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Kameswaran S, Gujjala S, Zhang S, Kondeti S, Mahalingam S, Bangeppagari M, Bellemkonda R. Quenching and quorum sensing in bacterial bio-films. Res Microbiol 2024; 175:104085. [PMID: 37268165 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is the ability of bacteria to monitor their population density and adjust gene expression accordingly. QS-regulated processes include host-microbe interactions, horizontal gene transfer, and multicellular behaviours (such as the growth and development of biofilm). The creation, transfer, and perception of bacterial chemicals known as autoinducers or QS signals are necessary for QS signalling (e.g. N-acylhomoserine lactones). Quorum quenching (QQ), another name for the disruption of QS signalling, comprises a wide range of events and mechanisms that are described and analysed in this study. In order to better comprehend the targets of the QQ phenomena that organisms have naturally developed and are currently being actively researched from practical perspectives, we first surveyed the diversity of QS-signals and QS-associated responses. Next, the mechanisms, molecular players, and targets related to QS interference are discussed, with a focus on natural QQ enzymes and compounds that function as QS inhibitors. To illustrate the processes and biological functions of QS inhibition in microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions, a few QQ paradigms are described in detail. Finally, certain QQ techniques are offered as potential instruments in a variety of industries, including agriculture, medical, aquaculture, crop production, and anti-biofouling areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Kameswaran
- Department of Botany, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhakara Gujjala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaray a University, Ananthapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, PR China
| | - Suresh Kondeti
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Sundararajan Mahalingam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Manjunatha Bangeppagari
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Tamaka, Kolar, 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh Bellemkonda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Karthika C, Malligarjunan N, Jothi R, Kasthuri T, Alexpandi R, Ravi AV, Pandian SK, Gowrishankar S. Two novel phages PSPa and APPa inhibit planktonic, sessile and persister populations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and mitigate its virulence in Zebrafish model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19033. [PMID: 37923820 PMCID: PMC10624879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the avenue of phage therapy as an alternative antimicrobial therapeutic approach to counter multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Our study investigated two novel virulent phages PSPa and APPa, specific to P. aeruginosa, in which in vitro evaluations were carried out to assess the therapeutic potential of phages. Both the identified phages exhibited host specificity by showing antagonistic activity of about 96.43% (27/28) and 92.85% (26/28) towards the 28 MDR clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The PSPa phage was found to have linear dsDNA with a sequence length of 66,368 bp and 92 ORFs, of which 32 were encoded for known functions of the phage life cycle and the remaining 60 were hypothetical functions. The APPa phage was found to have linear dsDNA with 59,591 bp of genome length and 79 ORFs, of which 15 were found to have known phage functions and the remaining 64 were found to be hypothetical proteins. Notably, the genome of both the phages lacks genes coding for tRNA, rRNA, and tmRNA. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that PSPa and APPa share > 95% sequence similarity with previously sequenced Pseudomonas viruses of their respective families. Further, the in vivo efficacy evaluation using the zebrafish model revealed that the treatment with PSPa and APPa has remarkably improved the survival rate of bacterial-infected zebrafish, reinforcing the anti-infective potential of the isolated phages PSPa and APPa against P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekar Karthika
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nambiraman Malligarjunan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravi Jothi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirupathi Kasthuri
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajaiah Alexpandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ashraf N, Anas A, Sukumaran V, Gopinath G, Idrees Babu KK, Dinesh Kumar PK. Recent advancements in coral health, microbiome interactions and climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163085. [PMID: 36996987 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Corals are the visible indicators of the disasters induced by global climate change and anthropogenic activities and have become a highly vulnerable ecosystem on the verge of extinction. Multiple stressors could act individually or synergistically which results in small to large scale tissue degradation, reduced coral covers, and makes the corals vulnerable to various diseases. The coralline diseases are like the Chicken pox in humans because they spread hastily throughout the coral ecosystem and can devastate the coral cover formed over centuries in an abbreviated time. The extinction of the entire reef ecosystem will alter the ocean and earth's amalgam of biogeochemical cycles causing a threat to the entire planet. The current manuscript provides an overview of the recent advancement in coral health, microbiome interactions and climate change. Culture dependent and independent approaches in studying the microbiome of corals, the diseases caused by microorganisms, and the reservoirs of coral pathogens are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the possibilities of protecting the coral reefs from diseases through microbiome transplantation and the capabilities of remote sensing in monitoring their health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizam Ashraf
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India
| | - Abdulaziz Anas
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India.
| | - Vrinda Sukumaran
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India
| | - Girish Gopinath
- Department of Climate Variability and Aquatic Ecosystems, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Puduvypu Campus, Kochi 682 508, India
| | - K K Idrees Babu
- Department of Science and Technology, Kavaratti, Lakshadweep 682555, India
| | - P K Dinesh Kumar
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India
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Antibiofilm activity of 3,3'-diindolylmethane on Staphylococcus aureus and its disinfection on common food-contact surfaces. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Askoura M, Yousef N, Mansour B, Yehia FAZA. Antibiofilm and staphyloxanthin inhibitory potential of terbinafine against Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo studies. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:21. [PMID: 35637481 PMCID: PMC9153124 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance is growing substantially, which necessitates the search for novel therapeutic options. Terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal agent that exhibits a broad spectrum of activity and is used in the treatment of dermatophytosis, could be a possible option to disarm S. aureus virulence. Methods Terbinafine inhibitory effect on staphyloxanthin was characterized by quantitative measurement of staphyloxanthin intermediates and molecular docking. The effect of terbinafine on S. aureus stress survival was characterized by viable counting. The anti-biofilm activity of terbinafine on S. aureus was assessed by the crystal violet assay and microscopy. Changes in S. aureus membrane following treatment with terbinafine were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The synergistic action of terbinafine in combination with conventional antibiotics was characterized using the checkerboard assay. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the impact of terbinafine on S. aureus gene expression. The influence of terbinafine on S. aureus pathogenesis was investigated in mice infection model. Results Terbinafine inhibits staphyloxanthin biosynthesis through targeting dehydrosqualene desaturase (CrtN). Docking analysis of terbinafine against the predicted active site of CrtN reveals a binding energy of − 9.579 kcal/mol exemplified by the formation of H-bonds, H-arene bonds, and hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions with the conserved amino acids of the receptor pocket. Terbinafine treated S. aureus was more susceptible to both oxidative and acid stress as well as human blood killing as compared to untreated cells. Targeting staphyloxanthin by terbinafine rendered S. aureus more sensitive to membrane acting antibiotics. Terbinafine interfered with S. aureus biofilm formation through targeting cell autoaggregation, hydrophobicity, and exopolysaccharide production. Moreover, terbinafine demonstrated a synergistic interaction against S. aureus when combined with conventional antibiotics. Importantly, terbinafine attenuated S. aureus pathogenesis using mice infection model. qRT-PCR revealed that terbinafine repressed expression of the transcriptional regulators sigB, sarA, and msaB, as well as icaA in S. aureus. Conclusions Present findings strongly suggest that terbinafine could be used safely and efficiently as an anti-virulent agent to combat S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen Askoura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Nehal Yousef
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Basem Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Belqas, Egypt
| | - Fatma Al-Zahraa A Yehia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Celastrol mitigates staphyloxanthin biosynthesis and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus via targeting key regulators of virulence; in vitro and in vivo approach. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:106. [PMID: 35421933 PMCID: PMC9011992 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of human infections. The spread of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci has driven the search for novel strategies to supersede antibiotics use. Thus, targeting bacterial virulence rather than viability could be a possible alternative.
Results
The influence of celastrol on staphyloxanthin (STX) biosynthesis, biofilm formation, antibiotic susceptibility and host pathogenesis in S. aureus has been investigated. Celastrol efficiently reduced STX biosynthesis in S. aureus. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and molecular docking revealed that celastrol inhibits STX biosynthesis through its effect on CrtM. Quantitative measurement of STX intermediates showed a significant pigment inhibition via interference of celastrol with CrtM and accumulation of its substrate, farnesyl diphosphate. Importantly, celastrol-treated S. aureus was more sensitive to environmental stresses and human blood killing than untreated bacteria. Similarly, inhibition of STX upon celastrol treatment rendered S. aureus more susceptible to membrane targeting antibiotics. In addition to its anti-pigment capability, celastrol exhibits significant anti-biofilm activity against S. aureus as indicated by crystal violet assay and microscopy. Celastrol-treated cells showed deficient exopolysaccharide production and cell hydrophobicity. Moreover, celastrol markedly synergized the action of conventional antibiotics against S. aureus and reduced bacterial pathogenesis in vivo using mice infection model. These findings were further validated using qRT-PCR, demonstrating that celastrol could alter the expression of STX biosynthesis genes as well as biofilm formation related genes and bacterial virulence.
Conclusions
Celastrol is a novel anti-virulent agent against S. aureus suggesting, a prospective therapeutic role for celastrol as a multi-targeted anti-pathogenic agent.
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Alarjani KM, Skalicky M. Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and its in-vitro potential inhibition efficiency. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:1796-1801. [PMID: 34756813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus infection is associated with hospitals and caused mortality in hospitalized patients. These biofilm-forming bacteria are associated with chronic infections in patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate the biofilm forming ability of multidrug resistant bacteria associated with hospital environment and analyze anti-biofilm compounds from the natural sources. METHODS The hospital wastewater sample was used for the isolation of drug resistant S. aureus strains. The biofilm producing ability was analyzed and the isolated S. aureus strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility patterns against various antibiotics. To screen suitable antibacterial agent, essential oil was extracted from Teucrium polium by hydrodistillation method and the compounds were determined by GC-MS analysis. The antimicrobial potential of essential oil was studied against S. aureus strains by disc diffusion method and biofilm inhibition property of essential oil was analyzed. The synergistic activity of essential oil was also analyzed. RESULTS A total of 13 S. aureus strains were isolated and almost all bacterial strains showed biofilm forming ability. Most of the isolated S. aureus strains showed resistance to ampicillin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol and vancomycin. The extracted essential oil showed pale yellow in colour with pleasant odour and the yield was about 0.9%. Twenty-two compounds were detected in GC-MS analysis which shared about 96% of the total determined chemical composition. The major compounds determined were α-pinene (5.3%), linalool (16.2%), caryophyllene (10.04%), germacrene D (37.2%), and β-eudesmol (6.1%). The extracted essential oil showed antibacterial activity and the zone of inhibition varied from 15 ± 1 to 21 ± 2 mm against S. aureus strains. The essential oil showed antibiofilm activity and synergistic activity against S. aureus strains. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed biofilm forming ability of drug resistant S. aureus strains isolated from the hospital wastewater. The isolated bacterial strains showed resistance against various tested antibiotics. The essential oil extracted from T. polium showed antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaloud M Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
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Dhananjayan N, Viswanathan K, Jeyaraj W, Ayyakannu A, Karuppasamy G. Antibiofilm and antimicrobial efficacy evaluation of polypyrrole nanotubes embedded in aminated gum acacia based nanocomposite. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:441-454. [PMID: 34694716 PMCID: PMC8675859 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustainable development of natural polysaccharide-based hybrid composites is highly important for the effective replacement of metal nanoparticles in diverse applications. Here, polypyrrole nanotubes (PPyNTs) were embedded on the surface of aminated gum acacia (AGA) to produce ecofriendly nanocomposites for biomedical applications. The morphology of a PPyNT-enhanced AGA (PPyNT@AGA) hybrid nanocomposite was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and their affirmed interactions were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Raman, Fourier transform-infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy. Interestingly, the prepared PPyNT@AGA nanocomposite exhibited 90% biofilm inhibition against gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and fungal strain Candida albicans with promising antimicrobial performance. This study establishes the good inhibition of a PPyNT@AGA hybrid composite against various microorganisms. The stability of the nanocomposite coupled with antimicrobial activity enables an effective strategy for diagnosing and controlling pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathiya Dhananjayan
- Department of Bioelectronics and BiosensorsAlagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia
| | | | - Wilson Jeyaraj
- Department of Bioelectronics and BiosensorsAlagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia
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Vijay K, Kiran GS, Divya S, Thangavel K, Thangavelu S, Dhandapani R, Selvin J. Fatty Acid Methyl Esters From the Coral-Associated Bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa Inhibit Virulence and Biofilm Phenotypes in Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro Approach. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:631853. [PMID: 33833739 PMCID: PMC8023275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.631853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to study the antibacterial, antivirulence and antibiofilm potentials of bacteria residing the tissue and surface mucus layers of the pristine corals, we screened a total of 43 distinct bacterial morphotypes from the coral Favites sp. Among the isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CBMGL12 with showed antibacterial, antivirulence and antibiofilm activity against multidrug resistant pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus (reference strain: MTCC96; community-acquired methicillin resistant strain: CA-MRSA). Extracellular products (ECP) from the coral-associated bacterium P. aeruginosa were solvent extracted, fractionated by chromatographic techniques such as silica column and HPLC-UV with concomitant bioassays guiding the fractionation of metabolites. Identification of bioactive chemical moieties was performed by FT-IR analysis, GC-MS/MS equipped with NIST library, 1H and 13C NMR spectral studies. We report the differential production of extracellular and cell-associated virulence and biofilm phenotypes in multi-drug resistant strains of S. aureus, post-treatment with the ECP containing aromatic fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) such as methyl benzoate and methyl phenyl acetate produced by a coral-associated bacterium. In conclusion, this study has identified antibacterial, antibiofilm and antivirulent FAME from the coral-associated P. aeruginosa for its ability to attenuate virulence and biofilms phenotypes in multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppiah Vijay
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.,Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - George Seghal Kiran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - S Divya
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Kavitha Thangavel
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - Ranjithkumar Dhandapani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - Joseph Selvin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Luo HZ, Zhou JW, Sun B, Jiang H, Tang S, Jia AQ. Inhibitory effect of norharmane on Serratia marcescens NJ01 quorum sensing-mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:145-160. [PMID: 33682541 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1874942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Serratia marcescens NJ01, a Gram-negative bacterium, can infect tomato leaves and cause chlorosis and wilting. The present study evaluated the quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm inhibitory effects of seven carboline compounds against S. marcescens NJ01 at 20 μg ml-1, and subsequently focused the study on norharmane as this had the best inhibitory activity. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the down-regulation of QS and biofilm related genes bsmA, bsmB, fimA, fimC, flhD, pigA, pigC and shlA on exposure to norharmane. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed a reduction in the major components of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix such as nucleic acids, proteins and fatty acids, which are involved in forming the tertiary structure of biofilms. Norharmane exposure also enhanced the susceptibility of the biofilm to ofloxacin. Hence, norharmane has the potential for use as an antibiotic adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics to reduce pathogenic bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Zhi Luo
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- School Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhou
- School of Food (Biological) Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Sun
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi Tang
- School Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- School Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Dutta K, Karmakar A, Jana D, Ballav S, Shityakov S, Panda AK, Ghosh C. Benzyl isocyanate isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:1000-1017. [PMID: 33172298 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1842877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzyl isocyanate (BIC), from methanol extract of Psidium guajava leaves, exhibited substantial anti-biofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus, the common bacterial pathogen in nosocomial infections. Major components of the extract included eugenol, BIC, phenyl-2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-acetate and 2,5-pyrrolidinedione,1-penta-3-4-dienyl, analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC studies. BIC exhibited substantial anti-biofilm activitiy against S. aureus, established by assaying biofilm formation, biofilm metabolic activity, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons, exopolysaccharide formation, and optical and scanning electron microscopic studies. BIC significantly downregulated the important biofilm markers of S. aureus, viz., icaAD, sarA and agr, observed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Molecular docking studies revealed thermodynamically favorable interaction of BIC with IcaA, SarA and Agr, having Gibbs energy values of -8.45, -9.09 and -10.29 kcal mol-1, respectively. BIC after binding to IcaR, the repressor of IcaA, influences its binding to target DNA site (Eshape, -157.27 kcal mol-1). The results are considered to demonstrate anti-biofilm potential of BIC against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Dutta
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Amit Karmakar
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Debarati Jana
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Saroj Ballav
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amiya Kumar Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandradipa Ghosh
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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Valliammai A, Selvaraj A, Yuvashree U, Aravindraja C, Karutha Pandian S. sarA-Dependent Antibiofilm Activity of Thymol Enhances the Antibacterial Efficacy of Rifampicin Against Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1744. [PMID: 32849374 PMCID: PMC7410925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious human pathogen which has been listed as a high-priority multi-drug resistance pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO). Persistent MRSA infections are often associated with biofilm formation and resistance to conventional antimicrobial therapy. Inhibiting the surface adherence and the virulence of the bacterium is the current alternative approach without affecting growth to reduce the possibility of resistance development. Although numerous antibiofilm agents have been identified, their mode of action remains unclear. Combining two drugs with different modes of action will improve the efficiency of the treatment strategy against MRSA. The present study was aimed to decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the antibiofilm activity of thymol against MRSA and assess the ability of thymol to improve the antibacterial activity of rifampicin. Thymol significantly inhibited 88% of MRSA biofilm formation at 100 μg/ml and reduced the surface adherence of MRSA on glass, stainless steel, and titanium surface coated with human plasma as evidenced by microscopic analyses. qPCR analysis of global virulence regulatory genes and biofilm assay with S. aureus wild type, ΔsarA, and Δagr strains revealed the sarA-mediated antibiofilm activity of thymol and inhibition of sarA-controlled virulence factors. Congo red assay and erythrocyte lysis assay further confirmed the reduction in polysaccharide intracellular adhesin and hemolysin. Importantly, thymol enhanced the antibacterial and the biofilm eradication efficiency of rifampicin against MRSA and also reduced the formation of persisters. Thus, the present study reveals the sarA-dependent antibiofilm efficacy of MRSA and suggests thymol as the promising combinatorial candidate in potentiating the antibacterial activity of rifampicin against persistent MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chairmandurai Aravindraja
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India.,Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Modolon F, Barno AR, Villela HDM, Peixoto RS. Ecological and biotechnological importance of secondary metabolites produced by coral-associated bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:1441-1457. [PMID: 32627318 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Symbiotic relationships between corals and their associated micro-organisms are essential to maintain host homeostasis. Coral-associated bacteria (CAB) can have different beneficial roles in the coral metaorganism, such as metabolizing essential nutrients for the coral host and protecting the coral from pathogens. Many CAB exert these functions via secondary metabolites, which include antibacterial, antifouling, antitumour, antiparasitic and antiviral compounds. This review describes how analysis of CAB has led to the discovery of secondary metabolites with potential biotechnological applications. The most commonly found types of secondary metabolites, antimicrobial and antibiofilm compounds, are emphasized and described. Recently developed methods that can be applied to enhance the culturing of CAB from shallow-water reefs and the less-studied deep-sea coral reefs are also discussed. Last, we suggest how the combined use of meta-omics and innovative growth-diffusion techniques can vastly improve the discovery of novel compounds in coral environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Modolon
- Department of Microbiology, Paulo de Góes Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A R Barno
- Department of Microbiology, Paulo de Góes Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - H D M Villela
- Department of Microbiology, Paulo de Góes Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R S Peixoto
- Department of Microbiology, Paulo de Góes Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,IMAM-AquaRio - Rio de Janeiro Aquarium Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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14
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Horváth M, Kovács T, Koderivalappil S, Ábrahám H, Rákhely G, Schneider G. Identification of a newly isolated lytic bacteriophage against K24 capsular type, carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5891. [PMID: 32246126 PMCID: PMC7125228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae strains (CP-Kps) in the last decade has become a serious global healthcare problem. Therapeutic options for the treatment of emerging hospital clones have drastically narrowed and therefore novel approaches must be considered. Here we have isolated and characterized a lytic bacteriophage, named vB_KpnS_Kp13, that was effective against all Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) producing K. pneumoniae isolates originating from hospital samples (urine, blood, sputum and faeces), belonging to the ST15 clonal lineage and expressing the K24 capsule. Morphological characterization of vB_KpnS_Kp13 showed that the newly identified phage belonged to the Siphoviridae family, and phylogenetic analysis showed that it is part of a distinct clade of the Tunavirinae subfamily. Functional analysis revealed that vB_KpnS_Kp13 had relatively short latent period times (18 minutes) compared to other K. pneumoniae bacteriophages and could degrade biofilm by more than 50% and 70% in 24 and 48 hours respectively. Complete in vivo rescue potential of the new phage was revealed in an intraperitoneal mouse model where phages were administered intraperitoneally 10 minutes after bacterial challenge. Our findings could potentially be used to develop specific anti-CP-Kps bacteriophage-based therapeutic strategies against major clonal lineages and serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Horváth
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanophagetherapy Center, Enviroinvest Corporation, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Hajnalka Ábrahám
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - György Schneider
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
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15
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Rajasabapathy R, Ghadi SC, Manikandan B, Mohandass C, Surendran A, Dastager SG, Meena RM, James RA. Antimicrobial profiling of coral reef and sponge associated bacteria from southeast coast of India. Microb Pathog 2020; 141:103972. [PMID: 31923557 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Culturable bacteria associated with marine sponges and coral mucus (collected from Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay) were screened for their prospective antimicrobial compounds against 9 bacterial pathogens (Bacillus megaterium, B. cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsillla pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii) and a fungal pathogen (Candida albicans). Of the 263 bacterial isolates obtained during this study, 52 isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against one or more pathogens. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that these 52 strains affiliated to 14 genera from three phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Sponge associated bacterial strains F-04, I-23, I-33 and G-03 inhibited the growth of all the bacterial pathogens tested in this study and significantly the former 2 strains inhibited the growth of fungal pathogen also. Majority of the potential strains (88.4% out of 52 strains) inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus. Interestingly, an actinomycete strain F-04 (isolated from sponge Orina sagittaria) inhibited the growth of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In total, 10 volatile organic compounds were determined from the ethyl acetate and hexane extract of the strain F-04 using GC-MS. Overall, marine bacteria isolated during this study demonstrate the potential for the development of broad spectrum antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Rajasabapathy
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, 403 206, Goa, India.
| | - Sanjeev C Ghadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, 403 206, Goa, India
| | - Balakrishnan Manikandan
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Chellandi Mohandass
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India; CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Lokhandwala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400 053, India
| | - Akhila Surendran
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India; Department of Marine Microbiology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, 682506, India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- NCIM Resource Center, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ram M Meena
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Rathinam Arthur James
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India.
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16
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Valliammai A, Sethupathy S, Priya A, Selvaraj A, Bhaskar JP, Krishnan V, Pandian SK. 5-Dodecanolide interferes with biofilm formation and reduces the virulence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through up regulation of agr system. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13744. [PMID: 31551455 PMCID: PMC6760239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a predominant human pathogen with high morbidity that is listed in the WHO high priority pathogen list. Being a primary cause of persistent human infections, biofilm forming ability of S. aureus plays a pivotal role in the development of antibiotic resistance. Hence, targeting biofilm is an alternative strategy to fight bacterial infections. The present study for the first time demonstrates the non-antibacterial biofilm inhibitory efficacy of 5-Dodecanolide (DD) against ATCC strain and clinical isolates of S. aureus. In addition, DD is able to inhibit adherence of MRSA on human plasma coated Titanium surface. Further, treatment with DD significantly reduced the eDNA synthesis, autoaggregation, staphyloxanthin biosynthesis and ring biofilm formation. Reduction in staphyloxanthin in turn increased the susceptibility of MRSA to healthy human blood and H2O2 exposure. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed the induced expression of agrA and agrC upon DD treatment. This resulted down regulation of genes involved in biofilm formation such as fnbA and fnbB and up regulation of RNAIII, hld, psmα and genes involved in biofilm matrix degradation such as aur and nuc. Inefficacy of DD on the biofilm formation of agr mutant further validated the agr mediated antibiofilm potential of DD. Notably, DD was efficient in reducing the in vivo colonization of MRSA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Results of gene expression studies and physiological assays unveiled the agr mediated antibiofilm efficacy of DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaguvel Valliammai
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivasamy Sethupathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Arumugam Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anthonymuthu Selvaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Selvaraj A, Jayasree T, Valliammai A, Pandian SK. Myrtenol Attenuates MRSA Biofilm and Virulence by Suppressing sarA Expression Dynamism. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2027. [PMID: 31551964 PMCID: PMC6737500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a deleterious human pathogen responsible for severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogen has attained high priority in the World Health Organization (WHO) - Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens list. Emerging MDR strains of S. aureus are clinically challenging due to failure in conventional antibiotic therapy. Biofilm formation is one of the underlying mechanisms behind the antibiotic resistance. Hence, attenuating biofilm formation has become an alternative strategy to control persistent infections. The current study is probably the first that focuses on the antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of myrtenol against MRSA and its clinical isolates. Myrtenol exhibited a concentration-dependent biofilm inhibition without causing any harmful effect on cell growth and viability. Further, microscopic analysis validated the biofilm inhibitory efficacy of myrtenol against MRSA. In addition, myrtenol inhibited the synthesis of major virulence factors including slime, lipase, α-hemolysin, staphyloxanthin and autolysin. Inhibition of staphyloxanthin in turn sensitized the MRSA cells to healthy human blood and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Notably, myrtenol treated cells were deficient in extracellular DNA (eDNA) mediated autoaggregation as eDNA releasing autolysis was impaired by myrtenol. Biofilm disruptive activity on preformed biofilms was observed at concentrations higher than minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of myrtenol. Also, the non-cytotoxic effect of myrtenol on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was evidenced by trypan blue and Alamar blue assays. Transcriptional analysis unveiled the down-regulation of global regulator sarA and sarA mediated virulence genes upon myrtenol treatment, which is well correlated with results of phenotypic assays. Thus, the results of the present study revealed the sarA mediated antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of myrtenol against MRSA.
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18
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Saber H, Alwaleed EA, Ebnalwaled K, Sayed A, Salem W. Efficacy of silver nanoparticles mediated by Jania rubens and Sargassum dentifolium macroalgae; Characterization and biomedical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hani Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Alwaleed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - K.A. Ebnalwaled
- Electronics & Nano Devices Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Egypt Nanotechnology Center (EGNC), Cairo University Sheikh Zayed Campus, 12588 Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Sayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Wesam Salem
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
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19
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Jacalin-copper sulfide nanoparticles complex enhance the antibacterial activity against drug resistant bacteria via cell surface glycan recognition. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 163:209-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Neopane P, Nepal HP, Shrestha R, Uehara O, Abiko Y. In vitro biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds of hospital-admitted patients and their association with antimicrobial resistance. Int J Gen Med 2018; 11:25-32. [PMID: 29403304 PMCID: PMC5779313 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s153268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has the propensity to form biofilms, and causes significant mortality and morbidity in the patients with wounds. Our aim was to study the in vitro biofilm-forming ability of S. aureus isolated from wounds of hospitalized patients and their association with antimicrobial resistance. Materials and methods Forty-three clinical isolates of S. aureus were obtained from 150 pus samples using standard microbiological techniques. Biofilm formation in these isolates was detected by tissue culture plate (TCP) method and tube adherence method (TM). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MRSA was detected using the cefoxitin disk test. Results Biofilm formation was observed in 30 (69.8%) and 28 (65.1%) isolates of S. aureus via TCP method and TM, respectively. Biofilm-producing S. aureus exhibited a higher incidence of antimicrobial resistance when compared with the biofilm nonproducers (P<0.05). Importantly, 86.7% of biofilm-producing S. aureus were multidrug resistant (MDR), whereas all the biofilm nonproducers were non-MDR (P<0.05). Large proportions (43.3%) of biofilm producers were identified as MRSA; however, none of the biofilm nonproducers were found to be MRSA (P<0.05). Conclusion Both the in vitro methods showed that S. aureus isolated from wound infection of hospitalized patients have high degree of biofilm-forming ability. Biofilm-producing strains have very high tendency to exhibit antimicrobial resistance, multidrug resistance and methicillin resistance. Regular surveillance of biofilm formation by S. aureus and their antimicrobial resistance profile may lead to the early treatment of the wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Neopane
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal.,Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Hari Prasad Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, Trinity School of Medicine, Kingstown, St. Vincent and the Grenadines
| | - Rojeet Shrestha
- School of Medicine, Washington University of Barbados, St. Philip, Barbados
| | - Osamu Uehara
- Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
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21
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Ghosh R, Das MC, Sarkar A, Das A, Sandhu P, Dinda B, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S, De UC. Exploration of Phytoconstituents from Mussaenda roxburghii
and Studies of Their Antibiofilm Effect. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Manash C. Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Arpita Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Antu Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Kangra District 176206 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Biswanath Dinda
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Kangra District 176206 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
| | - Utpal Ch. De
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799022 Tripura India
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22
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Goswami S, Sarkar R, Saha P, Maity A, Sarkar T, Das D, Chakraborty PD, Bandyopadhyay S, Ghosh CK, Karmakar S, Sen T. Effect of human placental extract in the management of biofilm mediated drug resistance - A focus on wound management. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:307-315. [PMID: 28867635 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Management of infectious wounds, particularly chronic wounds and burn injuries, is a matter of global concern. Worldwide estimates reveal that, billions of dollars are being spent annually for the management of such chronic ailments. Evidently, bacterial biofilms pose a greater problem in the effective management of infection in chronic wounds, since most of the currently available antibiotics are unable to act on the microorganisms residing inside the protected environment of the biofilms. Accordingly, in the present study, we have attempted to evaluate the anti-biofilm properties of human placental extract (PLX) and also other virulence factors that are mediated via the quorum sensing (QS) signalling system. PLX is well known for its anti inflammatory action and it has been shown earlier some anti microbial and enzymatic activity also. PLX was found to produce significant inhibition of biofilm formation and also decreased the levels of pyoverdin and pyocyanin. The microscopic analysis (both light microscopy and atomic force microscopy) of biofilms was also used for substantiating the findings from spectrophotometric (crystal violet estimation) and fluorescence analysis (resazurin uptake). PLX pre-treatment decreased the hydrophobicity of gram-positive and gram negative cells, indicating the effect of placental extract on adherence property of planktonic cell, serving as an indicator for its antibiofilm effect on microorganisms. The reduced extracellular DNA (eDNA) content in biofilm matrix following treatment with PLX also indicates the effectiveness of placenta extract on bacterial adherence, which in turn serves as evidence substantiating the antibiofilm effects of the PLX. Furthermore, PLX was also found to be significantly effective in the in vitro wound biofilm model. Thus the present study, the first of its kind with PLX, establishes the therapeutic benefit of the same particularly in infected wounds, opening up newer avenue for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Goswami
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; Albert David Ltd., Kolkata 700001, India.
| | - Ratul Sarkar
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pritam Saha
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amit Maity
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tridib Sarkar
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Debmalya Das
- School of Material Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | | | - Chandan Kumar Ghosh
- School of Material Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; Bioequivalence Study Center, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tuhinadri Sen
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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Balabanova L, Podvolotskaya A, Slepchenko L, Eliseikina M, Noskova Y, Nedashkovskaya O, Son O, Tekutyeva L, Rasskazov V. Nucleolytic enzymes from the marine bacterium Cobetia amphilecti KMM 296 with antibiofilm activity and biopreservative effect on meat products. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Kannappan A, Gowrishankar S, Srinivasan R, Pandian SK, Ravi AV. Antibiofilm activity of Vetiveria zizanioides root extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Pathog 2017; 110:313-324. [PMID: 28710012 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading human pathogen responsible for causing chronic clinical manifestation worldwide. In addition to antibiotic resistance genes viz. mecA and vanA, biofilm formation plays a prominent role in the pathogenicity of S. aureus by enhancing its resistance to existing antibiotics. Considering the role of folk medicinal plants in the betterment of human health from the waves of multidrug resistant bacterial infections, the present study was intended to explore the effect of Vetiveria zizanioides root on the biofilm formation of MRSA and its clinical counterparts. V. zizanioides root extract (VREX) showed a concentration-dependent reduction in biofilm formation without hampering the cellular viability of the tested strains. Micrographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) portrayed the devastating impact of VREX on biofilm formation. In addition to antibiofilm activity, VREX suppresses the production of biofilm related phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide, slime and α-hemolysin toxin. Furthermore, variation in FT-IR spectra evidenced the difference in cellular factors of untreated and VREX treated samples. Result of mature biofilm disruption assay and down regulation of genes like fnbA, fnbB, clfA suggested that VREX targets these adhesin genes responsible for initial adherence. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of sesquiterpenes as a major constituent in VREX. Thus, the data of present study strengthen the ethnobotanical value of V. zizanioides and concludes that VREX contain bioactive molecules that have beneficial effect over the biofilm formation of MRSA and its clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Kannappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramanathan Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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25
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Gupta P, Sarkar A, Sandhu P, Daware A, Das M, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Potentiation of antibiotic againstPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm: a study with plumbagin and gentamicin. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:246-261. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - A. Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - P. Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - A. Daware
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - M.C. Das
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - Y. Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - S. Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
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26
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Carcinogenic Activities and Sperm Abnormalities of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Inhibition of Their Virulence Potentials by Ayamycin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:833-852. [PMID: 28389766 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This investigation aimed to study the in vivo harmful effects of the subcutaneous injection of different methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus extracts (MRSA2, MRSA4, MRSA10, MRSA69, MRSA70, MRSA76, and MRSA78). Such strains represented the highest minimum inhibition concentration toward methicillin with various multidrug-resistant patterns. The obtained results revealed that rats injected with the MRSA4 extract died immediately after the last dose indicating the high cytotoxicity of MRSA4 strain (100% mortality). While the mortalities in other groups injected by the other MRSA extracts ranged from 50 to 75%. In comparison with the normal animal group, all MRSA extracts induced a hepatotoxic effect which was indicated from the significant (p < 0.01) increases in the activities of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) enzymes. Moreover, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) combined with a partial nephrotoxicity that was monitored from the significant elevation of serum urea concentration. While serum creatinine levels did not affect. Similarly, a significant elevation was recorded in serum levels of tumor biomarkers (alpha fetoprotein; AFP, carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA, and lactate dehydrogenase; LDH) reflecting their carcinogenic potential. On the other hand, the percentage of micronuclei (MN) in polychromatic erythrocytes from bone marrow cells was statistically significant in all groups as compared to the control group. The percentage of sperm abnormalities was statistically significant compared to the control. Different types of head abnormalities and coiled tail were recorded. Consequently, the current study focused on fighting MRSA virulence factors by the new compound ayamycin, which proved to be potent anti-virulence factor against all MRSA strains under study by significant decreasing of their streptokinase activities, hemolysin synthesis, biofilm formation, and their cell surface hydrophobicity.
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Balasubramanian S, Othman EM, Kampik D, Stopper H, Hentschel U, Ziebuhr W, Oelschlaeger TA, Abdelmohsen UR. Marine Sponge-Derived Streptomyces sp. SBT343 Extract Inhibits Staphylococcal Biofilm Formation. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:236. [PMID: 28261188 PMCID: PMC5311426 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial and chronic biofilm-associated infections. Indwelling medical devices and contact lenses are ideal ecological niches for formation of staphylococcal biofilms. Bacteria within biofilms are known to display reduced susceptibilities to antimicrobials and are protected from the host immune system. High rates of acquired antibiotic resistances in staphylococci and other biofilm-forming bacteria further hamper treatment options and highlight the need for new anti-biofilm strategies. Here, we aimed to evaluate the potential of marine sponge-derived actinomycetes in inhibiting biofilm formation of several strains of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results from in vitro biofilm-formation assays, as well as scanning electron and confocal microscopy, revealed that an organic extract derived from the marine sponge-associated bacterium Streptomyces sp. SBT343 significantly inhibited staphylococcal biofilm formation on polystyrene, glass and contact lens surfaces, without affecting bacterial growth. The extract also displayed similar antagonistic effects towards the biofilm formation of other S. epidermidis and S. aureus strains tested but had no inhibitory effects towards Pseudomonas biofilms. Interestingly the extract, at lower effective concentrations, did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast, macrophage and human corneal epithelial cell lines. Chemical analysis by High Resolution Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) of the Streptomyces sp. SBT343 extract proportion revealed its chemical richness and complexity. Preliminary physico-chemical characterization of the extract highlighted the heat-stable and non-proteinaceous nature of the active component(s). The combined data suggest that the Streptomyces sp. SBT343 extract selectively inhibits staphylococcal biofilm formation without interfering with bacterial cell viability. Due to absence of cell toxicity, the extract might represent a good starting material to develop a future remedy to block staphylococcal biofilm formation on contact lenses and thereby to prevent intractable contact lens-mediated ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman M Othman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia UniversityMinia, Egypt
| | - Daniel Kampik
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ute Hentschel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, RD3 Marine Microbiology, and Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel Kiel, Germany
| | - Wilma Ziebuhr
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Usama R Abdelmohsen
- Department of Botany II, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of WürzburgWürzburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia UniversityMinia, Egypt
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Das MC, Paul S, Gupta P, Tribedi P, Sarkar S, Manna D, Bhattacharjee S. 3-Amino-4-aminoximidofurazan derivatives: small molecules possessing antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:842-59. [PMID: 26785169 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The therapeutic treatment of microbial infections involving biofilm becomes quite challenging because of its increasing antibiotic resistance capacities. Towards this direction, in the present study we have evaluated the antibiofilm property of synthesized 3-amino-4-aminoximidofurazan compounds having polyamine skeleton. These derivatives were synthesized by incorporating furazan and biguanide moieties. METHODS AND RESULTS Different 3-amino-4-aminoximidofurazan derivatives (PI1-4) were synthesized via protic acid catalysis and subsequently characterized by (1) H NMR and (13) C NMR spectra, recorded at 400 and 100 MHz respectively. We have tested the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of these synthetic derivatives (PI1-4) against both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compounds so tested were also compared with standard antibiotics namely Tobramycin (Ps. aeruginosa) and Azithromycin (Staph. aureus) which were used as a positive control in all experimental sets. All these compounds (PI1-4) exhibited moderate to significant antimicrobial activities against both micro-organisms wherein compound PI3 showed maximum activity. Biofilm inhibition of both micro-organisms was then evaluated by crystal violet and safranin staining, estimation of biofilm total protein and microscopy methods using sub-MIC dose of these compounds. Results showed that all compounds executed anti biofilm activity against both Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa wherein compound PI3 exhibited maximum activity. In relation with microbial biofilm inhibition, we have observed reduction in bacterial motility, proteolytic activity and secreted exo-polysaccharide (EPS) from both Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa when they were grown in presence of these compounds. While addressing the issue of toxicity on host, we have observed that these molecules exhibited minimum level of R.B.C degradation. CONCLUSION These findings establish the antibacterial and anti biofilm properties of 3-amino-4-aminoximidofurazan derivatives (PI1-4). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Therefore, our current findings demonstrate that 3-amino-4-aminoximidofurazan derivatives (PI1-4) may hold promise to be effective biofilm and microbial inhibitors that may be clinically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - S Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - P Tribedi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Azara, Assam, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - D Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - S Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, India
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Srinivasan R, Devi KR, Kannappan A, Pandian SK, Ravi AV. Piper betle and its bioactive metabolite phytol mitigates quorum sensing mediated virulence factors and biofilm of nosocomial pathogen Serratia marcescens in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:592-603. [PMID: 27721053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piper betle, a tropical creeper plant belongs to the family Piperaceae. The leaves of this plant have been well known for their therapeutic, religious and ceremonial value in South and Southeast Asia. It has also been reported to possess several biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antinociceptive, antidiabetic, insecticidal and gastroprotective activities and used as a common ingredient in indigenous medicines. In Indian system of ayurvedic medicine, P. betle has been well recognized for its antiseptic properties and is commonly applied on wounds and lesions for its healing effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) and antibiofilm efficacy of P. betle and its bioactive metabolite phytol against Serratia marcescens. MATERIALS AND METHODS The P. betle ethyl acetate extract (PBE) was evaluated for its anti-QS efficacy against S. marcescens by assessing the prodigiosin and lipase production at 400 and 500µgml-1 concentrations. In addition, the biofilm biomass quantification assay was performed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of PBE against S. marcescens. Besides, the influence of PBE on bacterial biofilm formation was assessed through microscopic techniques. The biofilm related phenomenons like exopolysaccharides (EPS) production, hydrophobicity and swarming motility were also examined to support the antibiofilm activity of PBE. Transcriptional analysis of QS regulated genes in S. marcescens was also done. Characterization of PBE was done by separation through column chromatography and identification of active metabolites by gas chromatography -mass spectrometry. The major compounds of active fractions such as hexadecanoic acid, eugenol and phytol were assessed for their anti-QS activity against S. marcescens. Further, the in vitro bioassays such as protease, biofilm and HI quantification were also carried out to confirm the anti-QS and antibiofilm potential of phytol in PBE. RESULTS PBE inhibits QS mediated prodigiosin pigment production in S. marcescens, which confirmed its anti-QS potential against S. marcescens. At 500µgml-1 concentration, PBE significantly inhibited the production of protease, lipase, biofilm and EPS to the level of 71%, 68%, 65% and 43% in S. marcescens, respectively. Further, their antibiofilm efficacy was confirmed through microscopic techniques. In addition, PBE effectively inhibited the hydrophobicity and swarming motility. Additionally, the results of qPCR analysis validated the downregulation of QS genes. Chromatographic techniques the presence of hexadecanoic acid, eugenol and phytol in PBE and the potential bioactive compound with anti-QS activity was identified as phytol. In vitro assays with phytol evidenced the potent inhibition of QS-controlled prodigiosin, protease, biofilm and hydrophobicity in S. marcescens, without exerting any deleterious effect on its growth. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the promising anti-QS and antibiofilm activities of PBE and its active metabolite phytol, and confirms the ethnopharmacological applications of these leaves against S. marcescens infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannan Rama Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalam Kannappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Biosynthesis of Glycomonoterpenes to Attenuate Quorum Sensing Associated Virulence in Bacteria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:1533-1548. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Carlos C, Pereira LB, Ottoboni LMM. Comparative genomics of Paracoccus sp. SM22M-07 isolated from coral mucus: insights into bacteria-host interactions. Curr Genet 2016; 63:509-518. [PMID: 27796486 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-016-0658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the main goals of coral microbiology is to understand the ways in which coral-bacteria associations are established and maintained. This work describes the sequencing of the genome of Paracoccus sp. SM22M-07 isolated from the mucus of the endemic Brazilian coral species Mussismilia hispida. Comparative analysis was used to identify unique genomic features of SM22M-07 that might be involved in its adaptation to the marine ecosystem and the nutrient-rich environment provided by coral mucus, as well as in the establishment and strengthening of the interaction with the host. These features included genes related to the type IV protein secretion system, erythritol catabolism, and succinoglycan biosynthesis. We experimentally confirmed the production of succinoglycan by Paracoccus sp. SM22M-07 and we hypothesize that it may be involved in the association of the bacterium with coral surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Carlos
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53703, USA.
| | - Letícia Bianca Pereira
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), C. P. 6010, Campinas, SP, 13083-875, Brazil
| | - Laura Maria Mariscal Ottoboni
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), C. P. 6010, Campinas, SP, 13083-875, Brazil
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Viszwapriya D, Subramenium GA, Radhika S, Pandian SK. Betulin inhibits cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans by targeting vicRK and gtf genes. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 110:153-165. [PMID: 27757704 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans, a multivirulent pathogen is considered the primary etiological agent in dental caries. Development of antibiotic resistance in the pathogen has created a need for novel antagonistic agents which can control the virulence of the organism and reduce resistance development. The present study demonstrates the in vitro anti-virulence potential of betulin (lup-20(29)-ene-3β,28-diol), an abundantly available plant triterpenoid against S. mutans UA159. Betulin exhibited significant dose dependent antibiofilm activity without affecting bacterial viability. At 240 µg/ml (biofilm inhibitory concentration), betulin inhibited biofilm formation and adherence to smooth glass surfaces by 93 and 71 % respectively. It reduced water insoluble glucan synthesis by 89 %, in conjunction with down regulation of gtfBC genes. Microscopic analysis confirmed the disruption in biofilm architecture and decreased exopolysaccharide production. Acidogenicity and aciduricity, key virulence factors responsible for carious lesions, were also notably affected. The induced auto-aggregation of cells upon treatment could be due to the down regulation of vicK. Results of gene expression analysis demonstrated significant down-regulation of virulence genes upon betulin treatment. Furthermore, the nontoxic effect of betulin on peripheral blood mononuclear cells even after 72 h treatment makes it a strong candidate for assessing its suitability to be used as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmaprakash Viszwapriya
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, II Floor, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 004, India
| | | | - Solai Radhika
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, II Floor, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 004, India
| | - Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, II Floor, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 004, India.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Biofilm Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Patients Associated with Pharyngitis Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1289157. [PMID: 27761465 PMCID: PMC5059529 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1289157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was deliberately aimed at evaluating the biofilm-forming ability of 63 clinical MRSA isolates recovered from pharyngitis patients through different phenotypic assays. The molecular detection of adhesion (icaA/icaD/icaB/icaC), adhesins (fnbA/fnbB, clfA, and cna), staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA), and α-toxin (hla) genes was done by employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of 63 isolates, 49 (77.8%) were found slime positive by the Congo red agar (CRA) method and 44 (69.8%) as biofilm positive by the quantitative microtitre plate assays. The results of MATH assay showed that most of the test pathogens are hydrophilic in nature. The molecular investigation of biofilm-associated genes revealed that 84.13% (n = 53) of isolates were found positive for icaADBC genes. The fnbA and fnbB genes were present in 49 (77.8%) and 51 (81%) MRSA isolates, respectively. In addition, 58.7% (n = 37), 73% (n = 46), and 69.8% (n = 44) of the isolates harboured the clfA, cna, and hla genes, respectively. Further, nearly 81% (n = 51) of the isolates were found positive for the gene sarA and all the ica negative isolates were also negative for the gene. Furthermore, the results of in vivo adherence assay unveiled the factual commonness in the in vitro adherence method.
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Viszwapriya D, Subramenium GA, Prithika U, Balamurugan K, Pandian SK. Betulin inhibits virulence and biofilm ofStreptococcus pyogenesby suppressingropBcore regulon,sagAanddltA. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw088. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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He Z, Huang Z, Zhou W, Tang Z, Ma R, Liang J. Anti-biofilm Activities from Resveratrol against Fusobacterium nucleatum. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1065. [PMID: 27458454 PMCID: PMC4932316 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that plays an important role in dental plaque biofilm formation. In this study, we evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a phytoalexin compound, on F. nucleatum biofilm formation. The effects of different concentrations of resveratrol on biofilms formed on 96-well microtiter plates at different time points were determined by the MTT assay. The structures and thicknesses of the biofilm were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and gene expression was investigated by real-time PCR. The results showed that resveratrol at sub-MIC levels can significantly decrease biofilm formation, whereas it does not affect the bacterial growth rate. It was observed by CLSM images that the biofilm was visually decreased with increasing concentrations of resveratrol. Gene expression was down regulated in the biofilm in the presence of resveratrol. Our results revealed that resveratrol can effectively inhibit biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan He
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Zisheng Tang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Jingping Liang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
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Das MC, Sandhu P, Gupta P, Rudrapaul P, De UC, Tribedi P, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by Vitexin: A combinatorial study with azithromycin and gentamicin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23347. [PMID: 27000525 PMCID: PMC4802347 DOI: 10.1038/srep23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilm are communities of surface-adhered cells enclosed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Extensive use of antibiotics to treat biofilm associated infections has led to the emergence of multiple drug resistant strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognised as a model biofilm forming pathogenic bacterium. Vitexin, a polyphenolic group of phytochemical with antimicrobial property, has been studied for its antibiofilm potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in combination with azithromycin and gentamicin. Vitexin shows minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 260 μg/ml. It’s antibiofilm activity was evaluated by safranin staining, protein extraction, microscopy methods, quantification of EPS and in vivo models using several sub-MIC doses. Various quorum sensing (QS) mediated phenomenon such as swarming motility, azocasein degrading protease activity, pyoverdin and pyocyanin production, LasA and LasB activity of the bacteria were also evaluated. Results showed marked attenuation in biofilm formation and QS mediated phenotype of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in presence of 110 μg/ml vitexin in combination with azithromycin and gentamicin separately. Molecular docking of vitexin with QS associated LuxR, LasA, LasI and motility related proteins showed high and reasonable binding affinity respectively. The study explores the antibiofilm potential of vitexin against P. aeruginosa which can be used as a new antibiofilm agent against microbial biofilm associated pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manash C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Priya Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prasenjit Rudrapaul
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Utpal C De
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam 781017, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
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Gowrishankar S, Sivaranjani M, Kamaladevi A, Ravi AV, Balamurugan K, Karutha Pandian S. Cyclic dipeptide cyclo(l-leucyl-l-prolyl) from marineBacillus amyloliquefaciensmitigates biofilm formation and virulence inListeria monocytogenes. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw017. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Lee JH, Kim YG, Lee K, Kim CJ, Park DJ, Ju Y, Lee JC, Wood TK, Lee J. Streptomyces-derived actinomycin D inhibits biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and its hemolytic activity. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:45-56. [PMID: 26785934 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1125888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile human pathogen that produces diverse virulence factors, and its biofilm cells are difficult to eradicate due to their inherent ability to tolerate antibiotics. The anti-biofilm activities of the spent media of 252 diverse endophytic microorganisms were investigated using three S. aureus strains. An attempt was made to identify anti-biofilm compounds in active spent media and to assess their anti-hemolytic activities and hydrophobicities in order to investigate action mechanisms. Unlike other antibiotics, actinomycin D (0.5 μg ml(-1)) from Streptomyces parvulus significantly inhibited biofilm formation by all three S. aureus strains. Actinomycin D inhibited slime production in S. aureus and it inhibited hemolysis by S. aureus and caused S. aureus cells to become less hydrophobic, thus supporting its anti-biofilm effect. In addition, surface coatings containing actinomycin D prevented S. aureus biofilm formation on glass surfaces. Given these results, FDA-approved actinomycin D warrants further attention as a potential antivirulence agent against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyung Lee
- a School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Guy Kim
- a School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Kayeon Lee
- a School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Kim
- b Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Park
- b Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjung Ju
- b Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chan Lee
- c Institute of Microbial Ecology and Resources , Mokwon University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas K Wood
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA
| | - Jintae Lee
- a School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
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Chen X, Shang F, Meng Y, Li L, Cui Y, Zhang M, Qi K, Xue T. Ethanol extract of Sanguisorba officinalis L. inhibits biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an ica-dependent manner. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:8486-91. [PMID: 26454299 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial pathogen that shows resistance to many antibiotics and is usually associated with serious infections. Having the ability for biofilm formation increases resistance to antibiotics. Sanguisorba officinalis L. is a perennial plant that is distributed in the northern districts of China and has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, the effect of S. officinalis on MRSA strain SA3 isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis was evaluated by testing the growth and biofilm formation ability of MRSA cultured with or without ethanol extracts of S. officinalis. The results showed that the ethanol extract of S. officinalis strongly inhibited the biofilm formation of MRSA. With a confocal laser scanning microscope system, we observed that the biofilm structure of the test group with the addition of S. officinalis appeared looser and had less biomass compared with the control group without S. officinalis. Furthermore, we found that the transcript levels of the icaADBC operon remarkably decreased upon addition of the ethanol extract of S. officinalis, indicating that S. officinalis inhibits biofilm formation of MRSA in an ica-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Fei Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yajing Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Long Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yunmei Cui
- School of Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
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Sivasankar C, Ponmalar A, Bhaskar JP, Pandian SK. Glutathione as a promising anti-hydrophobicity agent against Malassezia spp. Mycoses 2015; 58:620-31. [PMID: 26334025 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The genus Malassezia has recently attracted wide attention in medical microbiology and dermatology as a pathogen. They are lipophilic yeasts possessing high level of cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH). L-glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous antioxidant which offers protection against microbial infections. This study is intended to investigate the role of GSH as a potential anti-hydrophobicity agent against Malazessia spp. Microbial adherence to hydrocarbon assay was performed to assess the anti-hydrophobicity activity (AHA) of GSH against four Malassezia spp. The assay revealed that GSH at 400 μg ml(-1) concentration inhibited CSH, ranging from 84% to 95% in M. furfur, M. globosa, M. restricta and M. sympodialis without killing the cells. The AHA of GSH was corroborated by auto-aggregation assay and zeta-potential measurement, through which delayed cell aggregation was observed due to reduction in CSH level and not by modification in cell surface charge. In addition, colony-forming unit assay was performed in which 62-93% of CSH reduction was observed in Malassezia spp. tested. Furthermore, GSH treatment enhanced the sensitivity of Malassezia spp. towards human blood at the rate of 64-72%. The AHA was further confirmed through Fourier transform infrared analysis. Thus, this study portrays GSH as a prospective therapeutic alternative for Malassezia-mediated infections.
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Sarkar R, Mondal C, Bera R, Chakraborty S, Barik R, Roy P, Kumar A, Yadav KK, Choudhury J, Chaudhary SK, Samanta SK, Karmakar S, Das S, Mukherjee PK, Mukherjee J, Sen T. Antimicrobial properties of K
alanchoe blossfeldiana: a focus on drug resistance with particular reference to quorum sensing-mediated bacterial biofilm formation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:951-62. [PMID: 25827848 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study attempts to investigate the antimicrobial properties of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana with a particular reference to quorum sensing (QS)-mediated biofilm formation.
Methods
The methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana leaves (MEKB) was evaluated for antimicrobial properties including QS-controlled production of biofilm (including virulence factor, motility and lactone formation) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana was also evaluated for anti-cytokine (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta) properties in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
Key findings
Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana exhibited antimicrobial effect on clinical isolates, as well as standard reference strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to MEKB (subminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)) displayed reduced biofilm formation, whereas supra-MIC produced destruction of preformed biofilms. Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana reduced the secretion of virulence factors (protease and pyoverdin) along with generation of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). Confocal laser scanning microscopy images indicate reduction of biofilm thickness. The extract also reduced cytokine formation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMC.
Conclusions
K alanchoe blossfeldiana was found to interfere with AHL production, which in turn may be responsible for downregulating QS-mediated production of biofilm and virulence. This first report on the antibiofilm and anticytokine properties of this plant may open up new vistas for future exploration of this plant for combating biofilm-related resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratul Sarkar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chaitali Mondal
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sumon Chakraborty
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajib Barik
- TCG Life Sciences Ltd, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Paramita Roy
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alekh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kirendra K Yadav
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Choudhury
- Department of Environmental Studies, School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushil K Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Samir K Samanta
- Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Uluberia, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Satadal Das
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, B.K. Roy Research Center, Peerless Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- Department of Environmental Studies, School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tuhinadri Sen
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Gowrishankar S, Poornima B, Pandian SK. Inhibitory efficacy of cyclo(l-leucyl-l-prolyl) from mangrove rhizosphere bacterium–Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (MMS-50) toward cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans. Res Microbiol 2014; 165:278-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Alasil SM, Omar R, Ismail S, Yusof MY. Antibiofilm activity, compound characterization, and acute toxicity of extract from a novel bacterial species of paenibacillus. Int J Microbiol 2014; 2014:649420. [PMID: 24790603 PMCID: PMC3982407 DOI: 10.1155/2014/649420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of many antimicrobial agents is currently decreasing; therefore, it is important to search for alternative therapeutics. Our study was carried out to assess the in vitro antibiofilm activity using microtiter plate assay, to characterize the bioactive compounds using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and to test the oral acute toxicity on Sprague Dawley rats of extract derived from a novel bacterial species of Paenibacillus strain 139SI. Our results indicate that the crude extract and its three identified compounds exhibit strong antibiofilm activity against a broad range of clinically important pathogens. Three potential compounds were identified including an amino acid antibiotic C8H20N3O4P (MW 253.237), phospholipase A2 inhibitor C21H36O5 (MW 368.512), and an antibacterial agent C14H11N3O2 (MW 253.260). The acute toxicity test indicates that the mortality rate among all rats was low and that the biochemical parameters, hematological profile, and histopathology examination of liver and kidneys showed no significant differences between experimental groups (P > 0.05). Overall, our findings suggest that the extract and its purified compounds derived from novel Paenibacillus sp. are nontoxic exhibiting strong antibiofilm activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens that can be useful towards new therapeutic management of biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Musbah Alasil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahmat Omar
- Pantai Hospital Cheras, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Salmah Ismail
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yasim Yusof
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Synthesis and characterization of silver and gold nanoparticles using aqueous extract of seaweed, Turbinaria conoides, and their antimicrofouling activity. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:938272. [PMID: 24672397 PMCID: PMC3929607 DOI: 10.1155/2014/938272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous extract of the seaweed Turbinaria conoides and their antibiofilm activity against marine biofilm forming bacteria is reported here. The UV-Vis spectra showed the characteristics SPR absorption band for Ag NPs at 421 and for Au NPs at 538 nm. Further, the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, EDX, and HRTEM analysis. Spherical and triangular nanostructures of the Ag and Au nanoparticles were observed between the size ranges of 2–17 nm and 2–19 nm, respectively. The synthesized Ag NPs are efficient in controlling the bacterial biofilm formation; however, Au NPs did not show any remarkable antibiofilm activity. The maximum zone of inhibition was recorded against E. coli (17.6 ± 0.42 mm), followed by Salmonella sp., S. liquefaciens, and A. hydrophila. The macrotube dilution method inferred the MIC (20–40 µL mL−1) and MBC (40–60 µL mL−1) of Ag NPs. The CLSM images clearly showed the weak adherence and disintegrating biofilm formation of marine biofilm bacterial strains treated with Ag NPs. The Artemia cytotoxicity assay recorded the LC50 value of 88.914 ± 5.04 µL mL−1. Thus the present study proved the efficiency of Ag NPs as a potent antimicrofouling agent and became the future perspective for the possible usage in the biofouling related issues in the aquaculture installations and other marine systems.
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Prevalence of Biofilm Formation Among Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Nasal Carriers. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.9601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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