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Erzurum D, Osmaniye D, Sağlık BN, Levent S, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, synthesis, and biological activity studies of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:421-432. [PMID: 37924267 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes are a common catalytic enzyme in many organisms. Vertebrates and invertebrates have different CA isoforms. Sixteen different isozymes of the α-CA isoform found in vertebrates have been identified so far. The main task of this enzyme is to catalyze the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions in the body. It is widely distributed in many organs and tissues. They are involved in important physiological processes such as pH and CO2 homeostasis, biosynthetic reactions such as gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ureagenesis, bone resorption, calcification, tumorigenicity, and electrolyte secretion. As a result of the literature research, it has been determined that the most effective inhibitor of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme is sulfonamides. The R group in the general molecular structure of R-SO2-NH2 generally consists of aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems. The sulfonamides interact strongly with the Zn2+ ions in the active site of the enzyme. In this study, 10 sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized. Analyses of the obtained compounds are evaluated by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectroscopic methods. The inhibition effect of the obtained compounds on the carbonic anhydrase enzyme was investigated by means of in vitro kit method. For the selected compounds, docking studies were performed and the enzyme active sites and binding points were determined. It was revealed that the strongest interaction with CA enzymes (CA-I, CA-II, CA-IX, CA-XII) active sites was observed with the compound 2e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delal Erzurum
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Central Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Central Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Levent
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Central Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Central Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
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Zheng N, Jiang W, Zhang P, Ma L, Chen J, Zhang H. Repurposing of World-Approved Drugs for Potential Inhibition against Human Carbonic Anhydrase I: A Computational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12619. [PMID: 37628799 PMCID: PMC10454238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) have enzymatic activities for reversible hydration of CO2 and are acknowledged as promising targets for the treatment of various diseases. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches, we hit three compounds of methyl 4-chloranyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)-5-sulfamoyl-benzoate (84Z for short), cyclothiazide, and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-piperidin-1-ylbenzenesulfonamide (3UG for short) from the existing hCA I inhibitors and word-approved drugs. As a Zn2+-dependent metallo-enzyme, the influence of Zn2+ ion models on the stability of metal-binding sites during MD simulations was addressed as well. MM-PBSA analysis predicted a strong binding affinity of -18, -16, and -14 kcal/mol, respectively, for these compounds, and identified key protein residues for binding. The sulfonamide moiety bound to the Zn2+ ion appeared as an essential component of hCA I inhibitors. Vina software predicted a relatively large (unreasonable) Zn2+-sulfonamide distance, although the relative binding strength was reproduced with good accuracy. The selected compounds displayed potent inhibition against other hCA isoforms of II, XIII, and XIV. This work is valuable for molecular modeling of hCAs and further design of potent inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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3
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Martínez-Montiel M, Romero-Hernández LL, Giovannuzzi S, Begines P, Puerta A, Ahuja-Casarín AI, Fernandes MX, Merino-Montiel P, Montiel-Smith S, Nocentini A, Padrón JM, Supuran CT, Fernández-Bolaños JG, López Ó. Conformationally Restricted Glycoconjugates Derived from Arylsulfonamides and Coumarins: New Families of Tumour-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119401. [PMID: 37298353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of carbonic anhydrases (CAs) in a myriad of biological events makes the development of new inhibitors of these metalloenzymes a hot topic in current Medicinal Chemistry. In particular, CA IX and XII are membrane-bound enzymes, responsible for tumour survival and chemoresistance. Herein, a bicyclic carbohydrate-based hydrophilic tail (imidazolidine-2-thione) has been appended to a CA-targeting pharmacophore (arylsulfonamide, coumarin) with the aim of studying the influence of the conformational restriction of the tail on the CA inhibition. For this purpose, the coupling of sulfonamido- or coumarin-based isothiocyanates with reducing 2-aminosugars, followed by the sequential acid-promoted intramolecular cyclization of the corresponding thiourea and dehydration reactions, afforded the corresponding bicyclic imidazoline-2-thiones in good overall yield. The effects of the carbohydrate configuration, the position of the sulfonamido motif on the aryl fragment, and the tether length and substitution pattern on the coumarin were analysed in the in vitro inhibition of human CAs. Regarding sulfonamido-based inhibitors, the best template turned out to be a d-galacto-configured carbohydrate residue, meta-substitution on the aryl moiety (9b), with Ki against CA XII within the low nM range (5.1 nM), and remarkable selectivity indexes (1531 for CA I and 181.9 for CA II); this provided an enhanced profile in terms of potency and selectivity compared to more flexible linear thioureas 1-4 and the drug acetazolamide (AAZ), used herein as a reference compound. For coumarins, the strongest activities were found for substituents devoid of steric hindrance (Me, Cl), and short linkages; derivatives 24h and 24a were found to be the most potent inhibitors against CA IX and XII, respectively (Ki = 6.8, 10.1 nM), and also endowed with outstanding selectivity (Ki > 100 µM against CA I, II, as off-target enzymes). Docking simulations were conducted on 9b and 24h to gain more insight into the key inhibitor-enzyme interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Martínez-Montiel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, PUE, Mexico
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Laura L Romero-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, PUE, Mexico
| | - Simone Giovannuzzi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Paloma Begines
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, E-38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana I Ahuja-Casarín
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, PUE, Mexico
| | - Miguel X Fernandes
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, E-38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Penélope Merino-Montiel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, PUE, Mexico
| | - Sara Montiel-Smith
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, PUE, Mexico
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, E-38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - José G Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
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MM/GBSA prediction of relative binding affinities of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: effect of atomic charges and comparison with Autodock4 Zn. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2023; 37:167-182. [PMID: 36930332 PMCID: PMC10050039 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-023-00499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase is an attractive drug target for the treatment of many diseases. This paper examines the ability of end-state MM/GBSA methods to rank inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase in terms of their binding affinities. The MM/GBSA binding energies were evaluated using different atomic charge schemes (Mulliken, ESP and NPA) at different levels of theories, including Hartree-Fock, B3LYP-D3(BJ), and M06-2X with the 6-31G(d,p) basis set. For a large test set of 32 diverse inhibitors, the use of B3LYP-D3(BJ) ESP atomic charges yielded the strongest correlation with experiment (R2 = 0.77). The use of the recently enhanced Autodock Vina and zinc optimised AD4Zn force field also predicted ligand binding affinities with moderately strong correlation (R2 = 0.64) at significantly lower computational cost. However, the docked poses deviate significantly from crystal structures. Overall, this study demonstrates the applicability of docking to estimate ligand binding affinities for a diverse range of CA inhibitors, and indicates that more theoretically robust MM/GBSA simulations show promise for improving the accuracy of predicted binding affinities, as long as a validated set of parameters is used.
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Ragab MA, Eldehna WM, Nocentini A, Bonardi A, Okda HE, Elgendy B, Ibrahim TS, Abd-Alhaseeb MM, Gratteri P, Supuran CT, Al-Karmalawy AA, Elagawany M. 4-(5-Amino-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives as novel multi-target anti-inflammatory agents endowed with inhibitory activity against COX-2, 5-LOX and carbonic anhydrase: Design, synthesis, and biological assessments. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115180. [PMID: 36796297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the current medical era, the single target inhibition paradigm of drug discovery has given way to the multi-target design concept. As the most intricate pathological process, inflammation gives rise to a variety of diseases. There are several drawbacks to the single target anti-inflammatory drugs currently available. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a novel series of 4-(5-amino-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives (7a-j) with COX-2, 5-LOX and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitory activities as potential multi-target anti-inflammatory agents. The pharmacophoric 4-(pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide moiety in Celecoxib was used as the core scaffold and different substituted phenyl and 2-thienyl tails were grafted via a hydrazone linker to enhance inhibitory activity against hCA IX and XII isoforms, yielding target pyrazoles 7a-j. All reported pyrazoles were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX. Pyrazoles 7a, 7b, and 7j showed the best inhibitory activities against the COX-2 isozyme (IC50 = 49, 60 and 60 nM, respectively) and against 5-LOX (IC50 = 2.4, 1.9, and 2.5 μM, respectively) with excellent SI indices (COX-1/COX-2) of 212.24, 208.33, and 158.33, respectively. In addition, the inhibitory activities of pyrazoles 7a-j were evaluated against four different hCA isoforms I, II, IX, and XII. Both transmembrane hCA IX and XII isoforms were potently inhibited by pyrazoles 7a-j with KI values in the nanomolar range; 13.0-82.1 nM and 5.8-62.0 nM, respectively. Furthermore, pyrazoles 7a and 7b with the highest COX-2 activity and selectivity indices were evaluated in vivo for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenic activities. The serum level of the inflammatory mediators was then measured in order to confirm the anti-inflammatory activities of pyrazoles 7a and 7b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt; School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, 11829, Egypt.
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hazem E Okda
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bahaa Elgendy
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, MO, USA; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Abd-Alhaseeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elagawany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt.
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6
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Berrino E, Micheli L, Carradori S, di Cesare Mannelli L, Guglielmi P, De Luca A, Carta F, Ghelardini C, Secci D, Supuran CT. Novel Insights on CAI-CORM Hybrids: Evaluation of the CO Releasing Properties and Pain-Relieving Activity of Differently Substituted Coumarins for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1892-1908. [PMID: 36701258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pain control is among the most important healthcare services in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the current therapeutic options (i.e., disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs) are limited by the risk of the side effects. In this context, we proposed an innovative approach based on the hybridization between carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and CO releasing molecules (CORMs). The resulting CAI-CORM hybrids were revealed to possess strong anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro models of diseases and to relieve ache symptoms in an in vivo RA rat model. In this work, we have deepened the study of these promising hybrids, designing a library of coumarin-based compounds, also including internal dicobalt hexacarbonyl systems. The results obtained from the CO releasing study, the CA inhibitory activity, and the in vivo pain-relief efficacy evaluation in the RA rat model confirmed the success of this strategy, allowing us to consider CAI-CORM hybrids promising anti-nociceptive agents against arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Berrino
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence, Italy.,Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, V.le G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo di Cesare Mannelli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, V.le G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, V.le G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence, Italy
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7
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Bonardi A, Micheli L, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Gratteri P, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Development of Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Carbonic Anhydrases IX- and XII-Selective Inhibitors with Enhanced Antihyperalgesic Action in a Rat Model of Arthritis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13143-13157. [PMID: 36121705 PMCID: PMC9574929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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An effective therapeutic approach based on the anti-inflammatory
action of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and inhibition of carbonic
anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII is proposed here for the management of
arthritis. H2S is a human gasotransmitter that modulates
inflammatory response at low concentrations. Inhibition of CAs IX
and XII can repristinate normal pH in the acidic inflamed synovial
fluid, alleviating arthritis symptoms. We report here the design of
H2S donor—CA inhibitor (CAI) hybrid derivatives.
The latter were tested in vitro as inhibitors of human CAs I, II,
IV, IX, and XII, showing a markedly increased inhibition potency/isoform
selectivity compared to the CAI synthetic precursors. The best compounds
demonstrated the ability to consistently release H2S and
produce a potent pain-relieving effect in a rat model of arthritis.
Compound 26 completely reverted the pain state 45 min
after administration with enhanced antihyperalgesic effect in vivo
compared to the single H2S donor, CAI fragment, or their
co-administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of NEUROFARBA─Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department NEUROFARBA─Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, Firenze, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA─Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, Firenze, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department NEUROFARBA─Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, Firenze, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of NEUROFARBA─Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA─Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA─Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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8
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Zhou S, Huang G. Some important inhibitors and mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:930-943. [PMID: 34942050 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that seriously affects human health and quality of life, and it is one of the main causes of labor loss and disability. Many countries have listed rheumatoid arthritis as one of the national a key diseases to tackle. The pathogenesis of RA in humans is still unknown, and medical researchers believe that the pathogenesis of RA may be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. RA is an incurable condition that can only be controlled and treated with conventional drugs. In this paper, the pathologic features and pathogenesis of RA were introduced, and the research progress of new anti-rheumatoid arthritis chemical drugs in recent years was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing, 401228, China.,College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
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9
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Zhang XM, Tao YH, Zhou XL, Shang XL, Gong XB, Liu YC, Huang YY, Chen G, Yu ZY, Wang JT, Du ZG, Wu GF, Zhang Y, Guo JC, Zhou HG. The role of carbonic anhydrase III and autophagy in type 2 diabetes with cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2329-2341. [PMID: 34665375 PMCID: PMC8580918 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases among the elderly people. The T2DM increases the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCD), and the main pathological change of the CCD is atherosclerosis (AS). Meanwhile, the carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are involved in the formation and progression of plaques in AS. However, the exact physiological mechanism of carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) has not been clear yet, and there are also no correlation study between CAIII protein and T2DM with CCD. The 8-week old diabetic mice (db/db-/- mice) and wild-type mice (wt mice) were feed by a normal diet till 32 weeks, and detected the carotid artery vascular opening angle using the method of biomechanics; The changes of cerebral cortex and myocardium were watched by the ultrastructure, and the autophagy were observed by electron microscope; The tissue structure, inflammation and cell injury were observed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; The apoptosis of cells were observed by TUNEL staining; The protein levels of CAIII, IL-17, p53 were detected by immunohistochemical and Western Blot, and the Beclin-1, LC3, NF-κB were detected by Western Blot. All statistical analysis is performed using PRISM software. Compared with wt mice, db/db-/- mice' carotid artery open angle increased significantly. Electron microscope results indicated that autophagy in db/db-/- mice cerebral cortex and heart tissue decreased and intracellular organelle ultrastructure were damaged. HE staining indicated that, db/db-/- mice' cerebral cortex and heart tissue stained lighter, inflammatory cells infiltration, cell edema were obvious, myocardial fibers were disorder, and myocardial cells showed different degrees of degeneration. Compared with wt mice, TUNEL staining showed that there was obviously increase in db/db-/- mice cortex and heart tissue cell apoptosis. The results of immunohistochemistry and Western Blot indicated that CAIII, Beclin-1 and LC3II/I expression levels conspicuously decreased in cortex and heart tissue of db/db-/- mice, and the expression level of IL-17, NF-κB and p53 obviously increased. The carotid artery' vascular stiffness was increased and which was probably related with formation of AS in diabetic mice. And the autophagy participated in the occurrence and development of diabetic CCD. CAIII protein might somehow be involved in the regulation of autophagy probably through affecting cell apoptosis and inflammation, but the underlying mechanism remains to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ying-Hong Tao
- Department of Medical Examination Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan Univesity, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xi-Liang Shang
- Department of Sport Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Gong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying-Chao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yan-Yan Huang
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Yu
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jian-Tao Wang
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zun-Guo Du
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Guo-Feng Wu
- Department of Emergency Neurology, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jing-Chun Guo
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Hou-Guang Zhou
- Geriatrics Department and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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10
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Lemon N, Canepa E, Ilies MA, Fossati S. Carbonic Anhydrases as Potential Targets Against Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease and Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:772278. [PMID: 34867298 PMCID: PMC8635164 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.772278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Neurovascular Unit (NVU) is an important multicellular structure of the central nervous system (CNS), which participates in the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), delivery of oxygen and nutrients, immunological surveillance, clearance, barrier functions, and CNS homeostasis. Stroke and Alzheimer Disease (AD) are two pathologies with extensive NVU dysfunction. The cell types of the NVU change in both structure and function following an ischemic insult and during the development of AD pathology. Stroke and AD share common risk factors such as cardiovascular disease, and also share similarities at a molecular level. In both diseases, disruption of metabolic support, mitochondrial dysfunction, increase in oxidative stress, release of inflammatory signaling molecules, and blood brain barrier disruption result in NVU dysfunction, leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Improved therapeutic strategies for both AD and stroke are needed. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are well-known targets for other diseases and are being recently investigated for their function in the development of cerebrovascular pathology. CAs catalyze the hydration of CO2 to produce bicarbonate and a proton. This reaction is important for pH homeostasis, overturn of cerebrospinal fluid, regulation of CBF, and other physiological functions. Humans express 15 CA isoforms with different distribution patterns. Recent studies provide evidence that CA inhibition is protective to NVU cells in vitro and in vivo, in models of stroke and AD pathology. CA inhibitors are FDA-approved for treatment of glaucoma, high-altitude sickness, and other indications. Most FDA-approved CA inhibitors are pan-CA inhibitors; however, specific CA isoforms are likely to modulate the NVU function. This review will summarize the literature regarding the use of pan-CA and specific CA inhibitors along with genetic manipulation of specific CA isoforms in stroke and AD models, to bring light into the functions of CAs in the NVU. Although pan-CA inhibitors are protective and safe, we hypothesize that targeting specific CA isoforms will increase the efficacy of CA inhibition and reduce side effects. More studies to further determine specific CA isoforms functions and changes in disease states are essential to the development of novel therapies for cerebrovascular pathology, occurring in both stroke and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Silvia Fossati,
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11
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Emerging role of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1233-1249. [PMID: 34013961 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was clinically exploited for decades, as most modern diuretics were obtained considering as lead molecule acetazolamide, the prototypical CA inhibitor (CAI). The discovery and characterization of multiple human CA (hCA) isoforms, 15 of which being known today, led to new applications of their inhibitors. They include widely clinically used antiglaucoma, antiepileptic and antiobesity agents, antitumor drugs in clinical development, as well as drugs for the management of acute mountain sickness and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Emerging roles of several CA isoforms in areas not generally connected to these enzymes were recently documented, such as in neuropathic pain, cerebral ischemia, rheumatoid arthritis, oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease. Proof-of-concept studies thus emerged by using isoform-selective inhibitors, which may lead to new clinical applications in such areas. Relevant preclinical models are available for these pathologies due to the availability of isoform-selective CAIs for all human isoforms, belonging to novel classes of compounds, such as coumarins, sulfocoumarins, dithiocarbamates, benzoxaboroles, apart the classical sulfonamide inhibitors. The inhibition of CAs from pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoans or nematodes started recently to be considered for obtaining anti-infectives with a new mechanism of action.
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12
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Tesch S, Abdirama D, Grießbach AS, Brand HA, Goerlich N, Humrich JY, Bacher P, Hiepe F, Riemekasten G, Enghard P. Identification and characterization of antigen-specific CD4 + T cells targeting renally expressed antigens in human lupus nephritis with two independent methods. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21312. [PMID: 33277543 PMCID: PMC7718878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for anti-renal autoreactivity in human lupus nephritis, we stimulated blood-derived CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with various kidney lysates. Although only minor responses were detectable, these experiments led to the development of a search algorithm that combined autoantibody association with human lupus nephritis and target gene expression in inflamed kidneys. Applying this algorithm, five potential T cell antigens were identified. Blood-derived CD4+ T cells were then stimulated with these antigens. The cells were magnetically enriched prior to measurement with flow cytometry to facilitate the detection of very rare autoantigen-specific cells. The detected responses were dominated by IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells. Additionally, IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells were found. In a next step, T cell reactivity to each single antigen was independently evaluated with T cell libraries and [3H]-thymidine incorporation assays. Here, Vimentin and Annexin A2 were identified as the main T cell targets. Finally, Vimentin reactive T cells were also found in the urine of three patients with active disease. Overall, our experiments show that antigen-specific CD4+ T cells targeting renally expressed antigens arise in human lupus nephritis and correlate with disease activity and are mainly of the Th1 subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Tesch
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimas Abdirama
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophie Grießbach
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Antonia Brand
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Goerlich
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Y Humrich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel and Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. .,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Ghislat G, Rahman T, Ballester PJ. Identification and Validation of Carbonic Anhydrase II as the First Target of the Anti-Inflammatory Drug Actarit. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111570. [PMID: 33227945 PMCID: PMC7699199 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Identifying the macromolecular targets of drug molecules is a fundamental aspect of drug discovery and pharmacology. Several drugs remain without known targets (orphan) despite large-scale in silico and in vitro target prediction efforts. Ligand-centric chemical-similarity-based methods for in silico target prediction have been found to be particularly powerful, but the question remains of whether they are able to discover targets for target-orphan drugs. Experimental Approach: We used one of these in silico methods to carry out a target prediction analysis for two orphan drugs: actarit and malotilate. The top target predicted for each drug was carbonic anhydrase II (CAII). Each drug was therefore quantitatively evaluated for CAII inhibition to validate these two prospective predictions. Key Results: Actarit showed in vitro concentration-dependent inhibition of CAII activity with submicromolar potency (IC50 = 422 nM) whilst no consistent inhibition was observed for malotilate. Among the other 25 targets predicted for actarit, RORγ (RAR-related orphan receptor-gamma) is promising in that it is strongly related to actarit’s indication, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Conclusion and Implications: This study is a proof-of-concept of the utility of MolTarPred for the fast and cost-effective identification of targets of orphan drugs. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of actarit as an anti-RA agent can now be re-examined from a CAII-inhibitor perspective, given existing relationships between this target and RA. Moreover, the confirmed CAII-actarit association supports investigating the repositioning of actarit on other CAII-linked indications (e.g., hypertension, epilepsy, migraine, anemia and bone, eye and cardiac disorders).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghita Ghislat
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, F-13288 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK;
| | - Pedro J. Ballester
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, F-13009 Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, F-13009 Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, F-13009 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, F-13284 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (P.J.B.)
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14
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Mishra CB, Tiwari M, Supuran CT. Progress in the development of human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their pharmacological applications: Where are we today? Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2485-2565. [PMID: 32691504 DOI: 10.1002/med.21713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are widely distributed metalloenzymes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They efficiently catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and H+ ions and play a crucial role in regulating many physiological processes. CAs are well-studied drug target for various disorders such as glaucoma, epilepsy, sleep apnea, and high altitude sickness. In the past decades, a large category of diverse families of CA inhibitors (CAIs) have been developed and many of them showed effective inhibition toward specific isoforms, and effectiveness in pathological conditions in preclinical and clinical settings. The discovery of isoform-selective CAIs in the last decade led to diminished side effects associated with off-target isoforms inhibition. The many new classes of such compounds will be discussed in the review, together with strategies for their development. Pharmacological advances of the newly emerged CAIs in diseases not usually associated with CA inhibition (neuropathic pain, arthritis, cerebral ischemia, and cancer) will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra B Mishra
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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15
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Zhang J, Gao Y, Li Y, Teng D, Xue Y, Yan L, Yang J, Yang L, Yao Y, Ba J, Chen B, Du J, He L, Lai X, Teng X, Shi X, Li Y, Chi H, Liao E, Liu C, Liu L, Qin G, Qin Y, Quan H, Shi B, Sun H, Tang X, Tong N, Wang G, Zhang JA, Wang Y, Ye Z, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Zhu J, Zhu M, Teng W, Shan Z, Li J. The Presence of Serum TgAb Suggests Lower Risks for Glucose and Lipid Metabolic Disorders in Euthyroid General Population From a National Survey. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:139. [PMID: 32256451 PMCID: PMC7093715 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The expressions of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) are very common in the sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). The relationship between thyroid autoantibodies and the occurrence of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the correlation between the presence of serum TPOAb/TgAb and those metabolic disorders in euthyroid general population. Methods: The data of this study were derived from the Thyroid Disease, Iodine status, and Diabetes National epidemiological (TIDE) survey from all 31 provinces of mainland China. A total of 17,964 euthyroid subjects including 5,802 males (4,000 with TPOAb-TgAb- and 1,802 with TPOAb+/TgAb+) and 12,162 females (8,000 with TPOAb-TgAb- and 4,162 with TPOAb+/TgAb+) were enrolled in this study. The blood glucose and lipid levels were compared between individuals with TPOAb-TgAb- and those with TPOAb+TgAb-, TPOAb-TgAb+, TPOAb+TgAb+. Results: Both fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentration and the proportion of individuals with impaired FBG (IFG) showed the decreased trends in TPOAb-TgAb+ males as compared with TPOAb-TgAb- men. There were significantly lower FBG and higher HDL-C levels as well as tendencies toward decreased incidences of IGT and hypertriglyceridemia in TPOAb-TgAb+ females when compared with TPOAb-TgAb- women. Binary logistic regression analysis further showed that serum TgAb single positivity in males was an independent protective factor for IFG with an OR of 0.691 (95% CI, 0.503-0.949). For females, serum TgAb single positivity was an independent protective factor for hypertriglyceridemia with an OR of 0.859 (95% CI, 0.748-0.987). Trend test showed that with the increase of serum TgAb level, there were significant decreases in the prevalence of IFG among the men with TSH ≤ 2.5 mIU/L and that of hypertriglyceridemia in the women, especially among non-obese females. Conclusion: Serum TgAb single positivity may imply a reduced risk of IFG in euthyroid men and that of hypertriglyceridemia in euthyroid women. The mechanisms for the independent protective roles of TgAb await further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yiyang Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongze Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Yongli Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Jianming Ba
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianling Du
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lanjie He
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaochun Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyi Chi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Eryuan Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Research Center of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Libin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- Department of Endocrine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huibiao Quan
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-an Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Youmin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Weiping Teng
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Zhongyan Shan
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Jing Li ;
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16
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Bua S, Lucarini L, Micheli L, Menicatti M, Bartolucci G, Selleri S, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Masini E, Carta F, Gratteri P, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Bioisosteric Development of Multitarget Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Carbonic Anhydrases Inhibitor Hybrids for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2325-2342. [PMID: 31689108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multitarget nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) agents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis are reported. The evidence of the plasma stability of the amide-linked hybrids previously reported prompted us to investigate their pain-relieving mechanism of action. A bioisosteric amide to ester substitution yielded a series of derivatives showing potent target CAs inhibition and to undergo cleavage in rat or human plasma depending on the NSAID portion. A selection of derivatives were assayed in vitro to indirectly evaluate their effect on COX-1 and COX-2. MD simulations demonstrated that the entire hybrids are also able to efficiently bind the COX active site. In a rat model of RA, the most promising derivative (5c) showed major antihyperalgesic action compared with the equimolar coadministration of the single agents. The gathered data provided new insights on the action mechanism of these multitarget compounds, which induce markedly improved pain relief compared with the parent NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bua
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lucarini
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Menicatti
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Selleri
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is more effective in suppressing cytokine-induced catabolism in cartilage-synovium co-culture than in cartilage monoculture. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:238. [PMID: 31722745 PMCID: PMC6854651 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most in vitro studies of potential osteoarthritis (OA) therapies have used cartilage monocultures, even though synovium is a key player in mediating joint inflammation and, thereby, cartilage degeneration. In the case of interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibition using its receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), like chondrocytes, synoviocytes also express IL-1 receptors that influence intra-articular IL-1 signaling and IL-1Ra efficacy. The short residence time of IL-1Ra after intra-articular injection requires the application of frequent dosing, which is clinically impractical and comes with increased risk of infection; these limitations motivate the development of effective drug delivery strategies that can maintain sustained intra-articular IL-1Ra concentrations with only a single injection. The goals of this study were to assess how the presence of synovium in IL-1-challenged cartilage-synovium co-culture impacts the time-dependent biological response of single and sustained doses of IL-1Ra, and to understand the mechanisms underlying any co-culture effects. Methods Bovine cartilage explants with or without synovium were treated with IL-1α followed by single or multiple doses of IL-1Ra. Effects of IL-1Ra in rescuing IL-1α-induced catabolism in cartilage monoculture and cartilage-synovium co-culture were assessed by measuring loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen using DMMB (dimethyl-methylene blue) and hydroxyproline assays, respectively, nitric oxide (NO) release using Griess assay, cell viability by fluorescence staining, metabolic activity using Alamar blue, and proteoglycan biosynthesis by radiolabel incorporation. Day 2 conditioned media from mono and co-cultures were analyzed by mass spectrometry and cytokine array to identify proteins unique to co-culture that contribute to biological crosstalk. Results A single dose of IL-1Ra was ineffective, and a sustained dose was necessary to significantly suppress IL-1α-induced catabolism as observed by enhanced suppression of GAG and collagen loss, NO synthesis, rescue of chondrocyte metabolism, viability, and GAG biosynthesis rates. The synovium exhibited a protective role as the effects of single-dose IL-1Ra were significantly enhanced in cartilage-synovium co-culture and were accompanied by release of anti-catabolic factors IL-4, carbonic anhydrase-3, and matrilin-3. A total of 26 unique proteins were identified in conditioned media from co-cultures, while expression levels of many additional proteins important to cartilage homeostasis were altered in co-culture compared to monocultures; principal component analysis revealed distinct clustering between co-culture and cartilage and synovium monocultures, thereby confirming significant crosstalk. Conclusions IL-1Ra suppresses cytokine-induced catabolism in cartilage more effectively in the presence of synovium, which was associated with endogenous production of anti-catabolic factors. Biological crosstalk between cartilage and synovium is significant; thus, their co-cultures should better model the intra-articular actions of potential OA therapeutics. Additionally, chondroprotective effects of IL-1Ra require sustained drug levels, underscoring the need for developing drug delivery strategies to enhance its joint residence time following a single intra-articular injection.
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Reduced expression of carbonic anhydrase III in skeletal muscles could be linked to muscle fatigue: A rat muscle fatigue model. J Orthop Translat 2019; 22:116-123. [PMID: 32440507 PMCID: PMC7231961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) is expressed abundantly in slow skeletal muscles, adipocytes, and the liver. It plays a critical role in maintaining intracellular pH, antioxidation, and energy metabolism, which are further involved in fatigue. However, its function and mechanism in maintaining the physiological function of muscles or antifatigue are still ambiguous. We hypothesized that changes of CAIII in skeletal muscles might be related to the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Method After establishing a rat soleus muscle fatigue model, we measured the protein expression of the CAIII in muscles. And the muscle intracellular biochemical indices [malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and lactic acid] were also measured using assay kits. After transfected by CAIII-overexpressing and knockdown lentiviral vectors, the rat soleus muscles were induced to fatigue to investigate the effects and possible molecular mechanisms of CAIII in antifatigue. Results The expression of CAIII in fatigued soleus muscles was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group (P < 0.001). Moreover, the ATP level in the fatigued muscle also significantly decreased, whereas lactic acid and MDA levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001). After posttransfection for 21 days, CAIII levels in muscles were significantly reduced in the CAIII-interfering lentivirus group, but increased in the CAIII-overexpressed lentivirus group (P < 0.001). In addition, CAIII knockdown muscles showed more reduction of the maximal muscle force and ATP levels and more increase of MDA and lactic acid levels during the fatigue test than the control group, (P < 0.05). On the other hand, CAIII-overexpressed muscles showed less reduction of the maximal muscle force and ATP levels and less increase of MDA and lactic acid levels during muscle fatigue than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our study showed that soleus muscle fatigue induced by electrical stimulation could result in downregulation of CAIII and ATP levels and accumulation of lactic acid and MDA. Further study showed that CAIII knockdown led to more reduction of the maximal muscle force, whereas CAIII overexpression showed less reduction of the maximal muscle force, which suggested that CAIII levels in muscles might be related to the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Translational potential CAIII plays an important role in muscle fatigue. Up-regulating the expression of CAIII might contribute to dissipating fatigue, which would provide a new method to solve the difficulties in eliminating muscular fatigue.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- CAIII, carbonic anhydrase III
- CAs, carbonic anhydrases
- Carbonic anhydrase III
- Ct, threshold cycle
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Muscle fatigue
- NS, saline injection group
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PBST, PBS with Tween 20
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- RIPA, radioimmunoprecipitation assay
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SD, Sprague Dawley
- SDS–PAGE gel, sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- Soleus muscle
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Berrino E, Milazzo L, Micheli L, Vullo D, Angeli A, Bozdag M, Nocentini A, Menicatti M, Bartolucci G, di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Supuran CT, Carta F. Synthesis and Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Carbon Monoxide Releasing Properties for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7233-7249. [PMID: 31287314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas endogenously produced in humans, reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects at low concentration. In this context, CO releasing molecules (CORMs) are attracting enormous interest. Herein, we report a series of small-molecule hybrids consisting of a carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitor linked to a CORM tail section (CAI-CORMs). All compounds were screened in vitro for their inhibition activity against the human (h) CA I, II, IV, IX, and XII isoforms. On selected CAI-CORM hybrids, the CO releasing properties were evaluated, along with their pain-relieving effect, in a model of rheumatoid arthritis. One CAI-CORM hybrid (5b) induced a higher pain-relieving effect compared to the one exerted by the single administration of CAI (5a) and CORM (15b) fragments, shedding light on the possibility to enhance the pain relief effect of CA inhibitors inserting a CO releasing moiety on the same molecular scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Berrino
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Lisa Milazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" , Università di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section , University of Florence , Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" , Università di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3-13 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Murat Bozdag
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Marta Menicatti
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Lorenzo di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section , University of Florence , Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section , University of Florence , Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Deptarment, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
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Pain Relieving Effect of-NSAIDs-CAIs Hybrid Molecules: Systemic and Intra-Articular Treatments against Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081923. [PMID: 31003542 PMCID: PMC6514875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To study new target-oriented molecules that are active against rheumatoid arthritis-dependent pain, new dual inhibitors incorporating both a carbonic anhydrase (CA)-binding moiety and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (NSAID) were tested in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis induced by CFA intra-articular (i.a.) injection. A comparison between a repeated per os treatment and a single i.a. injection was performed. CFA (50 µL) was injected in the tibiotarsal joint, and the effect of per os repeated treatment (1 mg kg−1) or single i.a injection (1 mg mL−1, 50 µL) with NSAIDs-CAIs hybrid molecules, named 4 and 5, was evaluated. The molecules 4 and 5, which were administered daily for 14 days, significantly prevented CFA-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical noxious (Paw pressure test) and non-noxious stimuli (von Frey test), the postural unbalance related to spontaneous pain (Incapacitance test) and motor alterations (Beam balance test). Moreover, to study a possible localized activity, 4 and 5 were formulated in liposomes (lipo 4 and lipo 5, both 1 mg mL−1) and directly administered by a single i.a. injection seven days after CFA injection. Lipo 5 decreased the mechanical hypersensitivity to noxious and non-noxious stimuli and improved motor coordination. Oral and i.a. treatments did not rescue the joint, as shown by the histological analysis. This new class of potent molecules, which is able to inhibit at the same time CA and cyclooxygenase, shows high activity in a preclinical condition of rheumatoid arthritis, strongly suggesting a novel attractive pharmacodynamic profile.
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Menicatti M, Pallecchi M, Bua S, Vullo D, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Carta F, Supuran CT, Bartolucci G. Resolution of co-eluting isomers of anti-inflammatory drugs conjugated to carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from plasma in liquid chromatography by energy-resolved tandem mass spectrometry. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:671-679. [PMID: 29536775 PMCID: PMC6010112 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1445737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a faulty autoimmune response. Recently, it was reported that some human carbonic anhydrases (CAs) isoforms are overexpressed in inflamed synovium of RA patients. New CA inhibitors (CAIs) incorporating CA-binding moiety and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor tail (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID] type) were studied. The aim of this work is the evaluation of the chemical stability of NSAID - CAI hybrids towards spontaneous or enzymatic hydrolysis by LC-MS/MS. The analytes are isomer pairs of 6- or 7-hydroxycoumarin, their different fragment ions abundances allowed the development of a mathematical tool (LEDA) to distinguish them. LEDA reliability at ng mL-1 level was checked (>90%), being proved the effectiveness in the correct assignment of the isomer present in the sample. The hybrids resulted stable in all tested matrices allowing us to conclude that these compounds reach the target tissues unmodified, opening perspectives for their development in the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Menicatti
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pallecchi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Bua
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Carla Ghelardini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Nocentini A, Bonardi A, Gratteri P, Cerra B, Gioiello A, Supuran CT. Steroids interfere with human carbonic anhydrase activity by using alternative binding mechanisms. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1453-1459. [PMID: 30221552 PMCID: PMC7011995 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1512597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids have been shown to inhibit human (h) carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) along the gastrointestinal tract, including hCA II. The elucidation of the hormonal inhibition mechanism of the bile acid cholate to hCA II was provided in 2014 by X-ray crystallography. Herein, we extend the inhibition study to a wealth of steroids against four relevant hCA isoforms. Steroids displaying pendants and functional groups of the carboxylate, phenolic or sulfonate types appended at the tetracyclic ring were shown to inhibit the cytosolic CA II and the tumor-associated, transmembrane CA IX in a medium micromolar range (38.9–89.9 µM). Docking studies displayed the different chemotypes CA inhibition mechanisms. Molecular dynamics (MD) gave insights on the stability over time of hyocholic acid binding to CA II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- a Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR , University of Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy.,b Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Florence , Firenze , Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- a Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR , University of Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy.,b Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Florence , Firenze , Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- a Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR , University of Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Bruno Cerra
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Antimo Gioiello
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Florence , Firenze , Italy
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Biophysical, Biochemical, and Cell Based Approaches Used to Decipher the Role of Carbonic Anhydrases in Cancer and to Evaluate the Potency of Targeted Inhibitors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:2906519. [PMID: 30112206 PMCID: PMC6077552 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2906519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are thought to be important for regulating pH in the tumor microenvironment. A few of the CA isoforms are upregulated in cancer cells, with only limited expression in normal cells. For these reasons, there is interest in developing inhibitors that target these tumor-associated CA isoforms, with increased efficacy but limited nonspecific cytotoxicity. Here we present some of the biophysical, biochemical, and cell based techniques and approaches that can be used to evaluate the potency of CA targeted inhibitors and decipher the role of CAs in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and metastatic processes. These techniques include esterase activity assays, stop flow kinetics, and mass inlet mass spectroscopy (MIMS), all of which measure enzymatic activity of purified protein, in the presence or absence of inhibitors. Also discussed is the application of X-ray crystallography and Cryo-EM as well as other structure-based techniques and thermal shift assays to the studies of CA structure and function. Further, large-scale genomic and proteomic analytical methods, as well as cell based techniques like those that measure cell growth, apoptosis, clonogenicity, and cell migration and invasion, are discussed. We conclude by reviewing approaches that test the metastatic potential of CAs and how the aforementioned techniques have contributed to the field of CA cancer research.
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Akgul O, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Vullo D, Angeli A, Ghelardini C, Bartolucci G, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT, Carta F. Discovery of Novel Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Hybrids (NSAIDs-CAIs) for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4961-4977. [PMID: 29746127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the design as well as the synthesis of a new series of dual hybrid compounds consisting of the therapeutically used nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; i.e., indometacin, sulindac, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac, etc., cyclooxygenase inhibitors) and the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAIs) fragments of the sulfonamide type. Such compounds are proposed as new tools for the management of ache symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and related inflammation diseases. The majority of the hybrids reported were effective in inhibiting the ubiquitous human (h) CA I and II as well as the RA overexpressed hCAs IX and XII isoforms, with KI values comprised of the low-medium nanomolar ranges. The antihyperalgesic activity of selected compounds was assessed by means of the paw-pressure and incapacitance tests using an in vivo RA model, and among them the hybrids 6B and 8B showed potent antinociceptive effects lasting up to 60 min after administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Akgul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ege University Bornova, İzmir , Turkey 35100.,NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience , Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , University of Florence, Polo Scientifico , Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience , Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Abdulmalik Saleh Alfawaz Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173, Alkharj 11942 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , University of Florence, Polo Scientifico , Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
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Bua S, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Vullo D, Ghelardini C, Bartolucci G, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT, Carta F. Design and Synthesis of Novel Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Hybrids (NSAIDs-CAIs) for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1159-1170. [PMID: 28075587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a series of hybrid compounds incorporating 6- and 7-substituted coumarins (carbonic anhydrase, CA inhibitors) derivatized with clinically used NSAIDs (indomethacin, sulindac, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac, etc., cyclooxygenase inhibitors) as agents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Most compounds were effective in inhibiting the RA overexpressed hCA IX and XII, with KI values in the low nanomolar-subnanomolar ranges. The antihyperalgesic activity of such compounds was assessed by means of the paw-pressure and incapacitance tests using an in vivo RA model. Among all tested compounds, the 7-coumarine hybrid with ibuprofen showed potent and persistent antihyperalgesic effect up to 60 min after administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bua
- NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence , 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, University of Florence , Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence , 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, University of Florence , Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence , Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Wu DJ, Gu R, Sarin R, Zavodovskaya R, Chen CP, Christiansen BA, Zarbalis KS, Adamopoulos IE. Autophagy-linked FYVE containing protein WDFY3 interacts with TRAF6 and modulates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. J Autoimmun 2016; 73:73-84. [PMID: 27330028 PMCID: PMC5003737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, autophagy-related proteins were shown to regulate osteoclast mediated bone resorption, a critical process in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, the role of autophagy-linked FYVE containing protein, WDFY3, in osteoclast biology remains elusive. WDFY3 is a master regulator in selective autophagy for clearing ubiquitinated protein aggregates and has been linked with rheumatoid arthritis. Herein, we used a series of WDFY3 transgenic mice (Wdfy3(lacZ) and Wdfy3(loxP)) to investigate the function of WDFY3 in osteoclast development and function. Our data demonstrate that WDFY3 is highly expressed at the growth plate of neonatal mice and is expressed in osteoclasts in vitro cultures. Osteoclasts derived from WDFY3 conditional knockout mice (Wdfy3(loxP/loxP)-LysM-Cre(+)) demonstrated increased osteoclast differentiation as evidenced by higher number and enlarged size of TRAP(+) multinucleated cells. Western blot analysis also revealed up-regulation of TRAF6 and an increase in RANKL-induced NF-κB signaling in WDFY3-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages compared to wild type cultures. Consistent with these observations WDFY3-deficient cells also demonstrated an increase in osteoclast-related genes Ctsk, Acp5, Mmp9 and an increase of dentine resorption in in vitro assays. Importantly, in vivo RANKL gene transfer exacerbated bone loss in WDFY3 conditional knockout mice, as evidenced by elevated serum TRAP, CTX-I and micro-CT analysis of distal femurs compared to wild type littermates. Taken together, our data highlight a novel role for WDFY3 in osteoclast development and function, which can be exploited for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J Wu
- Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Ran Gu
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Ritu Sarin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Regina Zavodovskaya
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Chia-Pei Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of California at Davis, United States
| | | | | | - Iannis E Adamopoulos
- Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, United States; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, United States.
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Margheri F, Ceruso M, Carta F, Laurenzana A, Maggi L, Lazzeri S, Simonini G, Annunziato F, Del Rosso M, Supuran CT, Cimaz R. Overexpression of the transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII in the inflamed synovium. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:60-63. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1217857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
| | | | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, and
| | - Simone Lazzeri
- Anna Meyer Children's Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Simonini
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
- Anna Meyer Children's Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, and
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
| | | | - Rolando Cimaz
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
- Anna Meyer Children's Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Barr T, Girke T, Sureshchandra S, Nguyen C, Grant K, Messaoudi I. Alcohol Consumption Modulates Host Defense in Rhesus Macaques by Altering Gene Expression in Circulating Leukocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:182-95. [PMID: 26621857 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate that chronic alcohol use disorder leads to increased susceptibility to several viral and bacterial infections, whereas moderate alcohol consumption decreases the incidence of colds and improves immune responses to some pathogens. In line with these observations, we recently showed that heavy ethanol intake (average blood ethanol concentrations > 80 mg/dl) suppressed, whereas moderate alcohol consumption (blood ethanol concentrations < 50 mg/dl) enhanced, T and B cell responses to modified vaccinia Ankara vaccination in a nonhuman primate model of voluntary ethanol consumption. To uncover the molecular basis for impaired immunity with heavy alcohol consumption and enhanced immune response with moderate alcohol consumption, we performed a transcriptome analysis using PBMCs isolated on day 7 post-modified vaccinia Ankara vaccination, the earliest time point at which we detected differences in T cell and Ab responses. Overall, chronic heavy alcohol consumption reduced the expression of immune genes involved in response to infection and wound healing and increased the expression of genes associated with the development of lung inflammatory disease and cancer. In contrast, chronic moderate alcohol consumption upregulated the expression of genes involved in immune response and reduced the expression of genes involved in cancer. To uncover mechanisms underlying the alterations in PBMC transcriptomes, we profiled the expression of microRNAs within the same samples. Chronic heavy ethanol consumption altered the levels of several microRNAs involved in cancer and immunity and known to regulate the expression of mRNAs differentially expressed in our data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Barr
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Thomas Girke
- Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521; and
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Christina Nguyen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Kathleen Grant
- Division of Neurosciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521;
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Araujo GR, Vaz ER, Fujimura PT, Fonseca JE, de Lima LM, Canhão H, Venturini G, Cardozo KHM, Carvalho VM, Napimoga MH, Goulart LR, Gonçalves J, Ueira-Vieira C. Improved serological detection of rheumatoid arthritis: a highly antigenic mimotope of carbonic anhydrase III selected in a murine model by phage display. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:168. [PMID: 26099944 PMCID: PMC4493817 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects around 1% of the human population worldwide. RA diagnosis can be difficult as there is no definitive test for its detection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify biomarkers that could be used for RA diagnosis. METHODS Sera from a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model were used to select potential biomarkers for RA diagnosis by phage display technology. In silico and in vitro analyses were performed to characterize and validate the selected peptides. Samples were classified into three groups: RA; two other immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS)); and healthy controls (HC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to determine antibody levels, and diagnostic parameters were determined by constructing receiver operating characteristic curves. Mass spectrometry and Western blot were performed to identify the putative autoantigen that was mimicked by a highly reactive mimotope. RESULTS After three rounds of selection, 14 clones were obtained and tested for immunoreactivity analysis against sera from RA and HC groups. The phage-fused peptide with the highest immunoreactivity (M12) was synthesized, and was able to efficiently discriminate RA patients from SLE, AS and HCs (p < 0.0001) by ELISA. The specificity and sensitivity of anti-M12 antibodies for RA diagnosis were 91 % and 84.3 %, respectively. The M12 peptide was identified as one that mimics a predicted antigenic site of the carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) protein, a ubiquitous biomarker that has been identified in patients with other diseases. CONCLUSION M12 is the first peptide associated with the CAIII protein that may be used as an antigen for antibody detection to aid in RA diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galber Rodrigues Araujo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Emília Rezende Vaz
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Tiemi Fujimura
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Rheumatology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Lucélia Maria de Lima
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Helena Canhão
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Rheumatology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gabriela Venturini
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - João Gonçalves
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
- IMM - Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Ueira-Vieira
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Carbonic anhydrase 4 and crystallin α-B immunoreactivity may distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules in patients with indeterminate thyroid cytology. J Surg Res 2014; 190:565-74. [PMID: 24880201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules are present in 19%-67% of the population and carry a 5%-10% risk of malignancy. Unfortunately, fine-needle aspiration biopsies are indeterminate in 20%-30% of patients, often necessitating thyroid surgery for diagnosis. Numerous DNA microarray studies including a recently commercialized molecular classifier have helped to better distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Unfortunately, these assays often require probes for >100 genes, are expensive, and only available at a few laboratories. We sought to validate these DNA microarray assays at the protein level and determine whether simple and widely available immunohistochemical biomarkers alone could distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules. METHODS A tissue microarray (TMA) composed of 26 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) and 53 follicular adenomas (FAs) from patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules was stained with 17 immunohistochemical biomarkers selected based on prior DNA microarray studies. Antibodies used included galectin 3, growth and differentiation factor 15, protein convertase 2, cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 1 (GOT1), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), Friedreich Ataxia gene (X123), fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13), carbonic anhydrase 4 (CA4), crystallin alpha-B (CRYAB), peptidylprolyl isomerase F (PPIF), asparagine synthase (ASNS), sodium channel, non-voltage gated, 1 alpha subunit (SCNN1A), frizzled homolog 1 (FZD1), tyrosine related protein 1 (TYRP1), E cadherin, type 1 (ECAD), and thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 220 (TRAP220). Of note, two of these biomarkers (GOT1 and CD44) are now used in the Afirma classifier assay. We chose to compare specifically FTC versus FA rather than include all histologic categories to create a more uniform immunohistochemical comparison. In addition, we have found that most papillary thyroid carcinoma could often be reasonably distinguished from benign disease by morphological cytology findings alone. RESULTS Increased immunoreactivity of CRYAB was associated with thyroid malignancy (c-statistic, 0.644; negative predictive value [NPV], 0.90) and loss of immunoreactivity of CA4 was also associated with malignancy (c-statistic, 0.715; NPV, 0.90) in indeterminate thyroid specimens. The combination of CA4 and CRYAB for discriminating FTC from FA resulted in a better c-statistic of 0.75, sensitivity of 0.76, specificity of 0.59, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.32, and NPV of 0.91. When comparing widely angioinvasive FTC from FA, the resultant c-statistic improved to 0.84, sensitivity of 0.75, specificity of 0.76, PPV of 0.11, and NPV of 0.99. CONCLUSIONS Loss of CA4 and increase in CRYAB immunoreactivity distinguish FTC from FA in indeterminate thyroid nodules on a thyroid TMA with an NPV of 91%. Further studies in preoperative patient fine needle aspiration (FNAs) are needed to validate these results.
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