1
|
Aguilar J, Malacrida L, Gunther G, Torrado B, Torres V, Urbano BF, Sánchez SA. Cells immersed in collagen matrices show a decrease in plasma membrane fluidity as the matrix stiffness increases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184176. [PMID: 37328024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cells are constantly adapting to maintain their identity in response to the surrounding media's temporal and spatial heterogeneity. The plasma membrane, which participates in the transduction of external signals, plays a crucial role in this adaptation. Studies suggest that nano and micrometer areas with different fluidities at the plasma membrane change their distribution in response to external mechanical signals. However, investigations linking fluidity domains with mechanical stimuli, specifically matrix stiffness, are still in progress. This report tests the hypothesis that the stiffness of the extracellular matrix can modify the equilibrium of areas with different order in the plasma membrane, resulting in changes in overall membrane fluidity distribution. We studied the effect of matrix stiffness on the distribution of membrane lipid domains in NIH-3 T3 cells immersed in matrices of varying concentrations of collagen type I, for 24 or 72 h. The stiffness and viscoelastic properties of the collagen matrices were characterized by rheometry, fiber sizes were measured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the volume occupied by the fibers by second harmonic generation imaging (SHG). Membrane fluidity was measured using the fluorescent dye LAURDAN and spectral phasor analysis. The results demonstrate that an increase in collagen stiffness alters the distribution of membrane fluidity, leading to an increasing amount of the LAURDAN fraction with a high degree of packing. These findings suggest that changes in the equilibrium of fluidity domains could represent a versatile and refined component of the signal transduction mechanism for cells to respond to the highly heterogeneous matrix structural composition. Overall, this study sheds light on the importance of the plasma membrane's role in adapting to the extracellular matrix's mechanical cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joao Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Macromoleculares (LIMM), Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - German Gunther
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Belén Torrado
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of California at Irvine, California, USA
| | - Viviana Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Bruno F Urbano
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Macromoleculares (LIMM), Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Susana A Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Macromoleculares (LIMM), Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The emerging role of red blood cells in cytokine signalling and modulating immune cells. Blood Rev 2019; 41:100644. [PMID: 31812320 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For many years red blood cells have been described as inert bystanders rather than participants in intercellular signalling, immune function, and inflammatory processes. However, studies are now reporting that red blood cells from healthy individuals regulate immune cell activity and maturation, and red blood cells from disease cohorts are dysfunctional. These cells have now been shown to bind more than 50 cytokines and have been described as a sink for these molecules, and the loss of this activity has been correlated with disease progression. In this review, we summarise what is currently understood about the role of red blood cells in cytokine signalling and in modulating the activity of immune cells. We also discuss the implications of these findings for transfusion medicine and in furthering our understanding of anaemia of chronic inflammation. By bringing these disparate units of work together, we aim to shine a light on an area that requires significantly more investigation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Nemkov T, Reisz JA, Xia Y, Zimring JC, D’Alessandro A. Red blood cells as an organ? How deep omics characterization of the most abundant cell in the human body highlights other systemic metabolic functions beyond oxygen transport. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:855-864. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1531710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver – Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver – Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Houston – McGovern Medical School , Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver – Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valencia AM, Cai CL, Tan J, Duggan TJ, Valencia GB, Aranda JV, Beharry KD. Intravitreal bevacizumab alters type IV collagenases and exacerbates arrested alveologenesis in the neonatal rat lungs. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:120-133. [PMID: 28409646 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1306897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) is an irreversible vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor used off-label to treat severe retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low gestational age neonates. VEGF and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) participate in lung maturation. We tested the hypothesis that intravitreal bevacizumab enters the systemic circulation and has long-lasting effects on lung MMPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Neonatal rats were exposed to: (1) hyperoxia (50% O2); (2) intermittent hypoxia (IH) (50% O2 with brief episodes of 12% O2); or (3) room air (RA) from birth (P0) to P14. At P14, the time of eye opening in rats, a single dose of Avastin (0.125 mg) was injected into the vitreous cavity of the left eye. A control group received equivalent volume saline. At P23 and P45, lung MMP-2 and MMP-9, and TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were assessed in the lungs. RESULTS At P23, Avastin increased MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in the hyperoxia group but decreased TIMP-1 levels in the IH group. The ratios of MMP-2/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 were significantly elevated at P23 in the IH group treated with Avastin. At P45, the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 remained elevated in the hyperoxia and IH groups treated with Avastin, while a rebound increase in TIMP-1 levels was noted in the IH group. CONCLUSIONS Avastin treatment in IH has lasting alterations in the balance between MMPs and their tissue inhibitors. These changes may lead to impaired alveologenesis and tissue damage consistent with bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arwin M Valencia
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA.,b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , Sumerlin Hospital Medical Center, Valley Healthcare System , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Charles L Cai
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA
| | - Jeffrey Tan
- c Department of Ophthalmology , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York , USA.,d SUNY Eye Institute , New York , New York , USA
| | - Thomas J Duggan
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA.,c Department of Ophthalmology , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York , USA.,d SUNY Eye Institute , New York , New York , USA
| | - Kay D Beharry
- a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn , New York , USA.,c Department of Ophthalmology , State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center , Brooklyn, New York , USA.,d SUNY Eye Institute , New York , New York , USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee S, Serpooshan V, Tong X, Venkatraman S, Lee M, Lee J, Chirikian O, Wu JC, Wu SM, Yang F. Contractile force generation by 3D hiPSC-derived cardiac tissues is enhanced by rapid establishment of cellular interconnection in matrix with muscle-mimicking stiffness. Biomaterials 2017; 131:111-120. [PMID: 28384492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Engineering 3D human cardiac tissues is of great importance for therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. As cardiac tissue substitutes, extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels have been widely explored. However, they exhibit premature degradation and their stiffness is often orders of magnitude lower than that of native cardiac tissue. There are no reports on establishing interconnected cardiomyocytes in 3D hydrogels at physiologically-relevant cell density and matrix stiffness. Here we bioengineer human cardiac microtissues by encapsulating human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in chemically-crosslinked gelatin hydrogels (1.25 × 108/mL) with tunable stiffness and degradation. In comparison to the cells in high stiffness (16 kPa)/slow degrading hydrogels, hiPSC-CMs in low stiffness (2 kPa)/fast degrading and intermediate stiffness (9 kPa)/intermediate degrading hydrogels exhibit increased intercellular network formation, α-actinin and connexin-43 expression, and contraction velocity. Only the 9 kPa microtissues exhibit organized sarcomeric structure and significantly increased contractile stress. This demonstrates that muscle-mimicking stiffness together with robust cellular interconnection contributes to enhancement in sarcomeric organization and contractile function of the engineered cardiac tissue. This study highlights the importance of intercellular connectivity, physiologically-relevant cell density, and matrix stiffness to best support 3D cardiac tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soah Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vahid Serpooshan
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sneha Venkatraman
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Biology Program, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USA
| | - Meelim Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jaecheol Lee
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Orlando Chirikian
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Biology Program, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean M Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brahimi-Horn MC, Giuliano S, Saland E, Lacas-Gervais S, Sheiko T, Pelletier J, Bourget I, Bost F, Féral C, Boulter E, Tauc M, Ivan M, Garmy-Susini B, Popa A, Mari B, Sarry JE, Craigen WJ, Pouysségur J, Mazure NM. Knockout of Vdac1 activates hypoxia-inducible factor through reactive oxygen species generation and induces tumor growth by promoting metabolic reprogramming and inflammation. Cancer Metab 2015; 3:8. [PMID: 26322231 PMCID: PMC4551760 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-015-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are more than just the powerhouse of cells; they dictate if a cell dies or survives. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that constantly undergo fusion and fission in response to environmental conditions. We showed previously that mitochondria of cells in a low oxygen environment (hypoxia) hyperfuse to form enlarged or highly interconnected networks with enhanced metabolic efficacy and resistance to apoptosis. Modifications to the appearance and metabolic capacity of mitochondria have been reported in cancer. However, the precise mechanisms regulating mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism in cancer are unknown. Since hypoxia plays a role in the generation of these abnormal mitochondria, we questioned if it modulates mitochondrial function. The mitochondrial outer-membrane voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) is at center stage in regulating metabolism and apoptosis. We demonstrated previously that VDAC1 was post-translationally C-terminal cleaved not only in various hypoxic cancer cells but also in tumor tissues of patients with lung adenocarcinomas. Cells with enlarged mitochondria and cleaved VDAC1 were also more resistant to chemotherapy-stimulated cell death than normoxic cancer cells. Results Transcriptome analysis of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) knocked out for Vdac1 highlighted alterations in not only cancer and inflammatory pathways but also in the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway in normoxia. HIF-1α was stable in normoxia due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which decreased respiration and glycolysis and maintained basal apoptosis. However, in hypoxia, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in combination with maintenance of respiration and increased glycolysis counterbalanced the deleterious effects of enhanced ROS, thereby allowing Vdac1−/− MEF to proliferate better than wild-type MEF in hypoxia. Allografts of RAS-transformed Vdac1−/− MEF exhibited stabilization of both HIF-1α and HIF-2α, blood vessel destabilization, and a strong inflammatory response. Moreover, expression of Cdkn2a, a HIF-1-target and tumor suppressor gene, was markedly decreased. Consequently, RAS-transformed Vdac1−/− MEF tumors grew faster than wild-type MEF tumors. Conclusions Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells may be regulated by VDAC1 through vascular destabilization and inflammation. These findings provide new perspectives into the understanding of VDAC1 in the function of mitochondria not only in cancer but also in inflammatory diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40170-015-0133-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Christiane Brahimi-Horn
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM-UPSIII U1037, Oncopole, Toulouse, 31037 Cedex 1 France
| | - Sandra Lacas-Gervais
- Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 28 Ave Valombrose, 06103 Nice, France
| | - Tatiana Sheiko
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM225, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Joffrey Pelletier
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Isabelle Bourget
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 28 Ave de Valombrose, 06107 cedex 02 Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Bost
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes, and University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Chloé Féral
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 28 Ave de Valombrose, 06107 cedex 02 Nice, France
| | - Etienne Boulter
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 28 Ave de Valombrose, 06107 cedex 02 Nice, France
| | - Michel Tauc
- Faculté de Médecine, LP2M - CNRS UMR-7370, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, Nice, 06107 cedex 2 France
| | - Mircea Ivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Barbara Garmy-Susini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1048, Rangueil Hospital, 1 Avenue Professeur Jean Poulhes, BP 84225, 31432 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Popa
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS UMR 7275, Sophia Antipolis, & University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS UMR 7275, Sophia Antipolis, & University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM-UPSIII U1037, Oncopole, Toulouse, 31037 Cedex 1 France
| | - William J Craigen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM225, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France.,Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monte Carlo, Sophia Antipolis, Monaco
| | - Nathalie M Mazure
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Human Red Blood Cells Contain Antifibrogenic Factors That Stimulate MMP-1 Expression in Dermal Fibroblasts. J Burn Care Res 2013; 34:e143-52. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e3182642bf8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Akbari A, Li Y, Kilani RT, Ghahary A. Red blood cell lysate modulates the expression of extracellular matrix proteins in dermal fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 370:79-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
9
|
Rowe RG, Keena D, Sabeh F, Willis AL, Weiss SJ. Pulmonary fibroblasts mobilize the membrane-tethered matrix metalloprotease, MT1-MMP, to destructively remodel and invade interstitial type I collagen barriers. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301:L683-92. [PMID: 21840960 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00187.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute and chronic lung disease, widespread disruption of tissue architecture underlies compromised pulmonary function. Pulmonary fibroblasts have been implicated as critical effectors of tissue-destructive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling by mobilizing a spectrum of proteolytic enzymes. Although efforts to date have focused on the catabolism of type I collagen, the predominant component of the lung interstitial matrix, the key collagenolytic enzymes employed by pulmonary fibroblasts remain unidentified. Herein, membrane type-1 matrix metalloprotease (MT1-MMP) is identified as the dominant and direct-acting protease responsible for the type I collagenolytic activity mediated by both mouse and human pulmonary fibroblasts. Furthermore, MT1-MMP is shown to be essential for pulmonary fibroblast migration within three-dimensional (3-D) hydrogels of cross-linked type I collagen that recapitulate ECM barriers encountered in the in vivo environment. Together, these findings demonstrate that MT1-MMP serves as a key effector of type I collagenolytic activity in pulmonary fibroblasts and earmark this pericellular collagenase as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Grant Rowe
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2216, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sughrue ME, Kaur R, Kane AJ, Rutkowski MJ, Yang I, Pitts LH, Tihan T, Parsa AT. Intratumoral hemorrhage and fibrosis in vestibular schwannoma: a possible mechanism for hearing loss. J Neurosurg 2010; 114:386-93. [PMID: 20560722 DOI: 10.3171/2010.5.jns10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign lesions with an unpredictable natural history. Perhaps the greatest barrier to predicting which patients need treatment is our poor understanding of how these tumors cause hearing loss in the first place. In this case-control study, the authors investigated the relationship between preoperative hearing loss and histological changes such as intratumoral microhemorrhage and extensive fibrosis. METHODS From a prospectively collected database, the authors selected all patients with VS who had undergone microsurgical resection as their initial treatment for histopathologically confirmed VS. Histological specimens obtained in 274 of these patients were systematically reviewed by a blinded neuropathologist who graded the extent of microhemorrhage and fibrosis in these tumors. The effect of these variables on preoperative hearing loss was studied using binary logistic regression. RESULTS On univariate analysis, patients with extensive intratumoral microhemorrhage or fibrosis (p < 0.0001), patients with larger tumors (p < 0.05), and patients 65 years of age or older (p < 0.05) were significantly more likely to have unserviceable hearing at the time of surgery. On multivariate analysis, only patients with extensive intratumoral microhemorrhage or fibrosis had an increased risk of having unserviceable hearing at the time of surgery (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.3-10; p = 0.01). Older age and tumor size greater than 3 cm were not statistically significant risk factors for hearing loss, controlling for the effect of microhemorrhage and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the authors have demonstrated a correlation between the extent of nonneoplastic histological changes, such as microhemorrhage and fibrosis, and hearing loss. This alternate hypothesis has the potential to explain many of the exceptions to previously described mechanisms of hearing loss in patients with VS. The advent of high-resolution MR imaging technology to identify microhemorrhages may provide a method to screen for patients with VS at risk for hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Sughrue
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Red blood cells release factors with growth and survival bioactivities for normal and leukemic T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2010; 89:111-21. [PMID: 20440295 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2010.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human red blood cells are emerging as a cell type capable to regulate biological processes of neighboring cells. Hereby, we show that human red blood cell conditioned media contains bioactive factors that favor proliferation of normal activated T cells and leukemic Jurkat T cells, and therefore called erythrocyte-derived growth and survival factors. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy in parallel with bioactivity assays revealed that the erythrocyte factors are present in the vesicle-free supernatant, which contains up to 20 different proteins. The erythrocyte factors are thermosensitive and do not contain lipids. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by passive elution and mass spectrometry identification reduced the potential erythrocyte factors to hemoglobin and peroxiredoxin II. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis of the erythrocyte factors revealed the presence of multiple hemoglobin oxy-deoxy states and peroxiredoxin II isoforms differing in their isoelectric point akin to the presence of β-globin chains. Our results show that red blood cells release protein factors with the capacity to sustain T-cell growth and survival. These factors may have an unforeseen role in sustaining malignant cell growth and survival in vivo.
Collapse
|
12
|
Vavken P, Murray MM. Translational studies in anterior cruciate ligament repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:5-11. [PMID: 20143926 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Translational research, which can be explained as the principle of combining advances in both basic research and clinical understanding in a bedside-to-bench-to-bedside approach, has become one of the central themes of present-day medical research. One orthopedic problem that has strongly benefited from such an approach is tissue-engineering-enhanced primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament. Recent years have shown a clearer definition of the clinical problem and established an underlying mechanistic cause of the incapacity of the anterior cruciate ligament to heal-the premature loss of provisional scaffold in the wound site. These clinical findings were then translated into a research objective, namely, to replace the missing scaffold with a biomaterial with appropriate structural and bio-stimulatory characteristics. Subsequently, a tissue-engineering-based treatment using a collagen-platelet composite was developed and tested in vitro. After proofing the efficacy of this new treatment in the laboratory, it was translated into a potential clinical application, which showed highly successful results in structural integrity and biomechanical capacity in large animal testing. This approach of defining the scientific mechanism underlying a clinical observation and then using that information to design new therapies is but one example of how translational research in tissue engineering can help define and develop new treatments for challenging problems faced by patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vavken
- Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Antunes RF, Brandão C, Carvalho G, Girão C, Arosa FA. Red blood cells carry out T cell growth and survival bioactivities that are sensitive to cyclosporine A. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:3387-98. [PMID: 19727558 PMCID: PMC11115896 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBC) have emerged as a novel regulatory cell type endowed with bioactivities toward activated human T cells. Herein we show that the RBC bioactivities act on intracellular pathways initiated by T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent and -independent stimuli,including IL-2, IL-15, and the mixture of phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin. The RBC bioactivities preserve the antioxidant status and are capable of rescuing activated T cells from cell death induced by serum deprivation. They are not mediated by glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked receptors or sialic acids, and kinetic studies revealed that they hasten the entrance into the cell cycle. By using cyclosporine A (CsA) and rapamycin (Rapa) we show that the RBC bioactivities are calcineurin-dependent. Thus, treatment of T cells with CsA, but not Rapa, impaired RBC bioactivities, and preincubation of RBC with CsA completely abolished their bioactivities. We have demonstrated that RBC carry out bioactivities that are sensitive to CsA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F. Antunes
- Lymphocyte Biology Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Brandão
- Lymphocyte Biology Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Carvalho
- Lymphocyte Biology Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Girão
- Lymphocyte Biology Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando A. Arosa
- Lymphocyte Biology Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
- Present Address: Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS), Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde–Norte, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Abstract
Emphysema is characterized by the destruction of alveolar parenchymal tissue and the concordant loss of lung epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and interstitial mesenchymal cells. Key features in the pathobiology of emphysema include inflammation, alveolar epithelial cell injury/apoptosis, and excessive activation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteases. Mesenchymal cells are versatile connective tissue cells that are critical effectors of wound-repair. The excessive loss of connective tissue and the destruction of alveolar septae in emphysema suggest that the mesenchymal cell reparative response to epithelial injury is impaired. Yet, the mechanisms regulating mesenchymal cell (dys)function in emphysema remain poorly understood. We propose that mesenchymal cell fate, modulated by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) and the balance of ECM proteases and antiproteases, is a critical determinant of the emphysema phenotype. We examine emphysema in the context of wound-repair responses, with a focus on the regulation of mesenchymal cell fate and phenotype. We discuss the emerging evidence supporting that genetic factors, inflammation and environmental factors, including cigarette smoke itself, collectively impair mesenchymal cell survival and function, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2319, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Margulis A, Nocka KH, Wood NL, Wolf SF, Goldman SJ, Kasaian MT. MMP dependence of fibroblast contraction and collagen production induced by human mast cell activation in a three-dimensional collagen lattice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2008; 296:L236-47. [PMID: 19060229 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.90462.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell-fibroblast interactions may contribute to fibrosis in asthma and other disease states. Fibroblast contraction is known to be stimulated by coculture with the human mast cell line, HMC-1, or by mast cell-derived agents. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) can also mediate contraction, but the MMP-dependence of mast cell-induced fibroblast contractility is not established, and the consequences of mast cell activation within the coculture system have not been fully explored. We demonstrate that activation of primary human mast cells (pHMC) with IgE receptor cross-linking, or activation of HMC-1 with C5a, enhanced contractility of human lung fibroblasts in a three-dimensional collagen lattice system. This enhanced contractility was inhibited by the pan-MMP antagonist, batimastat, and was transferrable in the conditioned medium of activated mast cells. Exogenously added MMPs promoted gel contraction by mediating the proteolytic activation of latent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Consistent with this, fibroblast contraction induced by mast cell activation was enhanced by addition of excess latent TGF-beta to the cultures. Batimastat inhibited this response, suggesting that MMPs capable of activating latent TGF-beta were released following mast cell activation in coculture with fibroblasts. Collagen production was also stimulated by activated mast cells in an MMP-dependent manner. MMP-2 and MMP-3 content of the gels increased in the presence of activated mast cells, and inhibition of these enzymes blocked the contractile response. These findings demonstrate the MMP dependence of mast cell-induced fibroblast contraction and collagen production.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bildt MM, Bloemen M, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Von den Hoff JW. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors reduce collagen gel contraction and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression by periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2008; 44:266-74. [PMID: 18973523 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Orthodontic tooth movement requires remodeling of the periodontal tissues. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the extracellular matrix components of the periodontal ligament, while the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) control their activity. Synthetic MMP inhibitors have been developed to inhibit MMP activity. In this study, periodontal ligament cells in contracting collagen gels served as a model for enhanced periodontal remodeling. The effect of MMP inhibitors on gel contraction and on MMP and TIMP expression was analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured in three-dimensional collagen gels and incubated with the MMP inhibitors BB94, CMT-3, doxycycline and Ilomastat. Gel contraction was determined using consecutive photographs. The relative amounts of MMPs and TIMPs were analyzed using substrate zymography and mRNA expression using quantitative polyermase chain reaction. RESULTS All MMP inhibitors reduced MMP activity to about 20% of the control activity. They all reduced contraction, but CMT-3 and doxycycline had the strongest effect. These inhibitors also reduced MMP-2, MMP-3 and alpha-smooth muscle actin mRNA expression. The expression of MMP-1 mRNA seemed to be increased by CMT-3. No effects were found on the amounts of MMPs and TIMPs. CONCLUSION Synthetic MMP inhibitors strongly reduced gel contraction by periodontal ligament cells. This was primarily caused by an inhibitory effect on MMP activity, which reduces matrix remodeling. In addition, alpha-smooth muscle actin expression was reduced by CMT-3 and doxycycline, which limits the contractile activity of the fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Bildt
- Orthodontics & Oral Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jacobson M, Fufa D, Abreu EL, Kevy S, Murray MM. Platelets, but not erythrocytes, significantly affect cytokine release and scaffold contraction in a provisional scaffold model. Wound Repair Regen 2008; 16:370-8. [PMID: 18471255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2008.00376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Platelets and erythrocytes are major components of wound provisional scaffolding. In this study, we hypothesized that the concentration of platelets and erythrocytes would significantly affect fibroblast-mediated contraction of three-dimensional scaffolds or the release of cytokines from the scaffold. To test this hypothesis, human anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts were cultured in one of four scaffolds: a collagen matrix, a collagen-fibrin matrix containing the same concentration of platelets as whole blood, a collagen-fibrin matrix containing a high platelet concentration, and a collagen-fibrin matrix containing a high platelet concentration and red blood cells. Cytokine release from the four groups of gels and gel contraction were measured over a 10-day period. The results of these assays supported greater cytokine release, fibroblast proliferation, and gel contraction in scaffolds with higher platelet concentration. In contrast, the addition of erythrocytes did not significantly stimulate or suppress scaffold contraction or growth factor release from the provisional scaffolds. We concluded that while platelet concentration can significantly impact cytokine release and scaffold retraction in a provisional scaffold, the inclusion of erythrocytes does not have a significant effect on these same behaviors. Therefore, while platelets may be an important regulator of repair processes after injury, it is less likely that erythrocytes have a similar function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Jacobson
- CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mikko M, Fredriksson K, Wahlström J, Eriksson P, Grunewald J, Sköld CM. Human T cells stimulate fibroblast-mediated degradation of extracellular matrix in vitro. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 151:317-25. [PMID: 18062794 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several chronic diseases are characterized by inflammation, T cell recruitment and tissue remodelling. We hypothesized that activated T cells may stimulate remodelling of extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro. Total T cells (CD3+) as well as CD4+ and CD8+ subsets were isolated from peripheral blood and stimulated, after which conditioned media (CM) were obtained. CM was added to human lung fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen gels and the area of gels was measured daily. Hydroxyproline was determined as a measure of collagen degradation in the gels. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in the culture media was analysed by gelatine zymography. Cytokine secretion of stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was analysed. CD3+ CM augmented collagen gel contraction in a time- and dose-dependent manner (P < 0.0001). CD4+ T cell CM was more potent than CD8+ T cell CM (P < 0.001). CD3+ CM and CD4+ T cell CM, but not CD8+ T cell CM, stimulated fibroblast-mediated collagen degradation and MMP-9 activity. A broad-spectrum MMP-inhibitor added to the culture system inhibited both gel contraction and MMP activity. Activated CD4+ T cells secreted significantly more tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6 compared to CD8+ T cells. CD3+ CM from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stimulated fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction to the same magnitude as CD3+ CM from healthy controls. In conclusion, activated CD4+ T cells can stimulate fibroblast-mediated degradation of ECM in vitro. This could be a mechanism by which activated T cells stimulate degradation of lung tissue leading to pulmonary emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mikko
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pakozdi A, Amin MA, Haas CS, Martinez RJ, Haines GK, Santos LL, Morand EF, David JR, Koch AE. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: a mediator of matrix metalloproteinase-2 production in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 8:R132. [PMID: 16872482 PMCID: PMC1779381 DOI: 10.1186/ar2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of bone and cartilage, which is mediated, in part, by synovial fibroblasts. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of proteolytic enzymes responsible for matrix degradation. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine that induces the production of a large number of proinflammatory molecules and has an important role in the pathogenesis of RA by promoting inflammation and angiogenesis. In the present study, we determined the role of MIF in RA synovial fibroblast MMP production and the underlying signaling mechanisms. We found that MIF induces RA synovial fibroblast MMP-2 expression in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. To elucidate the role of MIF in MMP-2 production, we produced zymosan-induced arthritis (ZIA) in MIF gene-deficient and wild-type mice. We found that MMP-2 protein levels were significantly decreased in MIF gene-deficient compared with wild-type mice joint homogenates. The expression of MMP-2 in ZIA was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC revealed that MMP-2 is highly expressed in wild-type compared with MIF gene-deficient mice ZIA joints. Interestingly, synovial lining cells, endothelial cells, and sublining nonlymphoid mononuclear cells expressed MMP-2 in the ZIA synovium. Consistent with these results, in methylated BSA (mBSA) antigen-induced arthritis (AIA), a model of RA, enhanced MMP-2 expression was also observed in wild-type compared with MIF gene-deficient mice joints. To elucidate the signaling mechanisms in MIF-induced MMP-2 upregulation, RA synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with MIF in the presence of signaling inhibitors. We found that MIF-induced RA synovial fibroblast MMP-2 upregulation required the protein kinase C (PKC), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Src signaling pathways. We studied the expression of MMP-2 in the presence of PKC isoform-specific inhibitors and found that the PKCdelta inhibitor rottlerin inhibits MIF-induced RA synovial fibroblast MMP-2 production. Consistent with these results, MIF induced phosphorylation of JNK, PKCdelta, and c-jun. These results indicate a potential novel role for MIF in tissue destruction in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pakozdi
- University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mohammad A Amin
- University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christian S Haas
- University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rita J Martinez
- University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - G Kenneth Haines
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lanie L Santos
- Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Locked Back No 29, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Eric F Morand
- Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Locked Back No 29, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia
| | - John R David
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alisa E Koch
- University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- VA Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| |
Collapse
|