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Xu C, Mei Y, Yang R, Luo Q, Zhang J, Kou X, Hu J, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen R, Zhang Z, Yao Y, Sima J. Edaravone Dexborneol mitigates pathology in animal and cell culture models of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting neuroinflammation and neuronal necroptosis. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:55. [PMID: 38678262 PMCID: PMC11056062 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease with limited disease-modifying treatments. Drug repositioning strategy has now emerged as a promising approach for anti-AD drug discovery. Using 5×FAD mice and Aβ-treated neurons in culture, we tested the efficacy of Y-2, a compounded drug containing the antioxidant Edaravone (Eda), a pyrazolone and (+)-Borneol, an anti-inflammatory diterpenoid from cinnamon, approved for use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. RESULTS We examined effects of Y-2 versus Eda alone by i.p. administered in 8-week-old 5×FAD mice (females) for 4 months by comparing cognitive function, Aβ pathologies, neuronal necroptosis and neuroinflammation. Using primary neurons and astrocytes, as well as neuronal and astrocytic cell lines, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms of Y-2 by examining neuronal injury, astrocyte-mediated inflammation and necroptosis. Here, we find that Y-2 improves cognitive function in AD mice. Histopathological data show that Y-2, better than Eda alone, markedly ameliorates Aβ pathologies including Aβ burden, astrogliosis/microgliosis, and Tau phosphorylation. In addition, Y-2 reduces Aβ-induced neuronal injury including neurite damage, mitochondrial impairment, reactive oxygen species production and NAD+ depletion. Notably, Y-2 inhibits astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation and attenuates TNF-α-triggered neuronal necroptosis in cell cultures and AD mice. RNA-seq further demonstrates that Y-2, compared to Eda, indeed upregulates anti-inflammation pathways in astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings infer that Y-2, better than Eda alone, mitigates AD pathology and may provide a potential drug candidate for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xu
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yilan Mei
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ruihan Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qiudan Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jienian Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaolin Kou
- Department of Pharmacology, NeuroDawn Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211199, China
| | - Jianfeng Hu
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Pharmacology, NeuroDawn Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211199, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yue Li
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, NeuroDawn Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211199, China
| | - Zhengping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, NeuroDawn Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211199, China.
| | - Yuyuan Yao
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Jian Sima
- Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Huang Q, Liu DH, Chen CF, Han Y, Huang ZQ, Zhang JW, Zeng XM. Pgc-1α Promotes Phosphorylation, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in H9c2 Cells During the Early Stage of Lipopolysaccharide Induction. Inflammation 2021; 44:1771-1781. [PMID: 33847873 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction in severe sepsis is associated with increased mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying septic heart dysfunction remain unclear. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (Pgc-1α), concentrations of inflammatory factors, and activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway were examined in H9c2 cells after a 24-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation period using qPCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and western blots (WBs), respectively. Pgc-1α was overexpressed and suppressed in cells using a lentivirus vector and siRNA, respectively. The effects of Pgc-1α dysfunction on the release of inflammatory factors and apoptosis were analyzed. Pgc-1α expression was increased after LPS induction for 0.5 h and returned to the pre-induction level at 2 h. Levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increase after LPS induction for 0.5 h and accumulated in the culture supernatants over time. The WBs revealed the highest Pgc-1α and phospho (p)-p65 protein levels after LPS induction for 0.5 h, followed by a decrease; moreover, the cleaved-caspase-3 level increased after LPS induction for 0.5 h and increased gradually thereafter. A functional analysis of Pgc-1α revealed that overexpression of this protein enhanced LPS-induced inflammatory factors and p-p65 levels and inhibited apoptosis during the early stage after LPS induction (0.5 and 4 h). In contrast, the inhibition of Pgc-1α expression inhibited the LPS expression-associated increases in inflammatory factors and p-p65 and promoted apoptosis. Pgc-1α promoted LPS-induced p65 phosphorylation and inflammatory factor release while inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Huang
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Hong Liu
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Feng Chen
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Han
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Huang
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Wen Zhang
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zeng
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, No.3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Priyathilaka TT, Bathige SDNK, Lee S, Yang H, Jeong T, Lee S, Lee J. Structural and functional analysis of three Iκb kinases (IKK) in disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus): Investigating their role in the innate immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:111-125. [PMID: 32320761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The IκB kinases (IKK) are large multiprotein complexes that regulate the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and are involved in a diverse range of biological processes, including innate immunity, inflammation, and development. To explore the potential roles of invertebrate IKKs on immunity, three IKK encoding genes have been identified from molluscan species disk abalone and designed as AbIKK1, AbIKK2 and AbIKK3 at the transcriptional level. Coding sequences of AbIKK1, AbIKK2 and AbIKK3 encode the peptides of 746, 751 and 713 amino acids with the predicted molecular mass of 86.16, 86.12 and 81.88 kDa respectively. All three AbIKKs were found to share conserved IKK family features including the kinase superfamily domain (KD), ubiquitin-like domain (ULD), and α-helical scaffold/dimerization domain (SDD), similar to their mammalian counterparts. Under normal physiological conditions, AbIKKs were ubiquitously detected in six different tissues, with the highest abundance in the digestive tract and gills. Temporal transcriptional profiles in abalone hemocytes revealed the induction of AbIKK1, AbIKK2, and AbIKK3 expression following exposure to Gram-negative (Vibrio parahemolyticus) and Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes) bacteria, viruses (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV), LPS, or poly I:C. The overexpression of AbIKKs in HEK293T or RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells induced NF-κB promoter activation independent of stimulation by TNF-α or LPS. Moreover, iNOS and COX2 expression was induced in AbIKK transfected RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells and the induced state was maintained post-LPS treatment. Furthermore, mRNA levels of three selected cytokine-encoding genes (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were found to be elevated in abalone IKK overexpressed RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells, both with and without LPS exposure. Overall, our findings demonstrated that AbIKKs identified in this study were positively involved in eliciting innate immune responses in abalone. In addition, the data revealed the presence of an evolutionarily conserved signaling mechanism for IKK mediated NF-κB activation in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S D N K Bathige
- Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology (SLINTEC), Nanotechnology and Science Park, Mahenwatta, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka
| | - Seongdo Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyug Jeong
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukkyoung Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Sevoflurane Preconditioning Prevents Septic Myocardial Dysfunction in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 74:462-473. [PMID: 31425341 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction accompanied by severe sepsis could significantly increase the mortality rate of septic patients. This study investigated the effects and the potential mechanisms of sevoflurane preconditioning on septic myocardial dysfunction, which was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; from Escherichia coli O55:B5; 18 mg/kg) in mice. Results indicated that 1 hour after the administration, LPS induced a significant increase in cell-surface Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cytoplasmic IKKα protein expression, and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) protein (P < 0.05), which was attenuated by preconditioning with sevoflurane. Two hours after the administration, inhalation of sevoflurane significantly reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 (P < 0.05). Twelve hours after administration, LPS caused pathological damage to the heart and elevated the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (P < 0.05). Echocardiography indicated that sevoflurane preconditioning significantly improved systolic and diastolic function. The inhalation of sevoflurane inhibited increases in myeloperoxidase (MPO), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), TNF-α, and IL-1β levels (P < 0.05) induced by endotoxemia, whereas IL-6 release was facilitated. Sevoflurane attenuated the myocardial levels of nitric oxide (P < 0.05) without an apparent influence on malondialdehyde (MDA) or superoxide dismutase (P > 0.05). In conclusion, our study indicates that exposure to 2% sevoflurane before LPS challenge is protective against myocardial dysfunction. Sevoflurane preconditioning may attenuate neutrophil infiltration and the release of inflammatory mediators during endotoxemia.
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Wang QH, Li W, Jiang YX, Lu XH, Wang GG. The extract from Agkistrodon halys venom protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:176. [PMID: 31315617 PMCID: PMC6637617 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snake venoms contain various bioactive constituents which possess potential therapeutic effects. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the extract from Agkistrodon halys venom on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (10 rats per group): control group, LPS group and LPS + extract group. Rats in control and the LPS groups were intravenously injected with sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS + extract group with the extract. After 2 h, rats of the control group were intraperitoneally injected sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS and the LPS + extract groups were treated with LPS (20 mg per kg body weight). Levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were determined. Anti-inflammation of the extract was analyzed via determination of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum, and expression of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and p-ERK protein in hearts. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and p-NF-κB protein expression in hearts, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum were used to evaluate the anti-oxidative properties of the extract. RESULTS Extract pretreatment significantly decreased the level of serum CK and LDH, reduced the generation of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and also reduced serum level of MDA in the LPS + extract group compared with the LPS group. In addition, the extract increased SOD activity in serum, HO-1 protein expression in hearts, and decreased TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, p-NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 protein expression. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that beneficial effect of this extract might be associated with an improved anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effect via downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2 signaling by activating HO-1/CO in hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Hai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Guo-Guang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Different adaptive NO-dependent Mechanisms in Normal and Hypertensive Conditions. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091682. [PMID: 31052164 PMCID: PMC6539476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. We aimed to investigate the effect of NO deficiency on selective biochemical parameters within discreet myocardial zones after experimentally induced MI. To induce MI, the left descending coronary artery was ligated in two groups of 16-week-old WKY rats. In one group, NO production was inhibited by L-NAME (20 mg/kg/day) administration four weeks prior to ligation. Sham operations were performed on both groups as a control. Seven days after MI, we evaluated levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, eNOS, iNOS, NFҡB/p65 and Nrf2 in ischemic, injured and non-ischemic zones of the heart. Levels of circulating TNF-α and IL-6 were evaluated in the plasma. MI led to increased NOS activity in all investigated zones of myocardium as well as circulating levels of TNF-α and IL-6. L-NAME treatment decreased NOS activity in the heart of sham operated animals. eNOS expression was increased in the injured zone and this could be a compensatory mechanism that improves the perfusion of the myocardium and cardiac dysfunction. Conversely, iNOS expression increased in the infarcted zone and may contribute to the inflammatory process and irreversible necrotic changes.
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Kadowaki M, Yamada H, Sato K, Shigemi H, Umeda Y, Morikawa M, Waseda Y, Anzai M, Kamide Y, Aoki-Saito H, Hisada T, Okajima F, Ishizuka T. Extracellular acidification-induced CXCL8 production through a proton-sensing receptor OGR1 in human airway smooth muscle cells: a response inhibited by dexamethasone. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2019; 16:4. [PMID: 30828266 PMCID: PMC6381743 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-019-0207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Human airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) contribute to bronchial contraction and airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma. They also generate cytokines, chemokines, and matricellular proteins. Ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1) senses extracellular protons and mediates the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in ASMCs. Methods ASMCs were stimulated for the indicated time by pH 6.3 or pH 7.4-adjusted Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (0.1% BSA-DMEM). As a control stimulant, pH 7.4-adjusted 0.1% BSA-DMEM containing 10 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was used. Interleukin-8/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) mRNA expression in ASMCs was quantified by RT-PCR using real-time TaqMan technology. CXCL8 secreted from ASMCs was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Phosphorylation at serine 536 of NF-κB p65 and binding of p65 to oligonucleotide containing an NF-κB consensus binding site were analyzed by Western blotting and an ELISA-based kit. Results Acidic pH induced a significant increase of CXCL8 mRNA expression and CXCL8 protein secretion in ASMCs. ASMCs transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted for OGR1 produced less CXCL8 compared with those transfected with non-targeting siRNA. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, MEK1/2 inhibitor, and the inhibitor of IκB phosphorylation reduced acidic pH-stimulated CXCL8 production in ASMCs. Dexamethasone also inhibited acidic pH-stimulated CXCL8 production of ASMCs in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone did not affect either phosphorylation or binding to the consensus DNA site of NF-κB p65. Conclusions CXCL8 released from ASMCs by extracellular acidification may play a pivotal role in airway accumulation of neutrophils. Glucocorticoids inhibit acidic pH-stimulated CXCL8 production independent of serine 536 phosphorylation and the binding to DNA of NF-κB p65, although NF-κB activity is essential for CXCL8 production in ASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Kadowaki
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamada
- 2Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebeshi, 371-8511 Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- 3Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebeshi, 371-8511 Japan
| | - Hiroko Shigemi
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Yukihiro Umeda
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Miwa Morikawa
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Yuko Waseda
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Masaki Anzai
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
| | - Yosuke Kamide
- 2Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebeshi, 371-8511 Japan
| | - Haruka Aoki-Saito
- 2Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebeshi, 371-8511 Japan
| | - Takeshi Hisada
- 2Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebeshi, 371-8511 Japan
| | - Fumikazu Okajima
- 4Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, 2-3-1 Kobata, Aomori, 030-0943 Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193 Japan
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Zou H, Zhu XX, Ding YH, Jin QY, Qian LY, Huang DS, Cen XJ. Trimetazidine in conditions other than coronary disease, old drug, new tricks? Int J Cardiol 2017; 234:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Fan TT, Feng XY, Yang YZ, Gao F, Liu Q. Downregulation of PI3K-γ in a mouse model of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Cytokine 2017; 96:208-216. [PMID: 28458167 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A key component during sepsis is the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, of which the PI3K-γ isoform is a major regulator in many inflammatory responses. However, the role of PI3K-γ in the development of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is unknown. In this study, we established a model of SIMD induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), subsequently used the selective inhibitor LY294002 and AS605240 to block the effect of PI3K and PI3K-γ, respectively. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, hearts were obtained for histological and protein expression examinations. ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP). LPS-treated mice showed an increase to cardiac inflammation, myocardial damage and production of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, cTnI and H-FABP. Administration of AS605240 to LPS-treated mice reduced some patho-physiological characteristics of SIMD and reduced TNF-α, IL-6, cTnI and H-FABP production. However, administration of LY294002 did not improve those same conditions. The results showed that PI3K-γ is likely a crucial element in SIMD by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway, and become a new marker of myocardial injury. Inhibition of PI3K-γ might be a potential therapeutic target in SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Fan
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Department of Emergency, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Sichuan 610016, PR China
| | - Xuan-Yun Feng
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Hainan 571101, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Wu H, Liu J, Li W, Liu G, Li Z. LncRNA-HOTAIR promotes TNF-α production in cardiomyocytes of LPS-induced sepsis mice by activating NF-κB pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 471:240-6. [PMID: 26806307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting studies have illustrated an important role of HOTAIR in cancer progress, but few studies have reported its function in cardiac disease, including cardiac-associated sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the function of HOTAIR in sepsis, involving its association with the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), an important inducer of myocardial dysfunction during LPS-induced sepsis. METHODS Sepsis mice model was established by LPS administration, and myocardial dysfunction was evaluated with hemodynamic parameters. HOTAIR expression in isolated cardiomyocytes and TNF-α production in the circulation were detected, as well as the protein levels of phosphorylated p65. HL-1 cells were subjected to LPS treatment in vitro for functional studies, including luciferase report assays for NF-κB activity. RESULTS HOTAIR expression was significantly upregulated in cardiomyocytes from sepsis mice, in line with increased TNF-α production and p65 phosphorylation, while similar results were also observed in LPS treated HL-1 cells, which was then reversed by HOTAIR interference. Functional studies demonstrated that HOTAIR showed positive regulation on p65 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, while HOTAIR-induced TNF-α production was repressed by NF-κB inhibitor. Further in vivo studies confirmed that HOTAIR silence can improve cardiac function of sepsis mice, and markedly decreased TNF-α production in the circulation. CONCLUSION HOTAIR upregulation in cardiomyocytes of LPS-induced sepsis mice promoted TNF-α production in the circulation by activating NF-κB, involving the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit. Moreover, HOTAIR silence preserved cardiac function of sepsis mice during LPS-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wu
- Department of Neonate, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Neonate, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neonate, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Neonate, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of Neonate, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen J, Lai J, Yang L, Ruan G, Chaugai S, Ning Q, Chen C, Wang DW. Trimetazidine prevents macrophage-mediated septic myocardial dysfunction via activation of the histone deacetylase sirtuin 1. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 173:545-61. [PMID: 26566260 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response accompanied by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular dysfunction. Importantly, macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory agents play a key role in cardiovascular impairment in sepsis. Here we have investigated the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on pro-inflammatory responses of macrophages in endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice pretreated with TMZ were injected i.p. with LPS and cardiac function evaluated. Levels of macrophage infiltration, macrophage inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were measured using immunohistochemical staining, elisa, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, TUNEL and flow cytometry assays. KEY RESULTS Pretreatment with TMZ prevented LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and apoptosis. TMZ also lowered levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and cardiac tissue and myocardial macrophage infiltration. Bone marrow transplantation indicated that TMZ alleviated LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction via decreasing macrophage infiltration. TMZ reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated cardiac and peritoneal macrophages. Co-culture of TMZ-pretreated macrophages with cardiomyocytes and conditioned media from TMZ-pretreated macrophages both decreased LPS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The anti-apoptosis effects of TMZ resulted from decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines, partly due to normalizing the sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Nrf2/haem oxygenase-1 and Sirt1/PPARα pathways in macrophages. Cytokine secretion was also regulated by ROS, which were attenuated by TMZ via activation of Sirt1, AMPK and PPARα. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS TMZ protected against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and apoptosis, accompanied by inhibition of macrophage pro-inflammatory responses. Our studies suggest that TMZ might represent a novel therapeutic agent to prevent and treat sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoran Ruan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sandip Chaugai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Li X, Hu H, Wang Y, Xue M, Li X, Cheng W, Xuan Y, Yin J, Yang N, Yan S. Valsartan ameliorates KIR2.1 in rats with myocardial infarction via the NF-κB-miR-16 pathway. Gene 2015; 590:201-9. [PMID: 26654716 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs have an important role in regulating arrhythmogenesis. MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) is predicted to target KCNJ2. The regulation of miR-16 is primarily due to NF-κB. Whether valsartan could downregulate miR-16 via the inhibition of NF-κB after MI and whether miR-16 targets KCNJ2 remain unclear. METHODS MI rats received valsartan or saline for 7days. The protein levels of NF-κB p65, inhibitor κBα (IκBα), and Kir2.1 were detected by Western blot analysis. The mRNA levels of Kir2.1 and miR-16 were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Whole cell patch-clamp techniques were applied to record IK1. RESULTS MiR-16 expression was higher in the infarct border, and was accompanied by a depressed IK1/KIR2.1 level. Additionally, miR-16 overexpression suppressed KCNJ2/KIR2.1 expression. In contrast, miR-16 inhibition or binding-site mutation enhanced KCNJ2/KIR2.1 expression, establishing KCNJ2 as a miR-16 target. In the MI rats, compared to saline treatment, valsartan reduced NF-κB p65 and miR-16 expression and increased IκBα and Kir2.1 expression. In vitro, angiotensin II increased miR-16 expression and valsartan inhibited it. Overexpressing miR-16 in cells treated with valsartan abrogated its beneficial effect on KCNJ2/Kir2.1. NF-κB activation directly upregulates miR-16 expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-16 controls KCNJ2 expression, and valsartan ameliorates Kir2.1 after MI partly depending on the NF-κB-miR-16 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongli Xuan
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
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13
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Ghigo A, Franco I, Morello F, Hirsch E. Myocyte signalling in leucocyte recruitment to the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:270-80. [PMID: 24501328 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial damage, by different noxious causes, triggers an inflammatory reaction driving post-injury repair mechanisms and chronic remodelling processes that are largely detrimental to cardiac function. Cardiomyocytes have recently emerged as key players in orchestrating this inflammatory response. Injured cardiomyocytes release damage-associated molecular pattern molecules, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), DNA fragments, heat shock proteins, and matricellular proteins, which instruct surrounding healthy cadiomyocytes to produce inflammatory mediators. These mediators, mainly interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in turn activate versatile signalling networks within surviving cardiomyocytes and trigger leucocyte activation and recruitment. In this review, we will focus on recently characterized signalling pathways activated in cardiomyocytes that mediate inflammatory responses during myocardial infarction, hypertensive heart disease, and myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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Yu X, Jia B, Wang F, Lv X, Peng X, Wang Y, Li H, Wang Y, Lu D, Wang H. α₁ adrenoceptor activation by norepinephrine inhibits LPS-induced cardiomyocyte TNF-α production via modulating ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:263-73. [PMID: 24304472 PMCID: PMC3930413 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production contributes to myocardial depression during sepsis. This study was designed to observe the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocyte TNF-α expression and to further investigate the underlying mechanisms in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and endotoxaemic mice. In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, NE inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α production in a dose-dependent manner. α₁- adrenoceptor (AR) antagonist (prazosin), but neither β₁- nor β₂-AR antagonist, abrogated the inhibitory effect of NE on LPS-stimulated TNF-α production. Furthermore, phenylephrine (PE), an α₁-AR agonist, also suppressed LPS-induced TNF-α production. NE inhibited p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, but enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and c-Fos expression in LPS-treated cardiomyocytes, all of which were reversed by prazosin pre-treatment. To determine whether ERK1/2 regulates c-Fos expression, p38 phosphorylation, NF-κB activation and TNF-α production, cardiomyocytes were also treated with U0126, a selective ERK1/2 inhibitor. Treatment with U0126 reversed the effects of NE on c-Fos expression, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and TNF-α production, but not NF-κB activation in LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes. In addition, pre-treatment with SB202190, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, partly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α production in cardiomyocytes. In endotoxaemic mice, PE promoted myocardial ERK1/2 phosphorylation and c-Fos expression, inhibited p38 phosphorylation and IκBα degradation, reduced myocardial TNF-α production and prevented LPS-provoked cardiac dysfunction. Altogether, these findings indicate that activation of α₁-AR by NE suppresses LPS-induced cardiomyocyte TNF-α expression and improves cardiac dysfunction during endotoxaemia via promoting myocardial ERK phosphorylation and suppressing NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyin Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Faqiang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemei Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daxiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence to: Prof. Huadong WANG, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China., Tel.: 86-20-85220241, Fax: 86-20-85221343, E-mail:
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15
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Hao E, Lang F, Chen Y, Zhang H, Cong X, Shen X, Su G. Resveratrol alleviates endotoxin-induced myocardial toxicity via the Nrf2 transcription factor. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69452. [PMID: 23894482 PMCID: PMC3718737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Septic cardiomyopathy is a severe condition that remains a challenge for clinical management. This study investigated whether the natural polyphenolic compound resveratrol could be used as a prophylactic treatment to alleviate sepsis-related myocardial injury; the underlying molecular mechanisms were deciphered by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods A mouse model of endotoxin-induced cardiomyopathy was developed by intraperitoneal injection of LPS, and resveratrol was administered prophylatically to the animals. Serum LDH and CK activities were measured to detect myocardial injury, and echocardiography was performed to monitor cardiac structure and function. Various cytokines/chemokines and the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system were examined in the heart tissue. The effects of resveratrol on LPS-induced Nrf2 activation, ROS generation, and apoptotic cell death were further investigated in cultured primary human cardiomyocytes. An Nrf2 specific siRNA was used to define its role in resveratrol-mediated cardiomyocyte protective effect. Results Resveratrol pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced myocardial injury in mice, which was associated with suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production and enhanced Nrf2 activation in the heart. In cultured primary human cardiomyocytes, resveratrol activated Nrf2, inhibited LPS-induced ROS generation, and effectively protected the cells from LPS-induced apoptotic cell death. Knockdown of Nrf2 abrogated resveratrol-mediated protection of the cells from LPS-induced cell death. Conclusion Resveratrol effectively alleviates endotoxin-induced cardiac toxicity through mechanisms that involve the Nrf2 antioxidant defense pathway. Our data suggest that resveratrol might be developed as a useful prophylactic management for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkui Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fangfang Lang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Cong
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guohai Su
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Moles A, Sanchez AM, Banks PS, Murphy LB, Luli S, Borthwick L, Fisher A, O’Reilly S, van Laar JM, White SA, Perkins ND, Burt AD, Mann DA, Oakley F. Inhibition of RelA-Ser536 phosphorylation by a competing peptide reduces mouse liver fibrosis without blocking the innate immune response. Hepatology 2013; 57:817-28. [PMID: 22996371 PMCID: PMC3807604 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Phosphorylation of the RelA subunit at serine 536 (RelA-P-Ser536) is important for hepatic myofibroblast survival and is mechanistically implicated in liver fibrosis. Here, we show that a cell-permeable competing peptide (P6) functions as a specific targeted inhibitor of RelA-P-Ser536 in vivo and exerts an antifibrogenic effect in two progressive liver disease models, but does not impair hepatic inflammation or innate immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge. Using kinase assays and western blotting, we confirm that P6 is a substrate for the inhibitory kappa B kinases (IKKs), IKKα and IKKβ, and, in human hepatic myofibroblasts, P6 prevents RelA-P-Ser536, but does not affect IKK activation of IκBα. We demonstrate that RelA-P-Ser536 is a feature of human lung and skin fibroblasts, but not lung epithelial cells, in vitro and is present in sclerotic skin and diseased lungs of patients suffering from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION RelA-P-Ser536 may be a core fibrogenic regulator of fibroblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Moles
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M Sanchez
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Banks
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay B Murphy
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Saimir Luli
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Borthwick
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Fisher
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Steven O’Reilly
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Steven A White
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Neil D Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair D Burt
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Derek A Mann
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom,Address reprint requests to: Fiona Oakley, Ph.D., Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Room M4.158, 4th Floor Leech Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom. E-mail: ; fax: +44 191 222 5455
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17
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Molecular characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, source of regenerative medicine. Int J Cardiol 2013; 163:125-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Wang Y, Liu J, Suo F, Hu HS, Xue M, Cheng WJ, Xuan YL, Yan SH. Metoprolol-Mediated Amelioration of Sympathetic Nerve Sprouting after Myocardial Infarction. Cardiology 2013; 126:50-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000351074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Novel aminobenzyl-acetamidine derivative modulate the differential regulation of NOSs in LPS induced inflammatory response: Role of PI3K/Akt pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:2095-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Pourrajab F, Forouzannia SK, Tabatabaee SA. WITHDRAWN: Molecular Characteristics of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An Appealing Source for Regenerative Medicine. Heart Lung Circ 2012:S1443-9506(12)00258-2. [PMID: 22939816 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2012.04.021. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourrajab
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Quercetin reduces inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated cardiomyoblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:837104. [PMID: 22685622 PMCID: PMC3364695 DOI: 10.1155/2012/837104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids possess several biological and pharmacological activities. Quercetin (Q), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been shown to downregulate inflammatory responses and provide cardioprotection. However, the mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory properties of Q in cardiac cells are poorly understood. In inflammation, nitric oxide (NO) acts as a proinflammatory mediator and is synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in response to pro-inflammatory agents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a causative agent in myocardial depression during sepsis. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effect of Q on rat cardiac dysfunction during sepsis induced by LPS. Pretreatment of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with Q inhibited LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO production and counteracted oxidative stress caused by the unregulated NO production that leads to the generation of peroxynitrite and other reactive nitrogen species. In addition, Q pretreatment significantly counteracted apoptosis cell death as measured by immunoblotting of the cleaved caspase 3 and caspase 3 activity. Q also inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of the stress-activated protein kinases (JNK/SAPK) and p38 MAP kinase that are involved in the inhibition of cell growth as well as the induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, these results suggest that Q might serve as a valuable protective agent in cardiovascular inflammatory diseases.
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Abstract
Inflammatory mediators are operative in the pathogenesis of the most common forms of heart disease. Although in most cases the induction of these pathways is maladaptive and deleterious, there are notable exceptions when inflammatory pathways participate in healing or limiting the extent of injury. The appreciation of the role of these mechanisms in myocardial homeostasis and pathophysiology has led to increased efforts to elucidate the specific signaling pathways most relevant to the heart. Our goal in this introductory overview is to provide context for the five detailed reviews that follow by introducing the major relevant stimuli, the receptors, and pathways that mediate inflammatory signaling in the heart. We try to impart a sense of the scope and complexity of these pathways, as well as their interactions with signaling pathways regulating cell survival and metabolism. These complexities underscore the potential challenges of therapeutically targeting inflammatory mechanisms in heart disease and may help explain the mostly disappointing results of this approach to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Coggins
- Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Niu J, Wang K, Graham S, Azfer A, Kolattukudy PE. MCP-1-induced protein attenuates endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction by suppressing cardiac NF-кB activation via inhibition of IкB kinase activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 51:177-86. [PMID: 21616078 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial contractile dysfunction is a major consequence of septic shock, which is mainly mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB)-dependent production of inflammatory mediators in the heart. A novel zinc-finger protein, MCP-1-induced protein (MCPIP), is thought to have NF-кB inhibitory activity in certain cell cultures, but its pathophysiological consequence in vivo remains undefined. This study aims to clarify whether the anti-inflammatory potency of MCPIP contribute to amelioration of septic myocardial inflammation and dysfunction in vivo. Transgenic mice (TG) with cardiac-specific expression of MCPIP and their littermate wild-type (WT) controls were challenged with Escherichia coli LPS (10mg/kg ip) and myocardial function was assessed 18 h later using echocardiography. LPS administration markedly deteriorated myocardial contractile function evidenced by reduction of the percentage of left ventricular fractional shortening, which was significantly attenuated by myocardial expression of MCPIP. MCPIP TG mice exhibited a markedly reduced myocardial inflammatory cytokines, less of iNOS expression and peroxynitrite formation, decreased caspase-3/7 activities and apoptotic cell death compared with LPS-treated WT mice. Activation of cardiac NF-кB observed in LPS-challenged WT mice was suppressed by the presence of MCPIP, as evidenced by decreased phosphorylation of IкB kinase (IKKα/β), reduced degradation of the cytosolic IкBα, and decreased nuclear translocation of NF-кB p65 subunit and its target DNA-binding activity. These results suggest that MCPIP has therapeutic values to protect heart from inflammatory pathologies, possibly through inhibition of IкB kinase complex, leading to blockade of NF-кB activation, and subsequently, attenuation of the proinflammatory state and nitrosative stress in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Niu
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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S-Propargyl-cysteine (SPRC) attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in H9c2 cells involved in a hydrogen sulfide-dependent mechanism. Amino Acids 2011; 41:205-15. [PMID: 21308383 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempts to investigate the effects of S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC), a sulfur-containing amino acid, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in H9c2 cardiac myocytes. We found that SPRC prevented nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation assessed by NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and IκBα degradation, suppressed LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, incubation of H9c2 cells with SPRC induced phosphorylation of Akt in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, SPRC attenuated LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The effects of SPRC were abolished by cystathionine γ-lyase [CSE-an enzyme that synthesizes hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)] inhibitor, DL: -propargylglycine (PAG), SPRC-induced Akt phosphorylation and TNF-α release was also abolished by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. Furthermore, SPRC also increased LPS-induced down-regulation expression of CSE and H(2)S level in H9c2 cells. PAG abolished SPRC-induced up-regulation of H(2)S level. Therefore, we concluded that SPRC produced an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated H9c2 cells partly through the CSE/H(2)S pathway by impairing IκBα/NF-κB signaling and by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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25
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Zhang T, Feng Q. Nitric oxide and calcium signaling regulate myocardial tumor necrosis factor-α expression and cardiac function in sepsis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:92-104. [PMID: 20237583 DOI: 10.1139/y09-097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, is a critical inducer of myocardial dysfunction in sepsis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanisms through which TNF-alpha production is regulated in cardiomyocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) in sepsis. These mechanisms include Nox2-containing NAD(P)H oxidase, phospholipase C (PLC)gamma1, and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Activation of these pathways increases TNF-alpha expression via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Conversely, activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) negatively regulates TNF-alpha production through inhibition of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK activity. Interestingly, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) promotes TNF-alpha expression by enhancing p38 MAPK activation, whereas neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibits TNF-alpha production by reducing Ca2+-dependent ERK1/2 activity. Therefore, the JNK1 and nNOS inhibitory pathways represent a "brake" that limits myocardial TNF-alpha expression in sepsis. Further understanding of these signal transduction mechanisms may lead to novel pharmacological therapies in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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Rogers TB, Pati S, Gaa S, Riley D, Khakoo AY, Patel S, Wardlow RD, Frederick CA, Hall G, He LP, Lederer WJ. Mesenchymal stem cells stimulate protective genetic reprogramming of injured cardiac ventricular myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010; 50:346-56. [PMID: 20837021 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since massive irreversible loss of cardiac myocytes occurs following myocardial injury, injection of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) has emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention. Despite the growing enthusiasm for this approach, the understanding of how hMSCs evoke cardiac improvement is ever more controversial. The present study critically tests hypothesis that hMSCs provide specific benefit directly to damaged ventricular myocytes. Cultures of neonatal mouse ventricular cardiac myocytes (nMCM) were subjected to two distinct acute stress protocols; incubations with either endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or toxic cytokine, IL-1β. Myocyte injury was assessed in intracellular Ca(2+) signaling assays in fluo-3-loaded nMCMs that were imaged with high temporal resolution by fluorescent microscopy. Following LPS or IL-1β treatment there was profound myocyte injury, manifest by chaotic [Ca(2+)](i) handling, quantified as a 3- to 5-fold increase in spontaneous [Ca(2+)](i) transients. Antibody neutralization experiments reveal such damage is mediated in part by interleukin-18 and not by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Importantly, normal [Ca(2+)](i) signaling was preserved when cardiomyocytes were co-cultured with hMSCs. Since normal [Ca(2+)](i) handling was maintained in transwell cultures, where nMCMs and hMSCs were separated by a permeable membrane, a protective paracrine signaling cascade is operable. hMSCs provoke a genetic reprogramming of cardiomyocytes. LPS provokes release of TNFα from nMCMs which is blocked by hMSCs grown in co- or transwell cultures. Consistent with cytokine release, flow cytometry analyses reveal that hMSCs also block the LPS- and IL-1β-dependent activation of cardiac transcription factor, NF-κB. Importantly, hMSC-conditioned medium restores normal Ca(2+) signaling in LPS- and IL-1β-damaged nMCMs. These results reveal new evidence that hMSCs elicit protective and reparative effects on cardiac tissue through molecular reprogramming of the cardiac myocytes themselves. Thus these studies provide novel new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic benefit of hMSCs in the setting of heart failure. This article is part of a special issue entitled, "Cardiovascular Stem Cells Revisited".
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry B Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Uyanik A, Unal D, Uyanik MH, Halici Z, Odabasoglu F, Altunkaynak ZB, Cadirci E, Keles M, Gundogdu C, Suleyman H, Bayir Y, Albayrak M, Unal B. The effects of polymicrobial sepsis with diabetes mellitus on kidney tissues in ovariectomized rats. Ren Fail 2010; 32:592-602. [PMID: 20486843 DOI: 10.3109/08860221003759478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis model was used to understand the role of sustained hyperglycemia and ovariectomy, either separately or concomitantly, on the response of the activity of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and the oxidative response in kidney. SUBJECTS Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Diabetes was induced in female rats using administration of alloxan. The rats were divided into five groups: sham control (group 1), ovariectomy (group 2), ovariectomy + sepsis (group 3), ovariectomy + diabetes (group 4), and ovariectomy + diabetic + sepsis (group 5). RESULTS In kidney tissues, the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of catalase (CAT) were higher for groups 3, 4, 5 than the control groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was lower for groups 3, 4, 5 than the control groups. We determined that CLP produced injury evident in the kidneys of rats when compared to the control group, whereas the severity of the injury was higher in the diabetes + ovariectomy + CLP group when compared to the CLP group. In immunohistochemical staining, we determined that CLP operation increased NF-kappaB activation. In the ovariectomized, septic, and diabetic group, NF-kappaB activation was significantly higher than other groups. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia and ovariectomy severely increased NF-kappaB activation and oxidant levels with the stages of our sepsis model. Ovariectomy resulted in general changes in metabolism, which are seen in the kidney with diabetes under sepsis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Uyanik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Falvo JV, Tsytsykova AV, Goldfeld AE. Transcriptional control of the TNF gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 11:27-60. [PMID: 20173386 DOI: 10.1159/000289196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine TNF is a critical mediator of immune and inflammatory responses. The TNF gene is an immediate early gene, rapidly transcribed in a variety of cell types following exposure to a broad range of pathogens and signals of inflammation and stress. Regulation of TNF gene expression at the transcriptional level is cell type- and stimulus-specific, involving the recruitment of distinct sets of transcription factors to a compact and modular promoter region. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms through which TNF transcription is specifically activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli in multiple cell types, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, and fibroblasts. We discuss the role of nuclear factor of activated T cells and other transcription factors and coactivators in enhanceosome formation, as well as the contradictory evidence for a role for nuclear factor kappaB as a classical activator of the TNF gene. We describe the impact of evolutionarily conserved cis-regulatory DNA motifs in the TNF locus upon TNF gene transcription, in contrast to the neutral effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms. We also assess the regulatory role of chromatin organization, epigenetic modifications, and long-range chromosomal interactions at the TNF locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- James V Falvo
- Immune Disease Institute and Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Zhu H, Shan L, Schiller PW, Mai A, Peng T. Histone deacetylase-3 activation promotes tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression in cardiomyocytes during lipopolysaccharide stimulation. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:9429-9436. [PMID: 20097764 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.071274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in cardiomyocytes, which contributes to myocardial depression during sepsis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. This study was undertaken to investigate the contribution of histone deacetylase (HDAC) to TNF-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes and the signaling mechanism of LPS-induced HDAC activation. Here, we show for the first time that LPS increases HDAC activity and that inhibition of HDAC decreases LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha expression via the accumulation of NF-kappaB/p65 at the TNF-alpha promoter in cardiomyocytes. Using a positive screen, we have further identified HDAC3 as a specific member of the HDAC family able to regulate TNF-alpha production. Furthermore, our data reveal that LPS-induced HDAC activity is mediated through reactive oxygen species from mitochondria and c-Src signaling. In summary, this study demonstrates a novel signaling mechanism by which LPS via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species/c-Src/HDAC3 pathways mediate TNF-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Zhu
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada; Departments of Medicine, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Limei Shan
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada; Departments of Medicine, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Antonello Mai
- Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco "Sapienza," Università di Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada; Departments of Medicine, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada; Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada.
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Monsalve E, Ruiz-García A, Baladrón V, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Solana B, Rivero S, García-Ramírez JJ, Rubio A, Laborda J, Díaz-Guerra MJM. Notch1 upregulates LPS-induced macrophage activation by increasing NF-κB activity. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39:2556-70. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.200838722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wang X, Zingarelli B, O'Connor M, Zhang P, Adeyemo A, Kranias EG, Wang Y, Fan GC. Overexpression of Hsp20 prevents endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction and apoptosis via inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2009; 47:382-90. [PMID: 19501592 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of cardiovascular dysfunction in sepsis is associated with a significantly increased mortality rate of 70% to 90% compared with 20% in septic patients without cardiovascular impairment. Thus, rectification or blockade of myocardial depressant factors should partly ameliorate sepsis progression. Heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) has been shown to enhance myocardial contractile function and protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. To investigate the possible role of Hsp20 in sepsis-mediated cardiac injury, we first examined the expression profiles of five major Hsps in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, and observed that only the expression of Hsp20 was downregulated in LPS-treated myocardium, suggesting that this decrease might be one of the mechanisms contributing to LPS-induced cardiovascular defects. Further studies using loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches in adult rat cardiomyocytes verified that reduced Hsp20 levels were indeed correlated with the impaired contractile function. In fact, overexpression of Hsp20 significantly enhanced cardiomyocyte contractility upon LPS treatment. Moreover, after administration of LPS (25 microg/g) in vivo, Hsp20 transgenic mice (10-fold overexpression) displayed: 1) an improvement in myocardial function; 2) reduced the degree of cardiac apoptosis; and 3) decreased NF-kappaB activity, accompanied with reduced myocardial cytokines IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production, compared to the LPS-treated non-transgenic littermate controls. Thus, the increases in Hsp20 levels can protect against LPS-induced cardiac apoptosis and dysfunction, associated with inhibition of NF-kappaB activity, suggesting that Hsp20 may be a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
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Dhingra S, Sharma AK, Arora RC, Slezak J, Singal PK. IL-10 attenuates TNF-alpha-induced NF kappaB pathway activation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:59-66. [PMID: 19181934 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We have recently reported that tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) increases oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by upregulating p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) blocked these effects of TNF-alpha by upregulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) MAPK phosphorylation. However, the precise site of this IL-10 action is still unknown, and this is investigated in the present study. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiomyocytes isolated from adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to TNF-alpha (10 ng/mL), IL-10 (10 ng/mL), and IL-10+TNF-alpha (ratio 1) for 4 h. Hydrogen peroxide and antioxidant trolox were used as positive controls. Exposure to TNF-alpha resulted in an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, the number of apoptotic cells, caspase-3 activation, and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Increased oxidative stress by using hydrogen peroxide also caused apoptosis. The changes due to TNF-alpha were associated with an increase in the inhibitor of kappaB kinase (IKK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF kappaB) phosphorylation. IL-10 by itself had no effect, but it prevented the above mentioned TNF-alpha-induced changes. Trolox also mitigated TNF-alpha induced changes. Pre-exposure of cells to an IKK inhibitor (PS-1145) prevented TNF-alpha-induced caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. Inhibition of ERK 1/2 MAPK with PD98059 attenuated the protective role of IL-10 against TNF-alpha-induced activation of IKK and NF kappaB as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION The present study shows that TNF-alpha-induced activation of the NF kappaB pathway plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. IL-10 prevents TNF-alpha-induced NF kappaB activation and pro-apoptotic changes in cardiomyocytes by inhibiting IKK phosphorylation through the activation of ERK 1/2 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Dhingra
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface General Hospital Research Center, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Role of NF-κB/RelA and MAPK Pathways in Keratinocytes in Response to Sulfur Mustard. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128:1626-32. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Liu H, Lee SS. Nuclear factor-kappaB inhibition improves myocardial contractility in rats with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Liver Int 2008; 28:640-8. [PMID: 18346133 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) contribute to the pathogenesis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is crucial for cytokine regulation, and induces cardiac dysfunction in several heart disease models. We aimed to elucidate possible NF-kappaB involvement in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Rats were bile duct ligated (BDL) to produce cirrhosis; controls received sham operation. Animals were studied 4 weeks later. Two NF-kappaB inhibitors were used: pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and Bay 11-7082. Four groups were studied in most protocols: sham control, sham+PDTC, BDL and BDL+PDTC. Additional contractility studies were performed with Bay 11-7082. Myocardial NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha expression was measured by Western blot and ELISA. The contractility of isolated cardiomyocytes was observed under direct microscopy. RESULTS Nuclear factor-kappaB and TNF-alpha levels were increased in cirrhotic hearts compared with controls. PDTC significantly reduced NF-kappaB activity and TNF-alpha expression in cirrhotic hearts; controls were unaffected. Cirrhotic cardiomyocytes showed decreased systolic and diatolic velocity compared with sham controls. Both PDTC and Bay 11-7082 restored contractile function in cirrhotic cardiomyocytes, but did not affect controls. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of the increased NF-kappaB activity in cirrhotic hearts was associated with improvement of attenuated cardiomyocyte contractility. NF-kappaB, via effects on cytokine expression, may contribute to the pathogenesis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqun Liu
- Liver Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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35
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Shen E, Fan J, Peng T. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes during lipopolysaccharide stimulation. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:329-38. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Guan H, Kiss-Toth E, Dower SK. Analysis of innate immune signal transduction with autocatalytic expression vectors. J Immunol Methods 2007; 330:96-108. [PMID: 18155720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Revised: 11/03/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Signalling pathways modulated by the family of IL-1/TLR receptors are central to innate immune responses. Novel components playing key regulatory roles in these pathways continue to be isolated. Here we describe the use of autocatalytic vectors for identifying critical components of these signalling pathways. The method was tested with a vector system where cDNA clones are expressed as EGFP fusion proteins, or in an IRES containing mRNA, combined with a transcription reporter. These constructs are placed under the control of an inducible promoter, responsive to activation of TIR receptors such as IL-1RI or TLR-4. cDNAs which activate the promoter will, when transcribed, form a positive feedback loop. We introduced TIR signalling pathway components into both types of vectors. The components tested regulated reporter (EGFP/luciferase) expression in both cases. Our data suggest that this type of system is capable of selective identification of components from signal transduction pathways once the promoter of a relevant inducible gene is identified from, for example, micro-array experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Guan
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Division of Genomic Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
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Yakovlev VA, Barani IJ, Rabender CS, Black SM, Leach JK, Graves PR, Kellogg GE, Mikkelsen RB. Tyrosine nitration of IkappaBalpha: a novel mechanism for NF-kappaB activation. Biochemistry 2007; 46:11671-83. [PMID: 17910475 PMCID: PMC2678910 DOI: 10.1021/bi701107z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors is an important component of stress-activated cytoprotective signal transduction pathways. Previous studies demonstrated that some activation mechanisms require phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation of the inhibitor protein, IkappaBalpha. Herein, it is demonstrated that ionizing radiation in the therapeutic dose range stimulates NF-kappaB activity by a mechanism in which IkappaBalpha tyrosine 181 is nitrated as a consequence of constitutive NO* synthase activation, leading to dissociation of intact IkappaBalpha from NF-kappaB. This mechanism does not appear to require IkappaBalpha kinase-dependent phosphorylation or proteolytic degradation of IkappaBalpha. Tyrosine 181 is involved in several noncovalent interactions with the p50 subunit of NF-kappaB stabilizing the IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB complex. Evaluation of hydropathic interactions of the IkappaBalpha-p50 complex on the basis of the crystal structure of the complex is consistent with nitration disrupting these interactions and dissociating the IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB complex. Tyrosine nitration is not commonly studied in the context of signal transduction. However, these results indicate that tyrosine nitration is an important post-translational regulatory modification for NF-kappaB activation and possibly for other signaling molecules modulated by mild and transient oxidative and nitrosative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A. Yakovlev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Igor J. Barani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Christopher S. Rabender
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - J. Kevin Leach
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Paul R. Graves
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Glen E. Kellogg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Ross B. Mikkelsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Ross B. Mikkelsen, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, Tel.: (804) 628-0857; Fax: (804) 828-6042; E-Mail:
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Moss NC, Stansfield WE, Willis MS, Tang RH, Selzman CH. IKKbeta inhibition attenuates myocardial injury and dysfunction following acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H2248-53. [PMID: 17675566 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00776.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite years of experimental and clinical research, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) remains an important cause of cardiac morbidity and mortality. The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been implicated as a key mediator of reperfusion injury. Activation of NF-kappaB is dependent upon the phosphorylation of its inhibitor, IkappaBalpha, by the specific inhibitory kappaB kinase (IKK) subunit, IKKbeta. We hypothesized that specific antagonism of the NF-kappaB inflammatory pathway through IKKbeta inhibition reduces acute myocardial damage following IR injury. C57BL/6 mice underwent left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation and release in an experimental model of acute IR. Bay 65-1942, an ATP-competitive inhibitor that selectively targets IKKbeta kinase activity, was administered intraperitoneally either prior to ischemia, at reperfusion, or 2 h after reperfusion. Compared with untreated animals, mice treated with IKKbeta inhibition had significant reduction in left ventricular infarct size. Cardiac function was also preserved following pretreatment with IKKbeta inhibition. These findings were further associated with decreased expression of phosphorylated IkappaBalpha and phosphorylated p65 in myocardial tissue. In addition, IKKbeta inhibition decreased serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, two prototypical downstream effectors of NF-kappaB activity. These results demonstrate that specific IKKbeta inhibition can provide both acute and delayed cardioprotection and offers a clinically accessible target for preventing cardiac injury following IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C Moss
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7065, USA
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Wang BW, Hung HF, Chang H, Kuan P, Shyu KG. Mechanical stretch enhances the expression of resistin gene in cultured cardiomyocytes via tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H2305-12. [PMID: 17573461 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00361.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The heart is a resistin target tissue and can function as an autocrine organ. We sought to investigate whether cyclic mechanical stretch could induce resistin expression in cardiomyocytes and to test whether there is a link between the stretch-induced TNF-alpha and resistin. Neonatal Wistar rat cardiomyocytes grown on a flexible membrane base were stretched by vacuum to 20% of maximum elongation at 60 cycles/min. Cyclic stretch significantly increased resistin protein and mRNA expression after 2-18 h of stretch. Addition of PD-98059, TNF-alpha antibody, TNF-alpha receptor antibody, and ERK MAP kinase small interfering RNA 30 min before stretch inhibited the induction of resistin protein. Cyclic stretch increased, whereas PD-98059 abolished, the phosphorylated ERK protein. Gel-shift assay showed a significant increase in DNA-protein binding activity of NF-kappaB after stretch, and PD-98059 abolished the DNA-protein binding activity induced by cyclic stretch. DNA binding complexes induced by cyclic stretch could be supershifted by p65 monoclonal antibody. Cyclic stretch increased resistin promoter activity, whereas PD-98059 and p65 antibody decreased resistin promoter activity. Cyclic stretch significantly increased TNF-alpha secretion from myocytes. Recombinant resistin protein and conditioned medium from stretched cardiomyocytes reduced glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes, and recombinant small interfering RNA of resistin or TNF-alpha antibody reversed glucose uptake. In conclusion, cyclic mechanical stretch enhances resistin expression in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The stretch-induced resistin is mediated by TNF-alpha, at least in part, through ERK MAP kinase and NF-kappaB pathways. Glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes was reduced by resistin upregulation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical
- Cell Shape
- Cells, Cultured
- Culture Media, Conditioned/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Glucose/metabolism
- Mechanoreceptors/metabolism
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular/drug effects
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular/genetics
- Models, Animal
- Mutation
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Resistin/genetics
- Resistin/metabolism
- Stress, Mechanical
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Wei Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ckless K, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger Y. Oxidative-nitrosative stress and post-translational protein modifications: implications to lung structure-function relations. Arginase modulates NF-kappaB activity via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2007; 36:645-53. [PMID: 17218616 PMCID: PMC1899343 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0329sm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-kappaB is a versatile transcription factor that regulates a wide array of processes, including inflammation and survival, and plays a critical role in the etiology of inflammatory lung diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to play an antiinflammatory role through S-nitrosation of components of NF-kappaB pathway. NO production can be modulated by changing the availability of its substrate, L-arginine. Arginases compete with NO synthases (NOSs) for their common substrate, L-arginine, and thereby have the potential to alter the signaling function of NO. The goal of the present study was to determine the impact of arginase manipulation on NO, and subsequent effects on NF-kappaB activation, in lung epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate that reduction of arginase activity enhanced cellular content of NO and S-nitrosated proteins, and resulted in decreases in TNF-alpha- or LPS-stimulated NF-kappaB DNA binding and transcriptional activity, in association with enhanced S-nitrosation of p50. The effects of arginase inhibition on NF-kappaB were reversed by the generic NOS inhibitor, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), suggesting a causal role for NO in the attenuation of NF-kappaB induced by arginase suppression. Conversely, overexpression of arginase I decreased cellular S-nitrosothiol content and enhanced IkappaB kinase activity and NF-kappaB DNA binding, and decreased S-nitrosation of p50. Collectively, our data point to a regulatory mechanism wherein NF-kappaB is controlled through arginase-dependent regulation of NO levels, which may impact on chronic inflammatory diseases that are accompanied by NF-kappaB activation and upregulation of arginases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ckless
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Khakoo AY, Pati S, Anderson SA, Reid W, Elshal MF, Rovira II, Nguyen AT, Malide D, Combs CA, Hall G, Zhang J, Raffeld M, Rogers TB, Stetler-Stevenson W, Frank JA, Reitz M, Finkel T. Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:1235-47. [PMID: 16636132 PMCID: PMC2121206 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20051921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that both human stem cells and mature stromal cells can play an important role in the development and growth of human malignancies. In contrast to these tumor-promoting properties, we observed that in an in vivo model of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), intravenously (i.v.) injected human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to sites of tumorigenesis and potently inhibit tumor growth. We further show that human MSCs can inhibit the in vitro activation of the Akt protein kinase within some but not all tumor and primary cell lines. The inhibition of Akt activity requires the MSCs to make direct cell-cell contact and can be inhibited by a neutralizing antibody against E-cadherin. We further demonstrate that in vivo, Akt activation within KS cells is potently down-regulated in areas adjacent to MSC infiltration. Finally, the in vivo tumor-suppressive effects of MSCs correlates with their ability to inhibit target cell Akt activity, and KS tumors engineered to express a constitutively activated Akt construct are no longer sensitive to i.v. MSC administration. These results suggest that in contrast to other stem cells or normal stromal cells, MSCs possess intrinsic antineoplastic properties and that this stem cell population might be of particular utility for treating those human malignancies characterized by dysregulated Akt.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Activation/immunology
- Graft vs Tumor Effect/immunology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/immunology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/immunology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/pathology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/therapy
- Stromal Cells/immunology
- Stromal Cells/transplantation
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarif Y Khakoo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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