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Pajvani UB, Shawber CJ, Samuel VT, Birkenfeld AL, Shulman GI, Kitajewski J, Accili D. Author Correction: Inhibition of Notch signaling ameliorates insulin resistance in a FoxO1-dependent manner. Nat Med 2024; 30:604. [PMID: 38041001 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Varman T Samuel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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2
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Jiang Z, Waterbury QT, Malagola E, Fu N, Kim W, Ochiai Y, Wu F, Guha C, Shawber CJ, Yan KS, Wang TC. Microbial-Dependent Recruitment of Immature Myeloid Cells Promotes Intestinal Regeneration. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:321-346. [PMID: 37898454 PMCID: PMC10821484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The intestinal epithelium functions both in nutrient absorption and as a barrier, separating the luminal contents from a network of vascular, fibroblastic, and immune cells underneath. After injury to the intestine, multiple cell populations cooperate to drive regeneration of the mucosal barrier, including lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). A population of granulocytic immature myeloid cells (IMCs), marked by Hdc, participate in regeneration of multiple organs such as the colon and central nervous system, and their contribution to intestinal regeneration was investigated. METHODS By using male and female histidine decarboxylase (Hdc) green fluorescent reporter (GFP) mice, we investigated the role of Hdc+ IMCs in intestinal regeneration after exposure to 12 Gy whole-body irradiation. The movement of IMCs was analyzed using flow cytometry and immunostaining. Ablation of Hdc+ cells using the HdcCreERT2 tamoxifen-inducible recombinase Cre system, conditional knockout of Prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase 2 (Ptgs2) in Hdc+ cells using HdcCre; Ptgs2 floxed mice, and visualization of LECs using Prox1tdTomato mice also was performed. The role of microbial signals was investigated by knocking down mice gut microbiomes using antibiotic cocktail gavages. RESULTS We found that Hdc+ IMCs infiltrate the injured intestine after irradiation injury and promote epithelial regeneration in part by modulating LEC activity. Hdc+ IMCs express Ptgs2 (encoding cyclooxygenase-2/COX-2), and enables them to produce prostaglandin E2. Prostaglandin E2 acts on the prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 receptor (EP4) on LECs to promote lymphangiogenesis and induce the expression of proregenerative factors including R-spondin 3. Depletion of gut microbes leads to reduced intestinal regeneration by impaired recruitment of IMCs. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results unveil a critical role for IMCs in intestinal repair by modulating LEC activity and implicate gut microbes as mediators of intestinal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Jiang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Quin T Waterbury
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ermanno Malagola
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Na Fu
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Woosook Kim
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yosuke Ochiai
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Feijing Wu
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kelley S Yan
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Sun RW, Zhang H, Mehdi SJ, Richter GT, Bowman HH, Sifford J, Smith C, Burnett AK, Layman A, Washam CL, Byrum SD, Bennett JT, Jensen DM, Dmyterko V, Perkins JA, Shawber CJ, Wu JK, Strub GM. Upregulated MicroRNA-21 Drives the Proliferation of Lymphatic Malformation Endothelial Cells by Inhibiting PDCD4. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2085-2089.e1. [PMID: 37088278 PMCID: PMC10524134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi W Sun
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Haihong Zhang
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Syed J Mehdi
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Gresham T Richter
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Hayden H Bowman
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jessica Sifford
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Chelsea Smith
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Alexander Layman
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Charity L Washam
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - James T Bennett
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dana M Jensen
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Victoria Dmyterko
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jonathan A Perkins
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - June K Wu
- Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Graham M Strub
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute (ACRI), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
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Clapp A, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. Pathophysiology of Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations: Current Understanding and Unanswered Questions. J Vasc Anom (Phila) 2023; 4:e069. [PMID: 37662560 PMCID: PMC10473035 DOI: 10.1097/jova.0000000000000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Slow-flow vascular malformations include venous, lymphatic, and lymphaticovenous malformations. Recent studies have linked genetic variants hyperactivating either the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and/or RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathways with slow-flow vascular malformation development, leading to the use of pharmacotherapies such as sirolimus and alpelisib. It is important that clinicians understand basic and translational research advances in slow-flow vascular malformations. Methods A literature review of basic science publications in slow-flow vascular malformations was performed on Pubmed, using search terms "venous malformation," "lymphatic malformation," "lymphaticovenous malformation," "genetic variant," "genetic mutation," "endothelial cells," and "animal model." Relevant publications were reviewed and summarized. Results The study of patient tissues and the use of primary pathogenic endothelial cells from vascular malformations shed light on their pathological behaviors, such as endothelial cell hyperproliferation and disruptions in vessel architecture. The use of xenograft and transgenic animal models confirmed the pathogenicity of genetic variants and allowed for preclinical testing of potential therapies. These discoveries underscore the importance of basic and translational research in understanding the pathophysiology of vascular malformations, which will allow for the development of improved biologically targeted treatments. Conclusion Despite basic and translation advances, a cure for slow-flow vascular malformations remains elusive. Many questions remain unanswered, including how genotype variants result in phenotypes, and genotype-phenotype heterogeneity. Continued research into venous and lymphatic malformation pathobiology is critical in understanding the mechanisms by which genetic variants contribute to vascular malformation phenotypic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Averill Clapp
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - June K. Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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5
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Rogerson D, Alkelai A, Giordano J, Pantrangi M, Hsiao MC, Nhan-Chang CL, Motelow JE, Aggarwal V, Goldstein D, Wapner R, Shawber CJ. Investigation into the genetics of fetal congenital lymphatic anomalies. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:703-716. [PMID: 36959127 PMCID: PMC10330091 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital lymphatic anomalies (LAs) arise due to defects in lymphatic development and often present in utero as pleural effusion, chylothorax, nuchal and soft tissue edema, ascites, or hydrops. Many LAs are caused by single nucleotide variants, which are not detected on routine prenatal testing. METHODS Demographic data were compared between two subcohorts, those with clinically significant fetal edema (CSFE) and isolated fetal edema. A targeted variant analysis of LA genes was performed using American College of Medical Genetics criteria on whole exome sequencing (WES) data generated for 71 fetal edema cases who remained undiagnosed after standard workup. RESULTS CSFE cases had poor outcomes, including preterm delivery, demise, and maternal preeclampsia. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were identified in 7% (5/71) of cases, including variants in RASopathy genes, RASA1, SOS1, PTPN11, and a novel PIEZO1 variant. Variants of uncertain significance (VOUS) were identified in 45% (32/71) of cases. In CSFEs, VOUS were found in CELSR1, EPHB4, TIE1, PIEZO1, ITGA9, RASopathy genes, SOS1, SOS2, and RAF1. CONCLUSIONS WES identified pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants and VOUS in LA genes in 51% of fetal edema cases, supporting WES and expanded hydrops panels in cases of idiopathic fetal hydrops and fluid collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Rogerson
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Alkelai
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Giordano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Madhulatha Pantrangi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Meng-Chang Hsiao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Nhan-Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua E. Motelow
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians andSurgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vimla Aggarwal
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ron Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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6
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Jiang Z, Waterbury QT, Fu N, Kim W, Malagola E, Guha C, Shawber CJ, Yan KS, Wang TC. Immature myeloid cells are indispensable for intestinal regeneration post irradiation injury. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.28.530500. [PMID: 36909592 PMCID: PMC10002743 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium functions both in nutrient absorption and as a barrier, separating the luminal contents from a network of vascular, fibroblastic, and immune cells underneath. Following injury to the intestine, multiple different cell populations cooperate to drive regeneration of the mucosa. Immature myeloid cells (IMCs), marked by histidine decarboxylase ( Hdc ), participate in regeneration of multiple organs such as the colon and central nervous system. Here, we found that IMCs infiltrate the injured intestine and promote epithelial regeneration and modulate LEC activity. IMCs produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which promotes LEC lymphangiogenesis and upregulation of pro-regenerative factors including RSPO3. Moreover, we found that IMC recruitment into the intestine is driven by invading microbial signals. Accordingly, antibiotic eradication of the intestinal microbiome prior to WB-IR inhibits IMC recruitment, and consequently, intestinal recovery. We propose that IMCs play a critical role in intestinal repair and implicate gut microbes as mediators of intestinal regeneration.
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7
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Handal-Orefice R, Midura D, Wu JK, Parravicini E, Miller RS, Shawber CJ. Propranolol Therapy for Congenital Chylothorax. Pediatrics 2023; 151:190476. [PMID: 36651059 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-058555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital chylothorax is a rare and often severe anomaly without well-established medical therapies. Previously, propranolol use in patients with lymphatic malformations and secondary chylothorax was associated with improvement in clinical signs. We hypothesized that propranolol treatment would be beneficial for severe congenital chylothorax. We reviewed medical records of neonates born from 2015 to 2019 at our tertiary center with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital chylothorax for whom either prenatal or postnatal propranolol therapy was initiated. Inclusion was limited to fetuses diagnosed with severe congenital chylothorax without significant genetic, infectious, or cardiac anomalies, and who underwent prenatal interventions to mitigate consequences of the condition. Propranolol was administered orally to pregnant women at 20 mg 4 times daily and increased to a maximum dose of 40 mg 4 times daily, or to infants at 0.3 mg/kg/d and increased to 1 to 2 mg/kg/d. Primary outcomes were the time course of resolution of ultrasonographical, clinical, and/or radiologic signs of chylothorax after treatment with propranolol. Four neonates met the inclusion criteria. In 2 cases, prenatal initiation of propranolol led to resolution of the chylothoraxes before delivery (38 and 32 days after treatment) on a dose of 40 mg/day 4 times daily. Neonates had a normal postnatal course. Postnatal propranolol was initiated in 2 neonates with respiratory failure when chylothoraces were refractory to standard management. Stabilization and improvement of their pleural effusion was observed by imaging at 29 and 13 days after initiation of propranolol. There were no significant maternal or neonatal complications from prenatal or postnatal propranolol use. Propranolol may be efficacious in treating severe fetal congenital chylothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devin Midura
- Surgery.,Contributed equally as co-first authors
| | | | - Elvira Parravicini
- Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, New York
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8
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Saeki K, Qiu W, Friedman RA, Pan S, Lu J, Ichimiya S, Chio IIC, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski J, Hu J, Su GH. Inactivation of Notch4 Attenuated Pancreatic Tumorigenesis in Mice. Cancer Res Commun 2022; 2:1601-1616. [PMID: 36970723 PMCID: PMC10035463 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the Notch family of receptors is often upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, we focused on Notch4, which had not been investigated in PDAC. We generated KC (LSL-KrasG12D;p48-Cre), N4 - / - KC (Notch4- / -;LSL-KrasG12D;p48-Cre), PKC (p16fl/fl;LSL-KrasG12D;p48-Cre), and N4 - / - PKC (Notch4-/ -; p16fl/f l;LSL-KrasG12D;p48-Cre) genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM). We performed caerulein treatment in both KC and N4 - / - KC mice, and the development of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions were significantly diminished in the N4 - / - KC than in the KC GEMM (P = 0.01). This in vivo result was validated by in vitro ADM induction of the explant cultures of pancreatic acinar cells from the N4 - / - KC and KC mice (P < 0.001), confirming that Notch4 is an important contributor to early pancreatic tumorigenesis. To evaluate the role of Notch4 in the later stage of pancreatic tumorigenesis, we compared the PKC and N4 - / - PKC mice. The N4 - / - PKC mice had better overall survival (P = 0.012) and significantly reduced tumor burden (PanIN: P = 0.018 at 2 months, PDAC: P = 0.039 at 5 months) compared with the PKC GEMM. RNA-sequencing analysis of pancreatic tumor cell lines derived from the PKC and N4 - / - PKC GEMMs revealed that 408 genes were differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05) and Pcsk5 is a potential downstream effector of the Notch4 signaling pathway (P < 0.001). Low expression of Pcsk5 positively correlates with good survival in patients with PDAC (P = 0.028). We have identified a novel role for Notch4 signaling with tumor-promoting function in pancreatic tumorigenesis. Our study also uncovered a novel association between Pcsk5 and Notch4 signaling in PDAC. Significance We demonstrated that global inactivation of Notch4 significantly improved the survival of an aggressive mouse model for PDAC and provided preclinical evidence that Notch4 and Pcsk5 are novel targets for PDAC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Saeki
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wanglong Qiu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard A. Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Samuel Pan
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jordan Lu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Shu Ichimiya
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Iok In Christine Chio
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Deparments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Gloria H. Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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9
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Muley A, Kim Uh M, Salazar-De Simone G, Swaminathan B, James JM, Murtomaki A, Youn SW, McCarron JD, Kitajewski C, Gnarra Buethe M, Riitano G, Mukouyama YS, Kitajewski J, Shawber CJ. Unique functions for Notch4 in murine embryonic lymphangiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2021; 25:205-224. [PMID: 34665379 PMCID: PMC9054879 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In mice, embryonic dermal lymphatic development is well understood and used to study gene functions in lymphangiogenesis. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that modulates cell fate decisions, which has been shown to both inhibit and promote dermal lymphangiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate distinct roles for Notch4 signaling versus canonical Notch signaling in embryonic dermal lymphangiogenesis. Actively growing embryonic dermal lymphatics expressed NOTCH1, NOTCH4, and DLL4 which correlated with Notch activity. In lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), DLL4 activation of Notch induced a subset of Notch effectors and lymphatic genes, which were distinctly regulated by Notch1 and Notch4 activation. Treatment of LECs with VEGF-A or VEGF-C upregulated Dll4 transcripts and differentially and temporally regulated the expression of Notch1 and Hes/Hey genes. Mice nullizygous for Notch4 had an increase in the closure of the lymphangiogenic fronts which correlated with reduced vessel caliber in the maturing lymphatic plexus at E14.5 and reduced branching at E16.5. Activation of Notch4 suppressed LEC migration in a wounding assay significantly more than Notch1, suggesting a dominant role for Notch4 in regulating LEC migration. Unlike Notch4 nulls, inhibition of canonical Notch signaling by expressing a dominant negative form of MAML1 (DNMAML) in Prox1+ LECs led to increased lymphatic density consistent with an increase in LEC proliferation, described for the loss of LEC Notch1. Moreover, loss of Notch4 did not affect LEC canonical Notch signaling. Thus, we propose that Notch4 signaling and canonical Notch signaling have distinct functions in the coordination of embryonic dermal lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Muley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Minji Kim Uh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Bhairavi Swaminathan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jennifer M James
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Neuro-Vascular Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aino Murtomaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu, 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seock Won Youn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Joseph D McCarron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chris Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Maria Gnarra Buethe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gloria Riitano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Yoh-Suke Mukouyama
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Neuro-Vascular Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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10
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Corda R, Chrisomalis-Dring S, Crook S, Shawber CJ, Wu JK, Chai PJ. Propranolol treatment for chylothorax after congenital cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 163:1630-1641.e2. [PMID: 34583843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative chylothorax causes significant morbidities in pediatric patients with cardiac disease. New treatment approaches based on evolving understanding of underlying lymphatic dysfunction are being developed. We hypothesized that propranolol reduces morbidities and duration of chest tube requirement in high-output chylous effusion. METHODS The postoperative courses of 50 pediatric patients with cardiac disease and high-output chylous effusion (control, n = 25; propranolol-treated, n = 25) were reviewed, including morbidities, length of hospitalization, and duration of chest tube requirement. Statistical analysis was performed using Welch's t test, Kruskal-Wallis tests for continuous variables, and chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables. Univariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors of response. RESULTS Propranolol response was defined as 80% or more drainage reduction in 9 days or less. Treated patients were grouped into responders (<9 days) and nonresponders (>10 days). Neither initial amount of drainage (P = .12) nor day of propranolol initiation (P = .17) correlated with response. When compared with controls and nonresponders, responders had significantly fewer days with chest tube requirement (P < .01), infection (P < .0002), and thrombus (P = .005), and shorter hospitalization (P < .05). All patients had low serum albumin, although nonresponders had significantly decreased serum albumin when compared with responders and control patients (P < .002), and were more likely to receive albumin replacement (P < .01). Malnutrition was prevalent in all patient groups. CONCLUSIONS Responders to propranolol had significantly less morbidity and duration of chest tube requirement when compared with control patients and nonresponders. Nonresponders did not have worse outcomes than control patients. We conclude that propranolol may be an effective treatment of patients with refractory chylothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozelle Corda
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
| | - Sophia Chrisomalis-Dring
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Sarah Crook
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Division of Reproductive Science, Department of Ob/Gyn and Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - June K Wu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Paul J Chai
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Now with Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
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11
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Mourad M, Jacob T, Sadovsky E, Bejerano S, Simone GSD, Bagalkot TR, Zucker J, Yin MT, Chang JY, Liu L, Debelenko L, Shawber CJ, Firestein M, Ouyang Y, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Penn A, Sorkin A, Wapner R, Sadovsky Y. Placental response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14390. [PMID: 34257394 PMCID: PMC8277865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected people at all ages. Whereas pregnant women seemed to have a worse course of disease than age-matched non-pregnant women, the risk of feto-placental infection is low. Using a cohort of 66 COVID-19-positive women in late pregnancy, we correlated clinical parameters with disease severity, placental histopathology, and the expression of viral entry and Interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) antiviral transcripts. All newborns were negative for SARS-CoV-2. None of the demographic parameters or placental histopathological characteristics were associated with disease severity. The fetal-maternal transfer ratio for IgG against the N or S viral proteins was commonly less than one, as recently reported. We found that the expression level of placental ACE2, but not TMPRSS2 or Furin, was higher in women with severe COVID-19. Placental expression of IFITM1 and IFITM3, which have been implicated in antiviral response, was higher in participants with severe disease. We also showed that IFITM3 protein expression, which localized to early and late endosomes, was enhanced in severe COVID-19. Our data suggest an association between disease severity and placental SARS-CoV-2 processing and antiviral pathways, implying a role for these proteins in placental response to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Mourad
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taylor Jacob
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Shai Bejerano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Glicella Salazar-De Simone
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jason Zucker
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael T Yin
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Chang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Larisa Debelenko
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Morgan Firestein
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Penn
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Sorkin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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12
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Schonning MJ, Koh S, Sun RW, Richter GT, Edwards AK, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. Venous malformation vessels are improperly specified and hyperproliferative. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252342. [PMID: 34043714 PMCID: PMC8158993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous malformations (VMs) are slow-flow malformations of the venous vasculature and are the most common type of vascular malformation with a prevalence of 1%. Germline and somatic mutations have been shown to contribute to VM pathogenesis, but how these mutations affect VM pathobiology is not well understood. The goal of this study was to characterize VM endothelial and mural cell expression by performing a comprehensive expression analysis of VM vasculature. VM specimens (n = 16) were stained for pan-endothelial, arterial, venous, and endothelial progenitor cell proteins; proliferation was assessed with KI67. Endothelial cells in the VM vessels were abnormally orientated and improperly specified, as seen by the misexpression of both arterial and endothelial cell progenitor proteins not observed in control vessels. Consistent with arterialization of the endothelial cells, VM vessels were often surrounded by multiple layers of disorganized mural cells. VM endothelium also had a significant increase in proliferative endothelial cells, which may contribute to the dilated channels seen in VMs. Together the expression analysis indicates that the VM endothelium is misspecified and hyperproliferative, suggesting that VMs are biologically active lesions, consistent with clinical observations of VM progression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Schonning
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Seung Koh
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ravi W. Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Gresham T. Richter
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Andrew K. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - June K. Wu
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Perlman BE, Merriam AA, Lemenze A, Zhao Q, Begum S, Nair M, Wu T, Wapner RJ, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Douglas NC. Implications for preeclampsia: hypoxia-induced Notch promotes trophoblast migration. Reproduction 2021; 161:681-696. [PMID: 33784241 PMCID: PMC8403268 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the first trimester of human pregnancy, low oxygen tension or hypoxia is essential for proper placentation and placenta function. Low oxygen levels and activation of signaling pathways have been implicated as critical mediators in the promotion of trophoblast differentiation, migration, and invasion with inappropriate changes in oxygen tension and aberrant Notch signaling both individually reported as causative to abnormal placentation. Despite crosstalk between hypoxia and Notch signaling in multiple cell types, the relationship between hypoxia and Notch in first trimester trophoblast function is not understood. To determine how a low oxygen environment impacts Notch signaling and cellular motility, we utilized the human first trimester trophoblast cell line, HTR-8/SVneo. Gene set enrichment and ontology analyses identified pathways involved in angiogenesis, Notch and cellular migration as upregulated in HTR-8/SVneo cells exposed to hypoxic conditions. DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor that inhibits Notch activation, was used to interrogate the crosstalk between Notch and hypoxia pathways in HTR-8/SVneo cells. We found that hypoxia requires Notch activation to mediate HTR-8/SVneo cell migration, but not invasion. To determine if our in vitro findings were associated with preeclampsia, we analyzed the second trimester chorionic villous sampling (CVS) samples and third trimester placentas. We found a significant decrease in expression of migration and invasion genes in CVS from preeclamptic pregnancies and significantly lower levels of JAG1 in placentas from pregnancies with early-onset preeclampsia with severe features. Our data support a role for Notch in mediating hypoxia-induced trophoblast migration, which may contribute to preeclampsia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry E Perlman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Audrey A. Merriam
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexander Lemenze
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Qingshi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Salma Begum
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mohan Nair
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tracy Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ronald J. Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan K. Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nataki C. Douglas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
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14
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Kunze B, Wein F, Fang HY, Anand A, Baumeister T, Strangmann J, Gerland S, Ingermann J, Münch NS, Wiethaler M, Sahm V, Hidalgo-Sastre A, Lange S, Lightdale CJ, Bokhari A, Falk GW, Friedman RA, Ginsberg GG, Iyer PG, Jin Z, Nakagawa H, Shawber CJ, Nguyen T, Raab WJ, Dalerba P, Rustgi AK, Sepulveda AR, Wang KK, Schmid RM, Wang TC, Abrams JA, Quante M. Notch Signaling Mediates Differentiation in Barrett's Esophagus and Promotes Progression to Adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:575-590. [PMID: 32325086 PMCID: PMC7484392 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Studies are needed to determine the mechanism by which Barrett's esophagus (BE) progresses to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Notch signaling maintains stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract and is dysregulated during carcinogenesis. We explored the relationship between Notch signaling and goblet cell maturation, a feature of BE, during EAC pathogenesis. METHODS We measured goblet cell density and levels of Notch messenger RNAs in BE tissues from 164 patients, with and without dysplasia or EAC, enrolled in a multicenter study. We analyzed the effects of conditional expression of an activated form of NOTCH2 (pL2.Lgr5.N2IC), conditional deletion of NOTCH2 (pL2.Lgr5.N2fl/fl), or loss of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (pL2.Lgr5.p65fl/fl), in Lgr5+ (progenitor) cells in L2-IL1B mice (which overexpress interleukin 1 beta in esophagus and squamous forestomach and are used as a model of BE). We collected esophageal and stomach tissues and performed histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, transcriptome, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. Cardia and forestomach tissues from mice were cultured as organoids and incubated with inhibitors of Notch or NF-kB. RESULTS Progression of BE to EAC was associated with a significant reduction in goblet cell density comparing nondysplastic regions of tissues from patients; there was an inverse correlation between goblet cell density and levels of NOTCH3 and JAG2 messenger RNA. In mice, expression of the activated intracellular form of NOTCH2 in Lgr5+ cells reduced goblet-like cell maturation, increased crypt fission, and accelerated the development of tumors in the squamocolumnar junction. Mice with deletion of NOTCH2 from Lgr5+ cells had increased maturation of goblet-like cells, reduced crypt fission, and developed fewer tumors. Esophageal tissues from in pL2.Lgr5.N2IC mice had increased levels of RelA (which encodes the p65 unit of NF-κB) compared to tissues from L2-IL1B mice, and we found evidence of increased NF-κB activity in Lgr5+ cells. Esophageal tissues from pL2.Lgr5.p65fl/fl mice had lower inflammation and metaplasia scores than pL2.Lgr5.N2IC mice. In organoids derived from pL2-IL1B mice, the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 reduced cell survival and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Notch signaling contributes to activation of NF-κB and regulates differentiation of gastric cardia progenitor cells in a mouse model of BE. In human esophageal tissues, progression of BE to EAC was associated with reduced goblet cell density and increased levels of Notch expression. Strategies to block this pathway might be developed to prevent EAC in patients with BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Kunze
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frederik Wein
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hsin-Yu Fang
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Akanksha Anand
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Baumeister
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Strangmann
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Gerland
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Ingermann
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Maria Wiethaler
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincenz Sahm
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Hidalgo-Sastre
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lange
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Charles J Lightdale
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Aqiba Bokhari
- Yosemite Pathology Medical Group, Modesto, California
| | - Gary W Falk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Gregory G Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Prasad G Iyer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zhezhen Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - TheAnh Nguyen
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - William J Raab
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Piero Dalerba
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Antonia R Sepulveda
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth K Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Roland M Schmid
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Julian A Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York.
| | - Michael Quante
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Ruscitto A, Scarpa V, Morel M, Pylawka S, Shawber CJ, Embree MC. Notch Regulates Fibrocartilage Stem Cell Fate and Is Upregulated in Inflammatory TMJ Arthritis. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1174-1181. [PMID: 32442041 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520924656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway is critical for the development of the extracellular matrix in cartilage by regulating both anabolic and catabolic cellular activities. Similarly, Notch signaling plays a biphasic role in adult cartilage health and osteoarthritis by maintaining homeostasis and contributing to degeneration, respectively. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the synovial joint of the craniofacial complex and is subject to injury and osteoarthritis. While Notch has been studied in axial skeletal joints, little is known about the role of Notch in TMJ development and disease. We identified fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) localized within the TMJ condyle superficial zone niche that regenerate cartilage and repair joint injury. Here we investigate the role of Notch in regulating TMJ development and FCSC fate. Using a Notch reporter mouse, we discovered FCSCs localized within the TMJ superficial niche exhibit Notch activity during TMJ morphogenesis. We further showed that constitutively activating Notch promotes FCSC differentiation toward both cartilage and bone lineages, but inhibits adipogenesis. Using a TNF-α-induced TMJ inflammatory arthritis mouse model, we found that the expression of Notch receptors and ligands are upregulated and coupled with cells undergoing cartilage to bone transdifferentiation, which may contribute to TMJ pathogenesis. We also discovered that global Notch inhibition reduces osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of FCSCs. Together, these findings suggest that Notch is critical for FCSC fate specification and TMJ homeostasis, and reveal that inhibition of the Notch pathway may be a new therapeutic target for treating TMJ osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruscitto
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Scarpa
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Morel
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Pylawka
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C J Shawber
- Department of OB/GYN, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M C Embree
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Ruscitto A, Morel MM, Shawber CJ, Reeve G, Lecholop MK, Bonthius D, Yao H, Embree MC. Evidence of vasculature and chondrocyte to osteoblast transdifferentiation in craniofacial synovial joints: Implications for osteoarthritis diagnosis and therapy. FASEB J 2020; 34:4445-4461. [PMID: 32030828 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902287r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) leads to permanent cartilage destruction, jaw dysfunction, and compromises the quality of life. However, the pathological mechanisms governing TMJ OA are poorly understood. Unlike appendicular articular cartilage, the TMJ has two distinct functions as the synovial joint of the craniofacial complex and also as the site for endochondral jaw bone growth. The established dogma of endochondral bone ossification is that hypertrophic chondrocytes undergo apoptosis, while invading vasculature with osteoprogenitors replace cartilage with bone. However, contemporary murine genetic studies support the direct differentiation of chondrocytes into osteoblasts and osteocytes in the TMJ. Here we sought to characterize putative vasculature and cartilage to bone transdifferentiation using healthy and diseased TMJ tissues from miniature pigs and humans. During endochondral ossification, the presence of fully formed vasculature expressing CD31+ endothelial cells and α-SMA+ vascular smooth muscle cells were detected within all cellular zones in growing miniature pigs. Arterial, endothelial, venous, angiogenic, and mural cell markers were significantly upregulated in miniature pig TMJ tissues relative to donor matched knee meniscus fibrocartilage tissue. Upon surgically creating TMJ OA in miniature pigs, we discovered increased vasculature and putative chondrocyte to osteoblast transformation dually marked by COL2 and BSP or RUNX2 within the vascular bundles. Pathological human TMJ tissues also exhibited increased vasculature, while isolated diseased human TMJ cells exhibited marked increased in vasculature markers relative to control 293T cells. Our study provides evidence to suggest that the TMJ in higher order species are in fact vascularized. There have been no reports of cartilage to bone transdifferentiation or vasculature in human-relevant TMJ OA large animal models or in human TMJ tissues and cells. Therefore, these findings may potentially alter the clinical management of TMJ OA by defining new drugs that target angiogenesis or block the cartilage to bone transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ruscitto
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mallory M Morel
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of OB/GYN, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Reeve
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York Presbyterian Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael K Lecholop
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Daniel Bonthius
- Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Hai Yao
- Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Greenville, SC, USA.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mildred C Embree
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Shawber CJ, Brown-Grant DA, Wu T, Kitajewski JK, Douglas NC. Dominant-negative inhibition of canonical Notch signaling in trophoblast cells does not disrupt placenta formation. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.037721. [PMID: 30971411 PMCID: PMC6504009 DOI: 10.1242/bio.037721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper development and function of the mammalian placenta requires interactions between embryo-derived trophoblasts and uterine endothelial cells to form mosaic vessels that facilitate blood flow to a developing conceptus. Notch signaling utilizes a cell–cell contact dependent mechanism to drive cell behaviors, such as differentiation and invasion. In mice, Notch2 is needed for proper placentation and embryo survival. We used transgenic mice with a dominant-negative form of Mastermind-like1 and Cyp19-Cre and Tpbpa-Cre drivers to inhibit canonical Notch signaling in trophoblasts. Both Cre drivers resulted in robust placental expression of dominant-negative Mastermind-like1. All pregnancies progressed beyond mid-gestation and morphological analyses of placentas revealed no differences between mutants and controls. Our data suggest that mouse placentation occurs normally despite dominant negative inhibition of trophoblast canonical Notch signaling and that Notch2 signaling via the canonical pathway is not necessary for placentation. Summary: Using transgenic mice with a dominant-negative form of Mastermind-like1 and Cyp19-Cre and Tpbpa-Cre drivers, we found that dominant negative inhibition of canonical Notch signaling in trophoblast cells does not disrupt placenta formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dex-Ann Brown-Grant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tracy Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nataki C Douglas
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Sones JL, Merriam AA, Seffens A, Brown-Grant DA, Butler SD, Zhao AM, Xu X, Shawber CJ, Grenier JK, Douglas NC. Angiogenic factor imbalance precedes complement deposition in placentae of the BPH/5 model of preeclampsia. FASEB J 2018; 32:2574-2586. [PMID: 29279353 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701008r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Although the etiology is unknown, PE is thought to be caused by defective implantation and decidualization in pregnancy. Pregnant blood pressure high (BPH)/5 mice spontaneously develop placentopathies and maternal features of human PE. We hypothesized that BPH/5 implantation sites have transcriptomic alterations. Next-generation RNA sequencing of implantation sites at peak decidualization, embryonic day (E)7.5, revealed complement gene up-regulation in BPH/5 vs. controls. In BPH/5, expression of complement factor 3 was increased around the decidual vasculature of E7.5 implantation sites and in the trophoblast giant cell layer of E10.5 placentae. Altered expression of VEGF pathway genes in E5.5 BPH/5 implantation sites preceded complement dysregulation, which correlated with abnormal vasculature and increased placental growth factor mRNA and VEGF164 expression at E7.5. By E10.5, proangiogenic genes were down-regulated, whereas antiangiogenic sFlt-1 was up-regulated in BPH/5 placentae. We found that early local misexpression of VEGF genes and abnormal decidual vasculature preceded sFlt-1 overexpression and increased complement deposition in BPH/5 placentae. Our findings suggest that abnormal decidual angiogenesis precedes complement activation, which in turn contributes to the aberrant trophoblast invasion and poor placentation that underlie PE.-Sones, J. L., Merriam, A. A., Seffens, A., Brown-Grant, D.-A., Butler, S. D., Zhao, A. M., Xu, X., Shawber, C. J., Grenier, J. K., Douglas, N. C. Angiogenic factor imbalance precedes complement deposition in placentae of the BPH/5 model of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Sones
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Audrey A Merriam
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angelina Seffens
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dex-Ann Brown-Grant
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott D Butler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; and
| | - Anna M Zhao
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xinjing Xu
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer K Grenier
- RNA Sequencing Core, Center for Reproductive Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Nataki C Douglas
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Edwards AK, Glithero K, Grzesik P, Kitajewski AA, Munabi NC, Hardy K, Tan QK, Schonning M, Kangsamaksin T, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. NOTCH3 regulates stem-to-mural cell differentiation in infantile hemangioma. JCI Insight 2017; 2:93764. [PMID: 29093274 PMCID: PMC5752265 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a vascular tumor that begins with rapid vascular proliferation shortly after birth, followed by vascular involution in early childhood. We have found that NOTCH3, a critical regulator of mural cell differentiation and maturation, is expressed in hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs), suggesting that NOTCH3 may function in HemSC-to-mural cell differentiation and pathological vessel stabilization. Here, we demonstrate that NOTCH3 is expressed in NG2+PDGFRβ+ perivascular HemSCs and CD31+GLUT1+ hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs) in proliferating IHs and becomes mostly restricted to the αSMA+NG2loPDGFRβlo mural cells in involuting IHs. NOTCH3 knockdown in HemSCs inhibited in vitro mural cell differentiation and perturbed αSMA expression. In a mouse model of IH, NOTCH3 knockdown or systemic expression of the NOTCH3 inhibitor, NOTCH3 Decoy, significantly decreased IH blood flow, vessel caliber, and αSMA+ perivascular cell coverage. Thus, NOTCH3 is necessary for HemSC-to-mural cell differentiation, and adequate perivascular cell coverage of IH vessels is required for IH vessel stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyle Glithero
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Peter Grzesik
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison A. Kitajewski
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Naikhoba C.O. Munabi
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Krista Hardy
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Qian Kun Tan
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Schonning
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jan K. Kitajewski
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - June K. Wu
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Nathan J, Ruscitto A, Pylawka S, Sohraby A, Shawber CJ, Embree MC. Fibrocartilage Stem Cells Engraft and Self-Organize into Vascularized Bone. J Dent Res 2017; 97:329-337. [PMID: 29020504 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517735094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex, multicellular process that is critical for bone development and generation. Endochondral ossification depends on an avascular cartilage template that completely remodels into vascularized bone and involves a dynamic interplay among chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells. We have discovered fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) derived from the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) mandibular condyle that generates cartilage anlagen, which is subsequently remodeled into vascularized bone using an ectopic transplantation model. Here we explore FCSC and endothelial cell interactions during vascularized bone formation. We found that a single FCSC colony formed transient cartilage and host endothelial cells may participate in bone angiogenesis upon subcutaneous transplantation in a nude mouse. FCSCs produced an abundance of the proangiogenic growth factor vascular endothelial growth factor A and promoted the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using a fibrinogen gel bead angiogenesis assay experiment, FCSC cell feeder layer induced HUVECs to form significantly shorter and less sprouts than D551 fibroblast controls, suggesting that FCSCs may initially inhibit angiogenesis to allow for avascular cartilage formation. Conversely, direct FCSC-HUVEC contact significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of FCSCs. To corroborate this idea, upon transplantation of FCSCs into a bone defect microenvironment, FCSCs engrafted and regenerated intramembranous bone. Taken together, we demonstrate that the interactions between FCSCs and endothelial cells are essential for FCSC-derived vascularized bone formation. A comprehensive understanding of the environmental cues that regulate FCSC fate decisions may contribute to deciphering the mechanisms underlying the role of FCSCs in regulating bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nathan
- 1 TMJ Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Ruscitto
- 1 TMJ Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Pylawka
- 1 TMJ Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Sohraby
- 1 TMJ Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C J Shawber
- 2 Department of OB/GYN, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M C Embree
- 1 TMJ Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Levin HI, Sullivan-Pyke CS, Papaioannou VE, Wapner RJ, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Douglas NC. Dynamic maternal and fetal Notch activity and expression in placentation. Placenta 2017; 55:5-12. [PMID: 28623973 PMCID: PMC5754215 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Murine placentation requires trophoblast Notch2, while the Notch ligand, JAGGED1, is reduced in invasive trophoblasts from women with preeclampsia. However, the placental cells with active Notch signaling and expression of other Notch proteins and ligands in placentation have yet to be defined. We sought to identify endothelial cell and trophoblast subtypes with canonical Notch signaling in the decidua and placenta and correlate this to expression of Notch proteins and ligands. METHODS Notch reporter transgenic mice were used to define canonical Notch activity and immunofluorescence staining performed to characterize expression of Notch1, 2, 3, 4 and ligands, Delta-like 4 (Dll4) and Jagged1 (Jag1) during early placentation and in the mature placenta. RESULTS Notch signaling is active in maternal and fetal endothelial cells and trophoblasts during early placentation and in the mature placenta. Dll4, Jag1, Notch1, and Notch4 are expressed in maternal vasculature in the decidua. Dll4, Jag1 and Notch1 are expressed in fetal vasculature in the labyrinth. Dll4, Notch2 and Notch4 are co-expressed in the ectoplacental cone. Notch2 and Notch4 are expressed in parietal-trophoblast giant cells and junctional zone trophoblasts with active canonical Notch signaling and in labyrinthine syncytiotrophoblasts and sinusoidal-trophoblast giant cells. DISCUSSION Canonical Notch activity and distinct expression patterns for Notch proteins and ligands was evident in endothelium and trophoblasts, suggesting Notch1, Notch2, Notch4, Dll4, and Jag1 have distinct and overlapping functions in placentation. Characterization of Notch signaling defects in existing mouse models of preeclampsia may shed light on the role of Notch in developing the preeclampsia phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather I Levin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chantae S Sullivan-Pyke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Virginia E Papaioannou
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ronald J Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, Room E202, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nataki C Douglas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA.
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22
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Werth M, Schmidt-Ott KM, Leete T, Qiu A, Hinze C, Viltard M, Paragas N, Shawber CJ, Yu W, Lee P, Chen X, Sarkar A, Mu W, Rittenberg A, Lin CS, Kitajewski J, Al-Awqati Q, Barasch J. Transcription factor TFCP2L1 patterns cells in the mouse kidney collecting ducts. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28577314 PMCID: PMC5484618 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most nephron segments contain one type of epithelial cell, the collecting ducts consists of at least two: intercalated (IC) and principal (PC) cells, which regulate acid-base and salt-water homeostasis, respectively. In adult kidneys, these cells are organized in rosettes suggesting functional interactions. Genetic studies in mouse revealed that transcription factor Tfcp2l1 coordinates IC and PC development. Tfcp2l1 induces the expression of IC specific genes, including specific H+-ATPase subunits and Jag1. Jag1 in turn, initiates Notch signaling in PCs but inhibits Notch signaling in ICs. Tfcp2l1 inactivation deletes ICs, whereas Jag1 inactivation results in the forfeiture of discrete IC and PC identities. Thus, Tfcp2l1 is a critical regulator of IC-PC patterning, acting cell-autonomously in ICs, and non-cell-autonomously in PCs. As a result, Tfcp2l1 regulates the diversification of cell types which is the central characteristic of 'salt and pepper' epithelia and distinguishes the collecting duct from all other nephron segments. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24265.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Werth
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Kai M Schmidt-Ott
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Andong Qiu
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Melanie Viltard
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Institute for European Expertise in Physiology, Paris, France
| | - Neal Paragas
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Wenqiang Yu
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Lee
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Xia Chen
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Abby Sarkar
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Weiyi Mu
- Columbia University, New York, United States
| | | | | | - Jan Kitajewski
- Columbia University, New York, United States.,University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
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Qiu W, Suh DD, Tsay NM, Chadi S, Chambers AR, Sims PA, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski J, Remotti HE, Su GH. Abstract A51: Notch4 acts as an oncogenic signal in pancreatic tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca16-a51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Notch signaling network is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway which regulates interactions between adjacent cells. The Notch family receptor and its signaling pathways are involved in the development of numerous tissues in multicellular organisms. Recent studies from our Acvr1bflox/flox;LSL-KrasG12D;Pdx1-Cre mice suggest that Notch4 plays an oncogenic role in dictating cell fate and contributes to pancreatic tumorigenesis, particularly in the development of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucious neoplasms (IPMNs). The perinuclear localization of the activated Notch4 (but not other Notch members) intracellular domain (ICD) in the apical cytoplasm of neoplastic cells appeared to be associated with the expansion of the IPMN lesions. The unique role of Notch4 signaling pathway in IPMN development was also confirmed by unbiased RNA-Seq analyses. The deletion of Notch4 in the p16flox/flox;LSL-KrasG12D;Pdx1-Cre mice prolonged survival, further supporting its oncogenic role in pancreatic tumorigenesis.
Citation Format: Wanglong Qiu, David D. Suh, Natasha M. Tsay, Simona Chadi, Adam R. Chambers, Peter A. Sims, Carrie J. Shawber, Jan Kitajewski, Helen E. Remotti, Gloria H. Su.{Authors}. Notch4 acts as an oncogenic signal in pancreatic tumorigenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2016 May 12-15; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A51.
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Vink JY, Qin S, Brock CO, Zork NM, Feltovich HM, Chen X, Urie P, Myers KM, Hall TJ, Wapner R, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Gallos G. A new paradigm for the role of smooth muscle cells in the human cervix. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:478.e1-478.e11. [PMID: 27166013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature cervical remodeling resulting in spontaneous preterm birth may begin with premature failure or relaxation at the internal os (termed "funneling"). To date, we do not understand why the internal os fails or why funneling occurs in some cases of premature cervical remodeling. Although the human cervix is thought to be mostly collagen with minimal cellular content, cervical smooth muscle cells are present in the cervix and can cause cervical tissue contractility. OBJECTIVE To understand why the internal os relaxes or why funneling occurs in some cases of premature cervical remodeling, we sought to evaluate cervical smooth muscle cell content and distribution throughout human cervix and correlate if cervical smooth muscle organization influences regional cervical tissue contractility. STUDY DESIGN Using institutional review board-approved protocols, nonpregnant women <50 years old undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications were consented. Cervical tissue from the internal and external os were immunostained for smooth muscle cell markers (α-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle protein 22 calponin) and contraction-associated proteins (connexin 43, cyclooxygenase-2, oxytocin receptor). To evaluate cervical smooth muscle cell morphology throughout the entire cervix, whole cervical slices were obtained from the internal os, midcervix, and external os and immunostained with smooth muscle actin. To correlate tissue structure with function, whole slices from the internal and external os were stimulated to contract with 1 μmol/L of oxytocin in organ baths. In separate samples, we tested if the cervix responds to a common tocolytic, nifedipine. Cervical slices from the internal os were treated with oxytocin alone or oxytocin + increasing doses of nifedipine to generate a dose response and half maximal inhibitory concentration. Student t test was used where appropriate. RESULTS Cervical tissue was collected from 41 women. Immunohistochemistry showed cervical smooth muscle cells at the internal and external os expressed mature smooth muscle cell markers and contraction-associated proteins. The cervix exhibited a gradient of cervical smooth muscle cells. The area of the internal os contained 50-60% cervical smooth muscle cells that were circumferentially organized in the periphery of the stroma, which may resemble a sphincter-like pattern. The external os contained approximately 10% cervical smooth muscle cells that were randomly scattered in the tissue. In organ bath studies, oxytocin stimulated the internal os to contract with more than double the force of the external os (1341 ± 693 vs 523 ± 536 integrated grams × seconds, respectively, P = .009). Nifedipine significantly decreased cervical tissue muscle force compared to timed vehicle control (oxytocin alone) at doses of 10(-5) mol/L (vehicle 47% ± 15% vs oxytocin + nifedipine 24% ± 16%, P = .007), 10(-4) mol/L (vehicle 46% ± 16% vs oxytocin + nifedipine -4% ± 20%, P = .003), and 10(-3) mol/L (vehicle 42% ± 14% vs oxytocin + nifedipine -15% ± 18%, P = .0006). The half maximal inhibitory concentration for nifedipine was 1.35 × 10(-5) mol/L. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a new paradigm for cervical tissue morphology-one that includes the possibility of a specialized sphincter at the internal os. This new paradigm introduces novel avenues to further investigate potential mechanisms of normal and premature cervical remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Y Vink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
| | - Sisi Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Clifton O Brock
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Noelia M Zork
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Helen M Feltovich
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Intermountain Healthcare, Provo, UT; Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Paul Urie
- Department of Pathology, Intermountain Healthcare, Provo, UT
| | - Kristin M Myers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Timothy J Hall
- Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - George Gallos
- Department of Anesthesia, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Wu JK, Hooper ED, Laifer-Narin SL, Simpson LL, Kandel J, Shawber CJ. Initial Experience With Propranolol Treatment of Lymphatic Anomalies: A Case Series. Pediatrics 2016; 138:peds.2015-4545. [PMID: 27561730 PMCID: PMC5005016 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are congenital lymphatic lesions that impose significant and costly morbidities on affected patients. Treatment options are limited due to incomplete understanding of LM pathobiology. Expression of an activated β2-adrenergic receptor has been described in LM tissue, suggesting that this pathway may contribute to the clinical manifestations of LM. We hypothesized that propranolol, a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, might improve symptoms of patients with LMs and lymphatic anomalies. A retrospective chart review of patients treated with propranolol as an adjunct therapy was conducted; analyses included demographic characteristics, clinical features, and response to propranolol. Three patients with cystic and noncystic LMs displayed clinical improvement at a minimum dose of 0.7 mg/kg/d, whereas symptomatic relapses were observed when propranolol doses dropped below this threshold. Two patients with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome demonstrated partial clinical responses with reduced edema. The fetus of a mother treated with propranolol from a gestational age of 35 weeks through delivery displayed arrested growth of a cervicofacial LM. Our retrospective review suggests that propranolol improved symptoms in a subset of patients with lymphatic anomalies. Propranolol treatment may also limit the growth of congenital LMs in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lynn L. Simpson
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; and
| | - Jessica Kandel
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Departments of Surgery,,Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; and
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Gnarra M, Behr G, Kitajewski A, Wu JK, Anupindi SA, Shawber CJ, Zavras N, Schizas D, Salakos C, Economopoulos KP. History of the infantile hepatic hemangioma: From imaging to generating a differential diagnosis. World J Clin Pediatr 2016; 5:273-280. [PMID: 27610342 PMCID: PMC4978619 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v5.i3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to provide an up-to-date summary of infantile hepatic hemangioma (IHH) and its misnomers and to dialectically present the differential diagnosis of these rare entities of the liver. Eligible peer-reviewed articles on hepatic infantile hemangiomas, published between 2000 and 2015, were reviewed for this study. IHH is the most common hepatic vascular tumor in children. Once a liver mass is identified in an infant, the differential diagnosis ranges from vascular malformations to benign and malignant tumors including mesenchymal hamartoma, hepatoblastoma, metastatic neuroblastoma, so careful physical examination, imaging studies, and, if indicated, tumor markers and biopsy, are of pivotal importance to ascertain the correct diagnosis. Despite the benign nature of IHHs, some of these lesions may demand medical and/or surgical intervention, especially for multiple and diffuse IHH. Complications can include hepatomegaly, hypothyroidism and cardiac failure. Therefore, a close follow-up is required until complete involution of the lesions. We propose an algorithm to guide the physicians towards the proper management of hepatic lesions.
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Shawber CJ, Lin L, Gnarra M, Sauer MV, Papaioannou VE, Kitajewski JK, Douglas NC. Vascular Notch proteins and Notch signaling in the peri-implantation mouse uterus. Vasc Cell 2015; 7:9. [PMID: 26629328 PMCID: PMC4666149 DOI: 10.1186/s13221-015-0034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is essential for uterine decidualization, the progesterone-mediated transformation of the uterus allowing embryo implantation and initiation of pregnancy. In the current study, we define the vasculature, expression of Notch proteins and Notch ligands, and Notch activity in both endothelial cells and vascular-associated mural cells of blood vessels in the pre-implantation endometrium and post-implantation decidua of the mouse uterus. Methods We used immunofluorescence to determine the expression of Notch in endothelial cells and mural cells by co-staining for the endothelial cell marker, CD31, the pan-mural cell marker, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β), the pericyte markers, neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2) and desmin, or the smooth muscle cell marker, alpha smooth muscle actin (SMA). A fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran tracer, was used to identify functional peri-implantation vasculature. CBF:H2B-Venus Notch reporter transgenic mice were used to determine Notch activity. Results Notch signaling is observed in endothelial cells and pericytes in the peri-implantation uterus. Prior to implantation, Notch1, Notch2 and Notch4 and Notch ligand, Delta-like 4 (Dll4) are expressed in capillary endothelial cells, while Notch3 is expressed in the pericytes. Jagged1 is expressed in both capillary endothelial cells and pericytes. After implantation, Notch1, Notch4 and Dll4 are expressed in endothelial cells of newly formed decidual capillaries. Jagged1 is expressed in endothelial cells of spiral arteries and a subset of decidual pericytes. Notch proteins are not expressed in lymphatic vessels or macrophages in the peri-implantation uterus. Conclusions We show Notch activity and distinct expression patterns for Notch proteins and ligands, suggesting unique roles for Notch1, Notch4, Dll4, and Jag1 during decidual angiogenesis and early placentation. These data set the stage for loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies that will determine the cell-type specific requirements for Notch proteins in decidual angiogenesis and placentation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13221-015-0034-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Maria Gnarra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Mark V Sauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Virginia E Papaioannou
- Department of Genetics and Development, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Nataki C Douglas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA
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Munabi NCO, England RW, Edwards AK, Kitajewski AA, Tan QK, Weinstein A, Kung JE, Wilcox M, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. Propranolol Targets Hemangioma Stem Cells via cAMP and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Regulation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 5:45-55. [PMID: 26574555 PMCID: PMC4704871 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common vascular tumor and arise from a hemangioma stem cell (HemSC). Propranolol has proved efficacious against IHs. A selective β2-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist mirrored propranolol’s effects on HemSCs. These results show that propranolol acts on HemSCs in IH to suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion via β2AR perturbation. Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common vascular tumor and arise from a hemangioma stem cell (HemSC). Propranolol has proved efficacious for problematic IHs. Propranolol is a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist that can lower cAMP levels and activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway downstream of βARs. We found that HemSCs express β1AR and β2AR in proliferating IHs and determined the role of these βARs and the downstream pathways in mediating propranolol’s effects. In isolated HemSCs, propranolol suppressed cAMP levels and activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in a dose-dependent fashion. Propranolol, used at doses of <10−4 M, reduced cAMP levels and decreased HemSC proliferation and viability. Propranolol at ≥10−5 M reduced cAMP levels and activated ERK1/2, and this correlated with HemSC apoptosis and cytotoxicity at ≥10−4 M. Stimulation with a βAR agonist, isoprenaline, promoted HemSC proliferation and rescued the antiproliferative effects of propranolol, suggesting that propranolol inhibits βAR signaling in HemSCs. Treatment with a cAMP analog or a MAPK inhibitor partially rescued the HemSC cell viability suppressed by propranolol. A selective β2AR antagonist mirrored propranolol’s effects on HemSCs in a dose-dependent fashion, and a selective β1AR antagonist had no effect, supporting a role for β2AR signaling in IH pathobiology. In a mouse model of IH, propranolol reduced the vessel caliber and blood flow assessed by ultrasound Doppler and increased activation of ERK1/2 in IH cells. We have thus demonstrated that propranolol acts on HemSCs in IH to suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion via β2AR perturbation, resulting in reduced cAMP and MAPK activation. Significance The present study investigated the action of propranolol in infantile hemangiomas (IHs). IHs are the most common vascular tumor in children and have been proposed to arise from a hemangioma stem cell (HemSC). Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist, has proven efficacy; however, understanding of its mechanism of action on HemSCs is limited. The presented data demonstrate that propranolol, via βAR perturbation, dose dependently suppresses cAMP levels and activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, propranolol acts via perturbation of β2AR, and not β1AR, although both receptors are expressed in HemSCs. These results provide important insight into propranolol’s action in IHs and can be used to guide the development of more targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naikhoba C O Munabi
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan W England
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew K Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alison A Kitajewski
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Qian Kun Tan
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Weinstein
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin E Kung
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maya Wilcox
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - June K Wu
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Munabi NCO, Tan QK, Garzon MC, Behr GG, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. Growth Hormone Induces Recurrence of Infantile Hemangiomas After Apparent Involution: Evidence of Growth Hormone Receptors in Infantile Hemangioma. Pediatr Dermatol 2015; 32:539-43. [PMID: 25690955 PMCID: PMC5433863 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign tumor of infancy, characterized by a natural history of early proliferation in the first months of life to eventual involution during childhood, often with residual fibrofatty tissue. Once involution has been achieved, IHs do not typically recur. We present two cases of exogenous growth hormone therapy resulting in the recurrence of IHs in late childhood, supported by radiological, immunohistochemical, in vitro, and in vivo evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naikhoba C O Munabi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Qian Kun Tan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Maria C Garzon
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Gerald G Behr
- Division of Pediatric Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York.,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - June K Wu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
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Banerjee D, Hernandez SL, Garcia A, Kangsamaksin T, Sbiroli E, Andrews J, Forrester LA, Wei N, Kadenhe-Chiweshe A, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski JK, Kandel JJ, Yamashiro DJ. Notch suppresses angiogenesis and progression of hepatic metastases. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1592-602. [PMID: 25744722 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway plays multiple key roles in tumorigenesis, and its signaling components have therefore aroused great interest as targets for emerging therapies. Here, we show that inhibition of Notch, using a soluble receptor Notch1 decoy, unexpectedly caused a remarkable increase in liver metastases from neuroblastoma and breast cancer cells. Increased liver metastases were also seen after treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor PF-03084014. Transgenic mice with heterozygous loss of Notch1 demonstrated a marked increase in hepatic metastases, indicating that Notch1 signaling acts as metastatic suppressor in the liver microenvironment. Inhibition of DLL1/4 with ligand-specific Notch1 decoys increased sprouting of sinusoidal endothelial cells into micrometastases, thereby supporting early metastatic angiogenic growth. Inhibition of tumor-derived JAG1 signaling activated hepatic stellate cells, increasing their recruitment to vasculature of micrometastases, thereby supporting progression to macrometastases. These results demonstrate that inhibition of Notch causes pathologic activation of liver stromal cells, promoting angiogenesis and growth of hepatic metastases. Our findings have potentially serious implications for Notch inhibition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sonia L Hernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alejandro Garcia
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily Sbiroli
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John Andrews
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lynn Ann Forrester
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jessica J Kandel
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Darrell J Yamashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Wu JK, Kitajewski C, Reiley M, Keung CH, Monteagudo J, Andrews JP, Liou P, Thirumoorthi A, Wong A, Kandel JJ, Shawber CJ. Aberrant lymphatic endothelial progenitors in lymphatic malformation development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117352. [PMID: 25719418 PMCID: PMC4342011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are vascular anomalies thought to arise from dysregulated lymphangiogenesis. These lesions impose a significant burden of disease on affected individuals. LM pathobiology is poorly understood, hindering the development of effective treatments. In the present studies, immunostaining of LM tissues revealed that endothelial cells lining aberrant lymphatic vessels and cells in the surrounding stroma expressed the stem cell marker, CD133, and the lymphatic endothelial protein, podoplanin. Isolated patient-derived CD133+ LM cells expressed stem cell genes (NANOG, Oct4), circulating endothelial cell precursor proteins (CD90, CD146, c-Kit, VEGFR-2), and lymphatic endothelial proteins (podoplanin, VEGFR-3). Consistent with a progenitor cell identity, CD133+ LM cells were multipotent and could be differentiated into fat, bone, smooth muscle, and lymphatic endothelial cells in vitro. CD133+ cells were compared to CD133− cells isolated from LM fluids. CD133− LM cells had lower expression of stem cell genes, but expressed circulating endothelial precursor proteins and high levels of lymphatic endothelial proteins, VE-cadherin, CD31, podoplanin, VEGFR-3 and Prox1. CD133− LM cells were not multipotent, consistent with a differentiated lymphatic endothelial cell phenotype. In a mouse xenograft model, CD133+ LM cells differentiated into lymphatic endothelial cells that formed irregularly dilated lymphatic channels, phenocopying human LMs. In vivo, CD133+ LM cells acquired expression of differentiated lymphatic endothelial cell proteins, podoplanin, LYVE1, Prox1, and VEGFR-3, comparable to expression found in LM patient tissues. Taken together, these data identify a novel LM progenitor cell population that differentiates to form the abnormal lymphatic structures characteristic of these lesions, recapitulating the human LM phenotype. This LM progenitor cell population may contribute to the clinically refractory behavior of LMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- June K Wu
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher Kitajewski
- Department of Ob/Gyn, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maia Reiley
- Department of Ob/Gyn, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Connie H Keung
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Julie Monteagudo
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John P Andrews
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter Liou
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Arul Thirumoorthi
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alvin Wong
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jessica J Kandel
- Department of Surgery, the University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Ob/Gyn, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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Kangsamaksin T, Murtomaki A, Kofler NM, Cuervo H, Chaudhri RA, Tattersall IW, Rosenstiel PE, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski J. NOTCH decoys that selectively block DLL/NOTCH or JAG/NOTCH disrupt angiogenesis by unique mechanisms to inhibit tumor growth. Cancer Discov 2014; 5:182-97. [PMID: 25387766 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A proangiogenic role for Jagged (JAG)-dependent activation of NOTCH signaling in the endothelium has yet to be described. Using proteins that encoded different NOTCH1 EGF-like repeats, we identified unique regions of Delta-like ligand (DLL)-class and JAG-class ligand-receptor interactions, and developed NOTCH decoys that function as ligand-specific NOTCH inhibitors. N110-24 decoy blocked JAG1/JAG2-mediated NOTCH1 signaling, angiogenic sprouting in vitro, and retinal angiogenesis, demonstrating that JAG-dependent NOTCH signal activation promotes angiogenesis. In tumors, N110-24 decoy reduced angiogenic sprouting, vessel perfusion, pericyte coverage, and tumor growth. JAG-NOTCH signaling uniquely inhibited expression of antiangiogenic soluble (s) VEGFR1/sFLT1. N11-13 decoy interfered with DLL1-DLL4-mediated NOTCH1 signaling and caused endothelial hypersprouting in vitro, in retinal angiogenesis, and in tumors. Thus, blockade of JAG- or DLL-mediated NOTCH signaling inhibits angiogenesis by distinct mechanisms. JAG-NOTCH signaling positively regulates angiogenesis by suppressing sVEGFR1-sFLT1 and promoting mural-endothelial cell interactions. Blockade of JAG-class ligands represents a novel, viable therapeutic approach to block tumor angiogenesis and growth. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first report identifying unique regions of the NOTCH1 extracellular domain that interact with JAG-class and DLL-class ligands. Using this knowledge, we developed therapeutic agents that block JAG-dependent NOTCH signaling and demonstrate for the first time that JAG blockade inhibits experimental tumor growth by targeting tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aino Murtomaki
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Division of Genetics, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalie M Kofler
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Henar Cuervo
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Reyhaan A Chaudhri
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ian W Tattersall
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Paul E Rosenstiel
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York. Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York.
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England RW, Hardy KL, Kitajewski AM, Wong A, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Wu JK. Propranolol promotes accelerated and dysregulated adipogenesis in hemangioma stem cells. Ann Plast Surg 2014; 73 Suppl 1:S119-24. [PMID: 25115372 PMCID: PMC4134106 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumor of infancy, yet there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutics to date. Recently, the nonselective β-adrenergic-blocker propranolol has been shown to be a safe and effective means of treating IHs, although its mechanism has yet to be elucidated. We have previously demonstrated that propranolol induces early and incomplete adipogenesis in stem cells derived from hemangiomas. We hypothesize that propranolol promotes dysregulated adipogenesis via the improper regulation of adipogenic genes. METHODS Hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs) isolated from resected IH specimens were treated with adipogenic medium for 1 or 4 days in either propranolol or vehicle. Cell death was measured by the incorporation of annexin V and propidium iodide by flow cytometry. Adipogenesis was assessed by visualizing lipid droplet formation by Oil Red O staining. Proadipogenic genes C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ, PPARδ, PPARγ, RXRα, and RXRγ were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Hemangioma stem cells treated with propranolol increased lipid droplet formation compared to vehicle-treated cells indicating increased adipogenesis. Cell death as measured by FACS analysis indicated that the propranolol-treated cells died due to necrosis and not apoptosis. During adipogenesis, transcript levels of PPARδ, PPARγ, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPδ were significantly increased (P<0.01) in propranolol-treated cells relative to control cells. In contrast, RXRα and RXRγ levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and C/EBPα, a gene required for terminal adipocyte differentiation, was strongly suppressed by propranolol when compared to vehicle-treated cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In HemSCs, propranolol accelerated dysregulated adipogenic differentiation characterized by improper adipogenic gene expression. Consistent with accelerated adipogenesis, propranolol significantly increased the expression of the proadipogenic genes, PPARγ, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPγ compared to control. However, propranolol treatment also led to improper induction of PPARδ and suppression of C/EBPα, RXRα, and RXRγ. Taken together these data indicate that propranolol promoted dysregulated adipogenesis and inhibited the HemSCs from becoming functional adipocytes, ultimately resulting in cell death. Understanding this mechanism behind propranolol's effectiveness will be a vital factor in producing more effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W England
- From the Departments of *Surgery, †Obstetrics and Gynecology, and ‡Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Keung CH, Monteagudo J, Liou P, Kitajewski C, Reiley M, Andrews J, Wu JK, Shawber CJ, Kandel JJ. Propranolol: A Potential Therapy for Lymphatic Malformations. J Am Coll Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Douglas NC, Zimmermann RC, Tan QK, Sullivan-Pyke CS, Sauer MV, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ. VEGFR-1 blockade disrupts peri-implantation decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment. Vasc Cell 2014; 6:16. [PMID: 25101167 PMCID: PMC4122670 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-6-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment to the uterus are key features of uterine decidualization; the progesterone-mediated uterine changes that allow for embryo implantation and initiation of pregnancy. In the current study, we characterized the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) in macrophages and endothelial cells of the peri-implantation uterus and determined if VEGFR-1 function is required for decidual angiogenesis, macrophage recruitment, and/or the establishment of pregnancy. Methods Expression of VEGFR-1 in uterine endothelial cells and macrophages was determined with immunohistochemistry. To assess the effect of continuous VEGFR-1 blockade, adult female mice were given VEGFR-1 blocking antibody, MF-1, every 3 days for 18 days. After 6 doses, females were mated and a final dose of MF-1 was given on embryonic day 3.5. Endothelial cells and macrophages were quantified on embryonic day 7.5. Pregnancy was analyzed on embryonic days 7.5 and 10.5. Results F4/80+ macrophages are observed throughout the stroma and are abundant adjacent to the endometrial lumen and glands prior to embryo implantation and scatter throughout the decidua post implantation. VEGFR-1 expression is restricted to the uterine endothelial cells. F4/80+ macrophages were often found adjacent to VEGFR-1+ endothelial cells in the primary decidual zone. Continuous VEGFR-1 blockade correlates with a significant reduction in decidual vascular and macrophage density, but does not affect embryo implantation or maintenance of pregnancy up to embryonic day 10.5. Conclusions We found that VEGFR-1 functions in both decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment to the implantation site during pregnancy. VEGFR-1 is expressed by endothelial cells, however blocking VEGFR-1 function in endothelial cells results in reduced macrophage recruitment to the uterus. VEGFR-1 blockade did not compromise the establishment and/or maintenance of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataki C Douglas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PH 16-64, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ralf C Zimmermann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PH 16-64, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Qian Kun Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chantae S Sullivan-Pyke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark V Sauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PH 16-64, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Murtomaki A, Uh MK, Kitajewski C, Zhao J, Nagasaki T, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski J. Notch signaling functions in lymphatic valve formation. Development 2014; 141:2446-51. [PMID: 24917500 PMCID: PMC4050693 DOI: 10.1242/dev.101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Collecting lymphatic ducts contain intraluminal valves that prevent backflow. In mice, lymphatic valve morphogenesis begins at embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5). In the mesentery, Prox1 expression is high in valve-forming lymphatic endothelial cells, whereas cells of the lymphatic ducts express lower levels of Prox1. Integrin α9, fibronectin EIIIA, Foxc2, calcineurin and the gap junction protein Cx37 are required for lymphatic valve formation. We show that Notch1 is expressed throughout the developing mesenteric lymphatic vessels at E16.5, and that, by E18.5, Notch1 expression becomes highly enriched in the lymphatic valve endothelial cells. Using a Notch reporter mouse, Notch activity was detected in lymphatic valves at E17.5 and E18.5. The role of Notch in lymphatic valve morphogenesis was studied using a conditional lymphatic endothelial cell driver either to delete Notch1 or to express a dominant-negative Mastermind-like (DNMAML) transgene. Deletion of Notch1 led to an expansion of Prox1(high) cells, a defect in Prox1(high) cell reorientation and a decrease in integrin α9 expression at sites of valve formation. Expression of DNMAML, which blocks all Notch signaling, resulted in a more severe phenotype characterized by a decrease in valves, failure of Prox1(high) cells to cluster, and rounding of the nuclei and decreased fibronectin-EIIIA expression in the Prox1(high) cells found at valve sites. In human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells, activation of Notch1 or Notch4 induced integrin α9, fibronectin EIIIA and Cx37 expression. We conclude that Notch signaling is required for proper lymphatic valve formation and regulates integrin α9 and fibronectin EIIIA expression during valve morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aino Murtomaki
- Department of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA Division of Genetics, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, POB 56, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Minji K Uh
- Department of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chris Kitajewski
- Department of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Takayuki Nagasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of OB/GYN, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA Department of Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Valenti L, Mendoza RM, Rametta R, Maggioni M, Kitajewski C, Shawber CJ, Pajvani UB. Hepatic notch signaling correlates with insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes 2013; 62:4052-62. [PMID: 23990360 PMCID: PMC3837035 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic Notch signaling is inappropriately activated in obese/insulin-resistant mouse models. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of hepatic Notch signaling in obese mice simultaneously improves glucose tolerance and reduces hepatic triglyceride content. As such, we predicted that Notch signaling in human liver would be positively associated with insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Here, we systematically survey Notch signaling in liver biopsy specimens, and show active Notch signaling in lean and obese adults, with expression of multiple Notch receptors and ligands. In morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, we show that Notch activation positively correlates with glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) expression, key regulators of hepatic glucose output. We used immunofluorescence to identify active Notch signaling in hepatocytes and show highest activity in hyperglycemia, which we confirmed is a direct effect of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. In a validation cohort of leaner individuals undergoing percutaneous liver biopsy for suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Notch activity showed independent positive association with insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Notably, Notch activity showed stronger correlation with the NAFLD activity score and alanine aminotransferase levels than with steatosis alone, suggesting that Notch activity is associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In summary, this study establishes that Notch signaling is activated in and may represent a therapeutic target for patients with obesity-related liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa M. Mendoza
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Raffaela Rametta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Maggioni
- Department of Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda, Milano, Italy
| | - Chris Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carrie J. Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Utpal B. Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Corresponding author: Utpal B. Pajvani,
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García-Pascual CM, Zimmermann RC, Ferrero H, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski J, Simón C, Pellicer A, Gómez R. Delta-like ligand 4 regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2–driven luteal angiogenesis through induction of a tip/stalk phenotype in proliferating endothelial cells. Fertil Steril 2013; 100:1768-76.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hernandez SL, Banerjee D, Garcia A, Kangsamaksin T, Cheng WY, Anastassiou D, Funahashi Y, Kadenhe-Chiweshe A, Shawber CJ, Kitajewski JK, Kandel JJ, Yamashiro DJ. Notch and VEGF pathways play distinct but complementary roles in tumor angiogenesis. Vasc Cell 2013; 5:17. [PMID: 24066611 PMCID: PMC3849070 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-5-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-angiogenesis is a validated strategy to treat cancer, with efficacy in controlling both primary tumor growth and metastasis. The role of the Notch family of proteins in tumor angiogenesis is still emerging, but recent data suggest that Notch signaling may function in the physiologic response to loss of VEGF signaling, and thus participate in tumor adaptation to VEGF inhibitors. METHODS We asked whether combining Notch and VEGF blockade would enhance suppression of tumor angiogenesis and growth, using the NGP neuroblastoma model. NGP tumors were engineered to express a Notch1 decoy construct, which restricts Notch signaling, and then treated with either the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab or vehicle. RESULTS Combining Notch and VEGF blockade led to blood vessel regression, increasing endothelial cell apoptosis and disrupting pericyte coverage of endothelial cells. Combined Notch and VEGF blockade did not affect tumor weight, but did additively reduce tumor viability. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Notch and VEGF pathways play distinct but complementary roles in tumor angiogenesis, and show that concurrent blockade disrupts primary tumor vasculature and viability further than inhibition of either pathway alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Hernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Debarshi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alejandro Garcia
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei-Yi Cheng
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris Anastassiou
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica J Kandel
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darrell J Yamashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Kitajewski J, Shawber CJ, Simons M. Lymphatics in health and disease: a new thematic series in vascular cell. Vasc Cell 2013; 5:14. [PMID: 23885747 PMCID: PMC3734013 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-5-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Cell is launching new series on lymphatics, a vascular system required for physiological fluid balance and immunity, and whose damage leads to edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kitajewski
- Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY, 10032, USA.
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Jovanovic VP, Sauer CM, Shawber CJ, Gomez R, Wang X, Sauer MV, Kitajewski J, Zimmermann RC. Intraovarian regulation of gonadotropin-dependent folliculogenesis depends on notch receptor signaling pathways not involving Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2013; 11:43. [PMID: 23675950 PMCID: PMC3662615 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-11-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-situ hybridisation studies demonstrate that Notch receptors and ligands are expressed in granulosa cells (GCs) and in the theca layer vasculature of growing follicles. Notch signaling involves cell-to-cell interaction mediated by transmembrane receptors and ligands. This signaling pathway may represent a novel intraovarian regulator of gonadotropin-dependent follicular development to the preovulatory stage. We hypothesized that blocking Notch pathways would disrupt follicular maturation in the mouse ovary. METHODS Hypophysectomized CD21 female mice were administered pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) for 3 days to stimulate follicular development. In one experiment, a pan-notch inhibitor, compound E, was initiated 2 days prior to and throughout stimulation (n = 10), while in a second experiment, a humanized phage Dll4 blocking antibody, YW152F, was used (n = 5). After sacrifice, ovarian histology, serum estradiol levels and uterine weights were compared to controls. The ovarian morphology was evaluated with hematoxylin/eosin staining and immunohistochemistry was performed for Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Jagged1, Dll4, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) detection. RESULTS We localized specific Notch ligands and receptors in the following structures: Dll4 is specific to theca layer endothelial cells (ECs); Notch1/Notch4 and Jagged1 are expressed in theca layer ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), whereas Notch3 is restricted to VSMCs; Notch2 is expressed mostly on GCs of small follicles. Administration of a pan-Notch inhibitor, compound E, inhibits follicular development to the preovulatory stage (8.5 preovulatory follicles in treatment vs. 3.4 preovulatory follicles in control, p < 0.01; average number per ovary) with significant secondary effects on ovarian and uterine weight and estradiol secretion in a setting of uninhibited vascular proliferation, but disorganized appearance of ECs and VSMCs. Inhibition of endothelial Notch1 function through the inactivation of its ligand Dll4 with the blocking antibody YW152F induces mild disorganisation of follicular vasculature, but has no significant effect on gonadotropin-dependent folliculogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments suggest that the complete blockage of the Notch signaling pathway with compound E impairs folliculogenesis and induces disruption of gonadotropin stimulated angiogenesis. It seems the mechanism involves Notch1 and Notch3, specifically, causing the improper assembly of ECs and VSMCs in the theca layer, although the potential role of non-angiogenic Notch signaling, such as Jagged2 to Notch2 in GCs, remains to be elucidated.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/immunology
- Antibodies, Blocking/pharmacology
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Gonadotropins, Equine/administration & dosage
- Granulosa Cells/drug effects
- Granulosa Cells/metabolism
- Horses
- Immunohistochemistry
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth/metabolism
- Ovarian Follicle/growth & development
- Ovary/drug effects
- Ovary/growth & development
- Ovary/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Notch2/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch3
- Receptor, Notch4
- Receptors, Notch/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Theca Cells/drug effects
- Theca Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk P Jovanovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Fertility Center of Langenhagen and Wolfsburg, Langenhagen 30861, Germany
| | | | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Raul Gomez
- Fundacion IVI-Instituto Universitario IVI, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, C/Guadassuar 1 Bajo, Valencia, 46015, Spain
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark V Sauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ralf C Zimmermann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Murtomaki A, Uh MK, Choi YK, Kitajewski C, Borisenko V, Kitajewski J, Shawber CJ. Notch1 functions as a negative regulator of lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation in the venous endothelium. Development 2013; 140:2365-76. [PMID: 23615281 DOI: 10.1242/dev.083865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In development, lymphatic endothelial cells originate within veins and differentiate via a process requiring Prox1. Notch signaling regulates cell-fate decisions, and expression studies suggested that Jag1/Notch1 signaling functions in veins during lymphatic endothelial specification. Using an inducible lymphatic endothelial Prox1CreER(T2) driver, Notch signaling was suppressed by deleting Notch1 or expressing dominant-negative Mastermind-like in Prox1+ endothelial cells. Either loss of Notch1 or reduced Notch signaling increased Prox1+ lymphatic endothelial progenitor cell numbers in the veins, leading to incomplete separation of venous and lymphatic vessels. Notch loss of function resulted in excessive Prox1+ lymphatic cells emerging from the cardinal vein and significant lymphatic overgrowth. Moreover, loss of one allele of Notch1 in Prox1 heterozygous mice rescued embryonic lethality due to Prox1 haploinsufficiency and significantly increased Prox1+ lymphatic endothelial progenitor cell numbers. Expression of a constitutively active Notch1 protein in Prox1+ cells suppressed endothelial Prox1 from E9.75 to E13.5, resulting in misspecified lymphatic endothelial cells based upon reduced expression of podoplanin, LYVE1 and VEGFR3. Notch activation resulted in the appearance of blood endothelial cells in peripheral lymphatic vessels. Activation of Notch signaling in the venous endothelium at E10.5 did not arterialize the cardinal vein, suggesting that Notch can no longer promote arterialization in the cardinal vein during this developmental stage. We report a novel role for Notch1 in limiting the number of lymphatic endothelial cells that differentiate from the veins to assure proper lymphatic specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aino Murtomaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Galic V, Shawber CJ, Reeves C, Shah M, Murtomaki A, Wright J, Herzog T, Tong GX, Kitajewski J. NOTCH2 expression is decreased in epithelial ovarian cancer and is related to the tumor histological subtype. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 1:4. [PMID: 24707357 DOI: 10.7243/2052-7896-1-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch family members function as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. NOTCH2 is down-regulated in colon cancer, and reduced expression is associated with a less differentiated, more aggressive phenotype, and reduced overall survival. NOTCH2 has also been shown to have pro-apoptotic and growth suppressive effects in thyroid carcinoma, and carcinoid tumors. The expression pattern of NOTCH2 in ovarian cancer is unknown. METHODS An immunohistochemical analysis using a polyclonal antibody to the NOTCH2 intracellular domain was performed on a total of 119 ovarian carcinomas, and 7 serous borderline tumors, arranged onto tissue arrays. Normal ovarian and fallopian tube epithelium were used as controls. Specimens were scored as low or high NOTCH2 expression. The score distributions for the subtypes were analyzed with the chi square test. RESULTS Fifty two of 61 (85.2%) papillary serous, eight of 13 (61.5%) clear cell, and 23 of 30 (76.7%) endometrioid, demonstrated negative or lower NOTCH2 expression than normal fallopian tubal epithelium or ovarian surface epithelium. In contrast, 10 of 15 (66.7%) mucinous carcinomas had a high level of NOTCH2 expression and consistently demonstrated intense polarized staining (P<.001). The apical expression of NOTCH2 protein present in the normal fallopian tube epithelium and many borderline tumors was absent in the high grade carcinomas, most notably in papillary serous. CONCLUSION Decreased NOTCH2 expression is associated with the poorly differentiated serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma histology. Further studies are needed to assess the functional role of NOTCH2 in ovarian cancer and its effect on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Galic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Claire Reeves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Monjri Shah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Alabama, United States of America
| | - Aino Murtomaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jason Wright
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas Herzog
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Guo Xia Tong
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
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Kofler NM, Shawber CJ, Kangsamaksin T, Reed HO, Galatioto J, Kitajewski J. Notch signaling in developmental and tumor angiogenesis. Genes Cancer 2012; 2:1106-16. [PMID: 22866202 DOI: 10.1177/1947601911423030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery that Notch, a key regulator of cell fate determination, is functional in the vasculature has greatly improved our understanding of differentiation and specialization of vessels. Notch signaling has been proven to be critical for arterial specification, sprouting angiogenesis, and vessel maturation. In newly forming vascular sprouts, Notch promotes the distinction between the leading "tip" endothelial cell and the growing "stalk" cell, the endothelial cells that eventually form a new capillary. Notch signaling has also been implicated in vessel stability by regulating vascular mural cell function. More recently, macrophages carrying an activated Notch have been implicated in shaping the course of new sprout formation. Tumor vessels abide by similar principles and use Notch signaling in similar ways. An exciting discovery, made by several researchers, shows that blocking Notch function in tumor vasculature provides a means by which to suppress tumor growth. The authors discuss the developmental and physiological role of Notch in the vasculature and apply this knowledge to an overview of how Notch targeting in the tumor environment can affect tumor angiogenesis and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Kofler
- Ob/Gyn, Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Pajvani UB, Shawber CJ, Samuel VT, Birkenfeld AL, Shulman GI, Kitajewski J, Accili D. Inhibition of Notch signaling ameliorates insulin resistance in a FoxO1-dependent manner. Nat Med 2011; 17:961-7. [PMID: 21804540 PMCID: PMC3387563 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor FoxO1 promotes hepatic glucose production. Genetic inhibition of FoxO1 function prevents diabetes in experimental animal models, providing impetus to identify pharmacological approaches to modulate this function. Altered Notch signaling is evident in tumorigenesis, and Notch antagonists are in clinical testing for application in cancer. Here we report that FoxO1 and Notch coordinately regulate hepatic glucose metabolism. Combined haploinsufficiency of FoxO1 and Notch1 markedly raises insulin sensitivity in diet-induced insulin resistance, as does liver-specific knockout of the Notch transcriptional effector Rbp-Jκ. Conversely, Notch1 gain-of-function promotes insulin resistance in a FoxO1-dependent manner and induces glucose-6-phosphatase expression. Pharmacological blockade of Notch signaling with γ-secretase inhibitors raises insulin sensitivity after in vivo administration in lean mice and in obese, insulin-resistant mice. The data identify a heretofore unknown metabolic function of Notch and suggest that Notch inhibition is beneficial in diabetes treatment, in part by helping to offset excessive FoxO1-driven hepatic glucose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Funahashi Y, Shawber CJ, Sharma A, Kanamaru E, Choi YK, Kitajewski J. Notch modulates VEGF action in endothelial cells by inducing Matrix Metalloprotease activity. Vasc Cell 2011; 3:2. [PMID: 21349159 PMCID: PMC3039832 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-3-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the vasculature, Notch signaling functions as a downstream effecter of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) signaling. VEGF regulates sprouting angiogenesis in part by inducing and activating matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). This study sought to determine if VEGF regulation of MMPs was mediated via Notch signaling and to determine how Notch regulation of MMPs influenced endothelial cell morphogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the relationship between VEGF and Notch signaling in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Overexpression of VEGF-induced Notch4 and the Notch ligand, Dll4, activated Notch signaling, and altered endothelial cell morphology in a fashion similar to that induced by Notch activation. Expression of a secreted Notch antagonist (Notch1 decoy) suppressed VEGF-mediated activation of endothelial Notch signaling and endothelial morphogenesis. We demonstrate that Notch mediates VEGF-induced matrix metalloprotease activity via induction of MMP9 and MT1-MMP expression and activation of MMP2. Introduction of a MMP inhibitor blocked Notch-mediated endothelial morphogenesis. In mice, analysis of VEGF-induced dermal angiogenesis demonstrated that the Notch1 decoy reduced perivascular MMP9 expression. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data demonstrate that Notch signaling can act downstream of VEGF signaling to regulate endothelial cell morphogenesis via induction and activation of specific MMPs. In a murine model of VEGF-induced dermal angiogenesis, Notch inhibition led to reduced MMP9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Pathology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, NY 10032, USA.
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Funahashi Y, Shawber CJ, Vorontchikhina M, Sharma A, Outtz HH, Kitajewski J. Notch regulates the angiogenic response via induction of VEGFR-1. J Angiogenes Res 2010; 2:3. [PMID: 20298529 PMCID: PMC2828996 DOI: 10.1186/2040-2384-2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Notch is a critical regulator of angiogenesis and arterial specification. We show that ectopic expression of activated Notch1 induces endothelial morphogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a VEGFR-1-dependent manner. Notch1-mediated upregulation of VEGFR-1 in HUVEC increased their responsiveness to the VEGFR-1 specific ligand, Placental Growth Factor (PlGF). In mice and human endothelial cells, inhibition of Notch signaling resulted in decreased VEGFR-1 expression during VEGF-A-induced neovascularization. In summary, we show that Notch1 plays a role in endothelial cells by regulating VEGFR-1, a function that may be important for physiological and pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Abstract
We present three examples of key genes that function in arterial specification that have recently been implicated in lymphatic development; ephrinB2, FoxC2, and Notch. In arterial cell fate determination, Foxc2 regulates both Notch and Notch ligand expression. In turn, Notch signal activation in arteries drives expression of ephrinB2. It will be interesting to determine if the regulatory relationships between these pathways found in arterial development are relevant to understanding lymphatic development, that is, we ask whether arterial regulators are also key regulators of lymphatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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Funahashi Y, Hernandez SL, Das I, Ahn A, Huang J, Vorontchikhina M, Sharma A, Kanamaru E, Borisenko V, Desilva DM, Suzuki A, Wang X, Shawber CJ, Kandel JJ, Yamashiro DJ, Kitajewski J. A notch1 ectodomain construct inhibits endothelial notch signaling, tumor growth, and angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2008; 68:4727-35. [PMID: 18559519 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is required for vascular development and tumor angiogenesis. Although inhibition of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 can restrict tumor growth and disrupt neovasculature, the effect of inhibiting Notch receptor function on angiogenesis has yet to be defined. In this study, we generated a soluble form of the Notch1 receptor (Notch1 decoy) and assessed its effect on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Notch1 decoy expression reduced signaling stimulated by the binding of three distinct Notch ligands to Notch1 and inhibited morphogenesis of endothelial cells overexpressing Notch4. Thus, Notch1 decoy functioned as an antagonist of ligand-dependent Notch signaling. In mice, Notch1 decoy also inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis in skin, establishing a role for Notch receptor function in this process. We tested the effects of Notch1 decoy on tumor angiogenesis using two models: mouse mammary Mm5MT cells overexpressing fibroblast growth factor 4 (Mm5MT-FGF4) and NGP human neuroblastoma cells. Exogenously expressed FGF4 induced Notch ligand expression in Mm5MT cells and xenografts. Notch1 decoy expression did not affect tumorigenicity of Mm5MT-FGF4 cells in vitro but restricted Mm5MT-FGF4 xenograft growth in mice while markedly impairing neoangiogenesis. Similarly, Notch1 decoy expression did not affect NGP cells in vitro but disrupted vessels and decreased tumor viability in vivo. These results strongly suggest that Notch receptor signaling is required for tumor neoangiogenesis and provides a new target for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Shawber CJ, Funahashi Y, Francisco E, Vorontchikhina M, Kitamura Y, Stowell SA, Borisenko V, Feirt N, Podgrabinska S, Shiraishi K, Chawengsaksophak K, Rossant J, Accili D, Skobe M, Kitajewski J. Notch alters VEGF responsiveness in human and murine endothelial cells by direct regulation of VEGFR-3 expression. J Clin Invest 2008; 117:3369-82. [PMID: 17948123 DOI: 10.1172/jci24311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2004] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch family of cell surface receptors and its ligands are highly conserved proteins that regulate cell fate determination, including those involved in mammalian vascular development. We report that Notch induces VEGFR-3 expression in vitro in human endothelial cells and in vivo in mice. In vitro, Notch in complex with the DNA-binding protein CBF-1/suppressor of hairless/Lag1 (CSL) bound the VEGFR-3 promoter and transactivated VEGFR-3 specifically in endothelial cells. Through induction of VEGFR-3, Notch increased endothelial cell responsiveness to VEGF-C, promoting endothelial cell survival and morphological changes. In vivo, VEGFR-3 was upregulated in endothelial cells with active Notch signaling. Mice heterozygous for null alleles of both Notch1 and VEGFR-3 had significantly reduced viability and displayed midgestational vascular patterning defects analogous to Notch1 nullizygous embryos. We found that Notch1 and Notch4 were expressed in normal and tumor lymphatic endothelial cells and that Notch1 was activated in lymphatic endothelium of invasive mammary micropapillary carcinomas. These results demonstrate that Notch1 and VEGFR-3 interact genetically, that Notch directly induces VEGFR-3 in blood endothelial cells to regulate vascular development, and that Notch may function in tumor lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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