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Chen YT, Yang CC, Chiang JY, Sung PH, Shao PL, Huang CR, Lee MS, Yip HK. Prion Protein Overexpression in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) Effectively Protected Rodent Kidney Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Enhancing ATP/Mitochondrial Biogenesis-Role of ADMSC Rejuvenation and Proliferation. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231211067. [PMID: 38078417 PMCID: PMC10714882 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231211067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We tested the hypothesis that overexpression of cellular-prion-protein in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PrPCOE-ADMSCs) effectively protected the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat. METHODS Part I of cell culture was categorized into A1(ADMSCs)/A2(ADMSCs+p-Cresol)/A3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/A4 (PrPCOE in ADMSCs+p-Cresol). Part II of cell culture was divided into B1(ADMSCs)/B2[ADMSCs+lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]/B3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/B4(PrPCOE in ADMSCs+LPS). Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 50) were equally categorized into groups 1 (sham-operated-control)/2 (IR)/3 (IR+ADMSCs/6.0 × 105 equally divided into bilateral-renal arteries and 6.0 × 105 intravenous administration by 1 h after IR)/4 [IR+PrPCOE-ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)]/5 [IR+silencing PRNP -ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)], and kidneys were harvested post-day 3 IR injury. RESULTS Part I results demonstrated that the cell viability at 24/48/72 h, BrdU uptake/number of mitDNA/APT concentration/mitochondrial-cytochrome-C+ cells and the protein expressions of ki67/PrPC at 72 h-cell culturing were significantly higher in PrPCOE-ADMSCs than in ADMSCs (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX2/NOX4/oxidized protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (p22-phox/cytosolic-cytochrome-C)/inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers were lowest in A1/A3 and significantly higher in A2 than in A4 (all P < 0.001). Part II result showed that the protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern of part I among the groups (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/MMP-9)/oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized-protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/p22-phox)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bx)/autophagic (beclin-1/ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I)/fibrotic (Smad3/TGF-ß) biomarkers and kidney-injury-score/creatinine level were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2, significantly higher in group 5 than in groups 3/4 (all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION PrPCOE in ADMSCs rejuvenated these cells and played a cardinal role on protecting the kidney against IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ta Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chih-Chao Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - John Y. Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Pei-Lin Shao
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung
| | - Chi-Ruei Huang
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | | | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
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Matsumoto KI, Nakanishi I, Zhelev Z, Bakalova R, Aoki I. Nitroxyl Radical as a Theranostic Contrast Agent in Magnetic Resonance Redox Imaging. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:95-121. [PMID: 34148403 PMCID: PMC8792502 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance:In vivo assessment of paramagnetic and diamagnetic conversions of nitroxyl radicals based on cyclic redox mechanism can be an index of tissue redox status. The redox mechanism of nitroxyl radicals, which enables their use as a normal tissue-selective radioprotector, is seen as being attractive on planning radiation therapy. Recent Advances:In vivo redox imaging using nitroxyl radicals as redox-sensitive contrast agents has been developed to assess tissue redox status. Chemical and biological behaviors depending on chemical structures of nitroxyl radical compounds have been understood in detail. Polymer types of nitroxyl radical contrast agents and/or nitroxyl radical-labeled drugs were designed for approaching theranostics. Critical Issues: Nitroxyl radicals as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents have several advantages compared with those used in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging, while support by EPR spectroscopy is important to understand information from MRI. Redox-sensitive paramagnetic contrast agents having a medicinal benefit, that is, nitroxyl-labeled drug, have been developed and proposed. Future Directions: A development of suitable nitroxyl contrast agent for translational theranostic applications with high reaction specificity and low normal tissue toxicity is under progress. Nitroxyl radicals as redox-sensitive magnetic resonance contrast agents can be a useful tool to detect an abnormal tissue redox status such as disordered oxidative stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 95-121.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Matsumoto
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Group, Department of Radiation Regulatory Science Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Ikuo Nakanishi
- Quantum RedOx Chemistry Group, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Goup, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Goup, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba-shi, Japan
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Synergic effect of combined cyclosporin and melatonin protects the brain against acute ischemic reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111266. [PMID: 33465677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tested whether combined cyclosporin-A (CsA) and melatonin (Mel) was superior to either one on protecting the brain against ischemia (occluded left-middle-cerebral-artery for 90-min)-reperfusion (for 14 days) injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Neuro-2a cells (N2a) were categorized into groups 1 (N2a), 2 (N2a-IR), 3 (N2a-IR-Mel), 4 (N2a-IR-CsA) and 5 (N2a-IR-CsA-Mel). in vitro results showed the protein expressions of cytosolic-cytochrome-C/mitochondrial-Bax/cleaved-capase-3/NOX-1/NOX-2 and flow-cytometric results of ROS (DCFDA/Mito-SOX) were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1, significantly lower in group 5 than in groups 3/4, but they showed no difference in groups 3/4 (all p < 0.001). Male-adult-SD rats (50) were equally categorized into groups 1 (sham-operated-control), 2 (IR), 3 (IR-CsA/20.0 mg/kg at 0.5/24/48 h intraperitoneally after IR), 4 (IR-Mel/50.0 mg/kg intraperitoneally at 30 min and 30 mg/kg at 6/24/48 h after IR) and 5 (IR-CsA-Mel). The brain-infarct-area (BIA) (at day-3 by TTC-stain) was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2, significantly lower in group 5 than groups 3/4, but it showed no difference between groups 3/4 whereas the brain-infarct-volume (at day 14 by MRI) was similar as BIA except for significantly lower in group 4 than in group 3 (all p < 0.0001). By day 14, microscopic finding showed the numbers of glial+/GFAP+/AQP + cells expressed an identical trend whereas the number of NeuN + cells exhibited an opposite pattern of BIA among the groups (all p < 0.0001). The protein expressions of oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/p22phox/oxidized-protein), inflammatory (TNF-α/p-NF-κB/MMP-9), apoptotic (mitochondrial-Bax/caspase-3/PARP) and mitochondrial-damaged (Cyclophilin-D/DRP1/cytosolic-cytochrome-C) biomarkers displayed an identical pattern of BIA among the five groups (all p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Combined CsA-Mel was superior to either CsA or Mel on protecting the brain against IR injury.
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Effect of Seed of Cassia tora Extract in the Prevention of Remote Renal Reperfusion Injury. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:2833-2837. [PMID: 31439329 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is characterized by the acute deterioration of renal function during ischemia and renal inflammation. Cassia tora has various effects, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic properties. In the present study, we investigated whether C tora has a renoprotective effect on I/R-induced acute kidney injury in rats. METHODS We fed Sprague-Dawley rats either C tora (100 mg/kg/d) or saline. One week later, ischemia was induced by bilateral renal pedicle occlusion for 30 minutes, followed by reperfusion. Rats were randomized into 3 major groups, which were treated as follows: 1. the sham operation group; 2. the I/R group; and 3. the I/R-C tora group. RESULTS Compared to the sham group, the I/R group had higher levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in serum and lower expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, antioxidant, and nitric oxide. Compared to the I/R group, the I/R-C tora group had higher expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, antioxidant, and nitric oxide, as well as lower levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that C tora has significant therapeutic effects in ischemic renal injury.
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Antioxidants as Renoprotective Agents for Ischemia during Partial Nephrectomy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8575398. [PMID: 30882000 PMCID: PMC6383545 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8575398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Small renal masses have been diagnosed increasingly in recent decades, allowing surgical treatment by partial nephrectomy. This treatment option is associated with better renal function preservation, in comparison with radical nephrectomy. However, for obtaining a bloodless field during surgery, occlusion of renal artery and veins is often required, which results in transitory ischemia. The renal ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with increased reactive oxygen species production leading to renal tissue damage. Thus, the use of antioxidants has been advocated in the partial nephrectomy perioperative period. Several antioxidants were investigated in regard to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present manuscript aims to present the literature on the most commonly studied antioxidants used during partial nephrectomy. The results of experimental and clinical studies using antioxidants during partial nephrectomy are reported. Further, alimentary sources of some antioxidants are presented, stimulating future studies focusing on perioperative antioxidant-rich diets.
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Protective Role for Antioxidants in Acute Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070718. [PMID: 28686196 PMCID: PMC5537833 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury causes significant morbidity and mortality in the community and clinic. Various pathologies, including renal and cardiovascular disease, traumatic injury/rhabdomyolysis, sepsis, and nephrotoxicity, that cause acute kidney injury (AKI), induce general or regional decreases in renal blood flow. The ensuing renal hypoxia and ischemia promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radical anions, peroxides, and hydroxyl radicals, that can oxidatively damage biomolecules and membranes, and affect organelle function and induce renal tubule cell injury, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction. Acute kidney injury is associated with increased oxidative damage, and various endogenous and synthetic antioxidants that mitigate source and derived oxidants are beneficial in cell-based and animal studies. However, the benefit of synthetic antioxidant supplementation in human acute kidney injury and renal disease remains to be realized. The endogenous low-molecular weight, non-proteinaceous antioxidant, ascorbate (vitamin C), is a promising therapeutic in human renal injury in critical illness and nephrotoxicity. Ascorbate may exert significant protection by reducing reactive oxygen species and renal oxidative damage via its antioxidant activity, and/or by its non-antioxidant functions in maintaining hydroxylase and monooxygenase enzymes, and endothelium and vascular function. Ascorbate supplementation may be particularly important in renal injury patients with low vitamin C status.
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Tubular Peroxiredoxin 3 as a Predictor of Renal Recovery from Acute Tubular Necrosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43589. [PMID: 28240739 PMCID: PMC5378910 DOI: 10.1038/srep43589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) is a mitochondrial antioxidant that regulates apoptosis in various cancers. However, whether tubular PRX3 predicts recovery of renal function following acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unknown. This retrospective cohort study included 54 hospitalized patients who had AKI with biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis (ATN). The study endpoint was renal function recovery within 6 months. Of the 54 enrolled patients, 25 (46.3%) had pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 33 (61%) recovered renal function. Tubular PRX3 expression was higher in patients with ATN than in those without renal function recovery. The level of tubular but not glomerular PRX3 expression predicted renal function recovery from AKI (AUROC = 0.76). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, high PRX3 expression was independently associated with a higher probability of renal function recovery (adjusted hazard ratio = 8.99; 95% CI 1.13-71.52, P = 0.04). Furthermore, the discriminative ability of the clinical model for AKI recovery was improved by adding tubular PRX3. High tubular PRX3 expression was associated with a higher probability of renal function recovery from ATN. Therefore, tubular PRX3 in combination with conventional predictors can further improve recovery prediction and may help with risk stratification in AKI patients with pre-existing CKD.
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Optimising renal cancer patients for nephron-sparing surgery: a review of pre-operative considerations and peri-operative techniques for partial nephrectomy. Urologia 2017; 84:20-27. [PMID: 28106241 DOI: 10.5301/uro.5000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonmodifiable factors including pre-operative renal function and amount of healthy renal tissue preserved are the most important predictive factors that determine renal function after partial nephrectomy. Ischaemia time is an important modifiable risk factor and cold ischaemia time should be used if longer ischaemia time is anticipated. New techniques may have a role in maximising postoperative kidney function, but more robust studies are required to understand their potential benefits and risks.
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Maulucci G, Bačić G, Bridal L, Schmidt HH, Tavitian B, Viel T, Utsumi H, Yalçın AS, De Spirito M. Imaging Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Modifications in Living Systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:939-58. [PMID: 27139586 PMCID: PMC4900226 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) may regulate signaling, ion channels, transcription factors, and biosynthetic processes. ROS-related diseases can be due to either a shortage or an excess of ROS. RECENT ADVANCES Since the biological activity of ROS depends on not only concentration but also spatiotemporal distribution, real-time imaging of ROS, possibly in vivo, has become a need for scientists, with potential for clinical translation. New imaging techniques as well as new contrast agents in clinically established modalities were developed in the previous decade. CRITICAL ISSUES An ideal imaging technique should determine ROS changes with high spatio-temporal resolution, detect physiologically relevant variations in ROS concentration, and provide specificity toward different redox couples. Furthermore, for in vivo applications, bioavailability of sensors, tissue penetration, and a high signal-to-noise ratio are additional requirements to be satisfied. FUTURE DIRECTIONS None of the presented techniques fulfill all requirements for clinical translation. The obvious way forward is to incorporate anatomical and functional imaging into a common hybrid-imaging platform. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 939-958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maulucci
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
| | - Goran Bačić
- 2 Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lori Bridal
- 3 Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Sorbonne Universités and UPMC Univ Paris 06 and CNRS and INSERM , Paris, France
| | - Harald Hhw Schmidt
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Science, Maastricht University , Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bertrand Tavitian
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Viel
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- 6 Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Süha Yalçın
- 7 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University , İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Marco De Spirito
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
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Chang YC, Hsu SY, Yang CC, Sung PH, Chen YL, Huang TH, Kao GS, Chen SY, Chen KH, Chiang HJ, Yip HK, Lee FY. Enhanced protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury with combined melatonin and exendin-4 in a rodent model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1588-602. [PMID: 27037275 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216642528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that combined treatment with melatonin, an anti-oxidant, and exendin-4, an anti-inflammatory agent, was superior to either alone for protecting the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) were equally divided into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IR only, IR=1h/72h), group 3 (IR-exendin-4, 10 µg/kg at 30 min, 24 h, 48 h after IR procedure), group 4 (IR-melatonin, i.p. 50 mg at 30 min, then 20 mg at 6 and 18 h after IR procedure), and group 5 (combined IR-exendin-4-melatonin). All animals were sacrificed by 72 h after IR/sham procedure. The results showed that the kidney injury score, plasma creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were highest in group 2 and lowest in group 1, significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 than those in group 5 and significantly higher in group 3 than those in group 4 (all p < 0.001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (toll-like receptor 4, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β), apoptotic (mitochondrial Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, p53), podocyte integrity (E-cadherin, P-cadherin), and cell survival (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin) biomarkers, as well the podocyte dysfunction biomarkers (Wnt1/Wnt4/β-catenin) displayed a pattern identical to that of creatinine level among the five groups (all p < 0.001). Microscopic findings demonstrated that podocyte dysfunction (Wnt1/Wnt4/β-catenin expression) and inflammatory (CD14 and F4/80-positively stained cells) biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern, whereas that of antioxidant (HO-1(+), NQO-1(+) cells) biomarkers showed an opposite pattern compared to that of creatinine level among the five groups (all p < 0.001). Combined melatonin-exendin-4 therapy offered an additional benefit in protecting the kidney from acute IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chih Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Fujian 361028, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Yang
- Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hung Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Gour-Shenq Kao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Yen Lee
- Division of thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
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Liu Z, Zhou Y, Yuan Y, Nie F, Peng R, Li Q, Lyu Z, Mao Z, Huang L, Zhou L, Li Y, Hao J, Ni D, Jin Q, Long Y, Ju P, Yu W, Liu J, Hu Y, Zhou Q. MiR542-3p Regulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Directly Targeting BMP7 in NRK52e. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27945-55. [PMID: 26610487 PMCID: PMC4661932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrated that miRNAs are highly involved in kidney fibrosis and Epithelial-Eesenchymal Transition (EMT), however, the mechanisms of miRNAs in kidney fibrosis are poorly understood. In this work, we identified that miR542-3p could promote EMT through down-regulating bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) expression by targeting BMP7 3′UTR. Firstly, real-time PCR results showed that miR542-3p was significantly up-regulated in kidney fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Western blot results demonstrated that miR542-3p may promote EMT in the NRK52e cell line. In addition, we confirmed that BMP7, which played a crucial role in anti-kidney fibrosis and suppressed the progression of EMT, was a target of miR542-3p through Dual-Luciferase reporter assay, as did Western blot analysis. The effects of miR542-3p on regulating EMT could also be suppressed by transiently overexpressing BMP7 in NRK52e cells. Taken together, miR542-3p may be a critical mediator of the induction of EMT via directly targeting BMP7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yuru Zhou
- The Seventh Class of 2012 year entry, the Third Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yue Yuan
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Fang Nie
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Rui Peng
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qianyin Li
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhongshi Lyu
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhaomin Mao
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Liyuan Huang
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yiman Li
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jing Hao
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Dongsheng Ni
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qianni Jin
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yaoshui Long
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Pan Ju
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Wen Yu
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jianing Liu
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yanxia Hu
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qin Zhou
- The Division of Molecular Nephrology and the Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Bačić G, Pavićević A, Peyrot F. In vivo evaluation of different alterations of redox status by studying pharmacokinetics of nitroxides using magnetic resonance techniques. Redox Biol 2015; 8:226-42. [PMID: 26827126 PMCID: PMC4753396 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS), are involved in various pathologies, injuries related to radiation, ischemia-reperfusion or ageing. Unfortunately, it is virtually impossible to directly detect free radicals in vivo, but the redox status of the whole organism or particular organ can be studied in vivo by using magnetic resonance techniques (EPR and MRI) and paramagnetic stable free radicals - nitroxides. Here we review results obtained in vivo following the pharmacokinetics of nitroxides on experimental animals (and a few in humans) under various conditions. The focus was on conditions where the redox status has been altered by induced diseases or harmful agents, clearly demonstrating that various EPR/MRI/nitroxide combinations can reliably detect metabolically induced changes in the redox status of organs. These findings can improve our understanding of oxidative stress and provide a basis for studying the effectiveness of interventions aimed to modulate oxidative stress. Also, we anticipate that the in vivo EPR/MRI approach in studying the redox status can play a vital role in the clinical management of various pathologies in the years to come providing the development of adequate equipment and probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Bačić
- EPR Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Pavićević
- EPR Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fabienne Peyrot
- LCBPT, UMR 8601 CNRS - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; ESPE of Paris, Paris Sorbonne Université, 75016 Paris, France
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13
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Chen YT, Yang CC, Zhen YY, Wallace CG, Yang JL, Sun CK, Tsai TH, Sheu JJ, Chua S, Chang CL, Cho CL, Leu S, Yip HK. Cyclosporine-assisted adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy to mitigate acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:62. [PMID: 23726287 PMCID: PMC3706768 DOI: 10.1186/scrt212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study tested the hypothesis that cyclosporine (CsA)-supported syngeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) therapy offered superior attenuation of acute ischemia–reperfusion (IR) kidney injury to either therapy alone. Methods Adult Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 40) were equally divided into group 1 (sham controls), group 2 (IR injury), group 3 (IR + CsA (20 mg/kg at 1 and 24 hours after procedure)), group 4 (syngeneic ADMSC (1.2×106) at 1, 6 and 24 hours after procedure), and group 5 (IR + CsA-ADMSC). Results By 72 hours after the IR procedure, the creatinine level and the ratio of urine protein to creatinine were highest in group 2 and lowest in group 1, and significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 than in group 5 (all P <0.05 for inter-group comparisons), but showed no differences between groups 3 and 4 (P >0.05). The inflammatory biomarkers at mRNA (matrix metalloproteinase-9, RANTES, TNF-α), protein (TNF-α, NF-κB, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, platelet-derived growth factor), and cellular (CD68+) levels of IR kidney showed a similar pattern compared with that of creatinine in all groups (all P <0.05 for inter-group comparisons). The protein expressions of oxidative stress (oxidized protein), reactive oxygen species (NADPH oxidases NOX-1, NOX-2), apoptosis (Bcl-2–associated X protein, caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase) and DNA damage (phosphorylated H2A histone family member X-positive, proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells) markers exhibited a pattern similar to that of inflammatory mediators amongst all groups (all P <0.05 for inter-group comparisons). Expressions of antioxidant biomarkers at cellular (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)) and protein (NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone)-1, HO-1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase) levels, and endothelial progenitor cell markers (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4-positive, stromal cell-derived factor-1α-positive) were lowest in groups 1 and 2, higher in groups 3 and 4, and highest in group 5 (all P <0.05 for inter-group comparisons). Conclusion Combination therapy using CsA plus ADMSCs offers improved protection against acute IR kidney injury.
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Rognant N, Lemoine S, Laville M, Juillard L. Évaluation du contenu tissulaire rénal en oxygène par la technique IRM BOLD. Nephrol Ther 2012; 8:212-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Zhou J, Tsai YT, Weng H, Tang L. Noninvasive assessment of localized inflammatory responses. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:218-26. [PMID: 22080048 PMCID: PMC3249500 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are associated with the accumulation of activated inflammatory cells, particularly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), which release reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eradicate foreign bodies and microorganisms. To assess the location and extent of localized inflammatory responses, L-012, a highly sensitive chemiluminescent probe, was employed to noninvasively monitor the production of ROS. We found that L-012-associated chemiluminescence imaging can be used to identify and to quantify the extent of inflammatory responses. Furthermore, regardless of differences among animal models, there is a good linear relationship between chemiluminescence intensity and PMN numbers surrounding inflamed tissue. Depletion of PMNs substantially diminished L-012-associated chemiluminescence in vivo. Finally, L-012-associated chemiluminescence imaging was found to be a powerful tool for assessing implant-mediated inflammatory responses by measuring chemiluminescence intensity at the implantation sites. These results support the use of L-012 for monitoring the kinetics of inflammatory responses in vivo via the detection and quantification of ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Weng
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Liping Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019
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Yoshitomi T, Hirayama A, Nagasaki Y. The ROS scavenging and renal protective effects of pH-responsive nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2011; 32:8021-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Xu D, Murakoshi N, Igarashi M, Hirayama A, Ito Y, Seo Y, Tada H, Aonuma K. PPAR-γ activator pioglitazone prevents age-related atrial fibrillation susceptibility by improving antioxidant capacity and reducing apoptosis in a rat model. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2011; 23:209-17. [PMID: 21954843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The in vivo role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, an essential transcriptional mediator of lipid and glucose metabolism, in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains to be fully elucidated. We investigated the effects of pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ activator, in an in vivo AF rat model. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 3 groups of Wistar rats: young group, 3-month-old rats treated with vehicle; aged group, 9-month-old rats treated with vehicle; and aged+Pio group, 9-month-old rats treated with pioglitazone. After 4-week treatment, AF duration induced by 30-second burst pacing, gene and protein expressions, and atrial structural changes were compared between the 3 groups. Atrial oxidant reducing activity was measured by electron spin resonance method. AF duration was markedly prolonged in the aged group but significantly shortened in the aged+Pio group. Age-induced decrease in free radical reducing activity was reversed by pioglitazone. Gene and protein expression levels of antioxidant molecules Sod2 (MnSOD) and Hspa1a (heat shock 70 protein) were significantly enhanced, and p22(phox) and gp91(phox), two NADPH oxidase subunits, were significantly decreased in aged+Pio rats. Pioglitazone treatment significantly increased phosphorylated (p-) Akt but significantly reduced p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK. Pioglitazone significantly restored p-Bad and reduced cleaved caspase-3 and -9, indicating that pioglitazone prevented age-related enhancement of apoptotic signaling. Microscopic analysis revealed suppression of age-related histological changes (interstitial fibrosis and apoptosis) by pioglitazone. CONCLUSIONS Pioglitazone inhibited age-related arrhythmogenic atrial remodeling and AF perpetuation by improving antioxidant capacity and inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. PPAR-γ activators could become a novel upstream therapy for age-related AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhu Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Ito S, Mori T, Kanazawa H, Sawaguchi T. Estimation of the postmortem duration of mouse tissue by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. J Toxicol 2011; 2011:973172. [PMID: 21776268 PMCID: PMC3135332 DOI: 10.1155/2011/973172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron spin resonance (ESR) method is a simple method for detecting various free radicals simultaneously and directly. However, ESR spin trap method is unsuited to analyze weak ESR signals in organs because of water-induced dielectric loss (WIDL). To minimize WIDL occurring in biotissues and to improve detection sensitivity to free radicals in tissues, ESR cuvette was modified and used with 5,5-dimethtyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO). The tissue samples were mouse brain, hart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, muscle, skin, and whole blood, where various ESR spin adduct signals including DMPO-ascorbyl radical (AsA(∗)), DMPO-superoxide anion radical (OOH), and DMPO-hydrogen radical (H) signal were detected. Postmortem changes in DMPO-AsA(∗) and DMPO-OOH were observed in various tissues of mouse. The signal peak of spin adduct was monitored until the 205th day postmortem. DMPO-AsA(∗) in liver (y = 113.8-40.7 log (day), R1 = -0.779, R2 = 0.6, P < .001) was found to linearly decrease with the logarithm of postmortem duration days. Therefore, DMPO-AsA(∗) signal may be suitable for detecting an oxidation stress tracer from tissue in comparison with other spin adduct signal on ESR spin trap method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Ito
- I.T.O. Provitamin Research Center, 1-6-7-3F Nakamachi, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Mori
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Hideko Kanazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Toshiko Sawaguchi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Regional Health Therapy, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-1 Uruido-minami, Ichihara, Chiba, Japan
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Costantini D, Rowe M, Butler MW, McGraw KJ. From molecules to living systems: historical and contemporary issues in oxidative stress and antioxidant ecology. Funct Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Ueda A, Hirayama A, Nagase S, Inoue M, Oteki T, Aoyama M, Yokoyama H. In vivodetection of intrinsic reactive oxygen species using acyl-protected hydroxylamine in puromycin nephrosis. Free Radic Res 2009; 41:823-8. [PMID: 17577743 DOI: 10.1080/10715760701411161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a rat model of human minimal change nephropathy were detected directly using an in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method with 1-acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (ACP) in real time. The nephrosis was induced by the intravenous administration of 75 mg/kg of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). It was found that ROS in the kidney were increased 1 h after the administration of PAN. This increased oxidative stress declined at 24 h and returned to a normal level 3 days after PAN administration. This is the first non-invasive in vivo detection and quantification of specific ROS in an experimental nephrosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Namegata District General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
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Liu M, Grigoryev DN, Crow MT, Haas M, Yamamoto M, Reddy SP, Rabb H. Transcription factor Nrf2 is protective during ischemic and nephrotoxic acute kidney injury in mice. Kidney Int 2009; 76:277-85. [PMID: 19436334 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2009.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in acute kidney injury due to ischemia-reperfusion and chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity. To investigate their basic mechanisms we studied the role of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a redox-sensitive transcription factor that regulates expression of several antioxidant and cytoprotective genes. We compared the responses of Nrf2-knockout mice and their wild-type littermates in established mouse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Several Nrf2-regulated genes encoding antioxidant enzymes/proteins were significantly upregulated in the kidneys of wild type but not Nrf2-knockout mice following renal ischemia. Renal function, histology, vascular permeability, and survival were each significantly worse in the Nrf2 knockout mice. Further, proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression tended to increase after ischemia in the knockout compared to the wild-type mice. Treatment of the knockout mice with the antioxidants N-acetyl-cysteine or glutathione improved renal function. The knockout mice were more susceptible to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, and this was blunted by N-acetyl-cysteine pretreatment. Our study demonstrates that Nrf2-deficiency enhances susceptibility to both ischemic and nephrotoxic acute kidney injury, and identifies this transcription factor as a potential therapeutic target in these injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manchang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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Yoh K, Hirayama A, Ishizaki K, Yamada A, Takeuchi M, Yamagishi SI, Morito N, Nakano T, Ojima M, Shimohata H, Itoh K, Takahashi S, Yamamoto M. Hyperglycemia induces oxidative and nitrosative stress and increases renal functional impairment in Nrf2-deficient mice. Genes Cells 2009; 13:1159-70. [PMID: 19090810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2008.01234.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 regulates the expression of antioxidant genes. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. However, little is known about the protective role of Nrf2 in diabetes. To gain insight into the protective role of Nrf2 in diabetes we treated Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2 KO) mice with streptozotocin (STZ). The STZ Nrf2 KO mice did not develop renal hyperfiltration, which was observed in the STZ-treated wild-type (STZ WT) mice, but renal function gradually deteriorated over the 10-week observation period. Urinary excretion of nitric oxide metabolites and the occurrence of 8-nitroguanosine, which was detected in glomerular lesions, were increased in STZ Nrf2 KO mice during the early stages after treatment. In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed an accelerated rate of decay of the 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl spin probe signal in STZ Nrf2 KO mice. The addition of superoxide dismutase prolonged the half-life of the signal, which suggested that increased oxygen radical formation occurred in the STZ Nrf2 KO mice. These results suggested that hyperglycemia increased oxidative and nitrosative stress and accelerated renal injury in the Nrf2 KO mice and that Nrf2 serves as a defense factor against some diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigyou Yoh
- Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases, Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
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Hirayama A, Ueda A, Oteki T, Nagase S, Aoyagi K, Koyama A. In vivo imaging of renal redox status during azelnidipine treatment. Hypertens Res 2008; 31:1643-50. [PMID: 18971540 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.31.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the calcium channel blocker azelnidipine on the redox status of a murine hypertension model was analyzed and imaged using in vivo low frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). A murine two kidney-one clip (2K1C) hypertension model was produced by a clipping of the right renal artery. The resulting hypertensive mice were treated with low-dose azelnidipine (1 mg/kg/d), with high-dose azelnidipine (3 mg/kg/d) or without azelnidipine (HT group). An EPR system equipped with a loop-gap resonator and an imaging system was employed. Redox status was evaluated as organ reducing activity measured by means of the decay rate (half-lives) of the spin probe 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl (Carbamoyl-PROXYL). Four weeks after clipping the mice demonstrated hypertension as expected. After the additional 2 weeks of azelnidipine treatments, the Carbamoyl-PROXYL half-lives of the Low and High azelnidipine groups measured in the upper abdominal area were significantly shorter than those of the HT group, suggesting improvements in the reducing activity. The blood pressures of the three groups showed no significant differences at this time, and there was no correlation between the renal reducing activity and either blood pressure or serum creatinine values. EPR imaging studies revealed that the improvement in abdominal reducing activity was mainly recognized in the kidney but not in the liver. These results indicate that azelnidipine ameliorates renal redox status through an improvement in reducing activity independent of blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Hirayama
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Tsukuba, Japan.
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Tseitlin M, Czechowski T, Eaton SS, Eaton GR. Regularized optimization (RO) reconstruction for oximetric EPR imaging. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2008; 194:212-21. [PMID: 18667346 PMCID: PMC3419263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A new algorithm for EPR imaging oximetry is described and tested with experimental data for the case of one spatial and one spectral dimension. A single species with variable linewidth is assumed. Instead of creating a 2D image, two one-dimensional profiles are reconstructed: the concentration of the radical and the corresponding oxygen concentration, which reduces the dimensionality of the problem. The algorithm (i) seeks to minimize the discrepancy between experimental data and projections calculated from the profiles and (ii) uses Tikhonov regularization to constrain the smoothness of the results. This approach controllably smoothes profiles rather than the data, while preserving sharp features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tseitlin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
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Kulkarni AC, Bratasz A, Rivera B, Krishna MC, Kuppusamy P. Redox Mapping of Biological Samples Using EPR Imaging. Isr J Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1560/ijc.48.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Importance and limits of ischemia in renal partial surgery: experimental and clinical research. Adv Urol 2008:102461. [PMID: 18645616 PMCID: PMC2467455 DOI: 10.1155/2008/102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The objective is to determine the clinical and experimental evidences of the renal responses to warm and cold ischemia, kidney tolerability, and available practical techniques of protecting the kidney during nephron-sparing surgery. Materials and methods. Review of the English and non-English literature using MEDLINE, MD Consult, and urology textbooks. Results and discussion. There are three main mechanisms of ischemic renal injury, including persistent vasoconstriction with an abnormal endothelial cell compensatory response, tubular obstruction with backflow of urine, and reperfusion injury. Controversy persists on the maximal kidney tolerability to warm ischemia (WI), which can be influenced by surgical technique, patient age, presence of collateral vascularization, indemnity of the arterial bed, and so forth. Conclusions. When WI time is expected to exceed from 20 to 30 minutes, especially in patients whose baseline medical characteristics put them at potentially higher, though unproven, risks of ischemic damage, local renal hypothermia should be used.
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Jüttner B, Gehrmann A, Breitmeier D, Jaeger K, Weissig A, Bornscheuer A, Piepenbrock S, Scheinichen D. Renal transplantation normalized hydrogen peroxide production of neutrophils within the first day. Am J Nephrol 2008; 28:531-8. [PMID: 18219196 DOI: 10.1159/000114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemodialysis patients are in a state of oxidant stress. In renal transplantation reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be important factors of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neutrophils produce ROS as part of the host defense against invading bacteria. This study was designed to investigate whether neutrophil function in hemodialysis patients is immediately affected by renal transplantation. METHODS We evaluated the neutrophil respiratory burst and phagocytic activity in renal transplant patients with living-related donor (LRD) and cadaveric donor (CAD) grafts using flow cytometry techniques. Twenty patients (LRD = 6, CAD = 14) and 20 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Venous blood samples were drawn before anesthesia, 5 min before reperfusion, 1 h and 1, 3 and 7 days after reperfusion. RESULTS Before surgery, a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide production in neutrophils was seen for both renal transplantation groups compared to healthy subjects. Within 24 h after reperfusion hydrogen peroxide production almost decreased to normal values. The phagocytic capacity of neutrophils was continuously depressed. There were no differences between the CAD and LRD groups. CONCLUSIONS We found that the enhanced respiratory burst activity of patients with chronic renal failure decreased to normal values within 1 day following renal transplantation. Our results suggest that reduced respiratory burst activity resulting in a diminished risk of tissue damage by the uncontrolled production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Jüttner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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Domański L, Dołgowska B, Safranow K, Myślak M, Rózański J, Romanowski M, Ostrowski M, Domański M, Pawlik A, Ciechanowski K. Early phase of reperfusion of human kidney allograft does not affect an erythrocyte anti-oxidative system. Nephrology (Carlton) 2006; 11:467-70. [PMID: 17014563 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2006.00672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generation of reactive oxygen specimens is the basic mechanism leading to ischaemia/reperfusion injury of the kidney graft. Oxygen burst is a trigger for sophisticated biochemical changes leading to generation of oxygenated lipids and changes in microcirculation, which recruit recipient's neutrophils and contribute to delayed graft function. It has been shown that the free radicals generation correlates with the activity of anti-oxidative system. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) are involved in protection against free radicals. AIM To examine the activity of erythrocyte anti-oxidative system during reperfusion of the transplanted kidney allograft. METHODS The study included 40 renal transplant recipients. Blood was taken from the iliac vein before transplantation and from the graft's renal vein immediately, as well as 2 and 4 min after total reperfusion. The authors assessed the process of reperfusion using ThermaCAM SC500 termovision camera. Spectrophotometric methods were used to measure superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity as well as glutathione concentrations in erythrocytes. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase as well as glutathione concentrations during the first 4 min after total graft reperfusion. Nevertheless, there was a positive correlation between the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the erythrocyte anti-oxidative system is stable during the early phase after reperfusion. An association between some anti-oxidative enzymes was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Domański
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczeci, Poland.
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Benial AMF, Ichikawa K, Murugesan R, Yamada KI, Utsumi H. Dynamic nuclear polarization properties of nitroxyl radicals used in Overhauser-enhanced MRI for simultaneous molecular imaging. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 182:273-82. [PMID: 16875854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
DNP parameters relevant to Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OMRI) are reported for a few nitroxyl radicals and their corresponding (15)N and (2)H enriched analogues, used in simultaneous imaging by OMRI. DNP enhancement was measured at 14.529 mT, using a custom-built scanner operating in a field-cycled mode, for different concentrations, ESR irradiation times and RF power levels. DNP enhancements increased with agent concentration up to 2.5 mM and decreased above 3 mM, in tune with ESR line broadening measured at X-band as a function of the agent concentration. The proton spin-lattice relaxation times (T(1)) measured at very low Zeeman field (14.529 mT) and the longitudinal relaxivity parameters were estimated. The relaxivity parameters were in good agreement with those independently computed from the linear region of the concentration dependent enhancement. The leakage factor showed an asymptotic increase with increasing agent concentration. The coupling parameters of (14)N- and (15)N-labeled carbamoyl-PROXYL showed the interaction between the electron and nuclear spins to be mainly dipolar in origin. Upon (2)H labeling, about 70% and 40% increases in enhancement for (15)N- and (14)N-labeled nitroxyl agents were observed, respectively. It is envisaged that the results reported here may enable better understanding of the factors determining DNP enhancement to design suitable 'beacons' for simultaneous molecular imaging by OMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Milton Franklin Benial
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nitric oxide is a potent, endogenous vasodilator that regulates systemic blood pressure and renal function, among other functions. The bioactivity of nitric oxide is reduced by superoxide, a major reactive oxygen species. Overproduction of superoxide and other related reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative stress reduces the biological effects of nitric oxide. Though both of these highly reactive species have distinct roles in other pathways, their interaction is emerging as a major regulatory factor in normal and pathological renal function. The purpose of this review is to highlight the recent studies on oxidative stress and nitric oxide in the kidney, focusing on their interaction in normal and pathological conditions. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have focused on pro-oxidant pathways and nitric oxide defense systems in normal and pathological conditions. The oxidant potential of uncoupled nitric oxide synthases is gaining interest as a pro-oxidant system. Both animal and clinical studies have attempted to identify strategies to intervene at various stages of the oxidant-nitric oxide pathways to improve function during renal failure. SUMMARY Several new approaches and provocative findings have emerged over the last year. A regulatory role for nitric oxide in the control of the renal microcirculation and as a participant in tubule function is further described. New information of the cause and possible prevention of acute and chronic renal failure has also been produced in the last year. These advances demonstrate the value of research in the normal and pathological roles of oxidative stress and nitric oxide in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Araujo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Georgetown University, 4000 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Hirayama A, Nagase S. Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of oxidative stress in renal disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2006; 103:c71-6. [PMID: 16543759 DOI: 10.1159/000090612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of analyzing the kinetics of reactive oxygen species or related substances in vivo is increasing. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is currently a powerful method for in vivo, non-invasive analysis of oxidative stress. We have applied EPR imaging for murine renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, as a model of acute renal damage, and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-deficient mice, a model for chronic progressive renal disease. In the ischemia-reperfusion model, EPR imaging revealed that the renal radical-reducing activity showed only partial recovery when serum creatinine and BUN have recovered. In the Nrf2-deficient mice, we have revealed that the impaired antioxidant activity is brought by both Nrf2 deficiency and the aging process and may play a key role in the onset of autoimmune nephritis in this model. In addition, EPR imaging is recently being applied to the redox analysis of several nephrosis models, hypertensive rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. This article summarizes the nephrological application of EPR imaging and in vivo EPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Hirayama
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Sciences for Control of Pathological Processes, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
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Abstract
This is a review of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI as applied to the kidney. It has been shown that BOLD MRI measurements reflect changes in renal oxygenation, especially in the medulla. Renal medulla functions in a hypoxic milieu and is extremely sensitive to further decrease in blood flow or increase in oxygen consumption. Availability of a non-invasive technique such as BOLD MRI should allow for better understanding of the factors involved in the maintenance of renal oxygenation status, not only in animal models, but also in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottumarthi V Prasad
- Department of Radiology, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, Ill 60201, USA.
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Uwayama J, Hirayama A, Yanagawa T, Warabi E, Sugimoto R, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Yoshida H, Koyama A, Ishii T. Tissue Prx I in the protection against Fe-NTA and the reduction of nitroxyl radicals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 339:226-31. [PMID: 16297875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) is a key cytoplasmic peroxidase that reduces intracellular hydroperoxides in concert with thioredoxin. To study the role of tissue Prx I in protection from oxidative stress, we generated Prx I-/- mice by gene trapping. We then evaluated the acute-phase tissue damage caused by ferric-nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). Increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly greater in Prx I-/- than wild-type mice, 4 and 12 h after the injection of Fe-NTA. Using real-time EPR imaging, we examined the reduction of the stable paramagnetic nitroxyl radical 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl in vivo, and found that the half-life of this spin probe in the liver and kidney was significantly prolonged in the Prx I-/- mice. These results demonstrate that Prx I-/- mice have less reducing activity and are more susceptible to the damage mediated by reactive oxygen species in vivo than wild-type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Uwayama
- Biomolecular and Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Chen Y, Gill PS, Welch WJ. Oxygen availability limits renal NADPH-dependent superoxide production. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289:F749-53. [PMID: 15942050 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00115.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal oxygen tension is substantially lower in the medulla than in the cortex and is reduced in hypertensive rats, a model of oxidative stress. Expression of NADPH oxidase, the primary source for superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*) in the kidney, is elevated in hypertension. Because molecular oxygen (O(2)) is required for O(2)(-)* formation, we tested the hypothesis that renal NADPH oxidase activity is limited by low O(2). O(2)(-)* production by rat kidney tissue or cultured cells exposed to levels of Po(2) that mimics those in the kidney was assessed by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. NADPH-dependent O(2)(-)* production by kidney homogenates decreased reversibly by 60-90% after graded reductions of ambient O(2) from 10 to 0% (76 to 2 mmHg Po(2)). The NADPH-dependent O(2)(-)* production by the kidney homogenate was reduced by decreasing Po(2) below approximately 30 mmHg. The response of tissue homogenates to low Po(2) was not different between normotensive and hypertensive rats. Similarly, NADPH-dependent O(2)(-)* production was lower during 2% O(2) compared with 10% O(2) in rat proximal tubule cells (-57 +/- 1%), vascular smooth muscle (-42 +/- 5%), cardiomyocytes (-57 +/- 1%), and mouse inner medulla collecting duct cells (-58 +/- 3%). We conclude that O(2)(-)* production by NADPH oxidase is dependent on availability of O(2). Therefore, O(2)(-)* generation may be limited in the kidney, both in the normal renal medulla and in the cortex of hypertensive kidneys.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Heart Ventricles/drug effects
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renal/metabolism
- In Vitro Techniques
- Kidney/cytology
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/cytology
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/drug effects
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/metabolism
- Luminescent Measurements
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocardium/metabolism
- NADP/physiology
- Oxygen Consumption/physiology
- Rats
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Xanthines/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Georgetown Univ., 4000 Reservoir Rd NW, Bldg. D-395, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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35
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Sonta T, Inoguchi T, Matsumoto S, Yasukawa K, Inuo M, Tsubouchi H, Sonoda N, Kobayashi K, Utsumi H, Nawata H. In vivo imaging of oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic mice and its normalization by angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 330:415-22. [PMID: 15796899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic mice by electron spin resonance (ESR) imaging technique. Oxidative stress in the kidney was evaluated as organ-specific reducing activity with the signal decay rates of carbamoyl-PROXYL probe using ESR imaging. The signal decay rates were significantly faster in corresponding image pixels of the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice than in those of controls. This technique further demonstrated that administration of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan (5 mg/kg), completely restored the signal decay rates in the diabetic kidneys to control values. In conclusion, this study provided for the first time the in vivo evidence for increased oxidative stress in the kidneys of diabetic mice and its normalization by ARB as evaluated by ESR imaging. This technique would be useful as a means of further elucidating the role of oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyo Sonta
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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