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McCallinhart PE, Chade AR, Bender SB, Trask AJ. Expanding landscape of coronary microvascular disease in co-morbid conditions: Metabolic disease and beyond. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 192:26-35. [PMID: 38734061 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) and impaired coronary blood flow control are defects that occur early in the pathogenesis of heart failure in cardiometabolic conditions, prior to the onset of atherosclerosis. In fact, recent studies have shown that CMD is an independent predictor of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients with obesity and metabolic disease. CMD is comprised of functional, structural, and mechanical impairments that synergize and ultimately reduce coronary blood flow in metabolic disease and in other co-morbid conditions, including transplant, autoimmune disorders, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, and remote injury-induced CMD. This review summarizes the contemporary state-of-the-field related to CMD in metabolic and these other co-morbid conditions based on mechanistic data derived mostly from preclinical small- and large-animal models in light of available clinical evidence and given the limitations of studying these mechanisms in humans. In addition, we also discuss gaps in current understanding, emerging areas of interest, and opportunities for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E McCallinhart
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Alejandro R Chade
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
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2
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Zuñiga-Mendoza SA, Zayas-Diaz E, Armenta-Velazquez VR, Silva-Baeza AA, Beltran-Ochoa JJ, Medina-Servin MA, Zavala-Cerna MG. Comparison of Small Blood Vessel Diameter with Intravascular Ultrasound and Coronary Angiography for Guidance of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1312. [PMID: 38928727 PMCID: PMC11202878 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Major cardiovascular events (MACEs) are a cause of major mortality worldwide. The narrowing and blockage of coronary arteries with atherosclerotic plaques are diagnosed and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). During this procedure, coronary angiography (CAG) remains the most widely used guidance modality for the evaluation of the affected blood vessel. The measurement of the blood vessel diameter is an important factor to consider in order to decide if stent colocation is suitable for the intervention. In this regard, a small blood vessel (<2.75 mm) is majorly left without stent colocation; however, small vessel coronary artery disease (SvCAD) is a significant risk factor for the recurrence of MACEs, maybe due to the lack of a standardized treatment related to the diameter of the affected blood vessel; therefore, a more precise measurement is needed. The use of CAG for the measurement of the blood vessel diameter has some important limitations that can be improved with the use of newer techniques such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), although at higher costs, which might explain its underuse. To address differences in blood vessel diameter measurements and identify specific cases where IVUS might be of additional benefit for the patient, we conducted a retrospective study in patients who underwent PCI for MACEs with affection for at least one small blood vessel. We compared the measurements of the affected small blood vessels' diameter obtained by CAG and IVUS to identify cases of reclassification of the affected blood vessel; additionally, we underwent a multivariate analysis to identify risk factors associated with blood vessel reclassification. We included information from 48 patients with a mean ± SD age of 69.1 ± 11.9 years; 70.8% were men and 29.2% were women. The mean diameter with CAG and IVUS was 2.1 mm (95% CI 1.9-2.2), and 2.8 (2.8-3.0), respectively. The estimated difference was of 0.8 mm (95% CI 0.7-0.9). We found a significant positive low correlation in diameter measurements of small blood vessels obtained with CAG and IVUS (r = 0.1242 p = 0.014). In total, 37 (77%) patients had a reclassification of the affected blood vessel with IVUS. In 21 cases, the affected blood vessel changed from a small to a medium size (2.75-3.00 mm), and in 15 cases, the affected vessel changed from a small to a large size (<3.00 mm). The Bland-Altman plot was used to evaluate agreement in measurements with CAG and IVUS. The change in blood vessel classification with IVUs was important for the decision of intervention and stent collocation. The only variable associated with reclassification of blood vessels after adjustment in a multivariate analysis was T2D (type 2 diabetes) (p = 0 0.035). Our findings corroborate that blood vessels might appear smaller with CAG, especially in patients with T2D; therefore, at least in these cases, the use of IVUS is recommended over CAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. Zuñiga-Mendoza
- Hospital Regional Valentin Gomez Farias, ISSSTE, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.A.Z.-M.); (J.J.B.-O.); (M.A.M.-S.)
- Unidad Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.Z.-D.); (V.R.A.-V.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Emanuel Zayas-Diaz
- Unidad Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.Z.-D.); (V.R.A.-V.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Victoria R. Armenta-Velazquez
- Unidad Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.Z.-D.); (V.R.A.-V.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Ana A. Silva-Baeza
- Unidad Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.Z.-D.); (V.R.A.-V.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Juan J. Beltran-Ochoa
- Hospital Regional Valentin Gomez Farias, ISSSTE, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.A.Z.-M.); (J.J.B.-O.); (M.A.M.-S.)
| | - Misael A. Medina-Servin
- Hospital Regional Valentin Gomez Farias, ISSSTE, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.A.Z.-M.); (J.J.B.-O.); (M.A.M.-S.)
| | - Maria G. Zavala-Cerna
- Unidad Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.Z.-D.); (V.R.A.-V.); (A.A.S.-B.)
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3
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Liu S, Han Y, Kong L, Wang G, Ye Z. Atomic force microscopy in disease-related studies: Exploring tissue and cell mechanics. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:660-684. [PMID: 38063315 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in human medicine, certain diseases remain challenging to promptly diagnose and treat. Hence, the imperative lies in the development of more exhaustive criteria and tools. Tissue and cellular mechanics exhibit distinctive traits in both normal and pathological states, suggesting that "force" represents a promising and distinctive target for disease diagnosis and treatment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) holds great promise as a prospective clinical medical device due to its capability to concurrently assess surface morphology and mechanical characteristics of biological specimens within a physiological setting. This review presents a comprehensive examination of the operational principles of AFM and diverse mechanical models, focusing on its applications in investigating tissue and cellular mechanics associated with prevalent diseases. The findings from these studies lay a solid groundwork for potential clinical implementations of AFM. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: By examining the surface morphology and assessing tissue and cellular mechanics of biological specimens in a physiological setting, AFM shows promise as a clinical device to diagnose and treat challenging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yibo Han
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingwen Kong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyi Ye
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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4
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Flanary SM, Jo S, Ravichandran R, Alejandro EU, Barocas VH. A computational bridge between traction force microscopy and tissue contraction. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2023; 134:074901. [PMID: 37593660 PMCID: PMC10431945 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Arterial wall active mechanics are driven by resident smooth muscle cells, which respond to biological, chemical, and mechanical stimuli and activate their cytoskeletal machinery to generate contractile stresses. The cellular mechanoresponse is sensitive to environmental perturbations, often leading to maladaptation and disease progression. When investigated at the single cell scale, however, these perturbations do not consistently result in phenotypes observed at the tissue scale. Here, a multiscale model is introduced that translates microscale contractility signaling into a macroscale, tissue-level response. The microscale framework incorporates a biochemical signaling network along with characterization of fiber networks that govern the anisotropic mechanics of vascular tissue. By incorporating both biochemical and mechanical components, the model is more flexible and more broadly applicable to physiological and pathological conditions. The model can be applied to both cell and tissue scale systems, allowing for the analysis of in vitro, traction force microscopy and ex vivo, isometric contraction experiments in parallel. When applied to aortic explant rings and isolated smooth muscle cells, the model predicts that active contractility is not a function of stretch at intermediate strain. The model also successfully predicts cell-scale and tissue-scale contractility and matches experimentally observed behaviors, including the hypercontractile phenotype caused by chronic hyperglycemia. The connection of the microscale framework to the macroscale through the multiscale model presents a framework that can translate the wealth of information already collected at the cell scale to tissue scale phenotypes, potentially easing the development of smooth muscle cell-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M. Flanary
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Rohit Ravichandran
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Emilyn U. Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Victor H. Barocas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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5
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Wang G, Luo Y, Gao X, Liang Y, Yang F, Wu J, Fang D, Luo M. MicroRNA regulation of phenotypic transformations in vascular smooth muscle: relevance to vascular remodeling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:144. [PMID: 37165163 PMCID: PMC11071847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) phenotype play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length) that function as regulators in various physiological and pathophysiological events. Recent studies have suggested that aberrant miRNAs' expression might underlie VSMC phenotypic transformation, appearing to regulate the phenotypic transformations of VSMCs by targeting specific genes that either participate in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype or contribute to the transformation to alternate phenotypes, and affecting atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease by altering VSMC proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, calcification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, suggesting an important regulatory role in vascular remodeling for maintaining vascular homeostasis. This review outlines recent progress in the discovery of miRNAs and elucidation of their mechanisms of action and functions in VSMC phenotypic regulation. Importantly, as the literature supports roles for miRNAs in modulating vascular remodeling and for maintaining vascular homeostasis, this area of research will likely provide new insights into clinical diagnosis and prognosis and ultimately facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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6
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Xing H, Huang Y, Kunkemoeller BH, Dahl PJ, Muraleetharan O, Malvankar NS, Murrell MP, Kyriakides TR. Dysregulation of TSP2-Rac1-WAVE2 axis in diabetic cells leads to cytoskeletal disorganization, increased cell stiffness, and dysfunction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22474. [PMID: 36577792 PMCID: PMC9797577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are a major cell population that perform critical functions in the wound healing process. In response to injury, they proliferate and migrate into the wound space, engaging in extracellular matrix (ECM) production, remodeling, and contraction. However, there is limited knowledge of how fibroblast functions are altered in diabetes. To address this gap, several state-of-the-art microscopy techniques were employed to investigate morphology, migration, ECM production, 2D traction, 3D contraction, and cell stiffness. Analysis of cell-derived matrix (CDM) revealed that diabetic fibroblasts produce thickened and less porous ECM that hindered migration of normal fibroblasts. In addition, diabetic fibroblasts were found to lose spindle-like shape, migrate slower, generate less traction force, exert limited 3D contractility, and have increased cell stiffness. These changes were due, in part, to a decreased level of active Rac1 and a lack of co-localization between F-actin and Waskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin homologous protein 2 (WAVE2). Interestingly, deletion of thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) in diabetic fibroblasts rescued these phenotypes and restored normal levels of active Rac1 and WAVE2-F-actin co-localization. These results provide a comprehensive view of the extent of diabetic fibroblast dysfunction, highlighting the regulatory role of the TSP2-Rac1-WAVE2-actin axis, and describing a new function of TSP2 in regulating cytoskeleton organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Yaqing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Britta H Kunkemoeller
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Peter J Dahl
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | | | - Nikhil S Malvankar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Michael P Murrell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, USA.,Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, USA. .,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, USA.
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7
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Connecting Aortic Stiffness to Vascular Contraction: Does Sex Matter? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911314. [PMID: 36232616 PMCID: PMC9569837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to connect aortic stiffness to vascular contraction in young male and female Wistar rats. We hypothesized that female animals display reduced intrinsic media-layer stiffness, which associates with improved vascular function. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoindentation analysis was used to derive stiffness (Young’s modulus) in biaxially (i.e., longitudinal and circumferential) unloaded aortic rings. Reactivity studies compatible with uniaxial loading (i.e., circumferential) were used to assess vascular responses to a selective α1 adrenergic receptor agonist in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium. Elastin and collagen levels were indirectly evaluated with fluorescence microscopy and a picrosirius red staining kit, respectively. We report that male and female Wistar rats display similar AFM-derived aortic media-layer stiffness, even though female animals withstand higher aortic intima-media thickness-to-diameter ratio than males. Female animals also present reduced phenylephrine-induced aortic force development in concentration-response and time-force curves. Specifically, we observed impaired force displacement in both parts of the contraction curve (Aphasic and Atonic) in experiments conducted with and without extracellular calcium. Additionally, collagen levels were lower in female animals without significant elastin content and fragmentation changes. In summary, sex-related functional differences in isolated aortas appear to be related to dissimilarities in the dynamics of vascular reactivity and extracellular matrix composition rather than a direct response to a shift in intrinsic media-layer stiffness.
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8
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Ogola BO, Abshire CM, Visniauskas B, Kiley JX, Horton AC, Clark GL, Kilanowski-Doroh I, Diaz Z, Bicego AN, McNally AB, Zimmerman MA, Groban L, Trask AJ, Miller KS, Lindsey SH. Sex Differences in Vascular Aging and Impact of GPER Deletion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H336-H349. [PMID: 35749718 PMCID: PMC9306784 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00238.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a nonmodifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease associated with arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesized that sex differences exist in vascular aging processes and would be attenuated by global deletion of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff plethysmography, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and echocardiography were assessed with high resolution ultrasound, and small vessel reactivity was measured using wire myography in adult (25 weeks) and middle-aged (57 weeks) male and female mice. Adult female mice displayed lower blood pressure and PWV, but this sex difference was absent in middle-aged mice. Aging significantly increased PWV but not blood pressure in both sexes. Adult female carotids were more distensible than males, but this sex difference was lost during aging. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was greater in female than male mice at both ages, and only males showed aging-induced changes in cardiac hypertrophy and function. GPER deletion removed the sex difference in PWV as well as ex vivo stiffness in adult mice. The sex difference in blood pressure was absent in KO mice and was associated with endothelial dysfunction in females. These findings indicate that the impact of aging on arterial stiffening and endothelial function is not the same in male and female mice. Moreover, nongenomic estrogen signaling through GPER impacted vascular phenotype differently in male and female mice. Delineating sex differences in vascular changes during healthy aging is an important first step in improving early detection and sex-specific treatments in our aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard O Ogola
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
| | - Caleb M Abshire
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Jasmine X Kiley
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA
| | - Alec C Horton
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
| | - Gabrielle L Clark
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Zaidmara Diaz
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
| | - Anne N Bicego
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
| | | | | | - Leanne Groban
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Kristin S Miller
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA
| | - Sarah H Lindsey
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA
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9
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Heather LC, Hafstad AD, Halade GV, Harmancey R, Mellor KM, Mishra PK, Mulvihill EE, Nabben M, Nakamura M, Rider OJ, Ruiz M, Wende AR, Ussher JR. Guidelines on Models of Diabetic Heart Disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H176-H200. [PMID: 35657616 PMCID: PMC9273269 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00058.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. As cardiovascular disease represents the number one cause of death in people with diabetes, there has been a major emphasis on understanding the mechanisms by which diabetes promotes cardiovascular disease, and how antidiabetic therapies impact diabetic heart disease. With a wide array of models to study diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), the field has made major progress in answering these questions. However, each model has its own inherent limitations. Therefore, the purpose of this guidelines document is to provide the field with information on which aspects of cardiovascular disease in the human diabetic population are most accurately reproduced by the available models. This review aims to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of each model, and to highlight the practical challenges and technical considerations involved. We will review the preclinical animal models of diabetes (based on their method of induction), appraise models of diabetes-related atherosclerosis and heart failure, and discuss in vitro models of diabetic heart disease. These guidelines will allow researchers to select the appropriate model of diabetic heart disease, depending on the specific research question being addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anne D Hafstad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Romain Harmancey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Departments of Genetics and Cell Biology, and Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, CARIM School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michinari Nakamura
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Oliver J Rider
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adam R Wende
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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10
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Ogola BO, Clark GL, Abshire CM, Harris NR, Gentry KL, Gunda SS, Kilanowski-Doroh I, Wong TJ, Visniauskas B, Lawrence DJ, Zimmerman MA, Bayer CL, Groban L, Miller KS, Lindsey SH. Sex and the G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Impact Vascular Stiffness. Hypertension 2021; 78:e1-e14. [PMID: 34024124 PMCID: PMC8192475 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard O. Ogola
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gabrielle L. Clark
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Caleb M. Abshire
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Kaylee L. Gentry
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shreya S. Gunda
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Tristen J. Wong
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Dylan J. Lawrence
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Carolyn L. Bayer
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kristin S. Miller
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
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11
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Wenceslau CF, McCarthy CG, Earley S, England SK, Filosa JA, Goulopoulou S, Gutterman DD, Isakson BE, Kanagy NL, Martinez-Lemus LA, Sonkusare SK, Thakore P, Trask AJ, Watts SW, Webb RC. Guidelines for the measurement of vascular function and structure in isolated arteries and veins. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H77-H111. [PMID: 33989082 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01021.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of vascular function in isolated vessels has revealed important insights into the structural, functional, and biomechanical features of the normal and diseased cardiovascular system and has provided a molecular understanding of the cells that constitutes arteries and veins and their interaction. Further, this approach has allowed the discovery of vital pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular diseases. However, the expansion of the vascular physiology field has also brought new concerns over scientific rigor and reproducibility. Therefore, it is appropriate to set guidelines for the best practices of evaluating vascular function in isolated vessels. These guidelines are a comprehensive document detailing the best practices and pitfalls for the assessment of function in large and small arteries and veins. Herein, we bring together experts in the field of vascular physiology with the purpose of developing guidelines for evaluating ex vivo vascular function. By using this document, vascular physiologists will have consistency among methodological approaches, producing more reliable and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla F Wenceslau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Cameron G McCarthy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Sarah K England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jessica A Filosa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nancy L Kanagy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Pratish Thakore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Heart Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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12
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Liu L, Dharmadhikari S, Shontz KM, Tan ZH, Spector BM, Stephens B, Bergman M, Manning A, Zhao K, Reynolds SD, Breuer CK, Chiang T. Regeneration of partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds in a mouse model of orthotopic tracheal replacement. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211017417. [PMID: 34164107 PMCID: PMC8188978 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211017417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized tracheal scaffolds offer a potential solution for the repair of long-segment tracheal defects. However, complete decellularization of trachea is complicated by tracheal collapse. We created a partially decellularized tracheal scaffold (DTS) and characterized regeneration in a mouse model of tracheal transplantation. All cell populations except chondrocytes were eliminated from DTS. DTS maintained graft integrity as well as its predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We then assessed the performance of DTS in vivo. Grafts formed a functional epithelium by study endpoint (28 days). While initial chondrocyte viability was low, this was found to improve in vivo. We then used atomic force microscopy to quantify micromechanical properties of DTS, demonstrating that orthotopic implantation and graft regeneration lead to the restoration of native tracheal rigidity. We conclude that DTS preserves the cartilage ECM, supports neo-epithelialization, endothelialization and chondrocyte viability, and can serve as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumei Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sayali Dharmadhikari
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly M Shontz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zheng Hong Tan
- Collage of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Barak M Spector
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brooke Stephens
- Collage of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maxwell Bergman
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy Manning
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Susan D Reynolds
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher K Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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13
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McCallinhart PE, Scandling BW, Trask AJ. Coronary remodeling and biomechanics: Are we going with the flow in 2020? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 320:H584-H592. [PMID: 33185115 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00634.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Under normal conditions, coronary blood flow (CBF) provides critical blood supply to the myocardium so that it can appropriately meet the metabolic demands of the body. Dogmatically, there exist several known regulators and modulators of CBF that include local metabolites and neurohormonal factors that can influence the function of the coronary circulation. In disease states such as diabetes and myocardial ischemia, these regulators are impaired or shifted such that CBF is reduced. Although functional considerations have been and continued to be well studied, more recent evidence builds upon established studies that collectively suggest that the relative roles of coronary structure, biomechanics, and the influence of cardiac biomechanics via extravascular compression may also play a significant role in dictating CBF. In this mini review, we discuss these regulators of CBF under normal and pathophysiological conditions and their potential influence on the control of CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E McCallinhart
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Heart Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Benjamin W Scandling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Heart Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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