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Häring C, Schroeder J, Jungwirth J, Löffler B, Henke A, Engert B, Ehrhardt C. ProcCluster ® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit the replication of influenza A virus in vitro. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1422651. [PMID: 39206370 PMCID: PMC11350405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1422651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatment of influenza A virus infections is currently limited to few direct acting antiviral substances. Repurposing other established pharmaceuticals as antivirals could aid in improving treatment options. Methods This study investigates the antiviral properties of ProcCluster® and procaine hydrochloride, two derivatives of the local anesthetic procaine, in influenza A virus infection of A549, Calu-3 and MDCK cells. Results Both substances inhibit replication in all three of these cell lines in multi-cycle experiments. However, cell line-dependent differences in the effects of the substances on viral RNA replication and subsequent protein synthesis, as well as release of progeny viruses in single-cycle experiments can be observed. Both ProcCluster® and procaine hydrochloride delay endosome fusion of the virus early in the replication cycle, possibly due to the alkaline nature of the active component procaine. In A549 and Calu-3 cells an additional effect of the substances can be observed at late stages in the first replication cycle. Interestingly, this effect is absent in MDCK cells. We demonstrate that ProcCluster® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes from A549 but not MDCK cells and confirm that specific inhibition of calcium independent PLA2 but not cytosolic PLA2 has antiviral effects. Discussion We show that ProcCluster® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit influenza A virus infection at several stages of the replication cycle and have potential as antiviral substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Häring
- Section of Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Josefine Schroeder
- Section of Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Jungwirth
- Section of Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bettina Löffler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Henke
- Section of Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Christina Ehrhardt
- Section of Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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2
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Zholos AV, Dryn DO, Melnyk MI. General anaesthesia-related complications of gut motility with a focus on cholinergic mechanisms, TRP channels and visceral pain. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1174655. [PMID: 37275228 PMCID: PMC10232893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1174655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia produces multiple side effects. Notably, it temporarily impairs gastrointestinal motility following surgery and causes the so-called postoperative ileus (POI), a multifactorial and complex condition that develops secondary to neuromuscular failure and mainly affects the small intestine. There are currently limited medication options for POI, reflecting a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in this complex condition. Notably, although acetylcholine is one of the major neurotransmitters initiating excitation-contraction coupling in the gut, cholinergic stimulation by prokinetic drugs is not very efficient in case of POI. Acetylcholine when released from excitatory motoneurones of the enteric nervous system binds to and activates M2 and M3 types of muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle myocytes. Downstream of these G protein-coupled receptors, muscarinic cation TRPC4 channels act as the major focal point of receptor-mediated signal integration, causing membrane depolarisation accompanied by action potential discharge and calcium influx via L-type Ca2+ channels for myocyte contraction. We have recently found that both inhalation (isoflurane) and intravenous (ketamine) anesthetics significantly inhibit this muscarinic cation current (termed mI CAT) in ileal myocytes, even when G proteins are activated directly by intracellular GTPγS, i.e., bypassing muscarinic receptors. Here we aim to summarize Transient Receptor Potential channels and calcium signalling-related aspects of the cholinergic mechanisms in the gut and visceral pain, discuss exactly how these may be negatively impacted by general anaesthetics, while proposing the receptor-operated TRPC4 channel as a novel molecular target for the treatment of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zholos
- ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dariia O. Dryn
- O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia I. Melnyk
- ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Sasidharan S, Kaveri AN, Sithara MS, Nair J H. Pharmacological Evaluation of the Anesthetic and Analgesic Potential of Injection Harsha 22: A Novel Polyherbal Local Anesthetic Formulation Intended for Parenteral Administration in Wistar Albino Rats. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:149-161. [PMID: 37008368 PMCID: PMC10065419 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s402277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Local anaesthetics are medications that cause numbness that can be reversed by applying them topically. Local anaesthetics are clinically used to control pain during minor surgeries or to treat other acute and chronic pain. The present investigation intended to investigate the anesthetic as well as analgesic potential of Injection Harsha 22, a novel polyherbal formulation in Wistar albino rats. Methods The anesthetic potential of Injection Harsha 22 was evaluated by a heat tail-flick latency (TFL) test, whereas the analgesic effect was elevated by electrical stimulation testing. Here, lignocaine (2%) was used as the standard anesthetic drug. Results In TFL, Injection Harsha 22 showed anesthetic effects up to 90 minutes after application. Also, the duration of anesthesia in rats that were administered subcutaneously with Injection Harsha 22 was comparable to that of the rats treated with commercial lignocaine (2%). In an electrical stimulation test, single administration of Injection Harsha 22 to rats significantly prolonged analgesia compared with the normal control group. The median duration of analgesia in rats administered subcutaneously with Injection Harsha 22 and lignocaine solution was 40 minutes and 35 minutes, respectively. Furthermore, Injection Harsha 22 does not interfere with the hematopoietic system of the experiment animals. Conclusion Thus, the present investigation established the in vivo anesthetic and analgesic potential of Injection Harsha 22 in experimental animals. Hence, it can be concluded that Injection Harsha 22 can become a prominent substitute for lignocaine as a local anaesthetic agent after establishing its efficacy through stringent clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Sasidharan
- Department of R&D, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Small Animal Research Centre, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, CARe KERALA, Thrissur, Kerala, India
- Correspondence: Shan Sasidharan, Pankajakasthuri Herbal Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Email
| | - Asha Nair Kaveri
- Department of Shalyatantra, Pankajakasthuri Ayurveda Medical College & P.G. Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - M S Sithara
- Small Animal Research Centre, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, CARe KERALA, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Hareendran Nair J
- Pankajakasthuri Herbal India Pvt. Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Choi W, Ryu H, Fuwad A, Goh S, Zhou C, Shim J, Takagi M, Kwon S, Kim SM, Jeon TJ. Quantitative Analysis of the Membrane Affinity of Local Anesthetics Using a Model Cell Membrane. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080579. [PMID: 34436342 PMCID: PMC8401255 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Local anesthesia is a drug that penetrates the nerve cell membrane and binds to the voltage gate sodium channel, inhibiting the membrane potential and neurotransmission. It is mainly used in clinical uses to address the pain of surgical procedures in the local area. Local anesthetics (LAs), however, can be incorporated into the membrane, reducing the thermal stability of the membrane as well as altering membrane properties such as fluidity, permeability, and lipid packing order. The effects of LAs on the membrane are not yet fully understood, despite a number of previous studies. In particular, it is necessary to analyze which is the more dominant factor, the membrane affinity or the structural perturbation of the membrane. To analyze the effects of LAs on the cell membrane and compare the results with those from model membranes, morphological analysis and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) measurement of CCD-1064sk (fibroblast, human skin) membranes were carried out for lidocaine (LDC) and tetracaine (TTC), the most popular LAs in clinical use. Furthermore, the membrane affinity of the LAs was quantitatively analyzed using a colorimetric polydiacetylene assay, where the color shift represents their distribution in the membrane. Further, to confirm the membrane affinity and structural effects of the membranes, we performed an electrophysiological study using a model protein (gramicidin A, gA) and measured the channel lifetime of the model protein on the free-standing lipid bilayer according to the concentration of each LA. Our results show that when LAs interact with cell membranes, membrane affinity is a more dominant factor than steric or conformational effects of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjae Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
| | - Hyunil Ryu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
| | - Ahmed Fuwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Seulmini Goh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
| | - Chaoge Zhou
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
| | - Jiwook Shim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA;
| | - Masahiro Takagi
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923–1292, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Soonjo Kwon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sun Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.M.K.); (T.-J.J.); Tel.: +82-32-860-7328 (S.M.K.); +82-32-860-7511 (T.-J.J.)
| | - Tae-Joon Jeon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (W.C.); (H.R.); (S.G.); (C.Z.); (S.K.)
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.M.K.); (T.-J.J.); Tel.: +82-32-860-7328 (S.M.K.); +82-32-860-7511 (T.-J.J.)
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Freitas de Lima F, da Silva BB, Oliveira JD, de Moura LD, Rodrigues da Silva GH, Fernandes PCL, Souza RIC, Dos Santos AC, de Paula E. Prolonged anesthesia and decreased toxicity of enantiomeric-excess bupivacaine loaded in ionic gradient liposomes. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120944. [PMID: 34324985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bupivacaine is the most employed local anesthetic in surgical procedures, worldwide. Its systemic toxicity has directed the synthesis of the less toxic, S(-) enantiomer. This work describes a formulation of ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) containing S75BVC, an enantiomeric excess mixture of 75% S(-) and 25% R(+) bupivacaine. IGL prepared with 250 mM (NH4)2SO4 in the inner aqueous core of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol (3:2 mol%) vesicles plus 0.5% S75BVC showed average sizes of 312.5 ± 4.5 nm, low polydispersity (PDI < 0.18), negative zeta potentials (-14.2 ± 0.2 mV) and were stable for 360 days. The encapsulation efficiency achieved with IGLS75BVC (%EE = 38.6%) was higher than with IGL prepared with racemic bupivacaine (IGLRBVC, %EE = 28.3%). TEM images revealed spherical vesicles and µDSC analysis provided evidence on the interaction of the anesthetic with the lipid bilayer. Then, in vitro - release kinetics and cytotoxicity- and in vivo - toxic effects in Zebrafish and biochemical/histopathological analysis plus analgesia in Wistar rats - tests were performed. IGLS75BVC exhibited negligible toxicity against Schwann cells and Zebrafish larvae, and it did not affect biochemical markers or the morphology of rat tissues (heart, brain, cerebellum, sciatic nerve). The in vitro release of S75BVC from IGL was extended from 4 to 24 h, justifying the prolonged anesthetic effect measured in rats (~9 h). The advantages of IGLS75BVC formulation over IGLRBVC and plain bupivacaine formulations (prolonged anesthesia, preferential sensorial blockade, and no toxicity) confirm its potential for clinical use in surgical anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Freitas de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bianca Brandão da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Damasceno Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla David de Moura
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil.
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Istenič S, Cvetko E, Zabret J, Stopar Pintarič T, Umek N. Determination of bupivacaine tissue concentration in human biopsy samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5198. [PMID: 34121212 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed a simple and rapid analytical method for the quantification of bupivacaine hydrochloride in human biopsy samples of adipose, muscle, neural, connective and cartilage tissue using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anesthetics were extracted from the tissue samples using 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile for protein denaturation and hexane for removal of lipophilic impurities. Analytes were separated adequately on Phenomenex Luna Omega polar C18 column using a gradient mobile phase 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. The lower limits of quantification were ≤ 97 ng g-1 tissue for all studied tissues. Intra-day recoveries were between 48.2% and 82.1% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 1.47% and 14.28%, whereas inter-day recoveries were between 52.2% and 77.6% with RSDs between 2.98% and 14.79%. The calibration curve showed a linear fit with R2 higher than 0.99 in the concentration range from 0.16 to 100 μg g-1 . Lidocaine hydrochloride was tested as internal standard because its recoveries and matrix effects were comparable to bupivacaine hydrochloride. Post-analytical corrections of measured bupivacaine tissue concentrations can accordingly be made based on recovery of lidocaine as internal standard, with recoveries between 51.2% and 86.9% and RSDs between 1.99% and 16.88%. The developed method could be used to study time-dependent spread of bupivacaine locally or to more distant locations across tissue barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Istenič
- Core Facility, Helios TBLUS, Domžale, Slovenia.,Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erika Cvetko
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joži Zabret
- Core Facility, Helios TBLUS, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Stopar Pintarič
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Umek
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Dey S, Surendran D, Engberg O, Gupta A, Fanibunda SE, Das A, Maity BK, Dey A, Visvakarma V, Kallianpur M, Scheidt HA, Walker G, Vaidya VA, Huster D, Maiti S. Altered Membrane Mechanics Provides a Receptor-Independent Pathway for Serotonin Action. Chemistry 2021; 27:7533-7541. [PMID: 33502812 PMCID: PMC8252079 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin, an important signaling molecule in humans, has an unexpectedly high lipid membrane affinity. The significance of this finding has evoked considerable speculation. Here we show that membrane binding by serotonin can directly modulate membrane properties and cellular function, providing an activity pathway completely independent of serotonin receptors. Atomic force microscopy shows that serotonin makes artificial lipid bilayers softer, and induces nucleation of liquid disordered domains inside the raft-like liquid-ordered domains. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy corroborates this data at the atomic level, revealing a homogeneous decrease in the order parameter of the lipid chains in the presence of serotonin. In the RN46A immortalized serotonergic neuronal cell line, extracellular serotonin enhances transferrin receptor endocytosis, even in the presence of broad-spectrum serotonin receptor and transporter inhibitors. Similarly, it increases the membrane binding and internalization of oligomeric peptides. Our results uncover a mode of serotonin-membrane interaction that can potentiate key cellular processes in a receptor-independent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simli Dey
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Dayana Surendran
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Oskar Engberg
- Institute of Medical Physics and BiophysicsUniversity of LeipzigHärtelstr. 16–1804107LeipzigGermany
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Sashaina E. Fanibunda
- Department of Biological SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
- Kasturba Health SocietyMedical Research CenterMumbaiIndia
| | - Anirban Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Barun Kumar Maity
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Arpan Dey
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Vicky Visvakarma
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Mamata Kallianpur
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Holger A. Scheidt
- Institute of Medical Physics and BiophysicsUniversity of LeipzigHärtelstr. 16–1804107LeipzigGermany
| | - Gilbert Walker
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5S3H6Canada
| | - Vidita A. Vaidya
- Department of Biological SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
| | - Daniel Huster
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
- Institute of Medical Physics and BiophysicsUniversity of LeipzigHärtelstr. 16–1804107LeipzigGermany
| | - Sudipta Maiti
- Department of Chemical SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai400005India
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Sanders DW, Jumper CC, Ackerman PJ, Bracha D, Donlic A, Kim H, Kenney D, Castello-Serrano I, Suzuki S, Tamura T, Tavares AH, Saeed M, Holehouse AS, Ploss A, Levental I, Douam F, Padera RF, Levy BD, Brangwynne CP. SARS-CoV-2 requires cholesterol for viral entry and pathological syncytia formation. eLife 2021; 10:e65962. [PMID: 33890572 PMCID: PMC8104966 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many enveloped viruses induce multinucleated cells (syncytia), reflective of membrane fusion events caused by the same machinery that underlies viral entry. These syncytia are thought to facilitate replication and evasion of the host immune response. Here, we report that co-culture of human cells expressing the receptor ACE2 with cells expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike, results in synapse-like intercellular contacts that initiate cell-cell fusion, producing syncytia resembling those we identify in lungs of COVID-19 patients. To assess the mechanism of spike/ACE2-driven membrane fusion, we developed a microscopy-based, cell-cell fusion assay to screen ~6000 drugs and >30 spike variants. Together with quantitative cell biology approaches, the screen reveals an essential role for biophysical aspects of the membrane, particularly cholesterol-rich regions, in spike-mediated fusion, which extends to replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Our findings potentially provide a molecular basis for positive outcomes reported in COVID-19 patients taking statins and suggest new strategies for therapeutics targeting the membrane of SARS-CoV-2 and other fusogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Sanders
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Chanelle C Jumper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Paul J Ackerman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Dan Bracha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Anita Donlic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Hahn Kim
- Princeton University Small Molecule Screening Center, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Devin Kenney
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Ivan Castello-Serrano
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Saori Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Tomokazu Tamura
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Alexander H Tavares
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
| | - Mohsan Saeed
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
| | - Alex S Holehouse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Florian Douam
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Robert F Padera
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Clifford P Brangwynne
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstitutePrincetonUnited States
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Mamoshina P, Rodriguez B, Bueno-Orovio A. Toward a broader view of mechanisms of drug cardiotoxicity. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100216. [PMID: 33763655 PMCID: PMC7974548 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity, defined as toxicity that affects the heart, is one of the most common adverse drug effects. Numerous drugs have been shown to have the potential to induce lethal arrhythmias by affecting cardiac electrophysiology, which is the focus of current preclinical testing. However, a substantial number of drugs can also affect cardiac function beyond electrophysiology. Within this broader sense of cardiotoxicity, this review discusses the key drug-protein interactions known to be involved in cardiotoxic drug response. We cover adverse effects of anticancer, central nervous system, genitourinary system, gastrointestinal, antihistaminic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infective agents, illustrating that many share mechanisms of cardiotoxicity, including contractility, mitochondrial function, and cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Rodriguez
- Department of Computer Science, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alfonso Bueno-Orovio
- Department of Computer Science, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Dyakin VV, Wisniewski TM, Lajtha A. Racemization in Post-Translational Modifications Relevance to Protein Aging, Aggregation and Neurodegeneration: Tip of the Iceberg. Symmetry (Basel) 2021; 13:455. [PMID: 34350031 PMCID: PMC8330555 DOI: 10.3390/sym13030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homochirality of DNA and prevalent chirality of free and protein-bound amino acids in a living organism represents the challenge for modern biochemistry and neuroscience. The idea of an association between age-related disease, neurodegeneration, and racemization originated from the studies of fossils and cataract disease. Under the pressure of new results, this concept has a broader significance linking protein folding, aggregation, and disfunction to an organism's cognitive and behavioral functions. The integrity of cognitive function is provided by a delicate balance between the evolutionarily imposed molecular homo-chirality and the epigenetic/developmental impact of spontaneous and enzymatic racemization. The chirality of amino acids is the crucial player in the modulation the structure and function of proteins, lipids, and DNA. The collapse of homochirality by racemization is the result of the conformational phase transition. The racemization of protein-bound amino acids (spontaneous and enzymatic) occurs through thermal activation over the energy barrier or by the tunnel transfer effect under the energy barrier. The phase transition is achieved through the intermediate state, where the chirality of alpha carbon vanished. From a thermodynamic consideration, the system in the homo-chiral (single enantiomeric) state is characterized by a decreased level of entropy. The oscillating protein chirality is suggesting its distinct significance in the neurotransmission and flow of perceptual information, adaptive associative learning, and cognitive laterality. The common pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative disorders include protein misfolding, aging, and the deposition of protease-resistant protein aggregates. Each of the landmarks is influenced by racemization. The brain region, cell type, and age-dependent racemization critically influence the functions of many intracellular, membrane-bound, and extracellular proteins including amyloid precursor protein (APP), TAU, PrP, Huntingtin, α-synuclein, myelin basic protein (MBP), and collagen. The amyloid cascade hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) coexists with the failure of amyloid beta (Aβ) targeting drug therapy. According to our view, racemization should be considered as a critical factor of protein conformation with the potential for inducing order, disorder, misfolding, aggregation, toxicity, and malfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Dyakin
- Virtual Reality Perception Lab (VRPL), The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (NKI), Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Thomas M. Wisniewski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Abel Lajtha
- Center for Neurochemistry, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (NKI), Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
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11
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Prates ÉT, Rodrigues da Silva GH, Souza TF, Skaf MS, Pickholz M, de Paula E. Articaine interaction with phospholipid bilayers. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Velez-Saboyá CS, Oropeza-Guzman E, Sierra-Valdez FJ, Ruiz-Suárez JC. Ca 2+-mediated enhancement of anesthetic diffusion across phospholipid multilamellar systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1863:183509. [PMID: 33189718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although sharing common properties with other divalent cations, calcium ions induce fine-tuned electrostatic effects essential in many biological processes. Not only related with protein structure or ion channels, calcium is also determinant for other biomolecules such as lipids or even drugs. Cellular membranes are the first interaction barriers for drugs. Depending on their hydrophilic, hydrophobic or amphipathic properties, they have to overcome such barriers to permeate and diffuse through inner lipid bilayers, cells or even tissues. In this context, the role of calcium in the permeation of cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) through lipid membranes is not well understood. We combine differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the effect of Ca2+ on the interlamellar diffusion kinetics of the local anesthetic tetracaine (TTC) in multilamellar artificial membrane systems. Our DSC results show the interesting phenomenon that TTC diffusion can be modified in two different ways in the presence of Ca2+. Furthermore, TTC diffusion exhibits a thermal-dependent membrane interaction in the presence of Ca2+. The FTIR results suggest the presence of ion-dipole interactions between Ca2+ and the carbonyl group of TTC, leading us to hypothesize that Ca2+ destabilizes the hydration shell of TTC, which in turn diffuses deeper into the multilamellar lipid structures. Our results demonstrate the relevance of the Ca2+ ion in the drug permeation and diffusion through lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol S Velez-Saboyá
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico
| | - Eric Oropeza-Guzman
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Sierra-Valdez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Jesús C Ruiz-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico.
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13
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Čižmáriková R, Čižmárik J, Valentová J, Habala L, Markuliak M. Chiral Aspects of Local Anesthetics. Molecules 2020; 25:E2738. [PMID: 32545678 PMCID: PMC7355888 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thanks to the progress made in chemical technology (particularly in the methodologies of stereoselective syntheses and analyses) along with regulatory measures, the number of new chiral drugs registered in the form of pure enantiomers has increased over the past decade. In addition, the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of the individual enantiomers of already-introduced racemic drugs are being re-examined. The use of the pure enantiomer of a drug that has been used to date in the form of a racemate is called a "chiral switch". A re-examination of the properties of the pure enantiomers of racemates has taken place for local anesthetics, which represent a group of drugs which have long been used. Differences in (R) and (S)-enantiomers were found in terms of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic activity as well as in toxicity. Levobupivacaine and robivacaine were introduced into practice as pure (S)-(-)-enantiomers, exhibiting more favorable properties than their (R)-(+)-stereoisomers or racemates. This overview focuses on the influence of chirality on the pharmacological and toxicological activity of local anesthetics as well as on individual HPLC and capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods used for enantioseparation and the pharmacokinetic study of individual local anesthetics with a chiral center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ružena Čižmáriková
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.Č.); (J.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Jozef Čižmárik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jindra Valentová
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.Č.); (J.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Ladislav Habala
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.Č.); (J.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Mário Markuliak
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (R.Č.); (J.V.); (M.M.)
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Mircioiu C, Voicu V, Anuta V, Tudose A, Celia C, Paolino D, Fresta M, Sandulovici R, Mircioiu I. Mathematical Modeling of Release Kinetics from Supramolecular Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E140. [PMID: 30901930 PMCID: PMC6471682 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Embedding of active substances in supramolecular systems has as the main goal to ensure the controlled release of the active ingredients. Whatever the final architecture or entrapment mechanism, modeling of release is challenging due to the moving boundary conditions and complex initial conditions. Despite huge diversity of formulations, diffusion phenomena are involved in practically all release processes. The approach in this paper starts, therefore, from mathematical methods for solving the diffusion equation in initial and boundary conditions, which are further connected with phenomenological conditions, simplified and idealized in order to lead to problems which can be analytically solved. Consequently, the release models are classified starting from the geometry of diffusion domain, initial conditions, and conditions on frontiers. Taking into account that practically all solutions of the models use the separation of variables method and integral transformation method, two specific applications of these methods are included. This paper suggests that "good modeling practice" of release kinetics consists essentially of identifying the most appropriate mathematical conditions corresponding to implied physicochemical phenomena. However, in most of the cases, models can be written but analytical solutions for these models cannot be obtained. Consequently, empiric models remain the first choice, and they receive an important place in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Mircioiu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Victor Voicu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Valentina Anuta
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andra Tudose
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti⁻Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Germaneto - Catanzaro (CZ) 88100, Italy.
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Germaneto - Catanzaro (CZ) 88100, Italy.
| | - Roxana Sandulovici
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Biostatistics, Titu Maiorescu University, 004051 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ion Mircioiu
- Department of Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Titu Maiorescu University, 004051 Bucharest, Romania.
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15
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Kohn FPM, Hauslage J. The gravity dependence of pharmacodynamics: the integration of lidocaine into membranes in microgravity. NPJ Microgravity 2019; 5:5. [PMID: 30854420 PMCID: PMC6403312 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-019-0064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To realize long-term manned space missions, e.g. to Mars, some important questions about pharmacology under conditions of different gravity will have to be answered to ensure safe usage of pharmaceuticals. Experiments on the International Space Station showed that the pharmacokinetics of drugs are changed in microgravity. On Earth, it is well known that the incorporation of substances into cellular membranes depends on membrane fluidity, therefore the finding that membrane fluidity is gravity dependent possibly has effects on pharmacodynamics of hydrophobic and amphiphilic substances in microgravity. To validate a possible effect of gravity on pharmacodynamics, experiments have been carried out to investigate the incorporation of lidocaine into plain lipid membranes under microgravity conditions. In microgravity, the induced increase in membrane fluidity associated with lidocaine incorporation is smaller compared to 1g controls. This experiment concerning the gravity dependence of pharmacodynamics in real microgravity clearly shows that the incorporation of amphipathic drugs into membranes is changed in microgravity. This might have significant impact on the pharmacology of drugs during long-term space missions and has to be investigated in more detail to be able to assess possible risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian P. M. Kohn
- Department of Membrane Physiology (230b), Institute of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Hauslage
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Gravitational Biology, Linder Hoehe Cologne, Germany
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16
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Startek JB, Boonen B, Talavera K, Meseguer V. TRP Channels as Sensors of Chemically-Induced Changes in Cell Membrane Mechanical Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E371. [PMID: 30654572 PMCID: PMC6359677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential ion channels (TRPs) have been described as polymodal sensors, being responsible for transducing a wide variety of stimuli, and being involved in sensory functions such as chemosensation, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and photosensation. Mechanical and chemical stresses exerted on the membrane can be transduced by specialized proteins into meaningful intracellular biochemical signaling, resulting in physiological changes. Of particular interest are compounds that can change the local physical properties of the membrane, thereby affecting nearby proteins, such as TRP channels, which are highly sensitive to the membrane environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of TRP channel activation as a result of changes in the membrane properties induced by amphipathic structural lipidic components such as cholesterol and diacylglycerol, and by exogenous amphipathic bacterial endotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Victor Meseguer
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández y CSIC, E-03550 Alicante , Spain.
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17
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Rao BD, Shrivastava S, Pal S, Chattopadhyay A. Effect of Local Anesthetics on the Organization and Dynamics of Hippocampal Membranes: A Fluorescence Approach. J Phys Chem B 2018; 123:639-647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree D. Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Sandeep Shrivastava
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sreetama Pal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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18
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Riveros-Perez E, Riveros R. Water in the human body: An anesthesiologist's perspective on the connection between physicochemical properties of water and physiologic relevance. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2017; 26:1-8. [PMID: 29904607 PMCID: PMC5904784 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique structure and multifaceted physicochemical properties of the water molecule, in addition to its universal presence in body compartments, make water a key player in multiple biological processes in human physiology. Since anesthesiologists deal with physiologic processes where water molecules are critical at different levels, and administer medications whose pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics depend on interaction with water molecules, we consider that exploration of basic science aspects related to water and its role in physiology and pharmacology is relevant to the practice of anesthesiology. The purpose of this paper is to delineate the physicochemical basis of water that are critical in enabling it to support various homeostatic processes. The role of water in the formation of solutions, modulation of surface tension and in homeostasis of body temperature, acid-base status and osmolarity, is analyzed. Relevance of molecular water interactions to the anesthesiologist is not limited to the realm of physiology and pathophysiology. Deep knowledge of the importance of water in volatile anesthetic effects on neurons opens a window to a new comprehensive understanding of complex cellular mechanisms underlying the practice of anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Riveros-Perez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Augusta University, USA
| | - Ricardo Riveros
- Pediatric Anesthesiologist Nemours Children's Health System, Orlando, FL, USA
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19
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Yamaguchi T, Shirai O, Kitazumi Y, Kano K. Inhibition of Ion Transport through Gramicidin A Channels by the Addition of Local Anesthetic Procaine. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yamaguchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Osamu Shirai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Yuki Kitazumi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kenji Kano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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20
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Tsuchiya H. Anesthetic Agents of Plant Origin: A Review of Phytochemicals with Anesthetic Activity. Molecules 2017; 22:E1369. [PMID: 28820497 PMCID: PMC6152143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of currently used anesthetic agents are derived from or associated with natural products, especially plants, as evidenced by cocaine that was isolated from coca (Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylaceae) and became a prototype of modern local anesthetics and by thymol and eugenol contained in thyme (Thymus vulgaris, Lamiaceae) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum, Myrtaceae), respectively, both of which are structurally and mechanistically similar to intravenous phenolic anesthetics. This paper reviews different classes of phytochemicals with the anesthetic activity and their characteristic molecular structures that could be lead compounds for anesthetics and anesthesia-related drugs. Phytochemicals in research papers published between 1996 and 2016 were retrieved from the point of view of well-known modes of anesthetic action, that is, the mechanistic interactions with Na⁺ channels, γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and lipid membranes. The searched phytochemicals include terpenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids because they have been frequently reported to possess local anesthetic, general anesthetic, antinociceptive, analgesic or sedative property. Clinical applicability of phytochemicals to local and general anesthesia is discussed by referring to animal in vivo experiments and human pre-clinical trials. This review will give structural suggestions for novel anesthetic agents of plant origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsuchiya
- Department of Dental Basic Education, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan.
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21
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Thermal Stability of Phase-Separated Domains in Multicomponent Lipid Membranes with Local Anesthetics. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7030033. [PMID: 28661445 PMCID: PMC5618118 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The functional mechanisms of local anesthetics (LAs) have not yet been fully explained, despite their importance in modern medicine. Recently, an indirect interaction between channel proteins and LAs was proposed as follows: LAs alter the physical properties of lipid membranes, thus affecting the channel proteins. To examine this hypothesis, we investigated changes in thermal stability in lipid membranes consisting of dioleoylphosphocholine, dipalmitoylphosphocholine, and cholesterol by adding the LAs, lidocaine and tetracaine. The miscibility temperature of liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) phase separation was lowered, whereas that of phase separation between solid-ordered (So) and Ld phases was unchanged by LAs. Furthermore, we measured the line tension at the Lo/Ld interface from domain boundary fluctuation and found that it was significantly decreased by LAs. Finally, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a change in the lipid main transition temperature on the addition of LAs. Based on the DSC measurements, we considered that LAs are partitioned into two coexisting phases.
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22
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Silva-Santisteban A, Steinke N, Johnston AJ, Ruiz GN, Carlos Pardo L, McLain SE. On the structure of prilocaine in aqueous and amphiphilic solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12665-12673. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01723e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The solvation of prilocaine has been investigated in pure water and in amphiphilic solutions using a combination of neutron diffraction and simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Silva-Santisteban
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QU
- UK
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear & Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering
| | - Nicola Steinke
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QU
- UK
| | | | - Guadalupe N. Ruiz
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear & Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- 08019 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Luis Carlos Pardo
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear & Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- 08019 Barcelona
- Spain
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23
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Pearlstein RA, Dickson CJ, Hornak V. Contributions of the membrane dipole potential to the function of voltage-gated cation channels and modulation by small molecule potentiators. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1859:177-194. [PMID: 27836643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The membrane dipole potential (Ψd) constitutes one of three electrical potentials generated by cell membranes. Ψd arises from the unfavorable parallel alignment of phospholipid and water dipoles, and varies in magnitude both longitudinally and laterally across the bilayer according to membrane composition and phospholipid packing density. In this work, we propose that dynamic counter-balancing between Ψd and the transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) governs the conformational state transitions of voltage-gated ion channels. Ψd consists of 1) static outer, and dynamic inner leaflet components (Ψd(extra) and Ψd(intra), respectively); and 2) a transmembrane component (ΔΨd(inner-outer)), ariing from differences in intra- and extracellular leaflet composition. Ψd(intra), which transitions between high and low energy states (Ψd(intra, high) and Ψd(intra, low)) as a function of channel conformation, is transduced by the pore domain. ΔΨd(inner-outer) is transduced by the voltage-sensing (VS) domain in summation with ΔΨm. Potentiation of voltage-gated ion channels is of interest for the treatment of cardiac, neuronal, and other disorders arising from inherited/acquired ion channel dysfunction. Potentiators are widely believed to alter the rates and voltage-dependencies of channel gating transitions by binding to pockets in the membrane-facing and other regions of ion channel targets. Here, we propose that potentiators alter Ψd(intra) and/or Ψd(extra), thereby increasing or decreasing the energy barriers governing channel gating transitions. We used quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the overall Ψd-modulating effects of a series of published positive hERG potentiators partitioned into model DOPC bilayers. Our findings suggest a strong correlation between the magnitude of Ψd-lowering and positive hERG potentiation across the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Pearlstein
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Mass Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Callum J Dickson
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Mass Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Viktor Hornak
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Mass Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Ziętek Z, Starczewski K, Sulikowski T, Iwan-Ziętek I, Żukowski M, Kamiński M, Ziętek-Czeszak A. Useful Points of Geometry and Topography of the Lumbar Triangle for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:4096-101. [PMID: 26714659 PMCID: PMC4699613 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new look at the topography of the lumbar triangle becomes a challenge for modern anesthesia. The aim of this study was to redefine the topography of the lumbar triangle for transverse abdominis plane block. MATERIAL AND METHODS We explored 74 lumbar regions in 37 preserved cadavers (17 F and 20 M). RESULTS The lumbar triangle was identified in 66 (89%) out of all explored cadavers' lumbar regions. The predominant triangle was the acute-angled shaped. It was identified in 39 (59%) out of all explored lumbar regions. The second type of dissected triangles had the obtuse-angled shaped. Most triangles of acute-angled shaped and obtuse-angled shaped (36) had medium surface (range from 3 cm2 to 6 cm2), which accounted for 55% of all dissected lumbar triangles. The mean surface of the lumbar triangle was 3.6±2.2 cm2. Based on other measurements, we demonstrated that the majority of the lumbar triangles (62 triangles) were beyond the posterior axillary line. CONCLUSIONS According to the obtained results, the randomized searching for lumbar triangle should be limited to the area situated beyond of the posterior axillary line. The region situated anteriorly to the midaxillary line was defined in the study as the critical area for finding the lumbar triangle. Outcomes from the study revealed that the size and the location of the lumbar triangle as the gate for the transverse abdominal plane block may be responsible for difficulties encountered by anesthetists. Thus, establishing the area with the highest probability of localization of the lumbar triangle can improve both safety and efficiency of transversus abdominis plane block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Ziętek
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamil Starczewski
- Department of Intensive Therapy and Anesthesiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Sulikowski
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iza Iwan-Ziętek
- Department of Esthetic Dermatology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Żukowski
- Department of Intensive Therapy and Anesthesiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Kamiński
- Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Membrane Interactions of Phytochemicals as Their Molecular Mechanism Applicable to the Discovery of Drug Leads from Plants. Molecules 2015; 20:18923-66. [PMID: 26501254 PMCID: PMC6332185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201018923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to interacting with functional proteins such as receptors, ion channels, and enzymes, a variety of drugs mechanistically act on membrane lipids to change the physicochemical properties of biomembranes as reported for anesthetic, adrenergic, cholinergic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, antiplatelet, antimicrobial, and antioxidant drugs. As well as these membrane-acting drugs, bioactive plant components, phytochemicals, with amphiphilic or hydrophobic structures, are presumed to interact with biological membranes and biomimetic membranes prepared with phospholipids and cholesterol, resulting in the modification of membrane fluidity, microviscosity, order, elasticity, and permeability with the potencies being consistent with their pharmacological effects. A novel mechanistic point of view of phytochemicals would lead to a better understanding of their bioactivities, an insight into their medicinal benefits, and a strategic implication for discovering drug leads from plants. This article reviews the membrane interactions of different classes of phytochemicals by highlighting their induced changes in membrane property. The phytochemicals to be reviewed include membrane-interactive flavonoids, terpenoids, stilbenoids, capsaicinoids, phloroglucinols, naphthodianthrones, organosulfur compounds, alkaloids, anthraquinonoids, ginsenosides, pentacyclic triterpene acids, and curcuminoids. The membrane interaction’s applicability to the discovery of phytochemical drug leads is also discussed while referring to previous screening and isolating studies.
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Tsuchiya H, Mizogami M. Drinking-Related Tetrahydroharmans Counteract the Membrane Effects of Local Anesthetic Lidocaine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4303/jdar/235887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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