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Brooks ER, Siriruchatanon M, Prabhu V, Charytan DM, Huang WC, Chen Y, Kang SK. Chronic kidney disease and risk of kidney or urothelial malignancy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:1023-1033. [PMID: 38037426 PMCID: PMC11139511 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent, affecting approximately 11% of US adults. Multiple studies have evaluated a potential association between CKD and urinary tract malignancies. Summary estimates of urinary tract malignancy risk in CKD patients with and without common co-existing conditions may guide clinical practice recommendations. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched for original cohort studies evaluating the association between CKD and urinary tract cancers (kidney cancer and urothelial carcinoma) through 25 May 2023, in persons with at least moderate CKD and no dialysis or kidney transplantation. Quality assessment was performed for studies meeting inclusion criteria using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed for unadjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) as well as adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for confounding conditions (diabetes, hypertension and/or tobacco use), shown to have association with kidney cancer and urothelial carcinoma. Sub-analysis was conducted for estimates associated with CKD stages separately. RESULTS Six cohort studies with 8 617 563 persons were included. Overall, the methodological quality of the studies was good. CKD was associated with both higher unadjusted incidence and adjusted hazard of kidney cancer (IRR 3.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.32-4.88; aHR 2.04, 95% CI 1.77-2.36) and urothelial cancer (IRR 3.96, 95% CI 2.44-6.40; aHR 1.35, 95% CI 1.22-1.50) compared with persons without CKD. Examining incident urinary tract cancers by CKD severity, risks were elevated in stage 3 CKD (kidney aHR 1.89, 95% CI 1.56-2.30; urothelial carcinoma aHR 1.35, 95% CI 1.20-1.52) as well as in stages 4/5 CKD (kidney cancer aHR 2.30, 95% CI 2.00-2.66; urothelial carcinoma aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.49). CONCLUSIONS Even moderate CKD is associated with elevated risk of kidney cancer and urothelial carcinoma. Providers should consider these elevated risks when managing individuals with CKD, particularly when considering evaluation for the presence and etiology of hematuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Brooks
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Vinay Prabhu
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David M Charytan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Huang
- Department of Urology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stella K Kang
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Grella R, Lanzano G, Faenza M, Ferraro G, Pieretti G. Parecoxib decreases cellular growth and Bcl-2 protein levels in primary cultures of keloid fibroblasts. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e13946. [PMID: 38477426 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Keloids seem to overexpress cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), suggesting a role in its deregulated pathway in inducing an altered epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, which may be responsible for the overgrowth of dermal components resulting in scars or keloid lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Parecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, on cell growth in fibroblast primary cultures obtained from human keloid tissues. Tissue explants were obtained from patients who underwent intralesional excision of untreated keloids; central fractions were isolated from keloid tissues and used for establishing distinct primary cultures. Appropriate aliquots of Parecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor were diluted to obtain the concentration used in the experimental protocols in vitro (1, 10 or 100 μM). Treatment with Parecoxib (at all concentrations) caused a significant decrease in cellular growth from 24 hours onwards, and with a maximum at 72 hours (P < .02). Moreover, at 72 hours Parecoxib significantly reduced cellular vitality. Parecoxib treatment also induced an increase in fragmented nuclei with a maximum effect at 100 μM and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 and an increase in activated caspase-3 protein levels at 72 hours compared with control untreated cultures. Our findings suggest a potential use of the COX-2 inhibitor, Parecoxib, as the therapy for keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Grella
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanzano
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Faenza
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gorizio Pieretti
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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3
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Angiogenesis plays a key role in bladder cancer (BC) pathogenesis. In the last two decades, an increasing number of publications depicting a multitude of novel angiogenic molecules and pathways have emerged. The growing complexity necessitates an evaluation of the breadth of current knowledge to highlight key findings and guide future research. RECENT FINDINGS Angiogenesis is a dynamic biologic process that is inherently difficult to assess. Clinical assessment of angiogenesis in BCs is advancing with the integration of image analysis systems and dynamic contrast-enhanced and magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the angiogenic process, and further research is needed to assess their potential as therapeutic targets. A rapidly growing list of non-coding RNAs affect angiogenesis in BCs, partly through modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activity. Vascular mimicry (VM) has been repeatedly associated with increased tumour aggressiveness in BCs. Standardised assays are needed for appropriate identification and quantification of VM channels. This article demonstrates the dynamic and complex nature of the angiogenic process and asserts the need for further studies to deepen our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Elayat
- Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ivan Punev
- Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Abdel Selim
- Histopathology Department, King’s Health Partners, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
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Huang X, Pan T, Yan L, Jin T, Zhang R, Chen B, Feng J, Duan T, Xiang Y, Zhang M, Chen X, Yang Z, Zhang W, Ding X, Xie T, Sui X. The inflammatory microenvironment and the urinary microbiome in the initiation and progression of bladder cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 8:781-797. [PMID: 34522708 PMCID: PMC8427242 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation may play a critical role in various malignancies, including bladder cancer. This hypothesis stems in part from inflammatory cells observed in the urethral microenvironment. Chronic inflammation may drive neoplastic transformation and the progression of bladder cancer by activating a series of inflammatory molecules and signals. Recently, it has been shown that the microbiome also plays an important role in the development and progression of bladder cancer, which can be mediated through the stimulation of chronic inflammation. In effect, the urinary microbiome can play a role in establishing the inflammatory urethral microenvironment that may facilitate the development and progression of bladder cancer. In other words, chronic inflammation caused by the urinary microbiome may promote the initiation and progression of bladder cancer. Here, we provide a detailed and comprehensive account of the link between chronic inflammation, the microbiome and bladder cancer. Finally, we highlight that targeting the urinary microbiome might enable the development of strategies for bladder cancer prevention and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Lili Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Ting Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Bi Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Ting Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Xiaying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Zuyi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Wenzheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
| | - Xinbing Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, PR China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
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5
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Laukhtina E, Pradere B, Mori K, Schuettfort VM, Quhal F, Mostafaei H, Sari Motlagh R, Aydh A, Moschini M, Enikeev D, Karakiewicz PI, Abufaraj M, Shariat SF. Prognostic blood-based biomarkers in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: A systematic review. Urol Oncol 2021; 39:471-479. [PMID: 33888424 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present systematic review aimed to identify prognostic values of blood-based biomarkers in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). MATERIAL AND METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in August 2020 according to the PRISMA statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared oncological outcomes in patients treated with NAC for UCB with and without pretreatment laboratory abnormalities. RESULTS Overall, ten studies, including 966 patients who underwent NAC, met our eligibility criteria. Six studies provided data on pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with contradicting results on its association with pathologic response (PR) and complete pathologic response (pCR); some studies reported a strong association between a high level of pretreatment NLR and worse survival outcomes. Two studies reported that higher pretreatment platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is associated with a lower likelihood of achieving PR and/or pCR, while lymphocyte count alone had the opposite association. One study reported a negative association between pretreatment blood-based myeloid-derived suppressors cells and pCR. Patients who experienced a remission have been reported to have higher level of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD57+ cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+) compared to those who had progression. One study found that low pretreatment blood-based human chorionic gonadotrophin b subunit (hCGβ) was associated with improved overall survival (OS). High levels of epithelial tumor markers (CA-125, CA 19-9) were also associated with worse OS and recurrence-free survival in the NAC setting. CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests that several readily available, easy measurable blood-based biomarkers hold promise to improve our selection of UCB patients who are likely benefit from NAC. However, their role as an adjunct to established histopathologic characteristics for clinical decision-making requires further validation along the biomarker phased approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdulmajeed Aydh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, King Faisal Medical City, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Department of Urology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France; Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY,; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Schuettfort VM, Pradere B, Trinh QD, D'Andrea D, Quhal F, Mostafaei H, Laukhtina E, Mori K, Sari Motlagh R, Rink M, Karakiewicz PI, Chlosta P, Yuen-Chun Teoh J, Lotan Y, Scherr D, Abufaraj M, Moschini M, Shariat SF. Impact of preoperative plasma levels of interleukin 6 and interleukin 6 soluble receptor on disease outcomes after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:85-95. [PMID: 34023914 PMCID: PMC8739157 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Preoperative plasma levels of Interleukin 6 (IL6) and its soluble receptor (IL6sR) have previously been associated with oncologic outcomes in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB); however, external validation in patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for UCB is missing. Patients/methods We prospectively collected preoperative plasma from 1,036 consecutive patients at two institutes. These plasma specimens were assessed for levels of IL6 and IL6sR. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the correlation of plasma levels with pathologic and survival outcomes. The additional clinical net benefits of preoperative IL6 and IL6sR were evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Median IL6 and IL6sR plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with adverse pathologic features. Elevated biomarker levels were independently associated with an increased risk for lymph node metastasis and ≥ pT3 disease. Both biomarkers were independently associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). The addition to, respectively, fitted pre- and postoperative prognostic models improved the predictive accuracy for lymph node metastasis, ≥ pT3 disease, RFS and CSS on DCA. Interpretation We confirmed that elevated preoperative plasma levels of IL6 and IL6sR levels are associated with worse oncological disease survival in patients treated with RC for UCB in a large multicenter study. Both biomarkers hold potential in identifying patients with adverse pathological features that may benefit from intensified/multimodal therapy and warrant inclusion into predictive/prognostic models. They demonstrated the ability to improve the discriminatory power of such models and thus guide clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Division of Urological Surgery and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David D'Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Piotr Chlosta
- Department of Urology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas Scherr
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.,Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USA. .,Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. .,Department of Urology, Hospital Motol, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic. .,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria. .,European Association of Urology Research Foundation, Arnhem, Netherlands.
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7
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Rs-10889677 variant in interleukin-23 receptor may contribute to creating an inflammatory milieu more susceptible to bladder tumourigenesis: report and meta-analysis. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:207-226. [PMID: 33665735 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLC) is a recurrent high-risk malignancy typified by an inherent localised chronic inflammation. IL-23-receptor (IL-23R), as a positive regulator in the priming of T helper-17 cells, is regarded a principal coordinator of inflammation-propelled neoplasia. In this article, we indented firstly to scrutinise the influence of rs10889677"A/C" SNP located in IL-23R-gene on BLC development and progression among Egyptians. Findings revealed that the rs10889677"C" allele was significantly associated with the increased BLC risk and its higher frequencies were plainly noticeable in high-grade and invasive tumours when applied the dominant/homozygous/allelic genetic models. Under the same genetic models, elevated serum levels of IL-23R protein in BLC patients were pertinently correlated with the rs10889677"A/C" polymorphism. As a corollary, the frequent up-regulation of IL-23R exerts a subsequent activation of the IL-23/17 inflammatory axis. That is experienced as a drastic increase in IL-23 and IL17 levels under the dominant/homozygous/heterozygous/recessive models. Second, study further described how the rs10889677 variant confers its pro-tumoural influences on IL-23R-bearing immune cells, involving tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), natural killers (NKs) and CD4+ T-helper cells. When the dominant model was adopted, it was observed that patients bearing the rs10889677 "C" allele had lower counts of IL-23R-positive CD56+NKs and CD4+ T-cells, in tandem with higher levels of IL-23R-positive CD14+ TAMs compared with those with rs10889677 "A" allele. To entrench the idea, we did a meta-analysis on BLC patients from three different ethnicities (Asian, Caucasians and African). We observed that rs10889677"SNP" is significantly correlated with increased risk of BLCs in the overall population using over-dominant model. Consequently, authors suggested that the rs10889677 variant could be directly implicated in developing inflammatory environment more prone to generating malignancy.
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8
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Zangouei AS, Hamidi AA, Rahimi HR, Saburi E, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Chemokines as the critical factors during bladder cancer progression: an overview. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 40:344-358. [PMID: 33591855 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1877287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most frequent urogenital malignancies which is mainly observed among men. There are various genetic and environmental risk factors associated with BCa progression. Transurethral endoscopic resection and open ablative surgery are the main treatment options for muscle invasive BCa. BCG therapy is also employed following the endoscopic resection to prevent tumor relapse. The tumor microenvironment is the main interaction site of tumor cells and immune system in which the immune cells are recruited via chemokines and chemokine receptors. In present review we summarized the main chemokines and chemokine receptors which have been associated with histopathological features of BCa patients in the world. This review highlights the chemokines and chemokine receptors as critical markers in early detection and therapeutic purposes among BCa patients and clarifies their molecular functions during BCa progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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9
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Zhou Q, Jin P, Liu J, Li S, Liu W, Xi S. HER2 overexpression triggers the IL-8 to promote arsenic-induced EMT and stem cell-like phenotypes in human bladder epithelial cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111693. [PMID: 33396024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a natural chemical element that is strongly associated with bladder cancer. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind the association between arsenic and bladder cancer as well as identifying effective preventive interventions will help reduce the incidence and mortality of this disease. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties play key roles in cancer development and progression. Here, we reported that chronic exposure to arsenic resulted in EMT and increased levels of the CSC marker CD44 in human uroepithelial cells. Furthermore, IL-8 promoted a mesenchymal phenotype and upregulated CD44 by activating the ERK, AKT and STAT3 signaling. Phosphorylation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was key for arsenic-induced IL-8 overexpression and depended on the simultaneous activation of the MAPK, JNK, PI3K/AKT and GSK3β signaling pathways. We also found that genistein inhibited arsenic-induced HER2 phosphorylation and downregulated its downstream signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting progression of EMT, and reducing CD44 expression levels. These results demonstrate that the HER2/IL-8 axis is related to the acquisition of an EMT phenotype and CSCs in arsenic-treated cells. The inhibitory effects of genistein on EMT and CSCs provide a new perspective for the intervention and potential chemotherapy against arsenic-induced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Peiyu Jin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Sihao Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Weijue Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Shuhua Xi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Arsenic Biological Effect and Poisoning, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, PR China.
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10
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Chen RJ, Wang YJ. Pterostilbene and cancer chemoprevention. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Blood Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Correlate with Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Overall Survival in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma. Target Oncol 2020; 15:211-220. [PMID: 32207064 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-020-00707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were linked to pathologic stage in bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC). Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker with a prognostic role in metastatic (m)UC. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that MDSC levels correlate with NLR and overall survival (OS) in mUC. PATIENTS AND METHODS MDSCs were measured in blood samples from patients with mUC in fresh unfractionated whole blood (WB) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by flow cytometry and defined as LinloCD33+/HLADR- (Total MDSC). MDSC subsets were defined as polymorphonuclear (PMN-MDSC: CD15+/CD14-), monocytic (M-MDSC: CD15-/CD14+), and uncommitted (UNC-MDSC: CD15-/CD14-). MDSC populations were presented as a percentage of live nucleated blood cells. Spearman's rank correlation assessed correlations between MDSC and NLR. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test estimated OS from the time of MDSC collection to last follow-up or date of death. RESULTS Of the 76 patients, 78% were men and 43% were never smokers with a median age of 69 years (range 31-83); 72% had pure UC and 76% had lower tract UC. Prior therapies included intravesical therapy (22%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (30%), cystectomy or nephroureterectomy (55%). Median follow-up for all patients was 12 months (0.6-36.5). PMN-MDSC was the predominant subset in WB and PBMC. There was significant correlation between individual MDSC subsets in WB and PBMC (p ≤ 0.001). Both WB UNC-MDSC/PMN-MDSC ratios (rho = - 0.27, p = 0.03) and PBMC UNC-MDSC/PMN-MDSC (rho = - 0.28, p = 0.02) were negatively correlated with NLR. Median OS was 17.7 months (95% CI: 11.0-NE). Overall 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 0.60 (95% CI 0.49-0.73) and 0.15 (95% CI 0.03-0.67), respectively. Higher WB UNC-MDSC levels (HR 3.78, p = 0.0022) and higher NLR (HR 2.6, p = 0.0179) were associated with shorter OS. CONCLUSIONS Specific MDSC subsets correlate with NLR. Higher WB UNC-MDSC levels and higher NLR were negative prognostic factors. Given the feasibility of serial blood draws, dynamic assessment of MDSC over time and further validation with longer follow-up are warranted.
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12
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El-Gedamy M, El-Khayat Z, Abol-Enein H, El-Said A, El-Nahrery E. Rs-1884444 G/T variant in IL-23 receptor is likely to modify risk of bladder urothelial carcinoma by regulating IL-23/IL-17 inflammatory pathway. Cytokine 2020; 138:155355. [PMID: 33187815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) is a chronic relapsing urological malignancy, which poses a serious threat to human life. Non-resolving chronic-inflammation at the neoplastic site is associated consistently with inducing tumor-progression and poor patient outcomes. Interleukin 23 receptor (IL-23R) is a key element in T-helper 17 cell-mediated inflammatory process, that plays a critical role in orchestrating tumor-promoting inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that potentially functional genetic variant rs1884444 G/T of IL-23R may modify BUC risk. To validate this hypothesis, our findings demonstrated that the rs1884444 G/T variant was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BUC compared to controls observed under allelic (T vs. G) and dominant (GT + TT vs. GG) models (P < 0.05). In addition, the frequency of the T-allele has dropped to very low values in the case of high-grades and invasive-tumors (P < 0.05). Thus, T-allele has emerged as a reliable genetic marker for good prognosis of BUC. In tumorgenesis, the binding-affinity of the receptor seemed to be distorted by the effect of the non-conservative G/T variation, which in turn caused the IL-23/IL-17 pathway to be disabled. This was recognized by low levels of IL-23 and IL-17 in the serum of patients, under the influence of all the tested genetic models (P < 0.01). Results also indicated that the level of the receptor-bearing immune cells could be altered in response to the G/T protective effect. For example, the median counts of T-helper CD4+ cells and CD56+ natural killers increased significantly in conjunction with the decrease in the median count of CD14+ tumor-associated-macrophages under the dominant model. Nevertheless, the causative link between this subtle polymorphism and the immune-surveillance against BUC needs further in-depth investigation. Overall, we concluded that the rs-1884444 G/T variant is highly-associated with a reduction in the BUC risk, which may occur via deregulation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El-Gedamy
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry branch), Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Zakaria El-Khayat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan Abol-Enein
- Division of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Afaf El-Said
- Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Eslam El-Nahrery
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry branch), Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
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13
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Luo J, Xu X. Dietary fiber intake and the risk of bladder cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:478-482. [PMID: 31872237 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber intake has been implicated as a protective factor for several human cancers in multiple epidemiologic studies. However, little is known about the effect of fiber intake on bladder cancer. This study examines the association between dietary fiber intake and bladder cancer risk among participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. A total of 101 721 participants were included in this study as they completed both the baseline questionnaire and the diet history questionnaire (cancer free before completion of the diet history questionnaire). Hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. After a median of 12.5 years of follow-up, 776 new cases of bladder cancer were identified. Higher intake of total fiber, insoluble fiber and soluble fiber were not significantly associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer. The multi-adjusted HRs (95 CIs) of highest versus lowest tertile of intake were 0.83 (0.66-1.04) for total fiber (P for trend = 0.098), 0.83 (95% CI: 0.67-1.03) for insoluble fiber (P for trend = 0.092) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.68-1.08) for soluble fiber (P for trend = 0.168), respectively. There was no significant interaction of potential confounders, including education, body mass index and smoking status, with total fiber intake on bladder cancer risk. In summary, the findings of this prospective study show that there is no obvious evidence for a link between dietary fiber consumption and bladder cancer risk. Further large cohort studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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HMGN5 promotes IL-6-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer by interacting with Hsp27. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7282-7298. [PMID: 32315283 PMCID: PMC7202510 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high rate of recurrence and poor outcomes. High-mobility group nucleosome-binding domain 5 (HMGN5) is overexpressed in many cancers and could cause carcinogenesis in BC. By protein-protein-interaction (PPI) analysis, we found that heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), also a crucial functional factor in BC carcinogenesis, is significantly related to HMGN5. Hsp27 is required for IL-6-mediated EMT via STAT3/Twist signaling in prostate cancer. Here, we hypothesize that HMGN5 may interact with Hsp27 to affect IL-6-induced EMT and invasion in BC via STAT3 signaling. In the present study, we found that HMGN5 and Hsp27 are highly expressed in BC tissues and positively correlated with each other. HMGN5 interacts with Hsp27 in vitro, to modulate the cell invasion and EMT in BC. Moreover, HMGN5 could modulate IL-6-Hsp27-induced EMT and invasion in BC cells by regulating STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 targeting of the Twist promoter. HMGN5 interacts with Hsp27 to promote tumor growth in a human BC xenograft model in nude mice. In summary, HMGN5 interacts with Hsp27 to promote IL-6-induced EMT, therefore promoting invasion in BC and contributing to the progression of BC.
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15
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Özcan Y, Çağlar F, Celik S, Demir AB, Erçetin AP, Altun Z, Aktas S. The role of cancer stem cells in immunotherapy for bladder cancer: An in vitro study. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:476-487. [PMID: 32192892 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bladder cancer is characterized by frequent recurrence and progression. CD44+ cancer stem cells (CSCs) might be one of the main reasons for recurrence. Although Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) has become a gold standard immunotherapy, after treatment recurrence frequently occur. Based on this knowledge, the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in cytokine and chemokine expressions in bladder cancer and CSCs cultures in vitro with BCG only and in combination with IL2 and lymphocyte (MNCs) applications. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 3 cell lines of human bladder cancer cells with different characteristics (T24, 5637, and JMSU-1) and CD44+ bladder CSCs isolated by magnetic bead isolation (Miltenyl Magtech) were used. Bladder cancer cell lines and bladder CSCs in complete medium were cultured under humidified conditions of 37°C temperature in 5% CO2. BCG only and its combination with IL2 and MNCs were applied to bladder cancer cell lines and bladder CSCs for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Annexin V-PI was used to detect the percentages of apoptotic and necrotic cells in treatment groups and control groups. After treatments, total RNAs were isolated and converted to cDNA for each group and controls. Quantitative fold changes in terms of gene expression were measured by RT2-PCR array and fold changes for expression levels of genes were compared among groups. Eighty-four genes were analyzed in standard array of chemokines and cytokines (Biorad). RESULTS BCG treatment with 7.32 µg/ml dose alone and in combination with IL2 (1000 IU/ml) and MNCs (1000 cells/ml) were found to be most effective on bladder cancer cells. When BCG and its combinations were applied to CSCs of the 3 cell lines, BCG treatment showed cytotoxic effect on CSCs as well as cancer cells. CSCs of 3 cell lines over expressed CXCL5, CCL8, CNTF, and CSF2 compared with cancer cells. Cancer cells over expressed IL6, TNSFF11, FASLG, and CXCL9 compared with CSCs. In all 3 cell lines, BCG application increased expression of CXCL5 and LTB and also decreased CCL20 and IL6. When BCG was combined with IL2 and MNCs, CXCL10, CXCL5, and IFNG were increased and CXCL12, IL6, and TNSF11 were decreased. BCG treatment of CSCs caused increases in ADIPOQ, CXCL10, and XCL1 and a decrease in CCL8. When IL2 and MNCs were combined with BCG, the expression of many cytokines and chemokines decreased. CONCLUSION BCG treatment changes the expression of many cytokines and chemokines in bladder cancer. The expression differs in 3 different cell lines and their CSCs. Immune modulation of each case differs from each other. The effectivity of BCG-based immunotherapy in bladder cancer on CSCs might decrease in combination with IL2. Our results indicate that recurrence after BCG treatment for bladder cancer may not occur mainly based on the CSCs hypothesis considering bladder cancer occurs at different loci of surface epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegane Özcan
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fulya Çağlar
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serdar Celik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Urology, Izmir Bozyaka Research and Training Hospital, Health Science University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ayşe Banu Demir
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Pınar Erçetin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Altun
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Aktas
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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16
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Chanphai P, Cloutier F, Oufqir Y, Leclerc MF, Eiján AM, Reyes-Moreno C, Bérubé G, Tajmir-Riahi HA. Biomolecular study and conjugation of two para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives with serum proteins: drug binding efficacy and protein structural analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:79-90. [PMID: 31980010 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1719889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two aminobenzoic acid derivatives DAB-0 and DAB-1 showed distinct biological properties on murine bladder cancer (BCa) cell line MB49-I. In contrast to DAB-1, DAB-0 does not possess any anti-inflammatory activity and is less toxic. Furthermore, DAB-0 does not interfere with INFγ-induced STAT1 activation and TNFα-induced IκB phosphorylation, while DAB-1 does. In order to rationalize these results, the binding efficacy of DAB-0 and DAB-1 with serum proteins such a human serum albumin (HSA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was investigated in aqueous solution at physiological pH. Multiple spectroscopic methods and thermodynamic analysis were used to determine the binding efficacy of DAB-0 and DAB-1 with serum proteins. Drug-protein conjugation was observed via through ionic contacts. DAB-1 forms stronger adducts than DAB-0, while β-LG shows more affinity with the order of stability β-LG > BSA > HSA. The stronger complexation of DAB-1 with serum proteins might account for its biological potential and transport in the blood. The binding efficacy ranged from 40 to 60%. Major alterations of protein secondary structures were detected upon drug complexation. Serum proteins are capable of delivering DAB-1 in vitro.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chanphai
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - F Cloutier
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Oufqir
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - M-F Leclerc
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - A M Eiján
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Reyes-Moreno
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - G Bérubé
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - H A Tajmir-Riahi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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17
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Girouard J, Belgorosky D, Hamelin-Morrissette J, Boulanger V, D'Orio E, Ramla D, Perron R, Charpentier L, Van Themsche C, Eiján AM, Bérubé G, Reyes-Moreno C. Molecular therapy with derivatives of amino benzoic acid inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in murine models of bladder cancer through inhibition of TNFα/NFΚB and iNOS/NO pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 176:113778. [PMID: 31877271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive form of urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) with poorer outcomes compared to the non-muscle invasive form (NMIBC). Higher recurrent rates and rapid progression after relapse in UBC is known to be linked with chronic inflammation. Here, the preclinical murine models of NMIBC (MB49) and MIBC (MB49-I) were used to assess the antitumor effects of DAB-1, an anti-inflammatory aminobenzoic acid derivative we have developed in order to target cancer-related inflammation. A subchronic toxicity study on cancer-free mice shown that DAB-1 treatment did not affect normal mouse development or normal function of vital organs. In mice bearing MB49-I tumors, whole body accumulation of the radioconjugate [131I]DAB-1 was higher than in control mice, the main sites of [131I]DAB-1 accumulation being the liver (34%), the intestines (21%), and the tumors (18%). In vivo molecular therapy of ectopic and orthotopic tumors indicated that treatment with DAB-1 efficiently inhibited tumor growth, metastasis formation, and mortality rate. The antitumor efficacy of DAB-1 was associated with strong decreased tumor cell proliferation and iNOS expression in tumor tissues and deactivation of macrophages from tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistic investigations revealed that DAB-1 efficiently inhibited i) TNFα/NFΚB and IL6/STAT3 signaling pathways activation; ii) TNFα-induced NO production by decreasing NFΚB transcriptional activation and functional iNOS expression; and iii) cellular proliferation with minimal or no effects on cell mortality or apoptosis. In conclusion, this study provides preclinical and biological/mechanistic data highlighting the potential of DAB-1 as a safe and efficient therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with NMIBC and MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Girouard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Denise Belgorosky
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada; Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jovane Hamelin-Morrissette
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Valerie Boulanger
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Ernesto D'Orio
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Diagnóstico por Imágenes y Terapia Radiante, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Djamel Ramla
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Histologie et Pathologie (LRHP), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Perron
- Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire Régional de Trois-Rivières-Service de pathologie, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Charpentier
- Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire Régional de Trois-Rivières-Service de pathologie, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Céline Van Themsche
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Ana Maria Eiján
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gervais Bérubé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Chimie Médicinale (LRCM) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Carlos Reyes-Moreno
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
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18
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Shadpour P, Zamani M, Aghaalikhani N, Rashtchizadeh N. Inflammatory cytokines in bladder cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14489-14499. [PMID: 30779110 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The presence of inflammatory cells and their products in the tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a tumor. Releasing the cytokines from a host in response to infection and inflammation can inhibit tumor growth and progression. However, tumor cells can also respond to the host cytokines with increasing the growth/invasion/metastasis. Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The microenvironment of a bladder tumor has been indicated to be rich in growth factors/inflammatory cytokines that can induce the tumor growth/progression and also suppress the immune system. On the contrary, modulate of the cancer progression has been shown following upregulation of the cytokines-related pathways that suggested the cytokines as potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we provide a summary of cytokines that are involved in BC formation/regression with both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. A more accurate understanding of tumor microenvironment creates favorable conditions for cytokines targeting to treat BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Shadpour
- Hasheminejad Kidney Center (HKC), Hospital Management Research Center (HMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zamani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nazi Aghaalikhani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nadereh Rashtchizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Zhang Q, Mao Z, Sun J. NF-κB inhibitor, BAY11-7082, suppresses M2 tumor-associated macrophage induced EMT potential via miR-30a/NF-κB/Snail signaling in bladder cancer cells. Gene 2019; 710:91-97. [PMID: 31002892 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammatory microenvironment has been shown to play a key role in initiating tumorigenesis and facilitating malignant progression. Primary tumors surrounded with and infiltrated by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly promote the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and distant metastasis in urothelial bladder cancer. METHODS In this study, we aimed to explore the potential of targeting TAMs for the treatment of malignant bladder cancer. RESULTS First, we found a higher number of TAMs, CD68 (pan-macrophage marker), and clever-1 (M2 macrophage marker) was associated with a higher pT category and grade in a cohort of 108 patients. In vitro assays showed that the co-culture of TAMs promoted the metastatic potential in HTB-1 and T24 by up-regulating EMT markers including Snail, VEGF and Vimentin, as well as oncogenic markers such as β-catenin and NF-κB. More importantly, M2 co-cultured HTB-1 and T24 showed an increased level of metastatic microRNA, miR-30. Silencing of miR-30 resulted in the reduced metastatic potential, migration/invasion, in association with the decreased expression of Twist1 and Vimentin. The addition of BAY11-7082 into the TAM/cancer co-culture system significantly reduced the M2 phenotype and tumorigenic properties. Coincidentally, miR-30a level was significantly lowered in the presence of BAY11-7082. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that AMs promoted metastatic potential of bladder cancer cells via promoting EMT through the increase of miR-30a. BAY11-7082 treatment suppressed both oncogenic and metastatic potential in bladder cancer cells while preventing the M2 polarization of TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zujie Mao
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of Ultrasonography, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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20
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Safwat EL-Deeb O, Abd-Ellatif RN, Othman TS, Afifi M, El-Magd M. The evolving role of protein disulfide isomerase A3 in Egyptian bladder cancer patients. Gene 2019; 693:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Chandra S, Gupta V, Chandra H, Dhyani M, Kotwal A, Verma SK, Gupta R. Serum Interleukin-6 is Not Linked with Sleep-Quality, Restless Legs Syndrome, and Depression, But with 6-Month Survival in Hematological Malignancies. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 10:94-100. [PMID: 30765978 PMCID: PMC6338000 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_159_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Serum interleukin (IL)-6 has been found to be associated with sleep quality, mood, and survival in patients with solid tumors. Results in these studies were confounded by knowledge of diagnosis to study subjects. Moreover, such data among subjects with hematological malignancies and data regarding restless legs syndrome is limited. The present study was, therefore, conducted to assess the sleep quality, depression, and restless leg syndrome in hematological malignancies and to study if there is any role of IL6 associated with it. Methods: Sixty-six subjects having hematological malignancy were included in this study after excluding the potential confounders. Sleep quality was examined using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, depression by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Diagnosis of RLS was made through clinical examination. Serum for measurement of IL-6 was collected at baseline and after 1 month of initiation of chemotherapy. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: Average age of study subjects was 50.16 years with male predominance. Nearly 22.7% had clinical depression, 28.8% had poor quality sleep, and restless legs syndrome (RLS) was reported in 6.1% cases. Nearly 22.7% patients died at 6 months. Disturbed sleep at baseline was associated with depression (odds ratio [OR] =7.89) and poor 6 months survival. Serum IL-6 did not show any association with sleep quality, restless-legs-syndrome, and depression. However, baseline high level of serum IL-6 (OR = 26.06) and low level after chemotherapy (OR = 0.03) were associated with poor survival at 6 months. Conclusion: Poor quality sleep, depression, and RLS are prevalent among adult subjects with hematological malignancies. Sleep disturbance, high pretreatment inflammatory and lowering of inflammatory load after chemotherapy increase likelihood for poor prognosis. Serum IL-6 did not show any association with sleep quality, restless legs syndrome and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Chandra
- Department of Pathology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vibha Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Harish Chandra
- Department of Pathology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mohan Dhyani
- Department of Psychiatry, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aarti Kotwal
- Department of Microbiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjiv Kumar Verma
- Department of Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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22
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Wu CT, Lin WY, Chen WC, Chen MF. Predictive Value of CD44 in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer and Its Relationship with IL-6 Signaling. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25:3518-3526. [PMID: 30128900 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD44, a cancer stem cell surface marker, is associated with treatment resistance and prognosis in some cancers. In the present study, we examined the predictive value of CD44 in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of 105 MIBC patients and correlated these outcomes with the expression of CD44. Furthermore, the bladder cancer cell lines HT1197 and MB49 were selected for cellular and animal experiments to investigate the correlation between CD44 and tumor aggressiveness. RESULTS Analysis of clinical specimens indicated that CD44 staining was significantly associated with a higher clinical stage, higher locoregional failure rate, and lower disease-specific survival rate for MIBC patients. Using cellular experiments and orthotopic tumor models, we showed that CD44+ bladder cancer cells had a higher invasion ability and augmented epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) compared with CD44 cells. There was a significant correlation between interleukin (IL)-6 and CD44 levels noted by in vitro testing, and clinical samples. Blockade of IL-6 attenuated the expression of CD44, cancer stem-cell-like properties, and aggressive tumor behavior in vitro and in vivo. The related changes included the attenuated STAT3 activation and EMT, and decreased programmed death ligand 1-mediated T-cell suppression. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CD44 expression is positively associated with tumor aggressiveness in bladder cancer, and activated IL-6 signaling provides a suitable microenvironment for the induction of CD44 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Te Wu
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung City, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Putz City, Chia-Yi Hsien, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Fen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Putz City, Chia-Yi Hsien, Taiwan.
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23
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Dang W, Qin Z, Fan S, Wen Q, Lu Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Wei L, He W, Ye Q, Yan Q, Li G, Ma J. miR-1207-5p suppresses lung cancer growth and metastasis by targeting CSF1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:32421-32. [PMID: 27107415 PMCID: PMC5078023 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that miR-1207-5p can inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by growth factors such as EGF and TGF-β, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Here we identified that Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) is a target gene of miR-1207-5p. CSF1 controls the production, differentiation and function of macrophage and promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines. We showed that miR-1207-5p inhibited lung cancer cell A549 proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and suppressed the STAT3 and AKT signalings. miR-1207-5p overexpression can increase HUVEC angiogenesis, and can modulate the M2 phenotype of macrophage. miR-1207-5p also significantly inhibited A549 cells metastasis in a nude mouse xenograft model. miR-1207-5p and CSF1 expression levels and their relationship with lung cancer survival and metastasis status were assayed by means of a lung cancer tissue microarray. Macrophage is an essential part of the tumor microenvironment, thus the miR-1207-5p-CSF1 axis maybe a new regulator of lung cancer development through modulating the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zailong Qin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei He
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiurong Ye
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
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24
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Mukherjee N, Cardenas E, Bedolla R, Ghosh R. SETD6 regulates NF-κB signaling in urothelial cell survival: Implications for bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15114-15125. [PMID: 28122346 PMCID: PMC5362471 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer has a high recurrence rate of 45-70%, progressing to muscle invasive disease in about 15% of those patients over a 5-year period. Administration of the mycobacterium, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) that induces local inflammation resulting in tumor remission in responsive patients is frequently used for treatment. BCG-treated patients with NF-κB del/del genotype have an increased risk of recurrence suggesting an important role of NF-κB in bladder cancer. Since protein methyltransferases play critical roles in modulating chromatin structure and gene expression, we screened a focused array of epigenetic modification genes to identify differential expression between normal urothelial and bladder cancer cells. We found and validated high expression of the SET-domain-containing protein methyltransferase, SETD6. SETD6 monomethylates NF-κB-p65 at lysine 310. Our results show that primary urothelial cells and normal bladder tissue have nearly undetectable message and protein level of SETD6 that increases in transformed urothelial cells and is further increased in bladder cancer cells and tissues. Overexpression of SETD6 in transformed urothelial cells increased cell survival and colony formation while knockdown in cancer cells decreased both parameters. Luciferase reporter assays showed that SETD6 induced the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. Further, the use of catalytic SETD6 and IκBα mutant shows that SETD6 positively regulates survival by affecting p65 message, protein level and its function as determined by increased expression of NF-κB target genes. Our findings suggest that SETD6 plays an important role in NF-κB regulation and may have an important role in NF-κB-mediated local inflammatory response following BCG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Mukherjee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Eduardo Cardenas
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Roble Bedolla
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rita Ghosh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine and School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,Department of Cancer Therapy and Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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25
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Wu CT, Lin WY, Chang YH, Chen WC, Chen MF. Impact of CD44 expression on radiation response for bladder cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:1137-1144. [PMID: 28607587 PMCID: PMC5463427 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of potential factors that can stratify tumors' response to specific therapies will aid in the selection of cancer therapy. Radioresistance is the major obstacles to positive outcomes in bladder cancer patients after definite chemotherapy. CD44, a cancer stem cell surface marker, is relevant in treatment resistance. In the present study, we examined the role of CD44 in bladder cancer. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of 85 bladder cancer patients treated with definite chemoradiotherapy, and correlated the expressions of CD44 with IL-6 and treatment response. Furthermore, the bladder cancer cell lines HT1197 and MB49 were selected for cellular and animal experiments to investigate the links between the CD44, IL-6 and radiation response. Results Analyzing the clinical specimen, the staining of CD44 was significantly linked with higher clinical stage, lower complete response rates, higher loco-regional failure rate and lower survival rate with intact bladder for patients treated with definite CCRT. In addition, the frequency of CD44 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in IL-6-positive bladder cancer specimens. By cellular experiments, the expression of CD44 was stimulated by IL-6 and linked with the cancer stem cell-like property. As demonstrated through in vitro and animal experiments using immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts, CD44+ bladder cancer cells appeared more resistant to irradiation, associated with less RT-induced cell death. Conclusions Our findings suggested that CD44 is important in predicting the radiation response of bladder tumor cells. If overexpressed CD44 and/or IL-6 were noted in pre-surgical specimens, radical cystectomy is more likely to be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Te Wu
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsu Chang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Fen Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Taiwan
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26
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Smolensky D, Rathore K, Cekanova M. Molecular targets in urothelial cancer: detection, treatment, and animal models of bladder cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:3305-3322. [PMID: 27784990 PMCID: PMC5063594 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s112113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer remains one of the most expensive cancers to treat in the United States due to the length of required treatment and degree of recurrence. In order to treat bladder cancer more effectively, targeted therapies are being investigated. In order to use targeted therapy in a patient, it is important to provide a genetic background of the patient. Recent advances in genome sequencing, as well as transcriptome analysis, have identified major pathway components altered in bladder cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide a broad background on bladder cancer, including its causes, diagnosis, stages, treatments, animal models, as well as signaling pathways in bladder cancer. The major focus is given to the PI3K/AKT pathway, p53/pRb signaling pathways, and the histone modification machinery. Because several promising immunological therapies are also emerging in the treatment of bladder cancer, focus is also given on general activation of the immune system for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Smolensky
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
- UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Kusum Rathore
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Maria Cekanova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
- UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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27
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Preliminary Analysis of the Expression of Selected Proangiogenic and Antioxidant Genes and MicroRNAs in Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5030029. [PMID: 26927195 PMCID: PMC4810100 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme contributing to the development and progression of different cancer types. HO-1 plays a role in pathological angiogenesis in bladder cancer and contributes to the resistance of this cancer to therapy. It also regulates the expression of microRNAs in rhabdomyosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancer. The expression of HO-1 may be regulated by hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) and Nrf2 transcription factor. The expression of HO-1 has not so far been examined in relation to Nrf2, HIF-1α, and potential mediators of angiogenesis in human bladder cancer. We measured the concentration of proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines and the expression of cytoprotective and proangiogenic mRNAs and miRNAs in healthy subjects and patients with bladder cancer. HO-1 expression was upregulated together with HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and Nrf2 in bladder cancer in comparison to healthy tissue. VEGF was elevated both at mRNA and protein level in the tumor and in sera, respectively. Additionally, IL-6 and IL-8 were increased in sera of patients affected with urothelial bladder cancer. Moreover, miR-155 was downregulated whereas miR-200c was elevated in cancer biopsies in comparison to healthy tissue. The results indicate that the increased expression of HO-1 in bladder cancer is paralleled by changes in the expression of other potentially interacting genes, like Nrf2, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF. Further studies are necessary to also elucidate the potential links with miR-155 and miR-200c.
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28
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Cort A, Ozben T, Saso L, De Luca C, Korkina L. Redox Control of Multidrug Resistance and Its Possible Modulation by Antioxidants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4251912. [PMID: 26881027 PMCID: PMC4736404 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4251912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical efficacy of anticancer chemotherapies is dramatically hampered by multidrug resistance (MDR) dependent on inherited traits, acquired defence against toxins, and adaptive mechanisms mounting in tumours. There is overwhelming evidence that molecular events leading to MDR are regulated by redox mechanisms. For example, chemotherapeutics which overrun the first obstacle of redox-regulated cellular uptake channels (MDR1, MDR2, and MDR3) induce a concerted action of phase I/II metabolic enzymes with a temporal redox-regulated axis. This results in rapid metabolic transformation and elimination of a toxin. This metabolic axis is tightly interconnected with the inducible Nrf2-linked pathway, a key switch-on mechanism for upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying systems. As a result, chemotherapeutics and cytotoxic by-products of their metabolism (ROS, hydroperoxides, and aldehydes) are inactivated and MDR occurs. On the other hand, tumour cells are capable of mounting an adaptive antioxidant response against ROS produced by chemotherapeutics and host immune cells. The multiple redox-dependent mechanisms involved in MDR prompted suggesting redox-active drugs (antioxidants and prooxidants) or inhibitors of inducible antioxidant defence as a novel approach to diminish MDR. Pitfalls and progress in this direction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Cort
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, İncili Pınar, Gazi Muhtar Paşa Bulvarı, Sehitkamil, 27090 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Campus, Dumlupınar Street, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Evidence-Based Well-Being (EB-WB) Ltd., 31 Alt-Stralau, 10245 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liudmila Korkina
- Centre of Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab, 197 Vernadskogo Prospekt, Moscow 119571, Russia
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29
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Zhang XR, Feng C, Zhu WD, Si JM, Gu BJ, Guo H, Song LJ, Li C. Two Micrometer Continuous-Wave Thulium Laser Treating Primary Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Is It Feasible? A Randomized Prospective Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:517-23. [PMID: 26397029 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ru Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Jie-Min Si
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Bao-Jun Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Lu-Jie Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University-Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, ShangHai, PR China
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30
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McBeth L, Grabnar M, Selman S, Hinds TD. Involvement of the Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptors in Bladder Cancer. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:384860. [PMID: 26347776 PMCID: PMC4546983 DOI: 10.1155/2015/384860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is encountered worldwide having been associated with a host of environmental and lifestyle risk factors. The disease has a male to female prevalence of 3 : 1. This disparity has raised the possibility of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway being involved in the genesis of the disease; indeed, research has shown that AR is involved in and is likely a driver of bladder cancer. Similarly, an inflammatory response has been implicated as a major player in bladder carcinogenesis. Consistent with this concept, recent work on anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid signaling points to a pathway that may impact bladder cancer. The glucocorticoid receptor- (GR-) α isoform has an important role in suppressing inflammatory processes, which may be attenuated by AR in the development of bladder cancer. In addition, a GR isoform that is inhibitory to GRα, GRβ, is proinflammatory and has been shown to induce cancer growth. In this paper, we review the evidence of inflammatory mediators and the relationship of AR and GR isoforms as they relate to the propensity for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien McBeth
- Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Maria Grabnar
- Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Steven Selman
- Department of Urology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Terry D. Hinds
- Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Chen Z, Li Q, Wang S, Zhang J. miR‑485‑5p inhibits bladder cancer metastasis by targeting HMGA2. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1136-42. [PMID: 26239806 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA or miR)‑485 is a functional miRNA which has received much attention in recent years. However, little is known about the expression of miR‑485 or the role it plays in bladder cancer [namely in metastasis and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT)]. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to detect the expression of miR‑485 in human bladder cancer tissues and bladder cancer cell lines, and to examine the effects of miR‑485‑5p on bladder cancer cell metastasis and EMT. We found that the expression of miR‑485‑5p was downregulated in the human bladder cancer tissues and different bladder cancer cell lines compared with the normal tissues and cell lines, as demonstrated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). We enforced the expression of miR‑485‑5p in T24 cells and inhibited the expression of miR‑485‑5p in SW780 cells by transfection with miR‑485‑5p mimic or miR‑485‑5p inhibitor, respectively. The ectopic expression of miR‑485‑5p was shown to inhibit cell metastasis and EMT, whereas the inhibition of miR‑485‑5p expression promoted cell metastasis and EMT, as shown by transwell‑matrigel assay, cell adhesion assay and western blot analysis. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay revealed that high mobility group AT‑hook 2 (HMGA2) was a direct target of miR‑485‑5p and that the overexpression of HMGA2 reversed the effects of miR‑485‑5p on cell metastasis and EMT. In conclusion and to the very best of our knowledge, the present study, for the first time, identified miR‑485‑5p as a suppressive miRNA in human bladder cancer, and demonstrated that miR‑485‑5p inhibits cell metastasis and EMT at least partly through the suppression of HMGA2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
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Hamelin-Morrissette J, Cloutier S, Girouard J, Belgorosky D, Eiján AM, Legault J, Reyes-Moreno C, Bérubé G. Identification of an anti-inflammatory derivative with anti-cancer potential: The impact of each of its structural components on inflammatory responses in macrophages and bladder cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:259-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mukherjee N, Houston TJ, Cardenas E, Ghosh R. To be an ally or an adversary in bladder cancer: the NF-κB story has not unfolded. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:299-306. [PMID: 25543121 PMCID: PMC4425835 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling and regulation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) has been an area of extensive research since its first discovery nearly three decades ago. Members of the NF-κB family have been reported to critically mediate a multitude of responses in normal cells. Therefore, it is not surprising that NF-κB function can go awry and result in pathological conditions including cancer. Despite its critical importance, the functional role of NF-κB has not received the same attention in cancers of all tissue types. In the case of cancer of the urinary bladder, which is the second most common urologic cancer, the involvement of NF-κB in the development of superficial or muscle invasive disease and during cancer recurrence is rudimentary at best. Nuclear expression of p65/RelA is seen in bladder cancer patients and has been found to negatively affect survival of patients with superficial and muscle invasive disease. Despite these observations, the exact mechanism of NF-κB upregulation and function remains unknown. Furthermore, the emergence of a tumor suppressive role for NF-κB in recent years suggests that the family may play the role of a double-edged sword in cancer, which remains unexplored in bladder cancer. The challenge now is to delineate the increasing complexity of this pathway in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Here, we review key aspects of the current knowledge of signaling and regulation by the NF-κB family focusing on its controversial role in cancer and highlight the importance of studying NF-κB in bladder cancer in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rita Ghosh
- Department of Urology, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapy and Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Seah JA, Leibowitz-Amit R, Atenafu EG, Alimohamed N, Knox JJ, Joshua AM, Sridhar SS. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015; 13:e229-e233. [PMID: 25777682 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) improves overall survival in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but there are currently no predictive biomarkers of response to NC in MIBC. An increased peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation and is linked to poor prognosis in some solid tumors. We evaluated whether NLR is associated with pathological response (pathR) in MIBC patients who receive NC. PATIENTS AND METHODS MIBC patients treated with NC and radical cystectomy (RC) between July 2006 and April 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary end point was to find variables associated with pathR in the RC specimen after NC. Potential predictive markers were analyzed using logistic regression. NLR values before NC, midway through NC, and before RC were collected and compared between patients who achieved pathR ('responders') and those who did not ('nonresponders'). RESULTS In 26 evaluable patients, age, sex, performance status, smoking status, stage, hydronephrosis, NLR before NC, midway through NC, and before RC were not significantly associated with pathR, but the pattern of NLR change between responders and nonresponders was significantly different (P = .038). Responders exhibited a sustained decrease in NLR during NC until RC, and nonresponders exhibited a transient decrease in NLR which then increased to above its baseline before RC. CONCLUSION The pattern of change in NLR during NC varied significantly between responders and nonresponders. We hypothesize that a sustained decrease in inflammatory burden during NC is associated with pathR. Despite limitations of a small retrospective study, our observations might have clinical implications and warrant further basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-An Seah
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raya Leibowitz-Amit
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eshetu G Atenafu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nimira Alimohamed
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony M Joshua
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Srikala S Sridhar
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Thompson DB, Siref LE, Feloney MP, Hauke RJ, Agrawal DK. Immunological basis in the pathogenesis and treatment of bladder cancer. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:265-79. [PMID: 25391391 PMCID: PMC4637163 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.983082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and transition of normal urothelium into bladder carcinoma are multifactorial processes. Chronic inflammation causes initiation and progression of the underlying pathophysiology of invasive and metastatic cancer. A dichotomy is observed in the role of immune cells in bladder cancer. While the immune response defends the host by suppressing neoplastic growth, several immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages and T-lymphocytes, promote tumor development and progression. The levels of human neutrophil peptide-1, -2 and -3, produced by neutrophils, increase in bladder cancer and might promote tumor angiogenesis and growth. The effect of macrophages is primarily mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, the underlying immunological mechanisms of two treatments, BCG and cytokine gene-modified tumor vaccines, and future directions are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Thompson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, CRISS II Room 510, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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36
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Ferreira R, Oliveira P, Martins T, Magalhães S, Trindade F, Pires MJ, Colaço B, Barros A, Santos L, Amado F, Vitorino R. Comparative proteomic analyses of urine from rat urothelial carcinoma chemically induced by exposure to N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:1594-602. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00606b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is estimated to be the ninth most common malignancy with a high rate of recurrence and progression despite therapy, early diagnosis being crucial for timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ferreira
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Paula Oliveira
- CITAB
- Department of Veterinary Science
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
- Portugal
| | - Telma Martins
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Sandra Magalhães
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Fábio Trindade
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Maria João Pires
- CITAB
- Department of Veterinary Science
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
- Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- CITAB
- Department of Veterinary Science
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
- Portugal
| | - António Barros
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Lúcio Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto
- Portugal
| | | | - Rui Vitorino
- QOPNA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
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Madka V, Mohammed A, Li Q, Zhang Y, Patlolla JMR, Biddick L, Lightfoot S, Wu XR, Steele V, Kopelovich L, Rao CV. Chemoprevention of urothelial cell carcinoma growth and invasion by the dual COX-LOX inhibitor licofelone in UPII-SV40T transgenic mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:708-16. [PMID: 24795386 PMCID: PMC4310686 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic and clinical data suggest that use of anti-inflammatory agents is associated with reduced risk for bladder cancer. We determined the chemopreventive efficacy of licofelone, a dual COX-lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor, in a transgenic UPII-SV40T mouse model of urothelial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). After genotyping, six-week-old UPII-SV40T mice (n = 30/group) were fed control (AIN-76A) or experimental diets containing 150 or 300 ppm licofelone for 34 weeks. At 40 weeks of age, all mice were euthanized, and urinary bladders were collected to determine urothelial tumor weights and to evaluate histopathology. Results showed that bladders of the transgenic mice fed control diet weighed 3 to 5-fold more than did those of the wild-type mice due to urothelial tumor growth. However, treatment of transgenic mice with licofelone led to a significant, dose-dependent inhibition of the urothelial tumor growth (by 68.6%-80.2%, P < 0.0001 in males; by 36.9%-55.3%, P < 0.0001 in females) compared with the control group. The licofelone diet led to the development of significantly fewer invasive tumors in these transgenic mice. Urothelial tumor progression to invasive TCC was inhibited in both male (up to 50%; P < 0.01) and female mice (41%-44%; P < 0.003). Urothelial tumors of the licofelone-fed mice showed an increase in apoptosis (p53, p21, Bax, and caspase3) with a decrease in proliferation, inflammation, and angiogenesis markers (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, COX-2, 5-LOX, prostaglandin E synthase 1, FLAP, and VEGF). These results suggest that licofelone can serve as potential chemopreventive for bladder TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateshwar Madka
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Altaf Mohammed
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Qian Li
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jagan M R Patlolla
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Laura Biddick
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Stan Lightfoot
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Urology, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Vernon Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention, Chemoprevention Agent Development Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Levy Kopelovich
- Division of Cancer Prevention, Chemoprevention Agent Development Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chinthalapally V Rao
- Authors' Affiliations: Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Hem-Onc Section, Department of Medicine, PCS Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma;
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Wu CT, Chang YH, Lin PY, Chen WC, Chen MF. Thrombomodulin expression regulates tumorigenesis in bladder cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:375. [PMID: 24886404 PMCID: PMC4051376 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of potential tumor markers will help improve therapeutic planning and patient management. Thrombomodulin (TM) is a sensitive urothelial marker. TM was reported to be one of the endogenous anti-metastatic factors and has diagnostic and prognostic values for the progression of carcinoma. In the present study, we examine the role of TM in bladder cancer. Methods We studied the role of TM in tumor behavior and related signaling pathways in vitro using the human bladder cancer cell lines HT1376, HT1197, J82 and T24, and in vivo using animal models. We also selected clinical specimens from 100 patients with bladder cancer for immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the predictive capacity of TM in tumor invasiveness. Results The data revealed that positive immunoreactivity for TM was inversely correlated with clinical stage and DNA methyltransferase 1 immunoreactivity. Decreased TM expression could predict the aggressive tumor growth and advanced clinical stage in bladder cancer. When TM was inhibited, tumor growth rate and invasion ability were augmented in vitro and in vivo. The underlying changes included increased cell proliferation, enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis. Moreover, inhibition of NF-κB activation significantly increased TM expression and attenuated tumor aggressiveness in bladder cancer. Conclusions TM plays an important role in bladder cancer tumor aggressiveness in vitro and in vivo and is a clinically significant predictor that may represent a suitable therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Miao-Fen Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Teply BA, Kim JJ. Systemic therapy for bladder cancer - a medical oncologist's perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4:25-35. [PMID: 25404954 DOI: 10.5430/jst.v4n2p25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Advanced bladder cancer, both muscle-invasive localized disease and metastatic disease, is managed with systemic chemotherapy. Cisplatin-based multi-agent chemotherapy remains the cornerstone for systemic therapy. MVAC (methotrexate-vinblastine-doxorubicin-cisplatin) has been most rigorously studied, both neoadjuvantly and for palliation of metastatic disease. For metastatic disease, cisplatin-gemcitabine (GC) has compared favorably to MVAC due to improved tolerability with similar efficacy. GC has been adopted as standard therapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer improves survival among those patients eligible to receive cisplatin. Adjuvant chemotherapy is difficult to administer effectively given morbidity of radical cystectomy, and studies have shown mixed results about its benefit. Non-cisplatin regimens have been investigated but remain experimental and reserved for those not candidates for cisplatin in the metastatic setting. While multiple agents have been studied after metastatic disease progression after cisplatin-based therapy, there remain no FDA-approved therapies for the second line. Future trials with anti-VEGF therapy and immunotherapy are actively being investigated. This review examines the systemic therapy available to oncologists with current evidence and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Teply
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, U.S.A
| | - Jenny J Kim
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, U.S.A
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40
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Wang YJ, Chen RJ. Pterostilbene Protection and Bladder Cancer Cells. Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405205-5.00027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Liu H, Wu J, Xue S, Zhang Q, Ruan Y, Sun X, Xia S. Comparison of the safety and efficacy of conventional monopolar and 2-micron laser transurethral resection in the management of multiple nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer. J Int Med Res 2013; 41:984-92. [PMID: 23760914 DOI: 10.1177/0300060513477001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare the safety and efficacy of conventional monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and 2-micron continuous-wave laser resection (2-µm laser) techniques in the management of multiple nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and to investigate long-term effects on tumour recurrence. Methods Patients with multiple NMIBC were randomized to receive TURBT or 2-µm laser in a nonblinded manner. All patients received intravesical chemotherapy with epirubicin (40 mg/40 ml) for 8 weeks, beginning 1 week after surgery, followed with monthly maintenance therapy for 12 months. Three-year follow-up data of preoperative, operative and postoperative management were recorded. Results In total, 120 patients were included: 56 in the TURBT group and 64 in the 2-µm laser group. Intra- and postoperative complications (including bladder perforation, bleeding and irritation) were less frequently observed in the 2-µm laser group compared with the TURBT group. There were no significant differences in first time to recurrence, overall recurrence or occurrence of urethral strictures. Conclusions The 2-µm laser resection method was more effective than TURBT in reducing rates of intra- and postoperative complications, but offered no additional benefit regarding tumour recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Wu
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Xue
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhang
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Ruan
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Sun
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Xia
- University Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Chen MF, Lin PY, Wu CF, Chen WC, Wu CT. IL-6 expression regulates tumorigenicity and correlates with prognosis in bladder cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61901. [PMID: 23637926 PMCID: PMC3640078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of potential tumor markers will help stratify and identify a tumor's malignant potential and its response to specific therapies. IL-6 has been reported to be a predictor in various cancers. Therefore, the present study was performed to highlight the role of IL-6 in improving treatment and determining prognosis of bladder cancer. The human bladder cancer cell lines HT1376 and HT1197 were selected for cell and animal experiments, in which biological changes after experimental manipulation of IL-6 were explored, including tumor behavior and related signaling in bladder cancer. In addition, clinical specimens from 85 patients with muscle-invasive, and 50 with non-muscle invasive bladder cancers were selected for immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the predictive capacity of IL-6 in relation to clinical outcome. The data revealed that IL-6 was overexpressed in the bladder cancer specimens compared with non-malignant tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. Positive staining of IL-6 was significantly correlated with higher clinical stage, higher recurrence rate after curative treatment, and reduced survival rate. Tumor growth and invasive capability were attenuated when IL-6 was blocked. The underlying changes included decreased cell proliferation, less epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), decreased DNA methyltransferase 1 expression and attenuated angiogenesis. In conclusion, our findings showed that IL-6 could be a significant predictor for clinical stage and prognosis of bladder cancer. Moreover, targeting IL-6 may be a promising strategy for treating bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Fen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Paul-Yang Lin
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fang Wu
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Wu
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Doroudchi M, Saidi M, Malekzadeh M, Golmoghaddam H, Khezri A, Ghaderi A. Elevated IL-17A levels in early stages of bladder cancer regardless of smoking status. Future Oncol 2013; 9:295-304. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The interrelation between nicotine and IL-17A in bladder cancer (BC) patients was investigated. Methods: IL-17A in the sera of 121 BC patients who smoked nicotine, 80 nonsmoker BC patients, 29 and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy smokers and nonsmokers were also measured. Results: IL-17A was elevated in smoker and nonsmoker BC patients compared with smoker and nonsmoker controls (p = 0.004 and p = 0.004, respectively). The level of IL-17A in BC patients who smoked both water pipes and cigarettes were the highest (4.35±8.57 pg/ml), followed by BC water pipe users only (1.33±3.122 pg/ml) and cigarette smokers only (0.79±2.26 pg/ml, p = 0.001). IL-17A was elevated in lower stages (I and II) compared with higher stages (III and IV) of the disease (p = 0.013). Conclusion: IL-17A levels are elevated in some BC patients. IL-17A is an important factor in the inflammatory process during tumor progression, either as a defense mechanism or as a tumor-promoting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71345–3119, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohadesatosadat Saidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71345–3119, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahyar Malekzadeh
- Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Golmoghaddam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71345–3119, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdulaziz Khezri
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71345–3119, Shiraz, Iran
- Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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