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Mamun M, Zheng YC, Wang N, Wang B, Zhang Y, Pang JR, Shen DD, Liu HM, Gao Y. Decoding CLU (Clusterin): Conquering cancer treatment resistance and immunological barriers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112355. [PMID: 38851158 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
One major obstacle in the treatment of cancer is the presence of proteins resistant to cancer therapy, which can impede the effectiveness of traditional approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy. This resistance can lead to disease progression and cause treatment failure. Extensive research is currently focused on studying these proteins to create tailored treatments that can circumvent resistance mechanisms. CLU (Clusterin), a chaperone protein, has gained notoriety for its role in promoting resistance to a wide range of cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. The protein has also been discovered to have a role in regulating the immunosuppressive environment within tumors. Its ability to influence oncogenic signaling and inhibit cell death bolster cancer cells resistant against treatments, which poses a significant challenge in the field of oncology. Researchers are actively investigating to the mechanisms by which CLU exerts its resistance-promoting effects, with the ultimate goal of developing strategies to circumvent its impact and enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapies. By exploring CLU's impact on cancer, resistance mechanisms, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic strategies, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maa Mamun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jing-Ru Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Elchaninov A, Vishnyakova P, Kuznetsova M, Lokhonina A, Soboleva A, Trofimov D, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. Mimicking the cellular environment does not cause monocyte-derived macrophages to become phenotypically similar to Kupffer cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:381-395. [PMID: 38629182 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Resident macrophages of various mammalian organs are characterized by several distinctive features in their gene expression profile and phenotype, including involvement in the regulation of organ functions, as well as reduced sensitivity to proinflammatory activation factors. The reasons for the formation of such a specific phenotype remain the subject of intensive research. Some papers emphasize the role of the origin of organ macrophages. Other studies indicate that monocytes that develop in the red bone marrow are also able to form resident macrophages with a phenotype characteristic of a particular organ, but this requires appropriate microenvironmental conditions. In this article, we studied the possibility of differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages into cells with a Kupffer-like phenotype under the influence of the main stromal components of Kupffer cells macrophage niche: Ito cells, liver sinusoid endotheliocytes and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). It was found that Kupffer cells are characterized by several features, including increased expression of transcription factors Spic and Id3, as well as MUP family genes, Clusterin and Ngp genes. In addition, Kupffer cells were characterized by a higher proliferative activity. The expression of marker genes of Kupffer cells (i.e. Id3, Spic, Marco and Timd4) increased in monocyte-derived macrophages during coculture with Ito cells, liver sinusoid endothelial cells, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and HGF cells only by 3 days. However, the expression level of these genes was always higher in Kupffer cells. In addition, a complete coincidence of the expressed gene profile in monocyte-derived macrophages and Kupffer cells did not occur even after 3 days of culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of molecular research methods, Institute of Reproductive Genetics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Soboleva
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Trofimov
- Laboratory of molecular research methods, Institute of Reproductive Genetics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Gross C, Guérin LP, Socol BG, Germain L, Guérin SL. The Ins and Outs of Clusterin: Its Role in Cancer, Eye Diseases and Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13182. [PMID: 37685987 PMCID: PMC10488069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a glycoprotein originally discovered in 1983 in ram testis fluid. Rapidly observed in other tissues, it was initially given various names based on its function in different tissues. In 1992, it was finally named CLU by consensus. Nearly omnipresent in human tissues, CLU is strongly expressed at fluid-tissue interfaces, including in the eye and in particular the cornea. Recent research has identified different forms of CLU, with the most prominent being a 75-80 kDa heterodimeric protein that is secreted. Another truncated version of CLU (55 kDa) is localized to the nucleus and exerts pro-apoptotic activities. CLU has been reported to be involved in various physiological processes such as sperm maturation, lipid transportation, complement inhibition and chaperone activity. CLU was also reported to exert important functions in tissue remodeling, cell-cell adhesion, cell-substratum interaction, cytoprotection, apoptotic cell death, cell proliferation and migration. Hence, this protein is sparking interest in tissue wound healing. Moreover, CLU gene expression is finely regulated by cytokines, growth factors and stress-inducing agents, leading to abnormally elevated levels of CLU in many states of cellular disturbance, including cancer and neurodegenerative conditions. In the eye, CLU expression has been reported as being severely increased in several pathologies, such as age-related macular degeneration and Fuch's corneal dystrophy, while it is depleted in others, such as pathologic keratinization. Nevertheless, the precise role of CLU in the development of ocular pathologies has yet to be deciphered. The question of whether CLU expression is influenced by these disorders or contributes to them remains open. In this article, we review the actual knowledge about CLU at both the protein and gene expression level in wound healing, and explore the possibility that CLU is a key factor in cancer and eye diseases. Understanding the expression and regulation of CLU could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Gross
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Bianca G. Socol
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Augusto JF, Beauvillain C, Poli C, Paolini L, Tournier I, Pignon P, Blanchard S, Preisser L, Soleti R, Delépine C, Monnier M, Douchet I, Asfar P, Beloncle F, Guisset O, Prével R, Mercat A, Vinatier E, Goret J, Subra JF, Couez D, Wilson MR, Blanco P, Jeannin P, Delneste Y. Clusterin Neutralizes the Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Properties of Extracellular Histones in Sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:176-187. [PMID: 37141109 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1253oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Extracellular histones, released into the surrounding environment during extensive cell death, promote inflammation and cell death, and these deleterious roles have been well documented in sepsis. Clusterin (CLU) is a ubiquitous extracellular protein that chaperones misfolded proteins and promotes their removal. Objectives: We investigated whether CLU could protect against the deleterious properties of histones. Methods: We assessed CLU and histone expression in patients with sepsis and evaluated the protective role of CLU against histones in in vitro assays and in vivo models of experimental sepsis. Measurements and Main Results: We show that CLU binds to circulating histones and reduces their inflammatory, thrombotic, and cytotoxic properties. We observed that plasma CLU levels decreased in patients with sepsis and that the decrease was greater and more durable in nonsurvivors than in survivors. Accordingly, CLU deficiency was associated with increased mortality in mouse models of sepsis and endotoxemia. Finally, CLU supplementation improved mouse survival in a sepsis model. Conclusions: This study identifies CLU as a central endogenous histone-neutralizing molecule and suggests that, in pathologies with extensive cell death, CLU supplementation may improve disease tolerance and host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Augusto
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2ICAT, Angers, France
- Département de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation
| | - Céline Beauvillain
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
| | - Caroline Poli
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
| | - Léa Paolini
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Tournier
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Pascale Pignon
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Simon Blanchard
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
| | - Laurence Preisser
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Raffaella Soleti
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Chloé Delépine
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Marine Monnier
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Douchet
- UMR-CNRS, ImmunConcept, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
- Université de Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | - François Beloncle
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | | | | | - Alain Mercat
- UMR-CNRS, ImmunConcept, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emeline Vinatier
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
| | - Julien Goret
- UMR-CNRS, ImmunConcept, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Subra
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Département de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation
| | - Dominique Couez
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; and
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick Blanco
- UMR-CNRS, ImmunConcept, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascale Jeannin
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
| | - Yves Delneste
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, CRCIICAT, Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Allergologie, and
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Martynova E, Stott-Marshall RJ, Shakirova V, Saubanova A, Bulatova A, Davidyuk YN, Kabwe E, Markelova M, Khaertynova I, Foster TL, Khaiboullina S. Differential Cytokine Responses and the Clinical Severity of Adult and Pediatric Nephropathia Epidemica. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087016. [PMID: 37108178 PMCID: PMC10139191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephropathia epidemica (NE), caused by the hantavirus infection, is endemic in Tatarstan Russia. The majority of patients are adults, with infection rarely diagnosed in children. This limited number of pediatric NE cases means there is an inadequate understanding of disease pathogenesis in this age category. Here, we have analyzed clinical and laboratory data in adults and children with NE to establish whether and how the disease severity differs between the two age groups. Serum cytokines were analyzed in samples collected from 11 children and 129 adult NE patients during an outbreak in 2019. A kidney toxicity panel was also used to analyze urine samples from these patients. Additionally, serum and urine samples were analyzed from 11 control children and 26 control adults. Analysis of clinical and laboratory data revealed that NE was milder in children than in adults. A variation in serum cytokine activation could explain the differences in clinical presentation. Cytokines associated with activation of Th1 lymphocytes were prominent in adults, while they were obscured in sera from pediatric NE patients. In addition, a prolonged activation of kidney injury markers was found in adults with NE, whilst only a short-lasting activation of these markers was observed in children with NE. These findings support previous observations of age differences in NE severity, which should be considered when diagnosing the disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Martynova
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Robert J Stott-Marshall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Yuriy N Davidyuk
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria Markelova
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Toshana L Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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6
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Zhang M, Wu L, Deng Y, Peng F, Wang T, Zhao Y, Chen P, Liu J, Cai G, Wang L, Wu J, Chen X. Single Cell Dissection of Epithelial-Immune Cellular Interplay in Acute Kidney Injury Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857025. [PMID: 35603220 PMCID: PMC9114878 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the acute kidney injury (AKI) microenvironment changes and the complex cellular interaction is essential to elucidate the mechanisms and develop new targeted therapies for AKI. Methods We employed unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing to systematically resolve the cellular atlas of kidney tissue samples from mice at 1, 2 and 3 days after ischemia-reperfusion AKI and healthy control. The single-cell transcriptome findings were validated using multiplex immunostaining, western blotting, and functional experiments. Results We constructed a systematic single-cell transcriptome atlas covering different AKI timepoints with immune cell infiltration increasing with AKI progression. Three new proximal tubule cells (PTCs) subtypes (PTC-S1-new/PTC-S2-new/PTC-S3-new) were identified, with upregulation of injury and repair-regulated signatures such as Sox9, Vcam1, Egr1, and Klf6 while with downregulation of metabolism. PTC-S1-new exhibited pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signature compared to normal PTC, and trajectory analysis revealed that proliferating PTCs were the precursor cell of PTC-S1-new, and part of PTC-S1-new cells may turn into PTC-injured and then become fibrotic. Cellular interaction analysis revealed that PTC-S1-new and PTC-injured interacted closely with infiltrating immune cells through CXCL and TNF signaling pathways. Immunostaining validated that injured PTCs expressed a high level of TNFRSF1A and Kim-1, and functional experiments revealed that the exogenous addition of TNF-α promoted kidney inflammation, dramatic injury, and specific depletion of TNFRSF1A would abrogate the injury. Conclusions The single-cell profiling of AKI microenvironment provides new insight for the deep understanding of molecular changes of AKI, and elucidates the mechanisms and developing new targeted therapies for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyao Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaona Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
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7
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Weng X, Li J, Guan Q, Zhao H, Wang Z, Gleave ME, Nguan CY, Du C. The functions of clusterin in renal mesenchymal stromal cells: Promotion of cell growth and regulation of macrophage activation. Exp Cell Res 2022; 413:113081. [PMID: 35218723 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) increases resistance to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes renal tissue repair. However, the mechanisms underlying of the renal protection of CLU remain unknown. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may contribute to kidney cell turnover and injury repair. This study investigated the in vitro functions of CLU in kidney mesenchymal stromal cells (KMSCs). KMSCs were grown in plastic culture plates. Cell surface markers, apoptosis and phagocytosis were determined by flow cytometry, and CLU protein by Western blot. There were no differences in the expression of MSC markers (positive: CD133, Sca-1, CD44, CD117 and NG2, and negative: CD34, CD45, CD163, CD41, CD276, CD138, CD79a, CD146 and CD140b) and in the trilineage differentiation to chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes between wild type (WT) and CLU knockout (KO) KMSCs. CLU was expressed intracellularly and secreted by WT KMSCs, and it was up-regulated by hypoxia. CLU did not prevent hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis but promoted cell growth in KMSC cultures. Furthermore, incubation with CLU-containing culture medium from WT KMSCs increased CD206 expression and phagocytic capacity of macrophages. In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrate the function of CLU in the promotion of KMSCs proliferation, and it may be required for KMSCs-regulated macrophage M2 polarization and phagocytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Weng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthamology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Haimei Zhao
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zihuan Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher Yc Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Tan J, Guo W, Yang S, Han D, Li H. The multiple roles and therapeutic potential of clusterin in non-small-cell lung cancer: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2683-2697. [PMID: 34295670 PMCID: PMC8264340 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common form of cancer, with an estimated 2.09 million new cases and 1.76 million of death cause in 2018. It is categorized into two subtypes, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although platinum-based chemotherapy or molecular targeted drugs is recommended for advanced stages of NSCLC patients, however, resistance to drug and chemotherapy are hindrances for patients to fully beneficial from these treatments. Clusterin (CLU), also known as apolipoprotein J, is a versatile chaperone molecule which produced by a wide array of tissues and found in most biologic fluids. There are studies reported high expression of CLU confers resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in different lung cancer cell lines. By silencing CLU using Custirsen (OGX-011), a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that inhibits CLU production, not only could sensitized cells to chemo- and radiotherapy, also could decreased their metastatic potential. We will review here the extensive literature linking CLU to NSCLC, update the current state of research on CLU for better understanding of this unique protein and the development of more effective anti- CLU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juofang Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingpei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Abd El-Khalik SR, Sharaby RM, Nasif E, Hamza MB, Ibrahim RR. Netrin-1 and clusterin: Innovative potential diagnostic biomarkers for early renal damage in β-thalassemia major children. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:800-810. [PMID: 33715293 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM) suffer from tubular dysfunction even before the onset of any renal impairment symptoms and/or clinical signs. Therefore, identifying innovative biomarkers allowing early renal damage detection has focused attention. AIM This study aims to preliminary assess Netrin-1(NTN-1) and clusterin (CLU) in β-TM children and explore their possible roles as surrogate noninvasive biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this study, 40 β-TM children and 30 healthy children were enrolled. Routine serum and urinary biochemical variables were determined. Urinary NTN-1 and CLU levels were measured using ELISA and their mRNA expression in PBMCs were assayed using real-time PCR. Serum TNF-α, MDA levels and GST activity were measured. RESULTS Urinary NTN-1 and CLU concentrations and mRNA relative expression levels in PBMCs were significantly increased in β-TM children relative to controls. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers revealed significant elevation in β-TM children compared to controls. The change in these parameters correlated significantly with other renal parameters. ROC curves analysis showed that urinary NTN-1 and CLU levels are of promising diagnostic performance. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that NTN-1 and CLU are qualified as new noninvasive biomarker panels for early detection of renal injury in β-TM children. Moreover, urinary NTN-1 is recommended as a precise one during the clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ragab Abd El-Khalik
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Elham Nasif
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Rowida Raafat Ibrahim
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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10
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Rawls KD, Dougherty BV, Vinnakota KC, Pannala VR, Wallqvist A, Kolling GL, Papin JA. Predicting changes in renal metabolism after compound exposure with a genome-scale metabolic model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 412:115390. [PMID: 33387578 PMCID: PMC7859602 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The kidneys are metabolically active organs with importance in several physiological tasks such as the secretion of soluble wastes into the urine and synthesizing glucose and oxidizing fatty acids for energy in fasting (non-fed) conditions. Once damaged, the metabolic capability of the kidneys becomes altered. Here, we define metabolic tasks in a computational modeling framework to capture kidney function in an update to the iRno network reconstruction of rat metabolism using literature-based evidence. To demonstrate the utility of iRno for predicting kidney function, we exposed primary rat renal proximal tubule epithelial cells to four compounds with varying levels of nephrotoxicity (acetaminophen, gentamicin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, and trichloroethylene) for six and twenty-four hours, and collected transcriptomics and metabolomics data to measure the metabolic effects of compound exposure. For the transcriptomics data, we observed changes in fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, as well as changes in existing markers of kidney function such as Clu (clusterin). The iRno metabolic network reconstruction was used to predict alterations in these same pathways after integrating transcriptomics data and was able to distinguish between select compound-specific effects on the proximal tubule epithelial cells. Genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions with coupled omics data can be used to predict changes in metabolism as a step towards identifying novel metabolic biomarkers of kidney function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher D Rawls
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bonnie V Dougherty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kalyan C Vinnakota
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (HJF), Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Venkat R Pannala
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (HJF), Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Anders Wallqvist
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Glynis L Kolling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jason A Papin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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11
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Sun P, Feng S, Guan Q, Adomat H, Barbour S, Gleave ME, Nguan CYC, Xu W, Du C. Clusterin Deficiency Predisposes C57BL/6j Mice to Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin-Induced Glomerular Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:969-983. [PMID: 33262633 PMCID: PMC7699998 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s285985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a specific entity of glomerulonephritis, and its glomerular inflammation is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane and proteinuria. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the glomerular inflammation of MN are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate the role of clusterin (CLU) in the development of MN using a mouse model of cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA)-induced MN. Methods Both wild-type C57BL/6j (WT) and CLU-knockout C57BL/6j (CLU-KO) mice were immunized with cBSA. The kidney function was determined by the levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary protein. MN and glomerular deposits of CLU, complement C3 and immunoglobulins (Igs) were determined by histological analyses. Serum proteins were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Here, we showed that after cBSA immunization, SCr and proteinuria were increased in CLU-KO mice but not in WT mice. Similarly, severe glomerular atrophy and mesangial expansion along with C3 deposit were only found in the kidneys of CLU-KO mice but not in WT mice. However, there were no differences of serum IgG and complement 3 levels between CLU-KO and WT mice. In the serum of WT mice, CLU bound to anti-cBSA IgG, complements (eg, C8), proteinase/protease inhibitors and antioxidative proteins to form a complex, and incubation with WT serum reduced the complement-dependent lysis of podocytes in cultures. Conclusion Our data suggest that a CLU deficiency induces cBSA-initiated glomerular inflammation of MN in a disease-resistant strain of mice, suggesting an anti-glomerular inflammatory function of CLU in the resistance to MN development. This function may be at least in part due to the formation of CLU-anti-cBSA Igs complex that prevents glomerular inflammation or injury in the disease-resistant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Sun
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijian Feng
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.,Department of Urology, Institute of Reconstructive Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Hans Adomat
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Sean Barbour
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5T 3A5, Canada
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Christopher Y C Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Wanhai Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Department of Urology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
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12
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Weng X, Zhao H, Guan Q, Shi G, Feng S, Gleave ME, Nguan CC, Du C. Clusterin regulates macrophage expansion, polarization and phagocytic activity in response to inflammation in the kidneys. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:274-287. [PMID: 32935392 PMCID: PMC7984284 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a multifunctional protein localized extracellularly and intracellularly. Although CLU-knockout (KO) mice are more susceptible to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), the mechanisms underlying the actions of CLU in IRI are not fully understood. Macrophages are key regulators of IRI severity and tissue repair. Therefore, we investigated the role of CLU in macrophage polarization and phagocytosis. Renal IRI was induced in wild-type (WT) or CLU-KO C57BL/6 mice by clamping the renal pedicles for 30 min at 32°C. Peritoneal macrophages were activated via an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Renal tissue damage was examined using histology, whereas leukocyte phenotypes were assessed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. We found that monocytes/macrophages expressed the CLU protein that was upregulated by hypoxia. The percentages of macrophages (F4/80+ , CD11b+ or MAC3+ ) infiltrating the kidneys of WT mice were significantly less than those in CLU-KO mice after IRI. The M1/M2 phenotype ratio of the macrophages in WT kidneys decreased at day 7 post-IRI when the injury was repaired, whereas that in KO kidneys increased consistently as tissue injury persisted. In response to LPS stimulation, WT mice produced fewer M1 macrophages, but not M2, than the control did. Phagocytosis was stimulated by CLU expression in macrophages compared with the CLU null controls and by the exogenous CLU protein. In conclusion, CLU suppresses macrophage infiltration and proinflammatory M1 polarization during the recovery period following IRI, and enhances phagocytic activity, which may be partly responsible for tissue repair in the kidneys of WT mice after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Weng
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Haimei Zhao
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330004, China
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Shijian Feng
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Christopher Cy Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
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13
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Transcriptomic analysis reveals dynamic molecular changes in skin induced by mechanical forces secondary to tissue expansion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15991. [PMID: 32994433 PMCID: PMC7524724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue expansion procedures (TE) utilize mechanical forces to induce skin growth and regeneration. While the impact of quick mechanical stimulation on molecular changes in cells has been studied extensively, there is a clear gap in knowledge about sequential biological processes activated during long-term stimulation of skin in vivo. Here, we present the first genome-wide study of transcriptional changes in skin during TE, starting from 1 h to 7 days of expansion. Our results indicate that mechanical forces from a tissue expander induce broad molecular changes in gene expression, and that these changes are time-dependent. We revealed hierarchical changes in skin cell biology, including activation of an immune response, a switch in cell metabolism and processes related to muscle contraction and cytoskeleton organization. In addition to known mechanoresponsive genes (TNC, MMPs), we have identified novel candidate genes (SFRP2, SPP1, CCR1, C2, MSR1, C4A, PLA2G2F, HBB), which might play crucial roles in stretched-induced skin growth. Understanding which biological processes are affected by mechanical forces in TE is important for the development of skin treatments to maximize the efficacy and minimize the risk of complications during expansion procedures.
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14
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Shiva N, Sharma N, Kulkarni YA, Mulay SR, Gaikwad AB. Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury: An insight on in vitro and in vivo models. Life Sci 2020; 256:117860. [PMID: 32534037 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Optimal tissue oxygenation is essential for its normal function. Suboptimal oxygenation or ischemia contributes to increased mortalities during various pathological conditions such as stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), cardiac failure. Despite the rapid progression of renal tissue injury, the mechanism underlying renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains highly unclear. Experimental in vitro and in vivo models epitomizing the fundamental process is critical to the research of the pathogenesis of IRI and the development of plausible therapeutics. In this review, we describe the in vitro and in vivo models of IRI, ranges from proximal tubular cell lines to surgery-based animal models like clamping of both renal pedicles (bilateral IRI), clamping of one renal pedicle (unilateral IRI), clamping of one/or both renal arteries/or vein, or unilateral IRI with contralateral nephrectomy (uIRIx). Also, advanced technologies like three-dimensional kidney organoids, kidney-on-a-chip are explained. This review provides thoughtful information for establishing reliable and pertinent models for studying IRI-associated acute renal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Shiva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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15
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Tarquini C, Pucci S, Scioli MG, Doldo E, Agostinelli S, D'Amico F, Bielli A, Ferlosio A, Caredda E, Tarantino U, Orlandi A. Clusterin exerts a cytoprotective and antioxidant effect in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10129-10146. [PMID: 32516132 PMCID: PMC7346069 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease characterized by destruction of articular cartilage. OA-induced cartilage degeneration causes inflammation, oxidative stress and the hypertrophic shift of quiescent chondrocytes. Clusterin (CLU) is a ubiquitous glycoprotein implicated in many cellular processes and its upregulation has been recently reported in OA cartilage. However, the specific role of CLU in OA cartilage injury has not been investigated yet. We analyzed CLU expression in human articular cartilage in vivo and in cartilage-derived chondrocytes in vitro. CLU knockdown in OA chondrocytes was also performed and its effect on proliferation, hypertrophic phenotype, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress was investigated. CLU expression was upregulated in human OA cartilage and in cultured OA cartilage-derived chondrocytes compared with control group. CLU knockdown reduced cell proliferation and increased hypertrophic phenotype as well as apoptotic death. CLU-silenced OA chondrocytes showed higher MMP13 and COL10A1 as well as greater TNF-α, Nox4 and ROS levels. Our results indicate a possible cytoprotective role of CLU in OA chondrocytes promoting cell survival by its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and counteracting the hypertrophic phenotypic shift. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of CLU in order to identify a new potential therapeutic target for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tarquini
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Pucci
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Doldo
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Agostinelli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico D'Amico
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Ferlosio
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Caredda
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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16
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Lukaszewski M, Kosiorowska K, Banasik M, Koscielska-Kasprzak K, Krajewska M. Effect of Perioperative Optimization of Arterial Oxygen Content and Perfusion Pressure on the Function of the Transplanted Kidney in the Retrospective Study of Excretory Function and Assessment of New Markers of Kidney Damage: IL-18, Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin, and Clusterin. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2284-2287. [PMID: 32312533 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.01.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of anesthesia, in which kidney perfusion is optimized, the use of nephrotoxic drugs is avoided, and general anesthesia with protective and preconditioning properties of the graft is applied, is a key element of the therapeutic strategy in kidney transplantation (KTx). MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 86 patients (mean age: 49.4 ± 14.0 years, 66% men) with end-stage renal disease who underwent KTx between 2012 and 2015 were included in this retrospective study. Our aim was to assess the effect of oxygen content in arterial blood and selected hemodynamic parameters on the graft function and the occurrence of delayed graft failure. RESULTS No differences were found in baseline characteristics, indication for transplantation, and surgical technique used among study population. No correlation was found between oxygen delivery exponents and both standard markers of renal function and new biochemical markers (eg, IL-18, clusterin, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]). DISCUSSION In our study, hemodynamic parameters measured at scheduled intervals did not exceed the physiological range, which might have been the reason for the lack of correlation between the function of graft and the described hemodynamic conditions. At the same time, in the observed ranges of perfusion pressure during optimization of the oxygen content, no correlations were found with the postoperative function of the transplanted kidney. That observation could be a valuable conclusion for reducing the tendency of maintaining high blood pressure with the abuse of catecholamines, especially vasoconstrictors, and volume therapy, whose negative effect on tissue perfusion is unequivocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marceli Lukaszewski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kinga Kosiorowska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Banasik
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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17
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Deciphering the potential pharmaceutical mechanism of Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan on rat bone and kidney based on the "kidney governing bone" theory. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:146. [PMID: 32295616 PMCID: PMC7161198 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan (GZZSZTW) is an effective Chinese medicinal formulation for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) designed according to the "kidney governing bone" theory, which has been widely used as a golden guide for treating bone and cartilage diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism underlying its effects on the bone and kidney. METHODS Preparation and quality control were performed as previously described. Since GZZSZTW is orally administered in the form of pills prepared in boiled water, the Chinese materia medica (CMM) mixture of this formula was extracted with distilled water by a reflux method and was then filtered through a 0.45-μm Hollow Fiber Cartridge (GE Healthcare, USA). The filtrate was freeze-dried by a Heto PowerDry LL3000 Freeze Dryer (Thermo, USA) and stored at - 80 °C. The effects of GZZSZTW on gene expression and regulation of both kidney and bone tissues were investigated using a state-of-the-art RNA-seq technology. RESULTS We demonstrated that GZZSZTW could enhance kidney function and suppress bone formation and resorption by modulating the activities of osteoblast and osteoclast, and might subsequently contribute to the inhibition of osteophyte formation during the process of OA. These effects might be achieved by the synergistic interactions of various herbs and their active components in GZZSZTW, which increased the expression levels of functional genes participating in kidney function, regulation, and repair, and then decreased the expression levels of genes involved in bone formation and resorption. Thus, our findings were consistent with the "kidney governing bone" theory, which has been widely used as a guide in clinical practice for thousands of years. CONCLUSIONS This study has deepened the current knowledge about the molecular effects of GZZSZTW on bone and kidney regulation. Furthermore, this study might be able to provide possible strategies to further prevent and treat joint diseases by using traditional Chinese medicinal formulations following the "kidney governing bone" theory.
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18
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Kang Y, Li Y, Wen H, Zhu J, Zheng J, Feng Z. Prevention of renal ischemia and reperfusion injury by penehyclidine hydrochloride through autophagy activation. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2182-2192. [PMID: 32186764 PMCID: PMC7115187 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) suppresses renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI); however, the underlying mechanism of action that achieves this function remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of autophagy in PHC‑induced suppression of renal IRI, as well as the involvement of cell proliferation and apoptosis. A rat IRI model and a cellular hypoxia/oxygenation (H/R) model were established; PHC, 3‑methyladenine (3‑MA) and rapamycin (Rapa) were administered to the IRI model rats prior to I/R induction and to H/R cells following reperfusion. Serum creatinine was measured using a biochemistry analyzer, whereas aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) expression levels were detected using ELISA kits. Renal tissue injury was evaluated by histological examination. In addition, microtubule‑associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) expression, autophagosome formation, cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected in the cellular H/R model. The results demonstrated that I/R induced renal injury in IRI model rats, upregulated serum creatinine, ALAT and ASAT expression levels, and increased autophagic processes. In contrast, pretreatment with PHC or Rapa significantly prevented these I/R‑induced changes, whereas the administration of 3‑MA enhanced I/R‑induced injuries through suppressing autophagy. PHC and Rapa increased LC3B and Beclin‑1 expression levels, but decreased sequestome 1 (p62) expression in the cellular H/R model, whereas 3‑MA prevented these PHC‑induced changes. PHC and Rapa promoted proliferation and autophagy in the cellular H/R model; these effects were accompanied by increased expression levels of LC3B and Beclin‑1, and reduced p62 expression levels, whereas these levels were inhibited by 3‑MA. Furthermore, PHC and Rapa inhibited apoptosis in the cellular H/R model through increasing Bcl‑2 expression levels, and suppressing Bax and caspase‑3 expression levels; the opposite effect was induced by 3‑MA. In conclusion, PHC suppressed renal IRI through the induction of autophagy, which in turn promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201599, P.R. China
| | - Yuebing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Heng Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201599, P.R. China
| | - Jiangbo Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201599, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoming Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201599, P.R. China
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19
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Han F, Konkalmatt P, Mokashi C, Kumar M, Zhang Y, Ko A, Farino ZJ, Asico LD, Xu G, Gildea J, Zheng X, Felder RA, Lee REC, Jose PA, Freyberg Z, Armando I. Dopamine D 2 receptor modulates Wnt expression and control of cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16861. [PMID: 31727925 PMCID: PMC6856370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the most conserved signaling pathways across species with essential roles in development, cell proliferation, and disease. Wnt signaling occurs at the protein level and via β-catenin-mediated transcription of target genes. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating the expression of the key Wnt ligand Wnt3a or the modulation of its activity. Here, we provide evidence that there is significant cross-talk between the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Our data suggest that D2R-dependent cross-talk modulates Wnt3a expression via an evolutionarily-conserved TCF/LEF site within the WNT3A promoter. Moreover, D2R signaling also modulates cell proliferation and modifies the pathology in a renal ischemia/reperfusion-injury disease model, via its effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Together, our results suggest that D2R is a transcriptional modulator of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction with broad implications for health and development of new therapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Dependovirus/genetics
- Dependovirus/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Genetic Vectors/chemistry
- Genetic Vectors/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Primary Cell Culture
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/genetics
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Transfection
- Wnt3A Protein/genetics
- Wnt3A Protein/metabolism
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Prasad Konkalmatt
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Chaitanya Mokashi
- Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Megha Kumar
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Allen Ko
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zachary J Farino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Laureano D Asico
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - John Gildea
- Department of Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Zheng
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Robin A Felder
- Department of Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Robin E C Lee
- Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Ines Armando
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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20
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Iłżecka J, Iłżecki M, Grabarska A, Dave S, Feldo M, Zubilewicz T. Clusterin as a potential marker of brain ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Ups J Med Sci 2019; 124:193-198. [PMID: 31460820 PMCID: PMC6758642 DOI: 10.1080/03009734.2019.1646359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical procedure used in the prevention of ischemic stroke. However, this procedure can cause complications of ischemia-reperfusion injury to the brain. Clusterin (CLU) is a cytoprotective chaperone protein that is released from neurons in response to various neurological injuries. The objective of the study was to report the changes in serum CLU concentrations of patients undergoing CEA. Materials and methods: The study involved 25 patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis. Serum samples were taken from patients at three different times: within 24 hours preoperatively to CEA, 12 hours postoperatively, and 48 hours postoperatively. Serum CLU concentrations were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: When compared to concentrations preoperatively, the serum CLU concentration initially decreased during the 12 hours following CEA. However, 48 hours following the procedure there was an increase in the CLU concentration. After statistical analysis, differences were detected in serum CLU concentration between all three recorded measurements (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Data from our study indicate that serum CLU concentrations are affected after CEA. We hypothesize that serum CLU concentrations may depend on brain ischemia-reperfusion injury following this surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Iłżecka
- Independent Neurological Rehabilitation Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- CONTACT Joanna Iłżecka, MD, PhD Independent Neurological Rehabilitation Unit, S. Staszica 4/6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Iłżecki
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aneta Grabarska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Shawn Dave
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Marcin Feldo
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zubilewicz
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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21
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[Proteome analysis of undiluted vitreous humor in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion]. Ophthalmologe 2019; 115:203-215. [PMID: 28247073 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-017-0469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological mechanisms of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To analyze the protein profile of human vitreous of patients with BRVO and to identify specific dysregulated proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Undiluted vitreous humor samples from patients with treatment naïve BRVO and 15 controls with idiopathic floaters were analyzed in this clinical-experimental study using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a mass spectrometer (CE-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Quantitative analysis of the dysregulated proteins was performed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein-protein interactions were depicted with the STRING database. RESULTS A total of 84 proteins were found in the human vitreous samples of 15 patients with BRVO and 15 controls. In all, 14 proteins were significant when comparing the signal intensities of BRVO and control samples. Six significant dysregulated proteins with p < 0.001 were further verified with ELISA. Clusterin, complement factor C3, prostaglandin-H2 D‑isomerase and vitronectin were significantly upregulated in the BRVO group and opticin was downregulated. The protein interactions analysis showed associations with inflammatory cascades, matrix changes, mechanisms of cell survival und death. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study reveal that the proteomic composition of vitreous humor differed significantly between the patients with BRVO and the controls. Whether the identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for pathophysiology, diagnostics or therapy should be examine in further studies.
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22
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Gcm1 is involved in cell proliferation and fibrosis during kidney regeneration after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7883. [PMID: 31133638 PMCID: PMC6536531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute kidney injury (AKI), the S3 segment of the proximal tubule is particularly damaged, as it is most vulnerable to ischemia. However, this region is also involved in renal tubular regeneration. To deeply understand the mechanism of the repair process after ischemic injury in AKI, we focused on glial cells missing 1 (Gcm1), which is one of the genes expressed in the S3 segment. Gcm1 is essential for the development of the placenta, and Gcm1 knockout (KO) is embryonically lethal. Thus, the function of Gcm1 in the kidney has not been analyzed yet. We analyzed the function of Gcm1 in the kidney by specifically knocking out Gcm1 in the kidney. We created an ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model to observe the repair process after AKI. We found that Gcm1 expression was transiently increased during the recovery phase of IRI. In Gcm1 conditional KO mice, during the recovery phase of IRI, tubular cell proliferation reduced and transforming growth factor-β1 expression was downregulated resulting in a reduction in fibrosis. In vitro, Gcm1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and upregulated TGF-β1 expression. These findings indicate that Gcm1 is involved in the mechanisms of fibrosis and cell proliferation after ischemic injury of the kidney.
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23
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Sarhan M, Land WG, Tonnus W, Hugo CP, Linkermann A. Origin and Consequences of Necroinflammation. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:727-780. [PMID: 29465288 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When cells undergo necrotic cell death in either physiological or pathophysiological settings in vivo, they release highly immunogenic intracellular molecules and organelles into the interstitium and thereby represent the strongest known trigger of the immune system. With our increasing understanding of necrosis as a regulated and genetically determined process (RN, regulated necrosis), necrosis and necroinflammation can be pharmacologically prevented. This review discusses our current knowledge about signaling pathways of necrotic cell death as the origin of necroinflammation. Multiple pathways of RN such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis have been evolutionary conserved most likely because of their differences in immunogenicity. As the consequence of necrosis, however, all necrotic cells release damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that have been extensively investigated over the last two decades. Analysis of necroinflammation allows characterizing specific signatures for each particular pathway of cell death. While all RN-pathways share the release of DAMPs in general, most of them actively regulate the immune system by the additional expression and/or maturation of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In addition, DAMPs have been demonstrated to modulate the process of regeneration. For the purpose of better understanding of necroinflammation, we introduce a novel classification of DAMPs in this review to help detect the relative contribution of each RN-pathway to certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Sarhan
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Walter G Land
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Wulf Tonnus
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Christian P Hugo
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
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24
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Lee G, Jeon S, Lee SK, Cheon B, Moon S, Park JG, Cho KO, Choi J. Quantitative evaluation of renal parenchymal perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in dogs. J Vet Sci 2018; 18:507-514. [PMID: 28385013 PMCID: PMC5746444 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.4.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated whether renal perfusion changes can be noninvasively estimated by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and investigated the correlation between renal perfusion measured by CEUS and necrosis and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. In six dogs with experimentally induced renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, changes in time to peak intensity, peak intensity, and area under the curve were measured on CEUS. Peak intensity and area under the curve of the renal cortex began to decrease on day 1 (about 20% lower than baseline) and reached the lowest levels (about 50% of baseline) on day 4. They then gradually increased until day 10, at which time peak intensity was about 87% and area under the curve was about 95% of baseline; neither fully recovered. Both parameters were strongly correlated with the necrosis scores on histopathologic examination on day 4 (r = −0.810 of peak intensity and r = −0.886 of area under the curve). CEUS allowed quantitative evaluation of perfusion changes in acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and CEUS results were correlated with renal tubular damage on histopathologic examination. Thus, CEUS could be a noninvasive, quantitative diagnostic method for determining progress of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gahyun Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Jeon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sang-Kwon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Byunggyu Cheon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sohyeon Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Oh Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jihye Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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25
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Thorenz A, Derlin K, Schröder C, Dressler L, Vijayan V, Pradhan P, Immenschuh S, Jörns A, Echtermeyer F, Herzog C, Chen R, Rong S, Bräsen JH, van Kooten C, Kirsch T, Klemann C, Meier M, Klos A, Haller H, Hensen B, Gueler F. Enhanced activation of interleukin-10, heme oxygenase-1, and AKT in C5aR2-deficient mice is associated with protection from ischemia reperfusion injury-induced inflammation and fibrosis. Kidney Int 2018; 94:741-755. [PMID: 29935951 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) results in rapid complement activation, acute kidney injury and progressive renal fibrosis. Little is known about the roles of the C5aR1 and C5aR2 complement receptors in IRI. In this study C5aR1-/- and C5aR2-/- mice were compared to the wild type in a renal IRI model leading to renal fibrosis. C5a receptor expression, kidney morphology, inflammation, and fibrosis were measured in different mouse strains one, seven and 21 days after IRI. Renal perfusion was evaluated by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Protein abundance and phosphorylation were assessed with high content antibody microarrays and Western blotting. C5aR1 and C5aR2 were increased in damaged tubuli and even more in infiltrating leukocytes after IRI in kidneys of wild-type mice. C5aR1-/- and C5aR2-/- animals developed less IRI-induced inflammation and showed better renal perfusion than wild-type mice following IRI. C5aR2-/- mice, in particular, had enhanced tubular and capillary regeneration with less renal fibrosis. Anti-inflammatory IL-10 and the survival/growth kinase AKT levels were especially high in kidneys of C5aR2-/- mice following IRI. LPS caused bone marrow-derived macrophages from C5aR2-/- mice to release IL-10 and to express the stress response enzyme heme oxygenase-1. Thus, C5aR1 and C5aR2 have overlapping actions in which the kidneys of C5aR2-/- mice regenerate better than those in C5aR1-/- mice following IRI. This is mediated, at least in part, by differential production of IL-10, heme oxygenase-1 and AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Thorenz
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Derlin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Vijith Vijayan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pooja Pradhan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Immenschuh
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Jörns
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Echtermeyer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Herzog
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Torsten Kirsch
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Klemann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Center of Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Meier
- Imaging Center of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Klos
- Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bennet Hensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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26
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Greite R, Thorenz A, Chen R, Jang MS, Rong S, Brownstein MJ, Tewes S, Wang L, Baniassad B, Kirsch T, Bräsen JH, Lichtinghagen R, Meier M, Haller H, Hueper K, Gueler F. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury causes hypertension and renal perfusion impairment in the CD1 mice which promotes progressive renal fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F881-F892. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00519.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a severe complication of major surgery and a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. Here, we investigated mechanisms that might contribute to IRI-induced progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was induced by unilateral IRI for 35 min in CD1 and C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Unilateral IRI was used to overcome early mortality. Renal morphology, NGAL upregulation, and neutrophil infiltration as well as peritubular capillary density were studied by immunohistochemistry. The composition of leukocyte infiltrates in the kidney after IRI was investigated by flow cytometry. Systemic blood pressure was measured with a tail cuff, and renal perfusion was quantified by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Mesangial matrix expansion was assessed by silver staining. Following IRI, CD1 and B6 mice developed similar morphological signs of AKI and increases in NGAL expression, but neutrophil infiltration was greater in CD1 than B6 mice. IRI induced an increase in systemic blood pressure of 20 mmHg in CD1, but not in B6 mice; and CD1 mice also had a greater loss of renal perfusion and kidney volume than B6 mice ( P < 0.05). CD1 mice developed substantial interstitial fibrosis and decreased peritubular capillary (PTC) density by day 14 while B6 mice showed only mild renal scarring and almost normal PTC. Our results show that after IRI, CD1 mice develop more inflammation, hypertension, and later mesangial matrix expansion than B6 mice do. Subsequently, CD1 animals suffer from CKD due to impaired renal perfusion and pronounced permanent loss of peritubular capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greite
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Thorenz
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mi-Sun Jang
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- The Transplantation Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | | | - Susanne Tewes
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Li Wang
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Meier
- Imaging Center, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Katja Hueper
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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27
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Abdallah BM, Alzahrani AM, Kassem M. Secreted Clusterin protein inhibits osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by suppressing ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Bone 2018; 110:221-229. [PMID: 29476977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Secreted Clusterin (sCLU, also known as Apolipoprotein J) is an anti-apoptotic glycoprotein involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, lipid transport, extracellular tissue remodeling and apoptosis. sCLU is expressed and secreted by mouse bone marrow-derived skeletal (stromal or mesenchymal) stem cells (mBMSCs), but its functional role in MSC biology is not known. In this study, we demonstrated that Clusterin mRNA expression and protein secretion in conditioned medium increased during adipocyte differentiation and decreased during osteoblast differentiation of mBMSCs. Treatment of mBMSC cultures with recombinant sCLU protein increased cell proliferation and exerted an inhibitory effect on the osteoblast differentiation while stimulated adipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. siRNA-mediated silencing of Clu expression in mBMSCs reduced adipocyte differentiation and stimulated osteoblast differentiation of mBMSCs. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of sCLU on the osteoblast differentiation of mBMSCs was mediated by the suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. In conclusion, we identified sCLU as a regulator of mBMSCs lineage commitment to osteoblasts versus adipocytes through a mechanism mediated by ERK1/2 signaling. Inhibiting sCLU is a possible therapeutic approach for enhancing osteoblast differentiation and consequently bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem M Abdallah
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia; Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, DanStem (Danish Stem Cell Center), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Peix L, Evans IC, Pearce DR, Simpson JK, Maher TM, McAnulty RJ. Diverse functions of clusterin promote and protect against the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1906. [PMID: 29382921 PMCID: PMC5789849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive scarring disorder of the lung with dismal prognosis and no curative therapy. Clusterin, an extracellular chaperone and regulator of cell functions, is reduced in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. However, its distribution and role in normal and fibrotic human lung are incompletely characterized. Immunohistochemical localization of clusterin revealed strong staining associated with fibroblasts in control lung and morphologically normal areas of fibrotic lung but weak or undetectable staining in fibrotic regions and particularly fibroblastic foci. Clusterin also co-localized with elastin in vessel walls and additionally with amorphous elastin deposits in fibrotic lung. Analysis of primary lung fibroblast isolates in vitro confirmed the down-regulation of clusterin expression in fibrotic compared with control lung fibroblasts and further demonstrated that TGF-β1 is capable of down-regulating fibroblast clusterin expression. shRNA-mediated down-regulation of clusterin did not affect TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation but inhibited fibroblast proliferative responses and sensitized to apoptosis. Down-regulation of clusterin in fibrotic lung fibroblasts at least partly due to increased TGF-β1 may therefore represent an appropriate but insufficient response to limit fibroproliferation. Reduced expression of clusterin in the lung may also limit its extracellular chaperoning activity contributing to dysregulated deposition of extracellular matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizzy Peix
- UCL Respiratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, Rayne Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Iona C Evans
- UCL Respiratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, Rayne Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
- UCL Institute for Woman's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - David R Pearce
- UCL Respiratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, Rayne Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | | | - Toby M Maher
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- Fibrosis Research Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Robin J McAnulty
- UCL Respiratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, Rayne Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
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29
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Rohne P, Wolf S, Dörr C, Ringen J, Holtz A, Gollan R, Renner B, Prochnow H, Baiersdörfer M, Koch-Brandt C. Exposure of vital cells to necrotic cell lysates induce the IRE1α branch of the unfolded protein response and cell proliferation. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:77-88. [PMID: 28687980 PMCID: PMC5741583 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis is a form of cell death that is detrimental to the affected tissue because the cell ruptures and releases its content (reactive oxygen species among others) into the extracellular space. Clusterin (CLU), a cytoprotective extracellular chaperone has been shown to be upregulated in the face of necrosis. We here show that in addition to CLU upregulation, necrotic cell lysates induce JNK/SAPK signaling, the IRE1α branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR), the MAPK/ERK1/2, and the mTOR signaling pathways and results in an enhanced proliferation of the vital surrounding cells. We name this novel response mechanism: Necrosis-induced Proliferation (NiP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rohne
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Steven Wolf
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Carolin Dörr
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Ringen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrew Holtz
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - René Gollan
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Renner
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Prochnow
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Baiersdörfer
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Koch-Brandt
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry - Therapeutical Life Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becherweg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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30
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Göcze I, Wiesner C, Schlitt HJ, Bergler T. Renal recovery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2017; 31:403-414. [PMID: 29248146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recovery patterns after acute kidney injury (AKI) have increasingly become the focus of research, because currently available preventive measures and specific therapeutic intervention are limited. Moreover, changes in renal functional reserve are recognized as a "hidden" indicator of kidney susceptibility to either acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. Understanding these phenomena and their association with outcome may enable the initiation of strategies that facilitate fast and sustained recovery during the time course of AKI and limit AKI progression towards chronic kidney disease. Different interventions may be required during various phases of AKI continuum. Early recognition and prevention of second hit by kidney stress, treatment of cause and prevention of aggravation in the early phase of AKI and facilitation of recovery in the phase of acute kidney disease may together represent the key aspects of modern AKI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Göcze
- Department of Surgery and Operative Intensive Care, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Christina Wiesner
- Department of Surgery and Operative Intensive Care, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery and Operative Intensive Care, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bergler
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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31
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Forni LG, Darmon M, Ostermann M, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Pettilä V, Prowle JR, Schetz M, Joannidis M. Renal recovery after acute kidney injury. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43:855-866. [PMID: 28466146 PMCID: PMC5487594 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-017-4809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of critical illness and carries a significant risk of short- and long-term mortality, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events. The degree of renal recovery from AKI may substantially affect these long-term endpoints. Therefore maximising recovery of renal function should be the goal of any AKI prevention and treatment strategy. Defining renal recovery is far from straightforward due in part to the limitations of the tests available to assess renal function. Here, we discuss common pitfalls in the evaluation of renal recovery and provide suggestions for improved assessment in the future. We review the epidemiology of renal recovery and of the association between AKI and the development of CKD. Finally, we stress the importance of post-discharge follow-up of AKI patients and make suggestions for its incorporation into clinical practice. Summary key points are that risk factors for non-recovery of AKI are age, CKD, comorbidity, higher severity of AKI and acute disease scores. Second, AKI and CKD are mutually related and seem to have a common denominator. Third, despite its limitations full recovery of AKI may best be defined as the absence of AKI criteria, and partial recovery as a fall in AKI stage. Fourth, after an episode of AKI, serial follow-up measurements of serum creatinine and proteinuria are warranted to diagnose renal impairment and prevent further progression. Measures to promote recovery are similar to those preventing renal harm. Specific interventions promoting repair are still experimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Forni
- Intensive Care Unit and Surrey Perioperative Anaesthesia and Critical Care Collaborative Research Group, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford, UK.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - M Darmon
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Hopital Nord, CHU Saint-Etienne, Ave. Albert Raimon, 42270 Saint-Prient-en-Jarez, EA3065, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - M Ostermann
- Department of Critical Care and Nephrology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - H M Oudemans-van Straaten
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Pettilä
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J R Prowle
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Adult Critical Care Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - M Schetz
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Clinical Department and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, KU Leuven University, Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - M Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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32
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Bickley LK, van Aerle R, Brown AR, Hargreaves A, Huby R, Cammack V, Jackson R, Santos EM, Tyler CR. Bioavailability and Kidney Responses to Diclofenac in the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1764-1774. [PMID: 28068076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is one of the most widely prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs worldwide. It is frequently detected in surface waters; however, whether this pharmaceutical poses a risk to aquatic organisms is debated. Here we quantified the uptake of diclofenac by the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) following aqueous exposure (0.2-25.0 μg L-1) for 21 days, and evaluated the tissue and biomolecular responses in the kidney. Diclofenac accumulated in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in the plasma of exposed fish. The highest plasma concentration observed (for fish exposed to 25 μg L-1 diclofenac) was within the therapeutic range for humans. There was a strong positive correlation between exposure concentration and the number of developing nephrons observed in the posterior kidney. Diclofenac was not found to modulate the expression of genes in the kidney associated with its primary mode of action in mammals (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases) but modulated genes associated with kidney repair and regeneration. There were no significant adverse effects following 21 days exposure to concentrations typical of surface waters. The combination of diclofenac's uptake potential, effects on kidney nephrons and relatively small safety margin for some surface waters may warrant a longer term chronic health effects analysis for diclofenac in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Bickley
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Ronny van Aerle
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, U.K
| | - A Ross Brown
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Adam Hargreaves
- AstraZeneca Drug Safety and Metabolism, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, U.K
- PathCelerate Ltd. The BioHub at Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Russell Huby
- Bioscript, St Peter's Institute , Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 7HS, U.K
| | - Victoria Cammack
- AstraZeneca Global Environment, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, U.K
| | - Richard Jackson
- AstraZeneca Drug Safety and Metabolism, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, U.K
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London , De Crespigny Park, Box 63, SE5 8AF, London, U.K
| | - Eduarda M Santos
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
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33
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Guo J, Guan Q, Liu X, Wang H, Gleave ME, Nguan CYC, Du C. Relationship of clusterin with renal inflammation and fibrosis after the recovery phase of ischemia-reperfusion injury. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:133. [PMID: 27649757 PMCID: PMC5028988 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term outcomes after acute kidney injury (AKI) include incremental loss of function and progression towards chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the pathogenesis of AKI to CKD remains largely unknown. Clusterin (CLU) is a chaperone-like protein that reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and enhances tissue repair after IRI in the kidney. This study investigated the role of CLU in the transition of IRI to renal fibrosis. Methods IRI was induced in the left kidneys of wild type (WT) C57BL/6J (B6) versus CLU knockout (KO) B6 mice by clamping the renal pedicles for 28 min at the body temperature of 32 °C. Tissue damage was examined by histology, infiltrate phenotypes by flow cytometry analysis, and fibrosis-related gene expression by PCR array. Results Reduction of kidney weight was induced by IRI, but was not affected by CLU KO. Both WT and KO kidneys had similar function with minimal cellular infiltration and fibrosis at day 14 of reperfusion. After 30 days, KO kidneys had greater loss in function than WT, indicated by the higher levels of both serum creatinine and BUN in KO mice, and exhibited more cellular infiltration (CD8 cells and macrophages), more tubular damage and more severe tissue fibrosis (glomerulopathy, interstitial fibrosis and vascular fibrosis). PCR array showed the association of CLU deficiency with up-regulation of CCL12, Col3a1, MMP9 and TIMP1 and down-regulation of EGF in these kidneys. Conclusion Our data suggest that CLU deficiency worsens renal inflammation and tissue fibrosis after IRI in the kidney, which may be mediated through multiple pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0348-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher Y C Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, VGH-Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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34
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Dairi G, Guan Q, Roshan-Moniri M, Collins CC, Ong CJ, Gleave ME, Nguan CYC, Du C. Transcriptome-Based Analysis of Molecular Pathways for Clusterin Functions in Kidney Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2628-38. [PMID: 27155085 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a chaperone-like protein and plays a protective role against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); however, the molecular pathways for its functions in the kidney are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate CLU-mediating pathways in kidney cells by using bioinformatics analysis. CLU null renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) expressing human CLU cDNA (TEC-CLU(hCLU) ) or empty vector (TEC-CLU(-/-) ) were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (1% O2 ). Transcriptome profiling with a significant twofold change was performed using SurePrint G3 Mouse Gene Expression 8 × 60 K microarray, and the signaling pathways was ranked by using Ingenuity pathway analysis. Here, we showed that compared to CLU null controls, ectopic expression of human CLU in CLU null kidney cells promoted cell growth but inhibited migration in normoxia, and enhanced cell survival in hypoxia. CLU expression affected expression of 3864 transcripts (1893 up-regulated) in normoxia and 3670 transcripts (1925 up-regulated) in hypoxia. CLU functions in normoxia were associated mostly with AKT2/PPP2R2B-dependent PI3K/AKT, PTEN, VEGF, and ERK/MAPK signaling and as well with GSK3B-mediated cell cycle progression. In addition to unfolded protein response (UPR) and/or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, CLU-enhanced cell survival in hypoxia was also associated with PIK3CD/MAPK1-dependent PI3K/AKT, HIF-α, PTEN, VEGF, and ERK/MAPK signaling. In conclusion, our data showed that CLU functions in kidney cells were mainly mediated in a cascade manner by PI3K/AKT, PTEN, VEGF, and ERK/MAPK signaling, and specifically by activation of UPR/ER stress in hypoxia, providing new insights into the protective role of CLU in the kidney. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2628-2638, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghida Dairi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Graduate School, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Colin C Collins
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher Y C Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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35
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Le Clef N, Verhulst A, D’Haese PC, Vervaet BA. Unilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion as a Robust Model for Acute to Chronic Kidney Injury in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152153. [PMID: 27007127 PMCID: PMC4805266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an underestimated, yet important risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even after initial total recovery of renal function, some patients develop progressive and persistent deterioration of renal function and these patients are more likely to progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Animal models are indispensable for unravelling the mechanisms underlying this progression towards CKD and ESRD and for the development of new therapeutic strategies in its prevention or treatment. Ischemia (i.e. hypoperfusion after surgery, bleeding, dehydration, shock, or sepsis) is a major aetiology in human AKI, yet unilateral ischemia-reperfusion is a rarely used animal model for research on CKD and fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate in C57Bl/6J mice, by both histology and gene expression, that unilateral ischemia-reperfusion without contralateral nephrectomy is a very robust model to study the progression from acute renal injury to long-term tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, i.e. the histopathological hallmark of CKD. Furthermore, we report that the extent of renal fibrosis, in terms of Col I, TGFβ, CCN2 and CCN3 expression and collagen I immunostaining, increases with increasing body temperature during ischemia and ischemia-time. Thus, varying these two main determinants of ischemic injury allows tuning the extent of the long-term fibrotic outcome in this model. Finally, in order to cover the whole practical finesse of ischemia-reperfusion and allow model and data transfer, we provide a referenced overview on crucial technical issues (incl. anaesthesia, analgesia, and pre- and post-operative care) with the specific aim of putting starters in the right direction of implementing ischemia in their research and stimulate them, as well as the community, to have a critical view on ischemic literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Le Clef
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Patrick C. D’Haese
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Benjamin A. Vervaet
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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36
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Yu B, Yang Y, Liu H, Gong M, Millard RW, Wang YG, Ashraf M, Xu M. Clusterin/Akt Up-Regulation Is Critical for GATA-4 Mediated Cytoprotection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Ischemia Injury. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151542. [PMID: 26962868 PMCID: PMC4786134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clusterin (Clu) is a stress-responding protein with multiple biological functions. Our preliminary microarray studies show that clusterin was prominently upregulated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing GATA-4 (MSCGATA-4). We hypothesized that the upregulation of clusterin is involved in overexpression of GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection. Methods MSCs harvested from bone marrow of rats were transduced with GATA-4. The expression of clusterin in MSCs was further confirmed by real-time PCR and western blotting. Simulation of ischemia was achieved by exposure of MSCs to a hypoxic environment. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from MSCs was served as a biomarker of cell injury and MTs uptake was used to estimate cell viability. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and caspase 3/7 activity. Results (1) Clusterin expression was up-regulated in MSCGATA-4 compared to control MSCs transfected with empty-vector (MSCNull). MSCGATA-4 were tolerant to 72 h hypoxia exposure as shown by reduced LDH release and higher MTs uptake. This protection was abrogated by transfecting Clu-siRNA into MSCGATA-4. (2) Exogenous clusterin significantly decreased LDH release and increased MSC survival in hypoxic environment. Moreover, ΔΨm was maintained and caspase 3/7 activity was reduced by clusterin in a concentration-dependent manner. (3) p-Akt expression in MSCs was upregulated following pre-treatment with clusterin, with no change in total Akt. Moreover, cytoprotection mediated by clusterin was partially abrogated by Akt inhibitor LY294002. Conclusions Clusterin/Akt signaling pathway is involved in GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection against hypoxia stress. It is suggested that clusterin may be therapeutically exploited in MSC based therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yueting Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ronald W. Millard
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yi-Gang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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37
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Lohkamp LN, Öllinger R, Chatzigeorgiou A, Illigens BMW, Siepmann T. Intraoperative biomarkers in renal transplantation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2016; 21:188-99. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Nanna Lohkamp
- Department of Neurosurgery with Pediatric Neurosurgery; Charité-University Medicine, Campus Virchow; Berlin Germany
- Center for Clinical Research and Management Education; Division of Health Care Sciences; Dresden International University; Dresden Germany
| | - Robert Öllinger
- Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery; Charité-University Medicine, Campus Virchow; Berlin Germany
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Paul-Langerhans Institute Dresden; German Center for Diabetes Research; Dresden Germany
| | - Ben Min-Woo Illigens
- Center for Clinical Research and Management Education; Division of Health Care Sciences; Dresden International University; Dresden Germany
- Department of Neurology; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Timo Siepmann
- Center for Clinical Research and Management Education; Division of Health Care Sciences; Dresden International University; Dresden Germany
- Department of Neurology; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts USA
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38
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Jacobo-Estrada T, Cardenas-Gonzalez M, Santoyo-Sánchez M, Parada-Cruz B, Uria-Galicia E, Arreola-Mendoza L, Barbier O. Evaluation of kidney injury biomarkers in rat amniotic fluid after gestational exposure to cadmium. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1183-93. [PMID: 26815315 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a well-characterized nephrotoxic agent that is also capable of accumulating and diffusing across the placenta; however, only a few studies have addressed its effects over fetal kidneys and none of them has used a panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the detection of kidney injury. The goal of this study was to determine cadmium renal effects in rat fetuses by the quantification of early kidney injury biomarkers. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed by inhalation to an isotonic saline solution or to CdCl2 solution (DDel =1.48 mg Cd kg(-1) day(-1) ) during gestational days (GD) 8-20. On GD 21, dams were euthanized and samples obtained. Kidney injury biomarkers were quantified in amniotic fluid samples and fetal kidneys were microscopically evaluated to search for histological alterations. Our results showed that cadmium exposure significantly raised albumin, osteopontin, vascular endothelial growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 levels in amniotic fluid, whereas it decreased creatinine. Clusterin, calbindin and IFN-inducible protein 10 did not show any change. Accordingly, histological findings showed tubular damage and precipitations in the renal pelvis. In conclusion, gestational exposure to cadmium induces structural alterations in fetal renal tissue that can be detected by some kidney injury biomarkers in amniotic fluid samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Jacobo-Estrada
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., México
| | - Mariana Cardenas-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., México
| | - Mitzi Santoyo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., México
| | - Benjamín Parada-Cruz
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., México
| | - Esther Uria-Galicia
- Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, CP 11340, México, D.F., México
| | - Laura Arreola-Mendoza
- Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, CP 07340, México, D.F., México
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., México
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Burks SR, Nguyen BA, Tebebi PA, Kim SJ, Bresler MN, Ziadloo A, Street JM, Yuen PST, Star RA, Frank JA. Pulsed focused ultrasound pretreatment improves mesenchymal stromal cell efficacy in preventing and rescuing established acute kidney injury in mice. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1241-53. [PMID: 25640064 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) infusions improve acute kidney injury (AKI) outcomes when administered early after ischemic/reperfusion injury or within 24 hours after cisplatin administration. These findings have spurred several human clinical trials to prevent AKI. However, no specific therapy effectively treats clinically obvious AKI or rescues renal function once advanced injury is established. We investigated if noninvasive image-guided pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) could alter the kidney microenvironment to enhance homing of subsequently infused MSC. To examine the efficacy of pFUS-enhanced cell homing in disease, we targeted pFUS to kidneys to enhance MSC homing after cisplatin-induced AKI. We found that pFUS enhanced MSC homing at 1 day post-cisplatin, prior to renal functional deficits, and that enhanced homing improved outcomes of renal function, tubular cell death, and regeneration at 5 days post-cisplatin compared to MSC alone. We then investigated whether pFUS+MSC therapy could rescue established AKI. MSC alone at 3 days post-cisplatin, after renal functional deficits were obvious, significantly improved 7-day survival of animals. Survival was further improved by pFUS and MSC. pFUS prior to MSC injections increased IL-10 production by MSC that homed to kidneys and generated an anti-inflammatory immune cell profile in treated kidneys. This study shows pFUS is a neoadjuvant approach to improve MSC homing to diseased organs. pFUS with MSC better prevents AKI than MSC alone and allows rescue therapy in established AKI, which currently has no meaningful therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Burks
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Imaging Sciences Training Program, Clinical Center and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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40
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Alnasser HA, Guan Q, Zhang F, Gleave ME, Nguan CYC, Du C. Requirement of clusterin expression for prosurvival autophagy in hypoxic kidney tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F160-73. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00304.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular autophagy is a prosurvival mechanism in the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but the molecular pathways that activate the autophagy in ischemic kidneys are not fully understood. Clusterin (CLU) is a chaperone-like protein, and its expression is associated with kidney resistance to IRI. The present study investigated the role of CLU in prosurvival autophagy in the kidney. Renal IRI was induced in mice by clamping renal pedicles at 32°C for 45 min. Hypoxia in renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) cultures was induced by exposure to a 1% O2 atmosphere. Autophagy was determined by either light chain 3-BII expression with Western blot analysis or light chain 3-green fluorescent protein aggregation with confocal microscopy. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometric analysis. The unfolded protein response was determined by PCR array. Here, we showed that autophagy was significantly activated by IRI in wild-type (WT) but not CLU-deficient kidneys. Similarly, autophagy was activated by hypoxia in human proximal TECs (HKC-8) and WT mouse primary TECs but was impaired in CLU-null TECs. Hypoxia-activated autophagy was CLU dependent and positively correlated with cell survival, and inhibition of autophagy significantly promoted cell death in both HKC-8 and mouse WT/CLU-expressing TECs but not in CLU-null TECs. Further experiments showed that CLU-dependent prosurvival autophagy was associated with activation of the unfolded protein response in hypoxic kidney cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that activation of prosurvival autophagy by hypoxia in kidney cells requires CLU expression and may be a key cytoprotective mechanism of CLU in the protection of the kidney from hypoxia/ischemia-mediated injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A. Alnasser
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin E. Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher Y. C. Nguan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
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41
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Lombardi D, Becherucci F, Romagnani P. How much can the tubule regenerate and who does it? An open question. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 31:1243-50. [PMID: 26175143 PMCID: PMC4967725 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The tubular compartment of the kidney is the primary site of a wide range of insults that can result in acute kidney injury (AKI), a condition associated with high mortality and an increased risk to develop end-stage renal disease. Nevertheless, kidney function is often quickly recovered after tubular injury. How this happens has only partially been unveiled. Indeed, although it has clearly been demonstrated that regenerated epithelial cells arise from survived intratubular cells, the true entity, as well as the cellular source of this regenerative process, remains mostly unknown. Is whichever proximal tubular epithelial cell able to dedifferentiate and divide to replace neighboring lost tubular cells, thus suggesting an extreme regenerative ability of residual tubular epithelium, or is the regenerative potential of tubular epithelium limited, and mostly related to a preexisting population of intratubular scattered progenitor cells which are more resistant to death? Gaining insights on how this process takes place is essential for developing new therapeutic strategies to prevent AKI, as well as AKI-related chronic kidney disease. The aim of this review is to discuss why the answers to these questions are still open, and how further investigations are needed to understand which is the true regenerative potential of the tubule and who are the players that allow functional recovery after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duccio Lombardi
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Becherucci
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence, Italy Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Zhang A, Uaesoontrachoon K, Shaughnessy C, Das JR, Rayavarapu S, Brown KJ, Ray PE, Nagaraju K, van den Anker JN, Hoffman EP, Hathout Y. The use of urinary and kidney SILAM proteomics to monitor kidney response to high dose morpholino oligonucleotides in the mdx mouse. Toxicol Rep 2015. [PMID: 26213685 PMCID: PMC4512206 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMO) are used as a promising exon-skipping gene therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). One potential complication of high dose PMO therapy is its transient accumulation in the kidneys. Therefore new urinary biomarkers are needed to monitor this treatment. Here, we carried out a pilot proteomic profiling study using stable isotope labeling in mammals (SILAM) strategy to identify new biomarkers to monitor the effect of PMO on the kidneys of the dystrophin deficient mouse model for DMD (mdx-23). We first assessed the baseline renal status of the mdx-23 mouse compared to the wild type (C57BL10) mouse, and then followed the renal outcome of mdx-23 mouse treated with a single high dose intravenous PMO injection (800 mg/kg). Surprisingly, untreated mdx-23 mice showed evidence of renal injury at baseline, which was manifested by albuminuria, increased urine output, and changes in established urinary biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI). The PMO treatment induced further transient renal injury, which peaked at 7 days, and returned to almost the baseline status at 30 days post-treatment. In the kidney, the SILAM approach followed by western blot validation identified changes in Meprin A subunit alpha at day 2, then returned to normal levels at day 7 and 30 after PMO injection. In the urine, SILAM approach identified an increase in Clusterin and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 as potential candidates to monitor the transient renal accumulation of PMO. These results, which were confirmed by Western blots or ELISA, demonstrate the value of the SILAM approach to identify new candidate biomarkers of renal injury in mdx-23 mice treated with high dose PMO. Chemical compounds studied in this article: Phosphorodiamidate morpholino (PubChem CID: 22140692); isoflurane (PubChem CID: 3763); formic acid (PubChem CID: 284); acetonitrile (PubChem CID: 6342); acetone (PubChem CID: 180); methanol (PubChem CID: 887).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Zhang
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Kitipong Uaesoontrachoon
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Conner Shaughnessy
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Jharna R Das
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Sree Rayavarapu
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Kristy J Brown
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Patricio E Ray
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - John N van den Anker
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Yetrib Hathout
- The Centers for Genetic Medicine Research and Translational Science, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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43
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Wang R, Xiao X, Wang PY, Wang L, Guan Q, Du C, Wang XJ. Stimulation of autophagic activity in human glioma cells by anti-proliferative ardipusilloside I isolated from Ardisia pusilla. Life Sci 2014; 110:15-22. [PMID: 24984215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ardipusilloside I (ADS-I), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Ardisia pusilla A.DC (Myrsinaceae), has been recently tested for cancer treatment including brain cancer. However, the mechanism of its action remains elusive. The present study was to investigate the role of autophagy activation in the anti-tumor activities of ADS-I in human glioma cells. MAIN METHODS The tetrazolium dye (MTT) colorimetric assay was used for the measurement of cell proliferation in cultured glioma cells, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the examination of autophagic activity, flow cytometric analysis for the determination of cell cycle and apoptotic cells, and immunocytochemistry and Western blot for protein expression of microtubule-associated protein light-chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin 1. KEY FINDINGS ADS-I significantly inhibited the proliferation of both U373 and T98G glioma cells in cultures in a dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxic activity of ADS-I against glioma cell growth was associated not only with the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and cell apoptosis in flow cytometric analysis, but also with the activation of autophagy, indicated by the formation of autophagosomes and up-regulated expression of both autophagic protein Beclin 1 and LC3 in glioma cells. Additionally, the treatment with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, reduced ADS-1-mediated cell death. SIGNIFICANCE These data suggest that the anti-proliferative activity of ADS-I in human glioma cells is associated with the activation of autophagy in addition to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and the antagonistic effect of chloroquine suggests an important role of autophagy in ADS-I-mediated cell death against tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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