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Jianfang W, Raza SHA, Pant SD, Juan Z, Prakash A, Abdelnour SA, Aloufi BH, Mahasneh ZMH, Amin AA, Shokrollahi B, Zan L. Exploring Epigenetic and Genetic Modulation in Animal Responses to Thermal Stress. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01126-5. [PMID: 38528286 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence indicating that global temperatures are rising significantly, a phenomenon commonly referred to as 'global warming', which in turn is believed to be causing drastic changes to the global climate. Global warming (GW) directly impacts animal health, reproduction, production, and welfare, presenting several challenges to livestock enterprises. Thermal stress (TS) is one of the key consequences of GW, and all animal species, including livestock, have diverse physiological, epigenetic and genetic mechanisms to respond to TS. As a result, TS can significantly affect an animals' health, immune responsiveness, metabolic pathways etc. which can also influence the productivity, performance, and welfare of animals. Moreover, prolonged exposure to TS can lead to transgenerational and intergenerational changes that are mediated by epigenetic changes. For example, in several animal species, the effects of TS are encoded epigenetically during the animals' growth or productive stage, and these epigenetic changes can be transmitted intergenerationally. Such epigenetic changes can affect animal productivity by changing the phenotype so that it aligns with its ancestors' environment, irrespective of its immediate environment. Furthermore, epigenetic and genetic changes can also help protect cells from the adverse effects of TS by modulating the transcriptional status of heat-responsive genes in animals. This review focuses on the genetic and epigenetic modulation and regulation that occurs in TS conditions via HSPs, histone alterations and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianfang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China
| | - Sameer D Pant
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Zhao Juan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Bandar Hamad Aloufi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinab M H Mahasneh
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed A Amin
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Borhan Shokrollahi
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang-gun, 25340, Republic of Korea
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Schroeder HT, De Lemos Muller CH, Heck TG, Krause M, Homem de Bittencourt PI. Heat shock response during the resolution of inflammation and its progressive suppression in chronic-degenerative inflammatory diseases. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:116-142. [PMID: 38244765 PMCID: PMC10939074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a crucial biochemical pathway that orchestrates the resolution of inflammation, primarily under proteotoxic stress conditions. This process hinges on the upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other chaperones, notably the 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins, under the command of the heat shock transcription factor-1. However, in the context of chronic degenerative disorders characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation (such as insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases) a gradual suppression of the HSR does occur. This work delves into the mechanisms behind this phenomenon. It explores how the Western diet and sedentary lifestyle, culminating in the endoplasmic reticulum stress within adipose tissue cells, trigger a cascade of events. This cascade includes the unfolded protein response and activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein-3 inflammasome, leading to the emergence of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and the propagation of inflammation throughout the body. Notably, the activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein-3 inflammasome not only fuels inflammation but also sabotages the HSR by degrading human antigen R, a crucial mRNA-binding protein responsible for maintaining heat shock transcription factor-1 mRNA expression and stability on heat shock gene promoters. This paper underscores the imperative need to comprehend how chronic inflammation stifles the HSR and the clinical significance of evaluating the HSR using cost-effective and accessible tools. Such understanding is pivotal in the development of innovative strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of these chronic inflammatory ailments, which continue to take a heavy toll on global health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Trevisan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique De Lemos Muller
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Post Graduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ/URI), Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande Do Sul State (UNIJUI) and Post Graduate Program in Mathematical and Computational Modeling (PPGMMC), UNIJUI, Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Woo SH, Mo YJ, Lee YI, Park JH, Hwang D, Park TJ, Kang HY, Park SC, Lee YS. ANT2 Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in Aged Skin by Regulating Energy Homeostasis and Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2295-2310.e17. [PMID: 37211200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An effective healing response is critical to healthy aging. In particular, energy homeostasis has become increasingly recognized as a factor in effective skin regeneration. ANT2 is a mediator of adenosine triphosphate import into mitochondria for energy homeostasis. Although energy homeostasis and mitochondrial integrity are critical for wound healing, the role played by ANT2 in the repair process had not been elucidated to date. In our study, we found that ANT2 expression decreased in aged skin and cellular senescence. Interestingly, overexpression of ANT2 in aged mouse skin accelerated the healing of full-thickness cutaneous wounds. In addition, upregulation of ANT2 in replicative senescent human diploid dermal fibroblasts induced their proliferation and migration, which are critical processes in wound healing. Regarding energy homeostasis, ANT2 overexpression increased the adenosine triphosphate production rate by activating glycolysis and induced mitophagy. Notably, ANT2-mediated upregulation of HSPA6 in aged human diploid dermal fibroblasts downregulated proinflammatory genes that mediate cellular senescence and mitochondrial damage. This study shows a previously uncharacterized physiological role of ANT2 in skin wound healing by regulating cell proliferation, energy homeostasis, and inflammation. Thus, our study links energy metabolism to skin homeostasis and reports, to the best of our knowledge, a previously unreported genetic factor that enhances wound healing in an aging model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwa Woo
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Mo
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Park
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Institution of Inflamm-aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kang
- Institution of Inflamm-aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea; Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Flood D, Lee ES, Taylor CT. Intracellular energy production and distribution in hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105103. [PMID: 37507013 PMCID: PMC10480318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis of ATP is the primary source of metabolic energy for eukaryotic cells. Under physiological conditions, cells generally produce more than sufficient levels of ATP to fuel the active biological processes necessary to maintain homeostasis. However, mechanisms underpinning the distribution of ATP to subcellular microenvironments with high local demand remain poorly understood. Intracellular distribution of ATP in normal physiological conditions has been proposed to rely on passive diffusion across concentration gradients generated by ATP producing systems such as the mitochondria and the glycolytic pathway. However, subcellular microenvironments can develop with ATP deficiency due to increases in local ATP consumption. Alternatively, ATP production can be reduced during bioenergetic stress during hypoxia. Mammalian cells therefore need to have the capacity to alter their metabolism and energy distribution strategies to compensate for local ATP deficits while also controlling ATP production. It is highly likely that satisfying the bioenergetic requirements of the cell involves the regulated distribution of ATP producing systems to areas of high ATP demand within the cell. Recently, the distribution (both spatially and temporally) of ATP-producing systems has become an area of intense investigation. Here, we review what is known (and unknown) about intracellular energy production and distribution and explore potential mechanisms through which this targeted distribution can be altered in hypoxia, with the aim of stimulating investigation in this important, yet poorly understood field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh Flood
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eun Sang Lee
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Amemiya T, Shibata K, Yamaguchi T. Metabolic Oscillations and Glycolytic Phenotypes of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11914. [PMID: 37569294 PMCID: PMC10419005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells show several metabolic phenotypes depending on the cancer types and the microenvironments in tumor tissues. The glycolytic phenotype is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells and is considered to be one of the crucial features of malignant cancers. Here, we show glycolytic oscillations in the concentrations of metabolites in the glycolytic pathway in two types of cancer cells, HeLa cervical cancer cells and DU145 prostate cancer cells, and in two types of cellular morphologies, spheroids and monolayers. Autofluorescence from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in cells was used for monitoring the glycolytic oscillations at the single-cell level. The frequencies of NADH oscillations were different among the cellular types and morphologies, indicating that more glycolytic cancer cells tended to exhibit oscillations with higher frequencies than less glycolytic cells. A mathematical model for glycolytic oscillations in cancer cells reproduced the experimental results quantitatively, confirming that the higher frequencies of oscillations were due to the higher activities of glycolytic enzymes. Thus, glycolytic oscillations are expected as a medical indicator to evaluate the malignancy of cancer cells with glycolytic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Amemiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (YNU), 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan;
| | - Kenichi Shibata
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (YNU), 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan;
| | - Tomohiko Yamaguchi
- Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), 4-21-1 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-8525, Japan;
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Park D, Yu Y, Kim JH, Lee J, Park J, Hong K, Seo JK, Lim C, Min KT. Suboptimal Mitochondrial Activity Facilitates Nuclear Heat Shock Responses for Proteostasis and Genome Stability. Mol Cells 2023; 46:374-386. [PMID: 37077029 PMCID: PMC10258458 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress induces dynamic changes in nuclear proteins and relevant physiology as a part of the heat shock response (HSR). However, how the nuclear HSR is fine-tuned for cellular homeostasis remains elusive. Here, we show that mitochondrial activity plays an important role in nuclear proteostasis and genome stability through two distinct HSR pathways. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) depletion enhanced the nucleolar granule formation of HSP70 and ubiquitin during HSR while facilitating the recovery of damaged nuclear proteins and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport. Treatment of the mitochondrial proton gradient uncoupler masked MRP-depletion effects, implicating oxidative phosphorylation in these nuclear HSRs. On the other hand, MRP depletion and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger non-additively decreased mitochondrial ROS generation during HSR, thereby protecting the nuclear genome from DNA damage. These results suggest that suboptimal mitochondrial activity sustains nuclear homeostasis under cellular stress, providing plausible evidence for optimal endosymbiotic evolution via mitochondria-to-nuclear communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkeun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Youngim Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Ji-hyung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jongbin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kido Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jeong-Kon Seo
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Chunghun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
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7
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Oh S, Park S, Park Y, Kim YA, Park G, Cui X, Kim K, Joo S, Hur S, Kim G, Choi J. Culturing characteristics of Hanwoo myosatellite cells and C2C12 cells incubated at 37°C and 39°C for cultured meat. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 65:664-678. [PMID: 37332290 PMCID: PMC10271921 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
To improve culture efficiency of Hanwoo myosatellite cells, these cells were cultured at different temperatures. Hanwoo myosatellite cells were compared with C2C12 cells to observe proliferation and differentiation at culture temperatures of 37°C and 39°C and determine the possibility of using them as cultured meat. Immunofluorescence staining using Pax7 and Hoechst, both cells cultured at 37°C proliferated better than cultured at 39°C (p < 0.05). When differentiated cells were stained with myosin and Hoechst, there was no significant difference in myotube thickness and Fusion index (p > 0.05). In Western blotting analysis, Hanwoo myosatellite cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin between cells differentiated at the two temperatures (p > 0.05). C2C12 cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin between cells differentiated at the two temperatures (p > 0.05). In reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, Hanwoo myosatellite cells cultured at 39°C had significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of MyHC, MYF6, and MB than those cultured at 37°C. C2C12 cells cultured at 39°C showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of MYOG and MB than those cultured at 37°C. To increase culture efficiency of Hanwoo myosatellite cells, proliferating at 37°C and differentiating at 39°C are appropriate. Since results of temperature differences of Hanwoo myosatellite cells were similar to those of C2C12 cells, they could be used as a reference for producing cultured meat using Hanwoo satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyuk Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sanghun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yunhwan Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yun-a Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Gyutae Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Xiangshun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kwansuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seontea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Sunjin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Gapdon Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Jungseok Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Belivermiş M, Kılıç Ö, Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Sezer N, Demiralp S, Şahin B, Dupont S. Physiological and gene expression responses of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to low pH and low dissolved oxygen. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114602. [PMID: 36652859 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and frequency of hypoxia events have increased worldwide over the past decade as a consequence of global climate change and coastal biological oxygen depletions. On the other hand, anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and consequent accumulation in the sea surface result in a perturbation of the seawater carbonate system, including a decrease in pH, known as ocean acidification. While the effect of decreases in pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is better understood, their combined effects are still poorly resolved. Here, we exposed adult mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to two pHs (8.27 and 7.63) and DO concentrations (7.65 and 2.75 mg L-1) over 17 days in a full-factorial design. These levels correspond to extremes of the present natural variability and are relevant in the context of ocean acidification and hypoxia. No mortality was observed during the experiment. However, sublethal effects were observed for clearance and oxygen consumption rates, as well as total haemocytes count and haemocytes viability and gene expression in mussels exposed to the combination of low pH and low DO. Respiration and excretion rates were not significantly impacted by low pH and DO, alone or in combination. Overall, low pH alone led to a decrease in all tested physiological parameters while low DO alone led to a decline in clearance rate, haemocyte parameters and an increase in carbohydrate content. Both parameters led to up- or down-regulation of most of the selected genes. Not surprisingly, the combined effect of low pH and low DO could not be predicted by a simple arithmetic additive response at the effect level, highlighting more complex and non-linear effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Narin Sezer
- Head of Medical Services and Techniques Department, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Istanbul Arel University, 34295 Sefaköy, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selcan Demiralp
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Berna Şahin
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden; International Atomic Energy Agency, Environment Laboratories, 98000, Principality of Monaco, Monaco
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Elayadeth-Meethal M, Keambou Tiambo C, Poonkuzhi Naseef P, Saheer Kuruniyan M, K Maloney S. The profile of HSPA1A gene expression and its association with heat tolerance in crossbred cattle and the tropically adapted dwarf Vechur and Kasaragod. J Therm Biol 2023; 111:103426. [PMID: 36585090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Certain livestock breeds are adapted to hot and humid environments, and these breeds have genetics that could be useful in a changing climate. The expression of several genes has been identified as a useful biomarker for heat stress. In this study, the responses to heat exposure of heat-tolerant Vechur and Kasaragod cattle found in Kerala state in India (also known as dwarf Bos taurus indicus) were compared to crossbred cattle (crosses of Bos t. taurus with Bos t. indicus). At various time points during heat exposure, rectal temperature and the expression of HSPA1A were determined, and the relationship between them was characterized. We characterized HSPA1A mRNA in Vechur cattle and performed molecular clock analysis. The expression of HSPA1A between the lineages and at different temperature humidity index (THI) was significant. There were significant differences between the expression profiles of HSPA1A in Kasaragod and crossbred (p < 0.01) and Vechur and crossbred (p < 0.01) cattle, but no significant difference in expression was observed between Vechur and Kasaragod cattle. The genetic distance between Vechur, B. grunniens, B. t. taurus, and B. t. indicus was 0.0233, 0.0059, and 0.007, respectively. The genetic distance between Vechur and the Indian dwarf breed Malnad Gidda was 0.0081. A molecular clock analysis revealed divergent adaptive evolution of Vechur cattle to B. t. taurus, with adaptations to the high temperatures and humidity that are prevalent in their breeding tract in Kerala, India. These results could also prove useful in selecting heat-tolerant animals using HSPA1A as a marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Elayadeth-Meethal
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India.
| | - Christian Keambou Tiambo
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | | | - Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shane K Maloney
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
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10
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Amemiya T, Shibata K, Takahashi J, Watanabe M, Nakata S, Nakamura K, Yamaguchi T. Glycolytic oscillations in HeLa cervical cancer cell spheroids. FEBS J 2022; 289:5551-5570. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Amemiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University (YNU) Japan
| | - Kenichi Shibata
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University (YNU) Japan
| | - Junpei Takahashi
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University (YNU) Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Nakata
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nakamura
- School of Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences Meiji University Nakano‐ku Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamaguchi
- Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), Meiji University Nakano‐ku Japan
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11
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Xue T, Chiao B, Xu T, Li H, Shi K, Cheng Y, Shi Y, Guo X, Tong S, Guo M, Chew SH, Ebstein RP, Cui D. The heart-brain axis: A proteomics study of meditation on the cardiovascular system of Tibetan Monks. EBioMedicine 2022; 80:104026. [PMID: 35576643 PMCID: PMC9118669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There have been mixed reports on the beneficial effects of meditation in cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is widely considered the leading cause of death worldwide. Methods To clarify the role of meditation in modulating the heart-brain axis, we implemented an extreme phenotype strategy, i.e., Tibetan monks (BMI > 30) who practised 19.20 ± 7.82 years of meditation on average and their strictly matched non-meditative Tibetan controls. Hypothesis-free advanced proteomics strategies (Data Independent Acquisition and Targeted Parallel Reaction Monitoring) were jointly applied to systematically investigate and target the plasma proteome underlying meditation. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (Apo B) and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] as the potential cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed by electrocardiogram. Findings Obesity, hypertension, and reduced HRV is offset by long-term meditation. Notably, meditative monks have blood pressure and HRV comparable to their matched Tibetan controls. Meditative monks have a protective plasma proteome, related to decreased atherosclerosis, enhanced glycolysis, and oxygen release, that confers resilience to the development of CVD. In addition, clinical risk factors in plasma were significantly decreased in monks compared with controls, including total cholesterol, LDL-C, Apo B, and Lp(a). Interpretation To our knowledge, this work is the first well-controlled proteomics investigation of long-term meditation, which opens up a window for individuals characterized by a sedentary lifestyle to improve their cardiovascular health with an accessible method practised for more than two millennia. Funding See the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xue
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Benjamin Chiao
- China Center for Behavioral Economics and Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610074, China; Paris School of Technology and Business, Paris 75011, France
| | - Tianjiao Xu
- Nursing Department, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Han Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Menglin Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Soo Hong Chew
- China Center for Behavioral Economics and Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610074, China; Department of Economics, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore.
| | - Richard P Ebstein
- China Center for Behavioral Economics and Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610074, China.
| | - Donghong Cui
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201108, China.
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12
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Bizjak DA, Treff G, Zügel M, Schumann U, Winkert K, Schneider M, Abendroth D, Steinacker JM. Differences in Immune Response During Competition and Preparation Phase in Elite Rowers. Front Physiol 2022; 12:803863. [PMID: 34975545 PMCID: PMC8718927 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.803863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic stress is high during training and competition of Olympic rowers, but there is a lack of biomedical markers allowing to quantify training load on the molecular level. We aimed to identify such markers applying a complex approach involving inflammatory and immunologic variables. Methods: Eleven international elite male rowers (age 22.7 ± 2.4 yrs.; VO2max 71 ± 5 ml·min-1·kg-1) of the German National Rowing team were monitored at competition phase (COMP) vs. preparation phase (PREP), representing high vs. low load. Perceived stress and recovery were assessed by a Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-76 Sport). Immune cell activation (dendritic cell (DC)/macrophage/monocytes/T-cells) was evaluated via fluorescent activated cell sorting. Cytokines, High-Mobility Group Protein B1 (HMGB1), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), creatine kinase (CK), uric acid (UA), and kynurenine (KYN) were measured in venous blood. Results: Rowers experienced more general stress and less recovery during COMP, but sports-related stress and recovery did not differ from PREP. During COMP, DC/macrophage/monocyte and T-regulatory cells (Treg-cell) increased (p = 0.001 and 0.010). HMGB1 and cfDNA increased in most athletes during COMP (p = 0.001 and 0.048), while CK, UA, and KYN remained unaltered (p = 0.053, 0.304, and 0.211). Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (p = 0.002), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and the chemokine IL-8 (p = 0.001) were elevated during COMP, while anti-inflammatory Il-10 was lower (p = 0.002). Conclusion: COMP resulted in an increase in biomarkers reflecting tissue damage, with plausible evidence of immune cell activation that appeared to be compensated by anti-inflammatory mechanisms, such as Treg-cell proliferation. We suggest an anti-inflammatory and immunological matrix approach to optimize training load quantification in elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alexander Bizjak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gunnar Treff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martina Zügel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Schumann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kay Winkert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marion Schneider
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Division of Experimental Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Michael Steinacker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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13
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Zhang Z, Li Y, Jiang N, Sang X, Han L. Comparative analysis of ketone body metabolism in BALB/c mice infected with Trypanosoma evansi and Toxoplasma gondii. Res Vet Sci 2021; 143:134-141. [PMID: 35026630 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
KBs (ketone bodies), i.e., acetoacetate, acetone, and (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoate, constitute the intermediate products of the incomplete oxidative degradation of fatty acids. These KBs are used as a source of energy in the hosts' brain, skeletal muscles, and heart. Additionally, they regulate inflammation and oxidative stress of the host by acting as signaling mediators. Parasitic infection is known to result in abnormal physiological and biochemical metabolism, ketoacidosis, and other damage to the host. In this study, we investigated the effects of Trypanosoma evansi and Toxoplasma gondii on ketone body metabolism in mice, as well as the KB levels in the brain, liver, and peripheral blood. T. gondii was found to significantly increase the KB levels, resulting in ketonemia; T. evansi was found to stabilize KB levels in mice. Further investigations showed that T. evansi downregulated the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in KBs synthesizing pathway and enhanced KBs synthesizing to eliminate ketonemia. Conversely, T. gondii significantly increased the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in KBs synthesizing pathway and decreased KBs metabolism pathway ones and resulting in increased KBs levels in peripheral blood, culminating in ketonemia. These findings elucidate the differences in the KBs metabolism resulting from infection with T. evansi and T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Limei Han
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Stamperna K, Giannoulis T, Dovolou E, Kalemkeridou M, Nanas I, Dadouli K, Moutou K, Mamuris Z, Amiridis GS. The Effects of Heat Shock Protein 70 Addition in the Culture Medium on the Development and Quality of In Vitro Produced Heat Shocked Bovine Embryos. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3347. [PMID: 34944122 PMCID: PMC8698181 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to examine the effects of HSP70 addition in the in vitro culture medium of day 3 embryos on their developmental competence and quality. Bovine oocytes (n = 1442) were in vitro matured, inseminated and cultured for the first two days according to standardized methods. The presumptive zygotes were randomly allocated in three experimental groups: Control, C (embryos cultured at 39 °C throughout the culture period), group C41 (temperature was raised to 41 °C from the 48th to 72nd h post insemination (p.i.) and then it returned at 39 °C for the remaining culture period), and group H41 (the temperature modification was the same as in C41 and during heat exposure, HSP70 was added in the culture medium). Cleavage and embryo yield were assessed 48 h p.i. and on days 7, 8, 9, respectively and gene expression in day 7 blastocysts was assessed by RT-PCR. Blastocyst yield was the highest in group C39; and higher in group H41 compared to group C41. From the gene expression analyses, altered expression of 11 genes was detected among groups. The analysis of the orchestrated patterns of gene expression differed between groups. The results of this study confirm the devastating effects of heat stress on embryo development and provide evidence that HSP70 addition at the critical stages can partly counterbalance, without neutralizing, the negative effects of the heat insult on embryos, acting mainly through mechanisms related to energy deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Stamperna
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (K.S.); (E.D.); (I.N.); (K.D.)
| | | | - Eleni Dovolou
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (K.S.); (E.D.); (I.N.); (K.D.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, 413 36 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Maria Kalemkeridou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 413 36 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (K.M.); (Z.M.)
| | - Ioannis Nanas
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (K.S.); (E.D.); (I.N.); (K.D.)
| | - Katerina Dadouli
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (K.S.); (E.D.); (I.N.); (K.D.)
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 413 36 Larissa, Greece
| | - Katerina Moutou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 413 36 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (K.M.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zissis Mamuris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 413 36 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (K.M.); (Z.M.)
| | - Georgios S. Amiridis
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (K.S.); (E.D.); (I.N.); (K.D.)
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Yan LR, Shen SX, Wang A, Ding HX, Liu YN, Yuan Y, Xu Q. Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of Heat Shock Protein 110, 90, 70, and 60 Families. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:726244. [PMID: 34712697 PMCID: PMC8546173 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.726244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Here we carried out a panoramic analysis of the expression and prognosis of HSP110, HSP90, HSP70, and HSP60 families in 33 types of cancer, with the aim of deepening the systematic understanding of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in cancer. Materials and Methods: Next-generation sequencing data of multiple tumors were downloaded from TCGA, CCLE and Oncomine databases. RStudio 3.6.1 was used to analyze HSP110, HSP90, HSP70 and HSP60 families based on their expression in 33 types of cancer. The validations in vivo (stomach adenocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma tissues) were performed by qRT-PCR. Results: HSPs were differentially expressed in different cancers. The results revealed mainly positive correlations among the expressions of HSPs in different cancers. Expressions of HSP family members were generally associated with poor prognosis in respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive system tumors and associated with good prognosis in cholangiocarcinoma, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. TCGA mutation analysis showed that HSP gene mutation rate in cancers was 0–23%. CCLE mutation analysis indicated that HSP gene mutation rate in 828 cell lines from 15 tumors was 0–17%. CNV analysis revealed that HSPs have different degrees of gene amplifications and deletions in cancers. Gene mutations of 15 HSPs influenced their protein expressions in different cancers. Copy number amplifications and deletions of 22 HSPs also impacted protein expression levels in pan-cancer. HSP gene mutation was generally a poor prognosis factor in cancers, except for uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. CNVs in 14 HSPs showed varying influences on survival status in different cancers. HSPs may be involved in the activation and inhibition of multiple cancer-related pathways. HSP expressions were closely correlated with 22 immune cell infiltrations in different cancers. The qRT-PCR validation results in vivo showed that HSPA2 was down-regulated in stomach adenocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma; HSPA7 and HSPA1A also were down-regulated in colon adenocarcinoma. HSPA2-HSPA7 (r = 0.031, p = 0.009) and HSPA1A-HSPA7 (r = 0.516, p < 0.001) were positive correlation in colon adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: These analysis and validation results show that HSP families play an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors and are potential tumor diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as anti-cancer therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rong Yan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Xuan Shen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Ang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Han-Xi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying-Nan Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
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Yang S, Xiao H, Cao L. Recent advances in heat shock proteins in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112074. [PMID: 34426258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of proteins, also known as molecular chaperones, which participate in protein folding and maturation in response to stresses or high temperature. According to their molecular weights, mammalian HSPs are classified into HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. Previous studies have revealed that HSPs play important roles in oncogenesis and malignant progression because they can modulate all six hallmark traits of cancer. Because of this, HSPs have been propelled into the spotlight as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as an exciting anticancer drug target. However, the relationship between the expression level of HSPs and their activity and cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment is not clear and has not been completely established. Herein, this review summarizes and discusses recent advances and perspectives in major HSPs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, as regulators for cancer metabolism or as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, which may provide new directions to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and develop more effective and safer anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
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Elayadeth-Meethal M, Thazhathu Veettil A, Asaf M, Pramod S, Maloney SK, Martin GB, Rivero MJ, Sejian V, Naseef PP, Kuruniyan MS, Lee MRF. Comparative Expression Profiling and Sequence Characterization of ATP1A1 Gene Associated with Heat Tolerance in Tropically Adapted Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2368. [PMID: 34438824 PMCID: PMC8388727 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is an imminent threat to livestock production. One adaptation strategy is selection for heat tolerance. While it is established that the ATP1A1 gene and its product play an important role in the response to many stressors, there has been no attempt to characterize the sequence or to perform expression profiling of the gene in production animals. We undertook a field experiment to compare the expression profiles of ATP1A1 in heat-tolerant Vechur and Kasaragod cattle (Bos taurus indicus) with the profile of a heat-susceptible crossbreed (B. t. taurus × B. t. indicus). The cattle were exposed to heat stress while on pasture in the hot summer season. The environmental stress was quantified using the temperature humidity index (THI), while the heat tolerance of each breed was assessed using a heat tolerance coefficient (HTC). The ATP1A1 mRNA of Vechur cattle was amplified from cDNA and sequenced. The HTC varied significantly between the breeds and with time-of-day (p < 0.01). The breed-time-of-day interaction was also significant (p < 0.01). The relative expression of ATP1A1 differed between heat-tolerant and heat-susceptible breeds (p = 0.02). The expression of ATP1A1 at 08:00, 10:00 and 12:00, and the breed-time-of-day interaction, were not significant. The nucleotide sequence of Vechur ATP1A1 showed 99% homology with the B. t. taurus sequence. The protein sequence showed 98% homology with B. t. taurus cattle and with B. grunniens (yak) and 97.7% homology with Ovis aries (sheep). A molecular clock analysis revealed evidence of divergent adaptive evolution of the ATP1A1 gene favoring climate resilience in Vechur cattle. These findings further our knowledge of the relationship between the ATP1A1 gene and heat tolerance in phenotypically incongruent animals. We propose that ATP1A1 could be used in marker assisted selection (MAS) for heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Elayadeth-Meethal
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad 673576, Kerala, India;
- Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu, Palakkad 678601, Kerala, India;
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Aravindakshan Thazhathu Veettil
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Animal Genetics and Breeding, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad 680651, Kerala, India;
| | - Muhasin Asaf
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad 673576, Kerala, India;
| | | | - Shane K. Maloney
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Graeme B. Martin
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | | | - Veerasamy Sejian
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi 560030, Bangalore, India;
| | | | - Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Michael R. F. Lee
- School of Sustainable Food and Farming, Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport TF10 8NB, UK;
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Xia J, Qing X, Shen J, Ding M, Wang Y, Yu N, Li J, Wang X. Enzyme-Loaded pH-Sensitive Photothermal Hydrogels for Mild-temperature-mediated Combinational Cancer Therapy. Front Chem 2021; 9:736468. [PMID: 34395390 PMCID: PMC8358069 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.736468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) that utilizes hyperthermia to ablate cancer cells is a promising approach for cancer therapy, while the generated high temperature may lead to damage of surrounding normal tissues and inflammation. We herein report the construction of glucose oxidase (GOx)-loaded hydrogels with a pH-sensitive photothermal conversion property for combinational cancer therapy at mild-temperature. The hydrogels (defined as CAG) were formed via coordination of alginate solution containing pH-sensitive charge-transfer nanoparticles (CTNs) as the second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal agents and GOx. In the tumor sites, GOx was gradually released from CAG to consume glucose for tumor starvation and aggravate acidity in tumor microenvironment that could turn on the NIR-II photothermal conversion property of CTNs. Meanwhile, the released GOx could suppress the expression of heat shock proteins to enable mild NIR-II PTT under 1,064 nm laser irradiation. As such, CAG mediated a combinational action of mild NIR-II PTT and starvation therapy, not only greatly inhibiting the growth of subcutaneously implanted tumors in a breast cancer murine model, but also completely preventing lung metastasis. This study thus provides an enzyme loaded hydrogel platform with a pH-sensitive photothermal effect for mild-temperature-mediated combinational cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Xia
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Qing
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjian Shen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Mengbin Ding
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningyue Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Targeting Cancer Metabolism Breaks Radioresistance by Impairing the Stress Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153762. [PMID: 34359663 PMCID: PMC8345170 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ionizing radiation is a major pillar in the therapy of solid tumors. However, normal tissue toxicities and radioresistance of tumor cells can limit the therapeutic success of radiotherapy. In this study, we investigated the coregulation of the cancer metabolism and the heat shock response with respect to radioresistance. Our results indicate that an inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase, either pharmacologically or by gene knockout of LDHA and LDHB, significantly increases the radiosensitivity in tumor cells by global impairing of the stress response. Therefore, inhibition of the lactate metabolism might provide a promising strategy in the future to improve the clinical outcome of patients with highly aggressive, therapy-resistant tumors. Abstract The heightened energetic demand increases lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the corresponding oncometabolite lactate, expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and thereby promotes therapy resistance in many malignant tumor cell types. Therefore, we assessed the coregulation of LDH and the heat shock response with respect to radiation resistance in different tumor cells (B16F10 murine melanoma and LS174T human colorectal adenocarcinoma). The inhibition of LDH activity by oxamate or GNE-140, glucose deprivation and LDHA/B double knockout (LDH−/−) in B16F10 and LS174T cells significantly diminish tumor growth; ROS production and the cytosolic expression of different HSPs, including Hsp90, Hsp70 and Hsp27 concomitant with a reduction of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)/pHSF1. An altered lipid metabolism mediated by a LDHA/B double knockout results in a decreased presence of the Hsp70-anchoring glycosphingolipid Gb3 on the cell surface of tumor cells, which, in turn, reduces the membrane Hsp70 density and increases the extracellular Hsp70 levels. Vice versa, elevated extracellular lactate/pyruvate concentrations increase the membrane Hsp70 expression in wildtype tumor cells. Functionally, an inhibition of LDH causes a generalized reduction of cytosolic and membrane-bound HSPs in tumor cells and significantly increases the radiosensitivity, which is associated with a G2/M arrest. We demonstrate that targeting of the lactate/pyruvate metabolism breaks the radioresistance by impairing the stress response.
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O'Sullivan D, Stanczak MA, Villa M, Uhl FM, Corrado M, Klein Geltink RI, Sanin DE, Apostolova P, Rana N, Edwards-Hicks J, Grzes KM, Kabat AM, Kyle RL, Fabri M, Curtis JD, Buck MD, Patterson AE, Regina A, Field CS, Baixauli F, Puleston DJ, Pearce EJ, Zeiser R, Pearce EL. Fever supports CD8 + effector T cell responses by promoting mitochondrial translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023752118. [PMID: 34161266 PMCID: PMC8237659 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023752118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fever can provide a survival advantage during infection. Metabolic processes are sensitive to environmental conditions, but the effect of fever on T cell metabolism is not well characterized. We show that in activated CD8+ T cells, exposure to febrile temperature (39 °C) augmented metabolic activity and T cell effector functions, despite having a limited effect on proliferation or activation marker expression. Transcriptional profiling revealed an up-regulation of mitochondrial pathways, which was consistent with increased mass and metabolism observed in T cells exposed to 39 °C. Through in vitro and in vivo models, we determined that mitochondrial translation is integral to the enhanced metabolic activity and function of CD8+ T cells exposed to febrile temperature. Transiently exposing donor lymphocytes to 39 °C prior to infusion in a myeloid leukemia mouse model conferred enhanced therapeutic efficacy, raising the possibility that exposure of T cells to febrile temperatures could have clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O'Sullivan
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Michal A Stanczak
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Franziska M Uhl
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ramon I Klein Geltink
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - David E Sanin
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Petya Apostolova
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Nisha Rana
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Joy Edwards-Hicks
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ryan L Kyle
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mario Fabri
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Curtis
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Michael D Buck
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Annette E Patterson
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Annamaria Regina
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Cameron S Field
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Daniel J Puleston
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany;
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Auger C, Vinaik R, Appanna VD, Jeschke MG. Beyond mitochondria: Alternative energy-producing pathways from all strata of life. Metabolism 2021; 118:154733. [PMID: 33631145 PMCID: PMC8052308 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well-established that mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the universal energy currency. However, the most significant strengths of the electron transport chain (ETC), its intricacy and efficiency, are also its greatest downfalls. A reliance on metal complexes (FeS clusters, hemes), lipid moities such as cardiolipin, and cofactors including alpha-lipoic acid and quinones render oxidative phosphorylation vulnerable to environmental toxins, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fluctuations in diet. To that effect, it is of interest to note that temporal disruptions in ETC activity in most organisms are rarely fatal, and often a redundant number of failsafes are in place to permit continued ATP production when needed. Here, we highlight the metabolic reconfigurations discovered in organisms ranging from parasitic Entamoeba to bacteria such as pseudomonads and then complex eukaryotic systems that allow these species to adapt to and occasionally thrive in harsh environments. The overarching aim of this review is to demonstrate the plasticity of metabolic networks and recognize that in times of duress, life finds a way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Auger
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Roohi Vinaik
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Marc G Jeschke
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.
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Shariati FS, Keramati M, Valizadeh V, Cohan RA, Norouzian D. Comparison of E. coli based self-inducible expression systems containing different human heat shock proteins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4576. [PMID: 33633341 PMCID: PMC7907268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IPTG-inducible promoter is popularly used for the expression of recombinant proteins. However, it is not suitable at the industrial scale due to the high cost and toxicity on the producing cells. Recently, a Self-Inducible Expression (SILEX) system has developed to bypass such problems using Hsp70 as an autoinducer. Herein, the effect of other heat shock proteins on the autoinduction of green fluorescent protein (EGFP), romiplostim, and interleukin-2 was investigated. For quantitative measurements, EGFP expression was monitored after double-transformation of pET28a-EGFP and pET21a-(Hsp27/Hsp40/Hsp70) plasmids into E. coli using fluorimetry. Moreover, the expression level, bacterial growth curve, and plasmid and expression stability were compared to an IPTG- inducible system using EGFP. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in EGFP expression between autoinducible and IPTG-inducible systems. The expression level was higher in Hsp27 system than Hsp70/Hsp40 systems. However, the highest amount of expression was observed for the inducible system. IPTG-inducible and Hsp70 systems showed more lag-time in the bacterial growth curve than Hsp27/Hsp40 systems. A relatively stable EGFP expression was observed in SILEX systems after several freeze-thaw cycles within 90 days, while, IPTG-inducible system showed a decreasing trend compared to the newly transformed bacteria. Moreover, the inducible system showed more variation in the EGFP expression among different clones than clones obtained by SILEX systems. All designed SILEX systems successfully self-induced the expression of protein models. In conclusion, Hsp27 system could be considered as a suitable autoinducible system for protein expression due to less metabolic burden, lower variation in the expression level, suitable plasmid and expression stability, and a higher expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Shariati
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Keramati
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Valizadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahangari Cohan
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Dariush Norouzian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Hu W, Xu Z, Zhu S, Sun W, Wang X, Tan C, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Xu Y, Tang J. Small extracellular vesicle-mediated Hsp70 intercellular delivery enhances breast cancer adriamycin resistance. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:85-95. [PMID: 33418113 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin (ADR) resistance poses a significant challenge for successfully treating breast cancer (BCa). The mechanism underlying intrinsically acquisition of the resistance remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we describe that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediated Hsp70 transfer is implicated in ADR resistance. The resistant cells derived sEVs were incubated with sensitive cells, thereby transmitting the resistant phenotype to the recipient cells. The internalization of the sEVs in the recipient cells and sEV-mediated Hsp70 transfer into mitochondria were examined by confocal microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) incorporated with extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) was quantified by Seahorse XF Analyzer. Mechanistically, sEVs transported Hsp70, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired mitochondria in the recipient cells, thereby inhibiting respiration but promoting glycolysis. The sEVs effect on the metabolism of the recipient cells was alleviated by silencing Hsp70 in sEVs donor cells. The aspect of sEV-Hsp70 on drug-resistant transmission was further validated by tumor zebrafish xenografts. The finding from this work suggests that sEV-mediated Hsp70 intercellular delivery enhances ADR resistance mainly through reprogramming the recipient cell energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizi Hu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jingzhou Center Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 60 Jingzhon Middle Rd., Jingzhon, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Shuyi Zhu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Chunli Tan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Guangqin Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Yong Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
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Heat Stress Reduces Metabolic Rate While Increasing Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Growing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010215. [PMID: 33477278 PMCID: PMC7830201 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) diminishes animal production, reducing muscle growth and increasing adiposity, especially in swine. Excess heat creates a metabolic phenotype with limited lipid oxidation that relies on aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis as a predominant means of energy production, potentially reducing metabolic rate. To evaluate the effects of HS on substrate utilization and energy expenditure, crossbred barrows (15.2 ± 2.4 kg) were acclimatized for 5 days (22 °C), then treated with 5 days of TN (thermal neutral, 22 °C, n = 8) or HS (35 °C, n = 8). Pigs were fed ad libitum and monitored for respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature. Daily energy expenditure (DEE) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER, CO2:O2) were evaluated fasted in an enclosed chamber through indirect calorimetry. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the longissimus dorsi pre/post. HS increased temperature (39.2 ± 0.1 vs. 39.6 ± 0.1 °C, p < 0.01) and RER (0.91 ± 0.02 vs. 1.02 ± 0.02 VCO2:VO2, p < 0.01), but decreased DEE/BW (68.8 ± 1.7 vs. 49.7 ± 4.8 kcal/day/kg, p < 0.01) relative to TN. Weight gain (p = 0.80) and feed intake (p = 0.84) did not differ between HS and TN groups. HS decreased muscle metabolic flexibility (~33%, p = 0.01), but increased leucine oxidation (~35%, p = 0.02) compared to baseline values. These data demonstrate that HS disrupts substrate regulation and energy expenditure in growing pigs.
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Molecular Chaperones: Molecular Assembly Line Brings Metabolism and Immunity in Shape. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10100394. [PMID: 33023034 PMCID: PMC7600384 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a set of conserved proteins that have evolved to assist the folding of many newly synthesized proteins by preventing their misfolding under conditions such as elevated temperatures, hypoxia, acidosis and nutrient deprivation. Molecular chaperones belong to the heat shock protein (HSP) family. They have been identified as important participants in immune functions including antigen presentation, immunostimulation and immunomodulation, and play crucial roles in metabolic rewiring and epigenetic circuits. Growing evidence has accumulated to indicate that metabolic pathways and their metabolites influence the function of immune cells and can alter transcriptional activity through epigenetic modification of (de)methylation and (de)acetylation. However, whether molecular chaperones can regulate metabolic programs to influence immune activity is still largely unclear. In this review, we discuss the available data on the biological function of molecular chaperones to immune responses during inflammation, with a specific focus on the interplay between molecular chaperones and metabolic pathways that drive immune cell fate and function.
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Wu J, Zhang W, Li C. Recent Advances in Genetic and Epigenetic Modulation of Animal Exposure to High Temperature. Front Genet 2020; 11:653. [PMID: 32733534 PMCID: PMC7358359 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals have evolved multiple systems, including genetic and epigenetic systems, to respond accordingly to heat exposure and heat acclimation. Heat exposure greatly affects immunity, changes metabolic processes, and poses a serious threat to animals. Heat acclimation is induced by repeated organism exposure to heat stress to dissipate heat. This review focuses on genetic modulation via heat shock transcription factors and calcium as two important factors and compares the changes in HSPs under heat stress and heat acclimation. Epigenetic regulation summarizes the role of HSPs in DNA methylation and histone modifications under heat stress and heat acclimation. These genetic and epigenetic modifications protect cells from thermal damage by mediating the transcriptional levels of heat-responsive genes. This review highlights recent advances in the genetic and epigenetic control of animal thermal responses and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Light-activated oxygen self-supplied starving therapy in near-infrared (NIR) window and adjuvant hyperthermia-induced tumor ablation with an augmented sensitivity. Biomaterials 2020; 234:119771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sajjanar B, Siengdee P, Trakooljul N, Liu X, Kalbe C, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Cross-talk between energy metabolism and epigenetics during temperature stress response in C2C12 myoblasts. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 36:776-784. [PMID: 31431083 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2019.1639834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Environmental stress induces disturbances in cell energy metabolism and may cause epigenetic modifications. This study aimed to understand the possible impact of temperature stress (35 °C, 39 °C and 41 °C, compared to control 37 °C) on energy metabolism and epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone H4 acetylation, as well as its effects on the expression of genes responsible for epigenetic changes, in mouse skeletal myoblasts (C2C12 cells). Methods: The results showed significantly reduced maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity under heat stress (39 °C and 41 °C), suggesting that mitochondrial functions were compromised under these conditions. The glycolytic capacity and glycolysis markedly increased following low-temperature stress (35 °C). The results suggested that, under cold stress, cells prefer glycolysis as a rapid compensatory mechanism to meet energy requirements for adaptive thermogenic response. Results: Epigenetic changes (histone H4 acetylation and global DNA methylation) were observed under both heat and cold stress. Among the genes coding for DNA methyltransferases, the Dnmt3a was significantly increased under high-temperature conditions (39 °C and 41 °C), while Dnmt1 expression was significantly increased at low temperature (35 °C), indicating that under these conditions the cells preferred maintenance of methylation to de novo methylation activity. An expression pattern similar to Dnmt3a was observed for Gcn5, encoding for a histone acetyltransferase. The study revealed that temperature stress induced changes in the metabolic profiles, as well as epigenetic modifications, including the dynamics of the key enzymes. Conclusion: The results indicated the existence of crosstalk mechanisms between energy metabolism and epigenetics during cell stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basavaraj Sajjanar
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Puntita Siengdee
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Xuan Liu
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Claudia Kalbe
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany.,Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Rostock , Rostock , Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Functional Genome Analysis Research Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) , Dummerstorf , Germany
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Begcy K, Nosenko T, Zhou LZ, Fragner L, Weckwerth W, Dresselhaus T. Male Sterility in Maize after Transient Heat Stress during the Tetrad Stage of Pollen Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:683-700. [PMID: 31378720 PMCID: PMC6776839 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Shifts in the duration and intensity of ambient temperature impair plant development and reproduction, particularly male gametogenesis. Stress exposure causes meiotic defects or premature spore abortion in male reproductive organs, leading to male sterility. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying stress and male sterility. To elucidate these mechanisms, we imposed a moderate transient heat stress on maize (Zea mays) plants at the tetrad stage of pollen development. After completion of pollen development at optimal conditions, stress responses were assessed in mature pollen. Transient heat stress resulted in reduced starch content, decreased enzymatic activity, and reduced pollen germination, resulting in sterility. A transcriptomic comparison pointed toward misregulation of starch, lipid, and energy biosynthesis-related genes. Metabolomic studies showed an increase of Suc and its monosaccharide components, as well as a reduction in pyruvate. Lipidomic analysis showed increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids and decreased levels of saturated fatty acids. In contrast, the majority of genes involved in developmental processes such as those required for auxin and unfolded protein responses, signaling, and cell wall biosynthesis remained unaltered. It is noteworthy that changes in the regulation of transcriptional and metabolic pathway genes, as well as heat stress proteins, remained altered even though pollen could recover during further development at optimal conditions. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that a short moderate heat stress during the highly susceptible tetrad stage strongly affects basic metabolic pathways and thus generates germination-defective pollen, ultimately leading to severe yield losses in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Begcy
- University of Regensburg, Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- University of Florida, Environmental Horticulture Department, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0670
| | - Tetyana Nosenko
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Environmental Simulations, Helmholtz Center Munich, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Liang-Zi Zhou
- University of Regensburg, Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lena Fragner
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- University of Regensburg, Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Heat Shock Proteins Are Essential Components in Transformation and Tumor Progression: Cancer Cell Intrinsic Pathways and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184507. [PMID: 31514477 PMCID: PMC6769451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis is switched on in a remarkably wide range of tumor cells, in both experimental animal systems and in human cancer, in which these proteins accumulate in high levels. In each case, elevated HSP concentrations bode ill for the patient, and are associated with a poor outlook in terms of survival in most cancer types. The significance of elevated HSPs is underpinned by their essential roles in mediating tumor cell intrinsic traits such as unscheduled cell division, escape from programmed cell death and senescence, de novo angiogenesis, and increased invasion and metastasis. An increased HSP expression thus seems essential for tumorigenesis. Perhaps of equal significance is the pronounced interplay between cancer cells and the tumor milieu, with essential roles for intracellular HSPs in the properties of the stromal cells, and their roles in programming malignant cells and in the release of HSPs from cancer cells to influence the behavior of the adjacent tumor and infiltrating the normal cells. These findings of a triple role for elevated HSP expression in tumorigenesis strongly support the targeting of HSPs in cancer, especially given the role of such stress proteins in resistance to conventional therapies.
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Amemiya T, Shibata K, Du Y, Nakata S, Yamaguchi T. Modeling studies of heterogeneities in glycolytic oscillations in HeLa cervical cancer cells. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2019; 29:033132. [PMID: 30927859 DOI: 10.1063/1.5087216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous experiments demonstrated that a population of HeLa cells starved of glucose or both glucose and serum exhibited a strong heterogeneity in the glycolytic oscillations in terms of the number of oscillatory cells, periods of oscillations, and duration of oscillations. Here, we report numerical simulations of this heterogeneous oscillatory behavior in HeLa cells by using a newly developed mathematical model. It is simple enough that we can apply a mathematical analysis, but capture the core of the glycolytic pathway and the activity of the glucose transporter (GLUT). Lognormal distributions of the values of the four rate constants in the model were obtained from the experimental distributions in the periods of oscillations. Thus, the heterogeneity in the periods of oscillations can be attributed to the difference in the rate constants of the enzymatic reactions. The activity of GLUT is found to determine whether the HeLa cells were oscillatory or non-oscillatory under the same experimental conditions. Simulation with the log-normal distribution of the maximum uptake velocity of glucose and the four randomized rate constants based on the log-normal distributions successfully reproduced the time-dependent number of oscillatory cells (oscillatory ratios) under the two starving conditions. The difference in the initial values of the metabolites has little effect on the simulated results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Amemiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (YNU), 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kenichi Shibata
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (YNU), 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yichen Du
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (YNU), 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakata
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamaguchi
- Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), 4-21-1 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-8525, Japan
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Rezvykh AP, Yurinskaya MM, Vinokurov MG, Krasnov GS, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA, Evgen’ev MB, Zatsepina OG. The Effect of Beta-Amyloid Peptides and Main Stress Protein HSP70 on Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Proteome. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318060158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim M, Min YS, Sohn UD. Cytoprotective effect of eupatilin against indomethacin-induced damage in feline esophageal epithelial cells: relevance of HSP27 and HSP70. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:1019-1031. [PMID: 30109575 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with clearly known side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether eupatilin inhibit cell injury induced by indomethacin in cultured feline esophageal epithelial cells (EECs). EECs were used to investigate the ability of eupatilin to induce the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP27 and HSP70) and analyze its cytoprotective effect against indomethacin-induced damage. The treatment of EECs with indomethacin for 8 h decreased cell viability. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of HSPs gradually decreased in cells treated with indomethacin, while eupatilin treatment increased the levels of HSPs. When treated with both indomethacin and eupatilin, the levels of HSPs increased rapidly, and were maintained at 130-140%. In addition, treatment with the specific inhibitors of PTK, PKC, PLC, p38 MAPK, JNKs, and PI3K attenuated the eupatilin-induced expression of HSPs. Pretreatment of EECs with the inhibitors of protein synthesis, actinomycin D or cycloheximide, attenuated the cytoprotective effect of eupatilin on indomethacin-induced cell damage. Reactive oxygen species production was upregulated by indomethacin, but downregulated by eupatilin. Taken together, it was suggested that HSPs were partly responsible for the eupatilin-mediated cytoprotective activity against the indomethacin-induced damage in EECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sil Min
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Convergence Science and Technology, Jung Won University, Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28054, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Yu Y, Gorshkov B, Haigh S, Bordan Z, Weintraub D, Rudic RD, Chakraborty T, Barman SA, Verin AD, Su Y, Lucas R, Stepp DW, Chen F, Fulton DJR. Hsp70 Suppresses Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species and Preserves Pulmonary Microvascular Barrier Integrity Following Exposure to Bacterial Toxins. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1309. [PMID: 29951058 PMCID: PMC6008539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in children and the elderly worldwide, accounting for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common and aggressive cause of pneumonia and can also contribute to meningitis and sepsis. Despite the widespread use of antibiotics, mortality rates for pneumonia remain unacceptably high in part due to the release of bacterial toxins. Pneumolysin (PLY) is a cholesterol-dependent toxin that is produced by Streptococcus, and it is both necessary and sufficient for the development of the extensive pulmonary permeability edema that underlies acute lung injury. The mechanisms by which PLY disrupts the pulmonary endothelial barrier are not fully understood. Previously, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the barrier destructive effects of PLY and identified an unexpected but potent role of Hsp70 in suppressing ROS production. The ability of Hsp70 to influence PLY-induced barrier dysfunction is not yet described, and the goal of the current study was to identify whether Hsp70 upregulation is an effective strategy to protect the lung microvascular endothelial barrier from G+ bacterial toxins. Overexpression of Hsp70 via adenovirus-mediated gene transfer attenuated PLY-induced increases in permeability in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) with no evidence of cytotoxicity. To adopt a more translational approach, we employed a pharmacological approach using geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) to acutely upregulate endogenous Hsp70 expression. Following acute treatment (6 h) with GGA, HLMVECs exposed to PLY displayed improved cell viability and enhanced endothelial barrier function as measured by both Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) and transwell permeability assays compared to control treated cells. PLY promoted increased mitochondrial ROS, decreased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and increased caspase 3 cleavage and cell death, which were collectively improved in cells pretreated with GGA. In mice, IP pretreatment with GGA 24 h prior to IT administration of PLY resulted in significantly less Evans Blue Dye extravasation compared to vehicle, indicating preserved endothelial barrier integrity and suggesting that the acute upregulation of Hsp70 may be an effective therapeutic approach in the treatment of lung injury associated with pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yanfang Yu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boris Gorshkov
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Stephen Haigh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Zsuzsanna Bordan
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Radu Daniel Rudic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Scott A Barman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Alexander D Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - David W Stepp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - David J R Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Weinert LA, Welch JJ. Why Might Bacterial Pathogens Have Small Genomes? Trends Ecol Evol 2017; 32:936-947. [PMID: 29054300 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria that cause serious disease often have smaller genomes, and fewer genes, than their nonpathogenic, or less pathogenic relatives. Here, we review evidence for the generality of this association, and summarise the various reasons why the association might hold. We focus on the population genetic processes that might lead to reductive genome evolution, and show how several of these could be connected to pathogenicity. We find some evidence for most of the processes having acted in bacterial pathogens, including several different modes of genome reduction acting in the same lineage. We argue that predictable processes of genome evolution might not reflect any common underlying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Weinert
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
| | - John J Welch
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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A novel immunosensor based on fullerene C60 for electrochemical analysis of heat shock protein 70. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Role of PTEN in Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in the Liver of Whole-Body Pten Haplodeficient Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166956. [PMID: 27893783 PMCID: PMC5125655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity are frequently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and with an elevated cancer incidence. The molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in this context are only partially understood. High blood insulin levels are typical in early T2DM and excessive insulin can cause elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and genomic instability. ROS are important for various cellular functions in signaling and host defense. However, elevated ROS formation is thought to be involved in cancer induction. In the molecular events from insulin receptor binding to genomic damage, some signaling steps have been identified, pointing at the PI3K/AKT pathway. For further elucidation Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (Pten), a tumour suppressor phosphatase that plays a role in insulin signaling by negative regulation of PI3K/AKT and its downstream targets, was investigated here. Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining was used to detect ROS formation in immortalized human hepatocytes. Comet assay and micronucleus test were performed to investigate genomic damage in vitro. In liver samples, DHE staining and western blot detection of HSP70 and HO-1 were performed to evaluate oxidative stress response. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were detected by immunohistostaining. Inhibition of PTEN with the pharmacologic inhibitor VO-OHpic resulted in increased ROS production and genomic damage in a liver cell line. Knockdown of Pten in a mouse model yielded increased oxidative stress levels, detected by ROS levels and expression of the two stress-proteins HSP70 and HO-1 and elevated genomic damage in the liver, which was significant in mice fed with a high fat diet. We conclude that PTEN is involved in oxidative stress and genomic damage induction in vitro and that this may also explain the in vivo observations. This further supports the hypothesis that the PI3K/AKT pathway is responsible for damaging effects of high levels of insulin.
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Pestana JLT, Novais SC, Norouzitallab P, Vandegehuchte MB, Bossier P, De Schamphelaere KAC. Non-lethal heat shock increases tolerance to metal exposure in brine shrimp. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:663-670. [PMID: 27619211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pollution and temperature increase are two of the most important stressors that aquatic organisms are facing. Exposure to elevated temperatures and metal contamination both induce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which may thus be involved in the induced cross-tolerance in various organisms. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that exposure to a non-lethal heat shock (NLHS) causes an increased tolerance to subsequent metal exposure. Using gnotobiotic cultures of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana, the tolerance to Cd and Zn acute exposures was tested after a prior NLHS treatment (30min exposure to 37°C). The effects of NLHS and metal exposure were also assessed by measuring 70kDa-HSPs production, along with the analysis of epigenetic markers such as DNA methylation and histone H3 and histone H4 acetylation. Our results showed that heat-shocked Artemia had increased acute tolerance to Cd and Zn. However, different patterns of HSPs were observed between the two metal compounds and no epigenetic alterations were observed in response to heat shock or metal exposure. These results suggest that HSP production is a phenotypically plastic trait with a potential role in temperature-induced tolerance to metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- João L T Pestana
- Department of Biology & CESAM - University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Rozier 44, Gent 9000, Belgium; Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Michiel B Vandegehuchte
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Rozier 44, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Nalos M, Parnell G, Robergs R, Booth D, McLean AS, Tang BM. Transcriptional reprogramming of metabolic pathways in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med Exp 2016; 4:21. [PMID: 27387528 PMCID: PMC4936987 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-016-0094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critical illness causes a shift away from mitochondrial metabolism towards a greater dependence on glycolysis. This metabolic shift is thought to be associated with lactic acidosis, organ dysfunction and poor clinical outcomes. The current paradigm is that low oxygen supply causes regional hypoxia, which in turn drives such a metabolic shift. In this study, we evaluated whether the shift towards glycolysis can also occur in cells where oxygen supply is plentiful. Methods We used circulating blood cells from non-hypoxic critically ill patients (n = 47) as a model to study cellular metabolism in a normal oxygen milieu. We measured the transcriptomic profiles of canonical metabolic pathways in these cells and compared them to cells obtained from healthy controls (n = 18). Results Transcriptomic profiling revealed a significant reprogramming of metabolic pathways during critical illness. In well-oxygenated cells, there was a reduced expression of tricarboxylic acid cycle genes and genes associated with pyruvate entry into the mitochondria suggesting decreased mitochondrial oxidation. In contrast, glycolysis was accelerated, as reflected by an up-regulation of genes coding for enzymes of early and late glycolytic pathway that were associated with increased lactate production. The pentose phosphate pathway genes for NADPH production were also up-regulated suggesting enhanced antioxidant production during increased oxidative stress. Conclusions Contrary to the established paradigm, aerobic glycolysis does occur in non-hypoxic cells during critical illness and its occurrence may represent an adaptive strategy common to cells under increased oxidative stress. Further study of this previously under-recognized metabolic phenomenon might identify novel drug target for antioxidant therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40635-016-0094-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Nalos
- Nepean Genomic Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Grant Parnell
- Nepean Genomic Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert Robergs
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony S McLean
- Nepean Genomic Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Tang
- Nepean Genomic Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
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Codonho BS, Costa SDS, Peloso EDF, Joazeiro PP, Gadelha FR, Giorgio S. HSP70 of Leishmania amazonensis alters resistance to different stresses and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 0:0. [PMID: 27304024 PMCID: PMC4957499 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760160087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) is a molecular chaperone that assists the parasite Leishmania in returning to homeostasis after being subjected to different types of stress during its life cycle. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of HSP70 transfection of L. amazonensis promastigotes (pTEX-HSP70) in terms of morphology, resistance, infectivity and mitochondrial bioenergetics. The pTEX-HSP70 promastigotes showed no ultrastructural morphological changes compared to control parasites. Interestingly, the pTEX-HSP70 promastigotes are resistant to heat shock, H2O2-induced oxidative stress and hyperbaric environments. Regarding the bioenergetics parameters, the pTEX-HSP70 parasites had higher respiratory rates and released less H2O2 than the control parasites. Nevertheless, the infectivity capacity of the parasites did not change, as verified by the infection of murine peritoneal macrophages and human macrophages, as well as the infection of BALB/c mice. Together, these results indicate that the overexpression of HSP70 protects L. amazonensis from stress, but does not interfere with its infective capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Santoni Codonho
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Solange dos Santos Costa
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Eduardo de Figueiredo Peloso
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo Pinto Joazeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Ramos Gadelha
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Selma Giorgio
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Chawla S, Rahar B, Saxena S. S1P prophylaxis mitigates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced molecular, biochemical, and metabolic disturbances: A preclinical report. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:365-75. [PMID: 26959531 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is emerging to have hypoxic preconditioning potential in various preclinical studies. The study aims to evaluate the preclinical preconditioning efficacy of exogenously administered S1P against acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced pathological disturbances. Male Sprague Dawley rats (200 ± 20 g) were preconditioned with 1, 10, and 100 μg/kg body weight (b.w.) S1P (i.v.) for three consecutive days. On the third day, S1P preconditioned animals, along with hypoxia control animals, were exposed to HH equivalent to 7,620 m (280 mm Hg) for 6 h. Postexposure status of cardiac energy production, circulatory vasoactive mediators, pulmonary and cerebral oxidative damage, and inflammation were assessed. HH exposure led to cardiac energy deficit indicated by low ATP levels and pronounced AMPK activation levels, raised circulatory levels of brain natriuretic peptide and endothelin-1 with respect to total nitrate (NOx), redox imbalance, inflammation, and alterations in NOx levels in the pulmonary and cerebral tissues. These pathological precursors have been routinely reported to be coincident with high-altitude diseases. Preconditioning with S1P, especially 1 µg/kg b.w. dose, was seen to reverse the manifestation of these pathological disturbances. The protective efficacy could be attributed, at least in part, to enhanced activity of cardioprotective protein kinase C and activation of small GTPase Rac1, which led to further induction of hypoxia-adaptive molecular mediators: hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and Hsp70. This is a first such report, to the best of our knowledge, elucidating the mechanism of exogenous S1P-mediated HIF-1α/Hsp70 induction. Conclusively, systemic preconditioning with 1 μg/kg b.w. S1P in rats protects against acute HH-induced pathological disturbances. © 2016 IUBMB Life 68(5):365-375, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Chawla
- Experimental Biology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Babita Rahar
- Experimental Biology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Saxena
- Experimental Biology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
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De Riccardis L, Rizzello A, Ferramosca A, Urso E, De Robertis F, Danieli A, Giudetti AM, Trianni G, Zara V, Maffia M. Bioenergetics profile of CD4(+) T cells in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis subjects. J Biotechnol 2015; 202:31-9. [PMID: 25701681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. There are four clinical forms of MS, the most common of which is characterized by a relapsing remitting course (RRMS). The etiology of MS is unknown, but many studies suggested that genetic, environmental and infectious agents may contribute to the development of this disease. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for MS, it has been shown that CD4(+) T cells play a key role in MS pathogenesis. In fact, these cells are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and cause axonal damage with neuronal death. T cell activation critically depends on mitochondrial ATP synthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Interestingly, lots of studies linked the oxidative damage arising from mitochondrial changes to neurodegenerative disorders, such as MS. Based on these evidences, this work focused on the metabolic reprogramming of CD4(+) T cells in MS subjects, being this cell population directly implicated in pathogenesis of disease, paying attention to mitochondrial function and response to oxidative stress. Such aspects, once clarified, may open new opportunities for a therapeutic metabolic modulation of MS disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia De Riccardis
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonia Rizzello
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferramosca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Emanuela Urso
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Danieli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giorgio Trianni
- Department of Neurology, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Maffia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
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Tripathy S, Sen R, Padhi SK, Mohanty S, Maiti NK. Upregulation of transcripts for metabolism in diverse environments is a shared response associated with survival and adaptation of Klebsiella pneumoniae in response to temperature extremes. Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 14:591-601. [PMID: 24890397 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-014-0382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae being ubiquitous in nature encounters wide differences in environmental condition. The organism's abundance in natural water reservoirs exposed to temperature variation forms the basis of its persistence and spread in the soil and other farm produce. In order to investigate the effect of temperature changes on the survival and adaptation of the bacteria, the transcriptional response of K. pneumoniae subjected to low (20 °C) and high (50 °C) temperature shock were executed using Applied Biosystems SOLiD platform. Approximately, 33 and 34% of protein coding genes expressed in response to 20 and 50 °C, respectively, displayed significant up- or downregulation (p < 0.01). Most of the significantly expressed transcripts mapped to metabolism, membrane transport, and cell motility were downregulated at 50 °C, except for protein folding, sorting, and degradation, suggesting that heat stress causes general downregulation of gene expression together with induction of heat shock proteins. While at 20 °C, the transcripts of carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism were highly upregulated. Hypothetical proteins as well as canonical heat and cold shock proteins, viz. grpE, clpX, recA, and deaD were upregulated commonly in response to 20 and 50 °C. Significant upregulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins at 20 and 50 °C possibly suggest their role in the survival of K. pneumoniae cells under low- and high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tripathy
- Microbiology unit, Division of Fish Health Management, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751002, India
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Luo S, Chong Wong S, Xu C, Hanski I, Wang R, Lehtonen R. Phenotypic plasticity in thermal tolerance in the Glanville fritillary butterfly. J Therm Biol 2014; 42:33-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hiyama G, Matsuzaki M, Mizushima S, Dohra H, Ikegami K, Yoshimura T, Shiba K, Inaba K, Sasanami T. Sperm activation by heat shock protein 70 supports the migration of sperm released from sperm storage tubules in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Reproduction 2014; 147:167-78. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systems for maintaining the viability of ejaculated sperm in the female reproductive tract are widespread among vertebrates and invertebrates. In birds, this sperm storage function is performed by specialized simple tubular invaginations called sperm storage tubules (SSTs) in the uterovaginal junction (UVJ) of the oviduct. Although the incidence and physiological reasons for sperm storage in birds have been reported extensively, the mechanisms of sperm uptake by the SSTs, sperm maintenance within the SSTs, and control of sperm release from the SSTs are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the highly conserved heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) stimulates sperm motility in vitro and also that HSP70 expressed in the UVJ may facilitate the migration of sperm released from the SSTs. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the UVJ increases before ovulation/oviposition. Gene-specific in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis with a specific antibody to HSP70 demonstrated that HSP70 is localized in the surface epithelium of the UVJ. Furthermore, injection of anti-HSP70 antibody into the vagina significantly inhibited fertilization in vivo. In addition, we found that recombinant HSP70 activates flagellar movement in the sperm and that the binding of recombinant HSP70 to the sperm surface is mediated through an interaction with voltage-dependent anion channel protein 2 (VDAC2). Our results suggest that HSP70 binds to the sperm surface by interacting with VDAC2 and activating sperm motility. This binding appears to play an important role in sperm migration within the oviduct.
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Ma J, Farmer KL, Pan P, Urban MJ, Zhao H, Blagg BSJ, Dobrowsky RT. Heat shock protein 70 is necessary to improve mitochondrial bioenergetics and reverse diabetic sensory neuropathy following KU-32 therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 348:281-92. [PMID: 24263156 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.210435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired neuronal mitochondrial bioenergetics contributes to the pathophysiologic progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and may be a focal point for disease management. We have demonstrated that modulating heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 and Hsp70 with the small-molecule drug KU-32 ameliorates psychosensory, electrophysiologic, morphologic, and bioenergetic deficits of DPN in animal models of type 1 diabetes. The current study used mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes to determine the relationship of changes in sensory neuron mitochondrial bioenergetics to the onset of and recovery from DPN. The onset of DPN showed a tight temporal correlation with a decrease in mitochondrial bioenergetics in a genetic model of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, sensory hypoalgesia developed 10 weeks before the occurrence of significant declines in sensory neuron mitochondrial bioenergetics in the type 1 model. KU-32 therapy improved mitochondrial bioenergetics in both the type 1 and type 2 models, and this tightly correlated with a decrease in DPN. Mechanistically, improved mitochondrial function following KU-32 therapy required Hsp70, since the drug was ineffective in diabetic Hsp70 knockout mice. Our data indicate that changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics may rapidly contribute to nerve dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but not type 1 diabetes, and that modulating Hsp70 offers an effective approach toward correcting sensory neuron bioenergetic deficits and DPN in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.M., K.L.F., P.P. M.J.U., R.T.D.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (H.Z., B.S.J.B.), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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