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Bennett S, Tiollier E, Owens DJ, Brocherie F, Louis JB. Implications of Heat Stress-induced Metabolic Alterations for Endurance Training. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:422-435. [PMID: 38401534 DOI: 10.1055/a-2251-3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Inducing a heat-acclimated phenotype via repeated heat stress improves exercise capacity and reduces athletes̓ risk of hyperthermia and heat illness. Given the increased number of international sporting events hosted in countries with warmer climates, heat acclimation strategies are increasingly popular among endurance athletes to optimize performance in hot environments. At the tissue level, completing endurance exercise under heat stress may augment endurance training adaptation, including mitochondrial and cardiovascular remodeling due to increased perturbations to cellular homeostasis as a consequence of metabolic and cardiovascular load, and this may improve endurance training adaptation and subsequent performance. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the metabolic impact of heat stress during endurance exercise, including proposed underlying mechanisms of altered substrate utilization. Against this metabolic backdrop, the current literature highlighting the role of heat stress in augmenting training adaptation and subsequent endurance performance will be presented with practical implications and opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bennett
- Center for Biological Clocks Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - Eve Tiollier
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance, Research Department, Institut National du Sport de l'Expertise et de la Performance, Paris, France
| | - Daniel J Owens
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Franck Brocherie
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance, Research Department, Institut National du Sport de l'Expertise et de la Performance, Paris, France
| | - Julien B Louis
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance, Research Department, Institut National du Sport de l'Expertise et de la Performance, Paris, France
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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2
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Corbett J, Young JS, Tipton MJ, Costello JT, Williams TB, Walker EF, Lee BJ, Stevens CE. Molecular biomarkers for assessing the heat-adapted phenotype: a narrative scoping review. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:26. [PMID: 37848829 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat acclimation/acclimatisation (HA) mitigates heat-related decrements in physical capacity and heat-illness risk and is a widely advocated countermeasure for individuals operating in hot environments. The efficacy of HA is typically quantified by assessing the thermo-physiological responses to a standard heat acclimation state test (i.e. physiological biomarkers), but this can be logistically challenging, time consuming, and expensive. A valid molecular biomarker of HA would enable evaluation of the heat-adapted state through the sampling and assessment of a biological medium. This narrative review examines candidate molecular biomarkers of HA, highlighting the poor sensitivity and specificity of these candidates and identifying the current lack of a single 'standout' biomarker. It concludes by considering the potential of multivariable approaches that provide information about a range of physiological systems, identifying a number of challenges that must be overcome to develop a valid molecular biomarker of the heat-adapted state, and highlighting future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Corbett
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
| | - J S Young
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, UK
| | - M J Tipton
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - J T Costello
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - T B Williams
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - E F Walker
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - B J Lee
- Occupational and Environmental Physiology Group, Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - C E Stevens
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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3
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Ebisuda Y, Mukai K, Takahashi Y, Yoshida T, Kawano A, Matsuhashi T, Miyata H, Kuwahara M, Ohmura H. Acute exercise in a hot environment increases heat shock protein 70 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α mRNA in Thoroughbred horse skeletal muscle. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1230212. [PMID: 37671280 PMCID: PMC10475567 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1230212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat acclimatization or acclimation training in horses is practiced to reduce physiological strain and improve exercise performance in the heat, which can involve metabolic improvement in skeletal muscle. However, there is limited information concerning the acute signaling responses of equine skeletal muscle after exercise in a hot environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that exercise in hot conditions induces greater changes in heat shock proteins and mitochondrial-related signaling in equine skeletal muscle compared with exercise in cool conditions. Fifteen trained Thoroughbred horses [4.6 ± 0.4 (mean ± SE) years old; 503 ± 14 kg] were assigned to perform a treadmill exercise test in cool conditions [COOL; Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), 12.5°C; n = 8] or hot conditions (HOT; WBGT, 29.5°C; n = 7) consisting of walking at 1.7 m/s for 1 min, trotting at 4 m/s for 5 min, and cantering at 7 m/s for 2 min and at 90% of VO2max for 2 min, followed by walking at 1.7 m/s for 20 min. Heart rate during exercise and plasma lactate concentration immediately after exercise were measured. Biopsy samples were obtained from the middle gluteal muscle before and at 4 h after exercise, and relative quantitative analysis of mRNA expression using real-time RT-PCR was performed. Data were analyzed with using mixed models. There were no significant differences between the two groups in peak heart rate (COOL, 213 ± 3 bpm; HOT, 214 ± 4 bpm; p = 0.782) and plasma lactate concentration (COOL, 13.1 ± 1.4 mmoL/L; HOT, 17.5 ± 1.7 mmoL/L; p = 0.060), while HSP-70 (COOL, 1.9-fold, p = 0.207; HOT, 2.4-fold, p = 0.045), PGC-1α (COOL, 3.8-fold, p = 0.424; HOT, 8.4-fold, p = 0.010), HIF-1α (COOL, 1.6-fold, p = 0.315; HOT, 2.2-fold, p = 0.018) and PDK4 (COOL, 7.6-fold, p = 0.412; HOT, 14.1-fold, p = 0.047) mRNA increased significantly only in HOT at 4 h after exercise. These data indicate that acute exercise in a hot environment facilitates protective response to heat stress (HSP-70), mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α and HIF-1α) and fatty acid oxidation (PDK4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusaku Ebisuda
- Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Mukai
- Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Yoshida
- Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Aoto Kawano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Matsuhashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohmura
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Inashiki, Japan
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Saraswati SSK, Rana AK, Singh A, Anang V, Singh A, Natarajan K. HSP-27 and HSP-70 negatively regulate protective defence responses from macrophages during mycobacterial infection. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105126. [PMID: 36931492 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis attenuates many defence responses from alveolar macrophages to create a niche at sites of infection in the human lung. Levels of Heat Shock Proteins have been reported to increase many folds in the serum of active TB patients than in latently infected individuals. Here we investigated the regulation of key defence responses by HSPs during mycobacterial infection. We show that infection of macrophages with M. bovis BCG induces higher expression of HSP-27 and HSP-70. Inhibiting HSP-27 and HSP-70 prior to mycobacterial infection leads to a significant decrease in mycobacterial growth inside macrophages. Further, inhibiting HSPs resulted in a significant increase in intracellular oxidative burst levels. This was accompanied by an increase in the levels of T cell activation molecules CD40 and IL-12 receptor and a concomitant decrease in the levels of T cell inhibitory molecules PD-L1 and IL-10 receptor. Furthermore, inhibiting HSPs significantly increased the expression of key proteins in the autophagy pathway along with increased activation of pro-inflammatory promoting transcription factors NF-κB and p-CREB. Interestingly, we also show that both HSP-27 and HSP-70 are associated with anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. These results point towards a suppressive role for host HSP-27 and HSP-70 during mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankush Kumar Rana
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Aayushi Singh
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vandana Anang
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Natarajan
- Infectious Disease Immunology Laboratory, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Zhao C, Teng X, Yue W, Suo A, Zhou W, Ding D. The effect of acute toxicity from tributyltin on Liza haematocheila liver: Energy metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 258:106506. [PMID: 36989927 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a highly toxic and persistent organic pollutant, is widely distributed in coastal waters. Liza haematocheila (L. haematocheila) is one of bony fish distributing coincident with TBT, and exposure risk of TBT to this fish is unknown. In this study, L. haematocheila was exposed to TBT of 0, 3.4, 6.8, and 17.2 μg/L for 48 h to explore hepatic response mechanism. Our results showed that Sn content in livers increased after 48 h of exposure. HSI and histological changes indicated that TBT suppressed liver development of L. haematocheila. TBT reduced ATPase activities. The increased RB in blood and the reduced TBC were measured after exposure to TBT. T-AOC and antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were inhibited while MDA content was increased. Liver cells showed apoptosis characteristics after TBT exposure. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of livers was performed and the results showed energy metabolism-related GO term (such as ATPase complex and ATPase dependent transmembrance transport complex), oxidative stress-related GO term (such as Celllular response to oxidative stress and Antioxidant activity), and apoptosis-related GO term (such as Regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptosic signaling pathway). Moreover, we found six energy metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including three up-regulated DEGs (atnb233, cftr, and prkag2) and three down-regulated DEGs (acss1, abcd2, and smarcb1); five oxidative stress-related DEGs including one up-regulated DEG (mmp9) and four down-regulated DEG (prdx5, hsp90, hsp98, and gstf9); as well as six apoptosis-related DEGs including five up-regulated DEGs (casp8, cyc, apaf1, hccs, and dapk3) and one down-regulated DEG (bcl2l1). Our transcriptome data above further confirmed that acute stress of TBT led energy metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in L. haematocheila livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weizhong Yue
- Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Anning Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Dewen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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Zheng W, Xu X, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang T, E Z, Chen S, Liu Y. Genome-Wide Identification, Molecular Characterization, and Involvement in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses of the HSP70 Gene Family in Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076025. [PMID: 37046999 PMCID: PMC10094059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70s) are known to play essential roles in organisms' response mechanisms to various environmental stresses. However, no systematic identification and functional analysis has been conducted for HSP70s in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), a commercially important worldwide flatfish. Herein, 16 HSP70 genes unevenly distributed on nine chromosomes were identified in the turbot at the genome-wide level. Analyses of gene structure, motif composition, and phylogenetic relationships provided valuable data on the HSP70s regarding their evolution, classification, and functional diversity. Expression profiles of the HSP70 genes under five different stresses were investigated by examining multiple RNA-seq datasets. Results showed that 10, 6, 8, 10, and 9 HSP70 genes showed significantly up- or downregulated expression after heat-induced, salinity-induced, and Enteromyxum scophthalmi, Vibrio anguillarum, and Megalocytivirus infection-induced stress, respectively. Among them, hsp70 (hspa1a), hspa1b, and hspa5 showed significant responses to each kind of induced stress, and qPCR analyses further validated their involvement in comprehensive anti-stress, indicating their involvement in organisms' anti-stress mechanisms. These findings not only provide new insights into the biological function of HSP70s in turbot adapting to various environmental stresses, but also contribute to the development of molecular-based selective breeding programs for the production of stress-resistant turbot strains in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiwen Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zechen E
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Songlin Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Beijing 100141, China
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7
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Nanoplatform-based cellular reactive oxygen species regulation for enhanced oncotherapy and tumor resistance alleviation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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8
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Bhardwaj S, Singh S, Ganguly I, Bhatia AK, Dixit SP. Deciphering local adaptation of native Indian cattle ( Bos indicus) breeds using landscape genomics and in-silico prediction of deleterious SNP effects on protein structure and function. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:86. [PMID: 36816754 PMCID: PMC9931982 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03493-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
India has 50 registered breeds of native cattle (Bos indicus) which are locally adapted to diverse environmental conditions. This study aimed to investigate the genomic basis of adaptation of native Indian cattle and to predict the impact of key SNPs on the amino acid changes that affect protein function. The Illumina 777 K BovineHD BeadChip was used to genotype 178 native cattle belonging to contrasting landscapes and agro-climatic conditions. The genotype-environment association was investigated with R. SamBada, using 5,74,382 QC passed SNPs and 11 predictor variables (10 multi-collinearity controlled environmental variables and 1 variable as "score of PCA" on ancestry coefficients of individuals). In total, 1,12,780 models were selected as significant (q < 0.05) based on G score. The pathway ontology of the annotated genes revealed many important pathways and genes having a direct and indirect role in cold and hot adaptation. Only ten SNP variants had a SIFT score of < 0.05 (deleterious), and only two of them, each lying in the genes CRYBA1 and USP18, were predicted to be deleterious with high confidence. RaptorX predicted the tertiary structures of proteins encoded by wild and mutant variants of these genes. The quality of the models was determined using Ramachandran plots and RaptorX parameters, indicating that they are accurate. RaptorX and I-Mutant 2.0 softwares revealed significant differences among wild and mutant proteins. Adaptive alleles identified in the present investigation might be responsible for the local adaptation of these cattle breeds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03493-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Bhardwaj
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Indrajit Ganguly
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Avnish Kumar Bhatia
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - S. P. Dixit
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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Jacobsen AP, Khiew YC, Duffy E, O'Connell J, Brown E, Auwaerter PG, Blumenthal RS, Schwartz BS, McEvoy JW. Climate change and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Am J Prev Cardiol 2022; 12:100391. [PMID: 36164332 PMCID: PMC9508346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is a worsening global crisis that will continue negatively impacting population health and well-being unless adaptation and mitigation interventions are rapidly implemented. Climate change-related cardiovascular disease is mediated by air pollution, increased ambient temperatures, vector-borne disease and mental health disorders. Climate change-related cardiovascular disease can be modulated by climate change adaptation; however, this process could result in significant health inequity because persons and populations of lower socioeconomic status have fewer adaptation options. Clear scientific evidence for climate change and its impact on human health have not yet resulted in the national and international impetus and policies necessary to slow climate change. As respected members of society who regularly communicate scientific evidence to patients, clinicians are well-positioned to advocate on the importance of addressing climate change. This narrative review summarizes the links between climate change and cardiovascular health, proposes actionable items clinicians and other healthcare providers can execute both in their personal life and as an advocate of climate policies, and encourages communication of the health impacts of climate change when counseling patients. Our aim is to inspire the reader to invest more time in communicating the most crucial public health issue of the 21st century to their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P. Jacobsen
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yii Chun Khiew
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eamon Duffy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - James O'Connell
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive West, Galway, Ireland
| | - Evans Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul G. Auwaerter
- Sherrilyn and Ken Fisher Center for Environmental Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger S. Blumenthal
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brian S. Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John William McEvoy
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Murray KO, Clanton TL, Horowitz M. Epigenetic responses to heat: From adaptation to maladaptation. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:1144-1158. [PMID: 35413138 PMCID: PMC9529784 DOI: 10.1113/ep090143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This review outlines the history of research on epigenetic adaptations to heat exposure. The perspective taken is that adaptations reflect properties of hormesis, whereby low, repeated doses of heat induce adaptation (acclimation/acclimatization); whereas brief, life-threatening exposures can induce maladaptive responses. What advances does it highlight? The epigenetic mechanisms underlying acclimation/acclimatization comprise specific molecular programmes on histones that regulate heat shock proteins transcriptionally and protect the organism from subsequent heat exposures, even after long delays. The epigenetic signalling underlying maladaptive responses might rely, in part, on extensive changes in DNA methylation that are sustained over time and might contribute to later health challenges. ABSTRACT Epigenetics plays a strong role in molecular adaptations to heat by producing a molecular memory of past environmental exposures. Moderate heat, over long periods of time, induces an 'adaptive' epigenetic memory, resulting in a condition of 'resilience' to future heat exposures or cross-tolerance to other forms of toxic stress. In contrast, intense, life-threatening heat exposures, such as severe heat stroke, can result in a 'maladaptive' epigenetic memory that can place an organism at risk of later health complications. These cellular memories are coded by post-translational modifications of histones on the nucleosomes and/or by changes in DNA methylation. They operate by inducing changes in the level of gene transcription and therefore phenotype. The adaptive response to heat acclimation functions, in part, by facilitating transcription of essential heat shock proteins and exhibits a biphasic short programme (maintaining DNA integrity, followed by a long-term consolidation). The latter accelerates acclimation responses after de-acclimation. Although less studied, the maladaptive responses to heat stroke appear to be coded in long-lasting changes in DNA methylation near the promoter region of genes involved with basic cell function. Whether these memories are also encoded in histone modifications is not yet known. There is considerable evidence that both adaptive and maladaptive epigenetic responses to heat can be inherited, although most evidence comes from lower organisms. Future challenges include understanding the signalling mechanisms responsible and discovering new ways to promote adaptive responses while suppressing maladaptive responses to heat, as all life forms adapt to life on a warming planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O. Murray
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas L. Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michal Horowitz
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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11
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Knockdown of heat shock transcription factor 1 decreases temperature stress tolerance in Bemisia tabaci MED. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16059. [PMID: 36163391 PMCID: PMC9512819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary function of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) in the heat shock response is to activate the transcription of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). The phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton, vegetables and ornamentals that transmits several plant viruses and causes enormous agricultural losses. In this study, the gene encoding HSF (Bthsf1) was characterized in MED B. tabaci. The full-length cDNA encoded a protein of 652 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 5.55. The BtHSF1 deduced amino acid sequence showed strong similarity to HSF in other insects. Expression analyses using quantitative real-time PCR indicated that Bthsf1 was significantly up-regulated in B. tabaci adults and pupae during thermal stress. Although Bthsf1 was induced by both hot and cold stress, the amplitude of expression was greater in the former. Bthsf1 had distinct, significant differences in expression pattern during different duration of high but not low temperature stress. Oral ingestion of dsBthsf1 repressed the expression of Bthsf1 and four heat shock proteins (Bthsp90, Bthsp70-3, Bthsp20 and Bthsp19.5) in MED B. tabaci during hot and cold stress. In conclusion, our results show that Bthsf1 is differentially expressed during high and low temperature stress and regulates the transcription of multiple hsps in MED B. tabaci.
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12
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Incidence, risk factors, characteristics and prognosis of exertional heat stroke and heat exhaustion in Reunion Island, 2014–2018: A retrospective multicentre study. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Xu H, Takashi E, Liang J, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Fan J. Effect of Heat Shock Preconditioning on Pressure Injury Prevention via Hsp27 Upregulation in Rat Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168955. [PMID: 36012220 PMCID: PMC9408952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure injury (PI) prevention is a huge industry and involves various interventions. Temperature and moisture are important factors for wound healing; however, the active mechanism by which “moist heat” affects PI prevention has not yet been clarified. Thus, we explored the protective and therapeutic effects of hydrotherapy on PI based on the preconditioning (PC) principle, which might be useful for clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the preventive mechanisms of heat shock preconditioning on PIs in rat models. The experiment was performed in the basic medical laboratory of Nagano College of Nursing in Japan. Ten rats were divided into two groups, with five rats in each group. Rats in the control group were not bathed. Rats in the preconditioning group (PC group) were bathed with hot tap-water. Bathing was conducted thrice a week. After bathing for 4 weeks, the PI model was constructed on the rats’ dorsal skin. The skin temperature, skin moisture, and area of ulcers were compared between the two groups. In vitro, we investigated the expression of heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) in 6, 12, and 24 h after the PI model was constructed through Western blot analysis. Ulcers occurred in the control group 24 h after the PI model constructed, wheras the PC group exhibited ulcers after 36 h. The ulcer area was larger in the control group than that in the PC group after 24 h (all p < 0.05). The temperatures of PI wounds in the control group decreased and were lower than those in the PC group after 1, 6, 12, 36, and 48 h (all p < 0.05). However, the skin moisture levels of PI wounds increased in the control group and were higher than those in the PC group at the same time (all p < 0.05). Using Western blot analysis, hydrotherapy preconditioning showed the potential to increase Hsp27 expression after pressure was released (p < 0.05). We determine that heat shock preconditioning had a preventive effect on PIs in rat models, a result that may be associated with their actions in the upregulation of Hsp27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Xu
- Division of Basic & Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Nursing, Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane, Nagano 399-4117, Japan
- School of Nursing & Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - En Takashi
- Division of Basic & Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Nursing, Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane, Nagano 399-4117, Japan
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Tokyo 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Division of Basic & Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Nursing, Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane, Nagano 399-4117, Japan
- School of Nursing & Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Tokyo 409-3898, Japan
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14
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Fennel ZJ, Amorim FT, Deyhle MR, Hafen PS, Mermier CM. The Heat Shock Connection: Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R133-R148. [PMID: 35536704 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00048.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an integral tissue system that plays a crucial role in the physical function of all vertebrates and is a key target for maintaining or improving health and performance across the lifespan. Based largely on cellular and animal models, there is some evidence that various forms of heat stress with or without resistance exercise may enhance skeletal muscle growth or reduce its loss. It is not clear whether these stimuli are similarly effective in humans or meaningful in comparison to exercise alone across various heating methodologies. Furthermore, the magnitude by which heat stress may influence whole body thermoregulatory responses and the connection to skeletal muscle adaptation remains ambiguous. Finally, the underlying mechanisms, which may include interaction between relevant heat shock proteins and intracellular hypertrophy and atrophy related factors, remain unclear. In this narrative mini-review we examine the relevant literature regarding heat stress alone or in combination with resistance exercise emphasizing skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy across cellular and animal models, as well as human investigations. Additionally, we present working mechanistic theories for heat shock protein mediated signaling effects regarding hypertrophy and atrophy related signaling processes. Importantly, continued research is necessary to determine the practical effects and mechanisms of heat stress with and without resistance exercise on skeletal muscle function via growth and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Samuel Hafen
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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15
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Tanner RL, Gleason LU, Dowd WW. Environment-driven shifts in inter-individual variation and phenotypic integration within subnetworks of the mussel transcriptome and proteome. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:3112-3127. [PMID: 35363903 PMCID: PMC9321163 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The environment can alter the magnitude of phenotypic variation among individuals, potentially influencing evolutionary trajectories. However, environmental influences on variation are complex and remain understudied. Populations in heterogeneous environments might exhibit more variation, the amount of variation could differ between benign and stressful conditions, and/or variation might manifest in different ways among stages of the gene‐to‐protein expression cascade or among physiological functions. Here, we explore these three issues by quantifying patterns of inter‐individual variation in both transcript and protein expression levels among California mussels, Mytilus californianus Conrad. Mussels were exposed to five ecologically relevant treatments that varied in the mean and interindividual heterogeneity of body temperature. To target a diverse set of physiological functions, we assessed variation within 19 expression subnetworks, including canonical stress‐response pathways and empirically derived coexpression clusters that represent a diffuse set of cellular processes. Variation in expression was particularly pronounced in the treatments with high mean and heterogeneous body temperatures. However, with few exceptions, environment‐dependent shifts of variation in the transcriptome were not reflected in the proteome. A metric of phenotypic integration provided evidence for a greater degree of constraint on relative expression levels (i.e., stronger correlation) within expression subnetworks in benign, homogeneous environments. Our results suggest that environments that are more stressful on average – and which also tend to be more heterogeneous – can relax these expression constraints and reduce phenotypic integration within biochemical subnetworks. Context‐dependent “unmasking” of functional variation may contribute to interindividual differences in physiological phenotype and performance in stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richelle L Tanner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.,Environmental Science & Policy Program, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Lani U Gleason
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA
| | - W Wesley Dowd
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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16
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Falco F, Bottari T, Ragonese S, Killen SS. Towards the integration of ecophysiology with fisheries stock assessment for conservation policy and evaluating the status of the Mediterranean Sea. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 10:coac008. [PMID: 35783348 PMCID: PMC9245081 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent European Union (EU) regulations have been introduced to discourage the capture of undersized specimens with the aim of reducing the bycatch mortality imposed by commercial fisheries. We argue that we still lack accurate data regarding basic information required to properly implement these regulations for most Mediterranean ecosystems, including the true mortality imposed by fisheries, escape rates from fishing gears and the capability of specimens to survive following discard. We suggest that additional reliance on physiological biomarkers could assist in all aspects of the data collection required to support implementation of the EU discard ban (aka landing obligation), particularly in determining which species should receive special dispensation from this policy. Ideally, this new approach, here termed the 'Fisheries Environmental and Physiological Stress Analysis' (FEPSA), would become an important step for any fish stock assessment within the ecosystem approach to fisheries management and the recognition of Good Environmental Status, as established by the EU in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC). In particular, the main goal of FEPSA would be applying the study of physiological stressors to exploited stocks to estimate the so-called collateral fishing mortality, which includes the mortality experienced by fish that escape after interacting with fishing gears or that are discarded, with some degree of injury or physiological stress. The approach outlined here, which is described for bottom trawls but adaptable to any other type of fishing gear, is not a trivial undertaking but is a requirement for collecting the data required by recent EU fisheries policies. While we agree that the threats to marine biodiversity posed by fishing and associated discard practices require strong policy interventions, we emphasize that the research programs needed to support such initiatives, including the landing obligation, should be given equal priority. This is particularly true for Mediterranean fisheries, which are at a complex intersection of jurisdictional boundaries, numerous additional ecosystem threats including widespread pollution, thermal variation and hypoxia, and are historically understudied as compared to fisheries and species in more northern climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Falco
- Corresponding author: Institute of Biological Resource and Marine
Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Mazara del vallo, Via
L. Vaccara, 61 91026, TP, Italy.
| | - T Bottari
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology
(IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, 98122
Messina, Italy
| | - S Ragonese
- Institute of Biological Resource and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National
Research Council (CNR), Section of Mazara del vallo, Via L. Vaccara, 61
91026, TP, Italy
| | - S S Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine,
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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17
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Bouchama A, Abuyassin B, Lehe C, Laitano O, Jay O, O'Connor FG, Leon LR. Classic and exertional heatstroke. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:8. [PMID: 35115565 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, record-breaking heatwaves have caused an increasing number of heat-related deaths, including heatstroke, globally. Heatstroke is a heat illness characterized by the rapid rise of core body temperature above 40 °C and central nervous system dysfunction. It is categorized as classic when it results from passive exposure to extreme environmental heat and as exertional when it develops during strenuous exercise. Classic heatstroke occurs in epidemic form and contributes to 9-37% of heat-related fatalities during heatwaves. Exertional heatstroke sporadically affects predominantly young and healthy individuals. Under intensive care, mortality reaches 26.5% and 63.2% in exertional and classic heatstroke, respectively. Pathological studies disclose endothelial cell injury, inflammation, widespread thrombosis and bleeding in most organs. Survivors of heatstroke may experience long-term neurological and cardiovascular complications with a persistent risk of death. No specific therapy other than rapid cooling is available. Physiological and morphological factors contribute to the susceptibility to heatstroke. Future research should identify genetic factors that further describe individual heat illness risk and form the basis of precision-based public health response. Prioritizing research towards fundamental mechanism and diagnostic biomarker discovery is crucial for the design of specific management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrezak Bouchama
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bisher Abuyassin
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cynthia Lehe
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orlando Laitano
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ollie Jay
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francis G O'Connor
- Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Leon
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Vijayakumar P, Singaravadivelan A, Mishra A, Jagadeesan K, Bakyaraj S, Suresh R, Sivakumar T. Whole-Genome comparative analysis reveals genetic mechanisms of disease resistance and heat tolerance of tropical Bos indicus cattle breeds. Genome 2021; 65:241-254. [PMID: 34914549 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Bos indicus cattle breeds have been naturally selected over thousands of years for disease resistance and thermo-tolerance. However, a genetic mechanism of these specific inherited characteristics needs to be discovered. Hence, in this study, the whole-genome comparative analysis of Bos indicus cattle breeds of Kangayam, Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Hariana of the Indian subcontinent was conducted. The genetic variants identification analysis revealed a total of 15,58,51,012 SNPs and 1,00,62,805 InDels in the mapped reads across all Bos indicus cattle breeds. The functional annotation of 17,252 genes that comprised both, SNPs and InDels, of high functional impact on proteins, has been carried out. The functional annotation results revealed the pathways that were involved in the innate immune response including toll-like receptors, a retinoic acid-inducible gene I like receptors, NOD-like receptors, Jak-STAT signaling pathways, and the non-synonymous variants in the candidate immune genes. Further, we also identified several pathways involved in heat shock response, hair and skin properties, oxidative stress response, osmotic stress response, thermal sweating, feed intake, metabolism, and the non-synonymous variants in the candidate thermo-tolerant genes. These pathways and genes were directly or indirectly contributing to the disease resistance and thermo-tolerance adaptations of Bos indicus cattle breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyasamy Vijayakumar
- Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Animal Genetics and Breeding, Livestock Farm Comlex, Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu, India, 6145 625;
| | - Arunasalam Singaravadivelan
- Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Livestock Production Management, VCRI, Orathanadu, Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu, India, 614 625;
| | - Anamika Mishra
- High Security Animal Disease laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, 462021;
| | - Krishnan Jagadeesan
- University Training and Research Centre, Pillayarpatty - 613 403, , Animal Genetics and Breeding, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sanniyasi Bakyaraj
- College of Poultry Production and Management, TANUVAS, Hosur, Tamil nadu, India;
| | - Ramalingam Suresh
- Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Animal Genetics and Breeding, VETERINARY COLLEGE AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu, India, 243122.,Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 30072, 117, Salihothra Hostel (4th hostel), IVRI, BAREILLY, Izatnagar, UTTAR PRADESH, India, 243122;
| | - Thiagarajan Sivakumar
- Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Livestock Production Management, Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu, India;
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19
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Bai J, Wang YC, Liu YC, Chang YW, Liu XN, Gong WR, Du YZ. Isolation of two new genes encoding heat shock protein 70 in Bemisia tabaci and analysis during thermal stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:933-940. [PMID: 34728307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 family (HSP70) is among the most varied HSP family with respect to structure and function. The phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton, vegetables and ornamentals that transmits several plant viruses and causes enormous agricultural losses. In this study, two new HSP70 genes (Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3) were isolated from the MED cryptic species B. tabaci, an important phloem-feeding pest of vegetables and ornamentals. Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 encoded proteins comprised of 652 and 676 amino acids, and the deduced proteins were closely related to other HSP70s in Hemiptera. Expression analyses using real-time quantitative PCR indicated that Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 were induced in B. tabaci pupae and adults during high and low thermal stress. Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 exhibited similar, but not identical, expression patterns when exposed to different durations of high temperature stress. Oral ingestion of dsBthsp70 reduced the expression level of Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 in B. tabaci and increased the mortality of B. tabaci during heat shock. In conclusion, Bthsp70-2 and Bthsp70-3 exhibit different expression patterns during thermal stress, thus expanding the roles of HSPs in B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiao-Na Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei-Rong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 21003, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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20
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Stanculescu D, Sepúlveda N, Lim CL, Bergquist J. Lessons From Heat Stroke for Understanding Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Front Neurol 2021; 12:789784. [PMID: 34966354 PMCID: PMC8710546 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.789784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We here provide an overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms during heat stroke and describe similar mechanisms found in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Both conditions are characterized by disturbed homeostasis in which inflammatory pathways play a central role. Splanchnic vasoconstriction, increased gut permeability, gut-related endotoxemia, systemic inflammatory response, central nervous system dysfunction, blood coagulation disorder, endothelial-cell injury, and mitochondrial dysfunction underlie heat stroke. These mechanisms have also been documented in ME/CFS. Moreover, initial transcriptomic studies suggest that similar gene expressions are altered in both heat stroke and ME/CFS. Finally, some predisposing factors for heat stroke, such as pre-existing inflammation or infection, overlap with those for ME/CFS. Notwithstanding important differences - and despite heat stroke being an acute condition - the overlaps between heat stroke and ME/CFS suggest common pathways in the physiological responses to very different forms of stressors, which are manifested in different clinical outcomes. The human studies and animal models of heat stroke provide an explanation for the self-perpetuation of homeostatic imbalance centered around intestinal wall injury, which could also inform the understanding of ME/CFS. Moreover, the studies of novel therapeutics for heat stroke might provide new avenues for the treatment of ME/CFS. Future research should be conducted to investigate the similarities between heat stroke and ME/CFS to help identify the potential treatments for ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuno Sepúlveda
- CEAUL—Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chin Leong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Department of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- The ME/CFS Collaborative Research Center at Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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21
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Hooper HB, Dos Santos Silva P, de Oliveira SA, Merighe GKF, Titto CG, Negrão JA. Long-term heat stress at final gestation: physiological and heat shock responses of Saanen goats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:2123-2135. [PMID: 34420116 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The long exposure to heat negatively changes performance and productivity of animals, particularly when heat stress is associated with gestation. Indeed, little is known about the negative effects of long-term heat stress on the final gestation of dairy goats. In this context, the physiological and cellular responses of Saanen goats submitted to heat stress (37°C from 10:00 to 16:00 h) were investigated from day 60th pre-partum to day 60th post-partum. At final gestation, 46 pregnant Saanen goats were randomly assigned to the treatments: control (CT; thermal neutral conditions) and heat stress (HS; climatic chamber). After partum, all experimental goats were maintained in thermal neutral conditions. The rectal, dorsal, mammary temperatures and respiratory frequency, cortisol release, milk yield, milk quality, and the genes HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, Glucocorticoid receptor and ACTHR. Goats subjected to HS showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher rectal, dorsal, and mammary temperatures and significantly mobilized the increase of respiratory frequency to lose heat as compared to CT goats. The HS challenge significantly increased cortisol release from day 15th pre-partum to day 15th post-partum. CT goats produced more milk than HS from weeks 4 to 10 of lactation (P <0.001), with no difference in milk quality. However, on day 15th post-partum, there was a significant effect of HS treatment on the expression of HSP70 and ACTHR genes as compared to CT treatment, confirming the long-term effect of HS on Saanen goats. In conclusion, the physiological parameters studied increased pre-partum in the hottest hour, and cortisol peaked on day 15 pre-partum for heat-stressed goats. Although on the 15th day post-partum, all goats were in thermal comfort, and the physiological parameters were within the normal range, the concentration of cortisol continued to be significantly higher for goats submitted to thermal stress. Indeed, milk yield was greater for goats subjected to pre-partum thermal comfort. Furthermore, the expression of HSP70 and ACTHR genes on peripheral blood mononuclear cells are interesting biomarkers for studying the long-term effect of heat stress on Saanen goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Barbosa Hooper
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Krempel Fonseca Merighe
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Gonçalves Titto
- Laboratory of Animal Biometeorology and Ethology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Alberto Negrão
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte avenue, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.
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22
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Jensen PM, Sørensen M, Weiner J. Human total fertility rate affected by ambient temperatures in both the present and previous generations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:1837-1848. [PMID: 33990870 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elevated temperatures negatively affect human reproduction through several processes that regulate nutrient uptake and resource allocation in pregnant women. These can interfere with foetal development, resulting in low birth weight neonates with altered development trajectories. Temperatures that affect the current generation could, therefore, also have an impact on the following generation. We asked whether heat stress affected offspring fertility by asking if current and past ambient temperatures influenced total fertility rates (TFR) in human populations distributed across the world. We analysed time series data in 65 countries using simple regression analyses based on maximum temperatures and temperature amplitudes over 55 years. Supplemental longer time series (up to 100 years) provided information on response patterns in Northern Europe and Greenland's colder climates. There were clear and strong effects of temperatures on the TFR in the concurrent and the previous generation. Our temperature-based models account for 71-95% of the variation in TRF in European countries and Greenland, and 56-99% of the variation in 65 countries worldwide. Our findings are consistent with studies of seasonal variation in fertility and suggest that increased temperatures will negatively influence populations subjected to monthly maximum temperatures above 15-20 °C, while fertility in colder climates benefits from elevated temperatures. Our results provide strong evidence that ambient temperatures have important effects on human fertility, and that these effects persist into the following generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per M Jensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Marten Sørensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jacob Weiner
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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23
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Aghazadeh A, Feizi MAH, Fanid LM, Ghanbari M, Roshangar L. Effects of Hyperthermia on TRPV1 and TRPV4 Channels Expression and Oxidative Markers in Mouse Brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1453-1465. [PMID: 32661579 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress increases the core body temperature through the pathogenic process. The pathogenic process leads to the release of free radicals, such as superoxide production. Heat stress in the central nervous system (CNS) can cause neuronal damage and symptoms such as delirium, coma, and convulsion. TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid1) and TRPV4 genes are members of the TRPV family, including integral membrane proteins that act as calcium-permeable channels. These channels act as thermosensors and have essential roles in the cellular regulation of heat responses. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of general heat stress on the expression of TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels. Furthermore, oxidative markers were measured in the brain of the same heat-stressed mice. Our results show that heat stress leads to a significant upregulation of TRPV1 expression within 21-42 days, while TRPV4 expression decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner. Alterations in the oxidative markers were also observed in the heat-stressed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Aghazadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Bolvard, Tabriz, 51555, Iran
| | | | - Leila Mehdizadeh Fanid
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Bolvard, Tabriz, 51555, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Anatomical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wada H, Coutts V. Detrimental or beneficial? Untangling the literature on developmental stress studies in birds. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272388. [PMID: 34608943 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.227363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing animals display a tremendous ability to change the course of their developmental path in response to the environment they experience, a concept referred to as developmental plasticity. This change in behavior, physiology or cellular processes is primarily thought to allow animals to better accommodate themselves to the surrounding environment. However, existing data on developmental stress and whether it brings about beneficial or detrimental outcomes show conflicting results. There are several well-referred hypotheses related to developmental stress in the current literature, such as the environmental matching, silver spoon and thrifty phenotype hypotheses. These hypotheses speculate that the early-life environment defines the capacity of the physiological functions and behavioral tendencies and that this change is permanent and impacts the fitness of the individual. These hypotheses also postulate there is a trade-off among organ systems and physiological functions when resources are insufficient. Published data on avian taxa show that some effects of developmental nutritional and thermal stressors are long lasting, such as the effects on body mass and birdsong. Although hypotheses on developmental stress are based on fitness components, data on reproduction and survival are scarce, making it difficult to determine which hypothesis these data support. Furthermore, most physiological and performance measures are collected only once; thus, the physiological mechanisms remain undertested. Here, we offer potential avenues of research to identify reasons behind the contrasting results in developmental stress research and possible ways to determine whether developmental programming due to stressors is beneficial or detrimental, including quantifying reproduction and survival in multiple environments, measuring temporal changes in physiological variables and testing for stress resistance later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Wada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Victoria Coutts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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25
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Pant A, Chittayil Krishnakumar K, Chakkalaparambil Dileep N, Yamana M, Meenakshisundaran Alamelu N, Paithankar K, Amash V, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 and its mitochondrial homologue TRAP-1 independently regulate hypoxia adaptations in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mitochondrion 2021; 60:101-111. [PMID: 34365052 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial adaptations to various environmental cues contribute to cellular and organismal adaptations across multiple model organisms. Due to increased complexity, a direct connection between mitochondrial integrity and oxygen fluctuations, and survival fitness was not demonstrated. Here, using C. elegans as a model system, we studied the role of HIF-1, Hsp90, and TRAP-1 in mitochondrial adaptations during chemical hypoxia. We show that Hsp90mt (Hsp90 mutant) but not HIF-1mt (HIF-1 mutant) affects hypoxia adaptation in nematodes. TRAP-1KD (TRAP-1 knockdown) interfered with the survival and fecundity of worms. Compared to Hsp90mt, TRAP-1KD has induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial integrity and oxygen consumption rate. The complex I inhibitor rotenone did not affect ATP levels in Hsp90mt worms. However, ATP levels were decreased in TRAP-1KD worms under similar conditions. The glucose restriction has reduced, and glucose supplementation has increased the survival rate in Hsp90mt worms. Neither glucose restriction nor glucose supplementation has significantly affected the survival of TRAP-1KD worms in response to hypoxia. However, TRAP-1 inhibition using a nanocarrier drug has dramatically reduced the survival rate in response to hypoxia. Our results suggest that Hsp90 and TRAP-1 independently regulate hypoxia adaptations and metabolic plasticity in C. elegans. Considering the emerging roles of TRAP-1 in altered energy metabolism and cellular adaptations, our findings gain importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Pant
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | | | - Meghana Yamana
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Patrick RP, Johnson TL. Sauna use as a lifestyle practice to extend healthspan. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111509. [PMID: 34363927 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sauna use, sometimes referred to as "sauna bathing," is characterized by short-term passive exposure to high temperatures, typically ranging from 45 °C to 100 °C (113 °F to 212 °F), depending on modality. This exposure elicits mild hyperthermia, inducing a thermoregulatory response involving neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and cytoprotective mechanisms that work in a synergistic fashion in an attempt to maintain homeostasis. Repeated sauna use acclimates the body to heat and optimizes the body's response to future exposures, likely due to the biological phenomenon known as hormesis. In recent decades, sauna bathing has emerged as a probable means to extend healthspan, based on compelling data from observational, interventional, and mechanistic studies. Of particular interest are the findings from large, prospective, population-based cohort studies of health outcomes among sauna users that identified strong dose-dependent links between sauna use and reduced morbidity and mortality. This review presents an overview of sauna practices; elucidates the body's physiological response to heat stress and the molecular mechanisms that drive the response; enumerates the myriad health benefits associated with sauna use; and describes sauna use concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa L Johnson
- TLJ Communications, LLC, 36 Creek Harbour Blvd., Freeport, FL 32439, USA.
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Characterization and functional analysis of Cshsp19.0 encoding a small heat shock protein in Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:924-931. [PMID: 34352319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) function as ATP-independent chaperones that preserve cellular proteostasis under stressful conditions. In this study, Cshsp19.0, which encodes a new small heat shock protein, was isolated and characterized from Chilo suppressalis (Walker) to better understand the contribution of sHSPs to insect development and stress tolerance. The full-length Cshsp19.0 cDNA was 697 bp and encoded a 19.0 kDa protein with an isoelectric point of 5.95. Phylogenetic analysis and amino acid alignments indicated that Cshsp19.0 is a member of the sHSP family. Cshsp19.0 was expressed at maximal levels in foreguts and showed the least amount of expression in fat bodies. Expression analysis in different developmental stages of C. suppressalis revealed that Cshsp19.0 was most highly expressed in 1st instar larvae. Furthermore, Cshsp19.0 was upregulated when insects were exposed to heat and cold stress for a 2-h period. There were significant differences in the male and female pupae in response to humidity; Cshsp19.0 expression increased in male pupae as RH increased, whereas the inverse pattern was observed in female pupae. Larvae exhibited a lower rate of survival when Cshsp19.0 was silenced by a nanomaterial-promoted RNAi method. The results confirm that Cshsp19.0 functions to increase environmental stress tolerance and regulates physiological activities in C. suppressalis.
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Tian M, Xia Y, Cai D, Mao J, Luo S. Proteomic investigation of Peristenus spretus ovary and characterization of an ovary-enriched heat shock protein. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 111:270-281. [PMID: 32993843 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485320000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peristenus spretus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is one of the most important endoparasitoids used for biological control of the green mirid bug, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Heteroptera: Miridae). However, what we know about its reproductive genetics is very limited. Here, the composition of ovarian proteins in P. spretus was analyzed. Mass spectrum data searched against the non-redundant NCBI protein and UniProt protein database identified 1382 proteins and revealed an enrichment of the heat shock protein 83 (HSP83) in P. spretus ovary. The Pshsp83 complete cDNA is 2175 bp in length and encodes a protein of 724 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 83.4 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.87. Transcription of Pshsp83 appeared from days 1 to 13 post-emergence and peaked at 13th day. Immuno-localization showed that the HSP83 protein was present in cytoplasm of germarium and in egg chambers of the whole ovariole. The transcript abundance of Pshsp83 fluctuated drastically after heat shocks at different temperatures and the maximum emerged at 35°C. The exposure to 35°C caused no dramatic effects on reproductive parameters of adult females such as pupation rate, cocoon weight, emergence rate, sex ratio and developmental duration, but did on longevity. These results suggested that the HSP83 protein is involved in life-span regulation in the P. spretus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Tian
- IPPCAAS - State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Hainan Haikou, China
| | - Yayun Xia
- IPPCAAS - State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Hainan Haikou, China
| | - Ducheng Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Hainan Haikou, China
| | - Jianjun Mao
- IPPCAAS - State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Shuping Luo
- IPPCAAS - State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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Wang YC, Chang YW, Bai J, Zhang XX, Iqbal J, Lu MX, Gong WR, Du YZ. Temperature affects the tolerance of Liriomyza trifolii to insecticide abamectin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112307. [PMID: 33965778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The leafminer fly, Liriomyza trifolii, is an invasive pest of horticultural and vegetable crops that possesses a robust competitive ability when compared to congeneric species, especially with respect to temperature and insecticide tolerance. Abamectin, which is commonly used to control L. trifolii in the field, was selected as the target insecticide in this study. Our objective was to study the effect of abamectin and high temperature stress on L. trifolii mortality and the expression of genes encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP450s) and heat shock proteins (Hsps) by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). When L. trifolii was exposed to abamectin followed by exposure to 40 °C (LC50 +HT40), mortality showed a significant increase, whereas exposure to 40 ℃ followed by abamectin (HT40+LC50) reduced mortality relative to abamectin or HT40 alone. Expression of three CYP450s in the CYP4 family was highest in the HT40+LC50 treatment, followed by the LC50+HT40 treatment. The expression levels of CYP18A1 (CYP18 family) were not significantly different among treatments, and CYP301A1 (CYP301 family) was only sensitive to temperature (HT40). The expression of five sHsps showed similar expression patterns and were highly responsive to the LC50+HT40 treatment, followed by the HT40 and HT40+LC50 treatments. Based on CYP450s and Hsps expression levels, our findings that suggest that L. trifolii exhibits adaptive cross-tolerance to high temperature and abamectin. This study provides a framework for selecting the most effective application time for abamectin with respect to controlling L. trifolii, which will ultimately reduce the overuse of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Rong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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30
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Haroutounian A, Amorim FT, Astorino TA, Khodiguian N, Curtiss KM, Matthews ARD, Estrada MJ, Fennel Z, McKenna Z, Nava R, Sheard AC. Change in Exercise Performance and Markers of Acute Kidney Injury Following Heat Acclimation with Permissive Dehydration. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030841. [PMID: 33806669 PMCID: PMC8000862 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Implementing permissive dehydration (DEH) during short-term heat acclimation (HA) may accelerate adaptations to the heat. However, HA with DEH may augment risk for acute kidney injury (AKI). This study investigated the effect of HA with permissive DEH on time-trial performance and markers of AKI. Fourteen moderately trained men (age and VO2max = 25 ± 0.5 yr and 51.6 ± 1.8 mL·kg−1·min−1) were randomly assigned to DEH or euhydration (EUH). Time-trial performance and VO2max were assessed in a temperate environment before and after 7 d of HA. Heat acclimation consisted of 90 min of cycling in an environmental chamber (40 °C, 35% RH). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were assessed pre- and post-exercise on day 1 and day 7 of HA. Following HA, VO2max did not change in either group (p = 0.099); however, time-trial performance significantly improved (3%, p < 0.01) with no difference between groups (p = 0.485). Compared to pre-exercise, NGAL was not significantly different following day 1 and 7 of HA (p = 0.113) with no difference between groups (p = 0.667). There was a significant increase in KIM-1 following day 1 and 7 of HA (p = 0.002) with no difference between groups (p = 0.307). Heat acclimation paired with permissive DEH does not amplify improvements in VO2max or time-trial performance in a temperate environment versus EUH and does not increase markers of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpie Haroutounian
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
| | - Fabiano T. Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (F.T.A.); (Z.F.); (Z.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Todd A. Astorino
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA;
| | - Nazareth Khodiguian
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
| | - Katharine M. Curtiss
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
| | - Aaron R. D. Matthews
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
| | - Michael J. Estrada
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
| | - Zachary Fennel
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (F.T.A.); (Z.F.); (Z.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Zachary McKenna
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (F.T.A.); (Z.F.); (Z.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Roberto Nava
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (F.T.A.); (Z.F.); (Z.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Ailish C. Sheard
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Food Science, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (A.H.); (N.K.); (K.M.C.); (A.R.D.M.); (M.J.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-323-343-5334
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Freitas PHF, Wang Y, Yan P, Oliveira HR, Schenkel FS, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Brito LF. Genetic Diversity and Signatures of Selection for Thermal Stress in Cattle and Other Two Bos Species Adapted to Divergent Climatic Conditions. Front Genet 2021; 12:604823. [PMID: 33613634 PMCID: PMC7887320 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.604823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the biological mechanisms of climatic adaptation is of paramount importance for the optimization of breeding programs and conservation of genetic resources. The aim of this study was to investigate genetic diversity and unravel genomic regions potentially under selection for heat and/or cold tolerance in thirty-two worldwide cattle breeds, with a focus on Chinese local cattle breeds adapted to divergent climatic conditions, Datong yak (Bos grunniens; YAK), and Bali (Bos javanicus) based on dense SNP data. In general, moderate genetic diversity levels were observed in most cattle populations. The proportion of polymorphic SNP ranged from 0.197 (YAK) to 0.992 (Mongolian cattle). Observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.023 (YAK) to 0.366 (Sanhe cattle; SH), and from 0.021 (YAK) to 0.358 (SH), respectively. The overall average inbreeding (±SD) was: 0.118 ± 0.028, 0.228 ± 0.059, 0.194 ± 0.041, and 0.021 ± 0.004 based on the observed versus expected number of homozygous genotypes, excess of homozygosity, correlation between uniting gametes, and runs of homozygosity (ROH), respectively. Signatures of selection based on multiple scenarios and methods (F ST, HapFLK, and ROH) revealed important genomic regions and candidate genes. The candidate genes identified are related to various biological processes and pathways such as heat-shock proteins, oxygen transport, anatomical traits, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, metabolic activity, feed intake, carcass conformation, fertility, and reproduction. This highlights the large number of biological processes involved in thermal tolerance and thus, the polygenic nature of climatic resilience. A comprehensive description of genetic diversity measures in Chinese cattle and YAK was carried out and compared to 24 worldwide cattle breeds to avoid potential biases. Numerous genomic regions under positive selection were detected using three signature of selection methods and candidate genes potentially under positive selection were identified. Enriched function analyses pinpointed important biological pathways, molecular function and cellular components, which contribute to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying thermal tolerance in cattle. Based on the large number of genomic regions identified, thermal tolerance has a complex polygenic inheritance nature, which was expected considering the various mechanisms involved in thermal stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H. F. Freitas
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Yachun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA – National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding – College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hinayah R. Oliveira
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Flavio S. Schenkel
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA – National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding – College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Luiz F. Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Chen Y, Yu T. Involvement of p53 in the Responses of Cardiac Muscle Cells to Heat Shock Exposure and Heat Acclimation. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 13:928-937. [PMID: 32314164 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intense heat stress induces damage to the heart, whereas mild to moderate heat stress protects the heart against subsequent ischemic injury. The mechanisms underlying the detrimental and beneficial effects of heat stress remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of p53 in the responses of cardiac muscle cells to acute heat exposure and heat acclimation (HA). Heat exposure increased the levels of caspase and annexin, and levels of cytosolic, nuclear, and mitochondrial p53 protein in H9c2 cells. Pifithrin-α or pifithrin-μ reduced heat-induced apoptotic response in these cells. HA reduced localization of p53 in the mitochondria and improved cell viability during heat exposure. The effects of heat exposure and HA on p53 were further verified in vivo in mouse heart tissue. These results suggest that p53 plays a role in heat-induced apoptosis in cardiac muscle cells. The protective effect of HA against heat injury likely involves a p53-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
| | - Tianzheng Yu
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
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33
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Lim CL. Fundamental Concepts of Human Thermoregulation and Adaptation to Heat: A Review in the Context of Global Warming. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7795. [PMID: 33114437 PMCID: PMC7662600 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The international community has recognized global warming as an impending catastrophe that poses significant threat to life on earth. In response, the signatories of the Paris Agreement (2015) have committed to limit the increase in global mean temperature to < 1.5 °C from pre-industry period, which is defined as 1950-1890. Considering that the protection of human life is a central focus in the Paris Agreement, the naturally endowed properties of the human body to protect itself from environmental extremes should form the core of an integrated and multifaceted solution against global warming. Scholars believe that heat and thermoregulation played important roles in the evolution of life and continue to be a central mechanism that allows humans to explore, labor and live in extreme conditions. However, the international effort against global warming has focused primarily on protecting the environment and on the reduction of greenhouse gases by changing human behavior, industrial practices and government policies, with limited consideration given to the nature and design of the human thermoregulatory system. Global warming is projected to challenge the limits of human thermoregulation, which can be enhanced by complementing innate human thermo-plasticity with the appropriate behavioral changes and technological innovations. Therefore, the primary aim of this review is to discuss the fundamental concepts and physiology of human thermoregulation as the underlying bases for human adaptation to global warming. Potential strategies to extend human tolerance against environmental heat through behavioral adaptations and technological innovations will also be discussed. An important behavioral adaptation postulated by this review is that sleep/wake cycles would gravitate towards a sub-nocturnal pattern, especially for outdoor activities, to avoid the heat in the day. Technologically, the current concept of air conditioning the space in the room would likely steer towards the concept of targeted body surface cooling. The current review was conducted using materials that were derived from PubMed search engine and the personal library of the author. The PubMed search was conducted using combinations of keywords that are related to the theme and topics in the respective sections of the review. The final set of articles selected were considered "state of the art," based on their contributions to the strength of scientific evidence and novelty in the domain knowledge on human thermoregulation and global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Leong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
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Perez R, Aron S. Adaptations to thermal stress in social insects: recent advances and future directions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1535-1553. [PMID: 33021060 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress is a major driver of population declines and extinctions. Shifts in thermal regimes create new environmental conditions, leading to trait adaptation, population migration, and/or species extinction. Extensive research has examined thermal adaptations in terrestrial arthropods. However, little is known about social insects, despite their major role in ecosystems. It is only within the last few years that the adaptations of social insects to thermal stress have received attention. Herein, we discuss what is currently known about thermal tolerance and thermal adaptation in social insects - namely ants, termites, social bees, and social wasps. We describe the behavioural, morphological, physiological, and molecular adaptations that social insects have evolved to cope with thermal stress. We examine individual and collective responses to both temporary and persistent changes in thermal conditions and explore the extent to which individuals can exploit genetic variability to acclimatise. Finally, we consider the costs and benefits of sociality in the face of thermal stress, and we propose some future research directions that should advance our knowledge of individual and collective thermal adaptations in social insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Perez
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Aron
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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35
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Keirns BH, Koemel NA, Sciarrillo CM, Anderson KL, Emerson SR. Exercise and intestinal permeability: another form of exercise-induced hormesis? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 319:G512-G518. [PMID: 32845171 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00232.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Regular aerobic exercise has numerous benefits on human physiology, arguably by serving as a hormetic stressor resulting in positive adaptations over time. It has long been known that aerobic exercise at a variety of intensities and durations induces intestinal permeability, which is a feature of many pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic diseases. Given the health benefits of exercise, it seems unlikely that intestinal permeability induced by exercise outweighs the positive adaptations. In fact, a growing body of evidence suggests adoption of exercise regimens lasting weeks to months improves indicators of intestinal permeability. In this brief review, we summarize factors contributing to acute exercise-induced intestinal permeability and what is known about chronic exercise and the gut barrier. Additionally, we outline known and theoretical adaptations of the gut to chronic exercise that may explain emerging reports that exercise improves markers of gut integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Nicholas A Koemel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | | | - Kendall L Anderson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sam R Emerson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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Pallubinsky H, Phielix E, Dautzenberg B, Schaart G, Connell NJ, Wit‐Verheggen V, Havekes B, Baak MA, Schrauwen P, Marken Lichtenbelt WD. Passive exposure to heat improves glucose metabolism in overweight humans. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13488. [PMID: 32359193 PMCID: PMC7379279 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Heat exposure has been indicated to positively affect glucose metabolism. An involvement of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) in the enhancement of insulin sensitivity upon heat exposure has been previously suggested. Here, we performed an intervention study exploring the effect of passive heat acclimation (PHA) on glucose metabolism and intracellular (a) HSP72 concentrations in overweight humans. METHODS Eleven non-diabetic overweight (BMI 27-35 kg/m2 ) participants underwent 10 consecutive days of PHA (4-6 h/day, 34.4 ± 0.2°C, 22.8 ± 2.7%RH). Before and after PHA, whole-body insulin sensitivity was assessed using a one-step hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp, skeletal muscle biopsies were taken to measure intracellular iHSP72, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured using indirect calorimetry and blood samples were drawn to assess markers of metabolic health. Thermophysiological adaptations were measured during a temperature ramp protocol before and after PHA. RESULTS Despite a lack of change in iHSP72, 10 days of PHA reduced basal (9.7 ± 1.4 pre- vs 8.4 ± 2.1 μmol · kg-1 · min-1 post-PHA, P = .038) and insulin-stimulated (2.1 ± 0.9 pre- vs 1.5 ± 0.8 μmol · kg-1 · min-1 post-PHA, P = .005) endogenous glucose production (EGP) and increased insulin suppression of EGP (78.5 ± 9.7% pre- vs 83.0 ± 7.9% post-PHA, P = .028). Consistently, fasting plasma glucose (6.0 ± 0.5 pre- vs 5.8 ± 0.4 mmol/L post-PHA, P = .013) and insulin concentrations (97 ± 55 pre- vs 84 ± 49 pmol/L post-PHA, P = .026) decreased significantly. Moreover, fat oxidation increased, and free fatty acids as well as cholesterol concentrations and mean arterial pressure decreased after PHA. CONCLUSION Our results show that PHA for 10 days improves glucose metabolism and enhances fat metabolism, without changes in iHSP72. Further exploration of the therapeutic role of heat in cardio-metabolic disorders should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pallubinsky
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Esther Phielix
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Bas Dautzenberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Connell
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Vera Wit‐Verheggen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Bas Havekes
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Marleen A. Baak
- Department of Human Biology NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Wouter D. Marken Lichtenbelt
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
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Kochanowski M, Różycki M, Dąbrowska J, Bełcik A, Karamon J, Sroka J, Cencek T. Proteomic and Bioinformatic Investigations of Heat-Treated Anisakis simplex Third-Stage Larvae. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1066. [PMID: 32708775 PMCID: PMC7407331 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae are the main source of hidden allergens in marine fish products. Some Anisakis allergens are thermostable and, even highly processed, could cause hypersensitivity reactions. However, Anisakis proteome has not been studied under autoclaving conditions of 121 °C for 60 min, which is an important process in the food industry. The aim of the study was the identification and characterization of allergens, potential allergens, and other proteins of heat-treated A. simplex larvae. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify 470 proteins, including allergens-Ani s 1, Ani s 2, Ani s 3, Ani s 4, Ani s 5-and 13 potential allergens that were mainly homologs of Anisakis spp., Ascaris spp., and Acari allergens. Ani s 2, Ani s 3, Ani s 5, and three possible allergens were found among the top 25 most abundant proteins. The computational analysis allowed us to detect allergen epitopes, assign protein families, and domains as well as to annotate the localization of proteins. The predicted 3D models of proteins revealed similarities between potential allergens and homologous allergens. Despite the partial degradation of heated A. simplex antigens, their immunoreactivity with anti-A. simplex IgG antibodies was confirmed using a Western blot. In conclusion, identified epitopes of allergenic peptides highlighted that the occurrence of Anisakis proteins in thermally processed fish products could be a potential allergic hazard. Further studies are necessary to confirm the IgE immunoreactivity and thermostability of identified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Kochanowski
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.R.); (J.D.); (A.B.); (J.K.); (J.S.); (T.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomasz Cencek
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.R.); (J.D.); (A.B.); (J.K.); (J.S.); (T.C.)
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Gogolski SM, O'Brien C, Lagutchik MS. Retrospective analysis of patient and environmental factors in heat-induced injury events in 103 military working dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 256:792-799. [PMID: 32176578 DOI: 10.2460/javma.256.7.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Transcriptome analysis of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in response to temperature stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 34:100677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Srikanth K, Park JE, Ji SY, Kim KH, Lee YK, Kumar H, Kim M, Baek YC, Kim H, Jang GW, Choi BH, Lee SD. Genome-Wide Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Provide Novel Insights and Suggest a Sex-Specific Response to Heat Stress in Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050540. [PMID: 32403423 PMCID: PMC7291089 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) negatively impacts pig production and swine health. Therefore, to understand the genetic and metabolic responses of pigs to HS, we used RNA-Seq and high resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR analyses to compare the transcriptomes and metabolomes of Duroc pigs (n = 6, 3 barrows and 3 gilts) exposed to heat stress (33 °C and 60% RH) with a control group (25 °C and 60% RH). HS resulted in the differential expression of 552 (236 up, 316 down) and 879 (540 up, 339 down) genes and significant enrichment of 30 and 31 plasma metabolites in female and male pigs, respectively. Apoptosis, response to heat, Toll-like receptor signaling and oxidative stress were enriched among the up-regulated genes, while negative regulation of the immune response, ATP synthesis and the ribosomal pathway were enriched among down-regulated genes. Twelve and ten metabolic pathways were found to be enriched (among them, four metabolic pathways, including arginine and proline metabolism, and three metabolic pathways, including pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis), overlapping between the transcriptome and metabolome analyses in the female and male group respectively. The limited overlap between pathways enriched with differentially expressed genes and enriched plasma metabolites between the sexes suggests a sex-specific response to HS in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Srikanth
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Sang Yun Ji
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
| | - Yoo Kyung Lee
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
| | - Himansu Kumar
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Minji Kim
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
| | - Youl Chang Baek
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
| | - Hana Kim
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Gul-Won Jang
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Amimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (K.S.); (J.-E.P.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (G.-W.J.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Sung Dae Lee
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (K.H.K.); (Y.K.L.); (M.K.); (Y.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-238-7454; Fax: +82-63-238-7497
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The value of heat shock protein (HSP) 60 on in-hospital and short-term prognosis in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.601334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chandrasekharan P, Tay ZW, Hensley D, Zhou XY, Fung BKL, Colson C, Lu Y, Fellows BD, Huynh Q, Saayujya C, Yu E, Orendorff R, Zheng B, Goodwill P, Rinaldi C, Conolly S. Using magnetic particle imaging systems to localize and guide magnetic hyperthermia treatment: tracers, hardware, and future medical applications. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2965-2981. [PMID: 32194849 PMCID: PMC7053197 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) treatment makes use of a suspension of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, administered systemically or locally, in combination with an externally applied alternating magnetic field, to ablate target tissue by generating heat through a process called induction. The heat generated above the mammalian euthermic temperature of 37°C induces apoptotic cell death and/or enhances the susceptibility of the target tissue to other therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy. While most hyperthermia techniques currently in development are targeted towards cancer treatment, hyperthermia is also used to treat restenosis, to remove plaques, to ablate nerves and to alleviate pain by increasing regional blood flow. While RF hyperthermia can be directed invasively towards the site of treatment, non-invasive localization of heat through induction is challenging. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of RF magnetic fluid hyperthermia and introduce a new diagnostic imaging modality called magnetic particle imaging that allows for a focused theranostic approach encompassing treatment planning, treatment monitoring and spatially localized inductive heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chandrasekharan
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States,✉ Corresponding author: E-mail: ; Phone: +1 (510) 642 3420
| | - Zhi Wei Tay
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Daniel Hensley
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Xinyi Y Zhou
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Barry KL Fung
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Caylin Colson
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Yao Lu
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin D Fellows
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Quincy Huynh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Chinmoy Saayujya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Elaine Yu
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Ryan Orendorff
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Bo Zheng
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | | | - Carlos Rinaldi
- University of Florida, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, FL, 32611 United States
| | - Steven Conolly
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
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Hooper HB, Titto CG, Gonella-Diaza AM, Henrique FL, Pulido-Rodríguez LF, Longo ALS, Leme-Dos-Santos TMDC, Geraldo ACAPDM, Pereira AMF, Binelli M, Balieiro JCDC, Titto EAL. Heat loss efficiency and HSPs gene expression of Nellore cows in tropical climate conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:1475-1486. [PMID: 30116935 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation is a relevant characteristic to be understood in livestock animals in order to maintain and raise productivity. In Brazil, the Nellore beef cattle are widely disseminated and well-adapted breed that present good thermoregulatory characteristics for tropical environment conditions. Conversely, the physiological and cellular mechanisms required for thermoregulation and thermotolerance in this breed are still limited. The aim of this study was to comprehend the heat loss efficiency at the whole animal level and heat shock response at the cellular level of Nellore cows in tropical climate conditions. Healthy purebred Nellore cows were classified according to their capacity to lose body heat as Efficient or Inefficient based on vaginal temperature which was continuously monitored by data-loggers. Rectal, tail, and ocular temperatures, sweating rate, and respiratory frequency were collected to assess other thermoregulatory responses. Peripheral mononuclear cells were used for gene expression of heat shock proteins 60, 70, and 90 induced by in vitro heat treatments at 38, 40, and 42 °C. In our findings, the Efficient cows presented higher sweating rates compared to Inefficient cows that presented higher rectal temperature with greater amplitude of vaginal temperature profile. Transcription of the HSP genes was stable at 38 and 40 °C and decreased for all HSP genes at 42 °C. In conclusion, the Nellore efficiency to lose heat was mainly associated with their sweating capacity and cellular thermotolerance confirmed by the maintenance of heat shock proteins transcripts under heat stress. Taken together, this knowledge contributes as a future key for genetic selection of adapted animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Barbosa Hooper
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Gonçalves Titto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil.
| | - Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luís Henrique
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Lina Fernanda Pulido-Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Silva Longo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Thays Mayra da Cunha Leme-Dos-Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carina Alves Pereira de Mira Geraldo
- Biometeorology and Animal Welfare Laboratory, Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Évora, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Manuel Franco Pereira
- Biometeorology and Animal Welfare Laboratory, Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Évora, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Mario Binelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Antonio Lencioni Titto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte Avenue, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
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Chang YW, Zhang XX, Lu MX, Du YZ, Zhu-Salzman K. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Small Heat Shock Protein Genes in the Invasive Leaf Miner Fly, Liriomyza trifolii. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100775. [PMID: 31623413 PMCID: PMC6826454 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) comprise numerous proteins with diverse structure and function. As molecular chaperones, they play essential roles in various biological processes, especially under thermal stresses. In this study, we identified three sHSP-encoding genes, LtHSP19.5, LtHSP20.8 and LtHSP21.7b from Liriomyza trifolii, an important insect pest of ornamental and vegetable crops worldwide. Putative proteins encoded by these genes all contain a conserved α-crystallin domain that is typical of the sHSP family. Their expression patterns during temperature stresses and at different insect development stages were studied by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, the expression patterns were compared with those of LtHSP21.3 and LtHSP21.7, two previously published sHSPs. When pupae were exposed to temperatures ranging from −20 to 45 °C for 1 h, all LtsHSPs were strongly induced by either heat or cold stresses, but the magnitude was lower under the low temperature range than high temperatures. Developmentally regulated differential expression was also detected, with pupae and prepupae featuring the highest expression of sHSPs. Results suggest that LtsHSPs play a role in the development of the invasive leaf miner fly and may facilitate insect adaptation to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Keyan Zhu-Salzman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Bandyopadhyay A, Bose I, Chattopadhyay K. Osmolytes ameliorate the effects of stress in the absence of the heat shock protein Hsp104 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222723. [PMID: 31536559 PMCID: PMC6752772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of the prion protein has strong implications in the human prion disease. Sup35p is a yeast prion, and has been used as a model protein to study the disease mechanism. We have studied the pattern of Sup35p aggregation inside live yeast cells under stress, by using confocal microscopy, fluorescence activated cell sorting and western blotting. Heat shock proteins are a family of proteins that are produced by yeast cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. Many of the proteins behave as chaperones to combat stress-induced protein misfolding and aggregation. In spite of this, yeast also produce small molecules called osmolytes during stress. In our work, we tried to find the reason as to why yeast produce osmolytes and showed that the osmolytes are paramount to ameliorate the long-term effects of lethal stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, either in the presence or absence of Hsp104p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Bandyopadhyay
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Indrani Bose
- Department of Biology, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KC); (IB)
| | - Krishnananda Chattopadhyay
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail: (KC); (IB)
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Chang YW, Zhang XX, Chen JY, Lu MX, Gong WR, Du YZ. Characterization of three heat shock protein 70 genes from Liriomyza trifolii and expression during thermal stress and insect development. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:150-159. [PMID: 29743123 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) participate in diverse physiological processes in insects, and HSP70 is one of the most highly conserved proteins in the HSP family. In this study, full-length cDNAs of three HSP70 genes (Lthsc70, Lthsp701, and Lthsp702) were cloned and characterized from Liriomyza trifolii, an important invasive pest of vegetable crops and horticultural crops worldwide. These three HSP70s exhibited signature sequences and motifs that are typical of the HSP70 family. The expression patterns of the three Lthsp70s during temperature stress and in different insect development stages were studied by real-time quantitative PCR. Lthsp701 was strongly induced by high- and low-temperature stress, but Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 were not very sensitive to temperature changes. All three Lthsp70s were expressed during insect development stages, but the expression patterns were quite different. The expression of Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 showed significant differences in expression during leafminer development; Lthsc70 was most highly expressed in female adults, whereas Lthsp702 was abundantly expressed in larvae and prepupae. Lthsp701 expression was not significantly different among leafminer stages. These results suggest that functional differentiation within the LtHSP70 subfamily has occurred in response to thermal stress and insect development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Chang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - X-X Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - J-Y Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - M-X Lu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
| | - W-R Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 21003,China
| | - Y-Z Du
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
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Cui J, Zhu SY, Gao Y, Bi R, Xu Z, Shi SS. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) in Response to High-Temperature Stress. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:407-415. [PMID: 30351361 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius), is mainly distributed in southern China and has been considered an invasive species in the southeastern United States. Megacopta cribraria is a soybean pest with high-temperature resistance, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its thermal adaptation are largely unknown. Here, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis to unravel the molecular response of M. cribraria toward high-temperature stress. Following RNA-seq, we identified 93,959 assembled unigenes, 14,073 of which were annotated in M. cribraria transcriptome libraries. In addition, 127 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were detected, 88 of them were significantly upregulated, whereas the remaining 39 genes were significantly downregulated. Functional classification revealed that the pathways of metabolic process, cellular processes, and single-organism processes were considered to be significantly enriched. In the COG classification, DEGs were mainly localized into O: post-translational modification, protein turnover, chaperone. Moreover, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and linoleic acid metabolism were significantly enriched among the 38 KEGG pathways. Further gene annotation analysis indicated that nine heat shock protein-related genes were significantly upregulated. Finally, five HSP DEGs were selected for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation and demonstrated a similar upregulation trend with RNA-seq expression profiles. Taken altogether, these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of thermal adaptation in M. cribraria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cui
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Rui Bi
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Shu-Sen Shi
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
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Effects of In Ovo Methionine-Cysteine Injection on Embryonic Development, Antioxidant Status, IGF-I and TLR4 Gene Expression, and Jejunum Histomorphometry in Newly Hatched Broiler Chicks Exposed to Heat Stress during Incubation. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9010025. [PMID: 30642042 PMCID: PMC6356559 DOI: 10.3390/ani9010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur amino acids are typically the first-limiting amino acids (AA) used in protein metabolism in poultry. Therefore, we hypothesized that their utilization in the pre-hatch period would affect embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status, serum biochemical profile, and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched Ross broiler chicks incubated under heat stress conditions. A total of 150 fertile broiler eggs were subjected to heat stress (39.6 °C for 6 h/d) from d10 until d18 and injected at d 17.5 of incubation with methionine and cysteine (Met-Cys) at a dose of 5.90 mg l-methionine plus 3.40 mg l-cysteine. The effects of Met-Cys administration were examined and compared with the control (Non-injected group) and 0.75% NaCl injected group. The results showed that no significant differences among all groups in serum protein profiles (total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin ratio) and creatine kinase were observed. The level of heat shock protein-90 was decreased with Met-Cys In ovo injection. The In ovo injection of Met-Cys also improved the values of total antioxidants capacity and glutathione in examined tissues. At the same time, an increase in fold change mRNA abundance of IGF-I and TLR4 was observed after Met-Cys injection in tested tissues. Finally, an increase of 29% in villus area was found after Met-Cys injection compared to the control group. In conclusion, the In ovo injection of Met-Cys resulted in improved embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched broiler chicks exposed to heat stress during incubation.
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Gerazova-Efremova K, Dinevska-Kjovkarovska S, Miova B. Heat-Shock Protein 70-Mediated Heat Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Carbohydrate and Oxidative Disturbances in Rats With Type 1 Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2019; 43:345-353. [PMID: 30853267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heat preconditioning and heat-shock protein (HSP) synthesis have significant cytoprotective effects against the development of cellular injury caused by the application of a subsequent stressor, which were found to depend on the time period between the stressors. We aimed to determine the most efficient recovery time (6 h or 24 h) following heat-stress exposure and prior application of diabetic streptozotocin (STZ) on the moderation of carbohydrate and oxidative metabolic disturbances caused by diabetes. METHODS Experiment animals (Wistar rats) were exposed to acute heat stress at 41±1°C for 45 min, followed by 6-h or 24-h recovery times at room temperature before sacrifice or STZ administration. RESULTS Our findings indicate that acute heat stress with 6-h or 24-h recovery periods results in a significant rise in the hepatic heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels (even more so after 24 h), glycogen breakdown and stable glycemia, followed by reduced glycolytic and gluconeogenic activity (after 24 h) (glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase); stimulates antioxidative activity (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) (after 6 h); and decreases glutathione and catalase activity (after 24 h). Heat preconditioning (with 6-h and 24-h recovery periods) prior to STZ-induced diabetes increases HSP70 levels and causes lower serum glucose levels, higher glycogen and glucose-6-phosphate levels, lower glucose-6-phosphatase levels and glycogen phosphorylase and hexokinase levels but also elevates glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activity compared to untreated STZ animals. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, heat preconditioning and HSP70 induction in rats with type 1 diabetes attenuates STZ-induced metabolic alterations in hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative states. These changes are more evident at 24 h recovery post-acute heat stress, based on the most evident accumulation of HSP70 in this time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Gerazova-Efremova
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Suzana Dinevska-Kjovkarovska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Biljana Miova
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Semmouri I, Asselman J, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Janssen CR, De Schamphelaere KAC. The transcriptome of the marine calanoid copepod Temora longicornis under heat stress and recovery. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 143:10-23. [PMID: 30415781 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of global change in zooplankton communities is crucial, as alterations in the zooplankton communities can affect entire marine ecosystems. Despite the economic and ecological importance of the calanoid copepod Temora longicornis in the Belgian part of the North Sea, molecular data is still very limited for this species. Using HiSeq Illumina sequencing, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of T. longicornis, after being exposed to realistic temperatures of 14 and 17 °C. After both an acute (1 day) and a more sustained (5 days) thermal exposure to 17 °C, we investigated gene expression differences with animals exposed to 14 °C, which may be critical for the thermal acclimation and resilience of this copepod species. We also studied the possibility of a short term stress recovery of a heat shock. A total of 179,569 transcripts were yielded, of which 44,985 putative ORF transcripts were identified. These transcripts were subsequently annotated into roughly 22,000 genes based on known sequences using Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG databases. Temora only showed a mild response to both the temperature and the duration of the exposure. We found that the expression of 27 transcripts varied significantly with an increase in temperature of 3 °C, of which eight transcripts were differentially expressed after acute exposure only. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that, overall, T. longicornis was more impacted by a sustained thermal exposure, rather than an immediate (acute) exposure, with two times as many enriched GO terms in the sustained treatment. We also identified several general stress responses independent of exposure time, such as modified protein synthesis, energy mobilisation, cuticle and chaperone proteins. Finally, we highlighted candidate genes of a possible recovery from heat exposure, identifying similar terms as those enriched in the heat treatments, i.e. related to for example energy metabolism, cuticle genes and extracellular matrix. The data presented in this study provides the first transcriptome available for T. longicornis which can be used for future genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Semmouri
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jana Asselman
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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