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Blaustein MP, Hamlyn JM. Sensational site: the sodium pump ouabain-binding site and its ligands. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1120-C1177. [PMID: 38223926 PMCID: PMC11193536 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00273.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTS), used by certain insects, toads, and rats for protection from predators, became, thanks to Withering's trailblazing 1785 monograph, the mainstay of heart failure (HF) therapy. In the 1950s and 1960s, we learned that the CTS receptor was part of the sodium pump (NKA) and that the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was critical for the acute cardiotonic effect of digoxin- and ouabain-related CTS. This "settled" view was upended by seven revolutionary observations. First, subnanomolar ouabain sometimes stimulates NKA while higher concentrations are invariably inhibitory. Second, endogenous ouabain (EO) was discovered in the human circulation. Third, in the DIG clinical trial, digoxin only marginally improved outcomes in patients with HF. Fourth, cloning of NKA in 1985 revealed multiple NKA α and β subunit isoforms that, in the rodent, differ in their sensitivities to CTS. Fifth, the NKA is a cation pump and a hormone receptor/signal transducer. EO binding to NKA activates, in a ligand- and cell-specific manner, several protein kinase and Ca2+-dependent signaling cascades that have widespread physiological effects and can contribute to hypertension and HF pathogenesis. Sixth, all CTS are not equivalent, e.g., ouabain induces hypertension in rodents while digoxin is antihypertensinogenic ("biased signaling"). Seventh, most common rodent hypertension models require a highly ouabain-sensitive α2 NKA and the elevated blood pressure is alleviated by EO immunoneutralization. These numerous phenomena are enabled by NKA's intricate structure. We have just begun to understand the endocrine role of the endogenous ligands and the broad impact of the ouabain-binding site on physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - John M Hamlyn
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Wang Q, Li N, Guo X, Huo B, Li R, Feng X, Fang Z, Zhu XH, Wang Y, Yi X, Wei X, Jiang DS. Comprehensive analysis identified a reduction in ATP1A2 mediated by ARID3A in abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2866-2880. [PMID: 35441443 PMCID: PMC9097831 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by abdominal aorta dilatation and progressive structural impairment and is usually an asymptomatic and potentially lethal disease with a risk of rupture. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of AAA initiation and progression, seven AAA datasets related to human and mice were downloaded from the GEO database and reanalysed in the present study. After comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we identified the enriched pathways associated with inflammation responses, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching and cytokine secretion in AAA. Most importantly, we identified ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (ATP1A2) as a key gene that was significantly decreased in AAA samples of both human and mice; meanwhile, its reduction mainly occurred in VSMCs of the aorta; this finding was validated by immunostaining and Western blot in human and mouse AAA samples. Furthermore, we explored the potential upstream transcription factors (TFs) that regulate ATP1A2 expression. We found that the TF AT‐rich interaction domain 3A (ARID3A) bound the promoter of ATP1A2 to suppress its expression. Our present study identified the ARID3A‐ATP1A2 axis as a novel pathway in the pathological processes of AAA, further elucidating the molecular mechanism of AAA and providing potential therapeutic targets for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunhui Wang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Na Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Clinical medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Boguslavskyi A, Tokar S, Prysyazhna O, Rudyk O, Sanchez-Tatay D, Lemmey HA, Dora KA, Garland CJ, Warren HR, Doney A, Palmer CN, Caulfield MJ, Vlachaki Walker J, Howie J, Fuller W, Shattock MJ. Phospholemman Phosphorylation Regulates Vascular Tone, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension in Mice and Humans. Circulation 2021; 143:1123-1138. [PMID: 33334125 PMCID: PMC7969167 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.040557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has long been recognized that smooth muscle Na/K ATPase modulates vascular tone and blood pressure (BP), the role of its accessory protein phospholemman has not been characterized. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that phospholemman phosphorylation regulates vascular tone in vitro and that this mechanism plays an important role in modulation of vascular function and BP in experimental models in vivo and in humans. METHODS In mouse studies, phospholemman knock-in mice (PLM3SA; phospholemman [FXYD1] in which the 3 phosphorylation sites on serines 63, 68, and 69 are mutated to alanines), in which phospholemman is rendered unphosphorylatable, were used to assess the role of phospholemman phosphorylation in vitro in aortic and mesenteric vessels using wire myography and membrane potential measurements. In vivo BP and regional blood flow were assessed using Doppler flow and telemetry in young (14-16 weeks) and old (57-60 weeks) wild-type and transgenic mice. In human studies, we searched human genomic databases for mutations in phospholemman in the region of the phosphorylation sites and performed analyses within 2 human data cohorts (UK Biobank and GoDARTS [Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside]) to assess the impact of an identified single nucleotide polymorphism on BP. This single nucleotide polymorphism was expressed in human embryonic kidney cells, and its effect on phospholemman phosphorylation was determined using Western blotting. RESULTS Phospholemman phosphorylation at Ser63 and Ser68 limited vascular constriction in response to phenylephrine. This effect was blocked by ouabain. Prevention of phospholemman phosphorylation in the PLM3SA mouse profoundly enhanced vascular responses to phenylephrine both in vitro and in vivo. In aging wild-type mice, phospholemman was hypophosphorylated, and this correlated with the development of aging-induced essential hypertension. In humans, we identified a nonsynonymous coding variant, single nucleotide polymorphism rs61753924, which causes the substitution R70C in phospholemman. In human embryonic kidney cells, the R70C mutation prevented phospholemman phosphorylation at Ser68. This variant's rare allele is significantly associated with increased BP in middle-aged men. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate the importance of phospholemman phosphorylation in the regulation of vascular tone and BP and suggest a novel mechanism, and therapeutic target, for aging-induced essential hypertension in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Boguslavskyi
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Sergiy Tokar
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Oleksandra Prysyazhna
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Olena Rudyk
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - David Sanchez-Tatay
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Hamish A.L. Lemmey
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Kim A. Dora
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Christopher J. Garland
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Helen R. Warren
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Alexander Doney
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Colin N.A. Palmer
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Julia Vlachaki Walker
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Jacqueline Howie
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - William Fuller
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
| | - Michael J. Shattock
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.B., S.T., O.P., O.R., D.S.-T., M.J.S.). Clinical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute (O.P., H.R.W., M.J.C.), National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., M.J.C.), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom. Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (H.A.L.L., K.A.D., C.J.G.). Medicines Monitoring Unit, School of Medicine (A.D.), Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine (C.N.A.), University of Dundee, United Kingdom. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.V.W., J.H., W.F.)
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Pla-Pagà L, Guirro M, Gual-Grau A, Gibert-Ramos A, Foguet-Romero E, Catalán Ú, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Canela N, Valls RM, Arola L, Solà R, Pedret A. Proteomic Analysis of Heart and Kidney Tissues in Healthy and Metabolic Syndrome Rats after Hesperidin Supplementation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901063. [PMID: 32281714 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Proteomics has provided new strategies to elucidate the mechanistic action of hesperidin, a flavonoid present in citrus fruits. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of hesperidin supplementation (HS) on the proteomic profiles of heart and kidney tissue samples from healthy and metabolic syndrome (MS) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS 24 Sprague Dawley rats are randomized into four groups: healthy rats fed with a standard diet without HS, healthy rats administered with HS (100 mg kg-1 day-1 ), MS rats without HS, and MS rats administered with HS (100 mg kg-1 day-1 ) for eight weeks. Heart and kidney samples are obtained, and proteomic analysis is performed by mass spectrometry. Multivariate, univariate, and ingenuity pathways analyses are performed. Comparative and semiquantitative proteomic analyses of heart and kidney tissues reveal differential protein expression between MS rats with and without HS. The top diseases and functions implicated are related to the cardiovascular system, free radical scavenging, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and renal and urological diseases. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate the protective capacity of hesperidin to change to the proteomic profiles in relation to different cardiovascular risk biomarkers in the heart and kidney tissues of MS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pla-Pagà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), C/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
| | - Maria Guirro
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.,Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Andreu Gual-Grau
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Albert Gibert-Ramos
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Elisabet Foguet-Romero
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Úrsula Catalán
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), C/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Nuria Canela
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Rosa M Valls
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), C/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
| | - Lluís Arola
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Nutrigenomics Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), C/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Av/ Doctor Josep Laporte 2, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/ Universitat 1, Reus, 43204, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), C/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
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Brown IAM, Diederich L, Good ME, DeLalio LJ, Murphy SA, Cortese-Krott MM, Hall JL, Le TH, Isakson BE. Vascular Smooth Muscle Remodeling in Conductive and Resistance Arteries in Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1969-1985. [PMID: 30354262 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide and accounts for >17.3 million deaths per year, with an estimated increase in incidence to 23.6 million by 2030. 1 Cardiovascular death represents 31% of all global deaths 2 -with stroke, heart attack, and ruptured aneurysms predominantly contributing to these high mortality rates. A key risk factor for cardiovascular disease is hypertension. Although treatment or reduction in hypertension can prevent the onset of cardiovascular events, existing therapies are only partially effective. A key pathological hallmark of hypertension is increased peripheral vascular resistance because of structural and functional changes in large (conductive) and small (resistance) arteries. In this review, we discuss the clinical implications of vascular remodeling, compare the differences between vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling in conductive and resistance arteries, discuss the genetic factors associated with vascular smooth muscle cell function in hypertensive patients, and provide a prospective assessment of current and future research and pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isola A M Brown
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (I.A.M.B., M.E.G., L.J.D., S.A.M., B.E.I.)
| | - Lukas Diederich
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany (L.D., M.M.C.-K.)
| | - Miranda E Good
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (I.A.M.B., M.E.G., L.J.D., S.A.M., B.E.I.)
| | - Leon J DeLalio
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (I.A.M.B., M.E.G., L.J.D., S.A.M., B.E.I.).,Department of Pharmacology (L.J.D.)
| | - Sara A Murphy
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (I.A.M.B., M.E.G., L.J.D., S.A.M., B.E.I.)
| | - Miriam M Cortese-Krott
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany (L.D., M.M.C.-K.)
| | - Jennifer L Hall
- Lillehei Heart Institute (J.L.H.).,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.L.H.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.,American Heart Association, Dallas, TX (J.L.H.)
| | - Thu H Le
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (T.H.L.)
| | - Brant E Isakson
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (I.A.M.B., M.E.G., L.J.D., S.A.M., B.E.I.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.I.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
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6
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The Na,K-ATPase-Dependent Src Kinase Signaling Changes with Mesenteric Artery Diameter. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092489. [PMID: 30142894 PMCID: PMC6164810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase by ouabain potentiates vascular tone and agonist-induced contraction. These effects of ouabain varies between different reports. In this study, we assessed whether the pro-contractile effect of ouabain changes with arterial diameter and the molecular mechanism behind it. Rat mesenteric small arteries of different diameters (150–350 µm) were studied for noradrenaline-induced changes of isometric force and intracellular Ca2+ in smooth muscle cells. These functional changes were correlated to total Src kinase and Src phosphorylation assessed immunohistochemically. High-affinity ouabain-binding sites were semi-quantified with fluorescent ouabain. We found that potentiation of noradrenaline-sensitivity by ouabain correlates positively with an increase in arterial diameter. This was not due to differences in intracellular Ca2+ responses but due to sensitization of smooth muscle cell contractile machinery to Ca2+. This was associated with ouabain-induced Src activation, which increases with increasing arterial diameter. Total Src expression was similar in arteries of different diameters but the density of high-affinity ouabain binding sites increased with increasing arterial diameters. We suggested that ouabain binding induces more Src kinase activity in mesenteric small arteries with larger diameter leading to enhanced sensitization of the contractile machinery to Ca2+.
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7
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Blaustein MP, Chen L, Hamlyn JM, Leenen FHH, Lingrel JB, Wier WG, Zhang J. Pivotal role of α2 Na + pumps and their high affinity ouabain binding site in cardiovascular health and disease. J Physiol 2016; 594:6079-6103. [PMID: 27350568 DOI: 10.1113/jp272419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced smooth muscle (SM)-specific α2 Na+ pump expression elevates basal blood pressure (BP) and increases BP sensitivity to angiotensin II (Ang II) and dietary NaCl, whilst SM-α2 overexpression lowers basal BP and decreases Ang II/salt sensitivity. Prolonged ouabain infusion induces hypertension in rodents, and ouabain-resistant mutation of the α2 ouabain binding site (α2R/R mice) confers resistance to several forms of hypertension. Pressure overload-induced heart hypertrophy and failure are attenuated in cardio-specific α2 knockout, cardio-specific α2 overexpression and α2R/R mice. We propose a unifying hypothesis that reconciles these apparently disparate findings: brain mechanisms, activated by Ang II and high NaCl, regulate sympathetic drive and a novel neurohumoral pathway mediated by both brain and circulating endogenous ouabain (EO). Circulating EO modulates ouabain-sensitive α2 Na+ pump activity and Ca2+ transporter expression and, via Na+ /Ca2+ exchange, Ca2+ homeostasis. This regulates sensitivity to sympathetic activity, Ca2+ signalling and arterial and cardiac contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - John M Hamlyn
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Frans H H Leenen
- Hypertension Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4W7
| | - Jerry B Lingrel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0524, USA
| | - W Gil Wier
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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8
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Hong F, Wu N, Zhao X, Tian Y, Zhou Y, Chen T, Zhai Y, Ji L. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced dysfunction of cardiac hemodynamics is involved in cardiac inflammation in mice. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2917-2927. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fashui Hong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Nan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Ting Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Yanyu Zhai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
| | - Li Ji
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
- School of Life Sciences; Huaiyin Normal University; Huaian 223300 China
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9
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Matchkov VV, Krivoi II. Specialized Functional Diversity and Interactions of the Na,K-ATPase. Front Physiol 2016; 7:179. [PMID: 27252653 PMCID: PMC4879863 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Na,K-ATPase is a protein ubiquitously expressed in the plasma membrane of all animal cells and vitally essential for their functions. A specialized functional diversity of the Na,K-ATPase isozymes is provided by molecular heterogeneity, distinct subcellular localizations, and functional interactions with molecular environment. Studies over the last decades clearly demonstrated complex and isoform-specific reciprocal functional interactions between the Na,K-ATPase and neighboring proteins and lipids. These interactions are enabled by a spatially restricted ion homeostasis, direct protein-protein/lipid interactions, and protein kinase signaling pathways. In addition to its "classical" function in ion translocation, the Na,K-ATPase is now considered as one of the most important signaling molecules in neuronal, epithelial, skeletal, cardiac and vascular tissues. Accordingly, the Na,K-ATPase forms specialized sub-cellular multimolecular microdomains which act as receptors to circulating endogenous cardiotonic steroids (CTS) triggering a number of signaling pathways. Changes in these endogenous cardiotonic steroid levels and initiated signaling responses have significant adaptive values for tissues and whole organisms under numerous physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This review discusses recent progress in the studies of functional interactions between the Na,K-ATPase and molecular microenvironment, the Na,K-ATPase-dependent signaling pathways and their significance for diversity of cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor I Krivoi
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg, Russia
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10
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Shattock MJ, Ottolia M, Bers DM, Blaustein MP, Boguslavskyi A, Bossuyt J, Bridge JHB, Chen-Izu Y, Clancy CE, Edwards A, Goldhaber J, Kaplan J, Lingrel JB, Pavlovic D, Philipson K, Sipido KR, Xie ZJ. Na+/Ca2+ exchange and Na+/K+-ATPase in the heart. J Physiol 2015; 593:1361-82. [PMID: 25772291 PMCID: PMC4376416 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.282319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper is the third in a series of reviews published in this issue resulting from the University of California Davis Cardiovascular Symposium 2014: Systems approach to understanding cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and arrhythmias: Na+ channel and Na+ transport. The goal of the symposium was to bring together experts in the field to discuss points of consensus and controversy on the topic of sodium in the heart. The present review focuses on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA). While the relevance of Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac function has been extensively investigated, the role of Na+ regulation in shaping heart function is often overlooked. Small changes in the cytoplasmic Na+ content have multiple effects on the heart by influencing intracellular Ca2+ and pH levels thereby modulating heart contractility. Therefore it is essential for heart cells to maintain Na+ homeostasis. Among the proteins that accomplish this task are the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and the Na+/K+ pump (NKA). By transporting three Na+ ions into the cytoplasm in exchange for one Ca2+ moved out, NCX is one of the main Na+ influx mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. Acting in the opposite direction, NKA moves Na+ ions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space against their gradient by utilizing the energy released from ATP hydrolysis. A fine balance between these two processes controls the net amount of intracellular Na+ and aberrations in either of these two systems can have a large impact on cardiac contractility. Due to the relevant role of these two proteins in Na+ homeostasis, the emphasis of this review is on recent developments regarding the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) and Na+/K+ pump and the controversies that still persist in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Shattock
- King's College London BHF Centre of Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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11
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Chen L, Song H, Wang Y, Lee JC, Kotlikoff MI, Pritchard TJ, Paul RJ, Zhang J, Blaustein MP. Arterial α2-Na+ pump expression influences blood pressure: lessons from novel, genetically engineered smooth muscle-specific α2 mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015. [PMID: 26209057 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00430.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arterial myocytes express α1-catalytic subunit isoform Na(+) pumps (75-80% of total), which are ouabain resistant in rodents, and high ouabain affinity α2-Na(+) pumps. Mice with globally reduced α2-pumps (but not α1-pumps), mice with mutant ouabain-resistant α2-pumps, and mice with a smooth muscle (SM)-specific α2-transgene (α2 (SM-Tg)) that induces overexpression all have altered blood pressure (BP) phenotypes. We generated α2 (SM-DN) mice with SM-specific α2 (not α1) reduction (>50%) using nonfunctional dominant negative (DN) α2. We compared α2 (SM-DN) and α2 (SM-Tg) mice to controls to determine how arterial SM α2-pumps affect vasoconstriction and BP. α2 (SM-DN) mice had elevated basal mean BP (mean BP by telemetry: 117 ± 4 vs. 106 ± 1 mmHg, n = 7/7, P < 0.01) and enhanced BP responses to chronic ANG II infusion (240 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)) and high (6%) NaCl. Several arterial Ca(2+) transporters, including Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) and sarcoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane Ca(2+) pumps [sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 (PMCA1)], were also reduced (>50%). α2 (SM-DN) mouse isolated small arteries had reduced myogenic reactivity, perhaps because of reduced Ca(2+) transporter expression. In contrast, α2 (SM-Tg) mouse aortas overexpressed α2 (>2-fold), NCX1, SERCA2, and PMCA1 (43). α2 (SM-Tg) mice had reduced basal mean BP (104 ± 1 vs. 109 ± 2 mmHg, n = 15/9, P < 0.02) and attenuated BP responses to chronic ANG II (300-400 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)) with or without 2% NaCl but normal myogenic reactivity. NCX1 expression was inversely related to basal BP in SM-α2 engineered mice but was directly related in SM-NCX1 engineered mice. NCX1, which usually mediates arterial Ca(2+) entry, and α2-Na(+) pumps colocalize at plasma membrane-sarcoplasmic reticulum junctions and functionally couple via the local Na(+) gradient to help regulate cell Ca(2+). Altered Ca(2+) transporter expression in SM-α2 engineered mice apparently compensates to minimize Ca(2+) overload (α2 (SM-DN)) or depletion (α2 (SM-Tg)) and attenuate BP changes. In contrast, Ca(2+) transporter upregulation, observed in many rodent hypertension models, should enhance Ca(2+) entry and signaling and contribute significantly to BP elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Youhua Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jane C Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Michael I Kotlikoff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Tracy J Pritchard
- College of Nursing, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Richard J Paul
- Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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12
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Blaustein MP. Reply to "Letter to the editor: 'Why isn't clinical experience with ouabain more widely accepted?'". Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1264-5. [PMID: 25320336 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00571.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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13
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Ghadhanfar E, Al-Bader M, Turcani M. Wistar rats resistant to the hypertensive effects of ouabain exhibit enhanced cardiac vagal activity and elevated plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108909. [PMID: 25279791 PMCID: PMC4184851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside produced in the adrenal glands and hypothalamus. It affects the function of all cells by binding to Na+/K+-ATPase. Several lines of evidence suggest that endogenous ouabain could be involved in the pathogenesis of essential (particularly, salt-sensitive) hypertension. However, information regarding the postulated hypertensive effect of the long-term administration of low-dose exogenous ouabain is inconsistent. This study was designed to help settle this controversy through the use of telemetric monitoring of arterial blood pressure and to elucidate the ouabain-induced alterations that could either promote or prevent hypertension. Ouabain (63 and 324 µg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously to male Wistar rats. Radiotelemetry was used to monitor blood pressure, heart rate and measures of cardiovascular variability and baroreflex sensitivity. The continuous administration of ouabain for 3 months did not elevate arterial blood pressure. The low-frequency power of systolic pressure variability, urinary excretion of catecholamines, and cardiovascular response to restraint stress and a high-salt diet as well as the responsiveness to α1-adrenergic stimulation were all unaltered by ouabain administration, suggesting that the activity of the sympathetic nervous system was not increased. However, surrogate indices of cardiac vagal nerve activity based on heart rate variability were elevated. Molecular remodeling in mesenteric arteries that could support the development of hypertension (increased expression of the genes for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and Na+/K+-ATPase α2 isoform) was not evident. Instead, the plasma level of vasodilatory calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) significantly rose from 55 (11, SD) in the control group to 89 (20, SD) pg/ml in the ouabain-treated rats (PTukey's = 18.10(-5)). These data show that long-term administration of exogenous ouabain does not necessarily cause hypertension in rodents. The augmented parasympathetic activity and elevated plasma level of CGRP could be linked to the missing hypertensive effect of ouabain administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghadhanfar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maie Al-Bader
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Marian Turcani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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14
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Song H, Karashima E, Hamlyn JM, Blaustein MP. Ouabain-digoxin antagonism in rat arteries and neurones. J Physiol 2013; 592:941-69. [PMID: 24344167 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.266866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
'Classic' cardiotonic steroids (CTSs) such as digoxin and ouabain selectively inhibit Na+, K+ -ATPase (the Na+ pump) and, via Na+ / Ca2+ exchange (NCX), exert cardiotonic and vasotonic effects. CTS action is more complex than previously thought: prolonged subcutaneous administration of ouabain, but not digoxin, induces hypertension, and digoxin antagonizes ouabain's hypertensinogenic effect. We studied the acute interactions between CTSs in two indirect assays of Na+ pump function: myogenic tone (MT) in isolated, pressurized rat mesenteric small arteries, and Ca2+ signalling in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurones. The 'classic' CTSs (0.3-10 nm) behaved as 'agonists': all increased MT70 (MT at 70 mmHg) and augmented glutamate-evoked Ca2+ (Fura-2) signals. We then tested one CTS in the presence of another. Most CTSs could be divided into ouabain-like (ouabagenin, dihydroouabain (DHO), strophanthidin) or digoxin-like CTS (digoxigenin, digitoxin, bufalin). Within each group, the CTSs were synergistic, but ouabain-like and digoxin-like CTSs antagonized one another in both assays: For example, the ouabain-evoked (3 nm) increases in MT70 and neuronal Ca2+ signals were both greatly attenuated by the addition of 10 nm digoxin or 10 nm bufalin, and vice versa. Rostafuroxin (PST2238), a digoxigenin derivative that displaces 3H-ouabain from Na+, K+ -ATPase, and attenuates some forms of hypertension, antagonized the effects of ouabain, but not digoxin. SEA0400, a Na+ / Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) blocker, antagonized the effects of both ouabain and digoxin. CTSs bind to the α subunit of pump αβ protomers. Analysis of potential models suggests that, in vivo, Na+ pumps function as tetraprotomers ((αβ)4) in which the binding of a single CTS to one protomer blocks all pumping activity. The paradoxical ability of digoxin-like CTSs to reactivate the ouabain-inhibited complex can be explained by de-oligomerization of the tetrameric state. The interactions between these common CTSs may be of considerable therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Song
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. or
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15
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Correll RN, Eder P, Burr AR, Despa S, Davis J, Bers DM, Molkentin JD. Overexpression of the Na+/K+ ATPase α2 but not α1 isoform attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Circ Res 2013; 114:249-256. [PMID: 24218169 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The Na+ / K+ ATPase (NKA) directly regulates intracellular Na+ levels, which in turn indirectly regulates Ca2+ levels by proximally controlling flux through the Na+ / Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1). Elevated Na+ levels have been reported during heart failure, which permits some degree of reverse-mode Ca2+ entry through NCX1, as well as less efficient Ca2+ clearance. OBJECTIVE To determine whether maintaining lower intracellular Na+ levels by NKA overexpression in the heart would enhance forward-mode Ca2+ clearance and prevent reverse-mode Ca2+ entry through NCX1 to protect the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac-specific transgenic mice overexpressing either NKA-α1 or NKA-α2 were generated and subjected to pressure overload hypertrophic stimulation. We found that although increased expression of NKA-α1 had no protective effect, overexpression of NKA-α2 significantly decreased cardiac hypertrophy after pressure overload in mice at 2, 10, and 16 weeks of stimulation. Remarkably, total NKA protein expression and activity were not altered in either of these 2 transgenic models because increased expression of one isoform led to a concomitant decrease in the other endogenous isoform. NKA-α2 overexpression but not NKA-α1 led to significantly faster removal of bulk Ca2+ from the cytosol in a manner requiring NCX1 activity. Mechanistically, overexpressed NKA-α2 showed greater affinity for Na+ compared with NKA-α1, leading to more efficient clearance of this ion. Furthermore, overexpression of NKA-α2 but not NKA-α1 was coupled to a decrease in phospholemman expression and phosphorylation, which would favor greater NKA activity, NCX1 activity, and Ca2+ removal. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the protective effect produced by increased expression of NKA-α2 on the heart after pressure overload is due to more efficient Ca2+ clearance because this isoform of NKA preferentially enhances NCX1 activity compared with NKA-α1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Correll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Petra Eder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Adam R Burr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanda Despa
- Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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16
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Tuna BG, Bakker ENTP, VanBavel E. Relation between active and passive biomechanics of small mesenteric arteries during remodeling. J Biomech 2013; 46:1420-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Radzyukevich TL, Neumann JC, Rindler TN, Oshiro N, Goldhamer DJ, Lingrel JB, Heiny JA. Tissue-specific role of the Na,K-ATPase α2 isozyme in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23192345 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.424663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na,K-ATPase α2 isozyme is the major Na,K-ATPase of mammalian skeletal muscle. This distribution is unique compared with most other cells, which express mainly the Na,K-ATPase α1 isoform, but its functional significance is not known. We developed a gene-targeted mouse (skα2(-/-)) in which the α2 gene (Atp1a2) is knocked out in the skeletal muscles, and examined the consequences for exercise performance, membrane potentials, contractility, and muscle fatigue. Targeted knockout was confirmed by genotyping, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Skeletal muscle cells of skα2(-/-) mice completely lack α2 protein and have no α2 in the transverse tubules, where its expression is normally enhanced. The α1 isoform, which is normally enhanced on the outer sarcolemma, is up-regulated 2.5-fold without change in subcellular targeting. skα2(-/-) mice are apparently normal under basal conditions but show significantly reduced exercise capacity when challenged to run. Their skeletal muscles produce less force, are unable to increase force to match demand, and show significantly increased susceptibility to fatigue. The impairments affect both fast and slow muscle types. The subcellular targeting of α2 to the transverse tubules is important for this role. Increasing Na,K-ATPase α1 content cannot fully compensate for the loss of α2. The increased fatigability of skα2(-/-) muscles is reproduced in control extensor digitorum longus muscles by selectively inhibiting α2 enzyme activity with ouabain. These results demonstrate that the Na,K-ATPase α2 isoform performs an acute, isoform-specific role in skeletal muscle. Its activity is regulated by muscle use and enables working muscles to maintain contraction and resist fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana L Radzyukevich
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0576 USA
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Systemic hypertension: the roles of salt, vascular Na+/K+ ATPase and the endogenous glycosides, ouabain and marinobufagenin. Cardiol Rev 2012; 20:130-8. [PMID: 22183064 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0b013e31823c835c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension has been shown to be significantly associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and is not well controlled in many patients. In a large portion of people with essential hypertension, sodium intake has been shown to play a significant role in the production of their hypertension. The mechanism through which increased sodium intake manifests hypertension is unresolved and likely multifactorial. Endogenous cardiac glycosides such as endogenous ouabain (EO) and marinobufagenin have been proposed to play a role in salt-sensitive essential hypertension through their inhibition of Na/K ATPase (NKA). The normal function of the NKA pump is to extrude Na from the intracellular environment and import K. Blocking the NKA disrupts its normal maintenance function. EO is proposed to produce alteration in smooth muscle cell contractility by inhibiting the α2-isoform of NKA, altering Na in a microdomain of the cell. In this region of the plasma membrane the α2-isoform of the NKA colocalizes with another transmembrane protein, the Na/Ca exchanger (NCX). The normal function of NCX is to extrude Ca and import Na. Inhibition of NKA produces an increase in Na within the microdomain, which in turn alters the function of the NCX so that less Ca is extruded, leading to increased intracellular Ca and increased vascular contraction. EO has been shown to be synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to chronically elevated sodium intake. The levels of EO have been shown to be significantly elevated in 40% of all untreated hypertensive patients. Marinobufagenin, another cardiac glycoside, has also been implicated as a possible cause of essential hypertension through its preferential inhibition of the α1-isoform of NKA. Antagonism of the endogenous inhibitors of NKA is currently a target of clinical research for the development of innovative antihypertensive treatments.
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Matchkov VV, Moeller-Nielsen N, Dam VS, Nourian Z, Briggs Boedtkjer DM, Aalkjaer C. The α2 isoform of the Na,K-pump is important for intercellular communication, agonist-induced contraction, and EDHF-like response in rat mesenteric arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 303:H36-46. [PMID: 22561302 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00673.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The specific role of different isoforms of the Na,K-pump in the vascular wall is still under debate. We have previously suggested that the α(2) isoform of the Na,K-pump (α(2)), Na(+), Ca(2+)-exchange (NCX), and connexin43 form a regulatory microdomain in smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which controls intercellular communication and contractile properties of the vascular wall. We have tested this hypothesis by downregulating α(2) in cultured SMCs and in small arteries with siRNA in vivo. Intercellular communication was assessed by using membrane capacitance measurements. Arteries transfected in vivo were tested for isometric and isobaric force development in vitro; [Ca(2+)](i) was measured simultaneously. Cultured rat SMCs were well-coupled electrically, but 10 μM ouabain uncoupled them. Downregulation of α(2) reduced electrical coupling between SMCs and made them insensitive to ouabain. Downregulation of α(2) in small arteries was accompanied with significant reduction in NCX expression. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was not different between the groups, but the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor-like component of the response was significantly diminished in α(2)-downregulated arteries. Micromolar ouabain reduced in a concentration-dependent manner the amplitude of norepinephrine (NE)-induced vasomotion. Sixty percent of the α(2)-downregulated arteries did not have vasomotion, and vasomotion in the remaining 40% was ouabain insensitive. Although ouabain increased the sensitivity to NE in the control arteries, it had no effect on α(2)-downregulated arteries. In the presence of a low NE concentration the α(2)-downregulated arteries had higher [Ca(2+)](i) and tone. However, the NE EC50 was reduced under isometric conditions, and maximal contraction was reduced under isometric and isobaric conditions. The latter was caused by a reduced Ca(2+)-sensitivity. The α(2)-downregulated arteries also had reduced contraction to vasopressin, whereas the contractile response to high K(+) was not affected. Our results demonstrate the importance of α(2) for intercellular coupling in the vascular wall and its involvement in the regulation of vascular tone.
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Lacolley P, Regnault V, Nicoletti A, Li Z, Michel JB. The vascular smooth muscle cell in arterial pathology: a cell that can take on multiple roles. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 95:194-204. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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21
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Haghighi K, Pritchard T, Bossuyt J, Waggoner JR, Yuan Q, Fan GC, Osinska H, Anjak A, Rubinstein J, Robbins J, Bers DM, Kranias EG. The human phospholamban Arg14-deletion mutant localizes to plasma membrane and interacts with the Na/K-ATPase. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 52:773-82. [PMID: 22155237 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Depressed Ca-handling in cardiomyocytes is frequently attributed to impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function in human and experimental heart failure. Phospholamban (PLN) is a key regulator of SR and cardiac function, and PLN mutations in humans have been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We previously reported the deletion of the highly conserved amino acid residue arginine 14 (nucleic acids 39, 40 and 41) in DCM patients. This basic amino acid is important in maintaining the upstream consensus sequence for PKA phosphorylation of Ser 16 in PLN. To assess the function of this mutant PLN, we introduced the PLN-R14Del in cardiac myocytes of the PLN null mouse. Transgenic lines expressing mutant PLN-R14Del at similar protein levels to wild types exhibited no inhibition of the initial rates of oxalate-facilitated SR Ca uptake compared to PLN-knockouts (PLN-KO). The contractile parameters and Ca-kinetics also remained highly stimulated in PLN-R14Del cardiomyocytes, similar to PLN-KO, and isoproterenol did not further stimulate these hyper-contractile basal parameters. Consistent with the lack of inhibition on SR Ca-transport and contractility, confocal microscopy indicated that the PLN-R14Del failed to co-localize with SERCA2a. Moreover, PLN-R14Del did not co-immunoprecipitate with SERCA2a (as did WT-PLN), but rather co-immunoprecipitated with the sarcolemmal Na/K-ATPase (NKA) and stimulated NKA activity. In addition, studies in HEK cells indicated significant fluorescence resonance energy transfer between PLN-R14Del-YFP and NKAα1-CFP, but not with the NKA regulator phospholemman. Despite the enhanced cardiac function in PLN-R14Del hearts (as in PLN-knockouts), there was cardiac hypertrophy (unlike PLN-KO) coupled with activation of Akt and the MAPK pathways. Thus, human PLN-R14Del is misrouted to the sarcolemma, in the absence of endogenous PLN, and alters NKA activity, leading to cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
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22
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Blaustein MP, Leenen FHH, Chen L, Golovina VA, Hamlyn JM, Pallone TL, Van Huysse JW, Zhang J, Wier WG. How NaCl raises blood pressure: a new paradigm for the pathogenesis of salt-dependent hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 302:H1031-49. [PMID: 22058154 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00899.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Excess dietary salt is a major cause of hypertension. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms by which salt increases arterial constriction and peripheral vascular resistance, and thereby raises blood pressure (BP), are poorly understood. Here we summarize recent evidence that defines specific molecular links between Na(+) and the elevated vascular resistance that directly produces high BP. In this new paradigm, high dietary salt raises cerebrospinal fluid [Na(+)]. This leads, via the Na(+)-sensing circumventricular organs of the brain, to increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), a major trigger of vasoconstriction. Plasma levels of endogenous ouabain (EO), the Na(+) pump ligand, also become elevated. Remarkably, high cerebrospinal fluid [Na(+)]-evoked, locally secreted (hypothalamic) EO participates in a pathway that mediates the sustained increase in SNA. This hypothalamic signaling chain includes aldosterone, epithelial Na(+) channels, EO, ouabain-sensitive α(2) Na(+) pumps, and angiotensin II (ANG II). The EO increases (e.g.) hypothalamic ANG-II type-1 receptor and NADPH oxidase and decreases neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein expression. The aldosterone-epithelial Na(+) channel-EO-α(2) Na(+) pump-ANG-II pathway modulates the activity of brain cardiovascular control centers that regulate the BP set point and induce sustained changes in SNA. In the periphery, the EO secreted by the adrenal cortex directly enhances vasoconstriction via an EO-α(2) Na(+) pump-Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger-Ca(2+) signaling pathway. Circulating EO also activates an EO-α(2) Na(+) pump-Src kinase signaling cascade. This increases the expression of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger-transient receptor potential cation channel Ca(2+) signaling pathway in arterial smooth muscle but decreases the expression of endothelial vasodilator mechanisms. Additionally, EO is a growth factor and may directly participate in the arterial structural remodeling and lumen narrowing that is frequently observed in established hypertension. These several central and peripheral mechanisms are coordinated, in part by EO, to effect and maintain the salt-induced elevation of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Kita S, Iwamoto T. [Mechanisms for linking high salt intake to vascular tone: role of Na(+) pump and Na(+)/Ca²(+) exchanger coupling]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2010; 130:1399-405. [PMID: 21048395 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.130.1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension. However, the underlying molecular relationship between salt and hypertension is not fully understood. Recently discovered cardiotonic steroids, such as endogenous ouabain and other steroids, have been proposed as candidate intermediaries. Plasma cardiotonic steroids are significantly elevated in patients with essential hypertension and in salt-dependent hypertensive animals. Generally, it is believed that cardiotonic steroids inhibit Na(+) pump activity and lead to an increase in the cytosolic Na(+) concentration. Cellular Na(+) accumulation raises the cytosolic Ca²(+) concentration through the involvement of Na(+)/Ca²(+) exchanger type 1 (NCX1). In isolated arteries from α2 Na(+) pump knockout mice (α2(+/-)), myogenic tone is increased, and NCX inhibitor normalizes the elevated myogenic tone in α2(+/-) arteries. The NCX inhibitor lowers arterial blood pressure in salt-dependent hypertensive rats but not in other types of hypertensive rats or in normotensive rats. Furthermore, smooth muscle-specific NCX1 transgenic mice are hypersensitive to salt, whereas mice with smooth muscle-specific knockout of NCX1 (NCX1(SM-/-)) have low salt sensitivity. These results suggest that functional coupling between the vascular α2 Na(+) pump and NCX1 is a critical molecular mechanism for salt-induced blood pressure elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan.
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Heiny JA, Kravtsova VV, Mandel F, Radzyukevich TL, Benziane B, Prokofiev AV, Pedersen SE, Chibalin AV, Krivoi II. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the Na,K-ATPase alpha2 isoform interact to regulate membrane electrogenesis in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:28614-26. [PMID: 20595385 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.150961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and the Na,K-ATPase functionally interact in skeletal muscle (Krivoi, I. I., Drabkina, T. M., Kravtsova, V. V., Vasiliev, A. N., Eaton, M. J., Skatchkov, S. N., and Mandel, F. (2006) Pflugers Arch. 452, 756-765; Krivoi, I., Vasiliev, A., Kravtsova, V., Dobretsov, M., and Mandel, F. (2003) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 986, 639-641). In this interaction, the specific binding of nanomolar concentrations of nicotinic agonists to the nAChR stimulates electrogenic transport by the Na,K-ATPase alpha2 isozyme, causing membrane hyperpolarization. This study examines the molecular nature and membrane localization of this interaction. Stimulation of Na,K-ATPase activity by the nAChR does not require ion flow through open nAChRs. It can be induced by nAChR desensitization alone, in the absence of nicotinic agonist, and saturates when the nAChR is fully desensitized. It is enhanced by noncompetitive blockers of the nAChR (proadifen, QX-222), which promote non-conducting or desensitized states; and retarded by tetracaine, which stabilizes the resting nAChR conformation. The interaction operates at the neuromuscular junction as well as on extrajunctional sarcolemma. The Na,K-ATPase alpha2 isozyme is enriched at the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction and co-localizes with nAChRs. The nAChR and Na,K-ATPase alpha subunits specifically coimmunoprecipitate with each other, phospholemman, and caveolin-3. In a purified membrane preparation from Torpedo californica enriched in nAChRs and the Na,K-ATPase, a ouabain-induced conformational change of the Na,K-ATPase enhances a conformational transition of the nAChR to a desensitized state. These results suggest a mechanism by which the nAChR in a desensitized state with high apparent affinity for agonist interacts with the Na,K-ATPase to stimulate active transport. The interaction utilizes a membrane-delimited complex involving protein-protein interactions, either directly or through additional protein partners. This interaction is expected to enhance neuromuscular transmission and muscle excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Heiny
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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25
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Pritchard TJ, Bowman PS, Jefferson A, Tosun M, Lynch RM, Paul RJ. Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+) clearance proteins in smooth muscle: a functional unit. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H548-56. [PMID: 20543086 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00527.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase (NKA) can affect intracellular Ca(2+) concentration regulation via coupling to the Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger and may be important in myogenic tone. We previously reported that in mice carrying a transgene for the NKA alpha(2)-isoform in smooth muscle (alpha(2sm+)), the alpha(2)-isoform protein as well as the alpha(1)-isoform (not contained in the transgene) increased to similar degrees (2-7-fold). Aortas from alpha(2sm+) mice relaxed faster from a KCl-induced contraction, hypothesized to be related to more rapid Ca(2+) clearance. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this faster relaxation, we therefore measured the expression and distribution of proteins involved in Ca(2+) clearance. Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA), and plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) proteins were all elevated up to approximately fivefold, whereas actin, myosin light chain, and calponin proteins were not changed in smooth muscle from alpha(2sm+) mice. Interestingly, the corresponding Ca(2+) clearance mRNA levels were unchanged. Immunocytochemical data indicate that the Ca(2+) clearance proteins are distributed similarly in wild-type and alpha(2sm+) aorta cells. In studies measuring relaxation half-times from a KCl-induced contraction in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors of SERCA and PMCA, we estimated that together these proteins were responsible for approximately 60-70% of relaxation in aorta. Moreover, the percent contribution of SERCA and PMCA to relaxation rates in alpha(2sm+) aorta was not significantly different from that in wild-type aorta. The coordinate expressions of NKA and Ca(2+) clearance proteins without change in the relative contributions of each individual protein to smooth muscle function suggest that NKA may be but one component of a larger functional Ca(2+) clearance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy J Pritchard
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Univ. of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0576, USA
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Signaling mechanisms that link salt retention to hypertension: endogenous ouabain, the Na(+) pump, the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and TRPC proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2010; 1802:1219-29. [PMID: 20211726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Salt retention as a result of chronic, excessive dietary salt intake, is widely accepted as one of the most common causes of hypertension. In a small minority of cases, enhanced Na(+) reabsorption by the kidney can be traced to specific genetic defects of salt transport, or pathological conditions of the kidney, adrenal cortex, or pituitary. Far more frequently, however, salt retention may be the result of minor renal injury or small genetic variation in renal salt transport mechanisms. How salt retention actually leads to the increase in peripheral vascular resistance (the hallmark of hypertension) and the elevation of blood pressure remains an enigma. Here we review the evidence that endogenous ouabain (an adrenocortical hormone), arterial smooth muscle α2 Na(+) pumps, type-1 Na/Ca exchangers, and receptor- and store-operated Ca(2+) channels play key roles in the pathway that links salt to hypertension. We discuss cardenolide structure-function relationships in an effort to understand why prolonged administration of ouabain, but not digoxin, induces hypertension, and why digoxin is actually anti-hypertensive. Finally, we summarize recent observations which indicate that ouabain upregulates arterial myocyte Ca(2+) signaling mechanisms that promote vasoconstriction, while simultaneously downregulating endothelial vasodilator mechanisms. In sum, the reports reviewed here provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms by which salt retention leads to hypertension.
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Giachini FRC, Carneiro FS, Lima VV, Carneiro ZN, Brands MW, Webb RC, Tostes RC. A key role for Na+/K+-ATPase in the endothelium-dependent oscillatory activity of mouse small mesenteric arteries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 42:1058-67. [PMID: 19820882 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009005000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oscillatory contractile activity is an inherent property of blood vessels. Various cellular mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to oscillatory activity. Mouse small mesenteric arteries display a unique low frequency contractile oscillatory activity (1 cycle every 10-12 min) upon phenylephrine stimulation. Our objective was to identify mechanisms involved in this peculiar oscillatory activity. First-order mesenteric arteries were mounted in tissue baths for isometric force measurement. The oscillatory activity was observed only in vessels with endothelium, but it was not blocked by L-NAME (100 microM) or indomethacin (10 microM), ruling out the participation of nitric oxide and prostacyclin, respectively, in this phenomenon. Oscillatory activity was not observed in vessels contracted with K+ (90 mM) or after stimulation with phenylephrine plus 10 mM K+. Ouabain (1 to 10 microM, an Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor), but not K+ channel antagonists [tetraethylammonium (100 microM, a nonselective K+ channel blocker), Tram-34 (10 microM, blocker of intermediate conductance K+ channels) or UCL-1684 (0.1 microM, a small conductance K+ channel blocker)], inhibited the oscillatory activity. The contractile activity was also abolished when experiments were performed at 20 degrees C or in K+-free medium. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Na+/K+-ATPase is a potential source of these oscillations. The presence of alpha-1 and alpha-2 Na+/K+-ATPase isoforms was confirmed in murine mesenteric arteries by Western blot. Chronic infusion of mice with ouabain did not abolish oscillatory contraction, but up-regulated vascular Na+/K+-ATPase expression and increased blood pressure. Together, these observations suggest that the Na+/K+ pump plays a major role in the oscillatory activity of murine small mesenteric arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R C Giachini
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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28
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Cardiac pathways distinguish two epistatic modules enacting BP quantitative trait loci and candidate gene analysis. Hypertens Res 2009; 32:631-7. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2009.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Blaustein MP, Zhang J, Chen L, Song H, Raina H, Kinsey SP, Izuka M, Iwamoto T, Kotlikoff MI, Lingrel JB, Philipson KD, Wier WG, Hamlyn JM. The pump, the exchanger, and endogenous ouabain: signaling mechanisms that link salt retention to hypertension. Hypertension 2008; 53:291-8. [PMID: 19104005 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.119974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Oloizia B, Paul RJ. Ca2+ clearance and contractility in vascular smooth muscle: evidence from gene-altered murine models. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2008; 45:347-62. [PMID: 18598701 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 05/17/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The central importance of calcium clearance proteins, and their regulators, in the modulation of myocardial contractility and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) has long been established. Key players identified include the Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger, the Na(+)-K(+) ATPase, the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase and associated phospholamban. Gene-targeted and transgenic murine models have been critical in the elucidation of their function. The study of these proteins in the regulation of contractile parameters in vascular smooth muscle, on the other hand, is less well studied. More recently, gene-targeted and transgenic models have expanded our knowledge of Ca(2+) clearance proteins and their role in both tonic and phasic smooth muscle contractility. In this review, we will briefly treat the mechanisms which underlie Ca(2+) clearance in smooth muscle. These will be addressed in light of studies using gene-modified mouse models, the results of which will be compared and contrasted with those in the cardiomyocyte. The recently identified human mutations in phospholamban, which lead to dilated cardiomyopathy, are also present in vascular and other smooth muscle. Given the importance of these Ca(2+) clearance systems to modulation of smooth muscle, it is likely that mutations will also lead to smooth muscle pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Oloizia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0576, USA
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Melman A, Biggs G, Davies K, Zhao W, Tar MT, Christ GJ. Gene transfer with a vector expressing Maxi-K from a smooth muscle-specific promoter restores erectile function in the aging rat. Gene Ther 2008; 15:364-70. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3303093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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