1
|
Lueschow-Guijosa SR, Stanford AH, Berger JN, Gong H, Boly TJ, Jensen BA, Nordkild P, Leegwater AJ, Wehkamp J, Underwood MA, McElroy SJ. Host defense peptides human β defensin 2 and LL-37 ameliorate murine necrotizing enterocolitis. iScience 2024; 27:109993. [PMID: 38846005 PMCID: PMC11154634 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of preterm infant morbidity and mortality. Treatment for NEC is limited and non-targeted, which makes new treatment and prevention strategies critical. Host defense peptides (HDPs) are essential components of the innate immune system and have multifactorial mechanisms in host defense. LL-37 and hBD2 are two HDPs that have been shown in prior literature to protect from neonatal sepsis-induced mortality or adult inflammatory bowel disease, respectively. Therefore, this article sought to understand if these two HDPs could influence NEC severity in murine preclinical models. NEC was induced in P14-16 C57Bl/6 mice and HDPs were provided as a pretreatment or treatment. Both LL-37 and hBD2 resulted in decreased NEC injury scores as a treatment and hBD2 as a pretreatment. Our data suggest LL-37 functions through antimicrobial properties, while hBD2 functions through decreases in inflammation and improvement of intestinal barrier integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy H. Stanford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer N. Berger
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
| | - Huiyu Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Timothy J. Boly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Benjamin A.H. Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jan Wehkamp
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mark A. Underwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA
| | - Steven J. McElroy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miranda E, Bramono K, Yunir E, Reksodiputro MH, Suwarsa O, Rengganis I, Harahap AR, Subekti D, Suwarto S, Hayun H, Bardosono S, Baskoro JC. Efficacy of LL-37 cream in enhancing healing of diabetic foot ulcer: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2623-2633. [PMID: 37480520 PMCID: PMC10514151 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing in DFU (diabetic foot ulcer) has prolonged inflammation phase and defective granulation tissue formation. LL-37 has antimicrobial property, induces angiogenesis, and keratinocyte migration and proliferation. This study analyzes the efficacy of LL-37 cream in enhancing wound healing rate and decreasing the levels of IL-1α, TNF-α, and the number of aerobic bacteria colonization in DFU with mild infection. This study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021 in Jakarta. Subjects were instructed to apply either LL-37 cream or placebo cream twice a week for 4 weeks. Wounds were measured on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 and processed with ImageJ. The levels of LL-37, IL-1α, and TNF-α from wound fluid were measured using ELISA. The number of aerobic bacteria colonization was counted from the isolate grown in culture. The levels of LL-37 in DFU at baseline were equally low in both groups which were 1.07 (0.37-4.96) ng/mg protein in the LL-37 group and 1.11 (0.24-2.09) ng/mg protein in the placebo group. The increase in granulation index was consistently greater in the LL-37 group on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 (p = 0.031, 0.009, 0.006, and 0.037, respectively). The levels of IL-1α and TNF-α increased in both groups on days 14 and 21 (p > 0.05). The decrease in the number of aerobic bacteria colonization was greater in the LL-37 group on days 7, 14 and 21, but greater in the placebo group on day 28 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, LL-37 cream enhanced the healing rate of DFU with mild infection, but did not decrease the levels of IL-1α and TNF-α and the number of aerobic bacteria colonization. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04098562.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Miranda
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Kusmarinah Bramono
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Em Yunir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mirta H Reksodiputro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Oki Suwarsa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Iris Rengganis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alida R Harahap
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Decy Subekti
- Faculty of Medicine, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Indonesia, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suhendro Suwarto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hayun Hayun
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Saptawati Bardosono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Joko C Baskoro
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yee SM, Choi H, Seon JE, Ban YJ, Kim MJ, Seo JE, Seo JH, Kim S, Moon SH, Yun CH, Lee HB, Kang HS. Axl alleviates DSS-induced colitis by preventing dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5371. [PMID: 37005456 PMCID: PMC10067963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Axl is a tyrosine kinase receptor, a negative regulator for innate immune responses and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The gut microbiota regulates intestinal immune homeostasis, but the role of Axl in the pathogenesis of IBD through the regulation of gut microbiota composition remains unresolved. In this study, mice with DSS-induced colitis showed increased Axl expression, which was almost entirely suppressed by depleting the gut microbiota with antibiotics. Axl-/- mice without DSS administration exhibited increased bacterial loads, especially the Proteobacteria abundant in patients with IBD, significantly consistent with DSS-induced colitis mice. Axl-/- mice also had an inflammatory intestinal microenvironment with reduced antimicrobial peptides and overexpression of inflammatory cytokines. The onset of DSS-induced colitis occurred faster with an abnormal expansion of Proteobacteria in Axl-/- mice than in WT mice. These findings suggest that a lack of Axl signaling exacerbates colitis by inducing aberrant compositions of the gut microbiota in conjunction with an inflammatory gut microenvironment. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that Axl signaling could ameliorate the pathogenesis of colitis by preventing dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Therefore, Axl may act as a potential novel biomarker for IBD and can be a potential candidate for the prophylactic or therapeutic target of diverse microbiota dysbiosis-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Yee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Harim Choi
- Department of Nursing, Nambu University, 23 Chumdan Jungang-Ro, Gwangsan-Gu, Gwangju, 62271, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Seon
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Ban
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jae Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Seo
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hun Seo
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hee Moon
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Yun
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morio KA, Sternowski RH, Brogden KA. Induction of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides to Prevent or Treat Oral Infection and Inflammation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020361. [PMID: 36830272 PMCID: PMC9952314 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are often used to treat oral infections. Unfortunately, excessive antibiotic use can adversely alter oral microbiomes and promote the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, which can be difficult to treat. An alternate approach could be to induce the local transcription and expression of endogenous oral antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). To assess the feasibility and benefits of this approach, we conducted literature searches to identify (i) the AMPs expressed in the oral cavity; (ii) the methods used to induce endogenous AMP expression; and (iii) the roles that expressed AMPs may have in regulating oral inflammation, immunity, healing, and pain. Search results identified human neutrophil peptides (HNP), human beta defensins (HBD), and cathelicidin AMP (CAMP) gene product LL-37 as prominent AMPs expressed by oral cells and tissues. HNP, HBD, and LL-37 expression can be induced by micronutrients (trace elements, elements, and vitamins), nutrients, macronutrients (mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, amino acids, pyropeptides, proteins, and fatty acids), proinflammatory agonists, thyroid hormones, and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, red light, or near infrared radiation (NIR). Localized AMP expression can help reduce infection, inflammation, and pain and help oral tissues heal. The use of a specific inducer depends upon the overall objective. Inducing the expression of AMPs through beneficial foods would be suitable for long-term health protection. Additionally, the specialized metabolites or concentrated extracts that are utilized as dosage forms would maintain the oral and intestinal microbiome composition and control oral and intestinal infections. Inducing AMP expression using irradiation methodologies would be applicable to a specific oral treatment area in addition to controlling local infections while regulating inflammatory and healing processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kim A. Brogden
- College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yadav H, Mahalvar A, Pradhan M, Yadav K, Kumar Sahu K, Yadav R. Exploring the potential of phytochemicals and nanomaterial: a boon to antimicrobial treatment. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2023.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
6
|
Shen S, Sun Y, Ren F, Blair JMA, Siasat P, Fan S, Hu J, He J. Characteristics of antimicrobial peptide OaBac5mini and its bactericidal mechanism against Escherichia coli. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1123054. [PMID: 36908510 PMCID: PMC9995905 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in defending against the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, the proline-rich antibacterial peptides (PrAMPs) have been attracting close attention due to their simple structure, strong antibacterial activity, and low cell toxicity. OaBac5mini is an active fragment of the sheep-derived OaBac5 belonging to the PrAMPs family. Methods In this study, the antibacterial activity of OaBac5mini was investigated by testing the MICs against different stains of E. coli and S. aureus as well as the time-kill curve. The bactericidal mechanism was explored by determining the effect of OaBac5mini on the cell membrane. The stability and biosafety were also evaluated. Results The susceptibility test demonstrated that OaBac5mini showed potent antibacterial activity against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates. It is noticeable that the absence of inner membrane protein SbmA in E. coli ATCC 25922 caused the MIC of OaBac5mini to increase 4-fold, implying OaBac5mini can enter into the cytoplasm via SbmA and plays its antibacterial activity. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of OaBac5mini against E. coli ATCC 25922 was not remarkably affected by the serum salts except for CaCl2 at a physiological concentration, pH, temperature, repeated freeze-thawing and proteases (trypsin < 20 μg/mL, pepsin or proteinase K). Time-kill curve analysis showed OaBac5mini at the concentration of 200 μg/mL (8 × MICs) could effectively kill E. coli ATCC 25922 after co-incubation for 12 h. In addition, OaBac5mini was not hemolytic against rabbit red blood cells and also was not cytotoxic to porcine small intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Bioinformatic analysis indicated that OaBac5mini is a linear peptide with 8 net positive charges. Furthermore, OaBac5mini significantly increased the outer membrane permeability and impaired the inner membrane integrity and ultrastructure of E. coli ATCC25922. Conclusion OaBac5mini is a stable and potent PrAMP that kills E. coli by two different modes of action - inhibiting intracellular target(s) and damaging cell membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yawei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Fei Ren
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jessica M A Blair
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Siasat
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shuaiqi Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jianhe Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Junping He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Golec M, Lemieszek MK, Dutkiewicz J, Milanowski J, Barteit S. A Scoping Analysis of Cathelicidin in Response to Organic Dust Exposure and Related Chronic Lung Illnesses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168847. [PMID: 36012117 PMCID: PMC9408003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over two billion people worldwide are exposed to organic dust, which can cause respiratory disorders. The discovery of the cathelicidin peptide provides novel insights into the lung’s response to organic dust; however, its role in the lung’s response to organic dust exposure and chronic lung diseases remains limited. We conducted a scoping review to map the current evidence on the role of cathelicidin LL-37/CRAMP in response to organic dust exposure and related chronic lung diseases: hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. We included a total of n = 53 peer-reviewed articles in this review, following the process of (i) a preliminary screening; (ii) a systematic MEDLINE/PubMed database search; (iii) title, abstract and full-text screening; (iv) data extraction and charting. Cathelicidin levels were shown to be altered in all clinical settings investigated; its pleiotropic function was confirmed. It was found that cathelicidin contributes to maintaining homeostasis and participates in lung injury response and repair, in addition to exerting a positive effect against microbial load and infections. In addition, LL-37 was found to sustain continuous inflammation, increase mucus formation and inhibit microorganisms and corticosteroids. In addition, studies investigated cathelicidin as a treatment modality, such as cathelicidin inhalation in experimental HP, which had positive effects. However, the primary focus of the included articles was on LL-37’s antibacterial effect, leading to the conclusion that the beneficial LL-37 activity has not been adequately examined and that further research is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Golec
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Kinga Lemieszek
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Dutkiewicz
- Department of Biological Health Hazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Milanowski
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sandra Barteit
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wollny T, Wnorowska U, Piktel E, Suprewicz Ł, Król G, Głuszek K, Góźdź S, Kopczyński J, Bucki R. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Triggered Expression of Cathelicidin LL-37 Promotes the Growth of Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7443. [PMID: 35806446 PMCID: PMC9267432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that tumour growth and progression are regulated by a variety of mediators released during the inflammatory process preceding the tumour appearance, but the role of inflammation in the development of bladder cancer is ambiguous. This study was designed around the hypothesis that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), as a regulator of several cellular processes important in both inflammation and cancer development, may exert some of the pro-tumorigenic effects indirectly due to its ability to regulate the expression of human cathelicidin (hCAP-18). LL-37 peptide released from hCAP-18 is involved in the development of various types of cancer in humans, especially those associated with infections. Using immunohistological staining, we showed high expression of hCAP-18/LL-37 and sphingosine kinase 1 (the enzyme that forms S1P from sphingosine) in human bladder cancer cells. In a cell culture model, S1P was able to stimulate the expression and release of hCAP-18/LL-37 from human bladder cells, and the addition of LL-37 peptide dose-dependently increased their proliferation. Additionally, the effect of S1P on LL-37 release was inhibited in the presence of FTY720P, a synthetic immunosuppressant that blocks S1P receptors. Together, this study presents the possibility of paracrine relation in which LL-37 production following cell stimulation by S1P promotes the development and growth of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wollny
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (T.W.); (K.G.); (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Urszula Wnorowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (U.W.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Independent Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2B, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (U.W.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Król
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Głuszek
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (T.W.); (K.G.); (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (T.W.); (K.G.); (S.G.); (J.K.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Janusz Kopczyński
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (T.W.); (K.G.); (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (U.W.); (Ł.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shannon AH, Adelman SA, Hisey EA, Potnis SS, Rozo V, Yung MW, Li JY, Murphy CJ, Thomasy SM, Leonard BC. Antimicrobial Peptide Expression at the Ocular Surface and Their Therapeutic Use in the Treatment of Microbial Keratitis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:857735. [PMID: 35722307 PMCID: PMC9201425 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.857735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial keratitis is a common cause of ocular pain and visual impairment worldwide. The ocular surface has a relatively paucicellular microbial community, mostly found in the conjunctiva, while the cornea would be considered relatively sterile. However, in patients with microbial keratitis, the cornea can be infected with multiple pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Fusarium sp. Treatment with topical antimicrobials serves as the standard of care for microbial keratitis, however, due to high rates of pathogen resistance to current antimicrobial medications, alternative therapeutic strategies must be developed. Multiple studies have characterized the expression and activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), endogenous peptides with key antimicrobial and wound healing properties, on the ocular surface. Recent studies and clinical trials provide promise for the use of AMPs as therapeutic agents. This article reviews the repertoire of AMPs expressed at the ocular surface, how expression of these AMPs can be modulated, and the potential for harnessing the AMPs as potential therapeutics for patients with microbial keratitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison H. Shannon
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sara A. Adelman
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Erin A. Hisey
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sanskruti S. Potnis
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Vanessa Rozo
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Madeline W. Yung
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Y. Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christopher J. Murphy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sara M. Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Brian C. Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang Y, Yang N, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Wei L, Wang J. Antibacterial peptide NZ2114-loaded hydrogel accelerates Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound healing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3639-3656. [PMID: 35524777 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a great challenge which has caused significant burden and economic loss to the medical system. NZ2114, a plectasin-derived peptide, is an antibacterial agent for preventing and treating S. aureus infection, especially for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection. Here, three-dimensional reticulated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) NZ2114 hydrogels were developed based on hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium alginate (SA); they displayed sustained and stable release properties (97.88 ± 1.79% and 91.1 ± 10.52% release rate in 72 h, respectively) and good short-term cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. But the HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel had a smaller pore size (diameter 0.832 ± 0.420 μm vs. 3.912 ± 2.881 μm) and better mechanical properties than that of the SA-NZ2114 hydrogel. HPC/SA-NZ2114 hydrogels possess efficient antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. In a full-thickness skin defect model, the wound closure of the 1.024 mg/g HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel group was superior to those of the SA-NZ2114 hydrogel and antibiotic groups on day 7. The HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel accelerated wound healing by reducing inflammation and promoting the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial growth factor (EGF) and angiogenesis (CD31) through histological and immunohistochemistry evaluation. These data indicated that the HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel is an excellent candidate for S. aureus infection wound dressing. KEY POINTS: •NZ2114 hydrogels showed potential in vitro bactericidal activity against S. aureus •NZ2114 hydrogels could release continuously for 72 h and had good biocompatibility •NZ2114 hydrogels could effectively promote S. aureus-infected wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology - WIT, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da Teng
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Hao
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Wei
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology - WIT, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Geitani R, Moubareck CA, Costes F, Marti L, Dupuis G, Sarkis DK, Touqui L. Bactericidal effects and stability of LL-37 and CAMA in the presence of human lung epithelial cells. Microbes Infect 2021; 24:104928. [PMID: 34954126 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2021.104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are important actors in host innate immunity and represent a promising alternative to combat antibiotic resistance. Here, the bactericidal activity of two CAMPs (LL-37, and CAMA) was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in the presence of IB3-1 cells, a cell line derived from patients with cystic fibrosis. The two CAMPs exerted different effects on PA survival depending on the timing of their administration. We observed a greater bactericidal effect when IB3-1 cells were pretreated with sub-minimum bactericidal concentrations (Sub-MBCs) of the CAMPs prior to infection. These findings suggest that CAMPs induce the production of factors by IB3-1 cells that improve their bactericidal action. However, we observed no bactericidal effect when supra-minimum bactericidal concentrations (Supra-MBCs) of the CAMPs were added to IB3-1 cells at the same time or after infection. Western-blot analysis showed a large decrease in LL-37 levels in supernatants of infected IB3-1 cells and an increase in LL-37 binding to these cells after LL-37 administration. LL-37 induced a weak inflammatory response in the cells without being toxic. In conclusion, our findings suggest a potential prophylactic action of CAMPs. The bactericidal effects were low when the CAMPs were added after cell infection, likely due to degradation of CAMPs by bacterial or epithelial cell proteases and/or due to adherence of CAMPs to cells becoming less available for direct bacterial killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Geitani
- Microbiology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Carole Ayoub Moubareck
- Microbiology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon; College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Floriane Costes
- "Sorbonne Université", INSERM UMR_S 938, "Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine" (CRSA), Paris, France; "Mucoviscidose and Bronchopathies Chroniques", Department "Santé Globale", Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Léa Marti
- "Sorbonne Université", INSERM UMR_S 938, "Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine" (CRSA), Paris, France; "Mucoviscidose and Bronchopathies Chroniques", Department "Santé Globale", Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Gabrielle Dupuis
- "Sorbonne Université", INSERM UMR_S 938, "Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine" (CRSA), Paris, France; "Mucoviscidose and Bronchopathies Chroniques", Department "Santé Globale", Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Dolla Karam Sarkis
- Microbiology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- "Sorbonne Université", INSERM UMR_S 938, "Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine" (CRSA), Paris, France; "Mucoviscidose and Bronchopathies Chroniques", Department "Santé Globale", Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Su G, Luo Y, Chen D, Yu B, He J. NF-κB-dependent induction of porcine β-defensin 114 regulates intestinal epithelium homeostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:241-249. [PMID: 34619281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) offer a primary physical barrier against commensal and pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestine. However, the influence of IECs on the development and regulation of mucosal immunity to infection is unknown. Here, we show that the porcine β-defensin 114 (PBD114) is an endotoxin-responsive gene expressed in IECs. Analysis on expression profiling of PBD114 gene using an infected porcine model and IPEC-J2 cells unveiled a pattern of induction in response to stimulation of various toll-like receptors (TLRs). By means of promoter analysis, PBD114 was found to be a NF-κB-dependent gene. Importantly, PBD114 suppresses endotoxin-induced inflammation and apoptosis in IECs through downregulation of two critical inflammation-associated signaling proteins, NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IkB-α) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2). PBD114 also suppresses inflammation and IEC apoptosis in mice exposed to bacterial endotoxins. Thus, we propose that TLR-activated NF-kB rapidly increases the expression of PBD114 that operates a feedback control of the NF-kB-dependent inflammation. The NF-kB-dependent induction of PBD114 may be a key event through which the mammalian host maintains intestinal epithelium homeostasis in response to various infections or diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Su
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Simonetti O, Rizzetto G, Radi G, Molinelli E, Cirioni O, Giacometti A, Offidani A. New Perspectives on Old and New Therapies of Staphylococcal Skin Infections: The Role of Biofilm Targeting in Wound Healing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111377. [PMID: 34827315 PMCID: PMC8615132 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the most common complications of both chronic wound and surgical sites are staphylococcal skin infections, which slow down the wound healing process due to various virulence factors, including the ability to produce biofilms. Furthermore, staphylococcal skin infections are often caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and become a therapeutic challenge. The aim of this narrative review is to collect the latest evidence on old and new anti-staphylococcal therapies, assessing their anti-biofilm properties and their effect on skin wound healing. We considered antibiotics, quorum sensing inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, topical dressings, and antimicrobial photo-dynamic therapy. According to our review of the literature, targeting of biofilm is an important therapeutic choice in acute and chronic infected skin wounds both to overcome antibiotic resistance and to achieve better wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Simonetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Clinic of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (G.R.); (E.M.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0-715-963-494
| | - Giulio Rizzetto
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Clinic of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (G.R.); (E.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Giulia Radi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Clinic of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (G.R.); (E.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Elisa Molinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Clinic of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (G.R.); (E.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Oscar Cirioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (O.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Giacometti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (O.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Clinic of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (G.R.); (E.M.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Patiño MI, Restrepo LM, Becerra NY, van der Mei HC, van Kooten TG, Sharma PK. Nonviral Expression of LL-37 in a Human Skin Equivalent to Prevent Infection in Skin Wounds. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:1147-1157. [PMID: 33980038 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inefficient autologous tissue recovery in skin wounds increases the susceptibility of patients to infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms, resulting in a high mortality rate. Genetic modification of skin cells has become an important field of study because it could lead to the construction of more functional skin grafts, through the overexpression of antimicrobial peptides that would prevent early contamination and infection with bacteria. In this study, we produce and evaluate human skin equivalents (HSEs) containing transfected human primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes by polyplexes to express the antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The effect of LL-37 on the metabolic activity of normal HSEs was evaluated before the construction of the transfected HSEs, and the antimicrobial efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. Subsequently, the levels of LL-37 in the culture supernatants of transfected HSEs, as well as the local expression, were determined. It was found that LL-37 treatment significantly promoted the cellular proliferation of HSEs. Furthermore, HSEs that express elevated levels of LL-37 were shown to possess histological characteristics close to the normal skin and display enhanced antimicrobial activity against S. aureus in vitro. These findings demonstrate that HSEs expressing LL-37 through nonviral modification of skin cells are a promising approach for the prevention of bacterial colonization in wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Patiño
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luz Marina Restrepo
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia Yiset Becerra
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Henny C van der Mei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Prashant K Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang T, Li J, Jia Q, Zhan S, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang X. Antimicrobial peptide 17BIPHE2 inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the ERK signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:501. [PMID: 33981363 PMCID: PMC8108245 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, there were 18.1 million new cancer cases and 9.6 million cancer-related deaths worldwide, among which the incidence rate of lung cancer (11.6%) and fatality rate (18.4%) both ranked first. The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is an important component of the natural immune system and possesses several biological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer effects. The antimicrobial peptide 17BIPHE2, the shortest synthetic peptide derivative of LL-37, exhibits biological activities similar to those of LL-37. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of exogenous 17BIPHE2 against lung cancer cells. The human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was treated with 17BIPHE2. Changes in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ and apoptosis-related proteins, including BAX, BCL-2 and ERK, were detected using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. The results showed that 17BIPHE2 significantly increased the apoptosis rate of A549 cells and elevated BAX expression, ERK phosphorylation, and ROS and Ca2+ levels, but decreased the expression of BCL-2, ERK and Ki67. In addition, the peptide reduced ΔΨm and the cell migration ability of A549 cells and inhibited tumor growth. ERK inhibition significantly attenuated the anticancer effect of 17BIPHE2. The present observations suggested that 17BIPHE2 can effectively inhibit cancer cells by regulating the ERK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Qinqin Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Health Center, Chun Rong, Gansu 745211, P.R. China
| | - Shisheng Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, Hebei 065200, P.R. China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Shuangyi Campus, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Shuangyi Campus, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nucera F, Lo Bello F, Shen SS, Ruggeri P, Coppolino I, Di Stefano A, Stellato C, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of Atypical Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors Pathways in the Pathogenesis of COPD. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2577-2653. [PMID: 32819230 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200819145327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a heightened inflammatory response in the lung generally resulting from tobacco smoking-induced recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells and/or activation of lower airway structural cells. Several mediators can modulate activation and recruitment of these cells, particularly those belonging to the chemokines (conventional and atypical) family. There is emerging evidence for complex roles of atypical chemokines and their receptors (such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), antimicrobial peptides, receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) or toll-like receptors (TLRs)) in the pathogenesis of COPD, both in the stable disease and during exacerbations. Modulators of these pathways represent potential novel therapies for COPD and many are now in preclinical development. Inhibition of only a single atypical chemokine or receptor may not block inflammatory processes because there is redundancy in this network. However, there are many animal studies that encourage studies for modulating the atypical chemokine network in COPD. Thus, few pharmaceutical companies maintain a significant interest in developing agents that target these molecules as potential antiinflammatory drugs. Antibody-based (biological) and small molecule drug (SMD)-based therapies targeting atypical chemokines and/or their receptors are mostly at the preclinical stage and their progression to clinical trials is eagerly awaited. These agents will most likely enhance our knowledge about the role of atypical chemokines in COPD pathophysiology and thereby improve COPD management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Sj S Shen
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Division of Pneumology, Cyto- Immunopathology Laboratory of the Cardio-Respiratory System, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Beneficial impact of cathelicidin on hypersensitivity pneumonitis treatment-In vivo studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251237. [PMID: 33999928 PMCID: PMC8128276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidin (CRAMP) is a defence peptide with a wide range of biological responses including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and wound healing. Due to its original properties the usefulness of CRAMP in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis was assessed in a murine model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). The studies were conducted on mouse strain C57BL/6J exposed to a saline extract of Pantoea agglomerans cells (HP inducer). Cathelicidin was administered in the form of an aerosol during and after HP development. Changes in the composition of immune cell populations (NK cells, macrophages, lymphocytes: Tc, Th, Treg, B), were monitored in lung tissue by flow cytometry. Extracellular matrix deposition (collagens, hydroxyproline), the concentration of cytokines involved in inflammatory and the fibrosis process (IFNγ, TNFα, TGFβ1, IL1β, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL12α, IL13) were examined in lung homogenates by the ELISA method. Alterations in lung tissue morphology were examined in mouse lung sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson trichrome dyes. The performed studies revealed that cathelicidin did not cause any negative changes in lung morphology/structure, immune cell composition or cytokines production. At the same time, CRAMP attenuated the immune reaction induced by mice chronic exposure to P. agglomerans and inhibited hydroxyproline and collagen deposition in the lung tissue of mice treated with bacteria extract. The beneficial effect of CRAMP on HP treatment was associated with restoring the balance in quantity of immune cells, cytokines production and synthesis of extracellular matrix components. The presented study suggests the usefulness of cathelicidin in preventing lung fibrosis; however, cathelicidin was not able to reverse pathological changes completely.
Collapse
|
18
|
Immunomodulatory Expression of Cathelicidins Peptides in Pulp Inflammation and Regeneration: An Update. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:116-126. [PMID: 34068275 PMCID: PMC8929016 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammatory mediators in dental pulp is unique. The local environment of pulp responds to any changes in the physiology that are highly fundamental, like odontoblast cell differentiation and other secretory activity. The aim of this review is to assess the role of cathelicidins based on their capacity to heal wounds, their immunomodulatory potential, and their ability to stimulate cytokine production and stimulate immune-inflammatory response in pulp and periapex. Accessible electronic databases were searched to find studies reporting the role of cathelicidins in pulpal inflammation and regeneration published between September 2010 and September 2020. The search was performed using the following databases: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and PubMed. The electronic search was performed using the combination of keywords "cathelicidins" and "dental pulp inflammation". On the basis of previous studies, it can be inferred that LL-37 plays an important role in odontoblastic cell differentiation and stimulation of antimicrobial peptides. Furthermore, based on these outcomes, it can be concluded that LL-37 plays an important role in reparative dentin formation and provides signaling for defense by activating the innate immune system.
Collapse
|
19
|
Takamiya M, Saigusa K, Dewa K. DNA microarray analysis of hypothermia-exposed murine lungs for identification of forensic biomarkers. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 48:101789. [PMID: 33161360 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We used DNA microarray technology to analyze the pulmonary transcriptome of mice killed by hypothermia. This analysis identified significant differential regulation of 4094 genes; specifically, 1699 genes were upregulated, and 2395 were downregulated in response to hypothermia. The gene encoding cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide was the most upregulated gene, and that encoding BAI1-associated protein 2-like 1 was the most downregulated. Gene-set analysis identified significant hypothermia-induced variations in 101 pathways, and we discovered that pathways related to immunity are involved in the pulmonary pathogenesis of hypothermia. The present findings demonstrate some of the acute pulmonary responses to hypothermia and indicate several pulmonary genes as candidate forensic biomarkers of hypothermia. Furthermore, the present findings suggest that host defense is induced in hypothermic lungs. The present microarray data may facilitate the development of protein analyses for human forensics by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and may be beneficial in clinical research of hypothermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Takamiya
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Science, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Saigusa
- Department of Biology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Koji Dewa
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Science, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Patrulea V, Borchard G, Jordan O. An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E840. [PMID: 32887353 PMCID: PMC7560145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections occur when wound healing fails to reach the final stage of healing, which is usually hindered by the presence of different pathogens. Different topical antimicrobial agents are used to inhibit bacterial growth due to antibiotic failure in reaching the infected site, which is accompanied very often by increased drug resistance and other side effects. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially those with a high potential of efficacy against multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi present in wound infections. Currently, different AMPs undergo preclinical and clinical phase to combat infection-related diseases. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) have been mentioned as potent microbial agents. Various AMP delivery strategies that are used to combat infection and modulate the healing rate-such as polymers, scaffolds, films and wound dressings, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles-have been discussed as well. New technologies such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) are taken into consideration as potential future tools for AMP delivery in skin therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Patrulea
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerrit Borchard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Jordan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hosmani J, Patil S, Mohammed Almubarak H, Babji D, Bommanavar S, Sarode SC, Sarode GS. Diminishing reactive adipogenesis leads to disease progression of oral submucous fibrosis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110219. [PMID: 33254526 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oral fibroblasts, similar to dermal fibroblasts, have the potential to resist the local insults like trauma to the oral mucosa by differentiating into adipocytes and secreting antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (Camp) and this physiologic process in known as reactive adipogenesis. We hypothesize that in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), due to constant secretion and up-streaming of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β), oral fibroblast lose their adipogenic differentiation potential and Camp production, which leads to progressive fibrosis in OSF. The implication of this hypothesis could open some promising vistas on still unexplored innate immune systems harboured by oral mucosa. Restoring and maintaining the adipogenic and protective potential of oral fibroblasts by inhibiting TGF- β receptors could hinder the disease progression of OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Hosmani
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Mohammed Almubarak
- College of Dentistry, Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepa Babji
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Bommanavar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad 415539, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, MH, India.
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, MH, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Overview of Host Defense Peptides and Their Applications for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 146:91-103. [PMID: 32590651 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host defense peptides are a family of endogenous short peptides that are found in all living beings and play a critical role in innate immunity against infection. METHODS A nonsystematic review of host defense peptides was conducted with specific interest in properties and applications relevant to plastic and reconstructive surgery. RESULTS In addition to their direct antimicrobial actions against pathogens, including multidrug-resistant bacteria, they also demonstrate important functions in immunomodulation, tumor cell lysis, and tissue regeneration. These properties have made them a topic of clinical interest for plastic surgeons because of their potential applications as novel antibiotics, wound healing medications, and cancer therapies. The rising clinical interest has led to a robust body of literature describing host defense peptides in great depth and breadth. Numerous mechanisms have been observed to explain their diverse functions, which rely on specific structural characteristics. However, these peptides remain mostly experimental, with limited translation to clinical practice because of numerous failures to achieve acceptable results in human trials. CONCLUSIONS Despite the broad ranging potential of these peptides for use in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery, they are rarely discussed in the literature or at scientific meetings. In this review, the authors provide a summary of the background, structure, function, bacterial resistance, and clinical applications of host defense peptides with the goal of stimulating host defense peptide-based innovation within the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Collapse
|
23
|
Cheng Q, Zeng K, Kang Q, Qian W, Zhang W, Gan Q, Xia W. The Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Promotes Migration and Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla through the Akt/Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway. J Endod 2020; 46:964-972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
24
|
Lemieszek MK, Rzeski W, Golec M, Mackiewicz B, Zwoliński J, Dutkiewicz J, Milanowski J. Pantoea agglomerans chronic exposure induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lung epithelial cells and mice lungs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110416. [PMID: 32146192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pantoea agglomerans is gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in nature. It predominates in inhalable dust from grain, herbs, and flax, and was identified as the most important cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in eastern Poland. To better understand the molecular mechanism of HP development studies focused on the interactions between P. agglomerans and alveolar epithelial cells as well as lung tissue with particular emphasis on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The studies were conducted on human normal lung epithelial NL20 cells and mice strain C57BL/6J. Cells and mice underwent chronic exposure to saline extract of P. agglomerans (SE-PA). Morphological changes were evaluated under light microscopy, the concentration of fibrosis markers was examined by the ELISA method, while the expression of genes involved in EMT was evaluated by RealTime PCR. During incubation with SE-PA epithelial cells underwent conversion and assumed fibroblast phenotype characterized by a decrease in epithelial cells markers (CDH1, CLDN1, JUP) and increase in mesenchymal cells markers (FN1, VIM, CDH2). Mice lungs collected after 14 days of SE-PA treatment revealed inflammation with marked lymphocytes infiltration. The intensified inflammatory process accompanied by increased proliferation of fibrous connective tissue was noted in mice lungs after 28 days of SE-PA exposure. Histological changes correlated with an increase of fibrosis markers (hydroxyproline, collagens), downregulation of epithelial markers (Cdh1, Cldn1, Jup, Ocln) and upregulation of myofibroblasts markers (Acta2, Cdh2, Fn1, Vim). Obtained results revealed SE-PA ability to induce EMT in human lung epithelial cells and mice lung tissue, with the scale of changes proportional to the time of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wojciech Rzeski
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland; Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Golec
- Unit of Fibroproliferative Diseases, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Mackiewicz
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Zwoliński
- Department of Biological Health Hazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Dutkiewicz
- Department of Biological Health Hazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Milanowski
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen J, Shin VY, Ho JCW, Siu MT, Cheuk IWY, Kwong A. Functional Implications of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Protein in Breast Cancer and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Microenvironment. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E688. [PMID: 32365569 PMCID: PMC7277779 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in breast cancer development. Accumulating evidence suggested that human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein (CAMP), which is mainly expressed in host defense cells such as macrophages, is crucial not only in combating microorganisms but also promoting tumor growth. Here we report the interaction of CAMP with TAMs in breast cancer. CAMP expression was upregulated in cancer tissues and in the circulation of breast cancer patients. Surgical removal of tumor decreased CAMP peptide serum level. Knockdown of CAMP decreased cell proliferation and migration/invasion ability in breast cancer cells. CAMP expression was altered during macrophage M1/M2 polarization and was expressed predominantly in M2 phenotype. In addition, breast cancer cells co-cultured with macrophages upregulated CAMP expression and also increased cancer cell viability. Xenograft tumors reduced significantly upon CAMP receptor antagonist treatment. Our data implicated that CAMP confers an oncogenic role in breast cancer and plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment between TAMs and breast cancer cells, and blocking the interaction between them would provide a novel therapeutic option for this malignant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
| | - Vivian Yvonne Shin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
| | - John Chi-Wang Ho
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
| | - Man-Ting Siu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
| | - Isabella Wai-Yin Cheuk
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
| | - Ava Kwong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong; (J.C.); (V.Y.S.); (J.C.-W.H.); (M.-T.S.); (I.W.-Y.C.)
- Department of Surgery, The Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Wan Chai District 999077, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Shatin 999077, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Grievink HW, Jirka SMG, Woutman TD, Schoonakker M, Rissmann R, Malone KE, Feiss G, Moerland M. Antimicrobial Peptide Omiganan Enhances Interferon Responses to Endosomal Toll-Like Receptor Ligands in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 13:891-895. [PMID: 32314872 PMCID: PMC7485948 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LL‐37 is a cationic antimicrobial peptide and the sole human member of cathelicidins. Besides its bactericidal properties, LL‐37 is known to have direct immunomodulatory effects, among which enhancement of antiviral responses via endosomal toll‐like receptors (TLRs). Omiganan pentahydrochloride is a synthetic cationic peptide in clinical development. Previously, omiganan was primarily known for its direct bactericidal and antifungal properties. We investigated whether omiganan enhances endosomal TLR responses, similar to LL‐37. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with endosomal TLR3, −7, −8, and −9 ligands in the presence of omiganan. Omiganan enhanced TLR‐mediated interferon‐α release. Subsequent experiments with TLR9 ligands showed that plasmacytoid dendritic cells were main contributors to omiganan‐enhanced IFN production. Based on this type I interferon‐enhancing effect, omiganan may qualify as potential treatment modality for virus‐driven diseases. The molecular mechanism by which omiganan enhances endosomal TLR responses remains to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrika W Grievink
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gary Feiss
- Cutanea Life Sciences, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
van Riet S, van Schadewijk A, de Vos S, Vandeghinste N, Rottier RJ, Stolk J, Hiemstra PS, Khedoe P. Modulation of Airway Epithelial Innate Immunity and Wound Repair by M(GM-CSF) and M(M-CSF) Macrophages. J Innate Immun 2020; 12:410-421. [PMID: 32289801 DOI: 10.1159/000506833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells and macrophages participate in inflammatory responses to external noxious stimuli, which can cause epithelial injury. Upon injury, epithelial cells and macrophages act in concert to ensure rapid restoration of epithelial integrity. The nature of the interactions between these cell types during epithelial repair is incompletely understood. We used an in vitro human coculture model of primary bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI-PBEC) and polarized primary monocyte-derived macrophages. Using this coculture, we studied the contribution of macrophages to epithelial innate immunity, wound healing capacity, and epithelial exposure to whole cigarette smoke (WCS). Coculture of ALI-PBEC with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated M(GM-CSF) macrophages increased the expression of DEFB4A, CXCL8, and IL6 at 24 h in the ALI-PBEC, whereas LPS-activated M(M-CSF) macrophages only increased epithelial IL6 expression. Furthermore, wound repair was accelerated by coculture with both activated M(GM-CSF) and M(M-CSF) macrophages, also following WCS exposure. Coculture of ALI-PBEC and M(GM-CSF) macrophages resulted in increased CAMP expression in M(GM-CSF) macrophages, which was absent in M(M-CSF) macrophages. CAMP encodes LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide with immune-modulating and repair-enhancing activities. In conclusion, dynamic crosstalk between ALI-PBEC and macrophages enhances epithelial innate immunity and wound repair, even upon concomitant cigarette smoke exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sander van Riet
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,
| | | | | | | | - Robbert J Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Padmini Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jiang JS, Chou HC, Chen CM. Cathelicidin attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress in newborn rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 150:23-29. [PMID: 32057991 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High concentrations of oxygen administered to newborn infants with respiratory failure increases oxidant stress and leads to lung injury, characterized by decreased alveolar and capillary development. Cathelicidin belongs to an important group of human antimicrobial peptides that exhibit antioxidant activity; its overexpression reduces hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress. This study evaluated the therapeutic effects of cathelicidin in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sprague Dawley rat pups were reared in either room air (RA) or hyperoxia (85% O2) and then randomly treated with low-dose (4 mg/kg) and high-dose (8 mg/kg) cathelicidin in 0.05 mL of normal saline (NS) administered intraperitoneally on postnatal days 1-6. The following six groups were obtained: RA + NS, RA + low-dose cathelicidin, RA + high-dose cathelicidin, O2 + NS, O2 + low-dose cathelicidin, and O2 + high-dose cathelicidin. Lungs were harvested for Western blot and histological analyses on postnatal day 7. RESULTS Compared with the RA-reared rats, the hyperoxia-reared rats exhibited significantly lower body weights, higher mean linear intercept (MLI), lung injury score, interleukin-6, and oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression but lower superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression and vascular density. Cathelicidin treatment attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury as demonstrated by lower MLI and injury score and higher VEGF expression and vascular density. CONCLUSIONS Cathelicidin attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury and caused a decrease in 8-OHdG and SOD1 protein expression, most likely by inhibiting oxidative stress in the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Song Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Differential DAMP release was observed in the sputum of COPD, asthma and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19241. [PMID: 31848359 PMCID: PMC6917785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) has been under intensive focus; however, the levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can activate the innate and adaptive immune responses of ACO are unknown. The present study aimed to examine the levels of some DAMPs in asthma, COPD, and ACO and to identify the associations between clinical characteristics and DAMPs in ACO. Sputum from subjects with asthma (n = 87) or COPD (n = 73) and ACO (n = 68) or from smokers (n = 62) and never-smokers (n = 62) was analyzed for high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), LL-37, S100A8, and galectin-3 (Gal-3). The concentration of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in sputum from ACO patients was significantly elevated, whereas that of Gal-3 was reduced, compared to that of smokers and never-smokers. The levels of HMGB1 and Gal-3 proteins in ACO patients were elevated compared to those in asthma patients. The sputum from ACO patients showed an increase in the levels of LL-37 and S100A8 proteins compared to that of asthma patients, whereas the levels decreased compared to those of COPD patients. The concentrations of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in the sputum of 352 participants were negatively correlated, whereas the levels of Gal-3 were positively correlated, with FEV1, FEV1%pred, and FEV1/FVC. Sputum HMGB1 had a high AUC of the ROC curve while distinguishing ACO patients from asthma patients. Meanwhile, sputum LL-37 had a high AUC of the ROC curve in differentiating asthma and COPD. The release of sputum DAMPs in ACO may be involved in chronic airway inflammation in ACO; the sputum HMGB1 level might serve as a valuable biomarker for distinguishing ACO from asthma, and the sputum LL-37 level might be a biomarker for differentiating asthma and COPD.
Collapse
|
30
|
Bronchial epithelium repair by Esculentin-1a-derived antimicrobial peptides: involvement of metalloproteinase-9 and interleukin-8, and evaluation of peptides' immunogenicity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18988. [PMID: 31831857 PMCID: PMC6908641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is seriously damaged upon pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, especially in cystic fibrosis (CF) sufferers. Therefore, the discovery of novel anti-infective agents accelerating healing of infected injured tissues is crucial. The antipseudomonal peptides esculentin-1a(1–21)NH2 and its diastereomer Esc(1–21)-1c (Esc peptides) hold promise in this respect. In fact, they stimulate airway epithelial wound repair, but no mechanistic insights are available. Here we demonstrated that this process occurs through promotion of cell migration by an indirect activation of epidermal growth factor receptor mediated by metalloproteinases. Furthermore, we showed an increased expression of metalloproteinase 9, at both gene and protein levels, in peptide-treated bronchial epithelial cells with a functional or mutated form of CF transmembrane conductance regulator. In addition, the two peptides counteracted the inhibitory effect of Pseudomonas lipopolysaccharide (mimicking an infection condition) on the wound healing activity of the airway epithelium, and they enhanced the production of interleukin-8 from both types of cells. Finally, no immunogenicity was discovered for Esc peptides, suggesting their potential safety for clinical usage. Besides representing a step forward in understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the peptide-induced wound healing activity, these studies have contributed to highlight Esc peptides as valuable therapeutics with multiple functions.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ahmad B, Hanif Q, Xubiao W, Lulu Z, Shahid M, Dayong S, Rijun Z. Expression and Purification of Hybrid LL-37Tα1 Peptide in Pichia pastoris and Evaluation of Its Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Activities by LPS Neutralization. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1365. [PMID: 31258535 PMCID: PMC6587124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study pertains to the new approach for the development of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 and its biomedical applications. A linear cationic hybrid peptide, LL-37Tα1 was derived from two parental peptides (LL-37 and Tα1) recognized as potent anti-endotoxin without any hemolytic or cytotoxic activity. We successfully cloned the gene of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 in PpICZαA vector and expressed in the Pichia pastoris. The recombinant peptide was purified by Ni-affinity column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with an estimated molecular mass of 3.9 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. We analyzed the LPS neutralization by limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) activity and the results indicate that the hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 directly binds endotoxin and significantly (p < 0.05) neutralizes the effect of LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay revealed that LL-37Tα1 successfully reduces the LPS-induced cytotoxicity in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, it significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of nitric oxide, proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and diminished the number of apoptotic cells in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results suggest that the P. pastoris expression system is cost-effective for commercial production of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory hybrid peptide (IAHP) LL-37Tα1 and the peptide may serve as effective anti-endotoxin/anti-inflammatory agent with minimal cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baseer Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Quratulain Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wei Xubiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Lulu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Dayong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Rijun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ruffin M, Brochiero E. Repair Process Impairment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Epithelial Tissues: Major Features and Potential Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:182. [PMID: 31214514 PMCID: PMC6554286 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues protecting organs from the environment are the first-line of defense against pathogens. Therefore, efficient repair mechanisms after injury are crucial to maintain epithelial integrity. However, these healing processes can be insufficient to restore epithelial integrity, notably in infectious conditions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cutaneous, corneal, and respiratory tract epithelia are of particular concern because they are the leading causes of hospitalizations, disabilities, and deaths worldwide. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been shown to alter repair processes, leading to chronic wounds and infections. Because of the current increase in the incidence of multi-drug resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa, complementary approaches to decrease the negative impact of these bacteria on epithelia are urgently needed. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of the impact of P. aeruginosa infections on the integrity and repair mechanisms of alveolar, airway, cutaneous and corneal epithelia. Potential therapeutic avenues aimed at counteracting this deleterious impact of infection are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ruffin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Myszor IT, Parveen Z, Ottosson H, Bergman P, Agerberth B, Strömberg R, Gudmundsson GH. Novel aroylated phenylenediamine compounds enhance antimicrobial defense and maintain airway epithelial barrier integrity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7114. [PMID: 31068616 PMCID: PMC6506505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aroylated phenylenediamines (APDs) are novel inducers of innate immunity enhancing cathelicidin gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cell lines. Here we present two newly developed APDs and aimed at defining the response and signaling pathways for these compounds with reference to innate immunity and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expression. Induction was initially defined with respect to dose and time and compared with the APD Entinostat (MS-275). The induction applies to several innate immunity effectors, indicating that APDs trigger a broad spectrum of antimicrobial responses. The bactericidal effect was shown in an infection model against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by estimating bacteria entering cells. Treatment with a selected APD counteracted Pseudomonas mediated disruption of epithelial integrity. This double action by inducing AMPs and enhancing epithelial integrity for one APD compound is unique and taken as a positive indication for host directed therapy (HDT). The APD effects are mediated through Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. Utilization of induced innate immunity to fight infections can reduce antibiotic usage, might be effective against multidrug resistant bacteria and is in line with improved stewardship in healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona T Myszor
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Zahida Parveen
- Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Håkan Ottosson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, S-14186, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Agerberth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, S-14186, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Roger Strömberg
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jin HS, Song K, Baek JH, Lee JE, Kim DJ, Nam GW, Kang NJ, Lee DW. Identification of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1-Suppressive Peptides in Feather Keratin Hydrolysate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12719-12729. [PMID: 30395462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade collagen and elastin in the dermis of normal skin, is a key strategy for anti-skin aging. In this study, we identified five low-molecular-weight (LMW, <1 kDa) MMP-1-suppressive peptides in feather keratin hydrolysate (FKH) obtained by anaerobic digestion with an extremophilic bacterium. FKH was first subjected to ultrafiltration, followed by size-exclusion chromatography and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Chemically synthesized peptides identical to the sequences identified suppressed MMP expression in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). To investigate the impact of the MMP-1-suppressive peptides on the signaling pathway, we performed antibody array phosphorylation profiling of HDFs. The results suggested that the peptide GGFDL regulates ultraviolet-B-induced MMP-1 expression by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor κB signaling pathways as well as histone modification. Thus, LMW feather keratin peptides could serve as novel bioactive compounds to protect the skin against intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Su Jin
- Department of Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , South Korea
| | - Kyeongseop Song
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Baek
- Center of Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (CBMS) , DiatechKorea Company, Limited , Seoul 05808 , South Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Lee
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Da Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Gae-Won Nam
- School of Cosmetics , Seowon University , Cheongju 28674 , South Korea
| | - Nam Joo Kang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lan B, Mitchel JA, O’Sullivan MJ, Park CY, Kim JH, Cole WC, Butler JP, Park JA. Airway epithelial compression promotes airway smooth muscle proliferation and contraction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L645-L652. [PMID: 30070589 PMCID: PMC6295502 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00261.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute bronchoconstriction, the airway epithelium becomes mechanically compressed, as airway smooth muscle contracts and the airway narrows. This mechanical compression activates airway epithelium to promote asthmatic airway remodeling. However, whether compressed airway epithelium can feed back on the cause of bronchoconstriction has remained an open question. Here we examine the potential for epithelial compression to augment proliferation and contraction of airway smooth muscle, and thus potentiate further bronchoconstriction and epithelial compression. Well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells maintained in air-liquid interface culture were mechanically compressed to mimic the effect of bronchoconstriction. Primary human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells were incubated with conditioned media collected from mechanically compressed HBE cells to examine the effect of epithelial-derived mediators on HASM cell proliferation using an EdU assay and HASM cell contraction using traction microscopy. An endothelin receptor antagonist, PD-145065, was employed to probe the role of HBE cell-derived endothelin-1 on the proliferation and contraction of HASM cells. Conditioned media from compressed HBE cells increased HASM cell proliferation, independent of the endothelin-1 signaling pathway. However, conditioned media from compressed HBE cells significantly increased HASM cell basal contraction and histamine-induced contraction, both of which depended on the endothelin-1 signaling pathway. Our data demonstrate that mechanical compression of bronchial epithelial cells contributes to proliferation and basal contraction of airway smooth muscle cells and that augmented contraction depends on epithelial cell-derived endothelin-1. By means of both airway smooth muscle remodeling and contractility, our findings suggest a causal role of epithelial compression on asthma pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lan
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,2Smooth Muscle Research Group and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Mitchel
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J. O’Sullivan
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chan Young Park
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jae Hun Kim
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William C. Cole
- 2Smooth Muscle Research Group and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - James P. Butler
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,3Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- 1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gravina AG, Prevete N, Tuccillo C, De Musis C, Romano L, Federico A, de Paulis A, D’Argenio G, Romano M. Peptide Hp(2-20) accelerates healing of TNBS-induced colitis in the rat. United European Gastroenterol J 2018; 6:1428-1436. [PMID: 30386616 PMCID: PMC6206543 DOI: 10.1177/2050640618793564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hp(2-20), a Helicobacter pylori-derived peptide interacting with N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), accelerates the healing of gastric injury in rats. Whether Hp(2-20) affects the recovery of inflamed colonic mucosa is unknown. We evaluated whether Hp(2-20) accelerated the healing of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis and explored the mechanism(s) underlying any such effect. METHODS Fifteen rats underwent rectal administration of Hp(2-20) 250-500 µg/kg/day, or of its control peptide Hp1 for 10 days, following induction of colitis with TNBS. Macroscopic and histological damage was quantified using predetermined injury scores. FPR1, COX-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, HB-EGF and tissue transglutaminase (t-TG) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in colonic tissue was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction; FPR1, TNF-α and COX-2 protein levels by Western blotting. RESULTS (1) Hp(2-20) accelerated healing of TNBS-induced colitis compared to controls consistently with the expression of FPRs in colonic mucosa; (2) TNBS upregulated mRNA mucosal expression of COX-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, HB-EGF and t-TG and (3) this, with the exception of HB-EGF, was significantly counteracted by Hp(2-20). CONCLUSIONS Hp(2-20), an FPR agonist, accelerates the healing of TNBS-induced colitis in the rat. This effect is associated with a significant reduction in colonic tissue levels of COX-2, TGF-β, TNF-α and t-TG. We postulate that FPR-dependent pathways may be involved in the repair of inflamed colonic mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AG Gravina
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - N Prevete
- Department of Translational Medical
Sciences (DiSMeT)-University of Naples Federico II and Institute of Endocrinology
and Experimental Oncology (IEOS) “G. Salvatore,” CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - C Tuccillo
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - C De Musis
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - L Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - A Federico
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - A de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical
Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunologic Research (CISI),
University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G D’Argenio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of
Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples,
Italy
| | - M Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
van Harten RM, van Woudenbergh E, van Dijk A, Haagsman HP. Cathelicidins: Immunomodulatory Antimicrobials. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:vaccines6030063. [PMID: 30223448 PMCID: PMC6161271 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins are host defense peptides with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions. These effector molecules of the innate immune system of many vertebrates are diverse in their amino acid sequence but share physicochemical characteristics like positive charge and amphipathicity. Besides being antimicrobial, cathelicidins have a wide variety in immunomodulatory functions, both boosting and inhibiting inflammation, directing chemotaxis, and effecting cell differentiation, primarily towards type 1 immune responses. In this review, we will examine the biology and various functions of cathelicidins, focusing on putting in vitro results in the context of in vivo situations. The pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions are highlighted, as well both direct and indirect effects on chemotaxis and cell differentiation. Additionally, we will discuss the potential and limitations of using cathelicidins as immunomodulatory or antimicrobial drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roel M van Harten
- Division Molecular Host Defence, Dept. Infectious diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Esther van Woudenbergh
- Division Molecular Host Defence, Dept. Infectious diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert van Dijk
- Division Molecular Host Defence, Dept. Infectious diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Henk P Haagsman
- Division Molecular Host Defence, Dept. Infectious diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gál M, Sokolová R, Naumowicz M, Híveš J, Krahulec J. Electrochemical and AFM study of the interaction of recombinant human cathelicidin LL-37 with various supported bilayer lipid membranes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
39
|
Açil Y, Torz K, Gülses A, Wieker H, Gerle M, Purcz N, Will OM, Eduard Meyer J, Wiltfang J. An experimental study on antitumoral effects of KI-21-3, a synthetic fragment of antimicrobial peptide LL-37, on oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:1586-1592. [PMID: 30196859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the oncolytic properties of KI-21-3, a shortened fragment of LL-37, against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve athymic nude mice were divided into a therapy and a control group of six animals each. In both groups, SCC-4 cells were administered extraorally into the floor of the mouth in order to create an OSCC model. In the study group, KI-21-3 was applied intravenously during the 8th and 9th weeks. The subjects in the control group were injected with phosphate buffered saline solution in the same manner. During an examination period of 12 weeks, weight control was performed twice a week. Tumor growth was further controlled volumetrically via ultrasonography once a week with regular intervals. Following sacrifice, ablated tumoral tissues were immunohistochemically evaluated in order to determine the proliferation and apoptotic properties. RESULTS The mean tumor weight in the AMP group was 0.0236 ± 0.023 g, which was 30% lower than the control group with the mean value of 0.01651 ± 0.012 g. In the control group, the approximate number of the proliferating cells per visualized field was fourfold higher compared to the therapy group. Moreover, in the control group, the number of apoptotic cells per visualized field was significantly lower compared to the therapy group. CONCLUSION KI-21-3 showed considerable oncolytic properties on SCC-4 carcinoma cells via antiproliferative and caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the dose-dependent effects of this agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Açil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kaspar Torz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Aydin Gülses
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Henning Wieker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mirko Gerle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolai Purcz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Olga Marie Will
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 1 Section Biomedical Imaging, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ceragenin CSA-13 as free molecules and attached to magnetic nanoparticle surfaces induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via disruption of cell oxidative balance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:21904-21920. [PMID: 29774111 PMCID: PMC5955147 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural antimicrobial peptides and ceragenins, as non-peptide amphipathic mimics, have been proposed as anti-cancer agents. To date, it has been confirmed that cathelicidin LL-37 and ceragenin CSA-13, both in free form and immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@LL-37, MNP@CSA-13) induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Nevertheless, the question remains whether ceragenins, as synthetic analogs of LL-37 peptide and mimicking a number of its properties, act as antineoplastic agents in breast cancer cells, where LL-37 peptide stimulates oncogenesis. Considering potential anticancer activity, we determined whether CSA-13 and MNP@CSA-13 might be effective against breast cancer cells. Our study provides evidence that both CSA-13 and MNP@CSA-13 decreased viability and inhibit proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells despite the protumorigenic properties of LL-37 peptide. Flow cytometry-based analyses revealed that ceragenin treatment results in increases in dead and PI-negative/low-viability cells, which was associated with glutathione (GSH) depletion and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation followed by mitochondrial membrane depolarization, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation. These findings demonstrate that both CSA-13 and MNP@CSA-13 cause disruption of the oxidative balance of cancer cells. This novel mechanism of ceragenin-mediated eradication of cancer cells suggest that these agents may be developed as a possible treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhao L, Tan S, Zhang H, Liu P, Tan YZ, Li JC, Jia D, Shen XF. Astragalus polysaccharides exerts anti-infective activity by inducing human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in respiratory epithelial cells. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1521-1529. [PMID: 29672953 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), one of the major active components in Astragalus membranaceus, is an effective immunomodulator used in the treatment of immunological diseases in China. However, the anti-infective action and mechanism of APS is not fully known. In the present study, we found that APS induced the expression of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37, a key host anti-infective molecule, in both mRNA and protein levels in respiratory epithelial cells HBE16 and A549. Furthermore, the lysate and supernatant from APS-treated HBE16 cells both exhibited an obvious antibacterial action, which was partially neutralizated by LL-37 monoclonal antibody. In addition, APS also significantly elevated the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK and caused the degradation of IκBα. Specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK, JNK, or NF-κB obviously abolished APS-induced LL-37 synthesis and antibacterial activity, respectively. Taken together, our results confirmed the enhancement of APS on LL-37 induction and antibacterial action in respiratory epithelial cells, which may be attributed to activation of p38 MAPK/JNK and NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, these results also supported the clinical application of APS in the treatment of infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Tan
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Shaanxi TASLY Plant Pharmaceutical Co Ltd., Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Tan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Chuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cathelicidin LL-37 Affects Surface and Intracellular Toll-Like Receptor Expression in Tissue Mast Cells. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7357162. [PMID: 29670923 PMCID: PMC5836302 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7357162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Undoubtedly, mast cells take part in host defense against microorganisms as they are numerous at the portal of infection, they release many proinflammatory and antimicrobial mediators, and they express pattern recognition receptors, such as TLRs. These receptors play a key role in recognition and binding molecules associated with microorganisms and molecules associated with damage. Cathelicidins exhibit direct antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of microbes by perturbing their cell membranes. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for these molecules in supporting cell activation. We examined the impact of human cathelicidin LL-37 on tissue mast cell TLR expression and distribution. Depending on context, we show that LL-37 stimulation resulted in minor to major effects on TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 expression. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that, upon stimulation, TLRs may translocate from the cell interior to the surface and conversely. FPR2 and EGFR inhibitors reduced the increase in expression of selected receptors. We also established that LL-37 acts as a powerful inducer of CCL3 and ROS generation. These results showed that in response to LL-37, mast cells enhance the capability to detect invading pathogens by modulation of TLR expression in what may be involved FPR2 or EGFR molecules.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Y, Shan Z, Yang B, Yang D, Men C, Cui Y, Wu J. Cathelicidin LL37 Promotes Epithelial and Smooth-Muscle-Like Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells through the Wnt/β-Catenin and NF-κB Pathways. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 82:1336-1345. [PMID: 29223160 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917110116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ureter reconstruction is a difficult procedure in urology. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), along with multipotency and self-renewal capacity, are a preferred choice for tissue engineering-based ureteral reconstruction. We explored the synergic role of cathelicidin LL37 (LL37) in epithelial and smooth-muscle-like differentiation. ADSCs were separated from adipose tissues of mouse and characterized by flow cytometry. The ADSCs were then stably transfected with pGC-FU-GFP (pGC) or pGC containing full-length LL37 (pGC-LL37), respectively. Cell viability and apoptosis were respectively estimated in the stably transfected cells and non-transfected cells. Then, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used for determinations of epithelial marker expressions after induction by all-trans retinoic acid as well as smooth-muscle-like marker expressions after induction by transforming growth factor-β1. Then, possibly involved signaling pathways and extracellular expression of LL37 were detected. Cell viability and apoptosis were not changed after LL37 overexpression. Expression levels of epithelial and smooth-muscle-like markers were significantly upregulated by LL37 overexpression. Moreover, expressions of key kinases involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as well as epithelial marker were upregulated by the LL37 overexpression, while it was reversed by Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor. Likewise, expressions of key kinases involved in the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway as well as smooth-muscle-like markers were upregulated by LL37 overexpression, which was reversed by NF-κB inhibitor. LL37 was found in the culture medium. LL37, which could be released into the medium, had no impact on cell proliferation and apoptosis of ADSCs. However, LL37 promoted epithelial and smooth-muscle-like differentiation through activating the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Qingdao University, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Milhan NVM, de Barros PP, de Lima Zutin EA, de Oliveira FE, Camargo CHR, Camargo SEA. The Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 as a Possible Adjunct for the Proliferation and Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2017; 43:2048-2053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
45
|
Park HJ, Salem M, Semlali A, Leung KP, Rouabhia M. Antimicrobial peptide KSL-W promotes gingival fibroblast healing properties in vitro. Peptides 2017; 93:33-43. [PMID: 28499840 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of synthetic antimicrobial decapeptide KSL-W (KKVVFWVKFK) on normal human gingival fibroblast growth, migration, collagen gel contraction, and α-smooth muscle actin protein expression. Results show that in addition to promoting fibroblast adhesion by increasing F-actin production, peptide KSL-W promoted cell growth by increasing the S and G2/M cell cycle phases, and enhanced the secretion of metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 by upregulating MMP inhibitors, such as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in fibroblasts. An in vitro wound healing assay confirmed that peptide KSL-W promoted fibroblast migration and contraction of a collagen gel matrix. We also demonstrated a high expression of α-smooth muscle actin by gingival fibroblasts being exposed to KSL-W. This work shows that peptide KSL-W enhances gingival fibroblast growth, migration, and metalloproteinase secretion, and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, thus promoting wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Park
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mabrouka Salem
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kai P Leung
- Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research and Tissue Regeneration Directorate, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6315, USA
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sharp JA, Wanyonyi S, Modepalli V, Watt A, Kuruppath S, Hinds LA, Kumar A, Abud HE, Lefevre C, Nicholas KR. The tammar wallaby: A marsupial model to examine the timed delivery and role of bioactives in milk. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 244:164-177. [PMID: 27528357 PMCID: PMC6408724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is now clear that milk has multiple functions; it provides the most appropriate nutrition for growth of the newborn, it delivers a range of bioactives with the potential to stimulate development of the young, it has the capacity to remodel the mammary gland (stimulate growth or signal cell death) and finally milk can provide protection from infection and inflammation when the mammary gland is susceptible to these challenges. There is increasing evidence to support studies using an Australian marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), as an interesting and unique model to study milk bioactives. Reproduction in the tammar wallaby is characterized by a short gestation, birth of immature young and a long lactation. All the major milk constituents change substantially and progressively during lactation and these changes have been shown to regulate growth and development of the tammar pouch young and to have roles in mammary gland biology. This review will focus on recent reports examining the control of lactation in the tammar wallaby and the timed delivery of milk bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Sharp
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Stephen Wanyonyi
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | | | - Ashalyn Watt
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia
| | | | - Lyn A Hinds
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; PeterMac Callum Cancer Research Institute, East Melbourne 3002, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E Abud
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christophe Lefevre
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Medical Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; PeterMac Callum Cancer Research Institute, East Melbourne 3002, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology (WEHI), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin R Nicholas
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
He HQ, Ye RD. The Formyl Peptide Receptors: Diversity of Ligands and Mechanism for Recognition. Molecules 2017; 22:E455. [PMID: 28335409 PMCID: PMC6155412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that transduce chemotactic signals in phagocytes and mediate host-defense as well as inflammatory responses including cell adhesion, directed migration, granule release and superoxide production. In recent years, the cellular distribution and biological functions of FPRs have expanded to include additional roles in homeostasis of organ functions and modulation of inflammation. In a prototype, FPRs recognize peptides containing N-formylated methionine such as those produced in bacteria and mitochondria, thereby serving as pattern recognition receptors. The repertoire of FPR ligands, however, has expanded rapidly to include not only N-formyl peptides from microbes but also non-formyl peptides of microbial and host origins, synthetic small molecules and an eicosanoid. How these chemically diverse ligands are recognized by the three human FPRs (FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3) and their murine equivalents is largely unclear. In the absence of crystal structures for the FPRs, site-directed mutagenesis, computer-aided ligand docking and structural simulation have led to the identification of amino acids within FPR1 and FPR2 that interact with several formyl peptides. This review article summarizes the progress made in the understanding of FPR ligand diversity as well as ligand recognition mechanisms used by these receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qiong He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Richard D Ye
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wong CCM, Zhang L, Wu WKK, Shen J, Chan RLY, Lu L, Hu W, Li MX, Li LF, Ren SX, Li YF, Li J, Cho CH. Cathelicidin-encoding Lactococcus lactis promotes mucosal repair in murine experimental colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:609-619. [PMID: 27470075 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The preventive effect of intrarectal administration of mouse cathelicidin (mCRAMP) and oral administration of mCRAMP-encoding Lactococcus lactis (N4I) has been shown in murine experimental colitis. It is pivotal to understand the ability of N4I whether it can promote mucosal repair in existing colitis. METHODS Mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) were treated orally with L. lactis or its transformed strain with or without nisin induction. The body weight, clinical symptoms, and histological changes of colonic tissues were determined. Sulfasalazine was used as a reference drug. Young adult mouse colon cells were used to further elucidate the direct action and possible mechanisms of mCRAMP to promote colonic wound repair. RESULTS Results showed that N4I could improve the clinical symptoms, maintain crypt integrity and preserve mucus-secreting layer in colitis animals. The preparation also could prevent cell death and promote cell proliferation. In contrast, effective dose of sulfasalazine only alleviated clinical symptoms but not the mucosal damage and repair in the colon. In vitro study further showed that mCRAMP could directly promote wound repair by accelerating cell migration but not cell proliferation through the GPCR/MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS mCRAMP-encoding L. lactis could be a potential therapeutic preparation better than the traditional anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clover C M Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruby L Y Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming X Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Long F Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shun X Ren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052, China
| | - Chi H Cho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Maestre-Batlle D, Pena OM, Hirota JA, Gunawan E, Rider CF, Sutherland D, Alexis NE, Carlsten C. Novel flow cytometry approach to identify bronchial epithelial cells from healthy human airways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42214. [PMID: 28165060 PMCID: PMC5292697 DOI: 10.1038/srep42214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sampling various compartments within the lower airways to examine human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) is essential for understanding numerous lung diseases. Conventional methods to identify HBEC in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and wash (BW) have throughput limitations in terms of efficiency and ensuring adequate cell numbers for quantification. Flow cytometry can provide high-throughput quantification of cell number and function in BAL and BW samples, while requiring low cell numbers. To date, a flow cytometric method to identify HBEC recovered from lower human airway samples is unavailable. In this study we present a flow cytometric method identifying HBEC as CD45 negative, EpCAM/pan-cytokeratin (pan-CK) double-positive population after excluding debris, doublets and dead cells from the analysis. For validation, the HBEC panel was applied to primary HBEC resulting in 98.6% of live cells. In healthy volunteers, HBEC recovered from BAL (2.3% of live cells), BW (32.5%) and bronchial brushing samples (88.9%) correlated significantly (p = 0.0001) with the manual microscopy counts with an overall Pearson correlation of 0.96 across the three sample types. We therefore have developed, validated, and applied a flow cytometric method that will be useful to interrogate the role of the respiratory epithelium in multiple lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danay Maestre-Batlle
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olga M. Pena
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeremy A. Hirota
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evelyn Gunawan
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher F. Rider
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darren Sutherland
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Neil E. Alexis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Chan-Yeung Center for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gaglione R, Dell'Olmo E, Bosso A, Chino M, Pane K, Ascione F, Itri F, Caserta S, Amoresano A, Lombardi A, Haagsman HP, Piccoli R, Pizzo E, Veldhuizen EJA, Notomista E, Arciello A. Novel human bioactive peptides identified in Apolipoprotein B: Evaluation of their therapeutic potential. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 130:34-50. [PMID: 28131846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Host defence peptides (HDPs) are short, cationic amphipathic peptides that play a key role in the response to infection and inflammation in all complex life forms. It is increasingly emerging that HDPs generally have a modest direct activity against a broad range of microorganisms, and that their anti-infective properties are mainly due to their ability to modulate the immune response. Here, we report the recombinant production and characterization of two novel HDPs identified in human Apolipoprotein B (residues 887-922) by using a bioinformatics method recently developed by our group. We focused our attention on two variants of the identified HDP, here named r(P)ApoBL and r(P)ApoBS, 38- and 26-residue long, respectively. Both HDPs were found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity while they show neither toxic nor haemolytic effects towards eukaryotic cells. Interestingly, both HDPs were found to display a significant anti-biofilm activity, and to act in synergy with either commonly used antibiotics or EDTA. The latter was selected for its ability to affect bacterial outer membrane permeability, and to sensitize bacteria to several antibiotics. Circular dichroism analyses showed that SDS, TFE, and LPS significantly alter r(P)ApoBL conformation, whereas slighter or no significant effects were detected in the case of r(P)ApoBS peptide. Interestingly, both ApoB derived peptides were found to elicit anti-inflammatory effects, being able to mitigate the production of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 and nitric oxide in LPS induced murine macrophages. It should also be emphasized that r(P)ApoBL peptide was found to play a role in human keratinocytes wound closure in vitro. Altogether, these findings open interesting perspectives on the therapeutic use of the herein identified HDPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Gaglione
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eliana Dell'Olmo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Katia Pane
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Itri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Caserta
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), UdR INSTM Napoli Federico II, P.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angelina Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Henk P Haagsman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renata Piccoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Italy
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Arciello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|