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Passerieux E, Desplanche E, Alburquerque L, Wynands Q, Bellanger A, Virsolvy A, Gouzi F, Cazorla O, Bourdin A, Hayot M, Pomiès P. Altered skeletal muscle function and beneficial effects of exercise training in a rat model of induced pulmonary emphysema. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14165. [PMID: 38747536 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive airflow obstruction and development of emphysema. Among the comorbidities associated with COPD, skeletal muscle dysfunction is known to affect exercise capacity and the survival rate of patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), via exercise training, is essential for COPD patients. However, the response to PR is most often moderate. An animal model that recapitulates critical features of chronic human disease and provides access to muscle function should therefore be useful to improve PR benefits. METHODS We used a rat model of induced emphysema based on pulmonary instillations of elastase (ELA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). We assessed the long-term effects of ELA/LPS and the potential effectiveness of endurance training on the skeletal muscle function. In vivo strength of the animals, and ex vivo contractility, endurance, type 1 fiber proportion, fiber cross-sectional area, and capillarization of both soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) were assessed. RESULTS An impaired overall muscle strength with decreased force, reduced capillarization, and atrophy of type 1 fiber of EDL was observed in ELA/LPS rats. Soleus was not affected. Endurance training was able to reduce fatigability, and increase type 1 fiber proportion and capillarization of soleus, and improve force, endurance, and capillarization of EDL in control and ELA/LPS rats. CONCLUSION Our rat model of induced emphysema, which shares some features with the phenotype present in patients with COPD, could represent a suitable model to study skeletal muscle dysfunction and the effects of exercise training on muscle function in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Passerieux
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Desplanche
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Quentin Wynands
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Axel Bellanger
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Virsolvy
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Farés Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Cazorla
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Henrot P, Dupin I, Schilfarth P, Esteves P, Blervaque L, Zysman M, Gouzi F, Hayot M, Pomiès P, Berger P. Main Pathogenic Mechanisms and Recent Advances in COPD Peripheral Skeletal Muscle Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076454. [PMID: 37047427 PMCID: PMC10095391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide prevalent respiratory disease mainly caused by tobacco smoke exposure. COPD is now considered as a systemic disease with several comorbidities. Among them, skeletal muscle dysfunction affects around 20% of COPD patients and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Although the histological alterations are well characterized, including myofiber atrophy, a decreased proportion of slow-twitch myofibers, and a decreased capillarization and oxidative phosphorylation capacity, the molecular basis for muscle atrophy is complex and remains partly unknown. Major difficulties lie in patient heterogeneity, accessing patients' samples, and complex multifactorial process including extrinsic mechanisms, such as tobacco smoke or disuse, and intrinsic mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, hypoxia, or systemic inflammation. Muscle wasting is also a highly dynamic process whose investigation is hampered by the differential protein regulation according to the stage of atrophy. In this review, we report and discuss recent data regarding the molecular alterations in COPD leading to impaired muscle mass, including inflammation, hypoxia and hypercapnia, mitochondrial dysfunction, diverse metabolic changes such as oxidative and nitrosative stress and genetic and epigenetic modifications, all leading to an impaired anabolic/catabolic balance in the myocyte. We recapitulate data concerning skeletal muscle dysfunction obtained in the different rodent models of COPD. Finally, we propose several pathways that should be investigated in COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Henrot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Schilfarth
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Léo Blervaque
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maéva Zysman
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Fares Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
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3
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Jaitovich A. Impaired regenerative capacity contributes to skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C974-C989. [PMID: 35993519 PMCID: PMC9484993 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00292.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Locomotor skeletal muscle dysfunction is a relevant comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is strongly associated with worse clinical outcomes including higher mortality. Over the last decades, a large body of literature helped characterize the process, defining the disruptive muscle phenotype caused by COPD that involves reduction in muscle mass, force-generation capacity, fatigue-tolerance, and regenerative potential following injury. A major limitation in the field has been the scarcity of well-calibrated animal models to conduct mechanistic research based on loss- and gain-of-function studies. This article provides an overall description of the process, the tools available to mechanistically investigate it, and the potential role of mitochondrially driven metabolic signals on the regulation muscle regeneration after injury in COPD. Finally, a description of future avenues to further expand on the area is proposed based on very recent evidence involving mitochondrial metabolic cues affecting myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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4
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Taivassalo T, Hepple RT. Integrating Mechanisms of Exacerbated Atrophy and Other Adverse Skeletal Muscle Impact in COPD. Front Physiol 2022; 13:861617. [PMID: 35721564 PMCID: PMC9203961 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.861617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal decline in skeletal muscle mass that occurs with aging is exacerbated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes to poor health outcomes, including a greater risk of death. There has been controversy about the causes of this exacerbated muscle atrophy, with considerable debate about the degree to which it reflects the very sedentary nature of COPD patients vs. being precipitated by various aspects of the COPD pathophysiology and its most frequent proximate cause, long-term smoking. Consistent with the latter view, recent evidence suggests that exacerbated aging muscle loss with COPD is likely initiated by decades of smoking-induced stress on the neuromuscular junction that predisposes patients to premature failure of muscle reinnervation capacity, accompanied by various alterations in mitochondrial function. Superimposed upon this are various aspects of COPD pathophysiology, such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, and inflammation, that can also contribute to muscle atrophy. This review will summarize the available knowledge concerning the mechanisms contributing to exacerbated aging muscle affect in COPD, consider the potential role of comorbidities using the specific example of chronic kidney disease, and identify emerging molecular mechanisms of muscle impairment, including mitochondrial permeability transition as a mechanism of muscle atrophy, and chronic activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in driving COPD muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Russell T. Hepple
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Russell T. Hepple,
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5
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He AWJ, Ngai SPC, Cheung KK, Lau BWM, Sánchez-Vidaña DI, Pang MYC. Impacts of Cigarette Smoke (CS) on Muscle Derangement in Rodents-A Systematic Review. TOXICS 2022; 10:262. [PMID: 35622675 PMCID: PMC9146307 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can induce systemic manifestations, such as skeletal muscle derangement. However, inconsistent findings of muscle derangement were reported in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to consolidate the available evidence and assess the impact of CS on muscle derangement in rodents. A comprehensive literature search of five electronic databases identified ten articles for final analysis. Results showed that the diaphragm, rectus femoris, soleus, and gastrocnemius exhibited significant oxidative to glycolytic fiber conversions upon CS exposure. In contrast, the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), plantaris, and tibialis did not exhibit a similar fiber-type conversion after CS exposure. Hindlimb muscles, including the quadriceps, soleus, gastrocnemius, and EDL, showed significant reductions in the CSA of the muscle fibers in the CS group when compared to the control group. Changes in inflammatory cytokines, exercise capacity, and functional outcomes induced by CS have also been evaluated. CS could induce a shift from oxidative fibers to glycolytic fibers in high-oxidative muscles such as the diaphragm, rectus femoris, and soleus, and cause muscle atrophy, as reflected by a reduction in the CSA of hindlimb muscles such as the quadriceps, soleus, gastrocnemius, and EDL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shirley P. C. Ngai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (A.W.J.H.); (D.-I.S.-V.); (M.Y.C.P.)
| | - Kwok Kuen Cheung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (A.W.J.H.); (D.-I.S.-V.); (M.Y.C.P.)
| | - Benson W. M. Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (A.W.J.H.); (D.-I.S.-V.); (M.Y.C.P.)
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Xu J, Qiu X, Yu G, Ly M, Yang J, Silva RM, Zhang X, Yu M, Wang Y, Hammock B, Pinkerton KE, Zhao D. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor can protect the femoral head against tobacco smoke exposure-induced osteonecrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Toxicology 2022; 465:153045. [PMID: 34801612 PMCID: PMC9484547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) has been considered a risk factor for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHIs) have been found to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in a variety of pathologies. This study was designed to assess the effect of sEHI on the development of ONFH phenotypes induced by TS exposure in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats. SH and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or TS (80 mg/m3 particulate concentration) 6 h/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. During this period, sEHI was delivered through drinking water at a concentration of 6 mg/L. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro-CT morphometry were performed for phenotypic evaluation. As results, TS exposure induced significant increases in adipocyte area, bone specific surface (BS/BV), and trabecular separation (Tb.SP), as well as significant decreases in bone mineral density (BMD), percent trabecular area (Tb.Ar), HIF-1a expression, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular numbers (Tb.N), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) in both SH and WKY rats. However, the protective effects of sEHI were mainly observed in TS-exposed SH rats, specifically in the density of osteocytes, BMD, Tb.Ar, HIF-1a expression, BV/TV, BS/BV, Tb.N, and Tb.SP. Our study confirms that TS exposure can induce ONFH especially in SH rats, and suggests that sEHI therapy may protect against TS exposure-induced osteonecrotic changes in the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Xu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xing Qiu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Gary Yu
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Ly
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rona M Silva
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xun Zhang
- Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mang Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yinong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Bruce Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
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7
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Dobric A, De Luca SN, Spencer SJ, Bozinovski S, Saling MM, McDonald CF, Vlahos R. Novel pharmacological strategies to treat cognitive dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108017. [PMID: 34626675 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and currently the 3rd largest cause of death in the world, with approximately 3.23 million deaths per year. Globally, the financial burden of COPD is approximately €82 billion per year and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Importantly, much of the disease burden and health care utilisation in COPD is associated with the management of its comorbidities and viral and bacterial-induced acute exacerbations (AECOPD). Recent clinical studies have shown that cognitive dysfunction is present in up to 60% of people with COPD, with impairments in executive function, memory, and attention, impacting on important outcomes such as quality of life, hospitalisation and survival. The high prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in COPD may also help explain the insufficient adherence to therapeutic plans and strategies, thus worsening disease progression in people with COPD. However, the mechanisms underlying the impaired neuropathology and cognition in COPD remain largely unknown. In this review, we propose that the observed pulmonary oxidative burden and inflammatory response of people with COPD 'spills over' into the systemic circulation, resulting in damage to the brain and leading to cognitive dysfunction. As such, drugs targeting the lungs and comorbidities concurrently represent an exciting and unique therapeutic opportunity to treat COPD and cognitive impairments, which may lead to the production of novel targets to prevent and reverse the debilitating and life-threatening effects of cognitive dysfunction in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Dobric
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone N De Luca
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael M Saling
- Clinical Neuropsychology, The University of Melbourne and Austin Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Christine F McDonald
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Ajime TT, Serré J, Wüst RCI, Messa GAM, Poffé C, Swaminathan A, Maes K, Janssens W, Troosters T, Degens H, Gayan-Ramirez G. Two Weeks of Smoking Cessation Reverse Cigarette Smoke-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mice. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:143-151. [PMID: 31965191 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apart from its adverse effects on the respiratory system, cigarette smoking also induces skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction. Whether short-term smoking cessation can restore muscle mass and function is unknown. We, therefore, studied the impact of 1- and 2-week smoking cessation on skeletal muscles in a mouse model. METHODS Male mice were divided into four groups: Air-exposed (14 weeks); cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed (14 weeks); CS-exposed (13 weeks) followed by 1-week cessation; CS-exposed (12 weeks) followed by 2 weeks cessation to examine exercise capacity, physical activity levels, body composition, muscle function, capillarization, mitochondrial function and protein expression in the soleus, plantaris, and diaphragm muscles. RESULTS CS-induced loss of body and muscle mass was significantly improved within 1 week of cessation due to increased lean and fat mass. Mitochondrial respiration and protein levels of the respiratory complexes in the soleus were lower in CS-exposed mice, but similar to control values after 2 weeks of cessation. Exposing isolated soleus muscles to CS extracts reduced mitochondrial respiration that was reversed after removing the extract. While physical activity was reduced in all groups, exercise capacity, limb muscle force, fatigue resistance, fiber size and capillarization, and diaphragm cytoplasmic HIF-1α were unaltered by CS-exposure. However, CS-induced diaphragm atrophy and increased capillary density were not seen after 2 weeks of smoking cessation. CONCLUSION In male mice, 2 weeks of smoking cessation reversed smoking-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, limb muscle mass loss, and diaphragm muscle atrophy, highlighting immediate benefits of cessation on skeletal muscles. IMPLICATIONS Our study demonstrates that CS-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and atrophy are significantly improved by 2 weeks of cessation in male mice. We show for the first time that smoking cessation as short as 1 to 2 weeks is associated with immediate beneficial effects on skeletal muscle structure and function with the diaphragm being particularly sensitive to CS-exposure and cessation. This could help motivate smokers to quit smoking as early as possible. The knowledge that smoking cessation has potential positive extrapulmonary effects is particularly relevant for patients referred to rehabilitation programs and those admitted to hospitals suffering from acute or chronic muscle deterioration yet struggling with smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Tanjeko Ajime
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Anselme Mpaka Messa
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Chiel Poffé
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.,Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Attaway AH, Welch N, Yadav R, Bellar A, Hatipoğlu U, Meli Y, Engelen MPKJ, Zein J, Dasarathy S. Quantitative Computed Tomography Assessment of Pectoralis and Erector Spinae Muscle Area and Disease Severity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Referred for Lung Volume Reduction. COPD 2021; 18:191-200. [PMID: 33736550 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1897560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develop skeletal muscle loss (sarcopenia) that is associated with adverse clinical outcomes including mortality. We evaluated if thoracic muscle area is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with severe COPD. We analyzed consecutive patients with severe COPD undergoing evaluation for lung volume reduction from 2015 to 2019 (n = 117) compared to current and former smoking controls undergoing lung cancer screening with normal lung function (n = 41). Quantitative assessments of pectoralis muscle (PM) and erector spinae muscle (ESM) cross sectional area (CSA) were related to clinical outcomes including composite endpoints. Our results showed a reduction in PM CSA but not ESM CSA was associated with the severity of GOLD stage of COPD. Current smokers demonstrated reduced PM CSA which was similar to that in COPD patients who were GOLD stages 3 and 4. PM CSA was associated positively with FEV1, FEV1% predicted, FVC, DLCO, and FEV1/FVC ratio, and was associated negatively with the degree of radiologic emphysema. ESM correlated positively with DLCO, RV/TLC (a marker of hyperinflation), and correlated negatively with radiologic severity of emphysema. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that reductions in PM but not ESM CSA was associated with the composite end point of mortality, need for lung volume reduction, or lung transplant. In conclusion, in well-characterized patients with severe COPD referred for lung volume reduction, PM CSA correlated with severity of lung disease, mortality, and need for advanced therapies. In addition to predicting clinical outcomes, targeting sarcopenia is a potential therapeutic approach in patients with severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy H Attaway
- Department of Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Welch
- Departments of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ruchi Yadav
- Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Annette Bellar
- Departments of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Umur Hatipoğlu
- Department of Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yvonne Meli
- Department of Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marielle P K J Engelen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joe Zein
- Departments of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Departments of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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10
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Jaitovich A. Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure-Driven Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction: It Is Time for Animal Model-Based Mechanistic Research. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:129-138. [PMID: 33788191 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of locomotor muscles is frequent in chronic pulmonary diseases and strongly associated with worse outcomes including higher mortality. Although these associations have been corroborated over the last decades, there is poor mechanistic understanding of the process, in part due to the lack of adequate animal models to investigate this process. Most of the mechanistic research has so far been accomplished using relevant individual stimuli such as low oxygen or high CO2 delivered to otherwise healthy animals as surrogates of the phenomena occurring in the clinical setting. This review advocates for the development of a syndromic model in which skeletal muscle dysfunction is investigated as a comorbidity of a well-validated pulmonary disease model, which could potentially allow discovering meaningful mechanisms and pathways and lead to more substantial progress to treat this devastating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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11
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Hao Z, Li J, Li B, Alder KD, Cahill SV, Munger AM, Lee I, Kwon HK, Back J, Xu S, Kang MJ, Lee FY. Smoking Alters Inflammation and Skeletal Stem and Progenitor Cell Activity During Fracture Healing in Different Murine Strains. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:186-198. [PMID: 32866293 PMCID: PMC9057220 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Smokers are at a higher risk of delayed union or nonunion after fracture repair. Few specific interventions are available for prevention because the molecular mechanisms that result in these negative sequelae are poorly understood. Murine models that mimic fracture healing in smokers are crucial in further understanding the local cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing caused by smoking. We exposed three murine strains, C57BL/6J, 129X1/SvJ, and BALB/cJ, to cigarette smoke for 3 months before the induction of a midshaft transverse femoral osteotomy. We evaluated fracture healing 4 weeks after the osteotomy using radiography, micro-computed tomography (μCT), and biomechanical testing. Radiographic analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the fracture healing capacity of smoking 129X1/SvJ mice. μCT results showed delayed remodeling of fracture calluses in all three strains after cigarette smoke exposure. Biomechanical testing indicated the most significant impairment in the functional properties of 129X1/SvJ in comparison with C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice after cigarette smoke exposure. Thus, the 129X1/SvJ strain is most suitable in simulating smoking-induced impaired fracture healing. Furthermore, in smoking 129X1/SvJ murine models, we investigated the molecular and cellular alterations in fracture healing caused by cigarette smoking using histology, flow cytometry, and multiplex cytokine/chemokine analysis. Histological analysis showed impaired chondrogenesis in cigarette smoking. In addition, the important reparative cell populations, including skeletal stem cells and their downstream progenitors, demonstrated decreased expansion after injury as a result of cigarette smoking. Moreover, significantly increased pro-inflammatory mediators and the recruitment of immune cells in fracture hematomas were demonstrated in smoking mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the significant cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing impaired by smoking, including disrupted chondrogenesis, aberrant skeletal stem and progenitor cell activity, and a pronounced initial inflammatory response. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Emergency and Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Kareme D Alder
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sean V Cahill
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alana M Munger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inkyu Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Kwon Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - JungHo Back
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency and Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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12
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Balnis J, Lee CG, Elias JA, Jaitovich A. Hypercapnia-Driven Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Pulmonary Emphysema Suggests a Complex Phenotype. Front Physiol 2020; 11:600290. [PMID: 33192616 PMCID: PMC7658396 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.600290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic pulmonary conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often develop skeletal muscle dysfunction, which is strongly and independently associated with poor outcomes including higher mortality. Some of these patients also develop chronic CO2 retention, or hypercapnia, which is also associated with worse prognosis. While muscle dysfunction in these settings involve reduction of muscle mass and disrupted fibers’ metabolism leading to suboptimal muscle work, mechanistic research in the field has been limited by the lack of adequate animal models. Over the last years, we have established a rodent model of COPD-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction that allowed a disaggregated interrogation of the cellular and physiological effects driven by COPD from the ones unique to hypercapnia. We found that while COPD and hypercapnia synergistically contribute to muscle atrophy, they are antagonistic processes regarding fibers respiratory capacity. We propose that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial regulator of CO2 signaling in hypercapnic muscles, which leads to both net protein catabolism and improved mitochondrial respiration to support a transition into a substrate-rich, fuel-efficient metabolic mode that allows muscle cells cope with the CO2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jack A Elias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
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13
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Su J, Li J, Lu Y, Li N, Li P, Wang Z, Wu W, Liu X. The rat model of COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction induced by progressive cigarette smoke exposure: a pilot study. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:74. [PMID: 32293377 PMCID: PMC7092612 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-1109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) skeletal muscle dysfunction is a prevalent malady that significantly affects patients’ prognosis and quality of life. Although the study of this disease has attracted considerable attention, a definite animal model is yet to be established. This study investigates whether smoke exposure could lead to the development of a COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction model in rats. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into model (MG, n = 8) and control groups (CG, n = 6). The MG was exposed to cigarette smoke for 16 weeks while the CG was not. The body weight and forelimb grip strength of rats were monitored monthly. The pulmonary function and the strength of tibialis anterior muscle were assessed in vitro and compared after establishing the model. The histological changes in lung and gastrocnemius muscles were observed. The expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by ELISA, while the expressions of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in the gastrocnemius muscle were determined by Western blotting. Results Smoke exposure slowly increases the body weight and forelimb grip strength of MG rats, compared to CG rats. However, it significantly decreases the pulmonary ventilation function and the skeletal muscle contractility of the MG in vitro. Histologically, the lung tissues of MG show typical pathological manifestations of emphysema, while the skeletal muscles present muscular atrophy. The expressions of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in MG rats are significantly higher than those measured in CG rats. Increased levels of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 were also detected in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of MG. Conclusion Progressive smoking exposure decreases the contractile function of skeletal muscles, leading to muscular atrophy. It also increases the expressions of inflammatory and muscle protein degradation factors in COPD rats. This indicates that smoke exposure could be used to establish a COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction model in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yufan Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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14
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Balnis J, Korponay TC, Jaitovich A. AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) at the Crossroads Between CO 2 Retention and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E955. [PMID: 32023946 PMCID: PMC7037951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a major comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other pulmonary conditions. Chronic CO2 retention, or hypercapnia, also occur in some of these patients. Both muscle dysfunction and hypercapnia associate with higher mortality in these populations. Over the last years, we have established a mechanistic link between hypercapnia and skeletal muscle dysfunction, which is regulated by AMPK and causes depressed anabolism via reduced ribosomal biogenesis and accelerated catabolism via proteasomal degradation. In this review, we discuss the main findings linking AMPK with hypercapnic pulmonary disease both in the lungs and skeletal muscles, and also outline potential avenues for future research in the area based on knowledge gaps and opportunities to expand mechanistic research with translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.B.); (T.C.K.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Tanner C. Korponay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.B.); (T.C.K.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.B.); (T.C.K.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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15
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Balnis J, Korponay TC, Vincent CE, Singer DV, Adam AP, Lacomis D, Lee CG, Elias JA, Singer HA, Jaitovich A. IL-13-driven pulmonary emphysema leads to skeletal muscle dysfunction attenuated by endurance exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:134-148. [PMID: 31774358 PMCID: PMC7054638 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00627.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually develop skeletal muscle dysfunction, which represents a major comorbidity in these patients and is strongly associated with mortality and other poor outcomes. Although clinical data indicates that accelerated protein degradation and metabolic disruption are common associations of muscle dysfunction in COPD, there is very limited data on the mechanisms regulating the process, in part, due to the lack of research performed on a validated animal model of pulmonary emphysema. This model deficiency complicates the translational value of data generated with highly reductionist settings. Here, we use an established transgenic animal model of COPD based on inducible IL-13-driven pulmonary emphysema (IL-13TG) to interrogate the mechanisms of skeletal muscle dysfunction. Skeletal muscles from these emphysematous mice develop most features present in COPD patients, including atrophy, decreased oxygen consumption, and reduced force-generation capacity. Analysis of muscle proteome indicates downregulation of succinate dehydrogenase C (SDH-C), which correlates with reduced enzymatic activity, also consistent with previous clinical observations. Ontology terms identified with human data, such as ATP binding/bioenergetics are also downregulated in this animal's skeletal muscles. Moreover, chronic exercise can partially restore muscle mass, metabolic and force-generation capacity, and SDH activity in COPD mice. We conclude that this animal model of COPD/emphysema is an adequate platform to further investigate mechanisms of muscle dysfunction in this setting and demonstrates multiple approaches that can be used to address specific mechanisms regulating this process.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a relevant comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mechanistic research in the area has so far been accomplished with models based on specific exposures to otherwise healthy animals, and no investigation using an established and validated animal model of COPD has been accomplished. We present an animal model of COPD that was previously shown to recapitulate pulmonary functional and histologic features present in patients with COPD, and demonstrates most of the features present in patients with pulmonary emphysema-associated muscle dysfunction, which we proposed as an adequate tool to develop mechanistic research in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Balnis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Tanner C Korponay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | | | - Diane V Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - David Lacomis
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jack A Elias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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16
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Shukla SD, Walters EH, Simpson JL, Keely S, Wark PA, O'Toole RF, Hansbro PM. Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 2019; 25:53-63. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti D. Shukla
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Jodie L. Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Peter A.B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Ronan F. O'Toole
- School of Molecular Sciences, College of Science, Health and EngineeringLa Trobe University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Centenary Institute and School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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17
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Barreiro E, Wang X, Tang J. COPD: preclinical models and emerging therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:829-838. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1667976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jun Tang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Vlahos R, Bozinovski S. Modelling COPD co‐morbidities in preclinical models. Respirology 2018; 23:1094-1095. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesRMIT University Bundoora VIC Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesRMIT University Bundoora VIC Australia
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19
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Xu J, Qiu X, Liang Z, Smiley-Jewell S, Lu F, Yu M, Pinkerton KE, Zhao D, Shi B. Exposure to tobacco smoke increases bone loss in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:229-238. [PMID: 30257116 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1506838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define if exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) could induce reduction of bone mass and impairment of bone architecture, features observed in osteoporosis in normotensive rats and the influence of TS exposure on the osteoporotic features exhibited in the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats. METHODS Normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and SH rats were exposed to filtered air or TS for 8 weeks, then their proximal femurs were extracted for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) assessment, histological and immune-histological examinations to quantify the adverse influence of TS exposure on the bone mass and density, as well as bone architecture. RESULTS We found that TS exposure not only induced significant decreases in bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume (BV), cortical and trabecular thickness (Ct.Th and Tb.Th), trabecular surface area (Tb.Ar), expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the trabecular marrow, delayed ossification of cartilage, as well as statistical increases in trabecular separation (Tb.SP) and the number of trabecular marrow adipocytes in both WKY and SH rats, but also exacerbated multiple features of osteoporosis exhibited in SH rats, including decreased BMD, Ct.Th, Tb.Ar, HIF-1α expression, delayed cartilage ossification, and increased Tb.SP. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that TS exposure can reduce bone mass and impair bone architecture and exacerbate multiple features of osteoporosis exhibited in SH rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Xu
- a Department of Endocrinology , First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xing Qiu
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University , Dalian , China
| | - Zhou Liang
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University , Dalian , China
| | | | - Faqiang Lu
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University , Dalian , China
| | - Mang Yu
- d Center for Clinical Sciences Research , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- c Center for Health and the Environment , University of California , Davis CA , USA
| | - Dewei Zhao
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University , Dalian , China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- a Department of Endocrinology , First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
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20
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Madani A, Alack K, Richter MJ, Krüger K. Immune-regulating effects of exercise on cigarette smoke-induced inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2018; 11:155-167. [PMID: 29731655 PMCID: PMC5923223 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s141149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) represents an important risk factor for cardiac infarction and stroke and the central risk factor for the development of a bronchial carcinoma, smoking-associated interstitial lung fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pathophysiologic development of these diseases is suggested to be promoted by chronic and progressive inflammation. Cigarette smoking induces repetitive inflammatory insults followed by a chronic and progressive activation of the immune system. In the pulmonary system of cigarette smokers, oxidative stress, cellular damage, and a chronic activation of pattern recognition receptors are described which are followed by the translocation of the NF-kB, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases, and damage-associated molecular patterns. In parallel, smoke pollutants cross directly through the alveolus-capillary interface and spread through the systemic bloodstream targeting different organs. Consequently, LTCS induces a systemic low-grade inflammation and increased oxidative stress in the vascular system. In blood, these processes promote an increased coagulation and endothelial dysfunction. In muscle tissue, inflammatory processes activate catabolic signaling pathways followed by muscle wasting and sarcopenia. In brain, several characteristics of neuroinflammation were described. Regular exercise training has been shown to be an effective nonpharmacological treatment strategy in smoke-induced pulmonary diseases. It is well established that exercise training exerts immune-regulating effects by activating anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. In this regard, the release of myokines from contracting skeletal muscle, the elevations of cortisol and adrenalin, the reduced expression of Toll-like receptors, and the increased mobilization of immune-regulating leukocyte subtypes might be of vital importance. Exercise training also increases the local and systemic antioxidative capacity and several compensatory mechanisms in tissues such as an increased anabolic signaling in muscle or an increased compliance of the vascular system. Accordingly, regular exercise training seems to protect long-term smokers against some important negative local and systemic consequences of smoking. Data suggest that it seems to be important to start exercise training as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Madani
- Department of Exercise and Health, Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Alack
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - Manuel Jonas Richter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise and Health, Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
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21
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Krüger K, Seimetz M, Ringseis R, Wilhelm J, Pichl A, Couturier A, Eder K, Weissmann N, Mooren FC. Exercise training reverses inflammation and muscle wasting after tobacco smoke exposure. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R366-R376. [PMID: 29092860 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00316.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-term cigarette smoking induces inflammatory processes in the pulmonary system that are suggested to "spill over" into systemic inflammation. Regular exercise has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise on inflammation and muscle wasting in smoke-exposed mice. C57BL/6J mice ( n = 30) were separated into three groups to receive either 1) no specific treatment (control group), 2) 8-mo exposure to cigarette smoke [smoke-exposed (SE) group], or 3) 8 mo of cigarette smoke combined with exercise training during the last 2 mo (SEex group). The inflammatory status was analyzed by quantifying levels of various plasma proteins using multiplex ELISA and detection of lymphocyte surface markers by flow cytometry. Muscle tissue was analyzed by histological techniques and measurements of RNA/protein expression. SE led to decreased maximal O2 uptake (V̇o2max) and maximal running speed ( Vmax), which was reversed by exercise ( P < 0.05). Expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD62L on T cells increased and was reversed by exercise ( P < 0.05). Similarly, SE induced an increase of various inflammatory cytokines, which were downregulated by exercise. In muscle, exercise improved the structure, oxidative capacity, and metabolism by reducing ubiquitin proteasome system activation, stimulating insulin-like growth factor 1 expression, and the SE-induced inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway ( P < 0.05). Exercise training reverses smoke-induced decline in exercise capacity, systemic inflammation, and muscle wasting by addressing immune-regulating, anabolic, and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Krüger
- Institute of Sports Science, Department Exercise and Health, Leibniz University Hannover , Germany.,Department of Sports Medicine, University of Giessen , Giessen , Germany
| | - Michael Seimetz
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Cente, Member of the German Center for Lung Research
| | - Robert Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, Giessen , Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Cente, Member of the German Center for Lung Research
| | - Alexandra Pichl
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Cente, Member of the German Center for Lung Research
| | - Aline Couturier
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, Giessen , Germany
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, Giessen , Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Cente, Member of the German Center for Lung Research
| | - Frank C Mooren
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Giessen , Giessen , Germany.,Klinik Königsfeld, Ennepetal, Germany
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22
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Cielen N, Maes K, Heulens N, Troosters T, Carmeliet G, Janssens W, Gayan-Ramirez GN. Interaction between Physical Activity and Smoking on Lung, Muscle, and Bone in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:674-82. [PMID: 26448063 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0181oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is an important contributor to skeletal muscle weakness, osteoporosis, and weight loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the effects of physical inactivity, in interaction with smoking, on lung, muscle, and bone are poorly understood. To address this issue, male mice were randomly assigned to an active (daily running), moderately inactive (space restriction), or extremely inactive group (space restriction followed by hindlimb suspension to mimic bed rest) during 24 weeks and simultaneously exposed to either cigarette smoke or room air. The effects of different physical activity levels and smoking status and their respective interaction were examined on lung function, body composition, in vitro limb muscle function, and bone parameters. Smoking caused emphysema, reduced food intake with subsequent loss of body weight, and fat, lean, and muscle mass, but increased trabecular bone volume. Smoking induced muscle fiber atrophy, which did not result in force impairment. Moderate inactivity only affected lung volumes and compliance, whereas extreme inactivity increased lung inflammation, lowered body and fat mass, induced fiber atrophy with soleus muscle dysfunction, and reduced exercise capacity and all bone parameters. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity also aggravated lung inflammation and emphysema, and accelerated body and muscle weight loss. This study shows that extreme inactivity, especially when imposed by absolute rest, accelerates lung damage and inflammation. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity is deleterious for muscle bulk, bone, and lungs. These data highlight that the consequences of physical inactivity during the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Cielen
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Maes
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Heulens
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,2 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- 3 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine N Gayan-Ramirez
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Khedoe PPSJ, Rensen PCN, Berbée JFP, Hiemstra PS. Murine models of cardiovascular comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L1011-27. [PMID: 26993520 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00013.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, COPD patients with atherosclerosis (i.e., the most important underlying cause of CVD) receive COPD therapy complemented with standard CVD therapy. This may, however, not be the most optimal treatment. To investigate the link between COPD and atherosclerosis and to develop specific therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with atherosclerosis, a substantial number of preclinical studies using murine models have been performed. In this review, we summarize the currently used murine models of COPD and atherosclerosis, both individually and combined, and discuss the relevance of these models for studying the pathogenesis and development of new treatments for COPD patients with atherosclerosis. Murine and clinical studies have provided complementary information showing a prominent role for systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the link between COPD and atherosclerosis. These and other studies showed that murine models for COPD and atherosclerosis are useful tools and can provide important insights relevant to understanding the link between COPD and CVD. More importantly, murine studies provide good platforms for studying the potential of promising (new) therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Padmini S J Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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24
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Yokoe S, Nakagawa T, Kojima Y, Higuchi K, Asahi M. Indomethacin-induced intestinal epithelial cell damage is mediated by pVHL activation through the degradation of collagen I and HIF-1α. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:671-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Favier FB, Britto FA, Freyssenet DG, Bigard XA, Benoit H. HIF-1-driven skeletal muscle adaptations to chronic hypoxia: molecular insights into muscle physiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4681-96. [PMID: 26298291 PMCID: PMC11113128 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a metabolically active tissue and the major body protein reservoir. Drop in ambient oxygen pressure likely results in a decrease in muscle cells oxygenation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and stabilization of the oxygen-sensitive hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. However, skeletal muscle seems to be quite resistant to hypoxia compared to other organs, probably because it is accustomed to hypoxic episodes during physical exercise. Few studies have observed HIF-1α accumulation in skeletal muscle during ambient hypoxia probably because of its transient stabilization. Nevertheless, skeletal muscle presents adaptations to hypoxia that fit with HIF-1 activation, although the exact contribution of HIF-2, I kappa B kinase and activating transcription factors, all potentially activated by hypoxia, needs to be determined. Metabolic alterations result in the inhibition of fatty acid oxidation, while activation of anaerobic glycolysis is less evident. Hypoxia causes mitochondrial remodeling and enhanced mitophagy that ultimately lead to a decrease in ROS production, and this acclimatization in turn contributes to HIF-1α destabilization. Likewise, hypoxia has structural consequences with muscle fiber atrophy due to mTOR-dependent inhibition of protein synthesis and transient activation of proteolysis. The decrease in muscle fiber area improves oxygen diffusion into muscle cells, while inhibition of protein synthesis, an ATP-consuming process, and reduction in muscle mass decreases energy demand. Amino acids released from muscle cells may also have protective and metabolic effects. Collectively, these results demonstrate that skeletal muscle copes with the energetic challenge imposed by O2 rarefaction via metabolic optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Favier
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060, Montpellier, France.
- Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
| | - F A Britto
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - D G Freyssenet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice EA 4338, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint Etienne, France
| | - X A Bigard
- Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage, 75007, Paris, France
| | - H Benoit
- INSERM, U1042 Hypoxie Physio-Pathologie, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, 38000, Grenoble, France
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26
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Signaling network of lipids as a comprehensive scaffold for omics data integration in sputum of COPD patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015. [PMID: 26215076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous and progressive inflammatory condition that has been linked to the dysregulation of many metabolic pathways including lipid biosynthesis. How lipid metabolism could affect disease progression in smokers with COPD remains unclear. We cross-examined the transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics data available on the public domain to elucidate the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism is perturbed in COPD. We reconstructed a sputum lipid COPD (SpLiCO) signaling network utilizing active/inactive, and functional/dysfunctional lipid-mediated signaling pathways to explore how lipid-metabolism could promote COPD pathogenesis in smokers. SpLiCO was further utilized to investigate signal amplifiers, distributers, propagators, feed-forward and/or -back loops that link COPD disease severity and hypoxia to disruption in the metabolism of sphingolipids, fatty acids and energy. Also, hypergraph analysis and calculations for dependency of molecules identified several important nodes in the network with modular regulatory and signal distribution activities. Our systems-based analyses indicate that arachidonic acid is a critical and early signal distributer that is upregulated by the sphingolipid signaling pathway in COPD, while hypoxia plays a critical role in the elevated dependency to glucose as a major energy source. Integration of SpLiCo and clinical data shows a strong association between hypoxia and the upregulation of sphingolipids in smokers with emphysema, vascular disease, hypertension and those with increased risk of lung cancer.
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27
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Krüger K, Dischereit G, Seimetz M, Wilhelm J, Weissmann N, Mooren FC. Time course of cigarette smoke-induced changes of systemic inflammation and muscle structure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L119-28. [PMID: 26001775 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00074.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become more evident that long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) has an important extrapulmonary toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the time-dependent effects of cigarette smoke exposure on exercise capacity, markers of systemic inflammation, and skeletal muscle structure. c57bl/6j-mice were either exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke for 6 h/day, 5 days/wk [smoke-exposed (SE) group] or assigned to the control, unexposed group (Con group). SE group mice were exposed for 8, 16, 24, and 32 wk to smoke and unexposed Con mice were used as age-matched controls. Exercise capacity was investigated by spiroergometry. Systemic inflammatory status was analyzed by flow cytometry and multiplexed fluorescent immunoassay. For analysis of muscle tissue, histological techniques and microarray analysis were used. Mice of the SE group exhibited a lower increase of body mass and a decrease of V̇o2 max (P < 0.05). An increase of lymphocyte CD62, ICAM, and VCAM expression was found in SE mice (P < 0.05). A biphasic trend of protein up- and downregulation was observed in markers of systemic inflammation, tissue deterioration, and allergic reactions such as C-reactive protein (CRP), eotaxin, haptoglobin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 (M-CSF-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1γ (MIP-1γ). Thereby, the expression of several chemotactic proteins in plasma correlated with their expression in muscle. A time-dependent decrease of muscle mass, oxidative type-I fibers, and muscle cross-sectional area was found (P < 0.05). Microarray analysis revealed a SE-induced upregulation of several pathways of metabolic processes and tissue degradation. Taken together it was found that the loss of exercise capacity and systemic inflammation are early events of SE, which might induce muscular atrophy and loss of oxidative muscle capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Krüger
- Department of Sports Medicine, Justus Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - G Dischereit
- Department of Sports Medicine, Justus Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - M Seimetz
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - J Wilhelm
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - N Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - F C Mooren
- Department of Sports Medicine, Justus Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; and
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28
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Vlahos R, Bozinovski S. Preclinical murine models of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:265-71. [PMID: 25818750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and is the 4th leading cause of death worldwide. It is believed that an exaggerated inflammatory response to cigarette smoke causes progressive airflow limitation. This inflammation, where macrophages, neutrophils and T lymphocytes are prominent, leads to oxidative stress, emphysema, small airway fibrosis and mucus hypersecretion. Much of the disease burden and health care utilisation in COPD is associated with the management of its comorbidities and infectious (viral and bacterial) exacerbations (AECOPD). Comorbidities, defined as other chronic medical conditions, in particular skeletal muscle wasting and cardiovascular disease markedly impact on disease morbidity, progression and mortality. The mechanisms and mediators underlying COPD and its comorbidities are poorly understood and current COPD therapy is relatively ineffective. Thus, there is an obvious need for new therapies that can prevent the induction and progression of COPD and effectively treat AECOPD and comorbidities of COPD. Given that access to COPD patients can be difficult and that clinical samples often represent a "snapshot" at a particular time in the disease process, many researchers have used animal modelling systems to explore the mechanisms underlying COPD, AECOPD and comorbidities of COPD with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets. This review highlights the mouse models used to define the cellular, molecular and pathological consequences of cigarette smoke exposure and the recent advances in modelling infectious exacerbations and comorbidities of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Vlahos
- School of Health Sciences, Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health Sciences, Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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29
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Basic VT, Jacobsen A, Sirsjö A, Abdel-Halim SM. TNF stimulation induces VHL overexpression and impairs angiogenic potential in skeletal muscle myocytes. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:228-36. [PMID: 24820910 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased skeletal muscle capillarization is considered to significantly contribute to the development of pulmonary cachexia syndrome (PCS) and progressive muscle wasting in several chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unclear to which extent the concurrent presence of systemic inflammation contributes to decreased skeletal muscle capillarization under these conditions. The present study was designed to examine in vitro the effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), on the regulation of hypoxia-angiogenesis signal transduction and capillarization in skeletal muscles. For this purpose, fully differentiated C2C12 skeletal muscle myocytes were stimulated with TNF and maintained under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. The expression levels of the putative elements of the hypoxia-angiogenesis signaling cascade were examined using qPCR, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Under normoxic conditinos, TNF stimulation increased the protein expression of anti-angiogenic von-Hippel Lindau (VHL), prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)2 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 2D1 (Ube2D1), as well as the total ubiquitin content in the skeletal muscle myocytes. By contrast, the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1‑α (HIF1-α) and those of its transcriptional targets, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)A and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1), were markedly reduced. In addition, hypoxia increased the expression of the VHL transcript and further elevated the VHL protein expression levels in C2C12 myocytes following TNF stimulation. Consequently, an impaired angiogenic potential was observed in the TNF-stimulated myocytes during hypoxia. In conclusion, TNF increases VHL expression and disturbs hypoxia-angiogenesis signal transduction in skeletal muscle myocytes. The current findings provide a mechanism linking systemic inflammation and impaired angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. This is particularly relevant to further understanding the mechanisms mediating muscle wasting and cachexia in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir T Basic
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Annette Jacobsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Allan Sirsjö
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Samy M Abdel-Halim
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pathological changes in the COPD lung mesenchyme--novel lessons learned from in vitro and in vivo studies. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2014; 29:121-8. [PMID: 24747433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and, in contrast to the trend for cardiovascular diseases, mortality rates still continue to climb. This increase is in part due to an aging population, being expanded by the "Baby boomer" generation who grew up when smoking rates were at their peak and by people in developing countries living longer. Sadly, there has been a disheartening lack of new therapeutic approaches to counteract the progressive decline in lung function associated with the disease that leads to disability and death. COPD is characterized by irreversible chronic airflow limitation that is caused by emphysematous destruction of lung elastic tissue and/or obstruction in the small airways due to occlusion of their lumen by inflammatory mucus exudates, narrowing and obliteration. These lesions are mainly produced by the response of the tissue to the repetitive inhalational injury inflicted by noxious gases, including cigarette smoke, which involves interaction between infiltrating inflammatory immune cells, resident cells (e.g. epithelial cells and fibroblasts) and the extra cellular matrix. This interaction leads to tissue destruction and airway remodeling with changes in elastin and collagen, such that the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit is dysregulated in both the disease pathologies. This review focuses on: 1--novel inflammatory and remodeling factors that are altered in COPD; 2--in vitro and in vivo models to understand the mechanism whereby the extra cellular matrix environment in altered in COPD; and 3--COPD in the context of wound-repair tissue responses, with a focus on the regulation of mesenchymal cell fate and phenotype.
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31
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Vlahos R, Bozinovski S. Recent advances in pre-clinical mouse models of COPD. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 126:253-65. [PMID: 24144354 PMCID: PMC3878607 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a major incurable global health burden and will become the third largest cause of death in the world by 2020. It is currently believed that an exaggerated inflammatory response to inhaled irritants, in particular cigarette smoke, causes progressive airflow limitation. This inflammation, where macrophages, neutrophils and T-cells are prominent, leads to oxidative stress, emphysema, small airways fibrosis and mucus hypersecretion. The mechanisms and mediators that drive the induction and progression of chronic inflammation, emphysema and altered lung function are poorly understood. Current treatments have limited efficacy in inhibiting chronic inflammation, do not reverse the pathology of disease and fail to modify the factors that initiate and drive the long-term progression of disease. Therefore there is a clear need for new therapies that can prevent the induction and progression of COPD. Animal modelling systems that accurately reflect disease pathophysiology continue to be essential to the development of new therapies. The present review highlights some of the mouse models used to define the cellular, molecular and pathological consequences of cigarette smoke exposure and whether they can be used to predict the efficacy of new therapeutics for COPD.
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Key Words
- acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd)
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)
- emphysema
- inflammation
- skeletal muscle wasting
- smoking
- aecopd, acute exacerbations of copd
- bal, bronchoalveolar lavage
- balf, bal fluid
- copd, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- gm-csf, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- gold, global initiative on chronic obstructive lung disease
- gpx, glutathione peroxidase
- hdac, histone deacetylation
- il, interleukin
- ltb4, leukotriene b4
- mapk, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- mcp-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1
- mmp, matrix metalloproteinase
- ne, neutrophil elastase
- nf-κb, nuclear factor κb
- nrf2, nuclear erythroid-related factor 2
- o2•−, superoxide radical
- onoo−, peroxynitrite
- pde, phosphodiesterase
- pi3k, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- rv, rhinovirus
- slpi, secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor
- sod, superoxide dismutase
- tgf-β, transforming growth factor-β
- timp, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- tnf-α, tumour necrosis factor-α
- v/q, ventilation/perfusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Vlahos
- *Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- *Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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HoWangYin KY, Loinard C, Bakker W, Guérin CL, Vilar J, D'Audigier C, Mauge L, Bruneval P, Emmerich J, Lévy BI, Pouysségur J, Smadja DM, Silvestre JS. HIF-Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 Inhibition Enhances the Efficiency of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Critical Limb Ischemia. Stem Cells 2014; 32:231-43. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Loinard
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire; Fontenay aux Roses France
| | | | | | - José Vilar
- INSERM UMRS 970; Fontenay aux Roses France
| | - Clément D'Audigier
- INSERM UMRS 765; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- AP-HP; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'hématologie Biologique Paris France
| | - Laetitia Mauge
- INSERM UMRS 765; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- AP-HP; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'hématologie Biologique Paris France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- AP-HP; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'anatomie Pathologique Paris France
| | - Joseph Emmerich
- INSERM UMRS 765; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | | | - Jacques Pouysségur
- University of Nice, Institute of Research on Cancer & Aging (IRCAN)Centre A. Lacassagne, Nice, France and Centre Scientifique de Monaco
| | - David M. Smadja
- INSERM UMRS 765; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- AP-HP; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'hématologie Biologique Paris France
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33
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Caron MA, Morissette MC, Thériault ME, Nikota JK, Stämpfli MR, Debigaré R. Alterations in skeletal muscle cell homeostasis in a mouse model of cigarette smoke exposure. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66433. [PMID: 23799102 PMCID: PMC3682961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle dysfunction is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease mainly caused by chronic cigarette use. An important proportion of patients with COPD have decreased muscle mass, suggesting that chronic cigarette smoke exposure may interfere with skeletal muscle cellular equilibrium. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the kinetic of the effects that cigarette smoke exposure has on skeletal muscle cell signaling involved in protein homeostasis and to assess the reversibility of these effects. METHODS A mouse model of cigarette smoke exposure was used to assess skeletal muscle changes. BALB/c mice were exposed to cigarette smoke or room air for 8 weeks, 24 weeks or 24 weeks followed by 60 days of cessation. The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were collected and the activation state of key mediators involved in protein synthesis and degradation was assessed. RESULTS Gastrocnemius and soleus were smaller in mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 and 24 weeks compared to room air exposed animals. Pro-degradation proteins were induced at the mRNA level after 8 and 24 weeks. Twenty-four weeks of cigarette smoke exposure induced pro-degradation proteins and reduced Akt phosphorylation and glycogen synthase kinase-3β quantity. A 60-day smoking cessation period reversed the cell signaling alterations induced by cigarette smoke exposure. CONCLUSIONS Repeated cigarette smoke exposure induces reversible muscle signaling alterations that are dependent on the duration of the cigarette smoke exposure. These results highlights a beneficial aspect associated with smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-André Caron
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, and Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu C. Morissette
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Thériault
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, and Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jake K. Nikota
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin R. Stämpfli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St. Joseph’s Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Debigaré
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, and Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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