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Guo H, Li Y, Wang S, Yang Y, Xu T, Zhao J, Wang J, Zuo W, Wang P, Zhao G, Wang H, Hou W, Dong H, Cai Y. Dysfunction of astrocytic glycophagy exacerbates reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103234. [PMID: 38861834 PMCID: PMC11215420 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycophagy has evolved from an alternative glycogen degradation pathway into a multifaceted pivot to regulate cellular metabolic hemostasis in peripheral tissues. However, the pattern of glycophagy in the brain and its potential therapeutic impact on ischemic stroke remain unknown. Here, we observed that the dysfunction of astrocytic glycophagy was caused by the downregulation of the GABA type A receptor-associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1) during reperfusion in ischemic stroke patients and mice. PI3K-Akt pathway activation is involved in driving GABARAPL1 downregulation during cerebral reperfusion. Moreover, glycophagy dysfunction-induced glucosamine deficiency suppresses the nuclear translocation of specificity protein 1 and TATA binding protein, the transcription factors for GABARAPL1, by decreasing their O-GlcNAcylation levels, and accordingly feedback inhibits GABARAPL1 in astrocytes during reperfusion. Restoring astrocytic glycophagy by overexpressing GABARAPL1 decreases DNA damage and oxidative injury in astrocytes and improves the survival of surrounding neurons during reperfusion. In addition, a hypocaloric diet in the acute phase after cerebral reperfusion can enhance astrocytic glycophagic flux and accelerate neurological recovery. In summary, glycophagy in the brain links autophagy, metabolism, and epigenetics together, and glycophagy dysfunction exacerbates reperfusion injury after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianshuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqiang Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangchao Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wugang Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanhui Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Mellor KM, Varma U, Koutsifeli P, Daniels LJ, Benson VL, Annandale M, Li X, Nursalim Y, Janssens JV, Weeks KL, Powell KL, O'Brien TJ, Katare R, Ritchie RH, Bell JR, Gottlieb RA, Delbridge LMD. Myocardial glycophagy flux dysregulation and glycogen accumulation characterize diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 189:83-89. [PMID: 38484473 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic heart disease morbidity and mortality is escalating. No specific therapeutics exist and mechanistic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy etiology is lacking. While lipid accumulation is a recognized cardiomyocyte phenotype of diabetes, less is known about glycolytic fuel handling and storage. Based on in vitro studies, we postulated the operation of an autophagy pathway in the myocardium specific for glycogen homeostasis - glycophagy. Here we visualize occurrence of cardiac glycophagy and show that the diabetic myocardium is characterized by marked glycogen elevation and altered cardiomyocyte glycogen localization. We establish that cardiac glycophagy flux is disturbed in diabetes. Glycophagy may represent a potential therapeutic target for alleviating the myocardial impacts of metabolic disruption in diabetic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Upasna Varma
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Parisa Koutsifeli
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lorna J Daniels
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, OCDEM, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria L Benson
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marco Annandale
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yohanes Nursalim
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Johannes V Janssens
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim L Powell
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne & Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne & Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, Heart Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - James R Bell
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Australia
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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3
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Li X, Yu X, Yu F, Fu C, Zhao W, Liu X, Dai C, Gao H, Cheng M, Li B. D-pinitol alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting the optineurin-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and glycophagy signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1681-1694. [PMID: 38311336 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important complication resulting in heart failure and death of diabetic patients. However, there is no effective drug for treatments. This study investigated the effect of D-pinitol (DP) on cardiac injury using diabetic mice and glycosylation injury of cardiomyocytes and its molecular mechanisms. We established the streptozotocin-induced SAMR1 and SAMP8 mice and DP (150 mg/kg/day) intragastrically and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)-induced H9C2 cells. H9C2 cells were transfected with optineurin (OPTN) siRNA and overexpression plasmids. The metabolic disorder indices, cardiac dysfunction, histopathology, immunofluorescence, western blot, and immunoprecipitation were investigated. Our results showed that DP reduced the blood glucose and AGEs, and increased the expression of heart OPTN in diabetic mice and H9C2 cells, thereby inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP78, CHOP) and glycophagy (STBD1, GABARAPL1), and alleviating the myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis of DCM. The expression of filamin A as an interaction protein of OPTN downregulated by AGEs decreased OPTN abundance. Moreover, OPTN siRNA increased the expression of GRP78, CHOP, STBD1, and GABARAPL1 and inhibited the expression of GAA via GSK3β phosphorylation and FoxO1. DP may be helpful to treat the onset of DCM. Targeting OPTN with DP could be translated into clinical application in the fighting against DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Chunli Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Chaochao Dai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Health Management Center (East Area), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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4
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Tang Q, Liu M, Zhao H, Chen L. Glycogen-binding protein STBD1: Molecule and role in pathophysiology. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2010-2025. [PMID: 37435888 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Starch-binding domain-containing protein 1 (STBD1) is a glycogen-binding protein discovered in skeletal muscle gene differential expression that is pivotal to cellular energy metabolism. Recent studies have indicated that STBD1 is involved in many physiological processes, such as glycophagy, glycogen accumulation, and lipid droplet formation. Moreover, dysregulation of STBD1 causes multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, and even cancer. Deletions and/or mutations in STBD1 promote tumorigenesis. Therefore, STBD1 has garnered considerable interest in the pathology community. In this review, we first summarized the current understanding of STBD1, including its structure, subcellular localization, tissue distribution, and biological functions. Next, we examined the roles and molecular mechanisms of STBD1 in related diseases. Based on available research, we discussed the novel function and future of STBD1, including its potential application as a therapeutic target in glycogen-related diseases. Given the significance of STBD1 in energy metabolism, an in-depth understanding of the protein is crucial for understanding physiological processes and developing therapeutic strategies for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Meiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases of Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Central Laboratory of Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Nursing College, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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5
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Liu D, Xing R, Zhang Q, Tian X, Qi Y, Song H, Liu Y, Yu H, Zhang X, Jing Q, Yan C, Han Y. The CREG1-FBXO27-LAMP2 axis alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by promoting autophagy in cardiomyocytes. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2025-2038. [PMID: 37658156 PMCID: PMC10545673 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 1 (CREG1) is an important myocardial protective factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of CREG1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Male C57BL/6 J mice, Creg1 transgenic mice and cardiac-specific knockout mice were used to establish a type 2 diabetes model. Small animal ultrasound, Masson's staining and western blotting were used to evaluate cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis and autophagy. Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) were stimulated with palmitate, and the effects of CREG1 on NMCMs autophagy were examined. CREG1 deficiency exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy, which was accompanied by exacerbated autophagy dysfunction. CREG1 overexpression improved cardiac function and ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving autophagy. CREG1 protein expression was decreased in palmitate-induced NMCMs. CREG1 knockdown exacerbated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and inhibited autophagy. CREG1 overexpression inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and improved autophagy. LAMP2 overexpression reversed the effect of CREG1 knockdown on palmitate-induced inhibition of cardiomyocyte autophagy. CREG1 inhibited LAMP2 protein degradation by inhibiting the protein expression of F-box protein 27 (FBXO27). Our findings indicate new roles of CREG1 in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruinan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Quanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanping Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Haixu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Quanmin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Alleviates Ovarian Aging by Modulating Mitophagy- and Glycophagy-Based Energy Metabolism in Hens. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203270. [PMID: 36291137 PMCID: PMC9600712 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As a predominant hormone in the reproductive axis, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is known as the primary surviving factor for follicular growth. In this study, the alleviating effect of FSH on aging chicken granulosa cells (GCs) was investigated. Results showed that FSH activated mitophagy and relieved mitochondrial edema in D-gal-induced senescent GCs, which was evidenced by an increased number of mitophagosomes as well as increased mitochondria-light chain 3 (LC3) colocalization. Mitophagy activation was accompanied by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, upregulated glycophagy was demonstrated by an increased interaction of starch-binding domain protein 1 (STBD1) with GABA type A receptor-associated protein-like 1 (GABARAPL1) in D-gal-induced senescent GCs. FSH treatment further promoted glycophagy, accompanied by PI3K/AKT activation. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and AKT inhibitor GSK690693 attenuated the effect of FSH on glycophagy and glycolysis. The inhibition of FSH-mediated autophagy attenuated the protective effect of FSH on naturally aging GC proliferation and glycolysis. The simultaneous blockage of PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling also abolished the positive effect of FSH on naturally senescent ovarian energy regulation. These data reveal that FSH prevents chicken ovarian aging by modulating glycophagy- and mitophagy-based energy metabolism through the PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways.
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7
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Glycophagy – the physiological perspective on a newly characterized glycogen-selective autophagy. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Elshenawy DSA, Ramadan NM, Abdo VB, Ashour RH. Sacubitril/valsartan combination enhanced cardiac glycophagy and prevented the progression of murine diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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9
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He L, Chu Y, Yang J, He J, Hua Y, Chen Y, Benavides G, Rowe GC, Zhou L, Ballinger S, Darley-Usmar V, Young ME, Prabhu SD, Sethu P, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Xie M. Activation of Autophagic Flux Maintains Mitochondrial Homeostasis during Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2022; 11:2111. [PMID: 35805195 PMCID: PMC9265292 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury after extended ischemia accounts for approximately 50% of myocardial infarct size, and there is no standard therapy. HDAC inhibition reduces infarct size and enhances cardiomyocyte autophagy and PGC1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis when administered at the time of reperfusion. Furthermore, a specific autophagy-inducing peptide, Tat-Beclin 1 (TB), reduces infarct size when administered at the time of reperfusion. However, since SAHA affects multiple pathways in addition to inducing autophagy, whether autophagic flux induced by TB maintains mitochondrial homeostasis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is unknown. We tested whether the augmentation of autophagic flux by TB has cardioprotection by preserving mitochondrial homeostasis both in vitro and in vivo. Wild-type mice were randomized into two groups: Tat-Scrambled (TS) peptide as the control and TB as the experimental group. Mice were subjected to I/R surgery (45 min coronary ligation, 24 h reperfusion). Autophagic flux, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mitochondrial morphology, and mitochondrial dynamic genes were assayed. Cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were treated with a simulated I/R injury to verify cardiomyocyte specificity. The essential autophagy gene, ATG7, conditional cardiomyocyte-specific knockout (ATG7 cKO) mice, and isolated adult mouse ventricular myocytes (AMVMs) were used to evaluate the dependency of autophagy in adult cardiomyocytes. In NRVMs subjected to I/R, TB increased autophagic flux, mtDNA content, mitochondrial function, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mtDNA damage. Similarly, in the infarct border zone of the mouse heart, TB induced autophagy, increased mitochondrial size and mtDNA content, and promoted the expression of PGC1α and mitochondrial dynamic genes. Conversely, loss of ATG7 in AMVMs and in the myocardium of ATG7 cKO mice abolished the beneficial effects of TB on mitochondrial homeostasis. Thus, autophagic flux is a sufficient and essential process to mitigate myocardial reperfusion injury by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and partly by inducing PGC1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated with South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Yuxin Chu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Jin He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Yutao Hua
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Yunxi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Gloria Benavides
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (G.B.); (S.B.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Glenn C. Rowe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Lufang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Scott Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (G.B.); (S.B.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (G.B.); (S.B.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Martin E. Young
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Sumanth D. Prabhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Palaniappan Sethu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated with South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (L.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (G.C.R.); (L.Z.); (M.E.Y.); (S.D.P.); (P.S.)
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10
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Qiu F, Yuan Y, Luo W, Gong YS, Zhang ZM, Liu ZM, Gao L. Asiatic acid alleviates ischemic myocardial injury in mice by modulating mitophagy- and glycophagy-based energy metabolism. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1395-1407. [PMID: 34522006 PMCID: PMC9160258 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes disturbances in myocardial energy metabolism, ultimately leading to a poor prognosis. Cytosolic glycogen autophagy (glycophagy) and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) are upregulated in MI to optimize energy metabolism but to a limited extent. Asiatic acid (AA), a pentacyclic triterpene derived from the traditional Chinese herb Centella asiatica, displays anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic activities. AA has been found to alleviate focal cerebral and liver ischemic injury by reversing mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, we investigated whether AA exerted cardioprotective effects against MI by activating glycophagy and mitophagy to improve the energy balance. In vitro cardioprotective effects were examined in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation for 12 h. Treatment with AA (2-50 μM) significantly increased cell viability and improved the energy metabolism evidenced by increased ATP level and phosphocreatine/ATP ratio. In vivo cardioprotective effects were studied in a mouse model of MI. Administration of AA (5-125 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) significantly reduced infarct size and ischemic myocardial injury, and improved cardiac function. AA treatment also promoted mitophagy and relieved mitochondrial edema evidenced by increased number of mitophagosomes in ischemic myocardium in vivo and increased mitochondria-light chain 3 (LC3)-II colocalization in ODG-treated cardiomyocytes in vitro. Mitophagy activation was accompanied by activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. Knockdown of AMPK abolished AA-activated mitophagy. Furthermore, we showed that glycophagy was upregulated in OGD cardiomyocytes evidenced by increased starch binding domain protein 1 (STBD1)-GABA type A receptor-associated protein-like 1(GABARAPL1) interaction and extracellular acidification rate, whereas AA treatment further promoted glycophagy accompanied by PI3K/Akt activation. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or Akt inhibitor GSK690693 blocked the effects of AA on glycophagy and glycolysis. Finally, simultaneous inhibition of glycophagy and mitophagy abolished the cardioprotective effects and energy regulation of AA. These results demonstrate that AA protects ischemic cardiomyocytes by modulating glycophagy- and mitophagy-based energy metabolism through the PI3K/Akt and AMPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Qiu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China ,grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Wei Luo
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China ,grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan-shan Gong
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Zhong-ming Zhang
- grid.413389.40000 0004 1758 1622Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - Zhong-min Liu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China ,grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China ,grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical translation, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell Clinical Treatment, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Ling Gao
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China ,grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical translation, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell Clinical Treatment, Shanghai 200123, China
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11
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Koutsifeli P, Varma U, Daniels LJ, Annandale M, Li X, Neale JPH, Hayes S, Weeks KL, James S, Delbridge LMD, Mellor KM. Glycogen-autophagy: Molecular machinery and cellular mechanisms of glycophagy. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102093. [PMID: 35654138 PMCID: PMC9249846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cellular process involving degradation of superfluous or defective macromolecules and organelles as a form of homeostatic recycling. Initially proposed to be a “bulk” degradation pathway, a more nuanced appreciation of selective autophagy pathways has developed in the literature in recent years. As a glycogen-selective autophagy process, “glycophagy” is emerging as a key metabolic route of transport and delivery of glycolytic fuel substrate. Study of glycophagy is at an early stage. Enhanced understanding of this major noncanonical pathway of glycogen flux will provide important opportunities for new insights into cellular energy metabolism. In addition, glycogen metabolic mishandling is centrally involved in the pathophysiology of several metabolic diseases in a wide range of tissues, including the liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and brain. Thus, advances in this exciting new field are of broad multidisciplinary interest relevant to many cell types and metabolic states. Here, we review the current evidence of glycophagy involvement in homeostatic cellular metabolic processes and of molecular mediators participating in glycophagy flux. We integrate information from a variety of settings including cell lines, primary cell culture systems, ex vivo tissue preparations, genetic disease models, and clinical glycogen disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Koutsifeli
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Upasna Varma
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lorna J Daniels
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marco Annandale
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joshua P H Neale
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hayes
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samuel James
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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12
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Tesseraud S, Avril P, Bonnet M, Bonnieu A, Cassar-Malek I, Chabi B, Dessauge F, Gabillard JC, Perruchot MH, Seiliez I. Autophagy in farm animals: current knowledge and future challenges. Autophagy 2021; 17:1809-1827. [PMID: 32686564 PMCID: PMC8386602 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1798064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy (a process of cellular self-eating) is a conserved cellular degradative process that plays important roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing nutritional, metabolic, and infection-mediated stresses. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the role of this cellular function in species of agronomical interest, and the details of how autophagy functions in the development of phenotypes of agricultural interest remain largely unexplored. Here, we first provide a brief description of the main mechanisms involved in autophagy, then review our current knowledge regarding autophagy in species of agronomical interest, with particular attention to physiological functions supporting livestock animal production, and finally assess the potential of translating the acquired knowledge to improve animal development, growth and health in the context of growing social, economic and environmental challenges for agriculture.Abbreviations: AKT: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ASC: adipose-derived stem cells; ATG: autophagy-related; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BVDV: bovine viral diarrhea virus; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CTSB: cathepsin B; CTSD: cathepsin D; DAP: Death-Associated Protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GFP: green fluorescent protein; Gln: Glutamine; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; IF: immunofluorescence; IVP: in vitro produced; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; LMS: lysosomal membrane stability; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MDBK: Madin-Darby bovine kidney; MSC: mesenchymal stem cells; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: MTOR complex 1; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; NDV: Newcastle disease virus; NECTIN4: nectin cell adhesion molecule 4; NOD1: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1; OCD: osteochondritis dissecans; OEC: oviduct epithelial cells; OPTN: optineurin; PI3K: phosphoinositide-3-kinase; PPRV: peste des petits ruminants virus; RHDV: rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascale Avril
- INRAE, UAR1247 Aquapôle, Saint Pée Sur Nivelle, France
| | - Muriel Bonnet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Anne Bonnieu
- DMEM, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Cassar-Malek
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Frédéric Dessauge
- INRAE, UMR1348 PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, Rennes, France
| | | | - Marie-Hélène Perruchot
- INRAE, UMR1348 PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, Rennes, France
| | - Iban Seiliez
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, UMR1419 Nutrition Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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13
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Xie M, Cho GW, Kong Y, Li DL, Altamirano F, Luo X, Morales CR, Jiang N, Schiattarella GG, May HI, Medina J, Shelton J, Ferdous A, Gillette TG, Hill JA. Activation of Autophagic Flux Blunts Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Circ Res 2021; 129:435-450. [PMID: 34111934 PMCID: PMC8317428 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Geoffrey W. Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Yongli Kong
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Dan L. Li
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Cyndi R. Morales
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Gabriele G. Schiattarella
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Herman I. May
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Jessica Medina
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - John Shelton
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Anwarul Ferdous
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Thomas G. Gillette
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Joseph A. Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
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14
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Salvatore T, Pafundi PC, Galiero R, Albanese G, Di Martino A, Caturano A, Vetrano E, Rinaldi L, Sasso FC. The Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: The Contributing Pathophysiological Mechanisms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:695792. [PMID: 34277669 PMCID: PMC8279779 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.695792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) disclose a higher incidence and a poorer prognosis of heart failure (HF) than non-diabetic people, even in the absence of other HF risk factors. The adverse impact of diabetes on HF likely reflects an underlying “diabetic cardiomyopathy” (DM–CMP), which may by exacerbated by left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary artery disease (CAD). The pathogenesis of DM-CMP has been a hot topic of research since its first description and is still under active investigation, as a complex interplay among multiple mechanisms may play a role at systemic, myocardial, and cellular/molecular levels. Among these, metabolic abnormalities such as lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal calcium signaling, inflammation, epigenetic factors, and others. These disturbances predispose the diabetic heart to extracellular remodeling and hypertrophy, thus leading to left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction. This Review aims to outline the major pathophysiological changes and the underlying mechanisms leading to myocardial remodeling and cardiac functional derangement in DM-CMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Salvatore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pia Clara Pafundi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetana Albanese
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Martino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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15
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Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060933. [PMID: 34201378 PMCID: PMC8229722 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Unresolved inflammation plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases development. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators (SPMs), derived from long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), enhances the host defense, by resolving the inflammation and tissue repair. In addition, SPMs also have anti-inflammatory properties. These physiological effects depend on the availability of LCPUFAs precursors and cellular metabolic balance. Most of the studies have focused on the impact of SPMs in adult cardiovascular health and diseases. In this review, we discuss LCPUFAs metabolism, SPMs, and their potential effect on cardiovascular health and diseases primarily focusing in neonates. A better understanding of the role of these SPMs in cardiovascular health and diseases in neonates could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular dysfunction.
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16
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Doblado L, Lueck C, Rey C, Samhan-Arias AK, Prieto I, Stacchiotti A, Monsalve M. Mitophagy in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083903. [PMID: 33918863 PMCID: PMC8069949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective autophagic process, essential for cellular homeostasis, that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria. Activated by inner membrane depolarization, it plays an important role during development and is fundamental in highly differentiated post-mitotic cells that are highly dependent on aerobic metabolism, such as neurons, muscle cells, and hepatocytes. Both defective and excessive mitophagy have been proposed to contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, metabolic diseases, vascular complications of diabetes, myocardial injury, muscle dystrophy, and liver disease, among others. Pharmacological or dietary interventions that restore mitophagy homeostasis and facilitate the elimination of irreversibly damaged mitochondria, thus, could serve as potential therapies in several chronic diseases. However, despite extraordinary advances in this field, mainly derived from in vitro and preclinical animal models, human applications based on the regulation of mitochondrial quality in patients have not yet been approved. In this review, we summarize the key selective mitochondrial autophagy pathways and their role in prevalent chronic human diseases and highlight the potential use of specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Doblado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Lueck
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Rey
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Alejandro K. Samhan-Arias
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid e Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Isaac Peral 42, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita’ Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
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17
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Lou ZL, Zhang CX, Li JF, Chen RH, Wu WJ, Hu XF, Shi HC, Gao WY, Zhao QF. Apelin/APJ-Manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 β Signaling Works as an Endogenous Counterinjury Mechanism in Promoting the Vitality of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8836058. [PMID: 33574981 PMCID: PMC7857910 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8836058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A random-pattern skin flap plays an important role in the field of wound repair; the mechanisms that influence the survival of random-pattern skin flaps have been extensively studied but little attention has been paid to endogenous counterinjury substances and mechanism. Previous reports reveal that the apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism that has considerable function in protecting against infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, necrosis, and apoptosis in various organs. As an in vivo study, our study proved that the apelin/APJ axis protected the skin flap by alleviating vascular oxidative stress and the apelin/APJ axis works as an antioxidant stress factor dependent on CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3β signaling. In addition, the apelin/APJ-manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3β-dependent mechanism improves HUVECs' resistance to oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), reduces ROS production and accumulation, maintained the normal mitochondrial membrane potential, and suppresses oxidative stress in vitro. Besides, activation of the apelin/APJ axis promotes vascular migration and angiogenesis under relative hypoxia condition through CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3β signaling. In a word, we provide new evidence that the apelin/APJ axis is an effective antioxidant and can significantly improve the vitality of random flaps, so it has potential be a promising clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ling Lou
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Children's Heart Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zhang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jia-Feng Li
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Rui-Heng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wei-Jia Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Hu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hao-Chun Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Children's Heart Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wei-Yang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qi-Feng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Children's Heart Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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18
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Yuan W, He X, Morin D, Barrière G, Liu X, Li J, Zhu Y. Autophagy Induction Contributes to the Neuroprotective Impact of Intermittent Fasting on the Acutely Injured Spinal Cord. J Neurotrauma 2020; 38:373-384. [PMID: 33076741 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the leading causes of neurological disability and death. So far, there is no satisfactory treatment for SCI, because of its complex and ill-defined pathophysiology. Recently, autophagy has been implicated as protective in acute SCI rat models. Here, we investigated the therapeutic value of a dietary intervention, namely, intermittent fasting (IF), on neuronal survival after acute SCI in rats, and its underlying mechanism related to autophagy regulation. We found remarkable improvement in both behavioral performance and neuronal survival at the injured segment of the spinal cord of animals previously subjected to IF. Western blotting revealed a marked decrease in apoptosis-related markers such as cleaved caspase 3 levels and the bax/bcl-2 ratio in the IF group, which suggested an inhibition of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. In addition, the expression of the autophagy markers LC3-II and beclin 1 was also increased in the IF group compared with ad libitum fed animals. In parallel, IF decreased the levels of the substrate protein of autophagy, p62, indicative of an upregulation of the autophagic processes. Treatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a selective inhibitor of autophagy, reversed the downregulated apoptosis-related markers by IF. Finally, IF could activate the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and enhance lysosome function by upregulating transcription factor (TF)EB expression. Altogether, the present findings suggest that IF exerts a neuroprotective effect after acute SCI via the upregulation of autophagy, and further points to dietary interventions as a promising combinatorial treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Didier Morin
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Grégory Barrière
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiatong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Abstract
Autophagy is an adaptive catabolic process functioning to promote cell survival in the event of inappropriate living conditions such as nutrient shortage and to cope with diverse cytotoxic insults. It is regarded as one of the key survival mechanisms of living organisms. Cells undergo autophagy to accomplish the lysosomal digestion of intracellular materials including damaged proteins, organelles, and foreign bodies, in a bulk, non-selective or a cargo-specific manner. Studies in the past decades have shed light on the association of autophagy pathways with various diseases and also highlighted the therapeutic value of autophagy modulation. Hence, it is crucial to develop effective approaches for monitoring intracellular autophagy dynamics, as a comprehensive account of methodology establishment is far from complete. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the major current fluorescence-based techniques utilized for visualizing, sensing or measuring autophagic activities in cells or tissues, which are categorized firstly by targets detected and further by the types of fluorescence tools. We will mainly focus on the working mechanisms of these techniques, put emphasis on the insight into their roles in biomedical science and provide perspectives on the challenges and future opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne Victoria 3086, Australia.
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20
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Djordjevic DB, Koracevic G, Djordjevic AD, Lovic DB. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Clinical and Metabolic Approach. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 19:487-498. [PMID: 33143612 DOI: 10.2174/1570161119999201102213214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having in mind that diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are some of the greatest health challenges of the modern era, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is becoming more and more recognized in clinical practice. Main Text: Initially, DM is asymptomatic, but it may progress to diastolic and then systolic left ventricular dysfunction, which results in congestive heart failure. A basic feature of this DM complication is the absence of hemodynamically significant stenosis of the coronary blood vessels. Clinical manifestations are the result of several metabolic disorders that are present during DM progression. The complexity of metabolic processes, along with numerous regulatory mechanisms, has been the subject of research that aims at discovering new diagnostic (e.g. myocardial strain with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance) and treatment options. Adequate glycaemic control is not sufficient to prevent or reduce the progression of DCM. Contemporary hypoglycemic medications, such as sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors, significantly reduce the frequency of cardiovascular complications in patients with DM. Several studies have shown that, unlike the above-stated medications, thiazolidinediones and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are associated with deterioration of heart failure. CONCLUSION Imaging procedures, especially myocardial strain with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance, are useful to identify the early signs of DCM. Research and studies regarding new treatment options are still "in progress".
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan B Djordjevic
- Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Bulevar Dr. Zoran Djindjic 8, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Goran Koracevic
- Clinical Center Nis, Bulevar Dr. Zoran Djindjic 48, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | | | - Dragan B Lovic
- Clinic for Internal Diseases Intermedica, Singidunum University Nis, Jovana Ristica 20/III-2, 1800 Nis, United States
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21
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Mayeuf-Louchart A, Lancel S, Sebti Y, Pourcet B, Loyens A, Delhaye S, Duhem C, Beauchamp J, Ferri L, Thorel Q, Boulinguiez A, Zecchin M, Dubois-Chevalier J, Eeckhoute J, Vaughn LT, Roach PJ, Dani C, Pederson BA, Vincent SD, Staels B, Duez H. Glycogen Dynamics Drives Lipid Droplet Biogenesis during Brown Adipocyte Differentiation. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1410-1418.e6. [PMID: 31693883 PMCID: PMC7057258 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Browning induction or transplantation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) or brown/beige adipocytes derived from progenitor or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can represent a powerful strategy to treat metabolic diseases. However, our poor understanding of the mechanisms that govern the differentiation and activation of brown adipocytes limits the development of such therapy. Various genetic factors controlling the differentiation of brown adipocytes have been identified, although most studies have been performed using in vitro cultured pre-adipocytes. We investigate here the differentiation of brown adipocytes from adipose progenitors in the mouse embryo. We demonstrate that the formation of multiple lipid droplets (LDs) is initiated within clusters of glycogen, which is degraded through glycophagy to provide the metabolic substrates essential for de novo lipogenesis and LD formation. Therefore, this study uncovers the role of glycogen in the generation of LDs. Brown adipocytes are functionally differentiated at E17.5 in the mouse embryo Lipid droplets are formed within glycogen clusters Glycogen production is crucial for lipid droplet biogenesis during BAT differentiation Glycophagy-mediated glycogen degradation drives lipid droplet formation
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mayeuf-Louchart
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - Steve Lancel
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Yasmine Sebti
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Benoit Pourcet
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Loyens
- Univ. Lille, UMR-S 1172-JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Delhaye
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Christian Duhem
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Justine Beauchamp
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Lise Ferri
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Quentin Thorel
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexis Boulinguiez
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Zecchin
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Dubois-Chevalier
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Eeckhoute
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Logan T Vaughn
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Muncie and Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
| | - Peter J Roach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christian Dani
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Bartholomew A Pederson
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Muncie and Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
| | - Stéphane D Vincent
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Hélène Duez
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, 59000 Lille, France
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Kanamori H, Naruse G, Yoshida A, Minatoguchi S, Watanabe T, Kawaguchi T, Tanaka T, Yamada Y, Takasugi H, Mikami A, Minatoguchi S, Miyazaki T, Okura H. Morphological characteristics in diabetic cardiomyopathy associated with autophagy. J Cardiol 2020; 77:30-40. [PMID: 32907780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, clinically diagnosed as ventricular dysfunction in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis or hypertension in diabetic patients, is a cardiac muscle-specific disease that increases the risk of heart failure and mortality. Its clinical course is characterized initially by diastolic dysfunction, later by systolic dysfunction, and eventually by clinical heart failure from an uncertain mechanism. Light microscopic features such as interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy are observed in diabetic cardiomyopathy, but are common to failing hearts generally and are not specific to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Electron microscopic studies of biopsy samples from diabetic patients with heart failure have revealed that the essential mechanism underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy involves thickening of the capillary basement membrane, accumulation of lipid droplets, and glycogen as well as increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles within cardiomyocytes. Autophagy is a conserved mechanism that contributes to maintaining intracellular homeostasis by degrading long-lived proteins and damaged organelles and is observed more often in cardiomyocytes within failing hearts. Diabetes mellitus (DM) impairs cardiac metabolism and leads to dysregulation of energy substrates that contribute to cardiac autophagy. However, a "snapshot" showing greater numbers of autophagic vacuoles within cardiomyocytes may indicate that autophagy is activated into phagophore formation or is suppressed due to impairment of the lysosomal degradation step. Recent in vivo studies have shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism governing autophagy and its essential meaning in the diabetic heart. Autophagic responses to diabetic cardiomyopathy differ between diabetic types: they are enhanced in type 1 DM, but are suppressed in type 2 DM. This difference provides important insight into the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy, paying particular attention to autophagy in the heart, and discuss the therapeutic potential of interventions modulating autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Genki Naruse
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shingo Minatoguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takatomo Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kawaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshiki Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamada
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hironobu Takasugi
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mikami
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinya Minatoguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Okura
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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Divari S, De Lucia F, Berio E, Sereno A, Biolatti B, Cannizzo FT. Dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment in beef cattle: influence on glycogen deposition and gene expression in the liver. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106444. [PMID: 32199239 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The illegal administration of glucocorticoids in livestock is problematic and identification of pathways in which these hormones are involved is critically important, and new direct or indirect biomarkers should be identified. In this work, glucocorticoid transcriptional effects on some genes involved in the glucose metabolism were studied in the bovine liver. This study was conducted on adult Charolais male cattle treated with long-term low dose dexamethasone or prednisolone. Gene expression analysis was conducted in the liver by qPCR, and the geNorm algorithm was applied to select optimal reference genes. In line with the literature, a significant overexpression of genes involved in the gluconeogenic pathway and glycogen synthesis was detected in the liver of dexamethasone-treated animals, but histological and biochemical examination showed hepatocyte glycogen depletion particularly in dexamethasone-treated animals. It possible to hypothesize that glucocorticoids or adrenal insufficiency due to glucocorticoids withdrawal inhibit the enzymatic activity of glycogen synthase and/or induce glycogen autophagy in bovine liver. In fact, markers of glycophagy as starch-binding domain-containing protein 1 and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 mRNAs were upregulated in the liver by glucocorticoids treatment. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta gene was significantly overexpressed in dexamethasone-treated animals, and this protein is also implicated in liver autophagy modulation and glycogen synthesis inhibition. These results showed that glucocorticoids likley have dual roles in hepatic glycogen metabolism of cattle, and investigation of these pathways could help find treatment biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Divari
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
| | - F De Lucia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - E Berio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Sereno
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - B Biolatti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - F T Cannizzo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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24
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Recent Insights into the Mitochondrial Role in Autophagy and Its Regulation by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3809308. [PMID: 31781334 PMCID: PMC6875203 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3809308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestive process that degrades intracellular components, including damaged organelles, to maintain energy homeostasis and to cope with cellular stress. Autophagy plays a key role during development and adult tissue homeostasis, and growing evidence indicates that this catalytic process also has a direct role in modulating aging. Although autophagy is essentially protective, depending on the cellular context and stimuli, autophagy outcome can lead to either abnormal cell growth or cell death. The autophagic process requires a tight regulation, with cellular events following distinct stages and governed by a wide molecular machinery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in autophagy regulation through multiple signaling pathways, and mitochondria, the main source of endogenous ROS, have emerged as essential signal transducers that mediate autophagy. In the present review, we aim to summarize the regulatory function of mitochondria in the autophagic process, particularly regarding the mitochondrial role as the coordination node in the autophagy signaling pathway, involving mitochondrial oxidative stress, and their participation as membrane donors in the initial steps of autophagosome assembly.
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25
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Daniels LJ, Varma U, Annandale M, Chan E, Mellor KM, Delbridge LMD. Myocardial Energy Stress, Autophagy Induction, and Cardiomyocyte Functional Responses. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:472-486. [PMID: 30417655 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Energy stress in the myocardium occurs in a variety of acute and chronic pathophysiological contexts, including ischemia, nutrient deprivation, and diabetic disease settings of substrate disturbance. Although the heart is highly adaptive and flexible in relation to fuel utilization and routes of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) generation, maladaptations in energy stress situations confer functional deficit. An understanding of the mechanisms that link energy stress to impaired myocardial performance is crucial. Recent Advances: Emerging evidence suggests that, in parallel with regulated enzymatic pathways that control intracellular substrate supply, other processes of "bulk" autophagic macromolecular breakdown may be important in energy stress conditions. Recent findings indicate that cargo-specific autophagic activity may be important in different stress states. In particular, induction of glycophagy, a glycogen-specific autophagy, has been described in acute and chronic energy stress situations. The impact of elevated cardiomyocyte glucose flux relating to glycophagy dysregulation on contractile function is unknown. Critical Issues: Ischemia- and diabetes-related cardiac adverse events comprise the majority of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Current therapies involve management of systemic comorbidities. Cardiac-specific adjunct treatments targeted to manage myocardial energy stress responses are lacking. Future Directions: New knowledge is required to understand the mechanisms involved in selective recruitment of autophagic responses in the cardiomyocyte energy stress response. In particular, exploration of the links between cell substrate flux, calcium ion (Ca2+) flux, and phagosomal cargo flux is required. Strategies to target specific fuel "bulk" management defects in cardiac energy stress states may be of therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna J Daniels
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Upasna Varma
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marco Annandale
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eleia Chan
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,3 Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Panserat S, Marandel L, Seiliez I, Skiba-Cassy S. New Insights on Intermediary Metabolism for a Better Understanding of Nutrition in Teleosts. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2019; 7:195-220. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of aquaculture production throughout the world over the past few decades has led to the emergence of new scientific challenges to improve fish nutrition. The diet formulations used for farmed fish have been largely modified in the past few years. However, bottlenecks still exist in being able to suppress totally marine resources (fish meal and fish oil) in diets without negatively affecting growth performance and flesh quality. A better understanding of fish metabolism and its regulation by nutrients is thus mandatory. In this review, we discuss four fields of research that are highly important for improving fish nutrition in the future: ( a) fish genome complexity and subsequent consequences for metabolism, ( b) microRNAs (miRNAs) as new actors in regulation of fish metabolism, ( c) the role of autophagy in regulation of fish metabolism, and ( d) the nutritional programming of metabolism linked to the early life of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Panserat
- INRA, University of Pau & Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition, Metabolisme, Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - L. Marandel
- INRA, University of Pau & Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition, Metabolisme, Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - I. Seiliez
- INRA, University of Pau & Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition, Metabolisme, Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - S. Skiba-Cassy
- INRA, University of Pau & Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition, Metabolisme, Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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27
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Brewer MK, Gentry MS. Brain Glycogen Structure and Its Associated Proteins: Past, Present and Future. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 23:17-81. [PMID: 31667805 PMCID: PMC7239500 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27480-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This chapter reviews the history of glycogen-related research and discusses in detail the structure, regulation, chemical properties and subcellular distribution of glycogen and its associated proteins, with particular focus on these aspects in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kathryn Brewer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Epilepsy and Brain Metabolism Center, Lafora Epilepsy Cure Initiative, and Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Matthew S Gentry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Epilepsy and Brain Metabolism Center, Lafora Epilepsy Cure Initiative, and Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Ben Chehida A, Ben Messaoud S, Ben Abdelaziz R, Mansouri H, Boudabous H, Hakim K, Ben Ali N, Ben Ameur Z, Sassi Y, Kaabachi N, Abdelhak S, Abdelmoula MS, Azzouz H, Tebib N. A lower energetic, protein and uncooked cornstarch intake is associated with a more severe outcome in glycogen storage disease type III: an observational study of 50 patients. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:979-986. [PMID: 30110253 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Glycogen storage disease type III (GSDIII), due to a deficiency of glycogen debrancher enzyme (GDE), is particularly frequent in Tunisia. Phenotypic particularities of Tunisian patients remain unknown. Our aim was to study complications of GSDIII in a Tunisian population and to explore factors interfering with its course. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted over 30 years (1986-2016) in the referral metabolic center in Tunisia. Results Fifty GSDIII patients (26 boys), followed for an average 6.75 years, were enrolled. At the last evaluation, the median age was 9.87 years and 24% of patients reached adulthood. Short stature persisted in eight patients and obesity in 19 patients. Lower frequency of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) was associated with older patients (p<0.0001), higher protein diet (p=0.068) and lower caloric intake (p=0.025). Hepatic complications were rare. Cardiac involvement (CI) was frequent (91%) and occurred early at a median age of 2.6 years. Severe cardiomyopathy (50%) was related to lower doses of uncooked cornstarch (p=0.02). Neuromuscular involvement (NMI) was constant, leading to a functional discomfort in 64% of cases and was disabling in 34% of cases. Severe forms were related to lower caloric (p=0.005) and protein intake (p<0.015). Conclusions A low caloric, protein and uncooked cornstarch intake is associated with a more severe outcome in GSDIII Tunisian patients. Neuromuscular and CIs were particularly precocious and severe, even in childhood. Genetic and epigenetic factors deserve to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ben Chehida
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Tunisian Association for Studying Inherited Metabolic Diseases (General Secretary), La Rabta Hospital, 1007, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ben Messaoud
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rim Ben Abdelaziz
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Mansouri
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hela Boudabous
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kaouthar Hakim
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Ben Ali
- Department of Neurology, Charles Nicoles Hospital, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Ben Ameur
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Sassi
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Neziha Kaabachi
- Department of biochemistry, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR11IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Slim Abdelmoula
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Azzouz
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Neji Tebib
- Research Laboratory LR12SP02, Pediatric and Metabolic Department, La Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Jabberi, Jebal Lakhdhar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kim KA, Shin D, Kim JH, Shin YJ, Rajanikant GK, Majid A, Baek SH, Bae ON. Role of Autophagy in Endothelial Damage and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2018; 49:1571-1579. [PMID: 29724893 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.017287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-A Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Donggeun Shin
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Young-Jun Shin
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - G K Rajanikant
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India (G.K.R.)
| | - Arshad Majid
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, England (A.M.)
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (S.-H.B.)
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
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Cargo recognition and degradation by selective autophagy. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:233-242. [PMID: 29476151 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 722] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macroautophagy, initially described as a non-selective nutrient recycling process, is essential for the removal of multiple cellular components. In the past three decades, selective autophagy has been characterized as a highly regulated and specific degradation pathway for removal of unwanted cytosolic components and damaged and/or superfluous organelles. Here, we discuss different types of selective autophagy, emphasizing the role of ligand receptors and scaffold proteins in providing cargo specificity, and highlight unanswered questions in the field.
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Macroautophagy and Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Heart Failure: The Known and the Unknown. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8602041. [PMID: 29576856 PMCID: PMC5822756 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8602041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac diseases including hypertrophic and ischemic cardiomyopathies are increasingly being reported to accumulate misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. These findings have led to an increasing interest in protein degradation pathways, like autophagy, which are essential not only for normal protein turnover but also in the removal of misfolded and damaged proteins. Emerging evidence suggests a previously unprecedented role for autophagic processes in cardiac physiology and pathology. This review focuses on the major types of autophagic processes, the genes and protein complexes involved, and their regulation. It discusses the key similarities and differences between macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and selective mitophagy structures and functions. The genetic models available to study loss and gain of macroautophagy, mitophagy, and CMA are discussed. It defines the markers of autophagic processes, methods for measuring autophagic activities, and their interpretations. This review then summarizes the major studies of autophagy in the heart and their contribution to cardiac pathology. Some reports suggest macroautophagy imparts cardioprotection from heart failure pathology. Meanwhile, other studies find macroautophagy activation may be detrimental in cardiac pathology. An improved understanding of autophagic processes and their regulation may lead to a new genre of treatments for cardiac diseases.
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Mitochondria and Sex-Specific Cardiac Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1065:241-256. [PMID: 30051389 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this chapter is the gender differences in mitochondria in cardiovascular disease. There is broad evidence suggesting that some of the gender differences in cardiovascular outcome may be partially related to differences in mitochondrial biology (Ventura-Clapier R, Moulin M, Piquereau J, Lemaire C, Mericskay M, Veksler V, Garnier A, Clin Sci (Lond) 131(9):803-822, 2017)). Mitochondrial disorders are causally affected by mutations in either nuclear or mitochondrial genes involved in the synthesis of respiratory chain subunits or in their posttranslational control. This can be due to mutations of the mtDNA which are transmitted by the mother or mutations in the nuclear DNA. Because natural selection on mitochondria operates only in females, mutations may have had more deleterious effects in males than in females (Ventura-Clapier R, Moulin M, Piquereau J, Lemaire C, Mericskay M, Veksler V, Garnier A, Clin Sci (Lond) 131(9):803-822, 2017; Camara AK, Lesnefsky EJ, Stowe DF. Antioxid Redox Signal 13(3):279-347, 2010). As mitochondrial mutations can affect all tissues, they are responsible for a large panel of pathologies including neuromuscular disorders, encephalopathies, metabolic disorders, cardiomyopathies, neuropathies, renal dysfunction, etc. Many of these pathologies present sex/gender specificity. Thus, alleviating or preventing mitochondrial dysfunction will contribute to mitigating the severity or progression of the development of diseases. Here, we present evidence for the involvement of mitochondria in the sex specificity of cardiovascular disorders.
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Bolliet V, Labonne J, Olazcuaga L, Panserat S, Seiliez I. Modeling of autophagy-related gene expression dynamics during long term fasting in European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Sci Rep 2017; 7:17896. [PMID: 29263413 PMCID: PMC5738402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved cellular self-degradation process considered as a major energy mobilizing system in eukaryotes. It has long been considered as a post-translationally regulated event, and the importance of transcriptional regulation of autophagy-related genes (atg) for somatic maintenance and homeostasis during long period of stress emerged only recently. In this regard, large changes in atg transcription have been documented in several species under diverse types of prolonged catabolic situations. However, the available data primarily concern atg mRNA levels at specific times and fail to capture the dynamic relationship between transcript production over time and integrated phenotypes. Here, we present the development of a statistical model describing the dynamics of expression of several atg and lysosomal genes in European glass eel (Anguilla anguilla) during long-term fasting at two temperatures (9 °C and 12 °C) and make use of this model to infer the effect of transcripts dynamics on an integrated phenotype – here weight loss. Our analysis shows long-term non-random fluctuating atg expression dynamics and reveals for the first time a significant contribution of atg transcripts production over time to weight loss. The proposed approach thus offers a new perspective on the long-term transcriptional control of autophagy and its physiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bolliet
- INRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, F-64310 St Pée sur, Nivelle, France.,Univ Pau & Pays Adour, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, UFR Sciences et Techniques Côte Basque, Anglet, France
| | - Jacques Labonne
- INRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, F-64310 St Pée sur, Nivelle, France.,Univ Pau & Pays Adour, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, UFR Sciences et Techniques Côte Basque, Anglet, France
| | - Laure Olazcuaga
- INRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, F-64310 St Pée sur, Nivelle, France.,Univ Pau & Pays Adour, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, UFR Sciences et Techniques Côte Basque, Anglet, France
| | - Stéphane Panserat
- INRA, UMR 1419 Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint Pée sur, Nivelle, France.,Univ Pau & Pays Adour, UMR 1419 Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture, F-40000, Mont de Marsan, France
| | - Iban Seiliez
- INRA, UMR 1419 Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint Pée sur, Nivelle, France. .,Univ Pau & Pays Adour, UMR 1419 Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture, F-40000, Mont de Marsan, France.
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Bockus LB, Matsuzaki S, Vadvalkar SS, Young ZT, Giorgione JR, Newhardt MF, Kinter M, Humphries KM. Cardiac Insulin Signaling Regulates Glycolysis Through Phosphofructokinase 2 Content and Activity. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e007159. [PMID: 29203581 PMCID: PMC5779029 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthy heart has a dynamic capacity to respond and adapt to changes in nutrient availability. Diabetes mellitus disrupts this metabolic flexibility and promotes cardiomyopathy through mechanisms that are not completely understood. Phosphofructokinase 2 (PFK-2) is a primary regulator of cardiac glycolysis and substrate selection, yet its regulation under normal and pathological conditions is unknown. This study was undertaken to determine how changes in insulin signaling affect PFK-2 content, activity, and cardiac metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, high-fat diet feeding, and fasted mice were used to identify how decreased insulin signaling affects PFK-2 and cardiac metabolism. Primary adult cardiomyocytes were used to define the mechanisms that regulate PFK-2 degradation. Both type 1 diabetes mellitus and a high-fat diet induced a significant decrease in cardiac PFK-2 protein content without affecting its transcript levels. Overnight fasting also induced a decrease in PFK-2, suggesting it is rapidly degraded in the absence of insulin signaling. An unbiased metabolomic study demonstrated that decreased PFK-2 in fasted animals is accompanied by an increase in glycolytic intermediates upstream of phosphofructokianse-1, whereas those downstream are diminished. Mechanistic studies using cardiomyocytes showed that, in the absence of insulin signaling, PFK-2 is rapidly degraded via both proteasomal- and chaperone-mediated autophagy. CONCLUSIONS The loss of PFK-2 content as a result of reduced insulin signaling impairs the capacity to dynamically regulate glycolysis and elevates the levels of early glycolytic intermediates. Although this may be beneficial in the fasted state to conserve systemic glucose, it represents a pathological impairment in diabetes mellitus.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/blood
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/enzymology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology
- Diet, Fat-Restricted
- Diet, High-Fat
- Down-Regulation
- Enzyme Stability
- Fasting/blood
- Glycolysis
- Insulin/blood
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Chaperones/metabolism
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Phosphofructokinase-2/genetics
- Phosphofructokinase-2/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Proteolysis
- Signal Transduction
- Streptozocin
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Bockus
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Satoshi Matsuzaki
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Shraddha S Vadvalkar
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Zachary T Young
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jennifer R Giorgione
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Maria F Newhardt
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Kenneth M Humphries
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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Pires KM, Buffolo M, Schaaf C, David Symons J, Cox J, Abel ED, Selzman CH, Boudina S. Activation of IGF-1 receptors and Akt signaling by systemic hyperinsulinemia contributes to cardiac hypertrophy but does not regulate cardiac autophagy in obese diabetic mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 113:39-50. [PMID: 28987875 PMCID: PMC5689477 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in the maintenance of normal heart function. However, the role of autophagy in the inulin resistant and diabetic heart is not well understood. Furthermore, the upstream signaling and the downstream targets involved in cardiac autophagy regulation during obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to measure autophagic flux and to dissect the upstream and downstream signaling involved in cardiac autophagy regulation in the hearts of obese T2DM mice. Our study demonstrated that cardiac autophagic flux is suppressed in the heart of obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice due to impaired autophagosome formation. We showed that suppression of autophagy was due to sustained activation of mTOR as we could restore cardiac autophagy by inhibiting mTOR. Moreover, the novel finding of this study is that while IGF-1 receptor-mediated Akt activation contributes to cardiac hypertrophy, it is not involved in mTOR activation and autophagy suppression in obesity and T2DM. In contrast, inhibition of ERK signaling abolished mTOR activation and restored autophagy in the heart of obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. The study identifies mechanisms regulating cardiac autophagy in obesity and T2DM that are mediated by ERK/mTOR but are distinct from Akt. The findings are of significant importance as they demonstrate for the first time the contribution of IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1R) and Akt signaling in cardiac hypertrophy but not in cardiac autophagy regulation in obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Maria Pires
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marcio Buffolo
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christin Schaaf
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Craig H Selzman
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Early Postnatal Cardiomyocyte Proliferation Requires High Oxidative Energy Metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15434. [PMID: 29133820 PMCID: PMC5684334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac energy metabolism must cope with early postnatal changes in tissue oxygen tensions, hemodynamics, and cell proliferation to sustain development. Here, we tested the hypothesis that proliferating neonatal cardiomyocytes are dependent on high oxidative energy metabolism. We show that energy-related gene expression does not correlate with functional oxidative measurements in the developing heart. Gene expression analysis suggests a gradual overall upregulation of oxidative-related genes and pathways, whereas functional assessment in both cardiac tissue and cultured cardiomyocytes indicated that oxidative metabolism decreases between the first and seventh days after birth. Cardiomyocyte extracellular flux analysis indicated that the decrease in oxidative metabolism between the first and seventh days after birth was mostly related to lower rates of ATP-linked mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that overall energetic demands decrease during this period. In parallel, the proliferation rate was higher for early cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, in vitro nonlethal chemical inhibition of mitochondrial respiration reduced the proliferative capacity of early cardiomyocytes, indicating a high energy demand to sustain cardiomyocyte proliferation. Altogether, we provide evidence that early postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity correlates with high oxidative energy metabolism. The energy requirement decreases as the proliferation ceases in the following days, and both oxidative-dependent metabolism and anaerobic glycolysis subside.
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Kloner RA, Brown DA, Csete M, Dai W, Downey JM, Gottlieb RA, Hale SL, Shi J. New and revisited approaches to preserving the reperfused myocardium. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14:679-693. [PMID: 28748958 PMCID: PMC5991096 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early coronary artery reperfusion improves outcomes for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but morbidity and mortality after STEMI remain unacceptably high. The primary deficits seen in these patients include inadequate pump function, owing to rapid infarction of muscle in the first few hours of treatment, and adverse remodelling of the heart in the months that follow. Given that attempts to further reduce myocardial infarct size beyond early reperfusion in clinical trials have so far been disappointing, effective therapies are still needed to protect the reperfused myocardium. In this Review, we discuss several approaches to preserving the reperfused heart, such as therapies that target the mechanisms involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, pyroptosis, and autophagy, as well as treatments that harness the cardioprotective properties of inhaled anaesthetic agents. We also discuss potential therapies focused on correcting the no-reflow phenomenon and its effect on healing and adverse left ventricular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Kloner
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
- Virginia Tech Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Marie Csete
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90017, USA
| | - Wangde Dai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - James M Downey
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, 5851 USA Drive North, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Department of Medicine, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Heart Institute of Cedars-Sinai, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Sharon L Hale
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
| | - Jianru Shi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Singh SR, Zech ATL, Geertz B, Reischmann-Düsener S, Osinska H, Prondzynski M, Krämer E, Meng Q, Redwood C, van der Velden J, Robbins J, Schlossarek S, Carrier L. Activation of Autophagy Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy in Mybpc3-Targeted Knockin Mice. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004140. [PMID: 29021349 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.004140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in autophagy have been reported in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) caused by Danon disease, Vici syndrome, or LEOPARD syndrome, but not in HCM caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins, which account for most of HCM cases. MYBPC3, encoding cMyBP-C (cardiac myosin-binding protein C), is the most frequently mutated HCM gene. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated autophagy in patients with HCM carrying MYBPC3 mutations and in a Mybpc3-targeted knockin HCM mouse model, as well as the effect of autophagy modulators on the development of cardiomyopathy in knockin mice. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II protein levels were higher in HCM septal myectomies than in nonfailing control hearts and in 60-week-old knockin than in wild-type mouse hearts. In contrast to wild-type, autophagic flux was blunted and associated with accumulation of residual bodies and glycogen in hearts of 60-week-old knockin mice. We found that Akt-mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) signaling was increased, and treatment with 2.24 mg/kg·d rapamycin or 40% caloric restriction for 9 weeks partially rescued cardiomyopathy or heart failure and restored autophagic flux in knockin mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, we found that (1) autophagy is altered in patients with HCM carrying MYBPC3 mutations, (2) autophagy is impaired in Mybpc3-targeted knockin mice, and (3) activation of autophagy ameliorated the cardiac disease phenotype in this mouse model. We propose that activation of autophagy might be an attractive option alone or in combination with another therapy to rescue HCM caused by MYBPC3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R Singh
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Antonia T L Zech
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Birgit Geertz
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Silke Reischmann-Düsener
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Hanna Osinska
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Maksymilian Prondzynski
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Qinghang Meng
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Charles Redwood
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Lucie Carrier
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.).
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Bryan K, McGivney BA, Farries G, McGettigan PA, McGivney CL, Gough KF, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW. Equine skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise and training: evidence of differential regulation of autophagosomal and mitochondrial components. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:595. [PMID: 28793853 PMCID: PMC5551008 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A single bout of exercise induces changes in gene expression in skeletal muscle. Regular exercise results in an adaptive response involving changes in muscle architecture and biochemistry, and is an effective way to manage and prevent common human diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disorders and type II diabetes. However, the biomolecular mechanisms underlying such responses still need to be fully elucidated. Here we performed a transcriptome-wide analysis of skeletal muscle tissue in a large cohort of untrained Thoroughbred horses (n = 51) before and after a bout of high-intensity exercise and again after an extended period of training. We hypothesized that regular high-intensity exercise training primes the transcriptome for the demands of high-intensity exercise. RESULTS An extensive set of genes was observed to be significantly differentially regulated in response to a single bout of high-intensity exercise in the untrained cohort (3241 genes) and following multiple bouts of high-intensity exercise training over a six-month period (3405 genes). Approximately one-third of these genes (1025) and several biological processes related to energy metabolism were common to both the exercise and training responses. We then developed a novel network-based computational analysis pipeline to test the hypothesis that these transcriptional changes also influence the contextual molecular interactome and its dynamics in response to exercise and training. The contextual network analysis identified several important hub genes, including the autophagosomal-related gene GABARAPL1, and dynamic functional modules, including those enriched for mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and V, that were differentially regulated and had their putative interactions 're-wired' in the exercise and/or training responses. CONCLUSION Here we have generated for the first time, a comprehensive set of genes that are differentially expressed in Thoroughbred skeletal muscle in response to both exercise and training. These data indicate that consecutive bouts of high-intensity exercise result in a priming of the skeletal muscle transcriptome for the demands of the next exercise bout. Furthermore, this may also lead to an extensive 're-wiring' of the molecular interactome in both exercise and training and include key genes and functional modules related to autophagy and the mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Bryan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Beatrice A. McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Gabriella Farries
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Paul A. McGettigan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Charlotte L. McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Katie F. Gough
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - David E. MacHugh
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Lisa M. Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Emmeline W. Hill
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Ireland
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Lumkwana D, du Toit A, Kinnear C, Loos B. Autophagic flux control in neurodegeneration: Progress and precision targeting—Where do we stand? Prog Neurobiol 2017; 153:64-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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41
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Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Quality Control Mechanisms in the Heart. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 5:161-169. [PMID: 29082112 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control are essential to maintenance of cardiac function and a disruption of this pathway can lead to deleterious cardiac consequences. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial quality control has been described as a major homeostatic mechanism in cell. Recent studies highlighted that an impairment of mitochondrial quality control in different cell or mouse models is linked to cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, some conditions as aging, genetic mutations or obesity have been associated with mitochondrial quality control alteration leading to an accumulation of damaged mitochondria responsible for increased production of reactive oxygen species, metabolic inflexibility, and inflammation, all of which can have sustained effects on cardiac cell function and even cell death. SUMMARY In this review, we describe the major mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control, factors that can impair mitochondrial quality control, and the consequences of disrupted mitochondrial quality control.
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Sung HK, Chan YK, Han M, Jahng JWS, Song E, Danielson E, Berger T, Mak TW, Sweeney G. Lipocalin-2 (NGAL) Attenuates Autophagy to Exacerbate Cardiac Apoptosis Induced by Myocardial Ischemia. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2125-2134. [PMID: 27800610 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2; also termed neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)) levels correlate positively with heart failure (HF) yet mechanisms via which Lcn2 contributes to the pathogenesis of HF remain unclear. In this study, we used coronary artery ligation surgery to induce ischemia in wild-type (wt) mice and this induced a significant increase in myocardial Lcn2. We then compared wt and Lcn2 knockout (KO) mice and observed that wt mice showed greater ischemia-induced caspase-3 activation and DNA damage measured by TUNEL than Lcn2KO mice. Analysis of autophagy by LC3 and p62 Western blotting, LC3 immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that Lcn2 KO mice had a greater ischemia-induced increase in autophagy. Lcn2KO were protected against ischemia-induced cardiac functional abnormalities measured by echocardiography. Upon treating a cardiomyocyte cell line (h9c2) with Lcn2 and examining AMPK and ULK1 phosphorylation, LC3 and p62 by Western blot as well as tandem fluorescent RFP/GFP-LC3 puncta by immunofluorescence, MagicRed assay for lysosomal cathepsin activity and TEM we demonstrated that Lcn2 suppressed autophagic flux. Lcn2 also exacerbated hypoxia-induced cytochromc c release from mitochondria and caspase-3 activation. We generated an autophagy-deficient H9c2 cell model by overexpressing dominant-negative Atg5 and found significantly increased apoptosis after Lcn2 treatment. In summary, our data indicate that Lcn2 can suppress the beneficial cardiac autophagic response to ischemia and that this contributes to enhanced ischemia-induced cell death and cardiac dysfunction. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2125-2134, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyoung Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yee Kwan Chan
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Erfei Song
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Danielson
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Thorsten Berger
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Catalpol protects glucose-deprived rat embryonic cardiac cells by inducing mitophagy and modulating estrogen receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:973-982. [PMID: 28292026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalpol, a bioactive component from Rehmannia glutinosa (Di Huang), has been widely used to protect cardiomyocytes against myocardial ischemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effects of Catalpol on glucose-starved H9c2 cells for cardio-protection and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we showed that Catalpol protected the glucose-starved H9c2 cells through reducing apoptosis and attenuating oxidative damage. Moreover, the increases of autophagic lysosomes, LC3, autophagic flux and autophagic vacuole were observed in Catalpol-treated cells using flow cytometer and fluorescence microscope. Western blotting analyses showed that the autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Beclin1 and ULK) were markedly increased in Catalpol-treated cells, suggesting that Catalpol up-regulated autophagy in glucose starved H9c2 cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA markedly abrogated Catalpol's anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effects and prevented Catalpol-induced mitophagy. Furthermore, the estrogen receptor inhibitor tamoxifen significantly abolished Catalpol up-regulation of mitophagic related proteins (LC3, Beclin 1, p62, ATG5). Collectively, these data revealed that Catalpol inhibited apoptosis and oxidative stress in glucose-deprived H9c2 cell through promoting cell mitophagy and modulating estrogen receptor, supporting the notion that Catalpol could be a novel drug candidate against myocardial ischemia for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Jarosz J, Ghosh S, Delbridge LMD, Petzer A, Hickey AJR, Crampin EJ, Hanssen E, Rajagopal V. Changes in mitochondrial morphology and organization can enhance energy supply from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 312:C190-C197. [PMID: 27903587 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00298.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is accompanied by metabolic and ultrastructural alterations, but the impact of the structural changes on metabolism itself is yet to be determined. Morphometric analysis of mitochondrial shape and spatial organization within transverse sections of cardiomyocytes from control and streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats revealed that mitochondria are 20% smaller in size while their spatial density increases by 53% in diabetic cells relative to control myocytes. Diabetic cells formed larger clusters of mitochondria (60% more mitochondria per cluster) and the effective surface-to-volume ratio of these clusters increased by 22.5%. Using a biophysical computational model we found that this increase can have a moderate compensatory effect by increasing the availability of ATP in the cytosol when ATP synthesis within the mitochondrial matrix is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Jarosz
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Systems Biology Laboratory, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Shouryadipta Ghosh
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Systems Biology Laboratory, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amorita Petzer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J R Hickey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Edmund J Crampin
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; and
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Cell Structure and Mechanobiology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; .,Systems Biology Laboratory, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is an inherited or acquired disease of the myocardium, which can result in severe ventricular dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathological process of cardiomyopathy. Many dysfunctions in cardiac mitochondria are consequences of mutations in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA followed by alterations in transcriptional regulation, mitochondrial protein function, and mitochondrial dynamics and energetics, presenting with associated multisystem mitochondrial disorders. To ensure correct diagnosis and optimal management of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyopathy caused by multiple pathogenesis, multidisciplinary approaches are required, and to integrate between clinical and basic sciences, ideal translational models are needed. In this review, we will focus on experimental models to provide insights into basic mitochondrial physiology and detailed underlying mechanisms of cardiomyopathy and current mitochondria-targeted therapies for cardiomyopathy. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(10): 541-548]
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Wook Chung
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722; Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul 03722; Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Diseases (SIRIC), Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Cadete VJJ, Deschênes S, Cuillerier A, Brisebois F, Sugiura A, Vincent A, Turnbull D, Picard M, McBride HM, Burelle Y. Formation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles is an active and physiologically relevant mitochondrial quality control process in the cardiac system. J Physiol 2016; 594:5343-62. [PMID: 27311616 DOI: 10.1113/jp272703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Mitochondrial-derived vesicle (MDV) formation occurs under baseline conditions and is rapidly upregulated in response to stress-inducing conditions in H9c2 cardiac myoblasts. In mice formation of MDVs occurs readily in the heart under normal healthy conditions while mitophagy is comparatively less prevalent. In response to acute stress induced by doxorubicin, mitochondrial dysfunction develops in the heart, triggering MDV formation and mitophagy. MDV formation is thus active in the cardiac system, where it probably constitutes a baseline housekeeping mechanism and a first line of defence against stress. ABSTRACT The formation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs), a process inherited from bacteria, has emerged as a potentially important mitochondrial quality control (QC) mechanism to selectively deliver damaged material to lysosomes for degradation. However, the existence of this mechanism in various cell types, and its physiological relevance, remains unknown. Our aim was to investigate the dynamics of MDV formation in the cardiac system in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence in cell culture, quantitative transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography in vivo were used to study MDV production in the cardiac system. We show that in cardiac cells MDV production occurs at baseline, is commensurate with the dependence of cells on oxidative metabolism, is more frequent than mitophagy and is up-regulated on the time scale of minutes to hours in response to prototypical mitochondrial stressors (antimycin-A, xanthine/xanthine oxidase). We further show that MDV production is up-regulated together with mitophagy in response to doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction. Here we provide the first quantitative data demonstrating that MDV formation is a mitochondrial QC operating in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Deschênes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Ayumu Sugiura
- Neuromuscular Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy Vincent
- Welcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Doug Turnbull
- Welcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Neurology and CTNI, Columbia University Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Neuromuscular Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Lenzi P, Lazzeri G, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Gambardella S, Salvetti A, Fornai F. The Autophagoproteasome a Novel Cell Clearing Organelle in Baseline and Stimulated Conditions. Front Neuroanat 2016; 10:78. [PMID: 27493626 PMCID: PMC4955296 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein clearing pathways named autophagy (ATG) and ubiquitin proteasome (UP) control homeostasis within eukaryotic cells, while their dysfunction produces neurodegeneration. These pathways are viewed as distinct biochemical cascades occurring within specific cytosolic compartments owing pathway-specific enzymatic activity. Recent data strongly challenged the concept of two morphologically distinct and functionally segregated compartments. In fact, preliminary evidence suggests the convergence of these pathways to form a novel organelle named autophagoproteasome. This is characterized in the present study by using a cell line where, mTOR activity is upregulated and autophagy is suppressed. This was reversed dose-dependently by administering the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Thus, we could study autophagoproteasomes when autophagy was either suppressed or stimulated. The occurrence of autophagoproteasome was shown also in non-human cell lines. Ultrastructural morphometry, based on the stochiometric binding of immunogold particles allowed the quantitative evaluation of ATG and UP component within autophagoproteasomes. The number of autophagoproteasomes increases following mTOR inhibition. Similarly, mTOR inhibition produces overexpression of both LC3 and P20S particles. This is confirmed by the fact that the ratio of free vs. autophagosome-bound LC3 is similar to that measured for P20S, both in baseline conditions and following mTOR inhibition. Remarkably, within autophagoproteasomes there is a slight prevalence of ATG compared with UP components for low rapamycin doses, whereas for higher rapamycin doses UP increases more than ATG. While LC3 is widely present within cytosol, UP is strongly polarized within autophagoproteasomes. These fine details were evident at electron microscopy but could not be deciphered by using confocal microscopy. Despite its morphological novelty autophagoproteasomes appear in the natural site where clearing pathways (once believed to be anatomically segregated) co-exist and they are likely to interact at molecular level. In fact, LC3 and P20S co-immunoprecipitate, suggesting a specific binding and functional interplay, which may be altered by inhibiting mTOR. In summary, ATG and UP often represent two facets of a single organelle, in which unexpected amount of enzymatic activity should be available. Thus, autophagoproteasome may represent a sophisticated ultimate clearing apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Carla L Busceti
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Salvetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy; Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), NeuromedPozzilli, Italy
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Myocardial redox status, mitophagy and cardioprotection: a potential way to amend diabetic heart? Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1511-21. [PMID: 27433024 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major cardiovascular complications in diabetes that increase the mortality of diabetic patients. Mechanisms underlying DCM have not been fully elucidated, hindering targeted design of effective strategies to delay or treat DCM. Mitochondrial dysfunction is recognized as the driving force for the pathogenesis of DCM; therefore, maintaining cardiac mitochondrial quality is crucial for DCM prevention. Mitophagy is the process by which cells degrade abnormal or superfluous mitochondria in order to correct mitochondrial dysfunction, improve mitochondrial quality and maintain cardiac homoeostasis. Although the roles of mitophagy in various cardiomyopathies have been suggested, it remains largely unknown how the process is regulated and whether it is altered in the diabetic heart. In this review, we summarize currently available studies that investigate mitophagy in the heart, including its pathways, features and protective roles in several situations, including DCM. Due to limited data about mitophagy in diabetic hearts, future studies are required to gain a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy in the heart and to develop mitophagy-based strategies for protecting the heart from diabetic injury.
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Ip WTK, McAlindon A, Miller SE, Bell JR, Curl CL, Huggins CE, Mellor KM, Raaijmakers AJA, Bienvenu LA, McLennan PL, Pepe S, Delbridge LMD. Dietary omega-6 fatty acid replacement selectively impairs cardiac functional recovery after ischemia in female (but not male) rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H768-80. [PMID: 27422989 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00690.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A definitive understanding of the role of dietary lipids in determining cardioprotection (or cardiodetriment) has been elusive. Randomized trial findings have been variable and sex specificity of dietary interventions has not been determined. In this investigation the sex-selective cardiac functional effects of three diets enriched by omega-3 or omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or enriched to an equivalent extent in saturated fatty acid components were examined in rats after an 8-wk treatment period. In females the myocardial membrane omega-6:omega-3 PUFA ratio was twofold higher than males in the omega-6 diet replacement group. In diets specified to be high in omega-3 PUFA or in saturated fat, this sex difference was not apparent. Isolated cardiomyocyte and heart Langendorff perfusion experiments were performed, and molecular measures of cell viability were assessed. Under basal conditions the contractile performance of omega-6 fed female cardiomyocytes and hearts was reduced compared with males. Omega-6 fed females exhibited impaired systolic resilience after ischemic insult. This response was associated with increased postischemia necrotic cell damage evaluated by coronary lactate dehydrogenase during reperfusion in omega-6 fed females. Cardiac and myocyte functional parameters were not different between omega-3 and saturated fat dietary groups and within these groups there were no discernible sex differences. Our data provide evidence at both the cardiac and cardiomyocyte levels that dietary saturated fatty acid intake replacement with an omega-6 (but not omega-3) enriched diet has selective adverse cardiac effect in females. This finding has potential relevance in relation to women, cardiac risk, and dietary management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy T K Ip
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Andrew McAlindon
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarah E Miller
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - James R Bell
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Claire L Curl
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catherine E Huggins
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Antonia J A Raaijmakers
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Laura A Bienvenu
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Peter L McLennan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Centre for Human Applied Physiology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; and
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;
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Fenofibrate increases cardiac autophagy via FGF21/SIRT1 and prevents fibrosis and inflammation in the hearts of Type 1 diabetic mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:625-41. [PMID: 26795437 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Fenofibrate (FF) as a commonly-used lipid-lowering medicine in clinics was examined for its potentially repurposing to prevent the cardiac abnormalities in patients with type 1 diabetes. We demonstrated here that fenofibrate significantly prevented diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-dependent manner.
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