1
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Lee J, Lee S. Non-Invasive, Reliable, and Fast Quantification of DNA Loading on Gold Nanoparticles by a One-Step Optical Measurement. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1856-1866. [PMID: 36633590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An exquisite, versatile, and reproducible quantification of DNA loading on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has long been pursued because this loading influences the analytical, therapeutic, and self-assembly behaviors of DNA-Au NPs. Nevertheless, the existing methods used thus far rely solely on the invasive detachment and subsequent spectroscopic quantification of DNA, which are error-prone and highly dependent on trained personnel. Here, we present a non-invasive optical framework that can determine the number of DNA strands on Au NPs by versatile one-step measurement of the visible absorption spectra of DNA-Au NP solutions without any invasive modifications or downstream processes. Using effective medium theory in conjunction with electromagnetic numerical calculation, the change in DNA loading density, resulting from varying the ion concentration, Au NP size, DNA strand length, and surrounding temperature, can be tracked in situ merely by the one-step measurement of visible absorption spectra, which is otherwise impossible to achieve. Moreover, the simplicity and robustness of this method promote reproducible DNA loading quantification regardless of experimental adeptness, which is in stark contrast with existing invasive and multistep methods. Overall, the optical framework outlined in this work can contribute to democratizing research on DNA-Au NPs and facilitating their rapid adoption in transformative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, and KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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2
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Sadiq Z, Safiabadi Tali SH, Hajimiri H, Al-Kassawneh M, Jahanshahi-Anbuhi S. Gold Nanoparticles-Based Colorimetric Assays for Environmental Monitoring and Food Safety Evaluation. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-36. [PMID: 36629748 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2162331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an exponential increase in the research on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-based colorimetric sensors to revolutionize point-of-use sensing devices. Hence, this review is compiled focused on current progress in the design and performance parameters of AuNPs-based sensors. The review begins with the characteristics of AuNPs, followed by a brief explanation of synthesis and functionalization methods. Then, the mechanisms of AuNPs-based sensors are comprehensively explained in two broad categories based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characteristics of AuNPs and their peroxidase-like catalytic properties (nanozyme). SPR-based colorimetric sensors further categorize into aggregation, anti-aggregation, etching, growth-mediated, and accumulation-based methods depending on their sensing mechanisms. On the other hand, peroxidase activity-based colorimetric sensors are divided into two methods based on the expression or inhibition of peroxidase-like activity. Next, the analytes in environmental and food samples are classified as inorganic, organic, and biological pollutants, and recent progress in detection of these analytes are reviewed in detail. Finally, conclusions are provided, and future directions are highlighted. Improving the sensitivity, reproducibility, multiplexing capabilities, and cost-effectiveness for colorimetric detection of various analytes in environment and food matrices will have significant impact on fast testing of hazardous substances, hence reducing the pollution load in environment as well as rendering food contamination to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubi Sadiq
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Seyed Hamid Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hasti Hajimiri
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Muna Al-Kassawneh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sana Jahanshahi-Anbuhi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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3
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Yasin D, Sami N, Afzal B, Husain S, Naaz H, Ahmad N, Zaki A, Rizvi MA, Fatma T. Prospects in the use of gold nanoparticles as cancer theranostics and targeted drug delivery agents. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Simple model of the electrophoretic migration of spherical and rod-shaped Au nanoparticles in gels with varied mesh sizes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Fleming A, Cursi L, Behan JA, Yan Y, Xie Z, Adumeau L, Dawson KA. Designing Functional Bionanoconstructs for Effective In Vivo Targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:429-443. [PMID: 35167255 PMCID: PMC8931723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The progress achieved
over the last three decades in the field
of bioconjugation has enabled the preparation of sophisticated nanomaterial–biomolecule
conjugates, referred to herein as bionanoconstructs, for a multitude
of applications including biosensing, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
However, the development of bionanoconstructs for the active targeting
of cells and cellular compartments, both in vitro and in vivo, is challenged by the lack of understanding
of the mechanisms governing nanoscale recognition. In this review,
we highlight fundamental obstacles in designing a successful bionanoconstruct,
considering findings in the field of bionanointeractions. We argue
that the biological recognition of bionanoconstructs is modulated
not only by their molecular composition but also by the collective
architecture presented upon their surface, and we discuss fundamental
aspects of this surface architecture that are central to successful
recognition, such as the mode of biomolecule conjugation and nanomaterial
passivation. We also emphasize the need for thorough characterization
of engineered bionanoconstructs and highlight the significance of
population heterogeneity, which too presents a significant challenge
in the interpretation of in vitro and in
vivo results. Consideration of such issues together will
better define the arena in which bioconjugation, in the future, will
deliver functional and clinically relevant bionanoconstructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Fleming
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lorenzo Cursi
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - James A Behan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Yan Yan
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Zengchun Xie
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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6
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Llewellyn SV, Parak WJ, Hühn J, Burgum MJ, Evans SJ, Chapman KE, Jenkins GJS, Doak SH, Clift MJD. Deducing the cellular mechanisms associated with the potential genotoxic impact of gold and silver engineered nanoparticles upon different lung epithelial cell lines in vitro. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:52-72. [PMID: 35085458 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2030823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human ENP exposure is inevitable and the novel, size-dependent physicochemical properties that enable ENPs to be beneficial in innovative technologies are concomitantly causing heightened public concerns as to their potential adverse effects upon human health. This study aims to deduce the mechanisms associated with potential ENP mediated (geno)toxicity and impact upon telomere integrity, if any, of varying concentrations of both ∼16 nm (4.34 × 10-3 to 17.36 × 10-3 mg/mL) Gold (Au) and ∼14 nm (0.85 × 10-5 to 3.32 × 10-5 mg/mL) Silver (Ag) ENPs upon two commonly used lung epithelial cell lines, 16HBE14o- and A549. Following cytotoxicity analysis (via Trypan Blue and Lactate Dehydrogenase assay), two sub-lethal concentrations were selected for genotoxicity analysis using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. Whilst both ENP types induced significant oxidative stress, Ag ENPs (1.66 × 10-5 mg/mL) did not display a significant genotoxic response in either epithelial cell lines, but Au ENPs (8.68 × 10-3 mg/mL) showed a highly significant 2.63-fold and 2.4-fold increase in micronucleus frequency in A549 and 16HBE14o- cells respectively. It is hypothesized that the DNA damage induced by acute 24-h Au ENP exposure resulted in a cell cycle stall indicated by the increased mononuclear cell fraction (>6.0-fold) and cytostasis level. Albeit insignificant, a small reduction in telomere length was observed following acute exposure to both ENPs which could indicate the potential for ENP mediated telomere attrition. Finally, from the data shown, both in vitro lung cell cultures (16HBE14o- and A549) are equally as suitable and reliable for the in vitro ENP hazard identification approach adopted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V Llewellyn
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Faculty of Physics, Centre of Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Hühn
- Faculty of Physics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael J Burgum
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Stephen J Evans
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Katherine E Chapman
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Shareen H Doak
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
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7
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Peng B, Liu Z, Jiang Y. Aggregation of DNA-Grafted Nanoparticles in Water: The Critical Role of Sequence-Dependent Conformation of DNA Coating. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:847-857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Sotnikov DV, Byzova NA, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB. Retention of Activity by Antibodies Immobilized on Gold Nanoparticles of Different Sizes: Fluorometric Method of Determination and Comparative Evaluation. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113117. [PMID: 34835881 PMCID: PMC8625478 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody–nanoparticle conjugates are widely used analytical reagents. An informative parameter reflecting the conjugates’ properties is the number of antibodies per nanoparticle that retain their antigen-binding ability. Estimation of this parameter is characterized by a lack of simple, reproducible methods. The proposed method is based on the registration of fluorescence of tryptophan residues contained in proteins and combines sequential measurements of first the immobilized antibody number and then the bound protein antigen number. Requirements for the measurement procedure have been determined to ensure reliable and accurate results. Using the developed technique, preparations of spherical gold nanoparticles obtained by the most common method of citrate reduction of gold salts (the Turkevich–Frens method) and varying in average diameter from 15 to 55 nm have been characterized. It was shown that the number of antibodies (immunoglobulins G) bound by one nanoparticle ranged from 30 to 194 during adsorptive unoriented monolayer immobilization. C-reactive protein was considered as the model antigen. The percentage of antibody valences that retained their antigen-binding properties in the conjugate increased from 17 to 34% with an increase in the diameter of gold nanoparticles. The proposed method and the results of the study provide tools to assess the capabilities of the preparations of gold nanoparticles and their conjugates as well as the expediency of seeking the best techniques for various practical purposes.
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9
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Zamora-Perez P, Pelaz B, Tsoutsi D, Soliman MG, Parak WJ, Rivera-Gil P. Hyperspectral-enhanced dark field analysis of individual and collective photo-responsive gold-copper sulfide nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13256-13272. [PMID: 34477734 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08256b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We used hyperspectral-enhanced dark field microscopy for studying physicochemical changes in biomaterials by tracking their unique spectral signatures along their pathway through different biological environments typically found in any biomedical application. We correlate these spectral signatures with discrete environmental features causing changes in nanoparticles' physicochemical properties. We use this correlation to track the nanoparticles intracellularly and to assess the impact of these changes on their functionality. We focus on one example of a photothermal nanocomposite, i.e., polymer-coated gold/copper sulfide nanoparticles, because their performance depends on their localized surface plasmon peak, which is highly sensitive to environmental changes. We found spectral differences both in the dependence of time and discrete environmental factors, affecting the range of illumination wavelengths that can be used to activate the functionality of these types of nanoparticles. The presence of proteins (protein corona) and the increase in ionic strength induce a spectral broadening towards the NIR region which we associated with nanoparticles' agglomeration. In acidic environments, such as that of the lysosome, a red shift was also observed in addition to a decrease in the scattering intensity probably associated with a destabilization of the proteins and/or the change in the net charge of the polymer around the nanoparticles. We observed a loss of the photo-excitation potential of those nanoparticles exposed to acidic conditions in the <600 nm spectral rage. In a similar manner, ageing induces a transitioning from a broad multipeak spectrum to a distinct shoulder with time (up to 8 months) with the loss of spectral contribution in the 450-600 nm range. Hence, a fresh preparation of nanoparticles before their application would be recommended for an optimal performance. We highlight the impact of ageing and the acidic environment on the responsiveness of this type of plasmonic nanoparticle. Regardless of the spectral differences found, polymer-coated gold/copper sulfide nanoparticles retained their photothermal response as demonstrated in vitro upon two-photon irradiation. This could be ascribed to their robust geometry provided by the polymer coating. These results should be useful to rationally design plasmonic photothermal probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Zamora-Perez
- Integrative Biomedical Materials and Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Baki A, Remmo A, Löwa N, Wiekhorst F, Bleul R. Albumin-Coated Single-Core Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Molecular Magnetic Imaging (MRI/MPI). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6235. [PMID: 34207769 PMCID: PMC8229057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal stability of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNP) in physiological environments is crucial for their (bio)medical application. MNP are potential contrast agents for different imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Applied as a hybrid method (MRI/MPI), these are valuable tools for molecular imaging. Continuously synthesized and in-situ stabilized single-core MNP were further modified by albumin coating. Synthesizing and coating of MNP were carried out in aqueous media without using any organic solvent in a simple procedure. The additional steric stabilization with the biocompatible protein, namely bovine serum albumin (BSA), led to potential contrast agents suitable for multimodal (MRI/MPI) imaging. The colloidal stability of BSA-coated MNP was investigated in different sodium chloride concentrations (50 to 150 mM) in short- and long-term incubation (from two hours to one week) using physiochemical characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for core size and differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS) for hydrodynamic size. Magnetic characterization such as magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements confirmed the successful surface modification as well as exceptional colloidal stability of the relatively large single-core MNP. For comparison, two commercially available MNP systems were investigated, MNP-clusters, the former liver contrast agent (Resovist), and single-core MNP (SHP-30) manufactured by thermal decomposition. The tailored core size, colloidal stability in a physiological environment, and magnetic performance of our MNP indicate their ability to be used as molecular magnetic contrast agents for MPI and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkader Baki
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Amani Remmo
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.); (N.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Norbert Löwa
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.); (N.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Frank Wiekhorst
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.); (N.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Regina Bleul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany;
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11
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Ahmadpoor F, Masood A, Feliu N, Parak WJ, Shojaosadati SA. The Effect of Surface Coating of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxivity. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.644734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with acceptable biocompatibility and size-dependent magnetic properties can be used as efficient contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Herein, we have investigated the impact of particle size and surface coating on the proton relaxivity of IONPs, as well as engineering of small IONPs' surface coating as a strategy for achieving gadolinium-free contrast agents. Accordingly, polymer coating using poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA) with overcoating of the original ligands was applied for providing colloidal stability to originally oleic acid–capped IONPs in aqueous solution. In case of replacement of the original ligand shell, the polymer had been modified with dopamine. Furthermore, the colloidal stability of the polymer-coated IONPs was evaluated in NaCl and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions. The results indicate that the polymer-coated IONPs which involved replacement of the original ligands exhibited considerably better colloidal stability and higher proton relaxivity in comparison to polymer-coated IONPs with maintained ligand shell. The highest r2/r1 we obtained was around 300.
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Garaiova Z, Melikishvili S, Michlewska S, Ionov M, Pedziwiatr-Werbicka E, Waczulikova I, Hianik T, Gomez-Ramirez R, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M. Dendronized Gold Nanoparticles as Carriers for gp160 (HIV-1) Peptides: Biophysical Insight into Complex Formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1542-1550. [PMID: 33475368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The unavailability of effective and safe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines incites several approaches for development of the efficient antigen/adjuvant vaccination composite. In this study, three different dendronized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs 13-15) were investigated for a complexation ability with gp160 synthetic peptides derived from an HIV envelope. It has been shown that HIV peptides interacted with nanoparticles as evident from the changes in their secondary structures, restricted the mobility of the attached fluorescence dye, and enhanced peptide helicity confirmed by the fluorescence polarization and circular dichroism results. Transmission electron microscopy visualized complexes as cloud-like structures with attached nanoparticles. AuNP 13-15 nanoparticles bind negatively charged peptides depending on the number of functional groups; the fastest saturation and peptide retardation were observed for the most dendronized nanoparticle as indicated from dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler velocimetry, and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments. Dendronized gold nanoparticles can be considered one of the potential HIV peptide-based vaccination platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Garaiova
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Sopio Melikishvili
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pedziwiatr-Werbicka
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Iveta Waczulikova
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Tibor Hianik
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Rafael Gomez-Ramirez
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, IQAR, University Alcala, Alcala de Henares 28801, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, IQAR, University Alcala, Alcala de Henares 28801, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
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Amina SJ, Guo B. A Review on the Synthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Vehicle. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9823-9857. [PMID: 33324054 PMCID: PMC7732174 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s279094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are being extensively used in biomedical fields due to their small size-to-volume ratio and extensive thermal stability. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are an obvious choice for biomedical applications due to their amenability of synthesis, stabilization, and functionalization, low toxicity, and ease of detection. In the past few decades, various chemical methods have been used for the synthesis of AuNPs, but recently, newer environment friendly green approaches for the synthesis of AuNPs have gained attention. AuNPs can be conjugated with a number of functionalizing moieties including ligands, therapeutic agents, DNA, amino acids, proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides. Recently, studies have shown that gold nanoparticles not only infiltrate the blood vessels to reach the site of tumor but also enter inside the organelles, suggesting that they can be employed as effective drug carriers. Moreover, after reaching their target site, gold nanoparticles can release their payload upon an external or internal stimulus. This review focuses on recent advances in various methods of synthesis of AuNPs. In addition, strategies of functionalization and mechanisms of application of AuNPs in drug and bio-macromolecule delivery and release of payloads at target site are comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Jabeen Amina
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX77204, USA
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Armstrong RE, Horáček M, Zijlstra P. Plasmonic Assemblies for Real-Time Single-Molecule Biosensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003934. [PMID: 33258287 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Their tunable optical properties and versatile surface functionalization have sparked applications of plasmonic assemblies in the fields of biosensing, nonlinear optics, and photonics. Particularly, in the field of biosensing, rapid advances have occurred in the use of plasmonic assemblies for real-time single-molecule sensing. Compared to individual particles, the use of assemblies as sensors provides stronger signals, more control over the optical properties, and access to a broader range of timescales. In the past years, they have been used to directly reveal single-molecule interactions, mechanical properties, and conformational dynamics. This review summarizes the development of real-time single-molecule sensors built around plasmonic assemblies. First, a brief overview of their optical properties is given, and then recent applications are described. The current challenges in the field and suggestions to overcome those challenges are discussed in detail. Their stability, specificity, and sensitivity as sensors provide a complementary approach to other single-molecule techniques like force spectroscopy and single-molecule fluorescence. In future applications, the impact in real-time sensing on ultralong timescales (hours) and ultrashort timescales (sub-millisecond), time windows that are difficult to access using other techniques, is particularly foreseen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Armstrong
- Department of Applied Physics & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, the Netherlands
| | - Matěj Horáček
- Department of Applied Physics & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Zijlstra
- Department of Applied Physics & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, the Netherlands
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15
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Bou S, Wang X, Anton N, Bouchaala R, Klymchenko AS, Collot M. Lipid-core/polymer-shell hybrid nanoparticles: synthesis and characterization by fluorescence labeling and electrophoresis. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4173-4181. [PMID: 32286601 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Among the lipid nanoparticles, lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) composed of an oily core and a polymeric shell display interesting features as efficient drug carriers due to the high loading capability of the oil phase and the stability and surface functionalization of the polymer shell. Herein, we formulated lipid-core/polymer-shell hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) using a simple nanoprecipitation method involving Vitamin E Acetate (VEA) as the oily core and a tailor-made amphiphilic polymer as a wrapping shell. The fluorescence labeling of the oil, using a newly developed green fluorogenic BODIPY tracker, and of the polymer using a covalent attachment of a red emitting rhodamine was done to assess the formation, the composition and the stability of these new hybrid nanoparticles using dual color electrophoresis gel analysis. This technique, combined to conventional DLS and electronic microscopy analysis, allowed us to quickly determine that 20 wt% of the polymer was an optimal ratio for obtaining stable HNPs by nanoprecipiation. Finally, we showed that using different polymeric shells, various HNPs can be obtained and finely discriminated using a combined approach of electrophoresis and two-color labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bou
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, France.
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16
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Roy S, Liu Z, Sun X, Gharib M, Yan H, Huang Y, Megahed S, Schnabel M, Zhu D, Feliu N, Chakraborty I, Sanchez-Cano C, Alkilany AM, Parak WJ. Assembly and Degradation of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Biological Environments. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2751-2762. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathi Roy
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ziyao Liu
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xing Sun
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mustafa Gharib
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Huijie Yan
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yalan Huang
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saad Megahed
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dingcheng Zhu
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Neus Feliu
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Alaaldin M. Alkilany
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, 11931 Amman, Jordan
| | - Wolfgang J. Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- CIC Biomagune, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
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17
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Amjad S, Naeem A, Sabahat S. In vitro investigation of anti-cancer activity of ferrocene-functionalized gold nanoparticles. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Yang L, Sun H, Wang X, Yao W, Zhang W, Jiang L. An aptamer based aggregation assay for the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid using fluorescent upconversion nanoparticles and DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:308. [PMID: 31030275 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An acetamiprid-binding aptamer (ABA), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are used in a colorimetric and fluorometric method for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of the pesticide acetamiprid. The ABA is first configured into a duplex with a complementary DNA covalently attached to AuNPs. The resulting dsDNA-functionalized AuNP probe is not stable in 0.15 M NaCl solution and aggregates. This causing the color to change from red to purple. In the presence of acetamiprid, the ABA undergoes a structural switch from a DNA duplex to an aptamer-acetamiprid complex and consequently dissociates from the AuNPs. The partially unhybridized AuNPs are stable against salt-induced aggregation and show red color. The ratio of absorbances at 524 nm (red) and 650 nm (purple blue) varies with the concentration of acetamiprid in the 0.025-10 μM concentration range. The colorimetric signal can be further amplified by introducing DNA-modified carboxylated UCNPs (silica-coated NaYF4:Yb,Er) which display red and green fluorescence under 980 nm excitation. An inner filter effect occurs between DNA-modified UCNPs and dsDNA-modified AuNPs. The fluorometric assay is based on the measurement of the ratio of red (654 nm) and green (540 nm) fluorescence and works in the 0.025 to 1 μM acetamiprid concentration range and has a 0.36 nM detection limit (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3). Because of the specificity of the aptamer, the assay is high selective. It was successfully used to quantify acetamiprid in contaminated real samples. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of an upconversion fluorescent assay for acetamiprid. It involves the principle of analyte-triggered structural switch of aptamers, salt-induced AuNP aggregation, and signal amplification from UCNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Yao
- Center for Evidence Identification, Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Heuer-Jungemann A, Feliu N, Bakaimi I, Hamaly M, Alkilany A, Chakraborty I, Masood A, Casula MF, Kostopoulou A, Oh E, Susumu K, Stewart MH, Medintz IL, Stratakis E, Parak WJ, Kanaras AG. The Role of Ligands in the Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Inorganic Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4819-4880. [PMID: 30920815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The design of nanoparticles is critical for their efficient use in many applications ranging from biomedicine to sensing and energy. While shape and size are responsible for the properties of the inorganic nanoparticle core, the choice of ligands is of utmost importance for the colloidal stability and function of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the selection of ligands employed in nanoparticle synthesis can determine their final size and shape. Ligands added after nanoparticle synthesis infer both new properties as well as provide enhanced colloidal stability. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on the role of the ligands with respect to the nanoparticle morphology, stability, and function. We analyze the interaction of nanoparticle surface and ligands with different chemical groups, the types of bonding, the final dispersibility of ligand-coated nanoparticles in complex media, their reactivity, and their performance in biomedicine, photodetectors, photovoltaic devices, light-emitting devices, sensors, memory devices, thermoelectric applications, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Heuer-Jungemann
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
| | - Neus Feliu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED) , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 171 77 , Sweden.,Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ioanna Bakaimi
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO171BJ , U.K
| | - Majd Hamaly
- King Hussein Cancer Center , P. O. Box 1269, Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941 , Jordan
| | - Alaaldin Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy , The University of Jordan , Amman 11942 , Jordan.,Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | | | - Atif Masood
- Fachbereich Physik , Philipps Universität Marburg , 30357 Marburg , Germany
| | - Maria F Casula
- INSTM and Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Cagliari , 09042 Monserrato , Cagliari , Italy.,Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Cagliari , Via Marengo 2 , 09123 Cagliari , Italy
| | - Athanasia Kostopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , Heraklion , 71110 Crete , Greece
| | - Eunkeu Oh
- KeyW Corporation , Hanover , Maryland 21076 , United States.,Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- KeyW Corporation , Hanover , Maryland 21076 , United States.,Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Michael H Stewart
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900 , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , Heraklion , 71110 Crete , Greece
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
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20
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Chaudhary S, Chauhan P, Kumar R, Bhasin KK. Toxicological responses of surfactant functionalized selenium nanoparticles: A quantitative multi-assay approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:1265-1277. [PMID: 30189543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of selenium nanomaterials (Se Nps) in material and biological science is quickly growing, crafting an imperative need for toxicological evaluation of the exposure prospective and environmental consequences of Se Nps. The combination of quantitative multi-assay approach into environmental toxicological analysis has provided novel opportunities to build up effective markers and scrutinize the means of venomous nature of Se Nps in the current study. In the present work, we analyzed the toxicological effect of bare and surface functionalized Se Nps by using multi assay viz. seed germination studies as a function of concentration of SeNps and by using antifungal assays. The influence of SeNps on bacterial activities were also investigated by using the S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. typhi bacterial strains as widespread marker species for antibacterial studies. The ocular assessment of chlorophyll content was maximum for Brij coated Se NPs (98%) as compared to bare (20%), SDS (45%) and CTAB (38%) coated SeNps. The existence of chromosomal aberrations in root meristems of A. cepa(A. cepa) with computed MI values of 16, 25, 33 and 52% for bare, CTAB, SDS and Brij coated particles has indicated the genotoxic effects of SeNps. The biocompatible nature of Brij coated Se Nps was observed from the faster mobility of DNA in gel electrophoresis studies. The investigational studies in the current work appraise the toxicity and measure the competence of obtained data to characterize possibilities of probable threats, prominence of data requirement and breaches that must be filled to diminish the ambiguities about the safe use of Se Nps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - K K Bhasin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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21
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Huang H, du Toit H, Panariello L, Mazzei L, Gavriilidis A. Continuous synthesis of gold nanoparticles in micro- and millifluidic systems. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gold nanomaterials have diverse applications ranging from healthcare and nanomedicine to analytical sciences and catalysis. Microfluidic and millifluidic reactors offer multiple advantages for their synthesis and manufacturing, including controlled or fast mixing, accurate reaction time control and excellent heat transfer. These advantages are demonstrated by reviewing gold nanoparticle synthesis strategies in flow devices. However, there are still challenges to be resolved, such as reactor fouling, particularly if robust manufacturing processes are to be developed to achieve the desired targets in terms of nanoparticle size, size distribution, surface properties, process throughput and robustness. Solutions to these challenges are more effective through a coordinated approach from chemists, engineers and physicists, which has at its core a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the synthesis processes and reactor operation. This is important as nanoparticle synthesis is complex, encompassing multiple phenomena interacting with each other, often taking place at short timescales. The proposed methodology for the development of reactors and processes is generic and contains various interconnected considerations. It aims to be a starting point towards rigorous design procedures for the robust and reproducible continuous flow synthesis of gold nanoparticles.
Graphical Abstract:
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , UK
| | - Hendrik du Toit
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , UK
| | - Luca Panariello
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , UK
| | - Luca Mazzei
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , UK
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , UK
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22
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Eibling MJ, MacDermaid CM, Qian Z, Lanci CJ, Park SJ, Saven JG. Controlling Association and Separation of Gold Nanoparticles with Computationally Designed Zinc-Coordinating Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17811-17823. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Eibling
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher M. MacDermaid
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zhaoxia Qian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher J. Lanci
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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23
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Li Q, Lu Z, Tan X, Xiao X, Wang P, Wu L, Shao K, Yin W, Han H. Ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B 1 by SERS aptasensor based on exonuclease-assisted recycling amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 97:59-64. [PMID: 28554047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most abundant and carcinogenic food-contaminating mycotoxins around the world. In this study, we proposed a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing strategy for the determination of AFB1. An aptamer for AFB1 partially hybridized with complementary-DNA, which was released after the recognition of AFB1 and immediately hybridized with hairpin DNA on the surface of sputtering Au film. Exonuclease III hydrolyzed the double-stranded DNA, leaving short single-stranded DNA on the Au surface and releasing complementary-DNA for next ring opening and digestion. SERS tag was captured on Au surface by DNA hybridization. Agarose gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering showed that SERS tag was successfully prepared. The detection principle was validated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and SERS at each step. High sensitivity and good selectivity for AFB1 detection were observed. The results showed that there was a good linear relation when the AFB1 concentration was from 1×10-6 to 1ng/mL, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.4 fg/mL. This sensor was also applied for quantifying AFB1 levels in spiked peanuts samples, the recoveries was in the range of 89-121%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xuecai Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Long Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Kang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wenmin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Heyou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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24
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Memon AG, Zhou X, Liu J, Wang R, Liu L, Yu B, He M, Shi H. Utilization of unmodified gold nanoparticles for label-free detection of mercury (II): Insight into rational design of mercury-specific oligonucleotides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 321:417-423. [PMID: 27669382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Colorimetric detection of mercury (II) with the use of DNA oligonucleotides and unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as indicators has been extensively studied. This study provides in-depth insights into the rational design of mercury-specific oligonucleotides (MSO) in the biosensing system. The leftover bases of MSO, as a result of the formation of T-Hg2+-T base pairs, can adsorb on the AuNPs and hinder their aggregation at concentrations of salt. This phenomenon was directly verified by the changes in particle sizes characterized by dynamic light scattering for the first time. Based on these findings, we proposed a rational design for the MSO with approximately 20-fold improvement in detection sensitivity. The detection limit of the proposed assay decreased to 15nM with a linear working range from 50nM to 300nM for Hg2+. The cross-reactivity against eight other metal ions was negligible compared with the response to Hg2+. Considering the diverse applications of AuNPs with oligonucleotides, this study can serve as a good reference and provides important implications in sensing and DNA-directed nanoparticle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ghaffar Memon
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jinchuan Liu
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bofan Yu
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Miao He
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hanchang Shi
- Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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25
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Colombo M, Fiandra L, Alessio G, Mazzucchelli S, Nebuloni M, De Palma C, Kantner K, Pelaz B, Rotem R, Corsi F, Parak WJ, Prosperi D. Tumour homing and therapeutic effect of colloidal nanoparticles depend on the number of attached antibodies. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13818. [PMID: 27991503 PMCID: PMC5187442 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeting of nanoparticles to tumours can be achieved by conjugation with specific antibodies. Specific active targeting of the HER2 receptor is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo with a subcutaneous MCF-7 breast cancer mouse model with trastuzumab-functionalized gold nanoparticles. The number of attached antibodies per nanoparticle was precisely controlled in a way that each nanoparticle was conjugated with either exactly one or exactly two antibodies. As expected, in vitro we found a moderate increase in targeting efficiency of nanoparticles with two instead of just one antibody attached per nanoparticle. However, the in vivo data demonstrate that best effect is obtained for nanoparticles with only exactly one antibody. There is indication that this is based on a size-related effect. These results highlight the importance of precisely controlling the ligand density on the nanoparticle surface for optimizing active targeting, and that less antibodies can exhibit more effect.
A common strategy to target nanoparticles to tumours is conjugation with specific antibodies, targeting protein expressed preferentially by cancer cells. Here the authors show that the number of antibodies bound to the nanoparticle influences the targeting ability in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Luisa Fiandra
- Ospedale L. Sacco, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Alessio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche 'Luigi Sacco', Università di Milano, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Ospedale L. Sacco, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche 'Luigi Sacco', Università di Milano, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- Ospedale L. Sacco, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche 'Luigi Sacco', Università di Milano, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Ospedale L. Sacco, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Karsten Kantner
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Rany Rotem
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche 'Luigi Sacco', Università di Milano, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy.,Surgery Department, Breast Unit, ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB, Via S. Maugeri, 10-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany.,CIC Biomagune, Miramon Pasealekua 182, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Davide Prosperi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
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26
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Carranza-Oropeza MV, Sherrill AW, Sanders JR, Arce PE, Giudici R. Performance assessment of protein electrophoresis by using polyacrylamide hydrogel with porous structure modified with SDS micelles as template. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander W. Sherrill
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Tennessee Technological University; Cookeville TN 38501 USA
| | - J. Robby Sanders
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Tennessee Technological University; Cookeville TN 38501 USA
| | - Pedro E. Arce
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Tennessee Technological University; Cookeville TN 38501 USA
| | - Reinaldo Giudici
- Department of Chemical Engineering; São Paulo University; São Paulo SP 05508-900 Brazil
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27
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Hühn J, Fedeli C, Zhang Q, Masood A, del Pino P, Khashab NM, Papini E, Parak WJ. Dissociation coefficients of protein adsorption to nanoparticles as quantitative metrics for description of the protein corona: A comparison of experimental techniques and methodological relevance. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 75:148-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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28
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Bikos D, Mason TG. Propagation and Separation of Charged Colloids by Cylindrical Passivated Gel Electrophoresis. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:6160-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Bikos
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Thomas G. Mason
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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29
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Zhang NH, Wu JZ, Meng WL, Tan ZQ. Effect of surface charge state on the surface stress of a microcantilever. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:144001. [PMID: 26916422 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/14/144001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The surface charge state at a liquid-solid interface is important to the variations in the physical/chemical properties of adsorbate film such as surface stress and the ensuing tip deflection of the microcantilever. The well-known Stoney's equation, derived more than 100 years ago, conceals the film electrical properties with the replacement of substrate deformation induced by adsorptions of particles. This implicit expression provides a shortcut to circumvent the difficulty in identifying some film properties, however, it limits the capacity to ascertain the relation between surface stress variation and the surface charge state. In this paper, we present an analytical expression to quantify the cantilever deflection/surface stress and the film potential difference by combining the piezoelectric theory and Poisson-Boltzmann equation for electrolyte solution. This updated version indicates that the two linear correlations between surface stress and surface charge density or the bias voltage are not contradictory, but two aspects of one thing under different conditions. Based on Parsegian's mesoscopic interaction potential, a multiscale prediction for the piezoelectric coefficient of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) film is done, and the results show that the distinctive size effect with variations in salt concentration and nucleotide number provides us with an opportunity to obtain a more sensitive potential-actuated microcantilever sensor by careful control of packing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng-Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China. Department of Mechanics, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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30
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Kumar V, Palazzolo S, Bayda S, Corona G, Toffoli G, Rizzolio F. DNA Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:710-25. [PMID: 27022418 PMCID: PMC4805665 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology is an emerging and exciting field, and represents a forefront frontier for the biomedical field. The specificity of the interactions between complementary base pairs makes DNA an incredible building material for programmable and very versatile two- and three-dimensional nanostructures called DNA origami. Here, we analyze the DNA origami and DNA-based nanostructures as a drug delivery system. Besides their physical-chemical nature, we dissect the critical factors such as stability, loading capability, release and immunocompatibility, which mainly limit in vivo applications. Special attention was dedicated to highlighting the boundaries to be overcome to bring DNA nanostructures closer to the bedside of patients.
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31
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Hill RJ. Hydrogel charge regulation and electrolyte ion-concentration perturbations in nanoparticle gel electrophoresis. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2015.0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gel electrophoresis of spherical nanoparticles (NPs) is studied using an electrokinetic model that couples the ion conservation equations to the Poisson and fluid momentum equations, thus including the so-called polarization and relaxation processes. This model is therefore the charged gel electrophoresis analogue of the well-known O’Brien and White solution of the standard electrokinetic model for free-solution electrophoresis. Results are provided for the small NPs (size around 10 nm) to which gel electrophoresis is relevant, because particles must be small enough to permeate the gel: these include the particle drag coefficient (or Brownian diffusivity), which is subject to hydrodynamic screening and electroviscous effects, and the electrophoretic mobility, which is subject to nonlinear electrostatic and charge polarization influences. Also addressed are the influences of charge-regulating gels and the accompanying particle-induced immobile charge-density perturbations. Ion-concentration perturbations attenuate the electrophoretic mobility and enhance the drag coefficient according to the particle charge and the mobility of the most abundant counterion. However, dynamic regulation of the hydrogel charge—termed the secondary immobile charge-density perturbation—has a negligible influence on the particle mobility, and may therefore be neglected for most practical purposes.
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32
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Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) size and charge play key roles in bioconjugation chemistry, imaging and drug delivery. Although the electrophoretic mobility and hydrodynamic size are routinely measured, interpreting these data can be extremely difficult. Here, the challenge is addressed via an electrokinetic model for spheres bearing a soft amphoteric corona, the charge of which is regulated by a multi-component electrolyte. The model is applied to NPs with a metallic core to which are grafted poly(ethylene glycol) chains with either weak acid or amphiprotic end groups. The results elucidate the separate roles of electrolyte pH and ionic strength on the electrophoretic mobility and diffusion coefficient. In this study, the forces were evaluated directly, rather than from the Stokeslet velocity disturbances. While the second-order convergence was demonstrated by both methods, the direct approach, which uses only the inner part of the global solution, furnished superior accuracy and robustness. This may benefit future attempts to model the dielectric and electroacoustic properties of these complex nanoparticulates.
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33
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Hwang MT, Landon PB, Lee J, Mo A, Meckes B, Glinsky G, Lal R. DNA nano-carrier for repeatable capture and release of biomolecules. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17397-17403. [PMID: 26439640 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05124j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA can be manipulated to design nano-machines through specific sequence recognition. We report a switchable DNA carrier for repeatable capture and release of a single stranded DNA. The activity of the carrier was regulated by the interactions among a double-stranded actuator, single stranded target, fuel, and anti-fuel DNA strands. Inosine was used to maintain a stable triple-stranded complex when the actuator's conformation was switched between open (capture) and closed (release) configurations. Time lapse fluorescence measurements show repeatable capture and release of target strands. TEM images also show visible capture of target DNA strands when gold nanoparticles were attached to the DNA carrier and the target DNA strand. The carrier activity was controlled by length of toeholds, number of mismatches, and inosine substitutions. Significantly, unlike in previously published work that reported the devices functioned only when there is a perfect match between the interacting DNA strands, the present device works only when there are mismatches in the fuel strand and the best performance is achieved for 1-3 mismatches. The device was used to successfully capture and release gold nanoparticles when linked to the target single-stranded DNA. In general, this type of devices can be used for transport and delivery of theranostic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Hwang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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34
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Hadar I, Abir T, Halivni S, Faust A, Banin U. Size-Dependent Ligand Layer Dynamics in Semiconductor Nanocrystals Probed by Anisotropy Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Comparison of the in Vitro Uptake and Toxicity of Collagen- and Synthetic Polymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1418-1430. [PMID: 28347072 PMCID: PMC5304636 DOI: 10.3390/nano5031418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We studied the physico-chemical properties (size, shape, zeta-potential), cellular internalization and toxicity of gold nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with the most abundant mammalian protein, collagen. The properties of these gold NPs were compared to the same sized gold NPs coated with synthetic poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA). Intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity were assessed in two cell lines (cervical carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma cells) by employing inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis and a cell viability assay based on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), respectively. We found that the collagen-coated gold NPs exhibit lower cytotoxicity, but higher uptake levels than PMA-coated gold NPs. These results demonstrate that the surface coating of Au NPs plays a decisive role in their biocompatibility.
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36
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Pelaz B, del Pino P, Maffre P, Hartmann R, Gallego M, Rivera-Fernández S, de la Fuente JM, Nienhaus GU, Parak WJ. Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles with Polyethylene Glycol: Effects on Protein Adsorption and Cellular Uptake. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6996-7008. [PMID: 26079146 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 572] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Here we have investigated the effect of enshrouding polymer-coated nanoparticles (NPs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the adsorption of proteins and uptake by cultured cells. PEG was covalently linked to the polymer surface to the maximal grafting density achievable under our experimental conditions. Changes in the effective hydrodynamic radius of the NPs upon adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) and fibrinogen (FIB) were measured in situ using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. For NPs without a PEG shell, a thickness increase of around 3 nm, corresponding to HSA monolayer adsorption, was measured at high HSA concentration. Only 50% of this value was found for NPs with PEGylated surfaces. While the size increase clearly reveals formation of a protein corona also for PEGylated NPs, fluorescence lifetime measurements and quenching experiments suggest that the adsorbed HSA molecules are buried within the PEG shell. For FIB adsorption onto PEGylated NPs, even less change in NP diameter was observed. In vitro uptake of the NPs by 3T3 fibroblasts was reduced to around 10% upon PEGylation with PEG chains of 10 kDa. Thus, even though the PEG coatings did not completely prevent protein adsorption, the PEGylated NPs still displayed a pronounced reduction of cellular uptake with respect to bare NPs, which is to be expected if the adsorbed proteins are not exposed on the NP surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pelaz
- †Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Pauline Maffre
- §Institute of Applied Physics and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Raimo Hartmann
- †Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Jesus M de la Fuente
- ⊥Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, CSIC/University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- §Institute of Applied Physics and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- #Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- †Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- ‡CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
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37
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Coopersmith K, Han H, Maye MM. Stepwise Assembly and Characterization of DNA Linked Two-Color Quantum Dot Clusters. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7463-7471. [PMID: 26086169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The DNA-mediated self-assembly of multicolor quantum dot (QD) clusters via a stepwise approach is described. The CdSe/ZnS QDs were synthesized and functionalized with an amphiphilic copolymer, followed by ssDNA conjugation. At each functionalization step, the QDs were purified via gradient ultracentrifugation, which was found to remove excess polymer and QD aggregates, allowing for improved conjugation yields and assembly reactivity. The QDs were then assembled and disassembled in a stepwise manner at a ssDNA functionalized magnetic colloid, which provided a convenient way to remove unreacted QDs and ssDNA impurities. After assembly/disassembly, the clusters' optical characteristics were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and the assembly morphology and stoichiometry was imaged via electron microscopy. The results indicate that a significant amount of QD-to-QD energy transfer occurred in the clusters, which was studied as a function of increasing acceptor-to-donor ratios, resulting in increased QD acceptor emission intensities compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Coopersmith
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Hyunjoo Han
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Mathew M Maye
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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38
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Hadar I, Abir T, Halivni S, Faust A, Banin U. Size-Dependent Ligand Layer Dynamics in Semiconductor Nanocrystals Probed by Anisotropy Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12463-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Bilan R, Fleury F, Nabiev I, Sukhanova A. Quantum Dot Surface Chemistry and Functionalization for Cell Targeting and Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:609-24. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Bilan
- Laboratory
of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fabrice Fleury
- DNA
repair group, UFIP, CNRS UMR6286, Univertité de Nantes, 2 rue de la
Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Igor Nabiev
- Laboratory
of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Nanosciences, EA4682-LRN, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, UFR
de Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Alyona Sukhanova
- Laboratory
of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Nanosciences, EA4682-LRN, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, UFR
de Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
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40
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Influence of disordered packing pattern on elastic modulus of single-stranded DNA film on substrate. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2015; 14:1157-65. [PMID: 25749909 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-015-0661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Determining mechanical properties of single-stranded DNA film grafted on gold surface is critical for analysis and design of DNA-microcantilever biosensors. However, it remains an open issue to quantify the relations among the disordered packing patterns of DNA chains, the mechanical properties of DNA film and the resultant biodetection signals. In this paper, first, the bending experiment of microcantilever is carried out to provide the basic data for a refined multi-scale model of microcantilever deflection induced by ssDNA immobilization. In the model, the complicated interactions in DNA film (consisting of DNA, water molecules and salt ions) are simplified as effective interactions among coarse-grained soft cylinders, which can reveal the varieties of DNA structure in the circumstances of different lengths and salt concentrations; Ohshima's distribution of net charge density is employed to incorporate compositional variations of salt ions along the thickness direction into the Strey's mesoscopic empirical potential on molecular interactions in DNA solutions, and the related model parameters for ssDNA film on substrate are obtained from the curve fitting with our microcantilever bending experiment. Second, the effect of nanoscopic distribution of DNA chains on elastic modulus of ssDNA film is studied by a thought experiment of uniaxial compression, and the disordered patterns of DNA chains are generated by Monte Carlo method. Simulation results point out that nanoscale ssDNA film shows size effect, gradient and diversity in elastic modulus and can achieve maximum stiffness by preferring a disordered and energetically favorable packing pattern collectively induced by electrostatic force, hydration force and configurational entropy.
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41
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Uddayasankar U, Shergill RT, Krull UJ. Evaluation of Nanoparticle–Ligand Distributions To Determine Nanoparticle Concentration. Anal Chem 2014; 87:1297-305. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503992g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Uvaraj Uddayasankar
- Department
of Chemical and
Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga
Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L1C6
| | - Ravi T. Shergill
- Department
of Chemical and
Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga
Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L1C6
| | - Ulrich J. Krull
- Department
of Chemical and
Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga
Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L1C6
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42
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Hendel T, Wuithschick M, Kettemann F, Birnbaum A, Rademann K, Polte J. In situ determination of colloidal gold concentrations with UV-vis spectroscopy: limitations and perspectives. Anal Chem 2014; 86:11115-24. [PMID: 25289517 DOI: 10.1021/ac502053s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the UV-vis absorbance of colloidal gold nanoparticles at 400 nm and validates it as a method to determine Au(0) concentrations in colloidal gold solutions. The method is shown to be valid with restrictions depending on the investigated system. The uncertainty of the determined Au(0) concentration can be up to 30%. This deviation is the result of the combined influence of parameters such as particle size, surface modification, or oxidation state. However, quantifying the influence of these parameters enables a much more precise Au(0) determination for specific systems. As an example, the reduction process of the well-known Turkevich method was monitored and the Au(0) concentration was determined with a deviation of less than 5%. Hence, a simple, fast, easy, and cheap in situ method for Au(0) determination is demonstrated that has in the presence of other gold species such as Au(III) an unprecedented accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hendel
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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43
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Wang W, Ding X, He M, Wang J, Lou X. Kinetic adsorption profile and conformation evolution at the DNA-gold nanoparticle interface probed by dynamic light scattering. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10186-92. [PMID: 25222203 PMCID: PMC4204920 DOI: 10.1021/ac502440h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
kinetic adsorption profile at the DNA–gold nanoparticle
(AuNP) interface is probed by following the binding and organization
of thiolated linear DNA and aptamers of varying chain lengths (15,
30, 44, and 51 mer) to the surface of AuNPs (13.0 ± 1.0 nm diameter).
A systematic investigation utilizing dynamic light scattering has
been performed to directly measure the changes in particle size during
the course of a typical aging-salting thiolated DNA/AuNP preparation
procedure. We discuss the effect of DNA chain length, composition,
salt concentration, and secondary structure on the kinetics and conformation
at the DNA–AuNP interface. The adsorption kinetics are chain-length
dependent, composition independent, and not diffusion rate limited
for the conditions we report here. The kinetic data support a mechanism
of stepwise adsorption of thiols to the surface of AuNPs and reorganization
of the thiols at the interface. Very interestingly, the kinetic increases
of the particle sizes are modeled accurately by the pseudo-second-order
rate model, suggesting that DNA could possess the statistically well-defined
conformational evolution. Together with other experimental evidence,
we propose a dynamic inner-layer and outer-tail (DILOT) model to describe
the evolution of the DNA conformation after the initial adsorption
of a single oligonucleotide layer. According to this model, the length
of the tails that extend from the surface of AuNPs, capable for hybridization
or molecular recognition, can be conveniently calculated. Considering
the wide applications of DNA/AuNPs, the results should have important
implications in sensing and DNA-directed nanoparticle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University , Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing 100048, China
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44
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Nazarenus M, Zhang Q, Soliman MG, del Pino P, Pelaz B, Carregal-Romero S, Rejman J, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Clift MJD, Zellner R, Nienhaus GU, Delehanty JB, Medintz IL, Parak WJ. In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far? BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1477-90. [PMID: 25247131 PMCID: PMC4168913 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The interfacing of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells is now well into its second decade. In this review our goal is to highlight the more generally accepted concepts that we have gleaned from nearly twenty years of research. While details of these complex interactions strongly depend, amongst others, upon the specific properties of the nanoparticles used, the cell type, and their environmental conditions, a number of fundamental principles exist, which are outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Nazarenus
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Qian Zhang
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mahmoud G Soliman
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Pablo del Pino
- CIC Biomagune, Paseo Miramón 182, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Joanna Rejman
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Route de L’ancienne Papeterie CP 209, Marly 1, 1723, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Martin J D Clift
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Route de L’ancienne Papeterie CP 209, Marly 1, 1723, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Zellner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - James B Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue Southwest, Washington D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue Southwest, Washington D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- CIC Biomagune, Paseo Miramón 182, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
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45
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Dash S, Mohanty S. Dielectrophoretic separation of micron and submicron particles: a review. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2656-72. [PMID: 24930837 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview on separation of micron and submicron sized biological (cells, yeast, virus, bacteria, etc.) and nonbiological particles (latex, polystyrene, CNTs, metals, etc.) by dielectrophoresis (DEP), which finds wide applications in the field of medical and environmental science. Mathematical models to predict the electric field, flow profile, and concentration profiles of the particles under the influence of DEP force have also been covered in this review. In addition, advancements made primarily in the last decade, in the area of electrode design (shape and arrangement), new materials for electrode (carbon, silicon, polymers), and geometry of the microdevice, for efficient DEP separation of particles have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagatika Dash
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
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46
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Conde J, Dias JT, Grazú V, Moros M, Baptista PV, de la Fuente JM. Revisiting 30 years of biofunctionalization and surface chemistry of inorganic nanoparticles for nanomedicine. Front Chem 2014; 2:48. [PMID: 25077142 PMCID: PMC4097105 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 30 years we have assisted to a massive advance of nanomaterials in material science. Nanomaterials and structures, in addition to their small size, have properties that differ from those of larger bulk materials, making them ideal for a host of novel applications. The spread of nanotechnology in the last years has been due to the improvement of synthesis and characterization methods on the nanoscale, a field rich in new physical phenomena and synthetic opportunities. In fact, the development of functional nanoparticles has progressed exponentially over the past two decades. This work aims to extensively review 30 years of different strategies of surface modification and functionalization of noble metal (gold) nanoparticles, magnetic nanocrystals and semiconductor nanoparticles, such as quantum dots. The aim of this review is not only to provide in-depth insights into the different biofunctionalization and characterization methods, but also to give an overview of possibilities and limitations of the available nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conde
- Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jorge T. Dias
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Valeria Grazú
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Moros
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- CIGMH, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Jesus M. de la Fuente
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
- Fundacion ARAIDZaragoza, Spain
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Bio-Nano Science and Engineering, Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Research Institute of Translation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
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47
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Pfeiffer C, Rehbock C, Hühn D, Carrillo-Carrion C, de Aberasturi DJ, Merk V, Barcikowski S, Parak WJ. Interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with their local environment: the (ionic) nanoenvironment around nanoparticles is different from bulk and determines the physico-chemical properties of the nanoparticles. J R Soc Interface 2014; 11:20130931. [PMID: 24759541 PMCID: PMC4032524 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) are influenced by their local environment, as, in turn, the local environment influences the physico-chemical properties of the NPs. In other words, the local environment around NPs has a profound impact on the NPs, and it is different from bulk due to interaction with the NP surface. So far, this important effect has not been addressed in a comprehensive way in the literature. The vicinity of NPs can be sensitively influenced by local ions and ligands, with effects already occurring at extremely low concentrations. NPs in the Hückel regime are more sensitive to fluctuations in the ionic environment, because of a larger Debye length. The local ion concentration hereby affects the colloidal stability of the NPs, as it is different from bulk owing to Debye Hückel screening caused by the charge of the NPs. This can have subtle effects, now caused by the environment to the performance of the NP, such as for example a buffering effect caused by surface reaction on ultrapure ligand-free nanogold, a size quenching effect in the presence of specific ions and a significant impact on fluorophore-labelled NPs acting as ion sensors. Thus, the aim of this review is to clarify and give an unifying view of the complex interplay between the NP's surface with their nanoenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Rehbock
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Hühn
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Vivian Merk
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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48
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A simple spectroscopic method for the quantification of gold nanoparticle number concentration in water and fetal bovine serum solutions. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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49
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Kim H, Terazono H, Takei H, Yasuda K. DNA hybridization efficiency on concave surface nano-structure in hemispherical Janus nanocups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:1272-1280. [PMID: 24512025 DOI: 10.1021/la403557g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of a concave structure on DNA hybridization efficiency using an inner surface of hemispherical Janus nanocups in the range from 140 to 800 nm. Target DNA was specifically immobilized onto the inner cup surface, hybridized with complementary DNA-attached 20 nm Au probes, and the number of the hybridized probes was counted by scanning electron microscopy. The hybridization density of the attached Au probes on 800 nm nanocups was 255 μm(-2), which was 0.57 times that on a flat surface, 449 μm(-2), and increased to 394 μm(-2) on a 140 nm cup, 0.88 times of a flat surface, as the cup size decreased. The local density of attached Au probes within the central 25% at the bottom of the 800 nm nanocups was 444 μm(-2), which was closer to that on a flat surface, and the tendency was the same for all sizes of cups, indicating that the size dependency of DNA hybridization efficiency on the concave structures were mostly affected by the lower efficiency of side wall hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyonchol Kim
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology , KSP East 310, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
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50
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Kreyling WG, Hirn S, Möller W, Schleh C, Wenk A, Celik G, Lipka J, Schäffler M, Haberl N, Johnston BD, Sperling R, Schmid G, Simon U, Parak WJ, Semmler-Behnke M. Air-blood barrier translocation of tracheally instilled gold nanoparticles inversely depends on particle size. ACS NANO 2014; 8:222-33. [PMID: 24364563 PMCID: PMC3960853 DOI: 10.1021/nn403256v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) provide many opportunities in imaging, diagnostics, and therapy in nanomedicine. For the assessment of AuNP biokinetics, we intratracheally instilled into rats a suite of (198)Au-radio-labeled monodisperse, well-characterized, negatively charged AuNP of five different sizes (1.4, 2.8, 5, 18, 80, 200 nm) and 2.8 nm AuNP with positive surface charges. At 1, 3, and 24 h, the biodistribution of the AuNP was quantitatively measured by gamma-spectrometry to be used for comprehensive risk assessment. Our study shows that as AuNP get smaller, they are more likely to cross the air-blood barrier (ABB) depending strongly on the inverse diameter d(-1) of their gold core, i.e., their specific surface area (SSA). So, 1.4 nm AuNP (highest SSA) translocated most, while 80 nm AuNP (lowest SSA) translocated least, but 200 nm particles did not follow the d(-1) relation translocating significantly higher than 80 nm AuNP. However, relative to the AuNP that had crossed the ABB, their retention in most of the secondary organs and tissues was SSA-independent. Only renal filtration, retention in blood, and excretion via urine further declined with d(-1) of AuNP core. Translocation of 5, 18, and 80 nm AuNP is virtually complete after 1 h, while 1.4 nm AuNP continue to translocate until 3 h. Translocation of negatively charged 2.8 nm AuNP was significantly higher than for positively charged 2.8 nm AuNP. Our study shows that translocation across the ABB and accumulation and retention in secondary organs and tissues are two distinct processes, both depending specifically on particle characteristics such as SSA and surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
- Corresponding Author. Wolfgang G. Kreyling, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49/(0)89-2351 4817,
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried Möller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schleh
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Wenk
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Gülnaz Celik
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Lipka
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Schäffler
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Nadine Haberl
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Blair D Johnston
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Ralph Sperling
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Günter Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Semmler-Behnke
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg / Munich, Germany
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