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Alruwaili N, Kandhi S, Froogh G, Kelly MR, Sun D, Wolin MS. Superoxide-Mediated Upregulation of MMP9 Participates in BMPR2 Destabilization and Pulmonary Hypertension Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1961. [PMID: 38001814 PMCID: PMC10669489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS we previously reported in studies on organoid-cultured bovine pulmonary arteries that pulmonary hypertension (PH) conditions of exposure to hypoxia or endothelin-1 caused a loss of a cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) stabilization of bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 (BMPR2) function, a known key process contributing to pulmonary hypertension development. Based on subsequent findings, these conditions were associated with an extracellular superoxide-mediated increase in matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression. We investigated if this contributed to PH development using mice deficient in MMP9. RESULTS wild-type (WT) mice exposed to Sugen/Hypoxia (SuHx) to induce PH had increased levels of MMP9 in their lungs. Hemodynamic measures from MMP9 knockout mice (MMP9 KO) indicated they had attenuated PH parameters compared to WT mice based on an ECHO assessment of pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure, and Fulton index hypertrophy measurements. In vitro vascular reactivity studies showed impaired endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent NO-associated vasodilatory responses in the pulmonary arteries of SuHx mice and decreased lung levels of COMP and BMPR2 expression. These changes were attenuated in MMP9 KO mice potentially through preserving COMP-dependent stabilization of BMPR2. INNOVATION this study supports a new function of superoxide in increasing MMP9 and the associated impairment of BMPR2 in promoting PH development which could be a target for future therapies. CONCLUSION superoxide, through promoting increases in MMP9, mediates BMPR2 depletion and its consequent control of vascular function in response to PH mediators and the SuHx mouse model of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Ghezal Froogh
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Melissa R. Kelly
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Michael S. Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.A.); (D.S.)
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Luo Z, Yao J, Wang Z, Xu J. Mitochondria in endothelial cells angiogenesis and function: current understanding and future perspectives. J Transl Med 2023; 21:441. [PMID: 37407961 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) angiogenesis is the process of sprouting new vessels from the existing ones, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as wound healing, placentation, ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular diseases and cancer metastasis. Although mitochondria are not the major sites of energy source in ECs, they function as important biosynthetic and signaling hubs to regulate ECs metabolism and adaptations to local environment, thus affecting ECs migration, proliferation and angiogenic process. The understanding of the importance and potential mechanisms of mitochondria in regulating ECs metabolism, function and the process of angiogenesis has developed in the past decades. Thus, in this review, we discuss the current understanding of mitochondrial proteins and signaling molecules in ECs metabolism, function and angiogeneic signaling, to provide new and therapeutic targets for treatment of diverse cardiovascular and angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Yao
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
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Yu H, Alruwaili N, Kelly MR, Zhang B, Liu A, Wang Y, Sun D, Wolin MS. Endothelin-1 depletion of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein modulates pulmonary artery superoxide and iron metabolism-associated mitochondrial heme biosynthesis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L400-L409. [PMID: 35943724 PMCID: PMC9484992 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00534.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines if heme biosynthesis-associated iron metabolism is regulated in pulmonary arteries by endothelin-1 (ET1) potentially through modulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) availability. Our studies in organoid-cultured endothelium-rubbed bovine pulmonary arteries (BPAs) observed COMP depletion by siRNA or hypoxia increases NOX2 and superoxide and depletes mitochondrial SOD2. ET1 also increases superoxide in a manner that potentially impairs mitochondrial heme biosynthesis. In this study, organoid culture of BPA with ET1 (10 nM) increases superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix and extramitochondrial regions associated with COMP depletion, and COMP (0.5 μM) inhibited these superoxide increases. As mitochondrial matrix superoxide could impair heme biosynthesis from protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by decreasing Fe2+ availability and/or ferrochelatase (FECH), we studied ET1, COMP, and COMP siRNA effects on the expression of FECH, transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1, an indicator of iron availability) and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC, a key heme-dependent protein), and on measurements of PpIX (HPLC) and heme content. ET1 decreased FECH, heme, and sGC, and increased TfR1 and iron. COMP reversed these effects of ET1, and COMP decreased PpIX and increased heme in the absence of ET1. COMP siRNA increased PpIX detection and TfR1 expression and decreased the expression of FECH and sGC. Nitric oxide (spermine NONOate) relaxation of BPA was inhibited by ET1, and this was attenuated by COMP during exposure to ET1. Thus, COMP depletion by ET1 or siRNA modulates pulmonary artery iron metabolism, which results in loss of heme biosynthesis and heme-dependent cGMP mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Melissa R Kelly
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yingqi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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4
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Sabe SA, Feng J, Sellke FW, Abid MR. Mechanisms and clinical implications of endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction in coronary microvasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H819-H841. [PMID: 35333122 PMCID: PMC9018047 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00603.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular disease (CMD), which affects the arterioles and capillary endothelium that regulate myocardial perfusion, is an increasingly recognized source of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the setting of metabolic syndrome. The coronary endothelium plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, though factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity can contribute to endothelial injury and consequently arteriolar vasomotor dysfunction. These disturbances in the coronary microvasculature clinically manifest as diminished coronary flow reserve, which is a known independent risk factor for cardiac death, even in the absence of macrovascular atherosclerotic disease. Therefore, a growing body of literature has examined the molecular mechanisms by which coronary microvascular injury occurs at the level of the endothelium and the consequences on arteriolar vasomotor responses. This review will begin with an overview of normal coronary microvascular physiology, modalities of measuring coronary microvascular function, and clinical implications of CMD. These introductory topics will be followed by a discussion of recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms by which inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, shear stress, endothelial cell senescence, and tissue ischemia dysregulate coronary endothelial homeostasis and arteriolar vasomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif A Sabe
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jun Feng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
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Tawa M, Nakano K, Yamashita Y, He Q, Masuoka T, Okamura T, Ishibashi T. Alteration of the soluble guanylate cyclase system in coronary arteries of high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00838. [PMID: 34289251 PMCID: PMC8294056 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how atherosclerosis affects the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) system in coronary arteries. Rabbits were fed a normal diet for 12 weeks (N group) or a diet containing high cholesterol (1%) for 4 weeks (S-HC group) and 12 weeks (L-HC group). Cholesterol deposition in the intima of coronary arteries was observed in the S-HC group, but the formation of an atherosclerotic plaque was not observed. In contrast, a major plaque developed in the L-HC group. The relaxant response of isolated coronary arteries to sodium nitroprusside (SNP, nitric oxide donor) was not different between the N and S-HC groups, whereas the response in the L-HC group was markedly attenuated. The relaxation induced by BAY 60-2770 (sGC activator) tended to be augmented in the S-HC group, but it was significantly impaired in the L-HC group compared to that in the N group. sGC β1 immunostaining was equally detected in the medial layer of the arteries among the N, S-HC, and L-HC groups. In addition, a strong staining was observed in the plaque region of the L-HC group. cGMP levels in the arteries stimulated with SNP were identical in the N and S-HC groups and slightly lower in the L-HC group than the other groups. BAY 60-2770-stimulated cGMP formation tended to be increased in the S-HC and L-HC groups. These findings suggest that the sGC system was not normal in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The redox state of sGC and the distribution pattern are likely to change with the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tawa
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
- Present address:
Department of Pathological and Molecular PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiOsakaJapan
| | - Katsuya Nakano
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
| | - Yuka Yamashita
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
| | - Qiang He
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
| | - Takayoshi Masuoka
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
| | | | - Takaharu Ishibashi
- Department of PharmacologyKanazawa Medical UniversityKahokuIshikawaJapan
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Abstract
A link between oxidative stress and hypertension has been firmly established in multiple animal models of hypertension but remains elusive in humans. While initial studies focused on inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide, our understanding of relevant reactive oxygen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite) and how they modify complex signaling pathways to promote hypertension has expanded significantly. In this review, we summarize recent advances in delineating the primary and secondary sources of reactive oxygen species (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria), the posttranslational oxidative modifications they induce on protein targets important for redox signaling, their interplay with endogenous antioxidant systems, and the role of inflammasome activation and endoplasmic reticular stress in the development of hypertension. We highlight how oxidative stress in different organ systems contributes to hypertension, describe new animal models that have clarified the importance of specific proteins, and discuss clinical studies that shed light on how these processes and pathways are altered in human hypertension. Finally, we focus on the promise of redox proteomics and systems biology to help us fully understand the relationship between ROS and hypertension and their potential for designing and evaluating novel antihypertensive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy K Griendling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Livia L Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Francisco Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Rhéure Alves-Lopes
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
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Kar SK, Wells JM, Ellen ED, Te Pas MFW, Madsen O, Groenen MAM, Woelders H. Organoids: a promising new in vitro platform in livestock and veterinary research. Vet Res 2021; 52:43. [PMID: 33691792 PMCID: PMC7943711 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are self-organizing, self-renewing three-dimensional cellular structures that resemble organs in structure and function. They can be derived from adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. They contain most of the relevant cell types with a topology and cell-to-cell interactions resembling that of the in vivo tissue. The widespread and increasing adoption of organoid-based technologies in human biomedical research is testament to their enormous potential in basic, translational- and applied-research. In a similar fashion there appear to be ample possibilities for research applications of organoids from livestock and companion animals. Furthermore, organoids as in vitro models offer a great possibility to reduce the use of experimental animals. Here, we provide an overview of studies on organoids in livestock and companion animal species, with focus on the methods developed for organoids from a variety of tissues/organs from various animal species and on the applications in veterinary research. Current limitations, and ongoing research to address these limitations, are discussed. Further, we elaborate on a number of fields of research in animal nutrition, host-microbe interactions, animal breeding and genomics, and animal biotechnology, in which organoids may have great potential as an in vitro research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya K Kar
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther D Ellen
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus F W Te Pas
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ole Madsen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A M Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henri Woelders
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Yamagata K. Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease by n-3 Fatty Acids-Inhibiting Action on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:3652-3666. [PMID: 32242776 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200403121952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials have shown the protective effect of n-3 fatty acids against cardiovascular disease (CVD). The effect of n-3 fatty acids on vascular endothelial cells indicates their possible role in CVD prevention. OBJECTIVE Here, we describe the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on endothelial dysfunction-caused by inflammation and oxidative stress-and their role in the development of CVD. METHODS We reviewed epidemiological studies done on n-3 fatty acids in CVD. The effect of DHA and EPA on vascular endothelial cells was examined with regard to changes in various markers, such as arteriosclerosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, using cell and animal models. RESULTS Epidemiological studies revealed that dietary intake of EPA and DHA was associated with a reduced risk of various CVDs. EPA and DHA inhibited various events involved in arteriosclerosis development by preventing oxidative stress and inflammation associated with endothelial cell damage. In particular, EPA and DHA prevented endothelial cell dysfunction mediated by inflammatory responses and oxidative stress induced by events related to CVD. DHA and EPA also increased eNOS activity and induced nitric oxide production. CONCLUSION The effects of DHA and EPA on vascular endothelial cell damage and dysfunction may involve the induction of nitric oxide, in addition to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. n-3 fatty acids inhibit endothelial dysfunction and prevent arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the intake of n-3 fatty acids may prevent CVDs, like myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamagata
- College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University (UNBS), Kanagawa, Japan
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Benzo[a]pyrene Perturbs Mitochondrial and Amino Acid Metabolism in Lung Epithelial Cells and Has Similar Correlations With Metabolic Changes in Human Serum. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 61 Suppl 12:S73-S81. [PMID: 31800453 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A study was conducted to identifymetabolic-related effects of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on human lung epithelial cells and validate these findings using human sera. METHODS Human lung epithelial cells were treated with BaP, and extracts were analyzed with a global metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) to test for pathways and metabolites altered relative to vehicle controls. RESULTS MWAS results showed that BaP metabolites were among the top metabolites differing between BaP-treated cells and controls. Pathway enrichment analysis further confirmed that fatty acid, lipid, and mitochondrial pathways were altered by BaP. Human sera analysis showed that lipids varied with BaP concentration. BaP associations with amino acid metabolism were found in both models. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that BaP has broad metabolic effects, and suggest that air pollution exacerbates disease processes by altered mitochondrial and amino acid metabolism.
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Eicosanoids and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060520. [PMID: 32545552 PMCID: PMC7346161 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor to cause the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) because the retina has high vascularization and long-time light exposition. Cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can convert arachidonic acid (AA) into eicosanoids, which are important lipid mediators to regulate DR development. COX-derived metabolites appear to be significant factors causative to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. Several elegant studies have unraveled the importance of LOX-derived eicosanoids, including LTs and HETEs, to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. The role of CYP eicosanoids in DR is yet to be explored. There is clear evidence that CYP-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have detrimental effects on the retina. Our recent study showed that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation augments retinal soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a crucial enzyme degrading EETs. Our findings suggest that EETs blockade can enhance the ability of RAS blockade to prevent or mitigate microvascular damage in DR. This review will focus on the critical information related the function of these eicosanoids in the retina, the interaction between eicosanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the involvement of eicosanoids in DR. We also identify potential targets for the treatment of DR.
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Wang MH, Ibrahim AS, Hsiao G, Tawfik A, Al-Shabrawey M. A novel interaction between soluble epoxide hydrolase and the AT1 receptor in retinal microvascular damage. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 148:106449. [PMID: 32360774 PMCID: PMC7728430 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies have suggested that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be a promising therapeutic target in treating diabetic retinopathy (DR). While AT1 receptor blockade decreased the incidence of DR in the DIRECT trial, it did not reduce the DR progression. Lack of understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal microvascular damage induced by RAS is a critical barrier to the use of RAS blockade in preventing or treating DR. The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and the AT1 receptor in Angiotensin II (Ang II)- and diabetes-induced retinal microvascular damage. We demonstrate that Ang II increases retinal sEH levels, which is blunted by an AT1 blocker; administration of 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) exacerbates intravitreal Ang II-induced retinal albumin leakage; while sEH knockout (KO) and blockade reduce Ang II-induced retinal vascular remodeling, sEH KO causes retinal vascular leakage in Ang II-sEH KO mice; and sEH KO potentiates diabetes-induced retinal damage via promoting retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) but reducing expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). Our studies hold the promise of providing a new strategy, the use of combined EETs blockade with AT1 blocker, to prevent or reduce DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Heng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Ahmed S Ibrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual, and Anatomical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Amany Tawfik
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, USA; Culver Vision Discovery Institute and Ophthalmology, USA
| | - Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, USA; Culver Vision Discovery Institute and Ophthalmology, USA.
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Yu H, Alruwaili N, Hu B, Kelly MR, Zhang B, Sun D, Wolin MS. Potential role of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the modulation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle superoxide by hypoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L569-L577. [PMID: 31389735 PMCID: PMC6879907 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00080.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in reactive oxygen species and extracellular matrix seem to participate in pulmonary hypertension development. Because we recently reported evidence for chronic hypoxia decreasing expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and evidence for this controlling loss of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 (BMPR2) and contractile phenotype proteins, we examined if changes in superoxide metabolism could be an important factor in a bovine pulmonary artery (BPA), organoid cultured under hypoxia for 48 h model. Hypoxia (3% O2) caused a depletion of COMP in BPA, but not in bovine coronary arteries. Knockdown of COMP by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) increased BPA levels of mitochondrial and extra-mitochondrial superoxide detected by MitoSOX and dihydroethidium (DHE) HPLC products. COMP siRNA-treated BPA showed reduced levels of SOD2 and SOD3 and increased levels of NADPH oxidases NOX2 and NOX4. Hypoxia increased BPA levels of MitoSOX-detected superoxide and caused changes in NOX2 and SOD2 expression similar to COMP siRNA, and exogenous COMP (0.5 μM) prevented the effects of hypoxia. In the presence of COMP, BMPR2 siRNA-treated BPA showed increases in superoxide detected by MitoSOX and depletion of SOD2. Superoxide scavengers (0.5 μM TEMPO or mitoTEMPO) maintained the expression of contractile phenotype proteins calponin and SM22α decreased by 48 h hypoxia (1% O2). Adenoviral delivery of BMPR2 to rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells prevented the depletion of calponin and SM22α by COMP siRNA. Thus, COMP regulation of BMPR2 appears to have an important role in controlling hypoxia-elicited changes in BPA superoxide and its potential regulation of contractile phenotype proteins.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/genetics
- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein/metabolism
- Cattle
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heart/drug effects
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 2/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism
- Oxygen/pharmacology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Superoxide Dismutase/genetics
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Melissa R Kelly
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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13
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Matsumoto H. Editorial Comment from Dr Matsumoto to Intraoperative hypotension caused by oral administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid for photodynamic diagnosis in patients with bladder cancer. Int J Urol 2019; 26:1069-1070. [PMID: 31587380 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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14
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Alruwaili N, Kandhi S, Sun D, Wolin MS. Metabolism and Redox in Pulmonary Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:752-769. [PMID: 30403147 PMCID: PMC6708269 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: This review considers how some systems controlling pulmonary vascular function are potentially regulated by redox processes to examine how and why conditions such as prolonged hypoxia, pathological mediators, and other factors promoting vascular remodeling contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Recent Advances and Critical Issues: Aspects of vascular remodeling induction mechanisms described are associated with shifts in glucose metabolism through the pentose phosphate pathway and increased cytosolic NADPH generation by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, increased glycolysis generation of cytosolic NADH and lactate, mitochondrial dysfunction associated with superoxide dismutase-2 depletion, changes in reactive oxygen species and iron metabolism, and redox signaling. Future Directions: The regulation and impact of hypoxia-inducible factor and the function of cGMP-dependent and redox regulation of protein kinase G are considered for their potential roles as key sensors and coordinators of redox and metabolic processes controlling the progression of vascular pathophysiology in PH, and how modulating aspects of metabolic and redox regulatory systems potentially function in beneficial therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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Yang L, Song Y, Zeng M, Du Y, Peng B, Huang Z, Wang L. Luminescent SiO2@Tb/guanosine 5′-monophosphate core-shell nanoscale coordination polymers for superoxide anion detection. Talanta 2019; 191:74-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Inhibition of ferrochelatase impairs vascular eNOS/NO and sGC/cGMP signaling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200307. [PMID: 29985945 PMCID: PMC6037352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrochelatase (FECH) is an enzyme necessary for heme synthesis, which is essential for maintaining normal functions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of vascular FECH to attenuate heme synthesis downregulates eNOS and sGC expression, resulting in impaired NO/cGMP-dependent relaxation. To this end, isolated bovine coronary arteries (BCAs) were in vitro incubated without (as controls) or with N-methyl protoporphyrin (NMPP; 10−5–10-7M; a selective FECH antagonist) for 24 and 72 hours respectively. Tissue FECH activity, heme, nitrite/NO and superoxide levels were sequentially measured. Protein expression of FECH, eNOS and sGC was detected by western blot analysis. Vascular responses to various vasoactive agents were evaluated via isometric tension studies. Treatment of BCAs with NMPP initiated a time- and dose-dependent attenuation of FECH activity without changes in its protein expression, followed by significant reduction in the heme level. Moreover, ACh-induced relaxation and ACh-stimulated release of NO were significant reduced, associated with suppression of eNOS protein expression in NMPP-treated groups. Decreased relaxation to NO donor spermine-NONOate reached the statistical significance in BCAs incubated with NMPP for 72 hours, concomitantly with downregulation of sGCβ1 expression that was independent of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), nor did it significantly affect BCA relaxation caused by BAY 58–2667 that activates sGC in the heme-deficiency. Neither vascular responses to non-NO/sGC-mediators nor production of superoxide was affected by NMPP-treatment. In conclusion, deletion of vascular heme production via inhibiting FECH elicits downregulation of eNOS and sGC expression, leading to an impaired NO-mediated relaxation in an oxidative stress-independent manner.
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Redox Mechanisms Influencing cGMP Signaling in Pulmonary Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:227-240. [PMID: 29047089 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The soluble form of guanylate cyclase (sGC) and cGMP signaling are major regulators of pulmonary vasodilation and vascular remodeling that protect the pulmonary circulation from hypertension development. Nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, thiol and heme redox, and heme biosynthesis control mechanisms regulating the production of cGMP by sGC. In addition, a cGMP-independent mechanism regulates protein kinase G through thiol oxidation in manner controlled by peroxide metabolism and NADPH redox. Multiple aspects of these regulatory processes contribute to physiological and pathophysiological regulation of the pulmonary circulation, and create potentially novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of pulmonary vascular disease.
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Shah RC, Sanker S, Wood KC, Durgin BG, Straub AC. Redox regulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:97-104. [PMID: 29578056 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The nitric oxide/soluble guanylyl cyclase (NO-sGC) signaling pathway regulates the cardiovascular, neuronal, and gastrointestinal systems. Impaired sGC signaling can result in disease and system-wide organ failure. This review seeks to examine the redox control of sGC through heme and cysteine regulation while discussing therapeutic drugs that target various conditions. Heme regulation involves mechanisms of insertion of the heme moiety into the sGC protein, the molecules and proteins that control switching between the oxidized (Fe3+) and reduced states (Fe2+), and the activity of heme degradation. Modifications to cysteine residues by S-nitrosation on the α1 and β1 subunits of sGC have been shown to be important in sGC signaling. Moreover, redox balance and localization of sGC is thought to control downstream effects. In response to altered sGC activity due to changes in the redox state, many therapeutic drugs have been developed to target decreased NO-sGC signaling. The importance and relevance of sGC continues to grow as sGC dysregulation leads to numerous disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan C Shah
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Subramaniam Sanker
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine C Wood
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brittany G Durgin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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A novel mechanism of ascorbate direct modulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 131:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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20
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Fülöp GÁ, Yabluchanskiy A. Cyp2c44-mediated decrease of 15-HETE exacerbates pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28626080 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00320.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Á Fülöp
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and.,Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and .,Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Tawa M, Okamura T. Soluble guanylate cyclase redox state under oxidative stress conditions in isolated monkey coronary arteries. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2016; 4:e00261. [PMID: 27713826 PMCID: PMC5045941 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is associated with oxidative stress due to the excessive generation of free radicals in the vascular wall. This study investigated the impact of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (t‐BuOOH), a peroxyl radical generator, on the redox state of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) in isolated monkey coronary arteries. Helically cut strips of endothelium‐intact monkey coronary arteries treated with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine (10 μmol/L) were exposed for approximately 60 min to either no drug or t‐BuOOH (100 μmol/L) in the presence and absence of α‐tocopherol (300 μmol/L). Relaxation and cGMP levels in response to the sGC stimulator BAY 41‐2272 and the sGC activator BAY 60‐2770 were assessed by organ chamber technique and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. The relaxant response to BAY 41‐2272 was significantly impaired by the exposure to t‐BuOOH, whereas the response to BAY 60‐2770 was significantly augmented. In addition, vascular cGMP accumulation caused by BAY 41‐2272 was decreased by the exposure to t‐BuOOH, whereas for BAY 60‐2770, it was increased. These effects of t‐BuOOH were abolished by coincubation with α‐tocopherol. Furthermore, correlations were observed between BAY compound‐induced relaxant magnitudes and cGMP levels. Therefore, it is concluded that increased oxidative stress leads to disruption of the sGC redox state in monkey coronary arteries. This finding is of great importance for understanding coronary physiology in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tawa
- Department of Pharmacology Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Shiga Japan
| | - Tomio Okamura
- Department of Pharmacology Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Shiga Japan
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