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Tabibzadeh N, Klein M, Try M, Poupon J, Houillier P, Klein C, Cheval L, Crambert G, Lasaad S, Chevillard L, Megarbane B. Low exposition to lithium prevents nephrogenic diabetes insipidus but not microcystic dilations of the collecting ducts in long-term rat model. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400063. [PMID: 38704748 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Lithium induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and microcystic chronic kidney disease (CKD). As previous clinical studies suggest that NDI is dose-dependent and CKD is time-dependent, we investigated the effect of low exposition to lithium in a long-term experimental rat model. Rats were fed with a normal diet (control group), with the addition of lithium (Li+ group), or with lithium and amiloride (Li+/Ami group) for 6 months, allowing obtaining low plasma lithium concentrations (0.25 ± 0.06 and 0.43 ± 0.16 mmol/L, respectively). Exposition to low concentrations of plasma lithium levels prevented NDI but not microcystic dilations of kidney tubules, which were identified as collecting ducts (CDs) on immunofluorescent staining. Both hypertrophy, characterized by an increase in the ratio of nuclei per tubular area, and microcystic dilations were observed. The ratio between principal cells and intercalated cells was higher in microcystic than in hypertrophied tubules. There was no correlation between AQP2 messenger RNA levels and cellular remodeling of the CD. Additional amiloride treatment in the Li+/Ami group did not allow consistent morphometric and cellular composition changes compared to the Li+ group. Low exposition to lithium prevented overt NDI but not microcystic dilations of the CD, with differential cellular composition in hypertrophied and microcystic CDs, suggesting different underlying cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Tabibzadeh
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Klein
- Inserm UMRS-1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Try
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Joël Poupon
- Department of Biological Toxicology, AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, University Paris VII, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Physiologie, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Klein
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie et de Cytométrie (CHIC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lydie Cheval
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Crambert
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Samia Lasaad
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Bruno Megarbane
- Inserm UMRS-1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital, Federation of Toxicology, APHP, Paris, France
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2
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van Megen WH, Canki E, Wagenaar VHA, van Waes CRMM, Peters DJM, Van Asbeck-Van der Wijst J, Hoenderop JGJ. Fluid shear stress stimulates ATP release without regulating purinergic gene expression in the renal inner medullary collecting duct. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23232. [PMID: 37819258 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301434r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In the kidney, the flow rate of the pro-urine through the renal tubules is highly variable. The tubular epithelial cells sense these variations in pro-urinary flow rate in order to regulate various physiological processes, including electrolyte reabsorption. One of the mechanosensitive pathways activated by flow is the release of ATP, which can then act as a autocrine or paracrine factor. Increased ATP release is observed in various kidney diseases, among others autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, the mechanisms underlying flow-induced ATP release in the collecting duct, especially in the inner medullary collecting duct, remain understudied. Using inner medullary collecting duct 3 (IMCD3) cells in a microfluidic setup, we show here that administration of a high flow rate for 1 min results in an increased ATP release compared to a lower flow rate. Although the ATP release channel pannexin-1 contributed to flow-induced ATP release in Pkd1-/- IMCD3 cells, it did not in wildtype IMCD3 cells. In addition, flow application increased the expression of the putative ATP release channel connexin-30.3 (CX30.3) in wildtype and Pkd1-/- IMCD3 cells. However, CX30.3 knockout IMCD3 cells exhibited a similar flow-induced ATP release as wildtype IMCD3 cells, suggesting that CX30.3 does not drive flow-induced ATP release in wildtype IMDC3 cells. Collectively, our results show differential mechanisms underlying flow-induced ATP release in wildtype and Pkd1-/- IMCD3 cells and further strengthen the link between ADPKD and pannexin-1-dependent ATP release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H van Megen
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esra Canki
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera H A Wagenaar
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Tabibzadeh N, Crambert G. Mechanistic insights into the primary and secondary alterations of renal ion and water transport in the distal nephron. J Intern Med 2023; 293:4-22. [PMID: 35909256 PMCID: PMC10087581 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The kidneys, by equilibrating the outputs to the inputs, are essential for maintaining the constant volume, pH, and electrolyte composition of the internal milieu. Inability to do so, either because of internal kidney dysfunction (primary alteration) or because of some external factors (secondary alteration), leads to pathologies of varying severity, leading to modification of these parameters and affecting the functions of other organs. Alterations of the functions of the collecting duct (CD), the most distal part of the nephron, have been extensively studied and have led to a better diagnosis, better management of the related diseases, and the development of therapeutic tools. Thus, dysfunctions of principal cell-specific transporters such as ENaC or AQP2 or its receptors (mineralocorticoid or vasopressin receptors) caused by mutations or by compounds present in the environment (lithium, antibiotics, etc.) have been demonstrated in a variety of syndromes (Liddle, pseudohypoaldosteronism type-1, diabetes insipidus, etc.) affecting salt, potassium, and water balance. In parallel, studies on specific transporters (H+ -ATPase, anion exchanger 1) in intercalated cells have revealed the mechanisms of related tubulopathies like distal renal distal tubular acidosis or Sjögren syndrome. In this review, we will recapitulate the mechanisms of most of the primary and secondary alteration of the ion transport system of the CD to provide a better understanding of these diseases and highlight how a targeted perturbation may affect many different pathways due to the strong crosstalk and entanglements between the different actors (transporters, cell types).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Tabibzadeh
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichât, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Crambert
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,EMR 8228 Unité Métabolisme et Physiologie Rénale, CNRS, Paris, France
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4
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Feng J, Zhang Y, Wen J, Chen Y, Tao J, Yu S, Zhu Z, Dong B, Liu Y, Fan Y, Lv L, Zhang X. Alteration of N6-methyladenosine epitranscriptome profiles in bilateral ureteral obstruction-induced obstructive nephropathy in juvenile rats. Pediatr Res 2022; 93:1509-1518. [PMID: 35986151 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of renal failure in children and infants, and the pathophysiological mechanisms of obstructive nephropathy are largely unclear. It has been reported that m6A modulation is involved in renal injury. However, whether m6A RNA modulation is associated with obstructive nephropathy has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the m6A epitranscriptome profiles in the kidneys of bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO) in young rats. METHODS The total level of m6A in the kidneys was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The mRNAs of related genes were detected by real-time PCR. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing was performed to map the epitranscriptome-wide m6A profile. RESULTS Global m6A levels were increased after BUO, and the mRNA expression levels of m6A methyltransferases and demethylases were significantly decreased in BUO group rat kidneys; the expression levels of EGFR and Brcal were significantly upregulated, while the mRNA expression levels of Notch1 were downregulated (P < 0.05). A total of 154 genes associated with 163 m6A peaks were identified. CONCLUSION The m6A epitranscriptome was significantly altered in BUO rat kidneys, which is potentially implicated in the pathophysiological processes of obstructive nephropathy. IMPACT The m6A RNA modification was associated with the process of renal injury in ureteral obstructive nephropathy by participating in multiple dimensions. The dysregulation of m6A methyltransferases and demethylases may be related to the pathophysiological changes of BUO-induced obstructive nephropathy. The m6A RNA modulation of the genes EGFR, Brca1, and Notch1 that were related to the regulation of aquaporin2 might be the potential mechanism for the polyuresis after ureteral obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shuanbao Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Biao Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yafeng Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Röck R, Rizzo L, Lienkamp SS. Kidney Development: Recent Insights from Technological Advances. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022; 37:0. [PMID: 35253460 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00041.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a complex organ, and how it forms is a fascinating process. New technologies, such as single-cell transcriptomics, and enhanced imaging modalities are offering new approaches to understand the complex and intertwined processes during embryonic kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Röck
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR) Kidney Control of Homeostasis (Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ludovica Rizzo
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR) Kidney Control of Homeostasis (Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland.,PhD program "Molecular and Translational Biomedicine," Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soeren S Lienkamp
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR) Kidney Control of Homeostasis (Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
The field of single-cell genomics and spatial technologies is rapidly evolving and has already provided unprecedented insights into complex tissues. Major advances have been made in dissecting the cellular composition and spatiotemporal interactions that mediate developmental processes in the fetal kidney. Single-cell technologies have also provided detailed insights into the heterogeneity of cell types within the healthy adult and shed light on the complex cellular mechanisms that contribute to kidney disease. The in-depth characterization of specific cell types associated with acute kidney injury and glomerular diseases has potential for the development of prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutics. Analyses of pathway activity in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma can predict the sensitivity of tumour cells to specific inhibitors. The identification of the cell of origin of renal cell carcinoma and of new cell types within the tumour microenvironment also has implications for the development of targeted therapeutics. Similarly, single-cell sequencing has provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying kidney fibrosis, specifically our understanding of myofibroblast origins and the contribution of cell crosstalk within the fibrotic niche to disease progression. These and future studies will enable the creation of a map to aid our understanding of the cellular processes and interactions in the developing, healthy and diseased kidney.
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7
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Pou Casellas C, Rookmaaker MB, Verhaar MC. Controlling cellular plasticity to improve in vitro models for kidney regeneration. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Thomsen ML, Grønkjær C, Iervolino A, Rej S, Trepiccione F, Christensen BM. Atorvastatin does not ameliorate nephrogenic diabetes insipidus induced by lithium or potassium depletion in mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15111. [PMID: 34762363 PMCID: PMC8582289 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired forms of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) include lithium (Li)-induced and hypokalemia-induced NDI. Both forms are associated with AQP2 downregulation and collecting duct (CD) cellular remodeling. Statins are cholesterol-lowering drugs appearing to increase AQP2 membrane-translocation and improve urine concentration in other NDI models. We have investigated if statins are able to prevent or rescue the Li-induced changes in mice and in a mouse cortical CD cell line (mCCDc1l ). Biotinylation assays showed that acute (1hr) atorvastatin, simvastatin, or fluvastatin increased AQP2 membrane accumulation in mCCDc1l cells showing that the cell line responds to acute statin treatment. To see whether chronic statin treatment abolish the Li effects, mCCDc1l cells were treated with 48 h Li, combined Li/atorvastatin or combined Li/simvastatin. Li reduced AQP2, but combined Li/atorvastatin or Li/simvastatin did not prevent AQP2 downregulation. In mice, chronic (21 days) Li increased urine output and reduced urine osmolality, but combined Li/atorvastatin did not prevent these effects. In inner medulla (IM), Li reduced total AQP2 and increased pS261-AQP2. Combined Li/atorvastatin did not abolish these changes. Atorvastatin did not prevent a Li-induced increase in intercalated cells and proliferation in IM. In mice with already established NDI, atorvastatin had no effect on the Li-induced changes either. Mice subjected to 14 days of potassium-deficient diet developed polyuria and AQP2 downregulation in IM. Co-treatment with atorvastatin did not prevent this. In conclusion, atorvastatin does not appear to be able to prevent or rescue Li-NDI or to prevent hypokalemic-induced NDI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Iervolino
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
- Biogem Institute of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAriano IrpinoItaly
| | - Soham Rej
- Jewish General Hospital/Lady Davis Institute/Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
- Biogem Institute of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAriano IrpinoItaly
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9
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Petrillo F, Iervolino A, Angrisano T, Jelen S, Costanzo V, D’Acierno M, Cheng L, Wu Q, Guerriero I, Mazzarella MC, De Falco A, D’Angelo F, Ceccarelli M, Caraglia M, Capasso G, Fenton RA, Trepiccione F. Dysregulation of Principal Cell miRNAs Facilitates Epigenetic Regulation of AQP2 and Results in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1339-1354. [PMID: 33727367 PMCID: PMC8259636 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs), formed by cleavage of pre-microRNA by the endoribonuclease Dicer, are critical modulators of cell function by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression. METHODS Selective ablation of Dicer in AQP2-expressing cells (DicerAQP2Cre+ mice) was used to investigate the role of miRNAs in the kidney collecting duct of mice. RESULTS The mice had severe polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, potentially due to greatly reduced AQP2 and AQP4 levels. Although epithelial sodium channel levels were decreased in cortex and increased in inner medulla, amiloride-sensitive sodium reabsorption was equivalent in DicerAQP2Cre+ mice and controls. Small-RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis revealed 31 and 178 significantly regulated miRNAs and proteins, respectively. Integrated bioinformatic analysis of the miRNAome and proteome suggested alterations in the epigenetic machinery and various transcription factors regulating AQP2 expression in DicerAQP2Cre+ mice. The expression profile and function of three miRNAs (miR-7688-5p, miR-8114, and miR-409-3p) whose predicted targets were involved in epigenetic control (Phf2, Kdm5c, and Kdm4a) or transcriptional regulation (GATA3, GATA2, and ELF3) of AQP2 were validated. Luciferase assays could not demonstrate direct interaction of AQP2 or the three potential transcription factors with miR-7688-5p, miR-8114, and miR-409-3p. However, transfection of respective miRNA mimics reduced AQP2 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated decreased Phf2 and significantly increased Kdm5c interactions at the Aqp2 gene promoter in DicerAQP2Cre+ mice, resulting in decreased RNA Pol II association. CONCLUSIONS Novel evidence indicates miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of AQP2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Petrillo
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna Iervolino
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Angrisano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabina Jelen
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ilaria Guerriero
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | - Alfonso De Falco
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Fulvio D’Angelo
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI) University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Biogem, Institute of Genetic Research “Gaetano Salvatore”, Ariano Irpino, Italy,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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10
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Assmus A, Mullins L, Ward M, Dobie R, Hunter R, Henderson NC, Mullins JJ. Loss of Adam10 Disrupts Ion Transport in Immortalized Kidney Collecting Duct Cells. FUNCTION 2021; 2:zqab024. [PMID: 34131651 PMCID: PMC8187228 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney cortical collecting duct (CCD) comprises principal cells (PCs), intercalated cells (IC), and the recently discovered intermediate cell type. Kidney pathology in a mouse model of the syndrome of apparent aldosterone excess revealed plasticity of the CCD, with altered PC:intermediate cell:IC ratio. The self-immortalized mouse CCD cell line, mCCDcl1, shows functional characteristics of PCs, but displays a range of cell types, including intermediate cells, making it ideal to study plasticity. We knocked out Adam10, a key component of the Notch pathway, in mCCDcl1 cells, using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and isolated independent clones, which exhibited severely affected sodium transport capacity and loss of aldosterone response. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed significantly reduced expression of major PC-specific markers, such as Scnn1g (γ-ENaC) and Hsd11b2 (11βHSD2), but no significant changes in transcription of components of the Notch pathway were observed. Immunostaining in the knockout clone confirmed the decrease in expression of γ-ENaC and importantly, showed an altered, diffuse distribution of PC and IC markers, suggesting altered trafficking in the Adam10 knockout clone as an explanation for the loss of polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Assmus
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Linda Mullins
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mairi Ward
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ross Dobie
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Robert Hunter
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Neil C Henderson
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - John J Mullins
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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11
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Suzumoto Y, Columbano V, Gervasi L, Giunta R, Mattina T, Trimarchi G, Capolongo G, Simeoni M, Perna AF, Zacchia M, Toriello G, Pollastro RM, Rapisarda F, Capasso G, Trepiccione F. A case series of adult patients affected by EAST/SeSAME syndrome suggests more severe disease in subjects bearing KCNJ10 truncating mutations. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:95-101. [PMID: 33996354 PMCID: PMC8122315 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2020.03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
EAST/SeSAME syndrome is a rare disease affecting the Central Nervous System (CNS), inner ear, and kidney. The syndrome is due to loss-of-function mutations in the KCNJ10 gene encoding the inward-rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1. EAST/SeSAME syndrome is mainly diagnosed during childhood with a tonic-clonic seizure being the usual first symptom. Due to a limited number of patients and recent identification of the disease, few data are available on the clinical progress of this disease in adulthood. In particular, neurologic and nephrological outcomes have not been reported. We present a case series of 4 adult patients harbouring homozygous missense mutation p.Ala167Val and homozygous frameshift mutations p.Asn232Glnfs*14 and p.Gly275Valfs*7. Effects of these mutations were predicted by in silico modelling and bioinformatic tools. Patients with truncating mutations were associated with more severe outcomes, both in tubulopathy severity and neurological symptomatology. Conversely, either missense or truncating mutations were correlated with similar severity of epilepsy, with a long free-of-event period up to 20 years old. No eGFR decline was documented. Modelling predicted that truncating mutations lead to complete Kir4.1 dysfunction. Finally, all patients had a mild increase in urinary protein excretion. Our study indicates that the prognosis of patients suffering from EAST/SeSAME syndrome is related to the severity of the mutation causing the disease. As predicted by in silico modelling, truncating mutations of KCNJ10 are associated with more severe disease, with recurrence of symptomatic hypokalemia and more severe neurological phenotype. The type of mutation should be considered for the therapy tailored to patients' phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Columbano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Gervasi
- School of Nephrology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Giunta
- School of Nephrology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Trimarchi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanna Capolongo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mariadelina Simeoni
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra F. Perna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Zacchia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rosa M. Pollastro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rapisarda
- School of Nephrology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Biogem Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Biogem Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Address correspondence to:Francesco Trepiccione, Department of Translational Medical Sciences University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via Pansini n5, 80131 Naples, Italy. E-mail:
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12
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Howden SE, Wilson SB, Groenewegen E, Starks L, Forbes TA, Tan KS, Vanslambrouck JM, Holloway EM, Chen YH, Jain S, Spence JR, Little MH. Plasticity of distal nephron epithelia from human kidney organoids enables the induction of ureteric tip and stalk. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:671-684.e6. [PMID: 33378647 PMCID: PMC8026527 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During development, distinct progenitors contribute to the nephrons versus the ureteric epithelium of the kidney. Indeed, previous human pluripotent stem-cell-derived models of kidney tissue either contain nephrons or pattern specifically to the ureteric epithelium. By re-analyzing the transcriptional distinction between distal nephron and ureteric epithelium in human fetal kidney, we show here that, while existing nephron-containing kidney organoids contain distal nephron epithelium and no ureteric epithelium, this distal nephron segment alone displays significant in vitro plasticity and can adopt a ureteric epithelial tip identity when isolated and cultured in defined conditions. "Induced" ureteric epithelium cultures can be cryopreserved, serially passaged without loss of identity, and transitioned toward a collecting duct fate. Cultures harboring loss-of-function mutations in PKHD1 also recapitulate the cystic phenotype associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Howden
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia.
| | - Sean B Wilson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Ella Groenewegen
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Lakshi Starks
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas A Forbes
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Ker Sin Tan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Jason R Spence
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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13
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Giglio S, Montini G, Trepiccione F, Gambaro G, Emma F. Distal renal tubular acidosis: a systematic approach from diagnosis to treatment. J Nephrol 2021; 34:2073-2083. [PMID: 33770395 PMCID: PMC8610947 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-021-01032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) comprises a group of disorders in which excretion of hydrogen ions or reabsorption of filtered HCO3 is impaired, leading to chronic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap. In the current review, the focus is placed on the most common type of RTA, Type 1 RTA or Distal RTA (dRTA), which is a rare chronic genetic disorder characterized by an inability of the distal nephron to secrete hydrogen ions in the presence of metabolic acidosis. Over the years, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms behind acid secretion has improved, thereby greatly helping the diagnosis of dRTA. The primary or inherited form of dRTA is mostly diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or young adulthood, while the acquired secondary form, as a consequence of other disorders or medications, can happen at any age, although it is more commonly seen in adults. dRTA is not as “benign” as previously assumed, and can have several, highly variable long-term consequences. The present review indeed reports and summarizes both clinical symptoms and diagnosis, long-term outcomes, genetic inheritance, epidemiology and current treatment options, with the aim of shedding more light onto this rare disorder. Being a chronic condition, dRTA also deserves attention in the transition between pediatric and adult nephrology care, and as a rare disease it has a place in the European and Italian rare nephrological diseases network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Nephrology, Dialysis and PediatricTransplant Unit, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Biogem Research Institute Ariano Irpino, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Nephrology Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Emma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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14
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Genini A, Mohebbi N, Daryadel A, Bettoni C, Wagner CA. Adaptive response of the murine collecting duct to alkali loading. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1079-1092. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Little MH. Diving Deep into the Adult Mouse Kidney. Dev Cell 2020; 51:293-294. [PMID: 31689383 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Developmental Cell, Ransick et al. (2019) provide a comprehensive anatomically guided single-cell dataset from adult mouse kidney, representing the most detailed analysis of the cellular heterogeneity and lineage relationship of cells in the adult mouse kidney published to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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16
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Assmus AM, Mullins JJ, Brown CM, Mullins LJ. Cellular plasticity: A mechanism for homeostasis in the kidney. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13447. [PMID: 31991057 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is a topical subject with interest spanning a wide range of fields from developmental biology to regenerative medicine. Even the nomenclature is a subject of debate, and the underlying mechanisms are still under investigation. On top of injury repair, cell plasticity is a constant physiological process in adult organisms and tissues, in response to homeostatic challenges. In this review we discuss two examples of plasticity for the maintenance of homeostasis in the renal system-namely the renin-producing juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells) and cortical collecting duct (CCD) cells. JG cells show plasticity through recruitment mechanisms, answering the demand for an increase in renin production. In the CCD, cells appear to have the ability to transdifferentiate between principal and intercalated cells to help maintain the highly regulated solute transport levels of that segment. These two cases highlight the complexity of plasticity processes and the role they can play in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne M. Assmus
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - John J. Mullins
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - Cara M. Brown
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - Linda J. Mullins
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
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17
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Ward M, Assmus AM, Mullins LJ, Peter A, Mansley MK, Bradley M, Mullins J. Cell Plasticity in the Kidney Collecting Duct of
Hsd11b2
KO Mice and Rats. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.08650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Iervolino A, Prosperi F, De La Motte LR, Petrillo F, Spagnuolo M, D'Acierno M, Siccardi S, Perna AF, Christensen BM, Frische S, Capasso G, Trepiccione F. Potassium depletion induces cellular conversion in the outer medullary collecting duct altering Notch signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5708. [PMID: 32235870 PMCID: PMC7109050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium depletion affects AQP2 expression and the cellular composition of the kidney collecting duct. This, in turn, contributes to the development of a secondary form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and hypokalemic nephropathy. Here we show that after 14 days of potassium depletion, the cellular fraction of A-type intercalated cells increases while the fraction of principal cells decreases along the outer medullary collecting duct in rats. The intercalated cells acquired a novel distribution pattern forming rows of cells attached to each other. These morphological changes occur progressively and reverse after 7 days of recovery on normal rat chow diet. The cellular remodeling mainly occurred in the inner stripe of outer medulla similar to the previously seen effect of lithium on the collecting duct cellular profile. The cellular remodeling is associated with the appearance of cells double labelled with both specific markers of principal and type-A intercalated cells. The appearance of this cell type was associated with the downregulation of the Notch signaling via the Hes1 pathways. These results show that the epithelium of the collecting duct has a high degree of plasticity and that Notch signaling likely plays a key role during hypokalemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Iervolino
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Federica Prosperi
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Luigi R De La Motte
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Federica Petrillo
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Manuela Spagnuolo
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria D'Acierno
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Siccardi
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra F Perna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy. .,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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19
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Žukovskaja O, Ryabchykov O, Straßburger M, Heinekamp T, Brakhage AA, Hennings CJ, Hübner CA, Wegmann M, Cialla-May D, Bocklitz TW, Weber K, Popp J. Towards Raman spectroscopy of urine as screening tool. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201900143. [PMID: 31682320 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For the screening purposes urine is an especially attractive biofluid, since it offers easy and noninvasive sample collection and provides a snapshot of the whole metabolic status of the organism, which may change under different pathological conditions. Raman spectroscopy (RS) has the potential to monitor these changes and utilize them for disease diagnostics. The current study utilizes mouse models aiming to compare the feasibility of the urine based RS combined with chemometrics for diagnosing kidney diseases directly influencing urine composition and respiratory tract diseases having no direct connection to urine formation. The diagnostic models for included diseases were built using principal component analysis with linear discriminant analysis and validated with a leave-one-mouse-out cross-validation approach. Considering kidney disorders, the accuracy of 100% was obtained in discrimination between sick and healthy mice, as well as between two different kidney diseases. For asthma and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis achieved accuracies were noticeably lower, being, respectively, 77.27% and 78.57%. In conclusion, our results suggest that RS of urine samples not only provides a solution for a rapid, sensitive and noninvasive diagnosis of kidney disorders, but also holds some promises for the screening of nonurinary tract diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Žukovskaja
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostic, Philosophenweg, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
| | - Oleg Ryabchykov
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Straßburger
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heinekamp
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Wegmann
- Division of Asthma Exacerbation & Regulation, Program Area Asthma & Allergy, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Borstel, Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostic, Philosophenweg, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas W Bocklitz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
| | - Karina Weber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostic, Philosophenweg, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostic, Philosophenweg, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance "Leibniz Health Technologies", Jena, Germany
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20
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Trepiccione F. ERA-EDTA fellowship, a 'bonne opportunité': the scientific and human experience of a fellow. Clin Kidney J 2019; 12:465-467. [PMID: 31384435 PMCID: PMC6671323 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfy123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As a fellow of the ERA-EDTA long-term fellowship programme, I spent two fantastic years as a post-doc in Prof. D. Eladari’s laboratory at Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Centre. It was a highly formative and productive scientific experience. On a personal level, immersion into the French society and the international environment of the laboratory were added bonuses that enriched my experience. I am honoured to report my experience here from the ERA-EDTA fellowship programme. I hope this will inspire young fellows to apply for such a programme and pursue their career in science. Good mentorship, a passion for scientific investigation and determination are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trepiccione
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
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21
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Chen L, Clark JZ, Nelson JW, Kaissling B, Ellison DH, Knepper MA. Renal-Tubule Epithelial Cell Nomenclature for Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Studies. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1358-1364. [PMID: 31253652 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Chen
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jevin Z Clark
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jonathan W Nelson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
| | | | - David H Ellison
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
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22
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An Early Decrease in Release of Aquaporin-2 in Urinary Extracellular Vesicles After Cisplatin Treatment in Rats. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020139. [PMID: 30744167 PMCID: PMC6407024 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) and AQP2 are important proteins involved in the regulation of renal water handling. Both AQPs have been found in urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) (uEV-AQP1 and -AQP2). Cisplatin, an antineoplastic agent, is known to down-regulate renal AQP1 and AQP2. However, the effect of cisplatin on the release of uEV-AQP1 and -AQP2 is largely unknown. In this study, we examined whether treatment of rats with cisplatin affected the release of uEV-AQP1 and -AQP2. Blood tests indicated that renal function was little altered at 24 h after cisplatin treatment but thereafter decreased dramatically at all of the other time points examined. Release of uEV-AQP1 was slightly increased at 24 h and decreased at 168 h. On the other hand, release of uEV-AQP2 was decreased dramatically at 24 h, and the decrease was maintained during the experimental period. These data suggest that uEV-AQP2 can be used to detect early renal impairment due to cisplatin. Furthermore, a combination of uEV-AQP2 and -AQP1 may be useful for estimation of cisplatin-induced renal injury in a stage-dependent manner.
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23
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Mukherjee M, deRiso J, Otterpohl K, Ratnayake I, Kota D, Ahrenkiel P, Chandrasekar I, Surendran K. Endogenous Notch Signaling in Adult Kidneys Maintains Segment-Specific Epithelial Cell Types of the Distal Tubules and Collecting Ducts to Ensure Water Homeostasis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 30:110-126. [PMID: 30514723 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch signaling is required during kidney development for nephron formation and principal cell fate selection within the collecting ducts. Whether Notch signaling is required in the adult kidney to maintain epithelial diversity, or whether its loss can trigger principal cell transdifferentiation (which could explain acquired diabetes insipidus in patients receiving lithium) is unclear. METHODS To investigate whether loss of Notch signaling can trigger principal cells to lose their identity, we genetically inactivated Notch1 and Notch2, inactivated the Notch signaling target Hes1, or induced expression of a Notch signaling inhibitor in all of the nephron segments and collecting ducts in mice after kidney development. We examined renal function and cell type composition of control littermates and mice with conditional Notch signaling inactivation in adult renal epithelia. In addition, we traced the fate of genetically labeled adult kidney collecting duct principal cells after Hes1 inactivation or lithium treatment. RESULTS Notch signaling was required for maintenance of Aqp2-expressing cells in distal nephron and collecting duct segments in adult kidneys. Fate tracing revealed mature principal cells in the inner stripe of the outer medulla converted to intercalated cells after genetic inactivation of Hes1 and, to a lesser extent, lithium treatment. Hes1 ensured repression of Foxi1 to prevent the intercalated cell program from turning on in mature Aqp2+ cell types. CONCLUSIONS Notch signaling via Hes1 regulates maintenance of mature renal epithelial cell states. Loss of Notch signaling or use of lithium can trigger transdifferentiation of mature principal cells to intercalated cells in adult kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karla Otterpohl
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Ishara Ratnayake
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota; and
| | - Divya Kota
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota; and
| | - Phil Ahrenkiel
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota; and
| | - Indra Chandrasekar
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group and .,Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
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24
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Himmel NJ, Wang Y, Rodriguez DA, Sun MA, Blount MA. Chronic lithium treatment induces novel patterns of pendrin localization and expression. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F313-F322. [PMID: 29667915 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00065.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged lithium treatment is associated with various renal side effects and is known to induce inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) remodeling. In animals treated with lithium, the fraction of intercalated cells (ICs), which are responsible for acid-base homeostasis, increases compared with renal principal cells (PCs). To investigate the intricacies of lithium-induced IMCD remodeling, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a lithium-enriched diet for 0,1, 2, 3, 6, 9, or 12 wk. Urine osmolality was decreased at 1 wk, and from 2 to 12 wk, animals were severely polyuric. After 6 wk of lithium treatment, approximately one-quarter of the cells in the initial IMCD expressed vacuolar H+-ATPase, an IC marker. These cells were localized in portions of the inner medulla, where ICs are not normally found. Pendrin, a Cl-/[Formula: see text] exchanger, is normally expressed only in two IC subtypes found in the convoluted tubule, the cortical collecting duct, and the connecting tubule. At 6 wk of lithium treatment, we observed various patterns of pendrin localization and expression in the rat IMCD, including a novel phenotype wherein pendrin was coexpressed with aquaporin-4. These observations collectively suggest that renal IMCD cell plasticity may play an important role in lithium-induced IMCD remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J Himmel
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yirong Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Daniel A Rodriguez
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael A Sun
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mitsi A Blount
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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26
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AQP4 and HIVAN. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:71-75. [PMID: 29778884 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Poulsen SB, Limbutara K, Fenton RA, Pisitkun T, Christensen BM. RNA sequencing of kidney distal tubule cells reveals multiple mediators of chronic aldosterone action. Physiol Genomics 2018. [PMID: 29521601 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00084.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renal aldosterone-sensitive distal tubule (ASDT) is crucial for sodium reabsorption and blood pressure regulation. The ASDT consists of the late distal convoluted tubule (DCT2), connecting tubule (CNT), and collecting duct. Due to difficulties in isolating epithelial cells from the ASDT in large quantities, few transcriptome studies have been performed on this segment. Moreover, no studies exist on isolated DCT2 and CNT cells (excluding intercalated cells), and the role of aldosterone for regulating the transcriptome of these specific cell types is largely unknown. A mouse model expressing eGFP in DCT2/CNT/initial cortical collecting duct (iCCD) principal cells was exploited to facilitate the isolation of these cells in high number and purity. Combined with deep RNA sequencing technology, a comprehensive catalog of chronic aldosterone-regulated transcripts from enriched DCT2/CNT/iCCD principal cells was generated. There were 257 significantly downregulated and 290 upregulated transcripts in response to aldosterone ( P < 0.05). The RNA sequencing confirmed aldosterone regulation of well-described aldosterone targets including Sgk1 and Tsc22d3. Changes in selected transcripts such as S100a1 and Cldn4 were confirmed by RT-qPCR. The RNA sequencing showed downregulation of Nr3c2 encoding the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and cell line experiments showed a parallel decrease in MR protein. Furthermore, a large number of transcripts encoding transcription factors were downregulated. An extensive mRNA transcriptome reconstruction of an enriched CNT/iCCD principal cell population was also generated. The results provided a comprehensive database of aldosterone-regulated transcripts in the ASDT, allowing development of novel hypotheses for the action of aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavee Limbutara
- Systems Biology (CUSB) Center, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Robert A Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Systems Biology (CUSB) Center, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
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28
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Kiryluk K, Bomback A, Cheng YL, Camara PG, Rabadan R, Sims P, Barasch J. Precision Medicine for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Redefining AKI by Agnostic Kidney Tissue Interrogation and Genetics. Semin Nephrol 2018; 38:40-51. [PMID: 29291761 PMCID: PMC5753434 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) currently is diagnosed by a temporal trend of a single blood analyte: serum creatinine. This measurement is neither sensitive nor specific to kidney injury or its protean forms. Newer biomarkers, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, Lipocalin 2, Siderocalin), or kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1, Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1), accelerate the diagnosis of AKI as well as prospectively distinguish rapidly reversible from prolonged causes of serum creatinine increase. Nonetheless, these biomarkers lack the capacity to subfractionate AKI further (eg, sepsis versus ischemia versus nephrotoxicity from medications, enzymes, or metals) or inform us about the primary and secondary sites of injury. It also is unknown whether all nephrons are injured in AKI, whether all cells in a nephron are affected, and whether injury responses can be stimulus-specific or cell type-specific or both. In this review, we summarize fully agnostic tissue interrogation approaches that may help to redefine AKI in cellular and molecular terms, including single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing technology. These approaches will empower a shift in the current paradigm of AKI diagnosis, classification, and staging, and provide the renal community with a significant advance toward precision medicine in the analysis AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kiryluk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Bomback
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yim-Ling Cheng
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pablo G. Camara
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Barasch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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29
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Assmus AM, Mansley MK, Mullins LJ, Peter A, Mullins JJ. mCCD cl1 cells show plasticity consistent with the ability to transition between principal and intercalated cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F820-F831. [PMID: 29357433 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00354.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cortical collecting duct of the mammalian kidney plays a critical role in the regulation of body volume, sodium pH, and osmolarity and is composed of two distinct cells types, principal cells and intercalated cells. Each cell type is detectable in the kidney by the localization of specific transport proteins such as aquaporin 2 (Aqp2) and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in principal cells and V-ATPase B1 and connexin 30 (Cx30) in intercalated cells. mCCDcl1 cells have been widely used as a mouse principal cell line on the basis of their physiological characteristics. In this study, the mCCDcl1 parental cell line and three sublines cloned from isolated single cells (Ed1, Ed2, and Ed3) were grown on filters to assess their transepithelial resistance, transepithelial voltage, equivalent short circuit current and expression of the cell-specific markers Aqp2, ENaC, V-ATPaseB1, and Cx30. The parental mCCDcl1 cell line presented amiloride-sensitive electrogenic sodium transport indicative of principal cell function; however, immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR showed that some cells expressed the intercalated cell-specific markers V-ATPase B1 and Cx30, including a subset of cells also positive for Aqp2 and ENaC. The three subclonal lines contained cells that were positive for both intercalated and principal cell-specific markers. The vertical transmission of both principal and intercalated cell characteristics via single cell cloning reveals the plasticity of mCCDcl1 cells and a direct lineage relationship between these two physiologically important cell types and is consistent with mCCDcl1 cells being precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Assmus
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - M K Mansley
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - L J Mullins
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - A Peter
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - J J Mullins
- University of Edinburgh/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
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30
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Lithium increases ammonium excretion leading to altered urinary acid-base buffer composition. J Nephrol 2017; 31:385-393. [PMID: 29178032 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-017-0460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports identify a voltage dependent distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) secondary to lithium (Li+) salt administration. This was based on the inability of Li+-treated patients to increase the urine-blood (U-B) pCO2 when challenged with NaHCO3 and, the ability of sodium neutral phosphate or Na2SO4 administration to restore U-B pCO2 in experimental animal models. The underlying mechanisms for the Li+-induced dRTA are still unknown. To address this point, a 7 days time course of the urinary acid-base parameters was investigated in rats challenged with LiCl, LiCitrate, NaCl, or NaCitrate. LiCl induced the largest polyuria and a mild metabolic acidosis. Li+-treatment induced a biphasic response. In the first 2 days, proper urine volume and acidification occurred, while from the 3rd day of treatment, polyuria developed progressively. In this latter phase, the LiCl-treated group progressively excreted more NH4+ and less pCO2, suggesting that NH3/NH4+ became the main urinary buffer. This physiological parameter was corroborated by the upregulation of NBCn1 (a marker of increased ammonium recycling) in the inner stripe of outer medulla of LiCl treated rats. Finally, by investigating NH4+ excretion in ENaC-cKO mice, a model resistant to Li+-induced polyuria, a primary role of the CD was confirmed. By definition, dRTA is characterized by deficient urinary ammonium excretion. Our data question the presence of a voltage-dependent Li+-induced dRTA in rats treated with LiCl for 7 days and the data suggest that the alkaline urine pH induced by NH3/NH4+ as the main buffer has lead to the interpretation dRTA in previous studies.
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31
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de Groot T, Doornebal J, Christensen BM, Cockx S, Sinke AP, Baumgarten R, Bedford JJ, Walker RJ, Wetzels JFM, Deen PMT. Lithium-induced NDI: acetazolamide reduces polyuria but does not improve urine concentrating ability. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F669-F676. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00147.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium is the mainstay treatment for patients with bipolar disorder, but it generally causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a disorder in which the renal urine concentrating ability has become vasopressin insensitive. Li-NDI is caused by lithium uptake by collecting duct principal cells and downregulation of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels, which are essential for water uptake from tubular urine. Recently, we found that the prophylactic administration of acetazolamide to mice effectively attenuated Li-NDI. To evaluate whether acetazolamide might benefit lithium-treated patients, we administered acetazolamide to mice with established Li-NDI and six patients with a lithium-induced urinary concentrating defect. In mice, acetazolamide partially reversed lithium-induced polyuria and increased urine osmolality, which, however, did not coincide with increased AQP2 abundances. In patients, acetazolamide led to the withdrawal of two patients from the study due to side effects. In the four remaining patients acetazolamide did not lead to clinically relevant changes in maximal urine osmolality. Urine output was also not affected, although none of these patients demonstrated overt lithium-induced polyuria. In three out of four patients, acetazolamide treatment increased serum creatinine levels, indicating a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Strikingly, these three patients also showed a decrease in systemic blood pressure. All together, our data reveal that acetazolamide does not improve the urinary concentrating defect caused by lithium, but it lowers the GFR, likely explaining the reduced urine output in our mice and in a recently reported patient with lithium-induced polyuria. The reduced GFR in patients prone to chronic kidney disease development, however, warrants against application of acetazolamide in Li-NDI patients without long-term (pre)clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theun de Groot
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Doornebal
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | - Simone Cockx
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anne P. Sinke
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Robert J. Walker
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jack F. M. Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M. T. Deen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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32
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Trepiccione F, Prosperi F, de la Motte LR, Hübner CA, Chambrey R, Eladari D, Capasso G. New Findings on the Pathogenesis of Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis. KIDNEY DISEASES 2017; 3:98-105. [PMID: 29344504 DOI: 10.1159/000478781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is characterized by an impairment of the urinary acidification process in the distal nephron. Complete or incomplete metabolic acidosis coupled with inappropriately alkaline urine are the hallmarks of this condition. Genetic forms of dRTA are caused by loss of function mutations of either SLC4A1, encoding the AE1 anion exchanger, or ATP6V1B1 and ATP6V0A4, encoding for the B1 and a4 subunits of the vH+ATPase, respectively. These genes are crucial for the function of A-type intercalated cells (A-IC) of the distal nephron. Summary Alterations of acid-base homeostasis are variably associated with hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis, and a salt-losing phenotype. Here we report the diagnostic test and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms. The molecular mechanisms identified so far can explain the defect in acid secretion, but do not explain all clinical features. We review the latest experimental findings on the pathogenesis of dRTA, reporting mechanisms that are instrumental for the clinician and potentially inspiring a novel therapeutic strategy. Key Message Primary dRTA is usually intended as a single-cell disease because the A-IC are mainly affected. However, novel evidence shows that different cell types of the nephron may contribute to the signs and symptoms, moving the focus from a single-cell towards a renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Prosperi
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.,Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Luigi Regenburgh de la Motte
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.,Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Christian A Hübner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Regine Chambrey
- Inserm U1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, France
| | - Dominique Eladari
- Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales, Hôpital Felix Guyon, CHU de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.,Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
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33
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Werth M, Schmidt-Ott KM, Leete T, Qiu A, Hinze C, Viltard M, Paragas N, Shawber CJ, Yu W, Lee P, Chen X, Sarkar A, Mu W, Rittenberg A, Lin CS, Kitajewski J, Al-Awqati Q, Barasch J. Transcription factor TFCP2L1 patterns cells in the mouse kidney collecting ducts. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28577314 PMCID: PMC5484618 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most nephron segments contain one type of epithelial cell, the collecting ducts consists of at least two: intercalated (IC) and principal (PC) cells, which regulate acid-base and salt-water homeostasis, respectively. In adult kidneys, these cells are organized in rosettes suggesting functional interactions. Genetic studies in mouse revealed that transcription factor Tfcp2l1 coordinates IC and PC development. Tfcp2l1 induces the expression of IC specific genes, including specific H+-ATPase subunits and Jag1. Jag1 in turn, initiates Notch signaling in PCs but inhibits Notch signaling in ICs. Tfcp2l1 inactivation deletes ICs, whereas Jag1 inactivation results in the forfeiture of discrete IC and PC identities. Thus, Tfcp2l1 is a critical regulator of IC-PC patterning, acting cell-autonomously in ICs, and non-cell-autonomously in PCs. As a result, Tfcp2l1 regulates the diversification of cell types which is the central characteristic of 'salt and pepper' epithelia and distinguishes the collecting duct from all other nephron segments. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24265.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Werth
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Kai M Schmidt-Ott
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Andong Qiu
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Melanie Viltard
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Institute for European Expertise in Physiology, Paris, France
| | - Neal Paragas
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Wenqiang Yu
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Lee
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Xia Chen
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Abby Sarkar
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Weiyi Mu
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | | | | | - Jan Kitajewski
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
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34
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Poulsen SB, Kristensen TB, Brooks HL, Kohan DE, Rieg T, Fenton RA. Role of adenylyl cyclase 6 in the development of lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e91042. [PMID: 28405619 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric patients treated with lithium (Li+) may develop nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Although the etiology of Li+-induced NDI (Li-NDI) is poorly understood, it occurs partially due to reduced aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression in the kidney collecting ducts. A mechanism postulated for this is that Li+ inhibits adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity, leading to decreased cAMP, reduced AQP2 abundance, and less membrane targeting. We hypothesized that Li-NDI would not develop in mice lacking AC6. Whole-body AC6 knockout (AC6-/-) mice and potentially novel connecting tubule/principal cell-specific AC6 knockout (AC6loxloxCre) mice had approximately 50% lower urine osmolality and doubled water intake under baseline conditions compared with controls. Dietary Li+ administration increased water intake and reduced urine osmolality in control, AC6-/-, and AC6loxloxCre mice. Consistent with AC6-/- mice, medullary AQP2 and pS256-AQP2 abundances were lower in AC6loxloxCre mice compared with controls under standard conditions, and levels were further reduced after Li+ administration. AC6loxloxCre and control mice had a similar increase in the numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells in response to Li+. However, AC6loxloxCre mice had a higher number of H+-ATPase B1 subunit-positive cells under standard conditions and after Li+ administration. Collectively, AC6 has a minor role in Li-NDI development but may be important for determining the intercalated cell-to-principal cell ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Brandt Poulsen
- InterPrET Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Heddwen L Brooks
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Donald E Kohan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Timo Rieg
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert A Fenton
- InterPrET Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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35
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Grassmeyer J, Mukherjee M, deRiso J, Hettinger C, Bailey M, Sinha S, Visvader JE, Zhao H, Fogarty E, Surendran K. Elf5 is a principal cell lineage specific transcription factor in the kidney that contributes to Aqp2 and Avpr2 gene expression. Dev Biol 2017; 424:77-89. [PMID: 28215940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian kidney collecting ducts are critical for water, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis and develop as a branched network of tubular structures composed of principal cells intermingled with intercalated cells. The intermingled nature of the different collecting duct cell types has made it challenging to identify unique and critical factors that mark and/or regulate the development of the different collecting duct cell lineages. Here we report that the canonical Notch signaling pathway components, RBPJ and Presinilin1 and 2, are involved in patterning the mouse collecting duct cell fates by maintaining a balance between principal cell and intercalated cell fates. The relatively reduced number of principal cells in Notch-signaling-deficient kidneys offered a unique genetic leverage to identify critical principal cell-enriched factors by transcriptional profiling. Elf5, which codes for an ETS transcription factor, is one such gene that is down-regulated in kidneys with Notch-signaling-deficient collecting ducts. Additionally, Elf5 is among the earliest genes up regulated by ectopic expression of activated Notch1 in the developing collecting ducts. In the kidney, Elf5 is first expressed early within developing collecting ducts and remains on in mature principal cells. Lineage tracing of Elf5-expressing cells revealed that they are committed to the principal cell lineage by as early as E16.5. Over-expression of ETS Class IIa transcription factors, including Elf5, Elf3 and Ehf, increase the transcriptional activity of the proximal promoters of Aqp2 and Avpr2 in cultured ureteric duct cell lines. Conditional inactivation of Elf5 in the developing collecting ducts results in a small but significant reduction in the expression levels of Aqp2 and Avpr2 genes. We have identified Elf5 as an early maker of the principal cell lineage that contributes to the expression of principal cell specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Grassmeyer
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Malini Mukherjee
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Jennifer deRiso
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Casey Hettinger
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | | | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Center for Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jane E Visvader
- Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Eric Fogarty
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Basic Biomedical Sciences graduate program, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60(th) Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.
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36
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Trepiccione F, Soukaseum C, Iervolino A, Petrillo F, Zacchia M, Schutz G, Eladari D, Capasso G, Hadchouel J. A fate-mapping approach reveals the composite origin of the connecting tubule and alerts on "single-cell"-specific KO model of the distal nephron. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F901-F906. [PMID: 27582101 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00286.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The distal nephron is a heterogeneous part of the nephron composed by six different cell types, forming the epithelium of the distal convoluted (DCT), connecting, and collecting duct. To dissect the function of these cells, knockout models specific for their unique cell marker have been created. However, since this part of the nephron develops at the border between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme, the specificity of the single cell markers has been recently questioned. Here, by mapping the fate of the aquaporin 2 (AQP2) and Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC)-positive cells using transgenic mouse lines expressing the yellow fluorescent protein fluorescent marker, we showed that the origin of the distal nephron is extremely composite. Indeed, AQP2-expressing precursor results give rise not only to the principal cells, but also to some of the A- and B-type intercalated cells and even to cells of the DCT. On the other hand, some principal cells and B-type intercalated cells can develop from NCC-expressing precursors. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the origin of different cell types in the distal nephron is not as clearly defined as originally thought. Importantly, they highlight the fact that knocking out a gene encoding for a selective functional marker in the adult does not guarantee cell specificity during the overall kidney development. Tools allowing not only cell-specific but also time-controlled recombination will be useful in this sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy; .,INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Soukaseum
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anna Iervolino
- Biogem, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; and
| | - Federica Petrillo
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.,Biogem, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; and
| | - Miriam Zacchia
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - Gunther Schutz
- German Cancer Research Center, Division Molecular Biology of the Cell, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominique Eladari
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.,Biogem, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; and
| | - Juliette Hadchouel
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
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37
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Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a 13 member family (AQP0-12) of proteins that act as channels, through which water and, for some family members, glycerol, urea and other small solutes can be transported. Aquaporins are highly abundant in kidney epithelial cells where they play a critical role with respect to water balance. In this review we summarize the current knowledge with respect to the localization and function of AQPs within the kidney tubule, and their role in mammalian water homeostasis and the water balance disorders. Overviews of practical aspects with regard to differential diagnosis for some of these disorders, alongside treatment strategies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne B Moeller
- Department of Biomedicine and Center for Interactions of Proteins in Epithelial Transport, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Cecilia H Fuglsang
- Department of Biomedicine and Center for Interactions of Proteins in Epithelial Transport, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Robert A Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine and Center for Interactions of Proteins in Epithelial Transport, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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de Groot T, Sinke AP, Kortenoeven MLA, Alsady M, Baumgarten R, Devuyst O, Loffing J, Wetzels JF, Deen PMT. Acetazolamide Attenuates Lithium-Induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:2082-91. [PMID: 26574046 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015070796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (lithium-NDI), patients with bipolar disorder are treated with thiazide and amiloride, which are thought to induce antidiuresis by a compensatory increase in prourine uptake in proximal tubules. However, thiazides induced antidiuresis and alkalinized the urine in lithium-NDI mice lacking the sodium-chloride cotransporter, suggesting that inhibition of carbonic anhydrases (CAs) confers the beneficial thiazide effect. Therefore, we tested the effect of the CA-specific blocker acetazolamide in lithium-NDI. In collecting duct (mpkCCD) cells, acetazolamide reduced the cellular lithium content and attenuated lithium-induced downregulation of aquaporin-2 through a mechanism different from that of amiloride. Treatment of lithium-NDI mice with acetazolamide or thiazide/amiloride induced similar antidiuresis and increased urine osmolality and aquaporin-2 abundance. Thiazide/amiloride-treated mice showed hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, metabolic acidosis, and increased serum lithium concentrations, adverse effects previously observed in patients but not in acetazolamide-treated mice in this study. Furthermore, acetazolamide treatment reduced inulin clearance and cortical expression of sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 and attenuated the increased expression of urinary PGE2 observed in lithium-NDI mice. These results show that the antidiuresis with acetazolamide was partially caused by a tubular-glomerular feedback response and reduced GFR. The tubular-glomerular feedback response and/or direct effect on collecting duct principal or intercalated cells may underlie the reduced urinary PGE2 levels with acetazolamide, thereby contributing to the attenuation of lithium-NDI. In conclusion, CA activity contributes to lithium-NDI development, and acetazolamide attenuates lithium-NDI development in mice similar to thiazide/amiloride but with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | | | - Jack F Wetzels
- Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Sun X, Stephens L, DuBose TD, Petrovic S. Adaptation by the collecting duct to an exogenous acid load is blunted by deletion of the proton-sensing receptor GPR4. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F120-36. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00507.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the deletion of the pH sensor GPR4 causes a non-gap metabolic acidosis and defective net acid excretion (NAE) in the GPR4 knockout mouse (GPR4−/−) (Sun X, Yang LV, Tiegs BC, Arend LJ, McGraw DW, Penn RB, and Petrovic S. J Am Soc Nephrol 21: 1745–1755, 2010). Since the major regulatory site of NAE in the kidney is the collecting duct (CD), we examined acid-base transport proteins in intercalated cells (ICs) of the CD and found comparable mRNA expression of kidney anion exchanger 1 (kAE1), pendrin, and the a4 subunit of H+-ATPase in GPR4−/− vs. +/+. However, NH4Cl loading elicited adaptive doubling of AE1 mRNA in GPR4+/+, but a 50% less pronounced response in GPR4−/−. In GPR4+/+, NH4Cl loading evoked a cellular response characterized by an increase in AE1-labeled and a decrease in pendrin-labeled ICs similar to what was reported in rabbits and rats. This response did not occur in GPR4−/−. Microperfusion experiments demonstrated that the activity of the basolateral Cl−/HCO3− exchanger, kAE1, in CDs isolated from GPR4−/− failed to increase with NH4Cl loading, in contrast to the increase observed in GPR4+/+. Therefore, the deficiency of GPR4 blunted, but did not eliminate the adaptive response to an acid load, suggesting a compensatory response from other pH/CO2/bicarbonate sensors. Indeed, the expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was nearly doubled in GPR4−/− kidneys, in the absence of apparent disturbances of Ca2+ homeostasis. In summary, the expression and activity of the key transport proteins in GPR4−/− mice are consistent with spontaneous metabolic acidosis, but the adaptive response to a superimposed exogenous acid load is blunted and might be partially compensated for by CaSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Lisa Stephens
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Thomas D. DuBose
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Snezana Petrovic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
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Grimm PR, Lazo-Fernandez Y, Delpire E, Wall SM, Dorsey SG, Weinman EJ, Coleman R, Wade JB, Welling PA. Integrated compensatory network is activated in the absence of NCC phosphorylation. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:2136-50. [PMID: 25893600 DOI: 10.1172/jci78558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazide diuretics are used to treat hypertension; however, compensatory processes in the kidney can limit antihypertensive responses to this class of drugs. Here, we evaluated compensatory pathways in SPAK kinase-deficient mice, which are unable to activate the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter NCC (encoded by Slc12a3). Global transcriptional profiling, combined with biochemical, cell biological, and physiological phenotyping, identified the gene expression signature of the response and revealed how it establishes an adaptive physiology. Salt reabsorption pathways were created by the coordinate induction of a multigene transport system, involving solute carriers (encoded by Slc26a4, Slc4a8, and Slc4a9), carbonic anhydrase isoforms, and V-type H⁺-ATPase subunits in pendrin-positive intercalated cells (PP-ICs) and ENaC subunits in principal cells (PCs). A distal nephron remodeling process and induction of jagged 1/NOTCH signaling, which expands the cortical connecting tubule with PCs and replaces acid-secreting α-ICs with PP-ICs, were partly responsible for the compensation. Salt reabsorption was also activated by induction of an α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) paracrine signaling system. Coordinate regulation of a multigene α-KG synthesis and transport pathway resulted in α-KG secretion into pro-urine, as the α-KG-activated GPCR (Oxgr1) increased on the PP-IC apical surface, allowing paracrine delivery of α-KG to stimulate salt transport. Identification of the integrated compensatory NaCl reabsorption mechanisms provides insight into thiazide diuretic efficacy.
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Selective dicer suppression in the kidney alters GSK3β/β-catenin pathways promoting a glomerulocystic disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119142. [PMID: 25799508 PMCID: PMC4370407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicer is a crucial enzyme for the maturation of miRNAs. Mutations in the Dicer gene are highly associated with Pleuro Pulmonary Blastoma-Family Dysplasia Syndrome (PPB-FDS, OMIM 601200), recently proposed to be renamed Dicer syndrome. Aside from the pulmonary phenotype (blastoma), renal nephroma and thyroid goiter are frequently part of Dicer syndrome. To investigate the renal phenotype, conditional knockout (cKO) mice for Dicer in Pax8 expressing cells were generated. Dicer cKO mice progressively develop a glomerulocystic phenotype coupled with urinary concentration impairment, proteinuria and severe renal failure. Higher cellular turnover of the parietal cells of Bowman's capsule precedes the development of the cysts and the primary cilium progressively disappears with cyst-enlargement. Upregulation of GSK3β precedes the development of the glomerulocystic phenotype. Downregulation of β-catenin in the renal cortex and its cytosolic removal in the cells lining the cysts may be associated with observed accumulation of GSK3β. Alterations of β-catenin regulating pathways could promote cystic degeneration as in other models. Thus, miRNAs are fundamental in preserving renal morphology and function. Alteration of the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway could be a crucial mechanism linking miRNA dysregulation and the development of a glomerulocystic disease.
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Chronic Kidney Disease in Lithium-Treated Older Adults: A Review of Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Implications for the Treatment of Late-Life Mood Disorders. Drugs Aging 2014; 32:31-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s40266-014-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Weiner ID, Leader JP, Bedford JJ, Verlander JW, Ellis G, Kalita P, Vos F, de Jong S, Walker RJ. Effects of chronic lithium administration on renal acid excretion in humans and rats. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/12/e12242. [PMID: 25501430 PMCID: PMC4332220 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium therapy's most common side effects affecting the kidney are nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and chronic kidney disease. Lithium may also induce a distal renal tubular acidosis. This study investigated the effect of chronic lithium exposure on renal acid–base homeostasis, with emphasis on ammonia and citrate excretion. We compared 11 individuals on long‐term lithium therapy with six healthy individuals. Under basal conditions, lithium‐treated individuals excreted significantly more urinary ammonia than did control subjects. Following an acute acid load, urinary ammonia excretion increased approximately twofold above basal rates in both lithium‐treated and control humans. There were no significant differences between lithium‐treated and control subjects in urinary pH or urinary citrate excretion. To elucidate possible mechanisms, rats were randomized to diets containing lithium or regular diet for 6 months. Similar to humans, basal ammonia excretion was significantly higher in lithium‐treated rats; in addition, urinary citrate excretion was also significantly greater. There were no differences in urinary pH. Expression of the critical ammonia transporter, Rhesus C Glycoprotein (Rhcg), was substantially greater in lithium‐treated rats than in control rats. We conclude that chronic lithium exposure increases renal ammonia excretion through mechanisms independent of urinary pH and likely to involve increased collecting duct ammonia secretion via the ammonia transporter, Rhcg. This study investigated the effect of chronic lithium exposure on renal acid–base homeostasis, with emphasis on ammonia and citrate excretion. Chronic lithium exposure increases renal ammonia excretion through mechanisms independent of urinary pH and likely to involve increased collecting duct ammonia secretion via the ammonia transporter, Rhcg.
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Affiliation(s)
- I David Weiner
- Nephrology and Hypertension Section, NF/SGVHS, Gainesville, Florida Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - John P Leader
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Jill W Verlander
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gaye Ellis
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Priyakshi Kalita
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Frederiek Vos
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sylvia de Jong
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert J Walker
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Trepiccione F, Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Poulsen SB, Capasso G, Nielsen S, Knepper MA, Fenton RA, Christensen BM. Early targets of lithium in rat kidney inner medullary collecting duct include p38 and ERK1/2. Kidney Int 2014; 86:757-67. [PMID: 24786704 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Almost half of patients receiving lithium salts have nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Chronic lithium exposure induces AQP2 downregulation and changes in the cellular composition of the collecting duct. In order to understand these pathophysiological events, we determined the earliest lithium targets in rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) by examining changes in the IMCD phosphoproteome after acute lithium administration. IMCDs were isolated 9 h after lithium exposure, a time when urinary concentrating impairment was evident. We found 1093 unique phosphopeptides corresponding to 492 phosphoproteins identified and quantified by mass spectrometry. Label-free quantification identified 152 upregulated and 56 downregulated phosphopeptides in response to lithium. Bioinformatic analysis highlighted several signaling proteins including MAP kinases and cell-junction proteins. The majority of the upregulated phosphopeptides contained a proline-directed motif, a known target of MAPK. Four hours after lithium exposure, phosphorylation sites in the activation loops of ERK1/2 and p38 were upregulated. Increased expression of phospho-Ser261-AQP2 (proline-directed motif) was concomitant with the increase in urine output. Pretreatment with MAPK inhibitors reversed the increased Ser261-AQP2 phosphorylation. Thus, in IMCD, ERK1/2 and p38 are early targets of lithium and may play a role in the onset of lithium-induced polyuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trepiccione
- 1] Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark [2] Division of Nephrology, Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- 1] Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA [2] Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jason D Hoffert
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Søren B Poulsen
- Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A Fenton
- Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Birgitte M Christensen
- Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Velásquez-Jones L, Medeiros-Domingo M. [Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus]. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2014; 71:332-338. [PMID: 29421628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-diuretic hormone arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is released from the pituitary and regulates water reabsorption in the principal cells of the kidney collecting duct. Binding of AVP to the arginine-vasopressin receptor type-2 in the basolateral membrane leads to translocation of aquaporin-2 water channels to the apical membrane of the principal cells of the collecting duct, inducing water permeability of the membrane. This results in water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the nephron following an osmotic gradient. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by partial or complete renal resistance to the effects of AVP. Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a disorder associated with mutations in either the AVPR2 or AQP2 gene, causing the inability of patients to concentrate their urine. Acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can be caused by electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypercalcemia, hypokalemia), renal/extra-renal diseases and drugs (e.g., lithium toxicity). This article reviews the causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Based on more in-depth mechanistic understanding, new therapeutic strategies are current being explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Velásquez-Jones
- Departamento de Nefrología Dr. Gustavo Gordillo Paniagua, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México, D.F., México.
| | - Mara Medeiros-Domingo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nefrología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México, D.F., México
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