1
|
Chen W, Chiang J, Shang Z, Palchik G, Newman C, Zhang Y, Davis AJ, Lee H, Chen BPC. DNA-PKcs and ATM modulate mitochondrial ADP-ATP exchange as an oxidative stress checkpoint mechanism. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112094. [PMID: 36727301 PMCID: PMC10015379 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-PKcs is a key regulator of DNA double-strand break repair. Apart from its canonical role in the DNA damage response, DNA-PKcs is involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress (OS), but its exact role remains unclear. Here, we report that DNA-PKcs-deficient human cells display depolarized mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and reoriented metabolism, supporting a role for DNA-PKcs in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). DNA-PKcs directly interacts with mitochondria proteins ANT2 and VDAC2, and formation of the DNA-PKcs/ANT2/VDAC2 (DAV) complex supports optimal exchange of ADP and ATP across mitochondrial membranes to energize the cell via OXPHOS and to maintain MMP. Moreover, we demonstrate that the DAV complex temporarily dissociates in response to oxidative stress to attenuate ADP-ATP exchange, a rate-limiting step for OXPHOS. Finally, we found that dissociation of the DAV complex is mediated by phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at its Thr2609 cluster by ATM kinase. Based on these findings, we propose that the coordination between the DAV complex and ATM serves as a novel oxidative stress checkpoint to decrease ROS production from mitochondrial OXPHOS and to hasten cellular recovery from OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Min Chen
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jui‐Chung Chiang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Zengfu Shang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Guillermo Palchik
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Ciara Newman
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Anthony J Davis
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Benjamin PC Chen
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Paradoxes of Hymenoptera flight muscles, extreme machines. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:403-412. [PMID: 35340599 PMCID: PMC8921419 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the Carboniferous, insects evolved flight. Intense selection drove for high performance and approximately 100 million years later, Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and ants) emerged. Some species had proportionately small wings, with apparently impossible aerodynamic challenges including a need for high frequency flight muscles (FMs), powered exclusively off aerobic pathways and resulting in extreme aerobic capacities. Modern insect FMs are the most refined and form large dense blocks that occupy 90% of the thorax. These can beat wings at 200 to 230 Hz, more than double that achieved by standard neuromuscular systems. To do so, rapid repolarisation was circumvented through evolution of asynchronous stimulation, stretch activation, elastic recoil and a paradoxically slow Ca2+ reuptake. While the latter conserves ATP, considerable ATP is demanded at the myofibrils. FMs have diminished sarcoplasmic volumes, and ATP is produced solely by mitochondria, which pack myocytes to maximal limits and have very dense cristae. Gaseous oxygen is supplied directly to mitochondria. While FMs appear to be optimised for function, several unusual paradoxes remain. FMs lack any significant equivalent to the creatine kinase shuttle, and myofibrils are twice as wide as those of within cardiomyocytes. The mitochondrial electron transport systems also release large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and respiratory complexes do not appear to be present at any exceptional level. Given that the loss of the creatine kinase shuttle and elevated ROS impairs heart function, we question how do FM shuttle adenylates at high rates and tolerate oxidative stress conditions that occur in diseased hearts?
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiang JC, Chen WM, Newman C, Chen BPC, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 Promotes Mitochondrial Homeostasis against Oxidative Stress: Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020351. [PMID: 35204233 PMCID: PMC8869156 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a growth factor-like lipid mediator that regulates various physiological functions via activation of multiple LPA G protein-coupled receptors. We previously reported that LPA suppresses oxidative stress in premature aging Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) patient fibroblasts via its type 3 receptor (LPA3). Mitochondria have been suggested to be the primary origin of oxidative stress via the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and have a calcium buffering capacity for the cell. Defects in mitochondria will lead to declined antioxidant capacity and cell apoptosis. Therefore, we aim to demonstrate the regulatory role of LPA3 in mitochondrial homeostasis. siRNA-mediated depletion of LPA3 leads to the depolarization of mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm) and cellular ROS accumulation. In addition, the depletion of LPA3 enhances cisplatin-induced cytochrome C releasing. This indicates that LPA3 is essential to suppress the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. LPA3 is also shown to improve mitochondrial ADP-ATP exchange by enhancing the protein level of ANT2. On the other hand, LPA3 regulates calcium uptake from the ER to mitochondria via the IP3R1-VDAC1 channel. Moreover, activation of LPA3 by selective agonist OMPT rescues mitochondrial homeostasis of H2O2-induced oxidative stress cells and HGPS patient fibroblasts by improving mitochondrial ΔΨm and OXPHOS. In summary, our findings imply that LPA3 acts as the gatekeeper for mitochondrial healthiness to maintain cell youth. Furthermore, LPA3 can be a promising therapeutic target to prevent mitochondrial oxidative stress in aging and HGPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chung Chiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.-C.C.); (W.-M.C.); (C.N.)
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.-C.C.); (W.-M.C.); (C.N.)
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ciara Newman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.-C.C.); (W.-M.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Benjamin P. C. Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.-C.C.); (W.-M.C.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.C.C.); (H.L.); Tel.: +1-214-648-1263 (B.P.C.C.); +886-2-3366-2499 (H.L.)
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.P.C.C.); (H.L.); Tel.: +1-214-648-1263 (B.P.C.C.); +886-2-3366-2499 (H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nandi SS, Katsurada K, Mahata SK, Patel KP. Neurogenic Hypertension Mediated Mitochondrial Abnormality Leads to Cardiomyopathy: Contribution of UPR mt and Norepinephrine-miR- 18a-5p-HIF-1α Axis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718982. [PMID: 34912235 PMCID: PMC8667690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease. Hallmark features of hypertensive heart disease is sympathoexcitation and cardiac mitochondrial abnormality. However, the molecular mechanisms for specifically neurally mediated mitochondrial abnormality and subsequent cardiac dysfunction are unclear. We hypothesized that enhanced sympatho-excitation to the heart elicits cardiac miR-18a-5p/HIF-1α and mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) signaling that lead to mitochondrial abnormalities and consequent pathological cardiac remodeling. Methods and Results: Using a model of neurogenic hypertension (NG-HTN), induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of Ang II (NG-HTN; 20 ng/min, 14 days, 0.5 μl/h, or Saline; Control, 0.9%) through osmotic mini-pumps in Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g), we attempted to identify a link between sympathoexcitation (norepinephrine; NE), miRNA and HIF-1α signaling and UPRmt to produce mitochondrial abnormalities resulting in cardiomyopathy. Cardiac remodeling, mitochondrial abnormality, and miRNA/HIF-1α signaling were assessed using histology, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy, Western blotting or RT-qPCR. NG-HTN demonstrated increased sympatho-excitation with concomitant reduction in UPRmt, miRNA-18a-5p and increased level of HIF-1α in the heart. Our in silico analysis indicated that miR-18a-5p targets HIF-1α. Direct effects of NE on miRNA/HIF-1α signaling and mitochondrial abnormality examined using H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes showed NE reduces miR-18a-5p but increases HIF-1α. Electron microscopy revealed cardiac mitochondrial abnormality in NG-HTN, linked with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and fibrosis. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response was decreased in NG-HTN indicating mitochondrial proteinopathy and proteotoxic stress, associated with increased mito-ROS and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and oxidative phosphorylation. Further, there was reduced cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion, but increased mitochondrial fission, coupled with mitochondrial impaired TIM-TOM transport and UPRmt. Direct effects of NE on H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes also showed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, increased mitochondrial ROS generation, and UPRmt corroborating the in vivo data. Conclusion: In conclusion, enhanced sympatho-excitation suppress miR-18a-5p/HIF-1α signaling and increased mitochondrial stress proteotoxicity, decreased UPRmt leading to decreased mitochondrial dynamics/OXPHOS/ΔΨm and ROS generation. Taken together, these results suggest that ROS induced mitochondrial transition pore opening activates pro-hypertrophy/fibrosis/inflammatory factors that induce pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis commonly observed in NG-HTN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam S. Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kenichi Katsurada
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- Metabolic Physiology and Ultrastructural Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Han JC, Tran K, Crossman DJ, Curl CL, Koutsifeli P, Neale JPH, Li X, Harrap SB, Taberner AJ, Delbridge LMD, Loiselle DS, Mellor KM. Cardiac mechanical efficiency is preserved in primary cardiac hypertrophy despite impaired mechanical function. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212441. [PMID: 34180944 PMCID: PMC8241536 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased heart size is a major risk factor for heart failure and premature mortality. Although abnormal heart growth subsequent to hypertension often accompanies disturbances in mechano-energetics and cardiac efficiency, it remains uncertain whether hypertrophy is their primary driver. In this study, we aimed to investigate the direct association between cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac mechano-energetics using isolated left-ventricular trabeculae from a rat model of primary cardiac hypertrophy and its control. We evaluated energy expenditure (heat output) and mechanical performance (force length work production) simultaneously at a range of preloads and afterloads in a microcalorimeter, we determined energy expenditure related to cross-bridge cycling and Ca2+ cycling (activation heat), and we quantified energy efficiency. Rats with cardiac hypertrophy exhibited increased cardiomyocyte length and width. Their trabeculae showed mechanical impairment, evidenced by lower force production, extent and kinetics of shortening, and work output. Lower force was associated with lower energy expenditure related to Ca2+ cycling and to cross-bridge cycling. However, despite these changes, both mechanical and cross-bridge energy efficiency were unchanged. Our results show that cardiac hypertrophy is associated with impaired contractile performance and with preservation of energy efficiency. These findings provide direction for future investigations targeting metabolic and Ca2+ disturbances underlying cardiac mechanical and energetic impairment in primary cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June-Chiew Han
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth Tran
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David J Crossman
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Claire L Curl
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Parisa Koutsifeli
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joshua P H Neale
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen B Harrap
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew J Taberner
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denis S Loiselle
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kimberley M Mellor
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Branovets J, Karro N, Barsunova K, Laasmaa M, Lygate CA, Vendelin M, Birkedal R. Cardiac expression and location of hexokinase changes in a mouse model of pure creatine deficiency. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H613-H629. [PMID: 33337958 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00188.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) is considered the main phosphotransfer system in the heart, important for overcoming diffusion restrictions and regulating mitochondrial respiration. It is substrate limited in creatine-deficient mice lacking l-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) or guanidinoacetate N-methyltranferase (GAMT). Our aim was to determine the expression, activity, and mitochondrial coupling of hexokinase (HK) and adenylate kinase (AK), as these represent alternative energy transfer systems. In permeabilized cardiomyocytes, we assessed how much endogenous ADP generated by HK, AK, or CK stimulated mitochondrial respiration and how much was channeled to mitochondria. In whole heart homogenates, and cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions, we measured the activities of AK, CK, and HK. Lastly, we assessed the expression of the major HK, AK, and CK isoforms. Overall, respiration stimulated by HK, AK, and CK was ∼25, 90, and 80%, respectively, of the maximal respiration rate, and ∼20, 0, and 25%, respectively, was channeled to the mitochondria. The activity, distribution, and expression of HK, AK, and CK did not change in GAMT knockout (KO) mice. In AGAT KO mice, we found no changes in AK, but we found a higher HK activity in the mitochondrial fraction, greater expression of HK I, but a lower stimulation of respiration by HK. Our findings suggest that mouse hearts depend less on phosphotransfer systems to facilitate ADP flux across the mitochondrial membrane. In AGAT KO mice, which are a model of pure creatine deficiency, the changes in HK may reflect changes in metabolism as well as influence mitochondrial regulation and reactive oxygen species production.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In creatine-deficient AGAT-/- and GAMT-/- mice, the myocardial creatine kinase system is substrate limited. It is unknown whether subcellular localization and mitochondrial ADP channeling by hexokinase and adenylate kinase may compensate as alternative phosphotransfer systems. Our results show no changes in adenylate kinase, which is the main alternative to creatine kinase in heart. However, we found increased expression and activity of hexokinase I in AGAT-/- cardiomyocytes. This could affect mitochondrial regulation and reactive oxygen species production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Branovets
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Niina Karro
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Karina Barsunova
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Martin Laasmaa
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marko Vendelin
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Rikke Birkedal
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McNally LA, Altamimi TR, Fulghum K, Hill BG. Considerations for using isolated cell systems to understand cardiac metabolism and biology. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 153:26-41. [PMID: 33359038 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Changes in myocardial metabolic activity are fundamentally linked to cardiac health and remodeling. Primary cardiomyocytes, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and transformed cardiomyocyte cell lines are common models used to understand how (patho)physiological conditions or stimuli contribute to changes in cardiac metabolism. These cell models are helpful also for defining metabolic mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. Although technical advances have improved our capacity to measure cardiomyocyte metabolism, there is often heterogeneity in metabolic assay protocols and cell models, which could hinder data interpretation and discernment of the mechanisms of cardiac (patho)physiology. In this review, we discuss considerations for integrating cardiomyocyte cell models with techniques that have become relatively common in the field, such as respirometry and extracellular flux analysis. Furthermore, we provide overviews of metabolic assays that complement XF analyses and that provide information on not only catabolic pathway activity, but biosynthetic pathway activity and redox status as well. Cultivating a more widespread understanding of the advantages and limitations of metabolic measurements in cardiomyocyte cell models will continue to be essential for the development of coherent metabolic mechanisms of cardiac health and pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A McNally
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tariq R Altamimi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kyle Fulghum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Piquereau J, Veksler V, Novotova M, Ventura-Clapier R. Energetic Interactions Between Subcellular Organelles in Striated Muscles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581045. [PMID: 33134298 PMCID: PMC7561670 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult striated muscle cells present highly organized structure with densely packed intracellular organelles and a very sparse cytosol accounting for only few percent of cell volume. These cells have a high and fluctuating energy demand that, in continuously working oxidative muscles, is fulfilled mainly by oxidative metabolism. ATP produced by mitochondria should be directed to the main energy consumers, ATPases of the excitation-contraction system; at the same time, ADP near ATPases should rapidly be eliminated. This is achieved by phosphotransfer kinases, the most important being creatine kinase (CK). Specific CK isoenzymes are located in mitochondria and in close proximity to ATPases, forming efficient energy shuttle between these structures. In addition to phosphotransfer kinases, ATP/ADP can be directly channeled between mitochondria co-localized with ATPases in a process called “direct adenine nucleotide channeling, DANC.” This process is highly plastic so that inactivation of the CK system increases the participation of DANC to energy supply owing to the rearrangement of cell structure. The machinery for DANC is built during postnatal development in parallel with the increase in mitochondrial mass, organization, and complexification of the cell structure. Disorganization of cell architecture remodels the mitochondrial network and decreases the efficacy of DANC, showing that this process is intimately linked to cardiomyocyte structure. Accordingly, in heart failure, disorganization of the cell structure along with decrease in mitochondrial mass reduces the efficacy of DANC and together with alteration of the CK shuttle participates in energetic deficiency contributing to contractile failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Piquereau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marta Novotova
- Department of Cellular Cardiology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peterzan MA, Clarke WT, Lygate CA, Lake HA, Lau JYC, Miller JJ, Johnson E, Rayner JJ, Hundertmark MJ, Sayeed R, Petrou M, Krasopoulos G, Srivastava V, Neubauer S, Rodgers CT, Rider OJ. Cardiac Energetics in Patients With Aortic Stenosis and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction. Circulation 2020; 141:1971-1985. [PMID: 32438845 PMCID: PMC7294745 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Why some but not all patients with severe aortic stenosis (SevAS) develop otherwise unexplained reduced systolic function is unclear. We investigate the hypothesis that reduced creatine kinase (CK) capacity and flux is associated with this transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Peterzan
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - William T Clarke
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (W.T.C.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hannah A Lake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (H.A.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Y C Lau
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack J Miller
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Errin Johnson
- Dunn School of Pathology (E.J.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer J Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Moritz J Hundertmark
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rana Sayeed
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (R.S., G.K., V.S.)
| | - Mario Petrou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.P.)
| | - George Krasopoulos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (R.S., G.K., V.S.)
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (R.S., G.K., V.S.)
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Oliver J Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.A.P., J.Y.C.L., J.J.M., J.J.R., M.J.H., S.N., O.J.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saheera S, Krishnamurthy P. Cardiovascular Changes Associated with Hypertensive Heart Disease and Aging. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720920830. [PMID: 32393064 PMCID: PMC7586256 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720920830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and account for more than 17.9 million deaths (World Health Organization report). Hypertension and aging are two major risk factors for the development of cardiac structural and functional abnormalities. Hypertension, or elevated blood pressure, if left untreated can result in myocardial hypertrophy leading to heart failure (HF). Left ventricular hypertrophy consequent to pressure overload is recognized as the most important predictor of congestive HF and sudden death. The pathological changes occurring during hypertensive heart disease are very complex and involve many cellular and molecular alterations. In contrast, the cardiac changes that occur with aging are a slow but life-long process and involve all of the structural components in the heart and vasculature. However, these structural changes in the cardiovascular system lead to alterations in overall cardiac physiology and function. The pace at which these pathophysiological changes occur varies between individuals owing to many genetic and environmental risk factors. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of cardiac structural and functional alterations associated with hypertension and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Saheera
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Power AS, Norman R, Jones TLM, Hickey AJ, Ward ML. Mitochondrial function remains impaired in the hypertrophied right ventricle of pulmonary hypertensive rats following short duration metoprolol treatment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214740. [PMID: 30964911 PMCID: PMC6456253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) increases the work of the right ventricle (RV) and causes right-sided heart failure. This study examined RV mitochondrial function and ADP transfer in PH animals advancing to right heart failure, and investigated a potential therapy with the specific β1-adrenergic-blocker metoprolol. Adult Wistar rats (317 ± 4 g) were injected either with monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg kg-1) to induce PH, or with an equivalent volume of saline for controls (CON). At three weeks post-injection the MCT rats began oral metoprolol (10 mg kg-1 day-1-) or placebo treatment until heart failure was observed in the MCT group. Mitochondrial function was then measured using high-resolution respirometry from permeabilised RV fibres. Relative to controls, MCT animals had impaired mitochondrial function but maintained coupling between myofibrillar ATPases and mitochondria, despite an increase in ADP diffusion distances. Cardiomyocytes from the RV of MCT rats were enlarged, primarily due to an increase in myofibrillar protein. The ratio of mitochondria per myofilament area was decreased in both MCT groups (p ≤ 0.05) in comparison to control (CON: 1.03 ± 0.04; MCT: 0.74 ± 0.04; MCT + BB: 0.74 ± 0.03). This not only implicates impaired energy production in PH, but also increases the diffusion distance for metabolites within the MCT cardiomyocytes, adding an additional hindrance to energy supply. Together, these changes may limit energy supply in MCT rat hearts, particularly at high cardiac workloads. Metoprolol treatment did not delay the onset of heart failure symptoms, improve mitochondrial function, or regress RV hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia S. Power
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (M-L W); (ASP)
| | - Ruth Norman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy L. M. Jones
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J. Hickey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marie-Louise Ward
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (M-L W); (ASP)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ilkan Z, Strauss B, Campana C, Akar FG. Optical Action Potential Mapping in Acute Models of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Probing the Arrhythmogenic Role of the Mitochondrial Translocator Protein. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1816:133-143. [PMID: 29987816 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8597-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes dynamic changes in electrophysiological properties that promote the incidence of post-ischemic arrhythmias. High-resolution optical action potential mapping allows for a quantitative assessment of the electrophysiological substrate at a cellular resolution within the intact heart, which is critical for elucidation of arrhythmia mechanisms. We and others have found that pharmacological inhibition of the translocator protein (TSPO) is highly effective against postischemic arrhythmias. A major hurdle that has limited the translation of this approach to patients is the fact that available TSPO ligands have several confounding effects, including a potent negative ionotropic property. To circumvent such limitations we developed an in vivo cardiac specific TSPO gene silencing approach as an alternative. Here, we provide the methodological details of our optical action potential mapping studies that were designed to probe the effects of TSPO silencing in hearts from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) that are prone to I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeki Ilkan
- Cardiac Bioelectricity Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Strauss
- Cardiac Bioelectricity Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Campana
- Cardiac Bioelectricity Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fadi G Akar
- Cardiac Bioelectricity Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peterzan MA, Lygate CA, Neubauer S, Rider OJ. Metabolic remodeling in hypertrophied and failing myocardium: a review. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28646030 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00731.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The energy starvation hypothesis proposes that maladaptive metabolic remodeling antedates, initiates, and maintains adverse contractile dysfunction in heart failure (HF). Better understanding of the cardiac metabolic phenotype and metabolic signaling could help identify the role metabolic remodeling plays within HF and the conditions known to transition toward HF, including "pathological" hypertrophy. In this review, we discuss metabolic phenotype and metabolic signaling in the contexts of pathological hypertrophy and HF. We discuss the significance of alterations in energy supply (substrate utilization, oxidative capacity, and phosphotransfer) and energy sensing using observations from human and animal disease models and models of manipulated energy supply/sensing. We aim to provide ways of thinking about metabolic remodeling that center around metabolic flexibility, capacity (reserve), and efficiency rather than around particular substrate preferences or transcriptomic profiles. We show that maladaptive metabolic remodeling takes multiple forms across multiple energy-handling domains. We suggest that lack of metabolic flexibility and reserve (substrate, oxidative, and phosphotransfer) represents a final common denominator ultimately compromising efficiency and contractile reserve in stressful contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Peterzan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver J Rider
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou S, Ambalavanan A, Rochefort D, Xie P, Bourassa CV, Hince P, Dionne-Laporte A, Spiegelman D, Gan-Or Z, Mirarchi C, Zaharieva V, Dupré N, Kobayashi H, Hitomi T, Harada K, Koizumi A, Xiong L, Dion PA, Rouleau GA. RNF213 Is Associated with Intracranial Aneurysms in the French-Canadian Population. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1072-1085. [PMID: 27745834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are the result of focal weakness in the artery wall and have a complex genetic makeup. To date, genome-wide association and sequencing studies have had limited success in identifying IA risk factors. Distinct populations, such as the French-Canadian (FC) population, have increased IA prevalence. In our study, we used exome sequencing to prioritize risk variants in a discovery cohort of six FC families affected by IA, and the analysis revealed an increased variation burden for ring finger protein 213 (RNF213). We resequenced RNF213 in a larger FC validation cohort, and association tests on further identified variants supported our findings (SKAT-O, p = 0.006). RNF213 belongs to the AAA+ protein family, and two variants (p.Arg2438Cys and p.Ala2826Thr) unique to affected FC individuals were found to have increased ATPase activity, which could lead to increased risk of IA by elevating angiogenic activities. Common SNPs in RNF213 were also extracted from the NeuroX SNP-chip genotype data, comprising 257 FC IA-affected and 1,988 control individuals. We discovered that the non-ancestral allele of rs6565666 was significantly associated with the affected individuals (p = 0.03), and it appeared as though the frequency of the risk allele had changed through genetic drift. Although RNF213 is a risk factor for moyamoya disease in East Asians, we demonstrated that it might also be a risk factor for IA in the FC population. It therefore appears that the function of RNF213 can be differently altered to predispose distinct populations to dissimilar neurovascular conditions, highlighting the importance of a population's background in genetic studies of heterogeneous disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Zhou
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Amirthagowri Ambalavanan
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Daniel Rochefort
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Cynthia V Bourassa
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pascale Hince
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | | | - Dan Spiegelman
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Cathy Mirarchi
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Vessela Zaharieva
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoecho, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Hitomi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoecho, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kouji Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoecho, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoecho, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Lan Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal QC H1N 3M5, Canada
| | - Patrick A Dion
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|