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Amanso AM, Turner TC, Kamalakar A, Ballestas SA, Hymel LA, Randall J, Johnston R, Arthur RA, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA, Goudy SL. Local delivery of FTY720 induces neutrophil activation through chemokine signaling in an oronasal fistula model. Regen Eng Transl Med 2021; 7:160-174. [PMID: 34722855 PMCID: PMC8549964 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cleft palate repair surgeries lack a regenerative reconstructive option and, in many cases, develop complications including oronasal fistula (ONF). Our group has developed a novel murine phenocopy of ONF to study the oral cavity wound healing program. Using this model, our team previously identified that delivery of FTY720 on a nanofiber scaffold had a unique immunomodulatory effect directing macrophages and monocytes into a pro-regenerative state during ONF healing. Here, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of local biomaterial-based FTY720 delivery in the ONF model on the early bulk gene expression and neutrophil phenotypic response within the regenerating tissue. Methods Using a mouse model of ONF formation, a palate defect was created and was treated with FTY720 nanofiber scaffolds or (blank) vehicle control nanofibers. At 1 and 3 days post-implantation, ONF oral mucosal tissue from the defect region was collected for RNA sequencing analysis or flow cytometry. For the RNA-seq expression profiling, intracellular pathways were assessed using the KEGG Pathway database and Gene Ontology (GO) Terms enrichment interactive graph. To assess the effects of FTY720 on different neutrophil subpopulations, flow cytometry data was analyzed using pseudotime analysis based on Spanning-tree Progression Analysis of Density-normalized Events (SPADE). Results RNA sequencing analysis of palate mucosa injured tissue identified 669 genes that were differentially expressed (DE) during the first 3 days of ONF wound healing after local delivery of FTY720, including multiple genes in the sphingolipid signaling pathway. Evaluation of the DE genes at the KEGG Pathway database also identified the inflammatory immune response pathways (chemokine signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and leukocyte transendothelial migration), and the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis identified neutrophil chemotaxis and migration terms. SPADE dendrograms of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils at both day 1 and day 3 post-injury showed significantly distinct subpopulations of neutrophils in oral mucosal defect tissue from the FTY720 scaffold treatment group compared to the vehicle control group (blank). Increased expression of CD88 and Vav1, among other genes, were found and staining of the ONF area demonstrated increased VAV1 staining in FTY720‐treated healing oral mucosa. Conclusion Treatment of oral mucosal defects using FTY720 scaffolds is a promising new immunotherapy to improve healing outcomes and reducing ONF formation during cleft palate surgical repair. Local delivery of FTY720 nanofiber scaffolds during ONF healing significantly shifted early gene transcription associated with immune cell recruitment and modulation of the immune microenvironment results in distinct neutrophil subpopulations in the oral mucosal defect tissue that provides a critical shift toward pro-regenerative immune signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40883-021-00208-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Amanso
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - T C Turner
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - A Kamalakar
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - S A Ballestas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - L A Hymel
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - J Randall
- The Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - R Johnston
- The Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - R A Arthur
- The Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - N J Willett
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA.,Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - E A Botchwey
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - S L Goudy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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Ruehle MA, Eastburn EA, LaBelle SA, Krishnan L, Weiss JA, Boerckel JD, Wood LB, Guldberg RE, Willett NJ. Extracellular matrix compression temporally regulates microvascular angiogenesis. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eabb6351. [PMID: 32937368 PMCID: PMC7442478 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb6351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical cues influence tissue regeneration, and although vasculature is known to be mechanically sensitive, little is known about the effects of bulk extracellular matrix deformation on the nascent vessel networks found in healing tissues. Previously, we found that dynamic matrix compression in vivo potently regulated revascularization during bone tissue regeneration; however, whether matrix deformations directly regulate angiogenesis remained unknown. Here, we demonstrated that load initiation time, magnitude, and mode all regulate microvascular growth, as well as upstream angiogenic and mechanotransduction signaling pathways. Immediate load initiation inhibited angiogenesis and expression of early sprout tip cell selection genes, while delayed loading enhanced microvascular network formation and upstream signaling pathways. This research provides foundational understanding of how extracellular matrix mechanics regulate angiogenesis and has critical implications for clinical translation of new regenerative medicine therapies and physical rehabilitation strategies designed to enhance revascularization during tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ruehle
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - E A Eastburn
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - S A LaBelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - L Krishnan
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - J A Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - J D Boerckel
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania Center for Engineering Mechanobiology Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - L B Wood
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- George. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - R E Guldberg
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - N J Willett
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Research Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
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Ollerhead KM, Adams OA, Willett NJ, Gates MA, Bennett JC, Murimboh J, Morash AJ, Lamarre SG, MacCormack TJ. Polyvinylpyrolidone-functionalized silver nanoparticles do not affect aerobic performance or fractional rates of protein synthesis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Pollut 2020; 260:114044. [PMID: 32004967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic performance in fish is linked to individual and population fitness and can be impacted by anthropogenic contaminants. Exposure to some engineered nanomaterials, including silver nanoparticles (nAg), reduces rates of oxygen consumption in some fish species, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, their effects on swim performance have not been studied. Our aim was to quantify the impact of exposure to functionalized nAg on aerobic scope and swim performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhychus mykiss) and to characterize the contribution of changing rates of protein synthesis to these physiological endpoints. Fish were exposed for 48 h to 5 nm polyvinylpyrolidone-functionalized nAg (nAgPVP; 100 μg L-1) or 0.22 μg L-1 Ag+ (as AgNO3), which was the measured quantity of Ag released from the nAgPVP over that time period. Aerobic scope, critical swimming speed (Ucrit), and fractional rates of protein synthesis (Ks), were then assessed, along with indicators of osmoregulation and cardiotoxicity. Neither nAgPVP, nor Ag+ exposure significantly altered aerobic scope, its component parts, or swim performance. Ks was similarly unaffected in 8 tissue types, though it tended to be lower in liver of nAgPVP treated fish. The treatments tended to decrease gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity, but effects were not significant. The latter results suggest that a longer or more concentrated nAgPVP exposure may induce significant effects. Although this same formulation of nAgPVP is bioactive in other fish, it had no effects on rainbow trout under the conditions tested. Such findings on common model animals like trout may thus misrepresent the safety of nAg to more sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Ollerhead
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - O A Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - N J Willett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - M A Gates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - J C Bennett
- Department of Physics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - J Murimboh
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - A J Morash
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - S G Lamarre
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - T J MacCormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada.
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McKinney JM, Doan TN, Wang L, Deppen J, Reece DS, Pucha KA, Ginn S, Levit RD, Willett NJ. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular delivery of encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells on early stage osteoarthritis. Eur Cell Mater 2019; 37:42-59. [PMID: 30693466 PMCID: PMC7549187 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v037a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a great therapeutic promise in pre-clinical models of osteoarthritis (OA), but many questions remain as to their therapeutic mechanism of action: engraftment versus paracrine action. Encapsulation of human MSCs (hMSCs) in sodium alginate microspheres allowed for the paracrine signaling properties of these cells to be isolated and studied independently of direct cellular engraftment. The objective of the present study was to quantitatively assess the efficacy of encapsulated hMSCs as a disease-modifying therapeutic for OA, using a medial meniscal tear (MMT) rat model. It was hypothesized that encapsulated hMSCs would have a therapeutic effect, through paracrine-mediated action, on early OA development. Lewis rats underwent MMT surgery to induce OA. 1 d post-surgery, rats received intra-articular injections of encapsulated hMSCs or controls (i.e., saline, empty capsules, non-encapsulated hMSCs). Microstructural changes in the knee joint were quantified using equilibrium partitioning of a ionic contrast agent based micro-computed tomography (EPIC-μCT) at 3 weeks post-surgery, an established time point for early OA. Encapsulated hMSCs significantly attenuated MMT-induced increases in articular cartilage swelling and surface roughness and augmented cartilaginous and mineralized osteophyte volumes. Cellular encapsulation allowed to isolate the hMSC paracrine signaling effects and demonstrated that hMSCs could exert a chondroprotective therapeutic role on early stage OA through paracrine signaling alone. In addition to this chondroprotective role, encapsulated hMSCs augmented the compensatory increases in osteophyte formation. The latter should be taken into strong consideration as many clinical trials using MSCs for OA are currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N J Willett
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Room 5A-115, Decatur, GA 30033,
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Willett NJ, Thote T, Hart M, Moran S, Guldberg RE, Kamath RV. Quantitative pre-clinical screening of therapeutics for joint diseases using contrast enhanced micro-computed tomography. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1604-12. [PMID: 27155345 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of effective therapies for cartilage protection has been limited by a lack of efficient quantitative cartilage imaging modalities in pre-clinical in vivo models. Our objectives were two-fold: first, to validate a new contrast-enhanced 3D imaging analysis technique, equilibrium partitioning of an ionic contrast agent-micro computed tomography (EPIC-μCT), in a rat medial meniscal transection (MMT) osteoarthritis (OA) model; and second, to quantitatively assess the sensitivity of EPIC-μCT to detect the effects of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPi) therapy on cartilage degeneration. METHODS Rats underwent MMT surgery and tissues were harvested at 1, 2, and 3 weeks post-surgery or rats received an MMPi or vehicle treatment and tissues harvested 3 weeks post-surgery. Parameters of disease progression were evaluated using histopathology and EPIC-μCT. Correlations and power analyses were performed to compare the techniques. RESULTS EPIC-μCT was shown to provide simultaneous 3D quantification of multiple parameters, including cartilage degeneration and osteophyte formation. In MMT animals treated with MMPi, OA progression was attenuated, as measured by 3D parameters such as lesion volume and osteophyte size. A post-hoc power analysis showed that 3D parameters for EPIC-μCT were more sensitive than 2D parameters requiring fewer animals to detect a therapeutic effect of MMPi. 2D parameters were comparable between EPIC-μCT and histopathology. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EPIC-μCT has high sensitivity to provide 3D structural and compositional measurements of cartilage and bone in the joint. EPIC-μCT can be used in combination with histology to provide a comprehensive analysis to screen new potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Willett
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
| | - T Thote
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
| | - M Hart
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - S Moran
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
| | - R E Guldberg
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
| | - R V Kamath
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Thote T, Lin ASP, Raji Y, Moran S, Stevens HY, Hart M, Kamath RV, Guldberg RE, Willett NJ. Localized 3D analysis of cartilage composition and morphology in small animal models of joint degeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1132-41. [PMID: 23747340 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current histological scoring methods to evaluate efficacy of potential therapeutics for slowing or preventing joint degeneration are time-consuming and semi-quantitative in nature. Hence, there is a need to develop and standardize quantitative outcome measures to define sensitive metrics for studying potential therapeutics. The objectives of this study were to use equilibrium partitioning of an ionic contrast agent via Equilibrium Partitioning of an Ionic Contrast-Microcomputed tomography (EPIC-μCT) to quantitatively characterize morphological and compositional changes in the tibial articular cartilage in two distinct models of joint degeneration and define localized regions of interest to detect degenerative cartilage changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) and medial meniscal transection (MMT) rat models were used in this study. Three weeks post-surgery, tibiae were analyzed using EPIC-μCT and histology. EPIC-μCT allowed measurement of 3D morphological changes in cartilage thickness, volume and composition. RESULTS Extensive cartilage degeneration was observed throughout the joint in the MIA model after 3 weeks. In contrast, the MMT model showed more localized degeneration with regional thickening of the medial tibial plateau and a decrease in attenuation consistent with proteoglycan (PG) depletion. Focal lesions were also observed and 3D volume calculated as an additional outcome metric. CONCLUSIONS EPIC-μCT was used to quantitatively assess joint degeneration in two distinct preclinical models. The MMT model showed similar features to human Osteoarthritis (OA), including localized lesion formation and PG loss, while the MIA model displayed extensive cartilage degeneration throughout the joint. EPIC-μCT imaging provides a rapid and quantitative screening tool for preclinical evaluation of OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thote
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
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