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Lu T, Lee HC. Coronary Large Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750618. [PMID: 34744789 PMCID: PMC8567020 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, while cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death in both men and women with diabetes. Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are abundantly expressed in arteries and are the key ionic determinant of vascular tone and organ perfusion. It is well established that the downregulation of vascular BK channel function with reduced BK channel protein expression and altered intrinsic BK channel biophysical properties is associated with diabetic vasculopathy. Recent efforts also showed that diabetes-associated changes in signaling pathways and transcriptional factors contribute to the downregulation of BK channel expression. This manuscript will review our current understandings on the molecular, physiological, and biophysical mechanisms that underlie coronary BK channelopathy in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Role of Airway Smooth Muscle in Inflammation Related to Asthma and COPD. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:139-172. [PMID: 33788192 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle contributes to both contractility and inflammation in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD. Airway smooth muscle cells can change the degree of a variety of functions, including contraction, proliferation, migration, and the secretion of inflammatory mediators (phenotype plasticity). Airflow limitation, airway hyperresponsiveness, β2-adrenergic desensitization, and airway remodeling, which are fundamental characteristic features of these diseases, are caused by phenotype changes in airway smooth muscle cells. Alterations between contractile and hyper-contractile, synthetic/proliferative phenotypes result from Ca2+ dynamics and Ca2+ sensitization. Modulation of Ca2+ dynamics through the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel/L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel linkage and of Ca2+ sensitization through the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway contributes not only to alterations in the contractile phenotype involved in airflow limitation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and β2-adrenergic desensitization but also to alteration of the synthetic/proliferative phenotype involved in airway remodeling. These Ca2+ signal pathways are also associated with synergistic effects due to allosteric modulation between β2-adrenergic agonists and muscarinic antagonists. Therefore, airway smooth muscle may be a target tissue in the therapy for these diseases. Moreover, the phenotype changing in airway smooth muscle cells with focuses on Ca2+ signaling may provide novel strategies for research and development of effective remedies against both bronchoconstriction and inflammation.
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Cai C, Bian X, Xue M, Liu X, Hu H, Wang J, Zheng SG, Sun B, Wu JL. Eicosanoids metabolized through LOX distinguish asthma-COPD overlap from COPD by metabolomics study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:1769-1778. [PMID: 31496676 PMCID: PMC6689553 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s207023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The prevalence of asthma is greater than 20% in patients previously diagnosed with COPD. Patients with asthma–COPD overlap (ACO) are at risk of rapid progression of disease and severe exacerbations. However, in some patients with ACO, a clear distinction from COPD is very difficult by using physiological testing techniques. This study aimed to apply a novel metabolomic approach to identify the metabolites in sera in order to distinguish ACO from COPD. Methods In the study, blood samples were collected from patients with COPD, ACO, and healthy controls. Cholamine derivatization-ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to investigate serum metabolites of eicosanoids. Results A clear intergroup separation existed between the patients with ACO and those with COPD, while ACO tends to have higher serum metabolic levels of eicosanoids. A robust Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) model was found for discriminating between ACO and COPD (R2Y =0.81, Q2=0.79). In addition, there is a significant correlation between some metabolites and clinical indicators, such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) and FEV1/FVC. The higher values of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) of HETEs, which were metabolized from HPETEs through lipoxygenase (LOX), indicated that they should be the potential biomarkers to distinguish ACO from COPD. Conclusion Eicosanoids can clearly discriminate different biochemical metabolic profiles between ACO and COPD. The results possibly provide a new perspective to identify potential biomarkers of ACO and may be helpful for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxu Cai
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiqing Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingshan Xue
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haisheng Hu
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxian Wang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
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Calzetta L, Rogliani P, Page C, Rinaldi B, Cazzola M, Matera MG. Pharmacological characterization of the interaction between tiotropium bromide and olodaterol on human bronchi and small airways. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2019; 56:39-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Zscheppang K, Berg J, Hedtrich S, Verheyen L, Wagner DE, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S, Hocke AC. Human Pulmonary 3D Models For Translational Research. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:1700341. [PMID: 28865134 PMCID: PMC7161817 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung diseases belong to the major causes of death worldwide. Recent innovative methodological developments now allow more and more for the use of primary human tissue and cells to model such diseases. In this regard, the review covers bronchial air-liquid interface cultures, precision cut lung slices as well as ex vivo cultures of explanted peripheral lung tissue and de-/re-cellularization models. Diseases such as asthma or infections are discussed and an outlook on further areas for development is given. Overall, the progress in ex vivo modeling by using primary human material could make translational research activities more efficient by simultaneously fostering the mechanistic understanding of human lung diseases while reducing animal usage in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zscheppang
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Johanna Berg
- Department of BiotechnologyTechnical University of BerlinGustav‐Meyer‐Allee 25Berlin 13335Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute for PharmacyPharmacology and ToxicologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Leonie Verheyen
- Institute for PharmacyPharmacology and ToxicologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Darcy E. Wagner
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Comprehensive Pneumology CenterMember of the German Center for Lung ResearchMunichGermany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Andreas C. Hocke
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
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Elshenawy OH, Shoieb SM, Mohamed A, El-Kadi AOS. Clinical Implications of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in the Kidney, Liver, Lung and Brain: An Emerging Therapeutic Target. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9010009. [PMID: 28230738 PMCID: PMC5374375 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) is an important pathway for the formation of eicosanoids. The ω-hydroxylation of AA generates significant levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in various tissues. In the current review, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in the kidney, liver, lung, and brain during physiological and pathophysiological states. Moreover, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in tumor formation, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In the kidney, 20-HETE is involved in modulation of preglomerular vascular tone and tubular ion transport. Furthermore, 20-HETE is involved in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and polycystic kidney diseases. The role of 20-HETE in the liver is not clearly understood although it represents 50%-75% of liver CYP-dependent AA metabolism, and it is associated with liver cirrhotic ascites. In the respiratory system, 20-HETE plays a role in pulmonary cell survival, pulmonary vascular tone and tone of the airways. As for the brain, 20-HETE is involved in cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, 20-HETE has angiogenic and mitogenic properties and thus helps in tumor promotion. Several inhibitors and inducers of the synthesis of 20-HETE as well as 20-HETE analogues and antagonists are recently available and could be promising therapeutic options for the treatment of many disease states in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama H Elshenawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Sherif M Shoieb
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Anwar Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
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Elinder F, Liin SI. Actions and Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Voltage-Gated Ion Channels. Front Physiol 2017; 8:43. [PMID: 28220076 PMCID: PMC5292575 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) act on most ion channels, thereby having significant physiological and pharmacological effects. In this review we summarize data from numerous PUFAs on voltage-gated ion channels containing one or several voltage-sensor domains, such as voltage-gated sodium (NaV), potassium (KV), calcium (CaV), and proton (HV) channels, as well as calcium-activated potassium (KCa), and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Some effects of fatty acids appear to be channel specific, whereas others seem to be more general. Common features for the fatty acids to act on the ion channels are at least two double bonds in cis geometry and a charged carboxyl group. In total we identify and label five different sites for the PUFAs. PUFA site 1: The intracellular cavity. Binding of PUFA reduces the current, sometimes as a time-dependent block, inducing an apparent inactivation. PUFA site 2: The extracellular entrance to the pore. Binding leads to a block of the channel. PUFA site 3: The intracellular gate. Binding to this site can bend the gate open and increase the current. PUFA site 4: The interface between the extracellular leaflet of the lipid bilayer and the voltage-sensor domain. Binding to this site leads to an opening of the channel via an electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged PUFA and the positively charged voltage sensor. PUFA site 5: The interface between the extracellular leaflet of the lipid bilayer and the pore domain. Binding to this site affects slow inactivation. This mapping of functional PUFA sites can form the basis for physiological and pharmacological modifications of voltage-gated ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Elinder
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sara I Liin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
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Cazzola M, Calzetta L, Puxeddu E, Ora J, Facciolo F, Rogliani P, Matera MG. Pharmacological characterisation of the interaction between glycopyrronium bromide and indacaterol fumarate in human isolated bronchi, small airways and bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2016; 17:70. [PMID: 27296533 PMCID: PMC4906998 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, there is a considerable gap in knowledge concerning the mechanism(s) by which long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) interact to induce bronchodilation. This study aimed to characterise the pharmacological interaction between glycopyrronium bromide and indacaterol fumarate and to identify the mechanism(s) leading to the bronchorelaxant effect of this interaction. METHODS The effects of glycopyrronium plus indacaterol on the contractile tone of medium and small human isolated bronchi were evaluated, and acetylcholine and cAMP concentrations were quantified. The interaction was assessed by Bliss Independence approach. RESULTS Glycopyrronium plus indacaterol synergistically inhibited the bronchial tone (medium bronchi, +32.51 % ± 7.86 %; small bronchi, +28.46 % ± 5.35 %; P < 0.05 vs. additive effect). The maximal effect was reached 140 min post-administration. A significant (P < 0.05) synergistic effect was observed during 9 h post-administration on the cholinergic tone, but not on the histaminergic contractility. Co-administration of glycopyrronium and indacaterol reduced the release of acetylcholine from the epithelium but not from bronchi, and enhanced cAMP levels in bronchi and epithelial cells (P < 0.05 vs. control), an effect that was inhibited by the selective KCa(++) channel blocker iberiotoxin. The role of cAMP-dependent pathway was confirmed by the synergistic effect elicited by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin on glycopyrronium (P < 0.05 vs. additive effect), but not on indacaterol (P > 0.05 vs. additive effect), with regard of the bronchial relaxant response and cAMP increase. CONCLUSIONS Glycopyrronium/indacaterol co-administration leads to a synergistic improvement of bronchodilation by increasing cAMP concentrations in both airway smooth muscle and bronchial epithelium, and by decreasing acetylcholine release from the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Respiratory Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, Respiratory Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ermanno Puxeddu
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Josuel Ora
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Thoracic Surgery Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Ma WJ, Sun YH, Jiang JX, Dong XW, Zhou JY, Xie QM. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids attenuate cigarette smoke extract-induced interleukin-8 production in bronchial epithelial cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 94:13-9. [PMID: 25467970 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In response to endothelial cell activation, arachidonic acid can be converted by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which have potent vasodilator and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous EETs on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells (NCI-H292). We found that CSE inhibited the expression of CYP2C8 and mildly stimulated the expression of epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) but did not change the expression of CYP2J2. Treatment with 11,12-EET or 14,15-EET attenuated the CSE-induced release of interleukin (IL)-8 by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Our results demonstrated that CSE may reduce the anti-inflammatory ability of epithelial cells themselves by lowering the EET level. EETs from pulmonary epithelial cells may play a critical protective role on epithelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiang Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun-Xia Jiang
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Wei Dong
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Qiang-Min Xie
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Laboratory Animal Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Burgazli KM, Foerster N, Meriçliler M, Chasan R, Parahuleva M, Erdogan A. Effects of parathyroid hormone-related peptide on the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel and calcium homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Postgrad Med 2014; 126:76-85. [PMID: 24685970 DOI: 10.3810/pgm.2014.03.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIM To demonstrate the impact of the parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on the large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and hyperpolarization of the cell membrane and its dependence on calcium. MATERIALS AND METHODS VSMC were isolated from rat aorta and further subcultured. Four experiments were conducted in calcium-release measurements and each of them consisted of a control group, PTHrP, chemical substance, and PTHrP + chemical substance. Chemical substances used were: iberiotoxin, xestospongin C, xestospongin D, and thapsigargin, respectively. Fura-2 imaging was used to determine changes in calcium release of VSMC. In membrane-potential experiments, groups were designed similarly to the Fura-2 imaging experiments: iberiotoxin, BAPTA, and xestospongin D were added, in respective order. Changes in the membrane potential were examined using the fluorescence dye (DiBAC). RESULTS Given in a dose between 0.01 and 1.0 μmol/L, PTHrP caused a concentration-dependent decrease in fluorescence intensity, with a maximum effect at 0.5 μmol/L. The decrease, therefore, demonstrated a PTHrP-induced hyperpolarization of the VSMC. The effect was blocked by use of iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L), a highly selective inhibitor of BKCa. Furthermore, when the calcium chelator BAPTA (10 μmol/L) was added, there was a significant reduction in PTHrP-induced hyperpolarization. Use of PTHrP (0.5 μmol/L) also decreased the fluorescence intensity of the indicator for intracellular calcium, Fura-2AM (a membrane-permeable derivative of Fura 2). This effect was re-blocked by use of iberiotoxin. Xestospongin C (3 μmol/L) and xestospongin D (6 μmol/L), both inhibitors of the inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate-triggered calcium release, inhibited the effects of PTHrP. Additionally, thapsigargin (1 μmol/L), a sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, inhibited the effect of PTHrP. CONCLUSION The results of our study show that PTHrP induces hyperpolarization and activates BKCa in VSMC. The activation of BKCa channels is calcium dependent; activation is linked to the inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate-triggered calcium release and is also dependent on the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Mehmet Burgazli
- Wuppertal Department of Internal Medicine and Angiology, Wuppertal Research and Medical Center, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Martín P, Moncada M, Enrique N, Asuaje A, Valdez Capuccino JM, Gonzalez C, Milesi V. Arachidonic acid activation of BKCa (Slo1) channels associated to the β1-subunit in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:1779-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Corriveau S, Berthiaume M, Girard I, Nolin MA, Rousseau E, Pasquier JC. Effect of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase and hydroxylase metabolites on rat myometrium contractility in non-pregnancy, late pregnancy and late pregnancy under inflammatory conditions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2013; 40:661-9. [PMID: 24321039 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present experimental study was to assess the tocolytic effect of eicosanoids on myometrium from non-pregnant and pregnant rats with or without an induced inflammatory condition. METHODS Three hundred myometrial rings were obtained by median laparotomy from 50 Sprague-Dawley rats divided into three groups: (i) non-pregnant (n = 15); (ii) pregnant in absence (n = 20); or (iii) pregnant in presence (n = 15) of lipopolysaccharide treatment, timed at 22 days of pregnancy. Spontaneous contractile activities were compared by isometric tension measurements. The effects of epoxy- and hydroxyeicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid as well as specific enzyme inhibitors were assessed. Changes were expressed as percentage of basal activity by calculating the area under the curve as a function of drug concentration and compared to the effect of the vehicle. RESULTS A decrease in contractile activity ranging 10-25% was observed upon addition of epoxy- and hydroxyeicosanoids. Increasing epoxyeicosanoid bioavailability by inhibiting their degradation induced a tocolytic effect in the non-pregnant group (20%) and in inflammation-induced condition (40%). There was a significant difference in reactivity between groups and pregnancy condition. Semiquantification of metabolic enzymes that produce (cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase) and degrade (soluble epoxide hydrolase) epoxyeicosanoids by western blot analysis revealed that these enzymes were mainly detected in the non-pregnant group. CONCLUSION Eicosanoids can modify myometrial reactivity and their presence and effects are amplified in non-pregnant and in inflammation-induced condition. Our data suggest that in contrast to prostaglandins, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids are likely involved in the quiescence phase of parturition because they reduce the rhythmic contractile activity of uterine tissues in pregnant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corriveau
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRC E-Lebel - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Balgoma D, Checa A, Sar DG, Snowden S, Wheelock CE. Quantitative metabolic profiling of lipid mediators. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1359-77. [PMID: 23828856 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are heterogeneous biological molecules that possess multiple physiological roles including cell structure, homeostasis, and restoration of tissue functionality during and after inflammation. Lipid metabolism constitutes a network of pathways that are related at multiple biosynthetic hubs. Disregulation of lipid metabolism can lead to pathophysiological effects and multiple lipid mediators have been described to be involved in physiological processes, (e.g. inflammation). Accordingly, a thorough description of these pathways may shed light on putative relations in multiple complex diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, obesity, and cancer. Due to the structural complexity of lipids and the low abundance of many lipid mediators, mass spectrometry is the most commonly employed method for analysis. However, multiple challenges remain in the efforts to analyze every lipid subfamily. In this review, the biological role of sphingolipids, glycerolipids, oxylipins (e.g. eicosanoids), endocannabinoids, and N-acylethanolamines in relation to health and disease and the state-of-the-art analyses are summarized. The characterization and understanding of these pathways will increase our ability to examine for interrelations among lipid pathways and improve the knowledge of biological mechanisms in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Balgoma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wain LV, Soler Artigas M, Tobin MD. What can genetics tell us about the cause of fixed airflow obstruction? Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1176-82. [PMID: 22805464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide with smoking being the most important risk factor of the disease. However, lung function and COPD are known to also have a genetic component and a deeper knowledge of the genetic architecture of the disease could lead to further understanding of predisposition to COPD and also to development of new therapeutic interventions. Genetic linkage studies and candidate gene association studies have not provided evidence to convincingly identify the genes underlying lung function or COPD. However, recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including tens of thousands of individuals have identified 26 variants at different loci in the human genome that show robust association with quantitative lung function measures in the general population. A growing number of these variants are being shown to be associated with COPD. Following the identification of these new lung function loci, the challenge now lies in refining the signals to identify the causative variants underlying the association signals and relating these signals to the molecular pathways that underlie lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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15
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Beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA on chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2012; 99:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Inhibition of epoxy-eicosanoid degradation improves the tocolytic effects of indomethacin in the uterus from pregnant women. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 96:84-9. [PMID: 21821146 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of preterm birth is an increasing problem. Indomethacin, a non-specific cyclooxygenase inhibitor, has been largely used as tocolytic in the treatment of preterm labor. The aim of the present study was to assess a putative synergistic tocolytic effect between the inhibition of the production of prostanoids and stabilization of epoxides fatty acids, particularly arachidonate on spontaneous uterine contractile activity. The experimental work was performed on uterine biopsies from consenting women undergoing elective cesarean delivery at term. Isometric tension measurements were performed on fresh human myometrial strips. Contractile activities have been monitored upon individual and combined treatments of indomethacin, DDMS, an inhibitor of hydroxy-eicosanoids production and AUDA, an inhibitor of epoxy-eicosanoids degradation. Interestingly, a significant and consistent synergic effect was observed when indomethacin and AUDA were simultaneously added, raising the possibility of a combined clinical use of cyclooxygenase and sEH inhibitors in attempt to treat preterm labor.
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Mazzatenta A, Di Giulio C, Pokorski M. Interaction of arachidonic acid with electrogenic properties of mouse chemosensory neurons. Eur J Med Res 2011; 15 Suppl 2:79-82. [PMID: 21147627 PMCID: PMC4360362 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-15-s2-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemosensory neurons respond to stimulation induced by gasses, volatile and non-volatile compounds. Neuronal excitation mediated via second messengers involves typically: cGMP, cAMP, or IP3. Transduction pathways based on cyclic nucleotide have three-phosphate nucleotide as substrate, while IP3 has a membrane lipid substrate. These derivatives of cholesterol are signaling molecules with modulator-like effects on many proteins, including membrane ion channels. In the present study, spontaneous and induced activities were recorded in a whole-cell configuration, in current and voltage clamp modes, in isolated chemosensory neurons obtained from the mouse. Chemosensory neurons responded with an inward depolarizing current to application of arachidonic acid, which suggests a role for it in putative mechanisms of signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mazzatenta
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University Chieti-Pescara G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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18
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Synthesis and functional pharmacological effects on human bronchi of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Chem Nat Compd 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-011-9765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction. Nat Med 2010; 16:1299-304. [PMID: 20972434 PMCID: PMC3066567 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) on the tongue probably evolved to evoke signals for avoiding ingestion of plant toxins. We found expression of TAS2Rs on human airway smooth muscle (ASM) and considered these to be avoidance receptors for inhalants that, when activated, lead to ASM contraction and bronchospasm. TAS2R agonists such as saccharin, chloroquine and denatonium evoked increased intracellular calcium ([Ca²(+)](i)) in ASM in a Gβγ-, phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ)- and inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) receptor-dependent manner, which would be expected to evoke contraction. Paradoxically, bitter tastants caused relaxation of isolated ASM and dilation of airways that was threefold greater than that elicited by β-adrenergic receptor agonists. The relaxation induced by TAS2Rs is associated with a localized [Ca²(+)](i) response at the cell membrane, which opens large-conductance Ca²(+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels, leading to ASM membrane hyperpolarization. Inhaled bitter tastants decreased airway obstruction in a mouse model of asthma. Given the need for efficacious bronchodilators for treating obstructive lung diseases, this pathway can be exploited for therapy with the thousands of known synthetic and naturally occurring bitter tastants.
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Cooper PR, Mesaros AC, Zhang J, Christmas P, Stark CM, Douaidy K, Mittelman MA, Soberman RJ, Blair IA, Panettieri RA. 20-HETE mediates ozone-induced, neutrophil-independent airway hyper-responsiveness in mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10235. [PMID: 20422032 PMCID: PMC2857875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ozone, a pollutant known to induce airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), increases morbidity and mortality in patients with obstructive airway diseases and asthma. We postulate oxidized lipids mediate in vivo ozone-induced AHR in murine airways. Methodology/Principal Findings Male BALB/c mice were exposed to ozone (3 or 6 ppm) or filtered air (controls) for 2 h. Precision cut lung slices (PCLS; 250 µm thickness) containing an intrapulmonary airway (∼0.01 mm2 lumen area) were prepared immediately after exposure or 16 h later. After 24 h, airways were contracted to carbachol (CCh). Log EC50 and Emax values were then calculated by measuring the airway lumen area with respect to baseline. In parallel studies, dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg), or 1-aminobenzotriazol (ABT) (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneal injection to naïve mice 18 h prior to ozone exposure. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was administered 2 h prior. Cell counts, cytokine levels and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for lipid analysis were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from ozone exposed and control mice. Ozone acutely induced AHR to CCh. Dexamethasone or indomethacin had little effect on the ozone-induced AHR; while, ABT, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, markedly attenuated airway sensitivity. BAL fluid from ozone exposed animals, which did not contain an increase in neutrophils or interleukin (IL)-6 levels, increased airway sensitivity following in vitro incubation with a naïve PCLS. In parallel, significant increases in oxidized lipids were also identified using LC-MS with increases of 20-HETE that were decreased following ABT treatment. Conclusions/Significance These data show that ozone acutely induces AHR to CCh independent of inflammation and is insensitive to steroid treatment or cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition. BAL fluid from ozone exposed mice mimicked the effects of in vivo ozone exposure that were associated with marked increases in oxidized lipids. 20-HETE plays a pivotal role in mediating acute ozone-induced AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R. Cooper
- Department of Medicine and the Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - A. Clementina Mesaros
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Center for Cancer Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medicine and the Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter Christmas
- Biology Department, Radford University, Radford, Virginia, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Stark
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Karim Douaidy
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Mittelman
- Department of Medicine and the Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Roy J. Soberman
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ian A. Blair
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Center for Cancer Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Reynold A. Panettieri
- Department of Medicine and the Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Center for Cancer Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Corriveau S, Berthiaume M, Rousseau E, Pasquier JC. Why eicosanoids could represent a new class of tocolytics on uterine activity in pregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 201:420.e1-7. [PMID: 19788974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of exogenous eicosanoids on spontaneous uterine contractile activity. STUDY DESIGN Eight uterine biopsies were performed from women who were undergoing elective cesarean delivery. Tension measurements were performed in vitro on myometrial strips. Contractile activities were quantified by the calculation of the area under the curve. The effects of eicosanoids and specific enzyme inhibitors were assessed. Fractions from various uterine tissues were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS Data demonstrate the presence, in some tested tissues, of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase, which respectively produce and degrade epoxyeicosatrienoic acid regioisomers. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase with 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid or omega-hydroxylase with N-methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide resulted in a tocolytic effect; N-methylsulfonyl-6-[2-propargyloxyphenyl] hexanamide, which is an epoxygenase inhibitor, had no effect. Exogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids displayed significant tocolytic effects on spontaneous contractile activities. CONCLUSION Epoxy- and hydroxyeicosanoids represent new bioactive, arachidonic acid by-products with in vitro tocolytic activities. These findings suggest that cytochrome P-450 isozymes may represent relevant pharmacologic targets under physiopathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corriveau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Sun P, Liu W, Lin DH, Yue P, Kemp R, Satlin LM, Wang WH. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid activates BK channels in the cortical collecting duct. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 20:513-23. [PMID: 19073823 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2008040427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cortical collecting duct (CCD), which is involved in renal potassium (K) excretion, expresses cytochrome P450 (CYP)-epoxygenase. Here, we examined the effect of high dietary K on renal expression of CYP2C23 and CYP2J2 in the rat, as well as the role of CYP-epoxygenase-dependent metabolism of arachidonic acid in the regulation of Ca(2+)-activated big-conductance K (BK) channels. By Western blot analysis, high dietary K stimulated the expression of CYP2C23 but not CYP2J2 and increased 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) levels in isolated rat CCD tubules. Application of arachidonic acid increased BK channel activity, and this occurred to a greater extent in rats on a high-K diet compared with a normal-K diet. This effect was unlikely due to arachidonic acid-induced changes in membrane fluidity, because 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid did not alter BK channel activity. Inhibiting CYP-epoxygenase but not cyclooxygenase- or CYP-omega-hydroxylase-dependent pathways completely abolished the stimulatory effect of arachidonic acid on BK channel activity. In addition, application of 11,12-EET mimicked the effect of arachidonic acid on BK channel activity, even in the presence of CYP-epoxygenase inhibition. This effect seemed specific to 11,12-EET, because both 8,9- and 14,15-EET failed to stimulate BK channels. Finally, inhibition of CYP-epoxygenase abolished iberiotoxin-sensitive and flow-stimulated but not basal net K secretion in isolated microperfused CCD. In conclusion, high dietary K stimulates the renal CYP-epoxygenase pathway, which plays an important role in activating BK channels and flow-stimulated K secretion in the CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid with four double bonds, has multiple actions on living cells. Many of these effects are mediated by an action of AA or its metabolites on ion channels. During the last 10 years, new types of ion channels, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) channels and non-SOCE channels have been studied. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the effects of AA on TRP and non-SOCE channels as well as classical ion channels. It aims to distinguish between effects of AA itself and effects of AA metabolites. Lipid mediators are of clinical interest because some of them (for example, leukotrienes) play a role in various diseases, others (such as prostaglandins) are targets for pharmacological therapeutic intervention.
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