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Sun ZC, Han WJ, Dou ZW, Lu N, Wang X, Wang FD, Ma SB, Tian ZC, Xian H, Liu WN, Liu YY, Wu WB, Chu WG, Guo H, Wang F, Ding H, Liu YY, Tao HR, Freichel M, Birnbaumer L, Li ZZ, Xie RG, Wu SX, Luo C. TRPC3/6 Channels Mediate Mechanical Pain Hypersensitivity via Enhancement of Nociceptor Excitability and of Spinal Synaptic Transmission. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404342. [PMID: 39340833 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Patients with tissue inflammation or injury often experience aberrant mechanical pain hypersensitivity, one of leading symptoms in clinic. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanical distortion are poorly understood. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels confer sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. TRPC3 and TRPC6 proteins, coassembling as heterotetrameric channels, are highly expressed in sensory neurons. However, how these channels mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity has remained elusive. It is shown that in mice and human, TRPC3 and TRPC6 are upregulated in DRG and spinal dorsal horn under pathological states. Double knockout of TRPC3/6 blunts mechanical pain hypersensitivity, largely by decreasing nociceptor hyperexcitability and spinal synaptic potentiation via presynaptic mechanism. In corroboration with this, nociceptor-specific ablation of TRPC3/6 produces comparable pain relief. Mechanistic analysis reveals that upon peripheral inflammation, TRPC3/6 in primary sensory neurons get recruited via released bradykinin acting on B1/B2 receptors, facilitating BDNF secretion from spinal nociceptor terminals, which in turn potentiates synaptic transmission through TRPC3/6 and eventually results in mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Antagonizing TRPC3/6 in DRG relieves mechanical pain hypersensitivity in mice and nociceptor hyperexcitability in human. Thus, TRPC3/6 in nociceptors is crucially involved in pain plasticity and constitutes a promising therapeutic target against mechanical pain hypersensitivity with minor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chuan Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, 710016, China
| | - Wen-Juan Han
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Dou
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- The Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fu-Dong Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Sui-Bin Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hang Xian
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wan-Neng Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying-Ying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Guang Chu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan-Ying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hui-Ren Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, C1107AVV, Argentina
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rou-Gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Innovation Research Institute, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Wu M, Yoon CY, Park J, Kim G, Nam BY, Kim S, Park JT, Han SH, Kang SW, Yoo TH. The role of PCSK9 in glomerular lipid accumulation and renal injury in diabetic kidney disease. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1980-1997. [PMID: 38879617 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glomerular lipid accumulation is a defining feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD); however, the precise underlying mechanism requires further elucidation. Recent evidence suggests a role for proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in intracellular lipid homeostasis. Although PCSK9 is present in kidneys, its role within kidney cells and relevance to renal diseases remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the role of intracellular PCSK9 in regulating lipid accumulation and homeostasis in the glomeruli and podocytes under diabetic conditions. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the podocyte injury that is associated with intracellular PCSK9-induced lipid accumulation in DKD. METHODS In this study, glomeruli were isolated from human kidney biopsy tissues, and glomerular gene-expression analysis was performed. Also, db/db and db/m mice were used to perform glomerular gene-expression profiling. We generated DKD models using a high-fat diet and low-dose intraperitoneal streptozocin injection in C57BL/6 and Pcsk9 knockout (KO) mice. We analysed cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels within the kidney cortex. Lipid droplets were evaluated using BODIPY staining. We induced upregulation and downregulation of PCSK9 expression in conditionally immortalised mouse podocytes using lentivirus and siRNA transfection techniques, respectively, under diabetic conditions. RESULTS A significant reduction in transcription level of PCSK9 was observed in glomeruli of individuals with DKD. PCSK9 expression was also reduced in podocytes of animals under diabetic conditions. We observed significantly higher lipid accumulation in kidney tissues of Pcsk9 KO DKD mice compared with wild-type (WT) DKD mice. Additionally, Pcsk9 KO mouse models of DKD exhibited a significant reduction in mitochondria number vs WT models, coupled with a significant increase in mitochondrial size. Moreover, albuminuria and podocyte foot process effacement were observed in WT and Pcsk9 KO DKD mice, with KO DKD mice displaying more pronounced manifestations. Immortalised mouse podocytes exposed to diabetic stimuli exhibited heightened intracellular lipid accumulation, mitochondrial injury and apoptosis, which were ameliorated by Pcsk9 overexpression and aggravated by Pcsk9 knockdown in mouse podocytes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The downregulation of PCSK9 in podocytes is associated with lipid accumulation, which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis and renal injury. This study sheds new light on the potential involvement of PCSK9 in the pathophysiology of glomerular lipid accumulation and podocyte injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Yun Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Young Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonghun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Deng L, Li X, Ren X, Lai S, Zhu Y, Li J, Huang H, Mu Y. A grooved porous hydroxyapatite scaffold induces osteogenic differentiation via regulation of PKA activity by upregulating miR-129-5p expression. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:1238-1255. [PMID: 36222334 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hydroxyapatite scaffolds with different morphologies have been widely used in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to be extensively involved in regulating bone regeneration. We developed grooved porous hydroxyapatite (HAG) scaffolds with good osteogenic efficiency. However, little is known about the role of miRNAs in HAG scaffold-mediated promotion of bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to reveal the mechanism from the perspective of differential miRNA expression. METHODS Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to perform the coculture of cells and scaffolds. The miRNA profiles were generated by a microarray assay. A synthetic miR-129-5p mimic and inhibitor were used for overexpression or inhibition. The expression of osteogenic marker mRNAs and proteins was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. An ALP activity kit and alizarin red staining (ARS) were used to measure ALP activity and mineral deposition formation. Cell migration ability was examined by wound healing and transwell assays. Protein kinase A (PKA) activity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after miR-129-5p transfection. Target genes were identified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. H89 preculture evaluated the cross talk between miR-129-5p and PKA activity. Heterotopic implantation models, hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry staining, and micro-CT were used to evaluate miR-129-5p osteogenesis in vivo. RESULTS miRNAs were differentially expressed during osteogenic differentiation induced by HAG in vitro and in vivo. miR-129-5p was the only highly expressed miRNA both in vitro and in vivo. miR-129-5p overexpression promoted osteoblast differentiation and cell migration, while its inhibition weakened the effect of HAG. Moreover, miR-129-5p activated PKA to regulate the phosphorylation of β-catenin and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) by inhibiting cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha (Pkia). H89 prevented the effects of miR-129-5p on osteogenic differentiation and cell migration. HE, immunohistochemistry staining and micro-CT results showed that miR-129-5p promoted in vivo osteogenesis of the HAG scaffold. CONCLUSION The HAG scaffold activates Pka by upregulating miR-129-5p and inhibiting Pkia, resulting in CREB-dependent transcriptional activation and accumulation of β-catenin and promoting osteogenic marker expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xinlun Li
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Ren
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Lai
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushu Zhu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Xie RG, Chu WG, Liu DL, Wang X, Ma SB, Wang F, Wang FD, Lin Z, Wu WB, Lu N, Liu YY, Han WJ, Zhang H, Bai ZT, Hu SJ, Tao HR, Kuner T, Zhang X, Kuner R, Wu SX, Luo C. Presynaptic NMDARs on spinal nociceptor terminals state-dependently modulate synaptic transmission and pain. Nat Commun 2022; 13:728. [PMID: 35132099 PMCID: PMC8821657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Postsynaptic NMDARs at spinal synapses are required for postsynaptic long-term potentiation and chronic pain. However, how presynaptic NMDARs (PreNMDARs) in spinal nociceptor terminals control presynaptic plasticity and pain hypersensitivity has remained unclear. Here we report that PreNMDARs in spinal nociceptor terminals modulate synaptic transmission in a nociceptive tone-dependent manner. PreNMDARs depresses presynaptic transmission in basal state, while paradoxically causing presynaptic potentiation upon injury. This state-dependent modulation is dependent on Ca2+ influx via PreNMDARs. Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels are responsible for PreNMDARs-mediated synaptic depression. Rather, tissue inflammation induces PreNMDARs-PKG-I-dependent BDNF secretion from spinal nociceptor terminals, leading to SK channels downregulation, which in turn converts presynaptic depression to potentiation. Our findings shed light on the state-dependent characteristics of PreNMDARs in spinal nociceptor terminals on modulating nociceptive transmission and revealed a mechanism underlying state-dependent transition. Moreover, we identify PreNMDARs in spinal nociceptor terminals as key constituents of activity-dependent pain sensitization. Postsynaptic NMDARs at spinal synapses are required for postsynaptic long-term potentiation and chronic pain. Here, the authors show that also presynaptic NMDARs in spinal nociceptor terminals modulate synaptic transmission in a nociceptive tone-dependent manner.
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Zhang J, Rong P, Zhang L, He H, Zhou T, Fan Y, Mo L, Zhao Q, Han Y, Li S, Wang Y, Yan W, Chen H, You Z. IL4-driven microglia modulate stress resilience through BDNF-dependent neurogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/12/eabb9888. [PMID: 33731342 PMCID: PMC7968840 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb9888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is regulated by specific microglia groups and functionally implicated in behavioral responses to stress. However, the role of microglia in hippocampal neurogenesis and stress resilience remains unclear. We identified interleukin 4 (IL4)-driven microglia characterized by high expression of Arg1, which is critical in maintaining hippocampal neurogenesis and stress resistance. Decreasing Arg1+ microglia in the hippocampus by knocking down the microglial IL4R suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis and enhanced stress vulnerability. Increasing Arg1+ microglia in the hippocampus by enhancing IL4 signaling restored hippocampal neurogenesis and the resilience to stress-induced depression. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was found necessary for the proneurogenesis effects of IL4-driven microglia. Together, our findings suggest that IL4-driven microglia in the hippocampus trigger BDNF-dependent neurogenesis responding to chronic stress, helping protect against depressive-like symptoms. These findings identify the modulation of a specific microglial phenotype as a treatment strategy for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peijing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hui He
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonghua Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Li Mo
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Qiuying Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shaoyuan Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Yan
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Zili You
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
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Tweety-Homolog 1 Facilitates Pain via Enhancement of Nociceptor Excitability and Spinal Synaptic Transmission. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:478-496. [PMID: 33355899 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tweety-homolog 1 (Ttyh1) is expressed in neural tissue and has been implicated in the generation of several brain diseases. However, its functional significance in pain processing is not understood. By disrupting the gene encoding Ttyh1, we found a loss of Ttyh1 in nociceptors and their central terminals in Ttyh1-deficient mice, along with a reduction in nociceptor excitability and synaptic transmission at identified synapses between nociceptors and spinal neurons projecting to the periaqueductal grey (PAG) in the basal state. More importantly, the peripheral inflammation-evoked nociceptor hyperexcitability and spinal synaptic potentiation recorded in spinal-PAG projection neurons were compromised in Ttyh1-deficient mice. Analysis of the paired-pulse ratio and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents indicated a role of presynaptic Ttyh1 from spinal nociceptor terminals in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Interfering with Ttyh1 specifically in nociceptors produces a comparable pain relief. Thus, in this study we demonstrated that Ttyh1 is a critical determinant of acute nociception and pain sensitization caused by peripheral inflammation.
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Abstract
A resurgence in the development of newer gene therapy systems has led to recent successes in the treatment of B cell cancers, retinal degeneration and neuromuscular atrophy. Gene therapy offers the ability to treat the patient at the root cause of their malady by restoring normal gene function and arresting the pathological progression of their genetic disease. The current standard of care for most genetic diseases is based upon the symptomatic treatment with polypharmacy while minimizing any potential adverse effects attributed to the off-target and drug-drug interactions on the target or other organs. In the kidney, however, the development of gene therapy modifications to specific renal cells has lagged far behind those in other organ systems. Some positive strides in the past few years provide continued enthusiasm to invest the time and effort in the development of new gene therapy vectors for medical intervention to treat kidney diseases. This mini-review will systematically describe the pros and cons of the most commonly tested gene therapy vector systems derived from adenovirus, retrovirus, and adeno-associated virus and provide insight about their potential utility as a therapy for various types of genetic diseases in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Davis
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Frank Park
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Yang ZJ, Wang HR, Wang YI, Zhai ZH, Wang LW, Li L, Zhang C, Tang L. Myricetin Attenuated Diabetes-Associated Kidney Injuries and Dysfunction via Regulating Nuclear Factor (Erythroid Derived 2)-Like 2 and Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:647. [PMID: 31244660 PMCID: PMC6580432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Previous studies have suggested that myricetin (Myr) could promote the expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like (Nrf2). This study aimed to investigate whether Myr could attenuate diabetes-associated kidney injuries and dysfunction in wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 knockdown (Nrf2-KD) mice. Methods: Lentivirus-mediated Nrf2-KD and WT mice were used to establish type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. WT and Nrf2-KD mice were then randomly allocated into four groups: control (CON), Myr, STZ, and STZ + Myr. Myr (100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered for 6 months. Kidneys were harvested and weighed at the end of the experiment. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining were used to assess the morphology and fibrosis of the kidneys, respectively. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was used to test renal function. Western blotting was performed to determine oxidative-stress- or inflammation-associated signaling pathways. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of fibrosis or inflammatory cytokines at the message Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) level. Results: In WT mice, Myr alleviated DM-induced renal dysfunction, fibrosis, and oxidative damage and enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes. After knockdown of Nrf2, Myr treatment partially but significantly mitigated DM-induced renal dysfunction and fibrosis, which might be associated with inhibition of the I-kappa-B (IκB)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (P65) signaling pathway. Conclusions: This study showed that Myr prevented DM-associated decreased expression of Nrf2 and inhibited IκB/NF-κB (P65) signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of IκB/NF-κB (P65) signaling pathway is independent of the regulation of Nrf2. Thus, Myr could be a potential treatment for preventing the development and progression of DM-associated kidney injuries and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Yang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ru Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Iin Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhai
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liu-Wei Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Yoon CY, Park JT, Kee YK, Han SG, Han IM, Kwon YE, Park KS, Lee MJ, Han SH, Kang SW, Yoo TH. Low Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number is Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2717. [PMID: 26886611 PMCID: PMC4998611 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction may play an important role in abnormal glucose metabolism and systemic inflammation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We recruited 120 prevalent PD patients and determined mtDNA copy number by PCR. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality, whereas secondary outcomes included cardiovascular events, technical PD failure, and incident malignancy. Cox proportional hazards analysis determined the independent association of mtDNA copy number with outcomes. The mean patient age was 52.3 years; 42.5% were men. The mean log mtDNA copy number was 3.30 ± 0.50. During a follow-up period of 35.4 ± 19.3 months, all-cause mortality and secondary outcomes were observed in 20.0% and 59.2% of patients, respectively. Secondary outcomes were significantly lower in the highest mtDNA copy number group than in the lower groups. In multiple Cox analysis, the mtDNA copy number was not associated with all-cause mortality (lower two vs highest tertile: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.208, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.477-3.061). However, the highest tertile group was significantly associated with lower incidences of secondary outcomes (lower two vs highest tertile: HR [95% CI] = 0.494 [0.277-0.882]) after adjusting for confounding factors. The decreased mtDNA copy number was significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yun Yoon
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (C-YY, JTP, YKK, SGH, IMH, YEK, KSP, MJL, SHH, S-WK, T-HY), Yonsei University College of Medicine; and Severance Biomedical Science Institute (S-WK, T-HY), Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Kohan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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