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Zandt MV, Pittenger C. Sexual dimorphism in histamine regulation of striatal dopamine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.20.595049. [PMID: 38826392 PMCID: PMC11142073 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.595049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Many neuropsychiatric disorders show sex differences in prevalence and presentation. For example, Tourette's Syndrome (TS) is diagnosed 3-5 times more often in males. Dopamine modulation of the basal ganglia is implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric conditions, including TS. Motivated by an unexpected genetic finding in a family with TS, we previously characterized the modulation of striatal dopamine by histamine. Methods We used microdialysis to analyze striatal dopamine response to the targeted infusion of histamine and histamine agonists. siRNA knockdown of histamine receptors was used to identify the cellular mediators of observed effects. Results Intracerebroventricular histamine reduced striatal dopamine in male mice, replicating previous work. Unexpectedly, histamine increased striatal dopamine in females. Targeted infusion of selected agonists revealed that the effect in males depends on H2R receptors in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Knockdown of H2R in SNc GABAergic neurons abrogated the effect, identifying these cells as a key locus of histamine's regulation of dopamine in males. In females, in contrast, H2R had no role; instead, H3R agonists in the striatum increased striatal dopamine. Strikingly, the effect of histamine on dopamine in females was modulated by the estrous cycle, appearing in estrus/proestrus but not in metestrus/diestrus. Conclusions These findings confirm the regulation of striatal dopamine by histamine but identify marked sexual dimorphism in and estrous modulation of this effect. These findings may shed light on the mechanistic underpinnings of other sex differences in the striatal circuitry, perhaps including the marked sex differences seen in TS and related neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Van Zandt
- Pittenger Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christopher Pittenger
- Pittenger Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale School of Arts and Sciences, New Haven, USA
- Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
- Wu-Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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2
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Yang L, Wang Y, Chen Z. Central histaminergic signalling, neural excitability and epilepsy. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:3-22. [PMID: 34599508 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by repeated and spontaneous epileptic seizures and is not well controlled by current medication. Traditional theory suggests that epilepsy results from an imbalance of excitatory glutamate neurons and inhibitory GABAergic neurons. However, new evidence from clinical and preclinical research suggests that histamine in the CNS plays an important role in the modulation of neural excitability and in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Many histamine receptor ligands have achieved curative effects in animal epilepsy models, among which the histamine H3 receptor antagonist pitolisant has shown anti-epileptic effects in clinical trials. Recent studies, therefore, have focused on the potential action of histamine receptors to control and treat epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the findings from animal and clinical epilepsy research on the role of brain histamine and its receptors. We also identify current gaps in the research and suggest where further studies are most needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Calabrò RS, Cacciola A, Bruschetta D, Milardi D, Quattrini F, Sciarrone F, la Rosa G, Bramanti P, Anastasi G. Neuroanatomy and function of human sexual behavior: A neglected or unknown issue? Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01389. [PMID: 31568703 PMCID: PMC6908863 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual desire, arousal, and orgasm are mediated by complex, yet still not fully understood, interactions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems operating at the central and peripheral levels. Disruption of endocrine, neural, or vascular response, caused by aging, medical illness, neurological diseases, surgery, or drugs, can lead to sexual dysfunctions, thus significantly affecting patients' quality of life. PURPOSE This narrative review aims at characterizing the involvement of the central nervous system in human sexual behavior. METHODS A literature search was conducted using PubMed in its entirety up to June 2018, analyzing the studies dealing with the neurobiological and neurophysiological basis of human sexuality. RESULTS Sexual behavior is regulated by both subcortical structures, such as the hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord, and several cortical brain areas acting as an orchestra to finely adjust this primitive, complex, and versatile behavior. At the central level, dopaminergic and serotonergic systems appear to play a significant role in various factors of sexual response, although adrenergic, cholinergic, and other neuropeptide transmitter systems may contribute as well. CONCLUSIONS Providing healthcare professionals with information concerning sexual behavior may overcome useless and sometimes dangerous barriers and improve patient management, since sexual well-being is considered one of the most important aspects of one's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniele Bruschetta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milardi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Kow LM, Pataky S, Dupré C, Phan A, Martin-Alguacil N, Pfaff DW. Analyses of rapid estrogen actions on rat ventromedial hypothalamic neurons. Steroids 2016; 111:100-112. [PMID: 27017919 PMCID: PMC4965276 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rapid estrogen actions are widely diverse across many cell types. We conducted a series of electrophysiological studies on single rat hypothalamic neurons and found that estradiol (E2) could rapidly and independently potentiate neuronal excitation/depolarizations induced by histamine (HA) and N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA). Now, the present whole-cell patch study was designed to determine whether E2 potentiates HA and NMDA depolarizations - mediated by distinctly different types of receptors - by the same or by different mechanisms. For this, the actions of HA, NMDA, as well as E2, were investigated first using various ion channel blockers and then by analyzing and comparing their channel activating characteristics. Results indicate that: first, both HA and NMDA depolarize neurons by inhibiting K(+) currents. Second, E2 potentiates both HA and NMDA depolarizations by enhancing the inhibition of K(+) currents, an inhibition caused by the two transmitters. Third, E2 employs the very same mechanism, the enhancement of K(+) current inhibition, thus to rapidly potentiate HA and NMDA depolarizations. These data are of behavioral importance, since the rapid E2 potentiation of depolarization synergizes with nuclear genomic actions of E2 to facilitate lordosis behavior, the primary female-typical reproductive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ming Kow
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Stefan Pataky
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Christophe Dupré
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Anna Phan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Nieves Martin-Alguacil
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Donald W Pfaff
- Laboratory of Neurobiology & Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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5
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Liu ZL, Wu X, Luo YJ, Wang L, Qu WM, Li SQ, Huang ZL. Signaling mechanism underlying the histamine-modulated action of hypoglossal motoneurons. J Neurochem 2016; 137:277-86. [PMID: 26811198 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Histamine, an important modulator of the arousal states of the central nervous system, has been reported to contribute an excitatory drive at the hypoglossal motor nucleus to the genioglossus (GG) muscle, which is involved in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea. However, the effect of histamine on hypoglossal motoneurons (HMNs) and the underlying signaling mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were conducted using neonatal rat brain sections, which showed that histamine excited HMNs with an inward current under voltage-clamp and a depolarization membrane potential under current-clamp via histamine H1 receptors (H1Rs). The phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122 blocked H1Rs-mediated excitatory effects, but protein kinase A inhibitor and protein kinase C inhibitor did not, indicating that the signal transduction cascades underlying the excitatory action of histamine on HMNs were H1R/Gq/11 /phospholipase C/inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). The effects of histamine were also dependent on extracellular Na(+) and intracellular Ca(2+), which took place via activation of Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchangers. These results identify the signaling molecules associated with the regulatory effect of histamine on HMNs. The findings of this study may provide new insights into therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea. We proposed the post-synaptic mechanisms underlying the modulation effect of histamine on hypoglossal motoneuron. Histamine activates the H1Rs via PLC and IP3, increases Ca(2+) releases from intracellular stores, promotes Na(+) influx and Ca(2+) efflux via the NCXs, and then produces an inward current and depolarizes the neurons. Histamine modulates the excitability of HMNs with other neuromodulators, such as noradrenaline, serotonin and orexin. We think that these findings should provide an important new direction for drug development for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Center of Snoring and Sleep Apnea Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Center of Snoring and Sleep Apnea Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Qun Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Center of Snoring and Sleep Apnea Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Contreras M, Riveros ME, Quispe M, Sánchez C, Perdomo G, Torrealba F, Valdés JL. The Histaminergic Tuberomamillary Nucleus Is Involved in Appetite for Sex, Water and Amphetamine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148484. [PMID: 26845170 PMCID: PMC4743640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The histaminergic system is one component of the ascending arousal system which is involved in wakefulness, neuroendocrine control, cognition, psychiatric disorders and motivation. During the appetitive phase of motivated behaviors the arousal state rises to an optimal level, thus giving proper intensity to the behavior. Previous studies have demonstrated that the histaminergic neurons show an earlier activation during the appetitive phase of feeding, compared to other ascending arousal system nuclei, paralleled with a high increase in arousal state. Lesions restricted to the histaminergic neurons in rats reduced their motivation to get food even after 24 h of food deprivation, compared with intact or sham lesioned rats. Taken together, these findings indicate that the histaminergic system is important for appetitive behavior related to feeding. However, its role in other goal-directed behaviors remains unexplored. In the present work, male rats rendered motivated to obtain water, sex, or amphetamine showed an increase in Fos-ir of histaminergic neurons in appetitive behaviors directed to get those reinforcers. However, during appetitive tests to obtain sex, or drug in amphetamine-conditioned rats, Fos expression increased in most other ascending arousal system nuclei, including the orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, dorsal raphe, locus coeruleus and laterodorsal tegmental neurons, but not in the ventral tegmental area, which showed no Fos-ir increase in any of the 3 conditions. Importantly, all these appetitive behaviors were drastically reduced after histaminergic cell-specific lesion, suggesting a critical contribution of histamine on the intensity component of several appetitive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contreras
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - María E. Riveros
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Fisiología Celular Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo. Santiago, Chile
| | - Maricel Quispe
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Sánchez
- Programa disciplinario de Fisiología y Biofísica, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, BNI, I.C.B.M., Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guayec Perdomo
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Torrealba
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - José L. Valdés
- Programa disciplinario de Fisiología y Biofísica, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, BNI, I.C.B.M., Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile
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Marson L, Giamberardino MA, Costantini R, Czakanski P, Wesselmann U. Animal Models for the Study of Female Sexual Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2015; 1:108-122. [PMID: 27784584 DOI: 10.1002/smrj.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Significant progress has been made in elucidating the physiological and pharmacological mechanisms of female sexual function through preclinical animal research. The continued development of animal models is vital for the understanding and treatment of the many diverse disorders that occur in women. AIM To provide an updated review of the experimental models evaluating female sexual function that may be useful for clinical translation. METHODS Review of English written, peer-reviewed literature, primarily from 2000 to 2012, that described studies on female sexual behavior related to motivation, arousal, physiological monitoring of genital function and urogenital pain. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Analysis of supporting evidence for the suitability of the animal model to provide measurable indices related to desire, arousal, reward, orgasm, and pelvic pain. RESULTS The development of female animal models has provided important insights in the peripheral and central processes regulating sexual function. Behavioral models of sexual desire, motivation, and reward are well developed. Central arousal and orgasmic responses are less well understood, compared with the physiological changes associated with genital arousal. Models of nociception are useful for replicating symptoms and identifying the neurobiological pathways involved. While in some cases translation to women correlates with the findings in animals, the requirement of circulating hormones for sexual receptivity in rodents and the multifactorial nature of women's sexual function requires better designed studies and careful analysis. The current models have studied sexual dysfunction or pelvic pain in isolation; combining these aspects would help to elucidate interactions of the pathophysiology of pain and sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Basic research in animals has been vital for understanding the anatomy, neurobiology, and physiological mechanisms underlying sexual function and urogenital pain. These models are important for understanding the etiology of female sexual function and for future development of pharmacological treatments for sexual dysfunctions with or without pain. Marson L, Giamberardino MA, Costantini R, Czakanski P, and Wesselmann U. Animal models for the study of female sexual dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2013;1:108-122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Marson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | | | - Peter Czakanski
- University of Alabama at Birmingham-Departments of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ursula Wesselmann
- University of Alabama at Birmingham-Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Birmingham, AL, USA
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8
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Kim YS, Kim YB, Kim WB, Yoon BE, Shen FY, Lee SW, Soong TW, Han HC, Colwell CS, Lee CJ, Kim YI. Histamine resets the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus through the H1R-CaV1.3-RyR pathway in the mouse. Eur J Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sik Kim
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Young-Beom Kim
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Woong Bin Kim
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Yoon
- Center for Neural Science and Center for Functional Connectomics; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science; Dankook University; Chungnam Korea
| | - Feng-Yan Shen
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Tuck-Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore Bik MD9; Singapore Singapore
| | - Hee-Chul Han
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
| | - Christopher S. Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences; University of California-Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - C. Justin Lee
- Center for Neural Science and Center for Functional Connectomics; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
| | - Yang In Kim
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Research Institute; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul 136-705 Korea
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The mast cell stabilizer sodium cromoglycate reduces histamine release and status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2015; 92:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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10
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Gemba C, Nakayama K, Nakamura S, Mochizuki A, Inoue M, Inoue T. Involvement of histaminergic inputs in the jaw-closing reflex arc. J Neurophysiol 2015; 113:3720-35. [PMID: 25904711 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00515.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine receptors are densely expressed in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MesV) and trigeminal motor nucleus. However, little is known about the functional roles of neuronal histamine in controlling oral-motor activity. Thus, using the whole-cell recording technique in brainstem slice preparations from Wistar rats aged between postnatal days 7 and 13, we investigated the effects of histamine on the MesV neurons innervating the masseter muscle spindles and masseter motoneurons (MMNs) that form a reflex arc for the jaw-closing reflex. Bath application of histamine (100 μM) induced membrane depolarization in both MesV neurons and MMNs in the presence of tetrodotoxin, whereas histamine decreased and increased the input resistance in MesV neurons and MMNs, respectively. The effects of histamine on MesV neurons and MMNs were mimicked by an H1 receptor agonist, 2-pyridylethylamine (100 μM). The effects of an H2 receptor agonist, dimaprit (100 μM), on MesV neurons were inconsistent, whereas MMNs were depolarized without changes in the input resistance. An H3 receptor agonist, immethridine (100 μM), also depolarized both MesV neurons and MMNs without changing the input resistance. Histamine reduced the peak amplitude of postsynaptic currents (PSCs) in MMNs evoked by stimulation of the trigeminal motor nerve (5N), which was mimicked by 2-pyridylethylamine but not by dimaprit or immethridine. Moreover, 2-pyridylethylamine increased the failure rate of PSCs evoked by minimal stimulation and the paired-pulse ratio. These results suggest that histaminergic inputs to MesV neurons through H1 receptors are involved in the suppression of the jaw-closing reflex although histamine depolarizes MesV neurons and/or MMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Gemba
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Oota-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Nakayama
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Nakamura
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Mochizuki
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Inoue
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Oota-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Inoue
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Bicer F, Altuntas CZ, Izgi K, Ozer A, Kavran M, Tuohy VK, Daneshgari F. Chronic pelvic allodynia is mediated by CCL2 through mast cells in an experimental autoimmune cystitis model. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 308:F103-13. [PMID: 25209862 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00202.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cause of chronic pelvic pain in interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) remains unclear; autoimmunity is a possible etiology. We have recently shown that injection of a single immunogenic peptide of uroplakin 3A (UPK3A 65-84) induces experimental autoimmune cystitis (EAC) in female BALB/cJ mice that is unique among experimental models in accurately reflecting both the urinary symptoms and pelvic pain of IC/PBS. The aim of this project was to identify the roles of mast cells and mast cell chemoattractant/activator monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)] in the allodynia in this model. We immunized 6- to 8-wk-old female BALB/cJ mice with UPK3A 65-84 peptide and, 5-40 days later, observed increased responses to stimulation of the suprapubic abdominal and hindpaw surfaces with von Frey monofilaments compared with mice injected with adjuvant alone. Suprapubic and hindpaw tactile allodynia responses by EAC mice were blocked by instillation of lidocaine into the bladder but not by lidocaine in the uterus, confirming the bladder as the source of the hypersensitivity. Markedly increased numbers of activated mast cells and expression of CCL2 were found in the bladder after immunization with UPK3A 65-84. Hypersensitive responses were inhibited by mast cell stabilizer cromolyn sodium and antagonists of histamine receptors 1 and 2. Furthermore, BALB/cJ mice with deletion of the Ccl2 or chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 gene exhibited markedly reduced allodynia and accumulation of mast cells after UPK3A 65-84 immunization. These results show that UPK3A 65-84 immunization causes chronic visceral allodynia and suggest that it is mediated by CCL2-driven mast cell accumulation in the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Bicer
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cengiz Z Altuntas
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenan Izgi
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ahmet Ozer
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; and
| | - Michael Kavran
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vincent K Tuohy
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Firouz Daneshgari
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio;
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Tabarean IV. Functional pharmacology of H1 histamine receptors expressed in mouse preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:415-25. [PMID: 23808378 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Histamine H1 receptors are highly expressed in hypothalamic neurons and mediate histaminergic modulation of several brain-controlled physiological functions, such as sleep, feeding and thermoregulation. In spite of the fact that the mouse is used as an experimental model for studying histaminergic signalling, the pharmacological characteristics of mouse H1 receptors have not been studied. In particular, selective and potent H1 receptor agonists have not been identified. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Ca(2+) imaging using fura-2 fluorescence signals and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were carried out in mouse preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons in culture. KEY RESULTS The H1 receptor antagonists mepyramine and trans-triprolidine potently antagonized the activation by histamine of these receptors with IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.2 μM respectively. All H1 receptor agonists studied had relatively low potency at the H1 receptors expressed by these neurons. Methylhistaprodifen and 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)histamine had full-agonist activity with potencies similar to that of histamine. In contrast, 2-pyridylethylamine and betahistine showed only partial agonist activity and lower potency than histamine. The histamine receptor agonist, 6-[2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamino]-N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)heptanecarboxamide (HTMT) had no agonist activity at the H1 receptors H1 receptors expressed by mouse preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons but displayed antagonist activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Methylhistaprodifen and 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)histamine were identified as full agonists of mouse H1 receptors. These results also indicated that histamine H1 receptors in mice exhibited a pharmacological profile in terms of agonism, significantly different from those of H1 receptors expressed in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Tabarean
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Mori H, Matsuda KI, Yamawaki M, Kawata M. Estrogenic regulation of histamine receptor subtype H1 expression in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in female rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96232. [PMID: 24805361 PMCID: PMC4013143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Female sexual behavior is controlled by central estrogenic action in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN). This region plays a pivotal role in facilitating sex-related behavior in response to estrogen stimulation via neural activation by several neurotransmitters, including histamine, which participates in this mechanism through its strong neural potentiating action. However, the mechanism through which estrogen signaling is linked to the histamine system in the VMN is unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between estrogen and histamine receptor subtype H1 (H1R), which is a potent subtype among histamine receptors in the brain. We show localization of H1R exclusively in the ventrolateral subregion of the female VMN (vl VMN), and not in the dorsomedial subregion. In the vl VMN, abundantly expressed H1R were mostly colocalized with estrogen receptor α. Intriguingly, H1R mRNA levels in the vl VMN were significantly elevated in ovariectomized female rats treated with estrogen benzoate. These data suggest that estrogen can amplify histamine signaling by enhancing H1R expression in the vl VMN. This enhancement of histamine signaling might be functionally important for allowing neural excitation in response to estrogen stimulation of the neural circuit and may serve as an accelerator of female sexual arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Mori
- Department of Medical Education, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuda
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanaga Yamawaki
- Department of Medical Education, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawata
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Segi-Nishida E, Sukeno M, Imoto Y, Kira T, Sakaida M, Tsuchiya S, Sugimoto Y, Okuno Y. Electroconvulsive seizures activate anorexigenic signals in the ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus. Neuropharmacology 2013; 71:164-73. [PMID: 23603200 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) plays an important role in feeding and energy homeostasis. Electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) therapy is highly effective in the treatment of several psychiatric diseases, including depression, but may also have beneficial effects in other neurological diseases. Although it has been reported that the neurons of the VMH are strongly activated by ECS stimulation, the specific effects of ECS in this hypothalamic subnucleus remain unknown. To address this issue, we investigated the changes in gene expression in microdissected-VMH samples in response to ECS in mice, and examined the behavioral effects of ECS on feeding behavior. ECS significantly induced the expression of immediate-early genes such as Fos, Fosb, and Jun, as well as Bdnf, Adcyap1, Hrh1, and Crhr2 in the VMH. Given that signals of these gene products are suggested to have anorexigenic roles in the VMH, we also examined the effect of ECS on food intake and body weight. Repeated ECS had a suppressive effect on food intake and body weight gain under both regular and high-fat diet conditions. Furthermore, gold-thioglucose-induced hypothalamic lesions, including the VMH and the arcuate nucleus, abolished the anorexigenic effects of ECS, indicating the requirement for the activation of the hypothalamus. Our data show an effect of ECS on increased expression of anorexigenic factors in the VMH, and suggest a role in the regulation of energy homeostasis by ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Segi-Nishida
- Department of Systems Biosciences for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Clapp RH, Luckman SM. Proxyfan acts as a neutral antagonist of histamine H3 receptors in the feeding-related hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 167:1099-110. [PMID: 22646302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Centrally acting histamine H(3) receptor ligands are proposed as potential treatments for obesity, although the value of inverse agonists at these receptors is still debated. Functional inhibition of H(3) autoreceptors activates neurones in a hypothalamic 'satiety' centre. The H(3) receptor antagonist, proxyfan was used as a tool to assess the action of histaminergic compounds in this model. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We compared the actions of histamine on feeding with those of an H(3) receptor agonist (imetit) and inverse agonist (thioperamide) in rats and mice. Sites of action were identified by immunohistochemistry and the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) was investigated using electrophysiological techniques. KEY RESULTS Central histamine or thioperamide decreased fast-induced feeding, whereas imetit increased feeding. Systemic thioperamide entered the brain to activate hypothalamic feeding centres and to reduce feeding without causing any adverse behaviours. Thioperamide activated neurones in the VMN through an action on histamine autoreceptors, whilst imetit had the opposite effect. Proxyfan administered alone did not affect either feeding or electrical activity. However, it blocked the actions of both thioperamide and imetit, acting as a neutral antagonist in this system. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The H(3) receptor inverse agonist, thioperamide, potently reduced appetite without adverse behavioural effects. This action was blocked by proxyfan, acting as a neutral antagonist in this model and, therefore, this compound is useful in determining the selectivity of H(3) receptor-directed drugs. A major action of thioperamide is through presynaptic autoreceptors, inducing stimulation by endogenous histamine of postsynaptic H(1 ) receptors on anorectic hypothalamic neurones.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Clapp
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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16
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Han KS, Mannaioni G, Hamill CE, Lee J, Junge CE, Lee CJ, Traynelis SF. Activation of protease activated receptor 1 increases the excitability of the dentate granule neurons of hippocampus. Mol Brain 2011; 4:32. [PMID: 21827709 PMCID: PMC3170262 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-4-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is expressed in multiple cell types in the CNS, with the most prominent expression in glial cells. PAR1 activation enhances excitatory synaptic transmission secondary to the release of glutamate from astrocytes following activation of astrocytically-expressed PAR1. In addition, PAR1 activation exacerbates neuronal damage in multiple in vivo models of brain injury in a manner that is dependent on NMDA receptors. In the hippocampal formation, PAR1 mRNA appears to be expressed by a subset of neurons, including granule cells in the dentate gyrus. In this study we investigate the role of PAR activation in controlling neuronal excitability of dentate granule cells. We confirm that PAR1 protein is expressed in neurons of the dentate cell body layer as well as in astrocytes throughout the dentate. Activation of PAR1 receptors by the selective peptide agonist TFLLR increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in a subset of acutely dissociated dentate neurons as well as non-neuronal cells. Bath application of TFLLR in acute hippocampal slices depolarized the dentate gyrus, including the hilar region in wild type but not in the PAR1-/- mice. PAR1 activation increased the frequency of action potential generation in a subset of dentate granule neurons; cells in which PAR1 activation triggered action potentials showed a significant depolarization. The activation of PAR1 by thrombin increased the amplitude of NMDA receptor-mediated component of EPSPs. These data suggest that activation of PAR1 during normal function or pathological conditions, such as during ischemia or hemorrhage, can increase the excitability of dentate granule cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Seok Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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17
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Schober J, Weil Z, Pfaff D. How generalized CNS arousal strengthens sexual arousal (and vice versa). Horm Behav 2011; 59:689-95. [PMID: 20950622 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heightened states of generalized CNS arousal are proposed here to facilitate sexual arousal in both males and females. Genetic, pharmacologic and biophysical mechanisms by which this happens are reviewed. Moreover, stimulation of the genital epithelia, as triggers of sex behavior, is hypothesized to lead to a greater generalized arousal in a manner that intensifies sexual motivation. Finally, launched from histochemical studies intended to characterize cells in the genital epithelium, a surprising idea is proposed that links density of innervation with the efficiency of wound healing and with the capacity of that epithelium to stimulate generalized CNS arousal. Thus, bidirectional arousal-related mechanisms that foster sexual behaviors are envisioned as follows: from specific to generalized (as with genital stimulation) and from generalized to specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Schober
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, NY, USA
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Liu YW, Li J, Ye JH. Histamine regulates activities of neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus. J Physiol 2010; 588:4103-16. [PMID: 20724362 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.193904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurons responsible for the onset of sleep are thought to be located in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), which receives a dense histaminergic innervation from the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN). Yet, the role of histamine in the VLPO remains unclear. Here we report that microinjection of histamine into the VLPO increases the motor activity of rats. Moreover, a bath application of histamine to acute brain slices inhibits the majority of VLPO neurons, which are also inhibited by noradrenaline. Histamine hyperpolarizes the membrane potential and lowers the firing rate. These effects are associated with an increase in the frequency but not in the amplitude of spontaneous GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents, and are blocked by gabazine or tetrodotoxin, indicating an indirect action. Conversely, on the noradrenaline-excited VLPO neurons, histamine depolarizes the membrane potential and increases the firing rate via activation of H(1) and H(2) subtype histamine receptors. Moreover, histamine-induced depolarization persists in the presence of gabazine or tetrodotoxin, indicating a direct action. Based on these findings, we propose that in the VLPO, noradrenaline-inhibited neurons may normally be under the inhibitory control of noradrenaline-excited neurons. By facilitating the inhibitory control of the noradrenaline-excited neurons, histamine may inhibit the noradrenaline-inhibited neurons, resulting in excitation of histamine-releasing neurons in the TMN through disinhibition. This effect of histamine in the VLPO may contribute to the maintenance of wakefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103-2714, USA
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Spiteri T, Musatov S, Ogawa S, Ribeiro A, Pfaff DW, Agmo A. The role of the estrogen receptor alpha in the medial amygdala and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in social recognition, anxiety and aggression. Behav Brain Res 2010; 210:211-20. [PMID: 20184922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Social recognition manifests itself in decreased investigation of a previously encountered individual. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) knock out mice show deficient social recognition and anxiety. These data show that the ERalpha is involved in these effects, but they do not say anything about the brain sites important for these effects. In this study, an shRNA encoded within an AAV viral vector directed against the ERalpha receptor gene (or containing luciferase control), was injected bilaterally into the posterodorsal amygdala (MePDA) or the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) of female rats. An 81% reduction of ERalpha expression in the MePDA eliminated social recognition. Moreover, this diminution of ERalpha in the MePDA reduced anxiety in the light/dark choice test. In contrast, social recognition was unaffected after ERalpha knockdown in the VMN while aggressiveness against the juvenile was enhanced. In conclusion, social recognition and anxiety in female rats are modulated by the ERalpha in the amygdala. Moreover, aggression against juveniles but not against adults could, at least partly, depend on the ERalpha in the VMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Spiteri
- Department of Psychology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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Abstract
Although there is an extensive amount known about specific sensory and motor functions of the vertebrate brain, less is understood about the regulation of global brain states. We have recently proposed that a function termed generalized arousal (Ag) serves as the most elemental driving force in the nervous system, responsible for the initial activation of all behavioral responses. An animal with increased generalized CNS arousal is characterized by greater motor activity, increased responsivity to sensory stimuli, and greater emotional lability. Implicit in this theory was the prediction that increases in generalized arousal would augment specific motivated behaviors that depend on arousal. Here, we address the idea directly by testing two lines of mice bred for high or low levels of generalized arousal and assessing their responses in tests of specific forms of behavioral arousal, sex and anxiety/exploration. We report that animals selected for differential generalized arousal exhibit marked increases in sensory, motor, and emotional reactivity in our arousal assay. Furthermore, male mice selected for high levels of generalized arousal were excitable and showed more incomplete mounts before the first intromission (IN), but having achieved that IN, they exhibited far fewer IN before ejaculating, as well as ejaculating much sooner after the first IN, thus indicating a high level of sexual arousal. Additionally, high-arousal animals of both sexes exhibited greater levels of anxiety-like behaviors and reduced exploratory behavior in the elevated plus maze and light-dark box tasks. Taken together, these data illustrate the impact of Ag on motivated behaviors.
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Ribeiro AC, LeSauter J, Dupré C, Pfaff DW. Relationship of arousal to circadian anticipatory behavior: ventromedial hypothalamus: one node in a hunger-arousal network. Eur J Neurosci 2009; 30:1730-8. [PMID: 19863654 PMCID: PMC3257877 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which animals adapt to an ever-changing environment have long fascinated scientists. Different forces, conveying information regarding various aspects of the internal and external environment, interact with each other to modulate behavioral arousal. These forces can act in concert or, at times, in opposite directions. These signals eventually converge and are integrated to influence a common arousal pathway which, depending on all the information received from the environment, supports the activation of the most appropriate behavioral response. In this review we propose that the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) is part of the circuitry that controls food anticipation. It is the first nucleus activated when there is a change in the time of food availability, silencing of VMN ghrelin receptors decreases food-anticipatory activity (FAA) and, although lesions of the VMN do not abolish FAA, parts of the response are often altered. In proposing this model it is not our intention to exclude parallel, redundant and possibly interacting pathways that may ultimately communicate with, or work in concert with, the proposed network, but rather to describe the neuroanatomical requirements for this circuit and to illustrate how the VMN is strategically placed and connected to mediate this complex behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Yoshizawa M, Tashiro M, Fukudo S, Yanai K, Utsumi A, Kano M, Karahasi M, Endo Y, Morisita J, Sato Y, Adachi M, Itoh M, Hongo M. Increased brain histamine H1 receptor binding in patients with anorexia nervosa. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 65:329-35. [PMID: 18814859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The central histaminergic neuron system modulates various brain functions, including eating behavior. We hypothesized that women have higher density of histamine H1 receptor (H1R) in the limbic system than men and that the density of central H1R is increased in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). METHODS Subjects were 12 female AN patients, 12 healthy female subjects, and 11 healthy male subjects. Positron emission tomography with H1R radioligand [(11)C]doxepin was performed on all subjects and regions of interest based analysis was conducted to evaluate brain H1R binding potential (BP). Abnormal eating behavior, depression, and anxiety of subjects were evaluated using the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), respectively. RESULTS Binding potential of [(11)C]doxepin in female subjects was significantly higher than that in male subjects at the following brain sites: amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and temporal cortex. Anorexia nervosa patients showed significantly higher BP of [(11)C]doxepin in the amygdala and lentiform nucleus than the control female subjects. In AN patients, BP of [(11)C]doxepin in the amygdala and thalamus negatively correlated with EAT-26 scores. There was a significant negative correlation between BP of [(11)C]doxepin and SDS or STAI scores in the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex of AN patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis that women have higher H1R density in the limbic system than men and suggest that AN patients may have higher expression of H1R in the limbic brain, particularly in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Japan
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Estradiol modulation of phenylephrine-induced excitatory responses in ventromedial hypothalamic neurons of female rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:7333-8. [PMID: 18480251 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0802760105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens act within the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) to facilitate lordosis behavior. Estradiol treatment in vivo induces alpha(1b)-adrenoreceptor mRNA and increases the density of alpha(1B)-adrenoreceptor binding in the hypothalamus. Activation of hypothalamic alpha(1)-adrenoceptors also facilitates estrogen-dependent lordosis. To investigate the cellular mechanisms of adrenergic effects on VMN neurons, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were carried out on hypothalamic slices from control and estradiol-treated female rats. In control slices, bath application of the alpha(1)-agonist phenylephrine (PHE; 10 microM) depolarized 10 of 25 neurons (40%), hyperpolarized three neurons (12%), and had no effect on 12 neurons (48%). The depolarization was associated with decreased membrane conductance, and this current had a reversal potential close to the K(+) equilibrium potential. The alpha(1b)-receptor antagonist chloroethylclonidine (10 microM) blocked the depolarization produced by PHE in all cells. From estradiol-treated rats, significantly more neurons in slices depolarized (71%) and fewer neurons showed no response (17%) to PHE. PHE-induced depolarizations were significantly attenuated with 4-aminopyridine (5 mM) but unaffected by tetraethylammonium chloride (20 mM) or blockers of Na(+) and Ca(2+) channels. These data indicate that alpha(1)-adrenoceptors depolarize VMN neurons by reducing membrane conductance for K(+). Estradiol amplifies alpha(1b)-adrenergic signaling by increasing the proportion of VMN neurons that respond to stimulation of alpha(1b)-adrenergic receptors, which is expected in turn to promote lordosis.
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Pfaff D, Ribeiro A, Matthews J, Kow LM. Concepts and Mechanisms of Generalized Central Nervous System Arousal. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1129:11-25. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1417.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Liu B, Liang H, Liu L, Zhang H. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis mediates histamine-induced KCNQ/M current inhibition. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 295:C81-91. [PMID: 18448631 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00028.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The M-type potassium channel, of which its molecular basis is constituted by KCNQ2-5 homo- or heteromultimers, plays a key role in regulating neuronal excitability and is modulated by many G protein-coupled receptors. In this study, we demonstrate that histamine inhibits KCNQ2/Q3 currents in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells via phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) hydrolysis mediated by stimulation of H(1) receptor and phospholipase C (PLC). Histamine inhibited KCNQ2/Q3 currents in HEK293 cells coexpressing H(1) receptor, and this effect was totally abolished by H(1) receptor antagonist mepyramine but not altered by H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine. The inhibition of KCNQ currents was significantly attenuated by a PLC inhibitor U-73122 but not affected by depletion of internal Ca(2+) stores or intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) buffering via pipette dialyzing BAPTA. Moreover, histamine also concentration dependently inhibited M current in rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons by a similar mechanism. The inhibitory effect of histamine on KCNQ2/Q3 currents was entirely reversible but became irreversible when the resynthesis of PIP(2) was impaired with phosphatidylinsitol-4-kinase inhibitors. Histamine was capable of producing a reversible translocation of the PIP(2) fluorescence probe PLC(delta1)-PH-GFP from membrane to cytosol in HEK293 cells by activation of H(1) receptor and PLC. We concluded that the inhibition of KCNQ/M currents by histamine in HEK293 cells and SCG neurons is due to the consumption of membrane PIP(2) by PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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