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Jiang Z, Sun S, Liu J, Sun X. Recent Advances of Halloysite Nanotubes in Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306169. [PMID: 37670217 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have emerged as a highly regarded choice in biomedical research due to their exceptional attributes, including superior loading capacity, customizable surface characteristics, and excellent biocompatibility. HNTs feature tubular structures comprising alumina and silica layers, endowing them with a large surface area and versatile surface chemistries that facilitate selective modifications. Moreover, their substantial pore volume and wide range of pore sizes enable efficient entrapment of diverse functional molecules. This comprehensive review highlights the broad biomedical application spectrum of HNTs, shedding light on their potential as innovative and effective therapeutic agents across various diseases. It emphasizes the necessity of optimizing drug delivery techniques, developing targeted delivery systems, rigorously evaluating biocompatibility and safety through preclinical and clinical investigations, exploring combination therapies, and advancing scientific understanding. With further advancements, HNTs hold the promise to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry, opening new avenues for the development of transformative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
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Doxorubicin-conjugated siRNA lipid nanoparticles for combination cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1429-1437. [PMID: 37139433 PMCID: PMC10150035 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evasion of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer, attributed in part to overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). In a variety of cancer types, including lymphoma, Bcl-2 is overexpressed. Therapeutic targeting of Bcl-2 has demonstrated efficacy in the clinic and is the subject of extensive clinical testing in combination with chemotherapy. Therefore, the development of co-delivery systems for Bcl-2 targeting agents, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), and chemotherapeutics, such as doxorubicin (DOX), holds promise for enabling combination cancer therapies. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a clinically advanced nucleic acid delivery system with a compact structure suitable for siRNA encapsulation and delivery. Inspired by ongoing clinical trials of albumin-hitchhiking doxorubicin prodrugs, here we developed a DOX-siRNA co-delivery strategy via conjugation of doxorubicin to the surface of siRNA-loaded LNPs. Our optimized LNPs enabled potent knockdown of Bcl-2 and efficient delivery of DOX into the nucleus of Burkitts' lymphoma (Raji) cells, leading to effective inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse model of lymphoma. Based on these results, our LNPs may provide a platform for the co-delivery of various nucleic acids and DOX for the development of new combination cancer therapies.
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Application of Halloysite Nanotubes in Cancer Therapy-A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112943. [PMID: 34072513 PMCID: PMC8198791 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Halloysite, a nanoclay characterized by a unique, tubular structure, with oppositely charged interior and exterior, suitable, nanometric-range size, high biocompatibility, and low cost, is recently gaining more and more interest as an important and versatile component of various biomaterials and delivery systems of biomedical relevance. One of the most recent, significant, and intensely studied fields in which halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) found diverse applications is cancer therapy. Even though this particular direction is mentioned in several more general reviews, it has never so far been discussed in detail. In our review, we offer an extended survey of the literature on that particular aspect of the biomedical application of HNTs. While historical perspective is also given, our paper is focused on the most recent developments in this field, including controlled delivery and release of anticancer agents and nucleic acids by HNT-based systems, targeting cancer cells using HNT as a carrier, and the capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with nanostructured or magnetic HNT surfaces. The overview of the most up-to-date knowledge on the HNT interactions with cancer cells is also given.
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Aronson MR, Medina SH, Mitchell MJ. Peptide functionalized liposomes for receptor targeted cancer therapy. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:011501. [PMID: 33532673 PMCID: PMC7837755 DOI: 10.1063/5.0029860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most clinically approved cancer therapies are potent and toxic small molecules that are limited by severe off-target toxicities and poor tumor-specific localization. Over the past few decades, attempts have been made to load chemotherapies into liposomes, which act to deliver the therapeutic agent directly to the tumor. Although liposomal encapsulation has been shown to decrease toxicity in human patients, reliance on passive targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has left some of these issues unresolved. Recently, investigations into modifying the surface of liposomes via covalent and/or electrostatic functionalization have offered mechanisms for tumor homing and subsequently controlled chemotherapeutic delivery. A wide variety of biomolecules can be utilized to functionalize liposomes such as proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, which enable multiple directions for cancer cell localization. Importantly, when nanoparticles are modified with such molecules, care must be taken as not to inactivate or denature the ligand. Peptides, which are small proteins with <30 amino acids, have demonstrated the exceptional ability to act as ligands for transmembrane protein receptors overexpressed in many tumor phenotypes. Exploring this strategy offers a method in tumor targeting for cancers such as glioblastoma multiforme, pancreatic, lung, and breast based on the manifold of receptors overexpressed on various tumor cell populations. In this review, we offer a comprehensive summary of peptide-functionalized liposomes for receptor-targeted cancer therapy.
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Gribko A, Künzel J, Wünsch D, Lu Q, Nagel SM, Knauer SK, Stauber RH, Ding GB. Is small smarter? Nanomaterial-based detection and elimination of circulating tumor cells: current knowledge and perspectives. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4187-4209. [PMID: 31289440 PMCID: PMC6560927 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s198319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are disseminated cancer cells. The occurrence and circulation of CTCs seem key for metastasis, still the major cause of cancer-associated deaths. As such, CTCs are investigated as predictive biomarkers. However, due to their rarity and heterogeneous biology, CTCs’ practical use has not made it into the clinical routine. Clearly, methods for the effective isolation and reliable detection of CTCs are urgently needed. With the development of nanotechnology, various nanosystems for CTC isolation and enrichment and CTC-targeted cancer therapy have been designed. Here, we summarize the relationship between CTCs and tumor metastasis, and describe CTCs’ unique properties hampering their effective enrichment. We comment on nanotechnology-based systems for CTC isolation and recent achievements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. We discuss recent advances in CTC-targeted cancer therapy exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. We conclude by introducing developments in CTC-directed nanosystems and other advanced technologies currently in (pre)clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Gribko
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Julian Künzel
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Désirée Wünsch
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Qiang Lu
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Sophie Madeleine Nagel
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB)/Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Guo-Bin Ding
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ; .,Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China,
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Mohme M, Riethdorf S, Dreimann M, Werner S, Maire CL, Joosse SA, Bludau F, Mueller V, Neves RPL, Stoecklein NH, Lamszus K, Westphal M, Pantel K, Wikman H, Eicker SO. Circulating Tumour Cell Release after Cement Augmentation of Vertebral Metastases. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7196. [PMID: 28775319 PMCID: PMC5543076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cement augmentation via percutaneous vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty for treatment of spinal metastasis is a well-established treatment option. We assessed whether elevated intrametastatic pressure during cement augmentation results in an increased dissemination of tumour cells into the vascular circulation. We prospectively collected blood from patients with osteolytic spinal column metastases and analysed the prevalence of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) at three time-points: preoperatively, 20 minutes after cement augmentation, and 3–5 days postoperatively. Enrolling 21 patients, including 13 breast- (61.9%), 5 lung- (23.8%), and one (4.8%) colorectal-, renal-, and prostate-carcinoma patient each, we demonstrate a significant 1.8-fold increase of EpCAM+/K+ CTCs in samples taken 20 minutes post-cement augmentation (P < 0.0001). Despite increased mechanical CTC dissemination due to cement augmentation, follow-up blood draws demonstrated that no long-term increase of CTCs was present. Array-CGH analysis revealed a specific profile of the CTC collected 20 minutes after cement augmentation. This is the first study to report that peripheral CTCs are temporarily increased due to vertebral cement augmentation procedures. Our findings provide a rationale for the development of new prophylactic strategies to reduce the increased release of CTC after cement augmentation of osteolytic spinal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Mohme
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Dreimann
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Werner
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cecile L Maire
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Bludau
- Department for Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Mueller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rui P L Neves
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikolas H Stoecklein
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven O Eicker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are a hallmark of cancer metastasis which accounts for approximately 90% of all cancer-related deaths. Their detection and characterization have significant implications in cancer biology and clinical practice. However, CTCs are rare cells and consist of heterogeneous subpopulations, requiring highly sensitive and specific techniques to identify and isolate them with high efficiency. Nanomaterials, with unique structural and functional properties, have shown strong promise to meet the challenging demands. In this review, we discuss CTC capture and therapeutic targeting, emphasizing the significance of the nanomaterials being used for this purpose. The next generation of therapy for metastatic cancer may well involve capturing and even directly neutralizing CTCs using nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
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Jackson JM, Witek MA, Kamande JW, Soper SA. Materials and microfluidics: enabling the efficient isolation and analysis of circulating tumour cells. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4245-4280. [PMID: 28632258 PMCID: PMC5576189 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00016b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present a critical review of microfluidic technologies and material effects on the analyses of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) selected from the peripheral blood of cancer patients. CTCs are a minimally invasive source of clinical information that can be used to prognose patient outcome, monitor minimal residual disease, assess tumour resistance to therapeutic agents, and potentially screen individuals for the early diagnosis of cancer. The performance of CTC isolation technologies depends on microfluidic architectures, the underlying principles of isolation, and the choice of materials. We present a critical review of the fundamental principles used in these technologies and discuss their performance. We also give context to how CTC isolation technologies enable downstream analysis of selected CTCs in terms of detecting genetic mutations and gene expression that could be used to gain information that may affect patient outcome.
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Bayda S, Hadla M, Palazzolo S, Kumar V, Caligiuri I, Ambrosi E, Pontoglio E, Agostini M, Tuccinardi T, Benedetti A, Riello P, Canzonieri V, Corona G, Toffoli G, Rizzolio F. Bottom-up synthesis of carbon nanoparticles with higher doxorubicin efficacy. J Control Release 2017; 248:144-152. [PMID: 28093297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine requires intelligent and non-toxic nanomaterials for real clinical applications. Carbon materials possess interesting properties but with some limitations due to toxic effects. Interest in carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) is increasing because they are considered green materials with tunable optical properties, overcoming the problem of toxicity associated with quantum dots or nanocrystals, and can be utilized as smart drug delivery systems. Using black tea as a raw material, we synthesized CNPs with a narrow size distribution, tunable optical properties covering visible to deep red absorption, non-toxicity and easy synthesis for large-scale production. We utilized these CNPs to label subcellular structures such as exosomes. More importantly, these new CNPs can escape lysosomal sequestration and rapidly distribute themselves in the cytoplasm to release doxorubicin (doxo) with better efficacy than the free drug. The release of doxo from CNPs was optimal at low pH, similar to the tumour microenvironment. These CNPs were non-toxic in mice and reduced the tumour burden when loaded with doxo due to an improved pharmacokinetics profile. In summary, we created a new delivery system that is potentially useful for improving cancer treatments and opening a new window for tagging microvesicles utilized in liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Bayda
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy; Doctoral School in Nanotechnology, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Mohamad Hadla
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy; Doctoral School in Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Palazzolo
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy; Doctoral School in Nanotechnology, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Vinit Kumar
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy; Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Ambrosi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Electron Microscopy Center "Giovanni Stevanato", University Ca' Foscari of Venezia, Italy; European Center of Living Technology, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Enrico Pontoglio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Electron Microscopy Center "Giovanni Stevanato", University Ca' Foscari of Venezia, Italy; European Center of Living Technology, Venezia-Mestre, Italy; Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Section of Surgery, University of Padova, Italy; Pediatric Research Institute, Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alvise Benedetti
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Electron Microscopy Center "Giovanni Stevanato", University Ca' Foscari of Venezia, Italy; European Center of Living Technology, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Pietro Riello
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Electron Microscopy Center "Giovanni Stevanato", University Ca' Foscari of Venezia, Italy; European Center of Living Technology, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Institute - CRO-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
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Goodwin TJ, Huang L. On the article "Findings questioning the involvement of Sigma-1 receptor in the uptake of anisamide-decorated particles" [J. Control. Release 224 (2016) 229-238]: Letter to the Editor 1 (September 14, 2016). J Control Release 2016; 243:382-385. [PMID: 27887958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Goodwin
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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11
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Abdullayev E, Lvov Y. Halloysite for Controllable Loading and Release. DEVELOPMENTS IN CLAY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100293-3.00022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mitchell MJ, Denais C, Chan MF, Wang Z, Lammerding J, King MR. Lamin A/C deficiency reduces circulating tumor cell resistance to fluid shear stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 309:C736-46. [PMID: 26447202 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00050.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis contributes to over 90% of cancer-related deaths and is initiated when cancer cells detach from the primary tumor, invade the basement membrane, and enter the circulation as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). While metastasis is viewed as an inefficient process with most CTCs dying within the bloodstream, it is evident that some CTCs are capable of resisting hemodynamic shear forces to form secondary tumors in distant tissues. We hypothesized that nuclear lamins A and C (A/C) act as key structural components within CTCs necessary to resist destruction from elevated shear forces of the bloodstream. Herein, we show that, compared with nonmalignant epithelial cells, tumor cells are resistant to elevated fluid shear forces in vitro that mimic those within the bloodstream, as evidenced by significant decreases in cellular apoptosis and necrosis. Knockdown of lamin A/C significantly reduced tumor cell resistance to fluid shear stress, with significantly increased cell death compared with parental tumor cell and nontargeting controls. Interestingly, lamin A/C knockdown increased shear stress-induced tumor cell apoptosis, but did not significantly affect cellular necrosis. These data demonstrate that lamin A/C is an important structural component that enables tumor cell resistance to fluid shear stress-mediated death in the bloodstream, and may thus facilitate survival and hematogenous metastasis of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
| | - Celine Denais
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Maxine F Chan
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
| | - Zhexiao Wang
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Michael R King
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; and
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13
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Mitchell MJ, Castellanos CA, King MR. Immobilized surfactant-nanotube complexes support selectin-mediated capture of viable circulating tumor cells in the absence of capture antibodies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3407-18. [PMID: 25761664 PMCID: PMC4552621 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The metastatic spread of tumor cells from the primary site to anatomically distant organs leads to a poor patient prognosis. Increasing evidence has linked adhesive interactions between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and endothelial cells to metastatic dissemination. Microscale biomimetic flow devices hold promise as a diagnostic tool to isolate CTCs and develop metastatic therapies, utilizing E-selectin (ES) to trigger the initial rolling adhesion of tumor cells under flow. To trigger firm adhesion and capture under flow, such devices also typically require antibodies against biomarkers thought to be expressed on CTCs. This approach is challenged by the fact that CTCs are now known to exhibit heterogeneous expression of conventional biomarkers. Here, we describe surfactant-nanotube complexes to enhance ES-mediated capture and isolation of tumor cells without the use of capture antibodies. While the majority of tumor cells exhibited weaker rolling adhesion on halloysite nanotubes (HNT) coated with ES, HNT functionalization with the sodium dodecanoate (NaL) surfactant induced a switch to firm cellular adhesion under flow. Conversely, surfactant-nanotube complexes significantly reduced the number of primary human leukocytes captured via ES-mediated adhesion under flow. The switch in tumor cell adhesion was exploited to capture and isolate tumor cells in the absence of EpCAM antibodies, commonly utilized as the gold standard for CTC isolation. Additionally, HNT-NaL complexes were shown to capture tumor cells with low to negligible EpCAM expression, that are not efficiently captured using conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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14
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Li S, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhao M, Feng Q, Wu J, Zhao S, Wu W, Peng S. Small molecule PZL318: forming fluorescent nanoparticles capable of tracing their interactions with cancer cells and activated platelets, slowing tumor growth and inhibiting thrombosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:5273-92. [PMID: 26345234 PMCID: PMC4554418 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s88052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Low selectivity of chemotherapy correlates with poor outcomes of cancer patients. To improve this issue, a novel agent, N-(1-[3-methoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-β-carboline-3-carbonyl)-Trp-Lys-OBzl (PZL318), was reported here. The transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy images demonstrated that PZL318 can form nanoparticles. Fluorescent and confocal images visualized that PZL318 formed fluorescent nanoparticles capable of targeting cancer cells and tracing their interactions with cancer cells. In vitro, 40 μM of PZL318 inhibited the proliferation of tumorigenic cells, but not nontumorigenic cells. In vivo, 10 nmol/kg of PZL318 slowed the tumor growth of S180 mice and alleviated the thrombosis of ferric chloride-treated ICR mice, while 100 μmol/kg of PZL318 did not injure healthy mice and they exhibited no liver toxicity. By analyzing Fourier transform–mass spectrometry and rotating-frame Overhauser spectroscopy (ROESY) two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, the chemical mechanism of PZL318-forming trimers and nanoparticles was explored. By using mesoscale simulation, a nanoparticle of 3.01 nm in diameter was predicted containing 13 trimers. Scavenging free radicals, downregulating sP-selectin expression and intercalating toward DNA were correlated with the antitumor mechanism of PZL318.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaonan Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Qiqi Feng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shurui Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Basic Medicine of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Peng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Mitchell MJ, Castellanos CA, King MR. Surfactant functionalization induces robust, differential adhesion of tumor cells and blood cells to charged nanotube-coated biomaterials under flow. Biomaterials 2015; 56:179-86. [PMID: 25934290 PMCID: PMC4428905 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The metastatic spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites leads to a poor prognosis in cancers originating from multiple organs. Increasing evidence has linked selectin-based adhesion between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and endothelial cells of the microvasculature to metastatic dissemination, in a manner similar to leukocyte adhesion during inflammation. Functionalized biomaterial surfaces hold promise as a diagnostic tool to separate CTCs and potentially treat metastasis, utilizing antibody and selectin-mediated interactions for cell capture under flow. However, capture at high purity levels is challenged by the fact that CTCs and leukocytes both possess selectin ligands. Here, a straightforward technique to functionalize and alter the charge of naturally occurring halloysite nanotubes using surfactants is reported to induce robust, differential adhesion of tumor cells and blood cells to nanotube-coated surfaces under flow. Negatively charged sodium dodecanoate-functionalized nanotubes simultaneously enhanced tumor cell capture while negating leukocyte adhesion, both in the presence and absence of adhesion proteins, and can be utilized to isolate circulating tumor cells regardless of biomarker expression. Conversely, diminishing nanotube charge via functionalization with decyltrimethylammonium bromide both abolished tumor cell capture while promoting leukocyte adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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16
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Kim DJ, Lee WY, Park NW, Kim GS, Lee KM, Kim J, Choi MK, Lee GH, Han W, Lee SK. Drug response of captured BT20 cells and evaluation of circulating tumor cells on a silicon nanowire platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 67:370-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastasis contributes to over 90% of cancer-related deaths. Numerous nanoparticle platforms have been developed to target and treat cancer, yet efficient delivery of these systems to the appropriate site remains challenging. Leukocytes, which share similarities to tumor cells in terms of their transport and migration through the body, are well suited to serve as carriers of drug delivery systems to target cancer sites. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the use and functionalization of leukocytes for therapeutic targeting of metastatic cancer. Tumor cell and leukocyte extravasation, margination in the bloodstream, and migration into soft tissue are discussed, along with the potential to exploit these functional similarities to effectively deliver drugs. Current nanoparticle-based drug formulations for the treatment of cancer are reviewed, along with methods to functionalize delivery vehicles to leukocytes, either on the surface and/or within the cell. Recent progress in this area, both in vitro and in vivo, is also discussed, with a particular emphasis on targeting cancer cells in the bloodstream as a means to interrupt the metastatic process. EXPERT OPINION Leukocytes interact with cancer cells both in the bloodstream and at the site of solid tumors. These interactions can be utilized to effectively deliver drugs to targeted areas, which can reduce both the amount of drug required and various nonspecific cytotoxic effects within the body. If drug delivery vehicle functionalization does not interfere with leukocyte function, this approach may be utilized to neutralize tumor cells in the bloodstream to prevent the formation of new metastases, and also to deliver drugs to metastatic sites within tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Cornell University, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Ithaca, NY 14853 , USA
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18
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Mitchell MJ, Lin KS, King MR. Fluid shear stress increases neutrophil activation via platelet-activating factor. Biophys J 2014; 106:2243-53. [PMID: 24853753 PMCID: PMC4052238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte exposure to hemodynamic shear forces is critical for physiological functions including initial adhesion to the endothelium, the formation of pseudopods, and migration into tissues. G-protein coupled receptors on neutrophils, which bind to chemoattractants and play a role in neutrophil chemotaxis, have been implicated as fluid shear stress sensors that control neutrophil activation. Recently, exposure to physiological fluid shear stresses observed in the microvasculature was shown to reduce neutrophil activation in the presence of the chemoattractant formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Here, however, human neutrophil preexposure to uniform shear stress (0.1-2.75 dyn/cm(2)) in a cone-and-plate viscometer for 1-120 min was shown to increase, rather than decrease, neutrophil activation in the presence of platelet activating factor (PAF). Fluid shear stress exposure increased PAF-induced neutrophil activation in terms of L-selectin shedding, αMβ2 integrin activation, and morphological changes. Neutrophil activation via PAF was found to correlate with fluid shear stress exposure, as neutrophil activation increased in a shear stress magnitude- and time-dependent manner. These results indicate that fluid shear stress exposure increases neutrophil activation by PAF, and, taken together with previous observations, differentially controls how neutrophils respond to chemoattractants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kimberly S Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
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19
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Sánchez-Fernández A, Peña-Parás L, Vidaltamayo R, Cué-Sampedro R, Mendoza-Martínez A, Zomosa-Signoret VC, Rivas-Estilla AM, Riojas P. Synthesization, Characterization, and in Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Biomaterials Based on Halloysite Nanotubes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 7:7770-7780. [PMID: 28788274 PMCID: PMC5456434 DOI: 10.3390/ma7127770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Halloysite is an aluminosilicate clay that has been widely used for controlled drug delivery, immobilization of enzymes, and for the capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Surface modification of halloysite by organosilanes has been explored to improve their properties. In this study halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) were functionalized by two different organosilanes: Trimethoxy(propyl)silane (TMPS), and Triethoxy(octyl)silane (EOS). Untreated and modified samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed a strong interaction of organosilanes with the chemical groups present in HNTs. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of these nanomaterials were determined using C6 rat glioblastoma cells. Our results indicate that prior to functionalization, HNTs show a high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. However, HNTs functionalized with EOS and TMPS showed high cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis. These results allow the identification of potential applications in biomedical areas for HNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Sánchez-Fernández
- Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnológico, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
| | - Laura Peña-Parás
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., Col. Jesús M. Garza, 66238 San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico.
| | - Román Vidaltamayo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., Col. Jesús M. Garza, 66238 San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo Cué-Sampedro
- Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnológico, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
| | - Ana Mendoza-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., Col. Jesús M. Garza, 66238 San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico.
| | - Viviana C Zomosa-Signoret
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Jesús Aguirre Pequeño esq. Av. Madero, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
| | - Ana M Rivas-Estilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Jesús Aguirre Pequeño esq. Av. Madero, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
| | - Paulina Riojas
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad de Monterrey, Ave. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., Col. Jesús M. Garza, 66238 San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico.
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Wang S, Wan Y, Liu Y. Effects of nanopillar array diameter and spacing on cancer cell capture and cell behaviors. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:12482-9. [PMID: 25137436 PMCID: PMC4194151 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02854f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
While substrates with nanopillars (NPs) have emerged as promising platforms for isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the influence of diameter and spacing of NPs on CTC capture is still unclear. In this paper, CTC-capture yield and cell behaviors have been investigated by using antibody functionalized NPs of various diameters (120-1100 nm) and spacings (35-800 nm). The results show a linear relationship between the cell capture yield and effective contact area of NP substrates where a NP array of small diameter and reasonable spacing is preferred; however, spacing that is too small or too large adversely impairs the capture efficiency and specificity, respectively. In addition, the formation of pseudopodia between captured cells and the substrate is found to be dependent not only on cell adhesion status but also on elution strength and shear direction. These findings provide essential guidance in designing NP substrates for more efficient capture of CTCs and manipulation of cytomorphology in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
| | - Yuan Wan
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
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Mitchell MJ, King MR. Unnatural killer cells to prevent bloodborne metastasis: inspiration from biology and engineering. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 14:641-4. [PMID: 24791860 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2014.916619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis contributes to over 90% of cancer-related deaths. Many types of cancer metastasize via the bloodstream, where circulating tumor cells (CTCs) originating from the primary tumor can undergo selectin-mediated adhesion with the blood vessel wall and subsequently transmigrate to anatomically distant organs. In an effort to neutralize CTCs with the potential to form metastases, a new therapeutic approach has been developed in which circulating leukocytes are functionalized to target and kill cancer cells in the bloodstream. This approach mimics the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells and the chemical engineering concept of a fluidized bed reactor, which increases the surface area for surface-catalyzed reactions. The resulting 'unnatural killer cells', proven effective in vitro with human blood and also in the living mouse, holds promise in neutralizing CTCs to interrupt the metastasis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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22
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Mitchell MJ, King MR. Physical biology in cancer. 3. The role of cell glycocalyx in vascular transport of circulating tumor cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 306:C89-97. [PMID: 24133067 PMCID: PMC3919988 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00285.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood are known to adhere to the luminal surface of the microvasculature via receptor-mediated adhesion, which contributes to the spread of cancer metastasis to anatomically distant organs. Such interactions between ligands on CTCs and endothelial cell-bound surface receptors are sensitive to receptor-ligand distances at the nanoscale. The sugar-rich coating expressed on the surface of CTCs and endothelial cells, known as the glycocalyx, serves as a physical structure that can control the spacing and, thus, the availability of such receptor-ligand interactions. The cancer cell glycocalyx can also regulate the ability of therapeutic ligands to bind to CTCs in the bloodstream. Here, we review the role of cell glycocalyx on the adhesion and therapeutic treatment of CTCs in the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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23
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Cao TM, Mitchell MJ, Liesveld J, King MR. Stem cell enrichment with selectin receptors: mimicking the pH environment of trauma. SENSORS 2013; 13:12516-26. [PMID: 24048341 PMCID: PMC3821329 DOI: 10.3390/s130912516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The isolation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is critical for transplantation therapy and HSPC research, however current isolation techniques can be prohibitively expensive, time-consuming, and produce variable results. Selectin-coated microtubes have shown promise in rapidly isolating HSPCs from human bone marrow, but further purification of HSPCs remains a challenge. Herein, a biomimetic device for HSPC isolation is presented to mimic the acidic vascular microenvironment during trauma, which can enhance the binding frequency between L-selectin and its counter-receptor PSGL-1 and HSPCs. Under acidic pH conditions, L-selectin coated microtubes enhanced CD34+ HSPC adhesion, as evidenced by decreased cell rolling velocity and increased rolling flux. Dynamic light scattering was utilized as a novel sensor to confirm an L-selectin conformational change under acidic conditions, as previously predicted by molecular dynamics. These results suggest that mimicking the acidic conditions of trauma can induce a conformational extension of L-selectin, which can be utilized for flow-based, clinical isolation of HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thong M. Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; E-Mails: (T.M.C.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Michael J. Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; E-Mails: (T.M.C.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Jane Liesveld
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; E-Mails: (T.M.C.); (M.J.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-607-255-9803; Fax: +1-607-255-7330
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Mitchell MJ, King MR. Computational and experimental models of cancer cell response to fluid shear stress. Front Oncol 2013; 3:44. [PMID: 23467856 PMCID: PMC3587800 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become evident that mechanical forces play a key role in cancer metastasis, a complex series of steps that is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. One such force is fluid shear stress, exerted on circulating tumor cells by blood flow in the vascular microenvironment, and also on tumor cells exposed to slow interstitial flows in the tumor microenvironment. Computational and experimental models have the potential to elucidate metastatic behavior of cells exposed to such forces. Here, we review the fluid-generated forces that tumor cells are exposed to in the vascular and tumor microenvironments, and discuss recent computational and experimental models that have revealed mechanotransduction phenomena that may play a role in the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA
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