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Sok D, Raval S, McKinney J, Drissi H, Mason A, Mautner K, Kaiser JM, Willett NJ. NSAIDs Reduce Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in a Rodent Model of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:1389-1398. [PMID: 35420503 DOI: 10.1177/03635465221083610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-articular injections of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) have shown promise in slowing cartilage degradation in posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Clinical use of cell therapies for osteoarthritis has accelerated in recent years without sufficient scientific evidence defining best-use practices. Common recommendations advise patients to avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use before and after cell injection over concerns that NSAIDs may affect therapeutic efficacy. Recommendations to restrict NSAID use are challenging for patients, and it is unclear if patients are compliant. HYPOTHESIS NSAIDs will reduce the efficacy of hMSC therapy in treating a preclinical model of PTOA. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Lewis rats underwent medial meniscal transection (MMT) surgery to induce PTOA or a sham (sham group) surgery that did not progress to PTOA. Rats received naproxen solution orally daily before (Pre-NSAID group) or after (Post-NSAID group) hMSC treatment, throughout the course of the experiment (Full-NSAID group), or received hMSCs without NSAIDs (No NSAID). Cartilage morphology and composition were quantified using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography and histology. Pain (secondary allodynia) was measured using a von Frey filament. RESULTS Injection of hMSCs attenuated cartilage degeneration associated with MMT. hMSCs prevented proteoglycan loss, maintained smooth cartilage surfaces, reduced cartilage lesions, reduced mineralized osteophyte formation, and reduced pain by week 7. The Pre-NSAID group had decreased proteoglycan levels compared with the hMSC group, although there were no other significant differences. Thus, pretreatment with NSAIDs had minimal effects on the therapeutic benefits of hMSC injections. The Post-NSAID and Full-NSAID groups, however, exhibited significantly worse osteoarthritis than the hMSC-only group, with greater proteoglycan loss, surface roughness, osteophyte volume, and pain. CONCLUSION Use of NSAIDs before hMSC injection minimally reduced the therapeutic benefits for PTOA, which included preservation of cartilage surface integrity as well as a reduction in osteophytes. Use of NSAIDs after injections, however, substantially reduced the therapeutic efficacy of cellular treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data support the clinical recommendation of avoiding NSAID use after hMSC injection but suggest that using NSAIDs before treatment may not substantially diminish the therapeutic efficacy of cell treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sok
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarvgna Raval
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jay McKinney
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amadeus Mason
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ken Mautner
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jarred M Kaiser
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nick J Willett
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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2
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Casals C, García-Fojeda B, Minutti CM. Soluble defense collagens: Sweeping up immune threats. Mol Immunol 2019; 112:291-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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McKinney JM, Doan TN, Wang L, Deppen J, Reece DS, Pucha KA, Ginn S, Levit RD, Willett NJ. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular delivery of encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells on early stage osteoarthritis. Eur Cell Mater 2019; 37:42-59. [PMID: 30693466 PMCID: PMC7549187 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v037a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a great therapeutic promise in pre-clinical models of osteoarthritis (OA), but many questions remain as to their therapeutic mechanism of action: engraftment versus paracrine action. Encapsulation of human MSCs (hMSCs) in sodium alginate microspheres allowed for the paracrine signaling properties of these cells to be isolated and studied independently of direct cellular engraftment. The objective of the present study was to quantitatively assess the efficacy of encapsulated hMSCs as a disease-modifying therapeutic for OA, using a medial meniscal tear (MMT) rat model. It was hypothesized that encapsulated hMSCs would have a therapeutic effect, through paracrine-mediated action, on early OA development. Lewis rats underwent MMT surgery to induce OA. 1 d post-surgery, rats received intra-articular injections of encapsulated hMSCs or controls (i.e., saline, empty capsules, non-encapsulated hMSCs). Microstructural changes in the knee joint were quantified using equilibrium partitioning of a ionic contrast agent based micro-computed tomography (EPIC-μCT) at 3 weeks post-surgery, an established time point for early OA. Encapsulated hMSCs significantly attenuated MMT-induced increases in articular cartilage swelling and surface roughness and augmented cartilaginous and mineralized osteophyte volumes. Cellular encapsulation allowed to isolate the hMSC paracrine signaling effects and demonstrated that hMSCs could exert a chondroprotective therapeutic role on early stage OA through paracrine signaling alone. In addition to this chondroprotective role, encapsulated hMSCs augmented the compensatory increases in osteophyte formation. The latter should be taken into strong consideration as many clinical trials using MSCs for OA are currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N J Willett
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Room 5A-115, Decatur, GA 30033,
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Kunzmann S, Ottensmeier B, Speer CP, Fehrholz M. Progesterone Antagonizes Dexamethasone-Regulated Surfactant Proteins In Vitro. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:1062-1070. [PMID: 30317939 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118804668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant women at risk of preterm labor routinely receive glucocorticoids (GCs) and frequently also progesterone. Administration of GCs accelerates intrauterine surfactant synthesis and lung maturation, thereby reducing the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; progesterone has the potential to prevent preterm birth. Little is known about possible interactions of GCs and progesterone. Our aim was to clarify whether progesterone can affect dexamethasone (DXM)-regulated expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A), SP-B, and SP-D in lung epithelial cells. H441 cells were exposed to DXM and progesterone and expression of SPs was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Although progesterone had no direct effect on the expression of SP-B, DXM-mediated induction was inhibited dose dependently on the transcriptional (64 µM [P < .0001], 32 µM [P = .0005], 16 µM [P = .0019]) and the translational level. Furthermore, progesterone inhibited stimulatory effects of other GCs as well. While exogenous tissue growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) inhibited DXM-induced SP-B expression (messenger RNA [mRNA]: P = .0014), progesterone itself did not influence TGF-β1 mRNA expression and/or TGF-β1/Smad signaling, demonstrating that TGF-β1 and/or Smad activation is not involved. The inhibitory effect of progesterone could be imitated by the GC and progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist RU-486, but not by the specific PR antagonist PF-02413873, indicating that progesterone acts as a competitive antagonist of DXM. The effect of progesterone on DXM-regulated genes was not specific for SP-B, as expression of SP-A and SP-D mRNAs was also antagonized. The present study highlights a new action of progesterone as a potential physiological inhibitor of GC-dependent SP expression in lung epithelial cells. The clinical relevance of this in vitro finding is currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kunzmann
- 1 Clinic of Neonatology, Buergerhospital Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,2 University Children's Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wüerzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Ottensmeier
- 2 University Children's Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wüerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian P Speer
- 2 University Children's Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wüerzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fehrholz
- 2 University Children's Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wüerzburg, Germany
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5
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Goldstein BD, Lauer ME, Caplan AI, Bonfield TL. Chronic asthma and Mesenchymal stem cells: Hyaluronan and airway remodeling. J Inflamm (Lond) 2017; 14:18. [PMID: 28860944 PMCID: PMC5577750 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-017-0165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that ovalbumin sensitization promotes chronic asthma phenotype in murine asthma model. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells in vitro that have been shown to decrease inflammation and can reverse airway remodeling when infused into an in vivo chronic asthma model. However, the mechanism by which hMSCs reverse remodeling is still unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that hMSCs influence remodeling by decreasing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, more specifically by decreasing collagen I, collagen III, and hyaluronan synthesis. METHODS Chronic asthma phenotype was produced in an in vitro model with 3 T3 murine airway fibroblast cells by stimulating with GM-CSF. Collagen I and collagen III gene expression was investigated using RT-PCR and Taqman techniques. Hyaluronan was evaluated using FACE and Western Blots. The chronic asthma phenotype was produced in vivo in murine model using sensitization with ovalbumin with and without hMSC infusion therapy. ECM deposition (specifically trichrome staining, soluble and insoluble collagen deposition, and hyaluronan production) was evaluated. Image quantification was used to monitor trichrome staining changes. RESULTS GM-CSF which induced collagen I and collagen III production was down-regulated with hMSC using co-culture. In the in vivo model, Ovalbumin induced enhanced ECM deposition, soluble and insoluble collagen production, and lung elastance. hMSC infusions decreased ECM deposition as evidenced by decreases in soluble and insoluble collagen production. CONCLUSION hMSCs participate in improved outcomes of remodeling by reversing excess collagen deposition and changing hyaluronan levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Mark E. Lauer
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Arnold I. Caplan
- Skeletal Research Center, Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Tracey L. Bonfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Biomedical Research Building #822, Cleveland, OH 44106-4948 USA
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Madhukaran SP, Alhamlan FS, Kale K, Vatish M, Madan T, Kishore U. Role of collectins and complement protein C1q in pregnancy and parturition. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1273-88. [PMID: 27349595 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Collectins such as surfactant proteins SP-A, SP-D, and mannan-binding lectin (MBL), as well as complement protein C1q are evolutionarily conserved innate immune molecules. They are known to opsonize a range of microbial pathogens (bacteria, fungi, virus, and parasites) and trigger effector clearance mechanisms involving phagocytosis and/or complement activation. Collectins and C1q have also attracted attention in studies involving pregnancy as they are expressed in the female reproductive tissues during pregnancy; a unique state of immune suppression with increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Recent studies are beginning to unravel their functional significance in implantation, placentation, pregnancy maintenance and parturition in normal and adverse pregnancies. Collectins and C1q, expressed in gestational tissues during pregnancy, might alter the status of mother's immune response to the allogenic fetus and the microenvironment, thereby serving as important regulators of fetus-mother interaction. Here, we discuss the functional roles that have been assigned to SP-A, SP-D, MBL and C1q in pregnancy and parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmuga Priyaa Madhukaran
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute for Advanced Studies, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Fatimah S Alhamlan
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kavita Kale
- Department of Innate Immunity, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Manu Vatish
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
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Oral administration of surfactant protein-a reduces pathology in an experimental model of necrotizing enterocolitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 60:613-20. [PMID: 25539191 PMCID: PMC5027895 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) frequently results in significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Others reported that mice deficient in pulmonary surfactant protein-A (SP-A) born and raised in a nonhygienic environment succumb to significant gastrointestinal tract pathology, and enteral administration of purified SP-A significantly reduced mortality. We hypothesized that oral administration of purified SP-A can ameliorate pathology in an experimental model of neonatal NEC. METHODS Experimental NEC was induced in newborn Sprague-Dawley rat pups by daily formula gavage and intermittent exposure to hypoxia. Purified human SP-A (5 μg/day) was administered by oral gavage. After 4 days, surviving pups were sacrificed, and intestinal pathology was assessed by histological examination of distal terminal ileal sections. Intestinal levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by Western analysis. RESULTS Sixty-one percent of the gavaged rat pups that survived to day 4 met the criteria for experimental NEC after hypoxia, whereas treatment with SP-A significantly reduced mortality and assessment of NEC. Intestinal levels of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in pups exposed to hypoxia. Administration of SP-A to pups exposed to hypoxia significantly reduced IL-1β and TNF-α levels, but had little effect on elevated levels of IFN-γ. SP-A treatment of hypoxia-exposed pups significantly reduced expression of intestinal TLR4, key in NEC pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of experimental neonatal NEC, oral administration of SP-A reduces intestinal levels of proinflammatory cytokines and TLR4 protein and ameliorates adverse outcomes associated with gastrointestinal pathologies.
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Blois SM, Sulkowski G, Tirado-González I, Warren J, Freitag N, Klapp BF, Rifkin D, Fuss I, Strober W, Dveksler GS. Pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 1 (PSG1) activates TGF-β and prevents dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:348-58. [PMID: 23945545 PMCID: PMC3844031 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2013.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) are secreted from cells as latent complexes and the activity of TGF-βs is controlled predominantly through activation of these complexes. Tolerance to the fetal allograft is essential for pregnancy success; TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 play important roles in regulating these processes. Pregnancy-specific β-glycoproteins (PSGs) are present in the maternal circulation at a high concentration throughout pregnancy and have been proposed to have anti-inflammatory functions. We found that recombinant and native PSG1 activate TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in vitro. Consistent with these findings, administration of PSG1 protected mice from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the number of T regulatory cells. The PSG1-mediated protection was greatly inhibited by the coadministration of neutralizing anti-TGF-β antibody. Our results indicate that proteins secreted by the placenta directly contribute to the generation of active TGF-β and identify PSG1 as one of the few known biological activators of TGF-β2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Blois
- Charité Center 12 Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Medicine University Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Correspondence:
| | - Gisela Sulkowski
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
| | - Irene Tirado-González
- Charité Center 12 Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Medicine University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - James Warren
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
| | - Nancy Freitag
- Charité Center 12 Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Medicine University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burghard F. Klapp
- Charité Center 12 Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Medicine University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Ivan Fuss
- Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Warren Strober
- Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Gabriela S. Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA,Correspondence:
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Bersani I, Speer CP, Kunzmann S. Surfactant proteins A and D in pulmonary diseases of preterm infants. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 10:573-84. [DOI: 10.1586/eri.12.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Dimarino AM, Caplan AI, Bonfield TL. Mesenchymal stem cells in tissue repair. Front Immunol 2013; 4:201. [PMID: 24027567 PMCID: PMC3761350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies for clinical therapeutics has been an exciting and new innovation for the treatment of a variety of diseases associated with inflammation, tissue damage, and subsequent regeneration and repair. Application-based ability to measure MSC potency and fate of the cells post-MSC therapy are the variables that confound the use of MSCs therapeutics in human diseases. An evaluation of MSC function and applications with attention to detail in the preparation as well as quality control and quality assurance are only as good as the assays that are developed. In vivo measures of efficacy and potency require an appreciation of the overall pathophysiology of the model and standardization of outcome measures. The new concepts of how MSC’s participate in the tissue regeneration and wound repair process and further, how this is impacted by estimates of efficacy and potency are important new topics. In this regard, this chapter will review some of the in vitro and in vivo assays for MSC function and activity and their application to the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Dimarino
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH , USA
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Willems CHMP, Zimmermann LJI, Kloosterboer N, Kramer BW, van Iwaarden JF. Surfactant protein A binds TGF-β1 with high affinity and stimulates the TGF-β pathway. Innate Immun 2013; 20:192-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425913488012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We were able to demonstrate reversible, specific and high-affinity binding of radioactively-labelled TGF-β1 (125I-TGF-β1) to immobilized surfactant protein A (SP-A), with an apparent dissociation constant of 53 picomolar at ∼21℃. Addition of a 200-fold molar excess of the latency associated peptide (LAP) prevented and dissociated the binding of 125I-TGF-β1 to SP-A, whereas latent TGF-β1 had no effect. Using a bioassay for TGF-β1 activity—a luciferase reporter assay—we were able to show that SP-A in the presence of TGF-β1 stimulated the TGF-β1 pathway, whereas SP-A alone had no effect. Studies with structural analogues of the distinct SP-A tail domain and head domain indicated that stimulatory activity of SP-A resided in the head domain. No activation of latent TGF-β1 by SP-A was observed. In addition, we observed that SP-A inhibited TGF-β1 inactivation by LAP. These results indicate that SP-A may have a regulatory role in the TGF-β1-mediated processes in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coen HMP Willems
- Department of Paediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Luc JI Zimmermann
- Department of Paediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nico Kloosterboer
- Department of Paediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Department of Paediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J Freek van Iwaarden
- Department of Paediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Willems CHMP, Zimmermann LJI, Langen RMR, van den Bosch MJA, Kloosterboer N, Kramer BW, van Iwaarden JF. Surfactant Protein A Influences Reepithelialization in an Alveolocapillary Model System. Lung 2012; 190:661-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-012-9424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Gowdy KM, Cardona DM, Nugent JL, Giamberardino C, Thomas JM, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Martinu T, Foster WM, Plevy SE, Pastva AM, Wright JR, Palmer SM. Novel role for surfactant protein A in gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:4897-905. [PMID: 22508928 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a severe and frequent complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) that involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and lungs. The pathobiology of GVHD is complex and involves immune cell recognition of host Ags as foreign. We hypothesize a central role for the collectin surfactant protein A (SP-A) in regulating the development of GVHD after allogeneic BMT. C57BL/6 (H2b; WT) and SP-A-deficient mice on a C57BL/6 background (H2b; SP-A(-/-)) mice underwent allogeneic or syngeneic BMT with cells from either C3HeB/FeJ (H2k; SP-A-deficient recipient mice that have undergone an allogeneic BMT [SP-A(-/-)alloBMT] or SP-A-sufficient recipient mice that have undergone an allogeneic BMT) or C57BL/6 (H2b; SP-A-deficient recipient mice that have undergone a syngeneic BMT or SP-A-sufficient recipient mice that have undergone a syngeneic BMT) mice. Five weeks post-BMT, mice were necropsied, and lung and GI tissue were analyzed. SP-A(-/-) alloBMT or SP-A-sufficient recipient mice that have undergone an allogeneic BMT had no significant differences in lung pathology; however, SP-A(-/-)alloBMT mice developed marked features of GI GVHD, including decreased body weight, increased tissue inflammation, and lymphocytic infiltration. SP-A(-/-)alloBMT mice also had increased colon expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ and as well as increased Th17 cells and diminished regulatory T cells. Our results demonstrate the first evidence, to our knowledge, of a critical role for SP-A in modulating GI GVHD. In these studies, we demonstrate that mice deficient in SP-A that have undergone an allogeneic BMT have a greater incidence of GI GVHD that is associated with increased Th17 cells and decreased regulatory T cells. The results of these studies demonstrate that SP-A protects against the development of GI GVHD and establishes a role for SP-A in regulating the immune response in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kymberly M Gowdy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Mukherjee S, Giamberardino C, Thomas JM, Gowdy K, Pastva AM, Wright JR. Surfactant protein A modulates induction of regulatory T cells via TGF-β. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:4376-84. [PMID: 22474025 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
TCR signaling plays a critical role in regulatory T cell (Treg) development. However, the mechanism for tissue-specific induction of Tregs in the periphery remains unclear. We observed that surfactant protein A (SP-A)-deficient mice have impaired expression of Foxp3 and fewer CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs after ex vivo stimulation and after stimulation with LPS in vivo. The addition of exogenous SP-A completely reversed this phenotype. Although SP-A is known to inhibit T cell proliferation under certain activation conditions, both IL-2 levels as well as active TGF-β levels increase on extended culture with exogenous SP-A, providing a key mechanism for the maintenance and induction of Tregs. In addition, kinetic suppression assays demonstrate that SP-A enhances the frequency of functional Foxp3(+) Tregs in responder T cell populations in a TGF-β-dependent manner. In mice treated with LPS in vivo, Tregs increased ∼160% in wild-type mice compared with only a 50% increase in LPS-treated SP-A(-/-) mice 8 d after exposure. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that SP-A affects T cell immune function by the induction of Tregs during activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambuddho Mukherjee
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham NC 27710, USA
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15
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Willems CH, Kloosterboer N, Kunzmann S, Kramer BW, Zimmermann LJ, van Iwaarden JF. Dissociation of transforming growth factors β1 and β2 from surfactant protein A (SP-A) by deglycosylation or deoxycholate treatment. J Immunol Methods 2012; 375:111-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Snegovskikh VV, Bhandari V, Wright JR, Tadesse S, Morgan T, Macneill C, Foyouzi N, Park JS, Wang Y, Norwitz ER. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) selectively inhibits prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) production in term decidua: implications for the onset of labor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:E624-32. [PMID: 21270323 PMCID: PMC3070253 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Labor is characterized by "decidual activation" with production of inflammatory mediators. Recent data suggest that surfactant protein-A (SP-A) may be critical to the onset of labor in mice. Whether this is also true in humans is unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate: 1) the expression of SP-A at the maternal-fetal interface; 2) the effect of SP-A on the production of inflammatory mediators by human decidua; and 3) the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in maternal SP-A genes and spontaneous preterm birth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In situ expression of SP-A was investigated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR. Term decidual stromal cells were isolated, purified, and treated with/without SP-A (1-100 μg/ml), IL-1β, and/or thrombin. Levels of inflammatory mediators [IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, matrix metalloproteinase-3, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, IL-1β, PGE(2), prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF(2α))] and angiogenic factors (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, vascular endothelial growth factor) were measured in conditioned supernatant by ELISA and corrected for protein content. The effect of SP-A on eicosanoid gene expression was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS SP-A localized to endometrium/decidua. High-dose SP-A (100 μg/ml) inhibited PGF(2α) by term decidual stromal cells without affecting the production of other inflammatory mediators, and this effect occurred at a posttranscriptional level. Decidual SP-A expression decreased significantly with labor. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the SP-A genes do not appear to be associated with preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS SP-A is produced by human endometrium/decidua, where it significantly and selectively inhibits PGF(2α) production. Its expression decreases with labor. These novel observations suggest that decidual SP-A likely plays a critical role in regulating prostaglandin production within the uterus, culminating at term in decidual activation and the onset of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V Snegovskikh
- Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Pulmonary function changes in experimental graft-versus-host disease of the lung. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008; 14:1004-1016. [PMID: 18721763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary graft-versus-host disease (p-GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) of high morbidity and high mortality. We characterized breathing patterns and pulmonary function changes in correlation to lung histopathology and survival by using a well-established murine model of p-GVHD. Lethally irradiated B6D2F1 mice received SCT from either syngeneic B6D2F1 or allogeneic C57BL/6 animals. Within 6 weeks, severe p-GVHD developed in allogeneic recipients characterized by progressive interstitial, alveolar, peribronchial, and periluminal inflammatory cell infiltration, whereas in syngeneic recipients lung histology remained normal. Allogeneic recipients demonstrated decreased minute ventilation (MV), reduced peak inspiratory and expiratory flow rates as early as 1 week after SCT. In addition, allo-SCT resulted in restrictive pulmonary function changes as early as 7 days after transplantation and in progressive airflow obstruction within 6 weeks. Decreased breathing abilities and pulmonary function changes of allogeneic recipients were associated with increased mortality and the severity of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). These findings show that p-GVHD can be characterized by changes in pulmonary function and functional respiratory insufficiency. Furthermore, our data strengthen the understanding, that the lung is a critical target organ of aGVHD.
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Gram K, Yang S, Steiner M, Somani A, Hawgood S, Blazar BR, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Haddad IY. Simultaneous absence of surfactant proteins A and D increases lung inflammation and injury after allogeneic HSCT in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2008; 296:L167-75. [PMID: 18996902 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.90253.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative contributions of the hydrophilic surfactant proteins (SP)-A and -D to early inflammatory responses associated with lung dysfunction after experimental allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were investigated. We hypothesized that the absence of SP-A and SP-D would exaggerate allogeneic T cell-dependent inflammation and exacerbate lung injury. Wild-type, SP-D-deficient (SP-D(-/-)), and SP-A and -D double knockout (SP-A/D(-/-)) C57BL/6 mice were lethally conditioned with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation and given allogeneic bone marrow plus donor spleen T cells, simulating clinical HSCT regimens. On day 7, after HSCT, permeability edema progressively increased in SP-D(-/-) and SP-A/D(-/-) mice. Allogeneic T cell-dependent inflammatory responses were also increased in SP-D(-/-) and SP-A/D(-/-) mice, but the altered mediators of inflammation were not identical. Compared with wild-type, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of nitrite plus nitrate, GM-CSF, and MCP-1, but not TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, were higher in SP-D-deficient mice before and after HSCT. In SP-A/D(-/-) mice, day 7 post-HSCT BALF levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, in addition to nitrite plus nitrate and MCP-1, were higher compared with mice lacking SP-D alone. After HSCT, both SP-A and SP-D exhibited anti-inflammatory lung-protective functions that were not completely redundant in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Gram
- Banner Children's Hospital, Mesa, AZ 85202, USA
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Samten B, Townsend JC, Sever-Chroneos Z, Pasquinelli V, Barnes PF, Chroneos ZC. An antibody against the surfactant protein A (SP-A)-binding domain of the SP-A receptor inhibits T cell-mediated immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Leukoc Biol 2008; 84:115-23. [PMID: 18443188 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1207835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) suppresses lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 secretion, in part, by binding to its receptor, SP-R210. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are not well understood. Here, we studied the effect of antibodies against the SP-A-binding (neck) domain (alpha-SP-R210n) or nonbinding C-terminal domain (alpha-SP-R210ct) of SP-R210 on human peripheral blood T cell immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We demonstrated that both antibodies bind to more than 90% of monocytes and 5-10% of CD3+ T cells in freshly isolated PBMC. Stimulation of PBMC from healthy tuberculin reactors [purified protein derivative-positive (PPD+)] with heat-killed M. tuberculosis induced increased antibody binding to CD3+ cells. Increased antibody binding suggested enhanced expression of SP-R210, and this was confirmed by Western blotting. The antibodies (alpha-SP-R210n) cross-linking the SP-R210 through the SP-A-binding domain markedly inhibited cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion by PBMC from PPD+ donors in response to heat-killed M. tuberculosis, whereas preimmune IgG and antibodies (alpha-SP-R210ct) cross-linking SP-R210 through the non-SP-A-binding, C-terminal domain had no effect. Anti-SP-R210n also decreased M. tuberculosis-induced production of TNF-alpha but increased production of IL-10. Inhibition of IFN-gamma production by alpha-SP-R210n was abrogated by the combination of neutralizing antibodies to IL-10 and TGF-beta1. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that SP-A, via SP-R210, suppresses cell-mediated immunity against M. tuberculosis via a mechanism that up-regulates secretion of IL-10 and TGF-beta1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buka Samten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Center for Pulmonary and Infectious Disease Control, the University of Texas Health Center, 11937 U.S. Hwy. 271, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
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Sánchez-Barbero F, Rivas G, Steinhilber W, Casals C. Structural and functional differences among human surfactant proteins SP-A1, SP-A2 and co-expressed SP-A1/SP-A2: role of supratrimeric oligomerization. Biochem J 2007; 406:479-89. [PMID: 17542781 PMCID: PMC2049033 DOI: 10.1042/bj20070275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SP-A (surfactant protein A) is a membrane-associated SP that helps to maintain the lung in a sterile and non-inflamed state. Unlike SP-As from other mammalian species, human SP-A consists of two functional gene products: SP-A1 and SP-A2. In all the functions examined, recombinant human SP-A1 invariably exhibits lower biological activity than SP-A2. The objective of the present study was to investigate why SP-A2 possesses greater biological activity than SP-A1 and what advantage accrues to having two polypeptide chains instead of one. We analysed structural and functional characteristics of recombinant baculovirus-derived SP-A1, SP-A2 and co-expressed SP-A1/SP-A2 using a wide array of experimental approaches such as analytical ultracentrifugation, DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and fluorescence. We found that the extent of supratrimeric assembly is much lower in SP-A1 than SP-A2. However, the resistance to proteolysis is greater for SP-A1 than for SP-A2. Co-expressed SP-A1/SP-A2 had greater thermal stability than SP-A1 and SP-A2 and exhibited properties of each protein. On the one hand, SP-A1/SP-A2, like SP-A2, had a higher degree of oligomerization than SP-A1, and consequently had lower K(d) for binding to bacterial Re-LPS (rough lipopolysaccharide), higher self-association in the presence of calcium and greater capability to aggregate Re-LPS and phospholipids than SP-A1. On the other hand, SP-A1/SP-A2, like SP-A1, was more resistant to trypsin degradation than SP-A2. Finally, the importance of the supratrimeric assembly for SP-A immunomodulatory function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Sánchez-Barbero
- *Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I and CIBER (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red) Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Rivas
- †Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Calle Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Wolfram Steinhilber
- ‡Department of Biotechnology, ALTANA Pharma AG, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, 78467 Konstanz, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Cristina Casals
- *Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I and CIBER (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red) Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Pastva AM, Wright JR, Williams KL. Immunomodulatory roles of surfactant proteins A and D: implications in lung disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2007; 4:252-7. [PMID: 17607008 PMCID: PMC2647627 DOI: 10.1513/pats.200701-018aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant, a lipoprotein complex, was originally described for its essential role in reducing surface tension at the air-liquid interface of the lung; however, it is now recognized as being a critical component in lung immune host defense. Surfactant proteins (SP)-A and -D are pattern recognition molecules of the collectin family of C-type lectins. SP-A and SP-D are part of the innate immune system and regulate the functions of other innate immune cells, such as macrophages. They also modulate the adaptive immune response by interacting with antigen-presenting cells and T cells, thereby linking innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging studies suggest that SP-A and SP-D function to modulate the immunologic environment of the lung so as to protect the host and, at the same time, modulate an overzealous inflammatory response that could potentially damage the lung and impair gas exchange. Numerous polymorphisms of SPs have been identified that may potentially possess differential functional abilities and may act via different receptors to ultimately alter the susceptibility to or severity of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Pastva
- Department of Cell Biology, Box 3709, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Bohlson SS, Fraser DA, Tenner AJ. Complement proteins C1q and MBL are pattern recognition molecules that signal immediate and long-term protective immune functions. Mol Immunol 2006; 44:33-43. [PMID: 16908067 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
C1q and mannose binding lectin, members of the "defense collagen" family, are pattern recognition molecules that can trigger rapid enhanced phagocytosis resulting in efficient containment of pathogens or clearance of cellular debris, apoptotic cells and immune complexes. In addition, interaction of C1q and mannose binding lectin with the phagocyte alters subsequent phagocyte cytokine synthesis, and thus may have important implications in directing acute inflammation as well as long-term protective immunity. The importance of the role of defense collagens in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is highlighted by studies in vivo of mice deficient in C1q, pulmonary surfactant D and mannose binding lectin in which there is delayed clearance of apoptotic cells. Indeed, deficiency of C1q is a risk factor for the development of autoimmunity in both humans and mice, consistent with the hypothesis that inefficient clearance of apoptotic cells results in release of autoantigens and contributes to the pathology associated with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Further understanding of the importance of C1q and mannose binding lectin in the clearance of apoptotic cells and regulation of cytokine synthesis and identification of the receptors implicated in mediating these processes should provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention in the control and manipulation of the immune response in terms of both host defense against infectious disease and tissue repair and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne S Bohlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Wright JR. The "wisdom" of lung surfactant: balancing host defense and surface tension-reducing functions. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 291:L847-50. [PMID: 16861381 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00261.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Rae Wright
- Box 3709, Dept. of Cell Biology, Duke Univ. Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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