1
|
Graczyk F, Gębalski J, Piskorska E, Małkowska M, Słomka A, Gawenda-Kempczyńska D, Kondrzycka-Dąda A, Olszewska-Słonina D, Styczyński J, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Verpoorte R, Załuski D. The Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits' intractum affects changes in the transepithelial electric potential in the distal section of the rabbit's large intestine and inhibits hyaluronidase. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117847. [PMID: 38307357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. has been used in traditional Russian medicine due to its recognized immunostimulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds present in the fruits have demonstrated the capability to modulate the activity of enzymes such as hyaluronidase, suggesting their potential value in the development of effective therapies for various conditions where anti-inflammatory properties are beneficial, such as gastrointestinal diseases and tumor growth. AIM OF THE STUDY In order to support the use of the fruits in folk medicine, this study is aimed to evaluate, post-mortem, the impact of E. senticosus fruits intractum (40 % extract made from fresh fruits) on the transepithelial electrogenic transport of sodium ions in the colon. The objective of this study was also to examine the impact of the intractum on proinflammatory serum hyaluronidase in children diagnosed with acute leukemia. METHODS The study employed the Ussing technique to examine electrophysiological characteristics of isolated epithelial tissue, using the distal colon wall isolated from 10 New Zealand white male rabbits. The effect of the intractum on the inhibition of human serum hyaluronidase was examined with turbidimetric screening methods, using the blood samples collected from patients diagnosed with acute leukemia. RESULTS For the first time, we discovered that the intractum used in the stimulation fluid, caused hyperpolarization reactions in colon tissue. Statistical analysis showed that these reactions were significantly different in relation to the control. The intractum significantly inhibited hyaluronidase activity with the mean value by group of 60 %, and 40 % for aescin used as a control. CONCLUSION The results support the traditional use of the fruits in inflammatory-related diseases. The use of intractum of E. senticosus on the distal colon wall demonstrates its protective effect on the wall integrity and in a relation to hyaluronidase inhibition may additionally indicate its anti-inflammatory property. Thus, the results mean that the intractum may be used in colon-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Graczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jakub Gębalski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Piskorska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Milena Małkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dorota Gawenda-Kempczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Olszewska-Słonina
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Styczyński
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80132, Naples, Italy
| | - Rob Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Załuski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stepanova M, Aherne CM. Adenosine in Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function. Cells 2024; 13:381. [PMID: 38474346 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
At the intestinal front, several lines of defense are in place to resist infection and injury, the mucus layer, gut microbiome and strong epithelial junctions, to name a few. Their collaboration creates a resilient barrier. In intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), barrier function is compromised, which results in rampant inflammation and tissue injury. In response to the destruction, the intestinal epithelium releases adenosine, a small but powerful nucleoside that functions as an alarm signal. Amidst the chaos of inflammation, adenosine aims to restore order. Within the scope of its effects is the ability to regulate intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. This review aims to define the contributions of adenosine to mucus production, microbiome-dependent barrier protection, tight junction dynamics, chloride secretion and acid-base balance to reinforce its importance in the intestinal epithelial barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Stepanova
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carol M Aherne
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lv H, Niu J, Pan W, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang M, Shi Y, Zhang G, Al Hamyari B, Wang S, Li X, Shi Y. Stool-softening effect and action mechanism of free anthraquinones extracted from Rheum palmatum L. on water deficit-induced constipation in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117336. [PMID: 37907143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese herbal medicine, rhubarb is said to remove accumulation with purgation, clearing heat, and discharging fire. Modern pharmacology has shown that rhubarb extract has a purgative effect when given to experimental animals in an appropriate dose. However, the active components and their mechanism of action are still not clearly defined. AIM OF THE STUDY The current research aimed to evaluate the synergistic stool-softening effects and explore the action mechanism of rhubarb free anthraquinones (RhA) and their monomers on constipation in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of water deficit-induced constipation was established to induce constipation, and these rats were treated with RhA and its monomers. ELISA, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, qPCR and Western blotting based on network pharmacology and molecular docking were conducted to explore the possible mechanism of action of RhA and its monomers. RESULTS RhA, aloe-emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol showed stool-softening activity, and the combination of aloe-emodin and rhein had the strongest softening effect on faecal pellets. Aloe-emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol significantly increased the serum levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), motilin (MTL), and substance P (SP), upregulated the expression of VIP, cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), protein kinase A (PKA), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), aquaporin 3 (AQP3), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and aquaporin 8 (AQP8), decreased the expression of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3), and reduced the colonic tissue concentration of Na+-K+-ATPase in the constipated rats. Osmolality of colonic fluid in model rats treated by RhA, aloe-emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol was increased. CONCLUSION Aloe-emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol were the stool-softening components of the RhA extract, and there were certain drug-interactions between the components. RhA upregulated VIP expression, activated the cyclic adenosine monophosphate protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) pathway, and further stimulated CFTR expression while inhibiting NHE3 and ENaC expression, resulting in a hypertonic state in the colonic lumen. Water transport could then be driven by an osmotic gradient, which in turn led to the upregulation of AQP3, AQP4, and AQP8 expression. In addition, RhA likely improved gastrointestinal motility by increasing serum VIP, SP, and MTL concentrations, thus promoting faecal excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Lv
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Jingjing Niu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Wenhao Pan
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Yudong Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Lifang Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Yali Shi
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Guifang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Bandar Al Hamyari
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China.
| | - Shaohua Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xuefeng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yanbin Shi
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lucena-Padros H, Bravo-Gil N, Tous C, Rojano E, Seoane-Zonjic P, Fernández RM, Ranea JAG, Antiñolo G, Borrego S. Bioinformatics Prediction for Network-Based Integrative Multi-Omics Expression Data Analysis in Hirschsprung Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:164. [PMID: 38397401 PMCID: PMC10886964 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a rare developmental disorder in which enteric ganglia are missing along a portion of the intestine. HSCR has a complex inheritance, with RET as the major disease-causing gene. However, the pathogenesis of HSCR is still not completely understood. Therefore, we applied a computational approach based on multi-omics network characterization and clustering analysis for HSCR-related gene/miRNA identification and biomarker discovery. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and miRNA-target interaction (MTI) networks were analyzed by DPClusO and BiClusO, respectively, and finally, the biomarker potential of miRNAs was computationally screened by miRNA-BD. In this study, a total of 55 significant gene-disease modules were identified, allowing us to propose 178 new HSCR candidate genes and two biological pathways. Moreover, we identified 12 key miRNAs with biomarker potential among 137 predicted HSCR-associated miRNAs. Functional analysis of new candidates showed that enrichment terms related to gene ontology (GO) and pathways were associated with HSCR. In conclusion, this approach has allowed us to decipher new clues of the etiopathogenesis of HSCR, although molecular experiments are further needed for clinical validations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Lucena-Padros
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Nereida Bravo-Gil
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina Tous
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Rojano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, IBIMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Seoane-Zonjic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, IBIMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Raquel María Fernández
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan A. G. Ranea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, IBIMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB/ELIXIR-ES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bacalhau M, Camargo M, Lopes-Pacheco M. Laboratory Tools to Predict CFTR Modulator Therapy Effectiveness and to Monitor Disease Severity in Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:93. [PMID: 38248793 PMCID: PMC10820563 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The implementation of cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs into clinical practice has been attaining remarkable therapeutic outcomes for CF, a life-threatening autosomal recessive genetic disease. However, there is elevated CFTR allelic heterogeneity, and various individuals carrying (ultra)rare CF genotypes remain without any approved modulator therapy. Novel translational model systems based on individuals' own cells/tissue are now available and can be used to interrogate in vitro CFTR modulator responses and establish correlations of these assessments with clinical features, aiming to provide prediction of therapeutic effectiveness. Furthermore, because CF is a progressive disease, assessment of biomarkers in routine care is fundamental in monitoring treatment effectiveness and disease severity. In the first part of this review, we aimed to focus on the utility of individual-derived in vitro models (such as bronchial/nasal epithelial cells and airway/intestinal organoids) to identify potential responders and expand personalized CF care. Thereafter, we discussed the usage of CF inflammatory biomarkers derived from blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and sputum to routinely monitor treatment effectiveness and disease progression. Finally, we summarized the progress in investigating extracellular vesicles as a robust and reliable source of biomarkers and the identification of microRNAs related to CFTR regulation and CF inflammation as novel biomarkers, which may provide valuable information for disease prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Bacalhau
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Mariana Camargo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sao Paulo Federal University, Sao Paulo 04039-060, SP, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Humiari MA, Yu L, Liu LP, Nouri MZ, Tuna KM, Denslow ND, Alli AA. Extracellular vesicles from BALF of pediatric cystic fibrosis and asthma patients increase epithelial sodium channel activity in small airway epithelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184219. [PMID: 37634857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles derived from all cell types. EV cargo allows for intercellular communication, intracellular signaling, and regulation of proteins in recipient cells. We tested the hypothesis that EVs isolated from the bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid (BALF) of pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) or pediatric asthma patients increase epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity in normal human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and the mechanism involves specific EV lipids. We characterized EVs from BALF of pediatric CF and pediatric asthma patients by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blotting. The CF and asthma pediatric groups were similar in BALF electrolytes concentration and cell count, except for neutrophils, which were higher in the CF group. Lipidomic analyses for each group of EVs were performed using targeted mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelins, and triacylglycerol were enriched in both groups, but phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol concentrations were greater in the CF group compared to the asthma group, and the opposite trend was found for phosphatidylserine. Endogenous ENaC activity, measured by the single-channel patch-clamp technique, increased in normal human SAECs after challenging SAEC with EVs from either the CF or asthma groups compared to control EVs. In conclusion, EVs isolated from BALF of pediatric patients with CF or asthma have unique lipid profiles. Despite the differences, both types of EVs increase ENaC activity in normal human SAECs compared to control EVs isolated from the conditioned media of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Al-Humiari
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Lauren P Liu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Mohammad-Zaman Nouri
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Kubra M Tuna
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Abdel A Alli
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arora K, Gaudioso G, Solovyev P, Tuohy K, Di Cagno R, Gobbetti M, Fava F. In vitro faecal fermentation of Tritordeum breads and its effect on the human gut health. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2023; 6:100214. [PMID: 38116184 PMCID: PMC10727946 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous fermentation of Tritordeum flour enhances the nutritional potential of this hybrid cereal. However, the effect of consumption of Tritordeum sourdough bread (SDB) on gut health remains to be elucidated. This study investigated the effect of in vitro digestion and faecal fermentation of SDB compared to that of traditional baker's yeast (BYB) Tritordeum bread. After 24-h anaerobic faecal fermentation, both SDB and BYB (1% w/v) induced an increase in the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, Mitsuokella, and Phascolarctobacterium genera compared to baseline, while concentrations of acetate and butyrate were significantly higher at 24 h for SDB compared to those for BYB. Integrity of intestinal epithelium, as assessed through in vitro trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay, was slightly increased after incubation with SDB fermentation supernatants, but not after incubation with BYB fermentation supernatants. The SDB stimulated in vitro mucosal immune response by inducing early secretion of inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α, followed by downregulation of the inflammatory trigger through induction of anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression. Overall, our findings suggest that Tritordeum sourdough can modulate gut microbiota fermentation activity and positively impact the gut health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashika Arora
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Libera Università di Bolzano, Piazza Università, 5, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Giulia Gaudioso
- Nutrition and Nutrigenomics Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige Via E. Mach, 1 38098 S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pavel Solovyev
- Traceability Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige Via E. Mach, 1 38098 S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Nutrition and Nutrigenomics Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige Via E. Mach, 1 38098 S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Libera Università di Bolzano, Piazza Università, 5, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Libera Università di Bolzano, Piazza Università, 5, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Francesca Fava
- Nutrition and Nutrigenomics Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach di San Michele all'Adige Via E. Mach, 1 38098 S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li X, Li J, Cao Z, Kang N. The incidence of chronic diarrhea decreases with increasing serum calcium levels: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2005-2010. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:394. [PMID: 37968590 PMCID: PMC10647030 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic diarrhea is difficult to prevent and treat due to its complex etiology and pathogenesis. It places a huge burden on patients and public healthcare. It is known that the regulation of body homeostasis relies heavily on calcium. However, in the general population, the relationship between calcium and chronic diarrhea remains uncertain. METHODS We assessed the association between serum calcium and diarrhea using data from the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Serum calcium level was measured from collected blood samples. Diarrhea was assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale (BSFS) (types 1-7). The stability of the results was assessed using logistic regression and sensitivity analysis. The dose-response association between serum calcium and the risk of diarrhea was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline plot. RESULTS This study included 12,342 participants. In each of the five models, an increased calcium level was negatively associated with the incidence of diarrhea (OR[95%CI]:0.26 [0.13-0.53], 0.28 [0.14-0.58], 0.4 [0.19-0.82], 0.27 [0.11-0.64] and 0.24 [0.10-0.59], respectively). When serum calcium was analyzed as a categorical variable, a significant association between serum calcium and diarrhea prevalence was found. The restricted cubic spline plot showed a linear relationship between serum calcium and diarrhea. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the results were stable. CONCLUSION The results of our cross-sectional study suggest that a higher level of serum calcium may reduce the incidence of diarrhea. In the future, this finding should be further validated in a randomized controlled trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 University Road, University Science Park, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250355, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, No. 89, Guhuai Road, Rencheng District, Jining, Shandong Province, 272029, China
| | - Zhiqun Cao
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 University Road, University Science Park, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250355, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 42 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250011, China
| | - Nan Kang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, No. 89, Guhuai Road, Rencheng District, Jining, Shandong Province, 272029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gomez D, Toribio R, Caddey B, Costa M, Vijan S, Dembek K. Longitudinal effects of oral administration of antimicrobial drugs on fecal microbiota of horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2562-2572. [PMID: 37681574 PMCID: PMC10658497 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial drug-associated diarrhea (AAD) is the most common adverse effect in horses receiving antimicrobials. Little information on how oral administration of antimicrobials alters intestinal microbiota in horses is available. OBJECTIVE Investigate changes of the fecal microbiota in response to oral administration of antimicrobials. ANIMALS Twenty healthy horses. METHODS Prospective, longitudinal study. Horses were randomly assigned to 4 groups comprising 4 horses each: group 1 (metronidazole); group 2 (erythromycin); group 3 (doxycycline); group 4 (sulfadiazine/trimethoprim, SMZ-TMP); and group 5 (control). Antimicrobials were administered for 5 days. Fecal samples were obtained before (day 0) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 30 days of the study period. Fecal microbiota was characterized by high throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA. RESULTS Horses remained healthy throughout the study. Richness and diversity in doxycycline, erythromycin, and metronidazole, but not SMZ-TMP groups, was significantly lower (P < .05) at multiple time points after administration of antimicrobials compared with samples from day 0. Main changes in the microbiota were observed during the time of antimicrobial administration (day 2-5; weighted and unweighted UniFrac PERMANOVA P < .05). Administration of erythromycin, doxycycline and, to a lesser extent, metronidazole produced a pronounced alteration in the microbiota compared with day 0 samples by decreasing the abundance of Treponema, Fibrobacter, and Lachnospiraceae and increasing Fusobacterium and Escherichia-Shigella. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Oral administration of antimicrobials alters the intestinal microbiota of healthy horses resembling horses with dysbiosis, potentially resulting in intestinal inflammation and predisposition to diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomez
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Ramiro Toribio
- Department of Clinical SciencesThe Ohio State University, College of Veterinary MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Benjamin Caddey
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Marcio Costa
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire – Département de Biomédecine VétérinaireUniversity of MontrealSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
| | - Stephanie Vijan
- Department of Clinical SciencesThe Ohio State University, College of Veterinary MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Katarzyna Dembek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hibberd TJ, Ramsay S, Spencer-Merris P, Dinning PG, Zagorodnyuk VP, Spencer NJ. Circadian rhythms in colonic function. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1239278. [PMID: 37711458 PMCID: PMC10498548 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1239278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A rhythmic expression of clock genes occurs within the cells of multiple organs and tissues throughout the body, termed "peripheral clocks." Peripheral clocks are subject to entrainment by a multitude of factors, many of which are directly or indirectly controlled by the light-entrainable clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Peripheral clocks occur in the gastrointestinal tract, notably the epithelia whose functions include regulation of absorption, permeability, and secretion of hormones; and in the myenteric plexus, which is the intrinsic neural network principally responsible for the coordination of muscular activity in the gut. This review focuses on the physiological circadian variation of major colonic functions and their entraining mechanisms, including colonic motility, absorption, hormone secretion, permeability, and pain signalling. Pathophysiological states such as irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis and their interactions with circadian rhythmicity are also described. Finally, the classic circadian hormone melatonin is discussed, which is expressed in the gut in greater quantities than the pineal gland, and whose exogenous use has been of therapeutic interest in treating colonic pathophysiological states, including those exacerbated by chronic circadian disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Hibberd
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stewart Ramsay
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Phil G. Dinning
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Colorectal Surgical Unit, Division of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Nick J. Spencer
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wan H, Li J, Chen X, Sellers ZM, Dong H. Divergent roles of estrogen receptor subtypes in regulating estrogen-modulated colonic ion transports and epithelial repair. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105068. [PMID: 37468102 PMCID: PMC10448179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it was described previously for estrogen (E2) regulation of intestinal epithelial Cl- and HCO3- secretion in sex difference, almost nothing is known about the roles of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes in regulating E2-modulated epithelial ion transports and epithelial restitution. Here, we aimed to investigate ERα and ERβ subtypes in the regulation of E2-modulated colonic epithelial HCO3- and Cl- secretion and epithelial restitution. Through physiological and biochemical studies, in combination of genetic knockdown, we showed that ERα attenuated female colonic Cl- secretion but promoted Ca2+-dependent HCO3- secretion via store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mechanism in mice. However, ERβ attenuated HCO3- secretion by inhibiting Ca2+via the SOCE and inhibiting cAMP via protein kinases. Moreover, ERα but not ERβ promoted epithelial cell restitution via SOCE/Ca2+ signaling. ERα also enhanced cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and β-catenin expression in normal human colonic epithelial cells. All ERα-mediated biological effects could be attenuated by its selective antagonist and genetic knockdown. Finally, both ERα and ERβ were expressed in human colonic epithelial cells and mouse colonic tissues. We therefore conclude that E2 modulates complex colonic epithelial HCO3- and Cl- secretion via ER subtype-dependent mechanisms and that ERα is specifically responsible for colonic epithelial regeneration. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of how ERα and ERβ subtypes orchestrate functional homeostasis of normal colonic epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxing Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiongying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Zachary M Sellers
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology & Nutrition, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu J, Luo Y, Kong X, Yu B, Zheng P, Huang Z, Mao X, Yu J, Luo J, Yan H, He J. Influences of wheat bran fiber on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal epithelium functions in Xiangcun pigs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17699. [PMID: 37449141 PMCID: PMC10336591 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) has long been looked as an essential "nutrients" both for animals and humans as it can promote the intestinal tract development and modulate the intestinal epithelium functions and the gut microbiota. This study was conducted to investigate the influences of wheat bran fiber (WBF) on growth performance and intestinal epithelium functions in Xiangcun pigs. Twenty Xiangcun pigs with 60 days of age were divided to two groups and exposed to a basal diet (BD) or BD containing 4.3% wheat bran fiber (WFD). WFD improved the average daily gain (ADG) and feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) (p < 0.01). Moreover, WFD lowered the serum triglyceride (TC), d-lactate, and malonicdialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, but significantly improved the glutathione (GSH) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p < 0.05). Interestingly, WFD observably improved the villus height (VH) and the villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) in the small intestine (p < 0.05). The jejunal sucrase and ileal maltase activities were higher in the WFD group (p < 0.05). WFD markedly elevated the tight junction protein ZO-1 and claudin-1 expression levels in the jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). The sodium/glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and fatty acid transport proteins 4 (FATP-4) expression levels in jejunum and ileum were also elevated under WFD (p < 0.05). WFD decreased the IL-6 impression level in the duodenum and ileum, but significantly increased the IL-10 expression levels in jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). Moreover, WFD reduced the abundance of E. coli, but elevated the abundances of beneficial microorganisms (e.g. Lactobacillus and Bacillus) and the production microbial metabolites (e.g. propionic acid and butyrate acid) in the cecum (p < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 611130 410125, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Heilmann RM, Csukovich G, Burgener IA, Dengler F. Time to eRAASe chronic inflammation: current advances and future perspectives on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system and chronic intestinal inflammation in dogs and humans. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1180125. [PMID: 37456955 PMCID: PMC10340121 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1180125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic idiopathic intestinal inflammation is an increasing worldwide problem that affects companion animals, especially dogs, and human patients. Although these disease entities have been intensely investigated recently, many questions remain, and alternative therapeutic options are needed. Diarrhea caused by dysregulation of intestinal electrolyte transport and subsequent fluid and electrolyte losses often leads to secondary consequences for the patient. Currently, it is not exactly clear which mechanisms are involved in the dysregulation of intestinal fluid absorption, but differences in intestinal electrolyte shifts between human and canine patients suggest species-specific regulatory or counterregulatory mechanisms. Several intestinal electrolyte transporters are differentially expressed in human patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), whereas there are virtually no studies on electrolyte transporters and their endocrine regulation in canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy. An important mechanism involved in regulating fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS), which may affect intestinal Na+ transport. While RAAS has previously been considered a systemic regulator of blood pressure, additional complex roles of RAAS in inflammatory processes have been unraveled. These alternative RAAS pathways may pose attractive therapeutic targets to address diarrhea and, thus, electrolyte shifts in human IBD and canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy. This article comparatively summarizes the current knowledge about electrolyte transport in human IBD and canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy and the role of RAAS and offers perspectives for novel therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romy M. Heilmann
- Department for Small Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Csukovich
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iwan A. Burgener
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Dengler
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Varga Á, Madácsy T, Görög M, Kiss A, Susánszki P, Szabó V, Jójárt B, Dudás K, Farkas G, Szederkényi E, Lázár G, Farkas A, Ayaydin F, Pallagi P, Maléth J. Human pancreatic ductal organoids with controlled polarity provide a novel ex vivo tool to study epithelial cell physiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:192. [PMID: 37380797 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ion and fluid secretion determine the physiological functions of a broad range of organs, such as the lung, liver, or pancreas. The molecular mechanism of pancreatic ion secretion is challenging to investigate due to the limited access to functional human ductal epithelia. Patient-derived organoids may overcome these limitations, however direct accessibility of the apical membrane is not solved. In addition, due to the vectorial transport of ions and fluid the intraluminal pressure in the organoids is elevated, which may hinder the study of physiological processes. To overcome these, we developed an advanced culturing method for human pancreatic organoids based on the removal of the extracellular matrix that induced an apical-to-basal polarity switch also leading to reversed localization of proteins with polarized expression. The cells in the apical-out organoids had a cuboidal shape, whereas their resting intracellular Ca2+ concentration was more consistent compared to the cells in the apical-in organoids. Using this advanced model, we demonstrated the expression and function of two novel ion channels, the Ca2+ activated Cl- channel Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) and the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which were not considered in ductal cells yet. Finally, we showed that the available functional assays, such as forskolin-induced swelling, or intracellular Cl- measurement have improved dynamic range when performed with apical-out organoids. Taken together our data suggest that polarity-switched human pancreatic ductal organoids are suitable models to expand our toolset in basic and translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Varga
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamara Madácsy
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marietta Görög
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Aletta Kiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Petra Susánszki
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktória Szabó
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Boldizsár Jójárt
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Dudás
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Farkas
- Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - György Lázár
- Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petra Pallagi
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Maléth
- Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
- ELRN-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
- HCEMM-USZ Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Birimberg-Schwartz L, Ip W, Bartlett C, Avolio J, Vonk AM, Gunawardena T, Du K, Esmaeili M, Beekman JM, Rommens J, Strug L, Bear CE, Moraes TJ, Gonska T. Validating organoid-derived human intestinal monolayers for personalized therapy in cystic fibrosis. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201857. [PMID: 37024122 PMCID: PMC10079552 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly effective drugs modulating the defective protein encoded by the CFTR gene have revolutionized cystic fibrosis (CF) therapy. Preclinical drug-testing on human nasal epithelial (HNE) cell cultures and 3-dimensional human intestinal organoids (3D HIO) are used to address patient-specific variation in drug response and to optimize individual treatment for people with CF. This study is the first to report comparable CFTR functional responses to CFTR modulator treatment among patients with different classes of CFTR gene variants using the three methods of 2D HIO, 3D HIO, and HNE. Furthermore, 2D HIO showed good correlation to clinical outcome markers. A larger measurable CFTR functional range and access to the apical membrane were identified as advantages of 2D HIO over HNE and 3D HIO, respectively. Our study thus expands the utility of 2D intestinal monolayers as a preclinical drug testing tool for CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liron Birimberg-Schwartz
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wan Ip
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claire Bartlett
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julie Avolio
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Annelotte M Vonk
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Member of ERN-LUNG, Utrecht, The Netherland
| | - Tarini Gunawardena
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kai Du
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohsen Esmaeili
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Beekman
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Member of ERN-LUNG, Utrecht, The Netherland
| | - Johanna Rommens
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa Strug
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tanja Gonska
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Masloh S, Culot M, Gosselet F, Chevrel A, Scapozza L, Zeisser Labouebe M. Challenges and Opportunities in the Oral Delivery of Recombinant Biologics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051415. [PMID: 37242657 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant biological molecules are at the cutting-edge of biomedical research thanks to the significant progress made in biotechnology and a better understanding of subcellular processes implicated in several diseases. Given their ability to induce a potent response, these molecules are becoming the drugs of choice for multiple pathologies. However, unlike conventional drugs which are mostly ingested, the majority of biologics are currently administered parenterally. Therefore, to improve their limited bioavailability when delivered orally, the scientific community has devoted tremendous efforts to develop accurate cell- and tissue-based models that allow for the determination of their capacity to cross the intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, several promising approaches have been imagined to enhance the intestinal permeability and stability of recombinant biological molecules. This review summarizes the main physiological barriers to the oral delivery of biologics. Several preclinical in vitro and ex vivo models currently used to assess permeability are also presented. Finally, the multiple strategies explored to address the challenges of administering biotherapeutics orally are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solene Masloh
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Culot
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
| | - Anne Chevrel
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Leonardo Scapozza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Magali Zeisser Labouebe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Landais Y, Vallot C. Multi-modal quantification of pathway activity with MAYA. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1668. [PMID: 36966153 PMCID: PMC10039856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways can be activated through various cascades of genes depending on cell identity and biological context. Single-cell atlases now provide the opportunity to inspect such complexity in health and disease. Yet, existing reference tools for pathway scoring resume activity of each pathway to one unique common metric across cell types. Here, we present MAYA, a computational method that enables the automatic detection and scoring of the diverse modes of activation of biological pathways across cell populations. MAYA improves the granularity of pathway analysis by detecting subgroups of genes within reference pathways, each characteristic of a cell population and how it activates a pathway. Using multiple single-cell datasets, we demonstrate the biological relevance of identified modes of activation, the robustness of MAYA to noisy pathway lists and batch effect. MAYA can also predict cell types starting from lists of reference markers in a cluster-free manner. Finally, we show that MAYA reveals common modes of pathway activation in tumor cells across patients, opening the perspective to discover shared therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Vallot
- CNRS UMR3244, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France.
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France.
- Single Cell Initiative, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Y, Wei JA, Luo Z, Cui J, Luo Y, Mak SOK, Wang S, Zhang F, Yang Y, So KF, Shi L, Zhang L, Chow BKC. A gut-brain axis mediates sodium appetite via gastrointestinal peptide regulation on a medulla-hypothalamic circuit. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd5330. [PMID: 36791202 PMCID: PMC9931223 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Salt homeostasis is orchestrated by both neural circuits and peripheral endocrine factors. The colon is one of the primary sites for electrolyte absorption, while its potential role in modulating sodium intake remains unclear. Here, we revealed that a gastrointestinal hormone, secretin, is released from colon endocrine cells under body sodium deficiency and is indispensable for inducing salt appetite. As the neural substrate, circulating secretin activates specific receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tracts, which further activates the downstream paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, resulting in enhanced sodium intake. These results demonstrated a previously unrecognized gut-brain pathway for the timely regulation of sodium homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchu Liu
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ji-an Wei
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhihua Luo
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sarah Oi Kwan Mak
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengwei Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lingling Shi
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Organoid Technology and Its Role for Theratyping Applications in Cystic Fibrosis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010004. [PMID: 36670555 PMCID: PMC9856584 DOI: 10.3390/children10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a autosomal recessive, multisystemic disease caused by different mutations in the CFTR gene encoding CF transmembrane conductance regulator. Although symptom management is important to avoid complications, the approval of CFTR modulator drugs in the clinic has demonstrated significant improvements by targeting the primary molecular defect of CF and thereby preventing problems related to CFTR deficiency or dysfunction. CFTR modulator therapies have positively changed the patients' quality of life, especially for those who start their use at the onset of the disease. Due to early diagnosis with the implementation of newborn screening programs and considerable progress in the treatment options, nowadays pediatric mortality was dramatically reduced. In any case, the main obstacle to treat CF is to predict the drug response of patients due to genetic complexity and heterogeneity. Advances in 3D culture systems have led to the extrapolation of disease modeling and individual drug response in vitro by producing mini organs called "organoids" easily obtained from nasal and rectal mucosa biopsies. In this review, we focus primarily on patient-derived intestinal organoids used as in vitro model for CF disease. Organoids combine high-validity of outcomes with a high throughput, thus enabling CF disease classification, drug development and treatment optimization in a personalized manner.
Collapse
|
20
|
Advances in Preclinical In Vitro Models for the Translation of Precision Medicine for Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081321. [PMID: 36013270 PMCID: PMC9409685 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of preclinical in vitro models has provided significant progress to the studies of cystic fibrosis (CF), a frequently fatal monogenic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Numerous cell lines were generated over the last 30 years and they have been instrumental not only in enhancing the understanding of CF pathological mechanisms but also in developing therapies targeting the underlying defects in CFTR mutations with further validation in patient-derived samples. Furthermore, recent advances toward precision medicine in CF have been made possible by optimizing protocols and establishing novel assays using human bronchial, nasal and rectal tissues, and by progressing from two-dimensional monocultures to more complex three-dimensional culture platforms. These models also enable to potentially predict clinical efficacy and responsiveness to CFTR modulator therapies at an individual level. In parallel, advanced systems, such as induced pluripotent stem cells and organ-on-a-chip, continue to be developed in order to more closely recapitulate human physiology for disease modeling and drug testing. In this review, we have highlighted novel and optimized cell models that are being used in CF research to develop novel CFTR-directed therapies (or alternative therapeutic interventions) and to expand the usage of existing modulator drugs to common and rare CF-causing mutations.
Collapse
|
21
|
Impact of habitual chewing on gut motility via microbiota transition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13819. [PMID: 35970869 PMCID: PMC9378666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut environment, including the microbiota and its metabolites and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), is essential for health maintenance. It is considered that functional recovery treatment for masticatory dysphagia affects the composition of the gut microbiota, indicating that habitual mastication, depending on the hardness of the food, may affect the gut microbiota and environment. However, the impact of chronic powdered diet feeding on the colonic condition and motility remains unclear. Here, we evaluated various colonic features in mice fed with powdered diets for a long-term and a mouse model with masticatory behavior. We observed a decreased abundance of the SCFA-producing bacterial genera in the ceca of the powdered diet-fed mice. Based on the importance of SCFAs in gut immune homeostasis and motility, interestingly, powdered diet feeding also resulted in constipation-like symptoms due to mild colitis, which were ameliorated by the administration of a neutrophil-depleting agent and neutrophil elastase inhibitors. Lastly, the suppressed colonic motility in the powdered diet-fed mice was significantly improved by loading masticatory activity for 2 h. Thus, feeding habits with appropriate masticatory activity and stimulation may play a key role in providing a favorable gut environment based on interactions between the gut microbiota and host immune system.
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu S, Qiu Y, Gu F, Xu X, Wu S, Jin Z, Wang L, Gao K, Zhu C, Yang X, Jiang Z. Niacin Improves Intestinal Health through Up-Regulation of AQPs Expression Induced by GPR109A. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158332. [PMID: 35955466 PMCID: PMC9368703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Changes in the expression of aquaporins (AQPs) in the intestine are proved to be associated with the attenuation of diarrhea. Diarrhea is a severe problem for postweaning piglets. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether niacin could alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets by regulating AQPs expression and the underlying mechanisms; (2) Methods: 72 weaned piglets (Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), 21 d old, 6.60 ± 0.05 kg) were randomly allotted into 3 groups for a 14-day feeding trial. Each treatment group included 6 replicate pens and each pen included 4 barrows (n = 24/treatment). Piglets were fed a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplemented with 20.4 mg niacin/kg diet (NA) or the basal diet administered an antagonist for the GPR109A receptor (MPN). Additionally, an established porcine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) was used to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanism of niacin on AQPs expression after Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC K88) treatment; (3) Results: Piglets fed niacin-supplemented diet had significantly decreased diarrhea rate, and increased mRNA and protein level of ZO-1, AQP 1 and AQP 3 in the colon compared with those administered a fed diet supplemented with an antagonist (p < 0.05). In addition, ETEC K88 treatment significantly reduced the cell viability, cell migration, and mRNA and protein expression of AQP1, AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, AQP11, and GPR109A in IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.05). However, supplementation with niacin significantly prevented the ETEC K88-induced decline in the cell viability, cell migration, and the expression level of AQPs mRNA and protein in IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, siRNA GPR109A knockdown significantly abrogated the protective effect of niacin on ETEC K88-induced cell damage (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: Niacin supplementation increased AQPs and ZO-1 expression to reduce diarrhea and intestinal damage through GPR109A pathway in weaned piglets.
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu D, Wen L, Wang Z, Hai Y, Yang D, Zhang Y, Bai M, Song B, Wang Y. The Mechanism of Lung and Intestinal Injury in Acute Pancreatitis: A Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:904078. [PMID: 35872761 PMCID: PMC9301017 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.904078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), as a common cause of clinical acute abdomen, often leads to multi-organ damage. In the process of severe AP, the lungs and intestines are the most easily affected organs aside the pancreas. These organ damages occur in succession. Notably, lung and intestinal injuries are closely linked. Damage to ML, which transports immune cells, intestinal fluid, chyle, and toxic components (including toxins, trypsin, and activated cytokines to the systemic circulation in AP) may be connected to AP. This process can lead to the pathological changes of hyperosmotic edema of the lung, an increase in alveolar fluid level, destruction of the intestinal mucosal structure, and impairment of intestinal mucosal permeability. The underlying mechanisms of the correlation between lung and intestinal injuries are inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and endocrine hormone secretion disorders. The main signaling pathways of lung and intestinal injuries are TNF-α, HMGB1-mediated inflammation amplification effect of NF-κB signal pathway, Nrf2/ARE oxidative stress response signaling pathway, and IL-6-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These pathways exert anti-inflammatory response and anti-oxidative stress, inhibit cell proliferation, and promote apoptosis. The interaction is consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine theory of the lung being connected with the large intestine (fei yu da chang xiang biao li in Chinese). This review sought to explore intersecting mechanisms of lung and intestinal injuries in AP to develop new treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wen
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- County People’s Hospital, Pingliang, China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Hai
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanying Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Bai
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Song
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Do C, Evans GJ, DeAguero J, Escobar GP, Lin HC, Wagner B. Dysnatremia in Gastrointestinal Disorders. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:892265. [PMID: 35646996 PMCID: PMC9136014 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.892265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary solute of the milieu intérieur is sodium and accompanying anions. The solvent is water. The kidneys acutely regulate homeostasis in filtration, secretion, and resorption of electrolytes, non-electrolytes, and minerals while balancing water retention and clearance. The gastrointestinal absorptive and secretory functions enable food digestion and water absorption needed to sustain life. Gastrointestinal perturbations including vomiting and diarrhea can lead to significant volume and electrolyte losses, overwhelming the renal homeostatic compensatory mechanisms. Dysnatremia, potassium and acid-base disturbances can result from gastrointestinal pathophysiologic processes. Understanding the renal and gastrointestinal contributions to homeostatis are important for the clinical evaluation of perturbed volume disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Do
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,New Mexico Veterans Administration Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States,University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Gretta J. Evans
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Joshua DeAguero
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - G. Patricia Escobar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Henry C. Lin
- New Mexico Veterans Administration Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Brent Wagner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,New Mexico Veterans Administration Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States,University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,*Correspondence: Brent Wagner
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fang J, Zhang Z, Cheng Y, Yang H, Zhang H, Xue Z, Lu S, Dong Y, Song C, Zhang X, Zhou Y. EPA and DHA differentially coordinate the crosstalk between host and gut microbiota and block DSS-induced colitis in mice by a reinforced colonic mucus barrier. Food Funct 2022; 13:4399-4420. [PMID: 35297435 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03815j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon with a continuously remitting and relapsing course. Its etiology is closely related to abnormal interactions between host and gut microbiota. The mucus barrier lining the gastrointestinal tract is necessary to coordinate host and gut microbiota interaction by nourishing and modulating the microbiota. Differential effects of the anti-inflammatory fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on UC progression in mice were firstly addressed by our previous work; here, the mechanism for their respective effects were further uncovered from host-microbiome crosstalk based on mucus barrier modulation to pave the way for UC therapy. Methods: Assessment of the disease activity index and histopathology score was conducted in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis pre-treated with different doses of EPA and DHA. Mucin generation, glycosylation and secretion were evaluated by a combination of electron microscopy, specific mucous staining, and qPCR. Western blotting was used to analyze the underlying molecular events. Fecal short chain fatty acids were detected using gas chromatography, and the gut microbial composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Compared with DHA, the more potent inhibitory effect of high dose EPA on DSS-induced colitis was reconfirmed, which was underlain by a reinforced mucus layer as indicated by increased mucin granule release, mucus layer stratification and markedly upregulated expression of the key modulators involved in goblet cell differentiation. In turn a remarkably enhanced mucus barrier in the EPA group functioned to modulate the gut microbiome, as demonstrated by the enriched abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila producing acetic and propionic acids. Conclusions: EPA and DHA differentially coordinate the interaction between the host and the gut microbiota and relieve mucus barrier disruption in DSS-induced colitis. EPA may develop into a promising adjunctive therapy for UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China.,College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhuangWei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Cheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University Department of Pathology, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315040 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Xue
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Dong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, 247 Renmin Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, 247 Renmin Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Digestive Disease of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Transcriptional Profiling of the Small Intestine and the Colon Reveals Modulation of Gut Infection with Citrobacter rodentium According to the Vitamin A Status. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081563. [PMID: 35458125 PMCID: PMC9026425 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) deficiency and diarrheal diseases are both serious public health issues worldwide. VA deficiency is associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and increased risk of mucosal infection-related mortality. The bioactive form of VA, retinoic acid, is a well-known regulator of mucosal integrity. Using Citrobacter rodentium-infected mice as a model for diarrheal diseases in humans, previous studies showed that VA-deficient (VAD) mice failed to clear C. rodentium as compared to their VA-sufficient (VAS) counterparts. However, the distinct intestinal gene responses that are dependent on the host’s VA status still need to be discovered. The mRNAs extracted from the small intestine (SI) and the colon were sequenced and analyzed on three levels: differential gene expression, enrichment, and co-expression. C. rodentium infection interacted differentially with VA status to alter colon gene expression. Novel functional categories downregulated by this pathogen were identified, highlighted by genes related to the metabolism of VA, vitamin D, and ion transport, including improper upregulation of Cl− secretion and disrupted HCO3− metabolism. Our results suggest that derangement of micronutrient metabolism and ion transport, together with the compromised immune responses in VAD hosts, may be responsible for the higher mortality to C. rodentium under conditions of inadequate VA.
Collapse
|
27
|
Han Y, Yun CC. Metformin Inhibits Na +/H + Exchanger NHE3 Resulting in Intestinal Water Loss. Front Physiol 2022; 13:867244. [PMID: 35444557 PMCID: PMC9014215 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.867244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycemic control is the key to the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin is an effective, widely used drug for controlling plasma glucose levels in diabetes, but it is often the culprit of gastrointestinal adverse effects such as abdominal pain, nausea, indigestion, vomiting, and diarrhea. Diarrhea is a complex disease and altered intestinal transport of electrolytes and fluid is a common cause of diarrhea. Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3, SLC9A3) is the major Na+ absorptive mechanism in the intestine and our previous study has demonstrated that decreased NHE3 contributes to diarrhea associated with type 1 diabetes. The goal of this study is to investigate whether metformin regulates NHE3 and inhibition of NHE3 contributes to metformin-induced diarrhea. We first determined whether metformin alters intestinal water loss, the hallmark of diarrhea, in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. We found that metformin decreased intestinal water absorption mediated by NHE3. Metformin increased fecal water content although mice did not develop watery diarrhea. To determine the mechanism of metformin-mediated regulation of NHE3, we used intestinal epithelial cells. Metformin inhibited NHE3 activity and the effect of metformin on NHE3 was mimicked by a 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator and blocked by pharmacological inhibition of AMPK. Metformin increased phosphorylation and ubiquitination of NHE3, resulting in retrieval of NHE3 from the plasma membrane. Previous studies have demonstrated the role of neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4-2 (Nedd4-2) in regulation of human NHE3. Silencing of Nedd4-2 mitigated NHE3 inhibition and ubiquitination by metformin. Our findings suggest that metformin-induced diarrhea in type 2 diabetes is in part caused by reduced Na+ and water absorption that is associated with NHE3 inhibition, probably by AMPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Han
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - C. Chris Yun
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tang M, Fang R, Xue J, Yang K, Lu Y. Effects of Catalase on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbial Composition in Yellow Broilers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:802051. [PMID: 35400106 PMCID: PMC8988485 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.802051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of catalase (CAT) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microbial composition of yellow broilers. Male Lingnan yellow broilers (360), aged 1 day, were randomly divided into control group (CON) (fed with a basic diet), R1 group (fed with basic diet + 150 U/kg catalase), and R2 group (fed with basic diet + 200 U/kg catalase). Each group had 8 replicates and 15 chickens in each replicate. The test is divided into the early stage (1–30 days) and the later stage (31–60 days). The results showed that compared with the control group, groups R1 and R2 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the weight gain and reduced (p < 0.05) the ratio of feed to gain in the early and the whole stages; prominently increased (p < 0.05) the concentration of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the activities of CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in livers, the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in serum, and CAT in the jejunum in the early and the later stages; markedly increased (p < 0.05) the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of the duodenum in the early and the later stages, the villus height and the villus height:crypt depth ratio of the jejunum and ileum in the early stage, and significantly lowered (p < 0.05) the crypt depth of the duodenum (in the early and the later stages), jejunum, and ileum (in early stage); memorably (p < 0.05) increased the number of total bacteria and Bacteroidetes in ceca, as well as the number of Lactobacillus in the jejunum (p < 0.05) on the 30th; significantly (p < 0.05) increased the mRNA expression of junction adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2), mucin 2 (MCU2), and occlusal protein (occludin) in the duodenum in the early stage, and increased (p < 0.05) the mRNA expression of JAM2 in the jejunum in the later stage. Collectively, adding catalase (CAT) to the diet of yellow broilers can improve the growth performance and the antioxidant capacity, promoting the integrity of intestinal morphology, optimizing the composition of intestinal microorganisms, and upregulating the mRNA expression of tight junction protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghong Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safe (CICAPS), Changsha, China
| | - Rejun Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safe (CICAPS), Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Rejun Fang
| | - Junjing Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safe (CICAPS), Changsha, China
| | - Kaili Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safe (CICAPS), Changsha, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Research and Development Center, Shanghai Menon Biotechnology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ornelas A, Dowdell AS, Lee JS, Colgan SP. Microbial Metabolite Regulation of Epithelial Cell-Cell Interactions and Barrier Function. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060944. [PMID: 35326394 PMCID: PMC8946845 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells that line tissues such as the intestine serve as the primary barrier to the outside world. Epithelia provide selective permeability in the presence of a large constellation of microbes, termed the microbiota. Recent studies have revealed that the symbiotic relationship between the healthy host and the microbiota includes the regulation of cell–cell interactions at the level of epithelial tight junctions. The most recent findings have identified multiple microbial-derived metabolites that influence intracellular signaling pathways which elicit activities at the epithelial apical junction complex. Here, we review recent findings that place microbiota-derived metabolites as primary regulators of epithelial cell–cell interactions and ultimately mucosal permeability in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ornelas
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Ave, Mailstop B146, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.O.); (A.S.D.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Alexander S. Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Ave, Mailstop B146, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.O.); (A.S.D.); (J.S.L.)
| | - J. Scott Lee
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Ave, Mailstop B146, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.O.); (A.S.D.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Ave, Mailstop B146, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.O.); (A.S.D.); (J.S.L.)
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1700 N. Wheeling St., Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ahmed MU, Arise RO, Umaru IJ. Identification and Biochemical Characterization of Anti-enteropooling Compounds from Annona senegalensis Root Bark. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
31
|
Investigation of the effect of verapamil on the regional absorption of sofosbuvir from rabbit intestine in situ. Daru 2022; 30:49-58. [PMID: 35023081 PMCID: PMC9114277 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sofosbuvir, a nucleotide antiviral drug, is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class III prodrug suffering from limited intestinal absorption due to its high hydrophilicity and low intestinal permeability. This research aims to investigate the luminal stability of Sofosbuvir, the influence of anatomical site on its intestinal absorption and the effects of verapamil on such absorption. METHOD The study utilized in situ rabbit intestinal perfusion technique to examine absorption of Sofosbuvir from duodenum, jejunum, ileum and ascending colon. This was conducted both with and without verapamil. RESULTS The luminal stability study showed that Sofosbuvir was subjected to premature degradation with varying fractions degraded from the different intestinal segments. The in situ perfusion data showed incomplete absorption of Sofosbuvir from small and large intestinal segments. The recorded values of the absorptive clearance per unit length (Pe.A/L) of Sofosbuvir were 0.026, 0.0075, 0.0026, & 0.054 ml/min.cm for duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ascending colon, respectively. The Pe.A/L values were ordered as colon > duodenum > jejunum > ileum. This is the opposite rank of P-gp content in the different intestinal segments. The recorded values of the length required for complete Sofosbuvir absorption (L95%) were 29.58, 128.47, 949.2 and, 13.63 cm for duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ascending colon, respectively. Co-perfusion with verapamil significantly increased Pe.A/L and reduced the L95% of Sofosbuvir from both jejunum and ileum (P-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicated that the absorptive clearance of Sofosbuvir was site dependent and associated with the content of P-glycoprotein, in addition to the expected drug interactions that can occur in polymedicated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients.
Collapse
|
32
|
Diao H, Yan J, Li S, Kuang S, Wei X, Zhou M, Zhang J, Huang C, He P, Tang W. Effects of Dietary Zinc Sources on Growth Performance and Gut Health of Weaned Piglets. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:771617. [PMID: 34858378 PMCID: PMC8631109 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.771617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary zinc sources on the growth performance and gut health of weaned piglets. In total, 96 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) weaned piglets with an initial average body weight of 8.81±0.42kg were divided into four groups, with six replicates per treatment and four pigs per replicate. The dietary treatment groups were as follows: (1) control group, basal diet; (2) zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) group, basal diet +100mg/kg ZnSO4; (3) glycine zinc (Gly-Zn) group, basal diet +100mg/kg Gly-Zn and (4) zinc lactate group, and basal diet +100mg/kg zinc lactate. The whole trial lasted for 28days. Decreased F/G was noted in the Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups (p<0.05). The zinc lactate group had a lower diarrhea rate than the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the ZnSO4, Gly-Zn, and zinc lactate groups had significantly higher apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude ash, and zinc than the control group (p<0.05). The Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups had higher jejunal villus height and a higher villus height:crypt depth ratio than the control group (p<0.05). In addition, the ZnSO4, Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups had a significantly lower mRNA expression level of jejunal ZRT/IRT-like protein 4 (ZIP4) and higher mRNA expression level of jejunal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) than the control group (p<0.05). The mRNA expression level of jejunal zinc transporter 2 (ZNT2) was higher and that of jejunal Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) was lower in the Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups than in the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the zinc lactate group had a higher count of Lactobacillus spp. in the cecal digesta and higher mRNA expression levels of jejunal occludin and mucin 2 (MUC2) than the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 100mg/kg ZnSO4, Gly-Zn, or zinc lactate could improve the growth performance and gut barrier function of weaned piglets. Dietary supplementation with organic zinc, particularly zinc lactate, had the best effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Diao
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayou Yan
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Animtech Biology Development Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyao Kuang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan Wei
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengjia Zhou
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinxiu Zhang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongbo Huang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng He
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Merchak A, Gaultier A. Microbial metabolites and immune regulation: New targets for major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 9:100169. [PMID: 34589904 PMCID: PMC8474524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for depression and mood disorders have been singularly targeted at the brain without consideration for the context of the rest of the body. As evidence mounts for a role of autoimmunity and inflammation as risk factors and contributors to mood disorders, attention has shifted to one of the primary immunoregulatory organs in the body--the gut. Gut-brain interactions have been established and correlative links between the microbiome and mood have been examined, but with novel tools and a base of understanding, focus shifts to the mechanisms of these communications. In this review, we examine how the small molecules produced by metabolic processes of bacteria in the gut influence the host immune system. The gaps in knowledge discussed here include the under characterized diversity of small molecules crossing the gut walls, as well as the need to close the logical loop connecting the microbiome to the immune system, and the immune system to behavior and mood. As we move past the dawn of this field, more precise understanding using novel tools and techniques will help move toward a more informed and systematic process for clinically evaluating the efficacy of probiotics and bacterially derived compounds as antidepressants and mood regulators. Metabolism of the gut microbiota results in diverse molecules available to the host. Small molecules influence inflammation which modulates behavior and mood. Novel targets for mood stabilizers may be produced by the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Merchak
- University of Virginia, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, 409 Lane Road, MR4 Research Building, Room, 5124, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Alban Gaultier
- University of Virginia, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, 409 Lane Road, MR4 Research Building, Room, 5124, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bekusova V, Droessler L, Amasheh S, Markov AG. Effects of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine on Barrier Properties of Rat Large Intestine and IPEC-J2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10278. [PMID: 34638619 PMCID: PMC8508681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is accompanied by a decrease of epithelial barrier properties, which are determined by tight junction (TJ) proteins between adjacent epithelial cells. The aim of the current study was to analyze the expression of TJ proteins in a rat model of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal cancer, as well as the barrier properties and TJ protein expression of IPEC-J2 cell monolayers after incubation with DMH. Transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein of IPEC-J2 were examined by an epithelial volt/ohm meter and spectrophotometry. The expression and localization of TJ proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In the colonic tumors of rats with DMH-induced carcinogenesis, the expression of claudin-3 and -4 was significantly increased compared to controls. The transepithelial electrical resistance of IPEC-J2 cells increased, while paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein decreased, accompanied by an increased expression of claudin-4. The increase of claudin-4 in rat colon after chronic DMH exposure was consistent with the acute effect of DMH on IPEC-J2 cells, which may indicate an essential role of this protein in colorectal cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Bekusova
- Department of General Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7–9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Linda Droessler
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (L.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (L.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Alexander G. Markov
- Department of General Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7–9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tharabenjasin P, Ferraris RP, Choowongkomon K, Pongkorpsakol P, Worakajit N, Sawasvirojwong S, Pabalan N, Na-Bangchang K, Muanprasat C. β-eudesmol but not atractylodin exerts an inhibitory effect on CFTR-mediated chloride transport in human intestinal epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112030. [PMID: 34426253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oriental herbal medicine with the two bioactive constituents, β-eudesmol (BE) and atractylodin (AT), has been used as a remedy for gastrointestinal disorders. There was no scientific evidence reporting their antidiarrheal effect and underpinning mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anti-secretory activity of these two compounds in vitro. The inhibitory effect of BE and AT on cAMP-induced Cl- secretion was evaluated by Ussing chamber in human intestinal epithelial (T84) cells. Short-circuit current (ISC) and apical Cl- current (ICl-) were measured after adding indirect and direct cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel activator. MTT assay was used to determine cellular cytotoxicity. Protein-ligand interaction was investigated by in silico molecular docking analysis. BE, but not AT concentration-dependently (IC50 of ~1.05 µM) reduced cAMP-mediated, CFTRinh-172 inhibitable Cl- secretion as determined by transepithelial ISC across a monolayer of T84 cells. Potency of CFTR-mediated ICl- inhibition by BE did not change with the use of different CFTR activators suggesting a direct blockage of the channel active site(s). Pretreatment with BE completely prevented cAMP-induced ICl-. Furthermore, BE at concentrations up to 200 µM (24 h) had no effect on T84 cell viability. In silico studies indicated that BE could best dock onto dephosphorylated structure of CFTR at ATP-binding pockets in nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) 2 region. These findings provide the first evidence for the anti-secretory effect of BE involving inhibition of CFTR function. BE represents a promising candidate for the therapeutic or prophylactic intervention of diarrhea resulted from intestinal hypersecretion of Cl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phuntila Tharabenjasin
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongnung, Klongluang, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand
| | - Ronaldo P Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07946, USA
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pawin Pongkorpsakol
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nichakorn Worakajit
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Pla, Bang Phli, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Sutthipong Sawasvirojwong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Noel Pabalan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongnung, Klongluang, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongnung, Klongluang, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Rangsit Center, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongnung, Klongluang, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Pla, Bang Phli, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nickerson AJ, Rajendran VM. Flupirtine enhances NHE-3-mediated Na + absorption in rat colon via an ENS-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G185-G199. [PMID: 34132108 PMCID: PMC8410105 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00158.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies in our lab have shown that the KV7 channel activator, flupirtine, inhibits colonic epithelial Cl- secretion through effects on submucosal neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS). We hypothesized that flupirtine would also stimulate Na+ absorption as a result of reduced secretory ENS input to the epithelium. To test this hypothesis, unidirectional 22Na+ fluxes were measured under voltage-clamped conditions. Pharmacological approaches using an Ussing-style recording chamber combined with immunofluorescence microscopy techniques were used to determine the effect of flupirtine on active Na+ transport in the rat colon. Flupirtine stimulated electroneutral Na+ absorption in partially seromuscular-stripped colonic tissues, while simultaneously inhibiting short-circuit current (ISC; i.e., Cl- secretion). Both of these effects were attenuated by pretreatment with the ENS inhibitor, tetrodotoxin. The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE-3)-selective inhibitor, S3226, significantly inhibited flupirtine-stimulated Na+ absorption, whereas the NHE-2-selective inhibitor HOE-694 did not. NHE-3 localization near the apical membranes of surface epithelial cells was also more apparent in flupirtine-treated colon versus control. Flupirtine did not alter epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)-mediated Na+ absorption in distal colonic tissues obtained from hyperaldosteronaemic rats and had no effect in the normal ileum but did stimulate Na+ absorption in the proximal colon. Finally, the parallel effects of flupirtine on ISC (Cl- secretion) and Na+ absorption were significantly correlated with each other. Together, these data indicate that flupirtine stimulates NHE-3-dependent Na+ absorption, likely as a result of reduced stimulatory input to the colonic epithelium by submucosal ENS neurons.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We present a novel mechanism regarding regulation of epithelial ion transport by enteric neurons. Activation of neuronal KV7 K+ channels markedly stimulates Na+ absorption and inhibits Cl- secretion across the colonic epithelium. This may be useful in developing new treatments for diarrheal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Nickerson
- Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Vazhaikkurichi M Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The Epithelial Na+ Channel, ENaC, comprised of 3 subunits (αβγ, or sometimes δβγENaC), plays a critical role in regulating salt and fluid homeostasis in the body. It regulates fluid reabsorption into the blood stream from the kidney to control blood volume and pressure, fluid absorption in the lung to control alveolar fluid clearance at birth and maintenance of normal airway surface liquid throughout life, and fluid absorption in the distal colon and other epithelial tissues. Moreover, recent studies have also revealed a role for sodium movement via ENaC in nonepithelial cells/tissues, such as endothelial cells in blood vessels and neurons. Over the past 25 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease. These include the recently solved three-dimensional structure of ENaC, ENaC function in various tissues, and mutations in ENaC that cause a hereditary form of hypertension (Liddle syndrome), salt-wasting hypotension (PHA1), or polymorphism in ENaC that contributes to other diseases (such as cystic fibrosis). Moreover, great strides have been made in deciphering the regulation of ENaC by hormones (e.g., the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, glucocorticoids, vasopressin), ions (e.g., Na+ ), proteins (e.g., the ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-2, the kinases SGK1, AKT, AMPK, WNKs & mTORC2, and proteases), and posttranslational modifications [e.g., (de)ubiquitylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, palmitoylation]. Characterization of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease, including using animal models, are described in this article, with a special emphasis on recent advances in the field. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-29, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rotin
- The Hospital for Sick Children, and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Olivier Staub
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nickerson AJ, Rottgen TS, Rajendran VM. Activation of KCNQ (K V7) K + channels in enteric neurons inhibits epithelial Cl - secretion in mouse distal colon. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C1074-C1087. [PMID: 33852365 PMCID: PMC8285638 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00536.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Kv7 (KCNQ family) K+ channels are expressed in many neuronal populations and play an important role in regulating membrane potential by generating a hyperpolarizing K+ current and decreasing cell excitability. However, the role of KV7 channels in the neural regulation of intestinal epithelial Cl- secretion is not known. Cl- secretion in mouse distal colon was measured as a function of short-circuit current (ISC), and pharmacological approaches were used to test the hypothesis that activation of KV7 channels in enteric neurons would inhibit epithelial Cl- secretion. Flupirtine, a nonselective KV7 activator, inhibited basal Cl- secretion in mouse distal colon and abolished or attenuated the effects of drugs that target various components of enteric neurotransmission, including tetrodotoxin (NaV channel blocker), veratridine (NaV channel activator), nicotine (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist), and hexamethonium (nicotinic antagonist). In contrast, flupritine did not block the response to epithelium-targeted agents VIP (endogenous VPAC receptor ligand) or carbachol (nonselective cholinergic agonist). Flupirtine inhibited Cl- secretion in both full-thickness and seromuscular-stripped distal colon (containing the submucosal, but not myenteric plexus) but generated no response in epithelial T84 cell monolayers. KV7.2 and KV7.3 channel proteins were detected by immunofluorescence in whole mount preparations of the submucosa from mouse distal colon. ICA 110381 (KV7.2/7.3 specific activator) inhibited Cl- secretion comparably to flupirtine. We conclude that KV7 channel activators inhibit neurally driven Cl- secretion in the colonic epithelium and may therefore have therapeutic benefit in treating pathologies associated with hyperexcitable enteric nervous system, such as irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Nickerson
- Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Trey S Rottgen
- Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Vazhaikkurichi M Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fang J, Wang H, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Zhou H, Zhang X. Slimy partners: the mucus barrier and gut microbiome in ulcerative colitis. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:772-787. [PMID: 34002011 PMCID: PMC8178360 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease characterized by high incidence and young onset age. Recently, there have been some interesting findings in the pathogenesis of UC. The mucus barrier, which is composed of a mucin complex rich in O-glycosylation, not only provides nutrients and habitat for intestinal microbes but also orchestrates the taming of germs. In turn, the gut microbiota modulates the production and secretion of mucins and stratification of the mucus layers. Active bidirectional communication between the microbiota and its 'slimy' partner, the mucus barrier, seems to be a continually performed concerto, maintaining homeostasis of the gut ecological microenvironment. Any abnormalities may induce a disorder in the gut community, thereby causing inflammatory damage. Our review mainly focuses on the complicated communication between the mucus barrier and gut microbiome to explore a promising new avenue for UC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.412551.60000 0000 9055 7865College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.415644.60000 0004 1798 6662Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shaoxing people’s Hospital, 568 North Zhongxing Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, 247 Renmin Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiting Zhou
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Goblet cell LRRC26 regulates BK channel activation and protects against colitis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019149118. [PMID: 33431687 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019149118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cells (GCs) are specialized cells of the intestinal epithelium contributing critically to mucosal homeostasis. One of the functions of GCs is to produce and secrete MUC2, the mucin that forms the scaffold of the intestinal mucus layer coating the epithelium and separates the luminal pathogens and commensal microbiota from the host tissues. Although a variety of ion channels and transporters are thought to impact on MUC2 secretion, the specific cellular mechanisms that regulate GC function remain incompletely understood. Previously, we demonstrated that leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 26 (LRRC26), a known regulatory subunit of the Ca2+-and voltage-activated K+ channel (BK channel), localizes specifically to secretory cells within the intestinal tract. Here, utilizing a mouse model in which MUC2 is fluorescently tagged, thereby allowing visualization of single GCs in intact colonic crypts, we show that murine colonic GCs have functional LRRC26-associated BK channels. In the absence of LRRC26, BK channels are present in GCs, but are not activated at physiological conditions. In contrast, all tested MUC2- cells completely lacked BK channels. Moreover, LRRC26-associated BK channels underlie the BK channel contribution to the resting transepithelial current across mouse distal colonic mucosa. Genetic ablation of either LRRC26 or BK pore-forming α-subunit in mice results in a dramatically enhanced susceptibility to colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. These results demonstrate that normal potassium flux through LRRC26-associated BK channels in GCs has protective effects against colitis in mice.
Collapse
|
41
|
Graeber SY, Vitzthum C, Mall MA. Potential of Intestinal Current Measurement for Personalized Treatment of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050384. [PMID: 34066648 PMCID: PMC8151208 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Refinement of personalized treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) with emerging medicines targeting the CF basic defect will likely benefit from biomarkers sensitive to detect improvement of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function in individual patients. Intestinal current measurement (ICM) is a technique that enables quantitative assessment of CFTR chloride channel function in rectal tissues or other intestinal epithelia. ICM was originally developed to study the CF ion transport defect in the intestine and has been established as a sensitive biomarker of CFTR function and diagnostic test for CF. With the emergence of CFTR-directed therapeutics, ICM has become an important tool to estimate the level of rescue of CFTR function achieved by approved CFTR modulators, both at the level of CFTR genotype groups, as well as individual patients with CF. In combination with preclinical patient-derived cell culture models, ICM may aid the development of targeted therapies for patients with rare CFTR mutations. Here, we review the principles of ICM and examine how this CFTR biomarker may be used to support diagnostic testing and enhance personalized medicine for individual patients with common as well as rare CFTR mutations in the new era of medicines targeting the underlying cause of CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Y. Graeber
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.G.); (C.V.)
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Constanze Vitzthum
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.G.); (C.V.)
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.G.); (C.V.)
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(30)-450-566-182; Fax: +49-(30)-450-566-931
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ghosh S, Whitley CS, Haribabu B, Jala VR. Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1463-1482. [PMID: 33610769 PMCID: PMC8025057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract (GI) harbors a diverse population of microbial life that continually shapes host pathophysiological responses. Despite readily available abundant metagenomic data, the functional dynamics of gut microbiota remain to be explored in various health and disease conditions. Microbiota generate a variety of metabolites from dietary products that influence host health and pathophysiological functions. Since gut microbial metabolites are produced in close proximity to gut epithelium, presumably they have significant impact on gut barrier function and immune responses. The goal of this review is to discuss recent advances on gut microbial metabolites in the regulation of intestinal barrier function. While the mechanisms of action of these metabolites are only beginning to emerge, they mainly point to a small group of shared pathways that control gut barrier functions. Amidst expanding technology and broadening knowledge, exploitation of beneficial microbiota and their metabolites to restore pathophysiological balance will likely prove to be an extremely useful remedial tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Caleb Samuel Whitley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Bodduluri Haribabu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Venkatakrishna Rao Jala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zheng L, Duarte ME, Sevarolli Loftus A, Kim SW. Intestinal Health of Pigs Upon Weaning: Challenges and Nutritional Intervention. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:628258. [PMID: 33644153 PMCID: PMC7906973 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.628258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of nursery pig management is making a smooth weaning transition to minimize weaning associated depressed growth and diseases. Weaning causes morphological and functional changes of the small intestine of pigs, where most of the nutrients are being digested and absorbed. While various stressors induce post-weaning growth depression, the abrupt change from milk to solid feed is one of the most apparent challenges to pigs. Feeding functional feed additives may be viable solutions to promote the growth of nursery pigs by enhancing nutrient digestion, intestinal morphology, immune status, and by restoring intestinal balance. The aim of this review was to provide available scientific information on the roles of functional feed additives in enhancing intestinal health and growth during nursery phase. Among many potential functional feed additives, the palatability of the ingredient and the optimum supplemental level are varied, and these should be considered when applying into nursery pig diets. Considering different stressors pigs deal with in the post-weaning period, research on nutritional intervention using a single feed additive or a combination of different additives that can enhance feed intake, increase weight gain, and reduce mortality and morbidity are needed to provide viable solutions for pig producers. Further research in relation to the feed palatability, supplemental level, as well as interactions between different ingredients are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
da Silva IV, Soveral G. Aquaporins in Immune Cells and Inflammation: New Targets for Drug Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041845. [PMID: 33673336 PMCID: PMC7917738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian immune system senses foreign antigens by mechanisms that involve the interplay of various kinds of immune cells, culminating in inflammation resolution and tissue clearance. The ability of the immune cells to communicate (via chemokines) and to shift shape for migration, phagocytosis or antigen uptake is mainly supported by critical proteins such as aquaporins (AQPs) that regulate water fluid homeostasis and volume changes. AQPs are protein channels that facilitate water and small uncharged molecules’ (such as glycerol or hydrogen peroxide) diffusion through membranes. A number of AQP isoforms were found upregulated in inflammatory conditions and are considered essential for the migration and survival of immune cells. The present review updates information on AQPs’ involvement in immunity and inflammatory processes, highlighting their role as crucial players and promising targets for drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês V. da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217946461
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hirota C, Takashina Y, Ikumi N, Ishizuka N, Hayashi H, Tabuchi Y, Yoshino Y, Matsunaga T, Ikari A. Inverse regulation of claudin-2 and -7 expression by p53 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α in colonic MCE301 cells. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1860409. [PMID: 33356822 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1860409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonic epithelial cells move up along the crypt villus axis and are differentiated into absorptive or secretory cells. Claudin-7 (CLDN7), a tight junctional protein, is mainly located at the surface of crypt, whereas CLDN2 is located at the bottom. However, the expression mechanism and function of these CLDNs are not fully understood. The expression levels of CLDN2 and CLDN7 were altered depending on the culture days in MCE301 cells derived from mouse colon. The nuclear levels of transcriptional factors p53 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) at day 21 were higher than those at day 7. Tenovin-1 (TEN), a p53 activator, increased the nuclear levels of p53 and HNF4α. The mRNA level and promoter activity of CLDN7 were increased by TEN, whereas those of CLDN2 were decreased. The changes of CLDNs expression were inhibited by p53 and HNF4α siRNAs. The association between p53 and HNF4α was elevated by TEN. In addition, the binding of p53 and HNF4α to the promoter region of CLDN2 and CLDN7 was enhanced by TEN. Transepithelial electrical resistance was decreased by TEN, but paracellular fluxes of lucifer yellow and dextran were not. In the Ussing chamber assay, TEN increased dilution potential and the ratio of permeability of Cl- to Na+. Both p53 and HNF4α were highly expressed at the surface of mouse colon crypt. We suggest that p53 and HNF4α alter the paracellular permeability of Cl- to Na+ mediated by the inverse regulation of CLDN2 and CLDN7 expression in the colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Hirota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu, Japan
| | - Yui Takashina
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu, Japan
| | - Naotaka Ikumi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Noriko Ishizuka
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Hayashi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Education Center of Green Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fan J, Li BR, Zhang Q, Zhao XH, Wang L. Pretreatment of IEC-6 cells with quercetin and myricetin resists the indomethacin-induced barrier dysfunction via attenuating the calcium-mediated JNK/Src activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 147:111896. [PMID: 33276066 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of two flavonols quercetin and myricetin on barrier function of rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells with indomethacin injury. When the cells were pretreated with the heated or unheated flavonols of 2.5-10 μmol/L for 24-48 h and then injured by 300 μmol/L indomethacin for 24 h, they showed reduced lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) but increased cell viability; however, the flavonols of 20 μmol/L exerted a little effect to increase cell viability or decrease LDH release. Cell pretreatment with 5 μmol/L flavonols also resisted cell barrier dysfunction by increasing transepithelial resistance, reducing paracellular permeability, and promoting mRNA and protein expression of three tight junction proteins zonula occluden-1, occludin, and claudin-1. Although indomethacin injury increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and consequently caused JNK/Src activation, the flavonols could decrease [Ca2+]i and attenuate the calcium-mediated JNK/Src activation. Quercetin with less hydroxyl groups was more efficient than myricetin to resist barrier dysfunction, while the unheated flavonols were more active than the heated counterparts to perform this effect. It is thus proposed that quercetin and myricetin could resist barrier dysfunction of the intestine once injured by indomethacin, but heat treatment of flavonols had a negative impact on barrier-protective function of flavonols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bai-Ru Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, PR China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China.
| | - Li Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cosme D, Estevinho MM, Rieder F, Magro F. Potassium channels in intestinal epithelial cells and their pharmacological modulation: a systematic review. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C520-C546. [PMID: 33326312 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00393.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several potassium channels (KCs) have been described throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Notwithstanding, their contribution to both physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions, as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), remains underexplored. Therefore, we aim to systematically review, for the first time, the evidence on the characteristics and modulation of KCs in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to identify studies focusing on KCs and their modulation in IECs. The included studies were assessed using a reporting inclusiveness checklist. From the 745 identified records, 73 met the inclusion criteria; their reporting inclusiveness was moderate-high. Some studies described the physiological role of KCs, while others explored their importance in pathological settings. Globally, in IBD animal models, apical KCa1.1 channels, responsible for luminal secretion, were upregulated. In human colonocytes, basolateral KCa3.1 channels were downregulated. The pharmacological inhibition of K2P and Kv influenced intestinal barrier function, promoting inflammation. Evidence suggests a strong association between KCs expression and secretory mechanisms in human and animal IECs. Further research is warranted to explore the usefulness of KC pharmacological modulation as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Cosme
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,MedInUP, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Estevinho
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases, and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,MedInUP, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Exploring the impact of intestinal ion transport on the gut microbiota. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:134-144. [PMID: 33425246 PMCID: PMC7773683 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and the host are intimately connected. The host physiology dictates the intestinal environment through regulation of pH, ion concentration, mucus production, etc., all of which exerts a selective pressure on the gut microbiota. Since different regions of the gastrointestinal tract are characterized by their own physicochemical conditions, distinct microbial communities are present in these locations. While it is widely accepted that the intestinal microbiome influences the host (tight junctions, cytokine/immune responses, diarrhea, etc.), the reciprocal interaction of the host on the microbiome is under-explored. This review aims to address these gaps in knowledge by focusing on how the host intestinal ion transport influences the luminal environment and thereby modulates the gut microbiota composition.
Collapse
Key Words
- CFTR
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator
- ClC, chloride channel
- DRA
- DRA, down-regulated in adenoma
- ENaC, epithelial Na+ channel
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GLUT2
- GLUT2, glucose transporter 2
- Gastrointestinal
- Ion transport
- Microbiome
- Microbiota
- NHE2
- NHE2, sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform 2
- NHE3
- NHE3, sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform 3
- NKCC1, Na+-K+-2Cl− co-transporter
- OTUs, operational taxonomic units
- SGLT1, sodium glucose co-transporter 1
Collapse
|
49
|
Stalla FM, Astegiano M, Ribaldone DG, Saracco GM, Pellicano R. The small intestine: barrier, permeability and microbiota. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2020; 68:98-110. [PMID: 33267569 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.20.02808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the comprehension of the physiology of intestinal permeability and microbiota; and how these elements could influence the pathogenesis of diseases. The term intestinal permeability describes all the processes that allow the passage of molecules as water, electrolytes and nutrients through the intestinal barrier by the paracellular or the transcellular transport systems with several implications for self-tolerance and not-self immunity. An increased permeability might induce a more significant interaction of the immune system with unknown external antigens. This might favor the onset of several immune-related extra-intestinal diseases including coeliac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, bronchial asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. Furthermore, the intestinal permeability interacts every day with microbiota, the complex system of mutualistic inhabitants and commensal microorganisms living in the healthy gut. Microbiota is implicated in physiological functions by actively participating in digestion, absorption, synthesis of vitamins and protection from external aggressions. The critical site where these processes occur is the small intestine to which this updated review is dedicated. Understanding its anatomy, its barrier structure and permeability modulation and its microbiota composition is the essential skill to comprehend the complex pathogenesis of several - not only gastroenterological - diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giorgio M Saracco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Loureiro CA, Pinto FR, Barros P, Matos P, Jordan P. A SYK/SHC1 pathway regulates the amount of CFTR in the plasma membrane. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4997-5015. [PMID: 31974654 PMCID: PMC11105000 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene cause the recessive genetic disease cystic fibrosis, where the chloride transport across the apical membrane of epithelial cells mediated by the CFTR protein is impaired. CFTR protein trafficking to the plasma membrane (PM) is the result of a complex interplay between the secretory and membrane recycling pathways that control the number of channels present at the membrane. In addition, the ion transport activity of CFTR at the PM is modulated through post-translational protein modifications. Previously we described that spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) phosphorylates a specific tyrosine residue in the nucleotide-binding domain 1 domain and this modification can regulate the PM abundance of CFTR. Here we identified the underlying biochemical mechanism using peptide pull-down assays followed by mass spectrometry. We identified in bronchial epithelial cells that the adaptor protein SHC1 recognizes tyrosine-phosphorylated CFTR through its phosphotyrosine-binding domain and that the formation of a complex between SHC1 and CFTR is induced at the PM in the presence of activated SYK. The depletion of endogenous SHC1 expression was sufficient to promote an increase in CFTR at the PM of these cells. The results identify a SYK/SHC1 pathway that regulates the PM levels of CFTR channels, contributing to a better understanding of how CFTR-mediated chloride secretion is regulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Almeida Loureiro
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco R Pinto
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barros
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Jordan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|