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Guo B, Shi X, Jiang Q, Pan Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Chen S, Zhu W, Ren L, Liang R, Chen X, Xu H, Wei L, Lin Y, Wang J, Qiu C, Zhou H, Rao L, Wang L, Chen R, Chen S. Targeting Immunoproteasome in Polarized Macrophages Ameliorates Experimental Emphysema Via Activating NRF1/2-P62 Axis and Suppressing IRF4 Transcription. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405318. [PMID: 39356034 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stands as the prevailing chronic airway ailment, characterized by chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Current medications fall short in treatment of these diseases, underscoring the urgent need for effective therapy. Prior research indicated immunoproteasome inhibition alleviated various inflammatory diseases by modulating immune cell functions. However, its therapeutic potential in COPD remains largely unexplored. Here, an elevated expression of immunoproteasome subunits LMP2 and LMP7 in the macrophages isolated from mouse with LPS/Elastase-induced emphysema and polarized macrophages in vitro is observed. Subsequently, intranasal administration of the immunoproteasome-specific inhibitor ONX-0914 significantly mitigated COPD-associated airway inflammation and improved lung function in mice by suppressing macrophage polarization. Additionally, ONX-0914 capsulated in PLGA nanoparticles exhibited more pronounced therapeutic effect on COPD than naked ONX-0914 by targeting immunoproteasome in polarized macrophages. Mechanistically, ONX-0914 activated autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are not attribute to the ONX-0914 mediated suppression of macrophage polarization. Intriguingly, ONX-0914 inhibited M1 polarization through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-1 (NRF1) and NRF2-P62 axis, while the suppression of M2 polarization is regulated by inhibiting the transcription of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). In summary, the findings suggest that targeting immunoproteasome in macrophages holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xing Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuanwei Pan
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Yuqiong Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenjiao Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Laibin Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ruifang Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haizhao Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Laiyou Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongjian Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shanze Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Yang Y, Huang J, Xie L, Wang Y, Guo S, Wang M, Shao X, Liu W, Wang Y, Li Q, Wu X, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Gong W. Nicotinamide protects against diabetic kidney disease through regulation of Sirt1. Endocrine 2024; 85:638-648. [PMID: 38446387 PMCID: PMC11291543 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of nicotinamide (Nam) on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in mice and explore its mechanism. METHODS Thirty DBA/2 J mice were randomly assigned to three groups. After 8 weeks of hyperglycemia induced by streptozocin (STZ), Nam and saline were administrated to STZ + Nam and STZ + NS mice, respectively, for 8 weeks. Non-diabetic mice (NDM) were used as control group. Twenty In2-/- Akita mice were randomly divided into two groups. After 8 weeks of hyperglycemia, Nam and saline were administered to Akita + Nam and Akita + NS mice, respectively, for 6 weeks. Wild-type littermates were used as control group. Markers of renal injury were analyzed, and the molecular mechanisms were explored in human proximal tubular HK2 cells. RESULTS Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) decreased in the STZ + Nam and Akita + Nam groups. Pathological analysis showed that Nam improved the structure of glomerular basement membrane, ameliorated glomerular sclerosis, and decreased the accumulation of extracellular matrix and collagen. Compared to the diabetic control group, renal fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were reduced in the Nam-treated mice. The expression of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) in human proximal tubular HK2 cells was inhibited by high glucose and Nam treatment enhanced its expression. However, in HK2 cells with Sirt1 knockdown, the protective effect of Nam was abolished, indicating that the beneficial effect of Nam was partially dependent on Sirt1. CONCLUSIONS Nam has a renoprotective effect against renal injury caused by hyperglycemia and may be a potential target for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeping Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jinya Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lijie Xie
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shizhe Guo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qin Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Bandy R, Shahi S, Quagraine N, Shahbazi Nia S, Howlader MSI, Srivenugopal K, Stephan C, Das H, Mikelis CM, German NA. Mechanistic Aspects of Biphenyl Urea-Based Analogues in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:120-136. [PMID: 38230276 PMCID: PMC10789150 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. In this study, we investigated the impact of urea-based compounds on TNBC cells to uncover their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Notably, polypharmacology urea analogues were found to work via p53-related pathways, and their cytotoxic effects were amplified by the modulation of oxidative phosphorylation pathways in the mitochondria of cancer cells. Specifically, compound 1 demonstrated an uncoupling effect on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, leading to a time- and concentration-dependent shift toward glycolysis-based ATP production in MDA-MB-231 cells. At the same time, no significant changes in ATP synthesis were observed in noncancerous MCF10A cells. Moreover, the unique combination of mitochondrial- and p53-related effects leads to a higher cytotoxicity of urea analogues in cancer cells. Notably, the majority of tested clinical agents, but sorafenib, showed significantly higher toxicity in MCF10A cells. To test our hypothesis of sensitizing cancer cells to the treatment via modulation of mitochondrial health, we explored the combinatorial effects of urea-based analogues with established chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in TNBC treatment. Synergistic effects were evident in most tested combinations in TNBC cell lines, while noncancerous MCF10A cells exhibited higher resistance to these combination treatments. The combination of compound 1 with SN38 displayed nearly 60-fold selectivity toward TNBC cells over MCF10A cells. Encouragingly, combinations involving compound 1 restored the sensitivity of TNBC cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of action of urea-based compounds in TNBC cells. The observed induction of mitochondrial membrane depolarization, inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity, disruption of ATP synthesis, and cell-line-specific responses contribute to their cytotoxic effects. Additionally, we demonstrated the synergistic potential of compound 1 to enhance the efficacy of existing TNBC treatments. However, the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanisms of urea-based analogues in TNBC cell lines require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayna Bandy
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Sadisna Shahi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Naana Quagraine
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Siavash Shahbazi Nia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Md Sariful Islam Howlader
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Kalkunte Srivenugopal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Clifford Stephan
- Institute
of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M
University, Houston, Texas 79106, United States
- Department
of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Hiranmoy Das
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Laboratory
of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Nadezhda A. German
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79430, United States
- Center
of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
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4
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Khramtsov YV, Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Slastnikova TA, Lupanova TN, Georgiev GP, Sobolev AS. An Approach to Evaluate the Effective Cytoplasmic Concentration of Bioactive Agents Interacting with a Selected Intracellular Target Protein. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020324. [PMID: 36839653 PMCID: PMC9965106 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the effectiveness of various bioactive agents reversibly acting within a cell on a target intracellular macromolecule, it is necessary to assess effective cytoplasmic concentrations of the delivered bioactive agents. In this work, based on a simple equilibrium model and the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), an approach is proposed to assess effective concentrations of both a delivered bioactive agent and a target protein. This approach was tested by evaluating the average concentrations of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated-protein 1 (Keap1) proteins in the cytoplasm for five different cell lines (Hepa1, MEF, RAW264.7, 3LL, and AML12) and comparing the results with known literature data. The proposed approach makes it possible to analyze both binary interactions and ternary competition systems; thus, it can have a wide application for the analysis of protein-protein or molecule-protein interactions in the cell. The concentrations of Nrf2 and Keap1 in the cell can be useful not only in analyzing the conditions for the activation of the Nrf2 system, but also for comparing the effectiveness of various drug delivery systems, where the delivered molecule is able to interact with Keap1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri V. Khramtsov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Ulasov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Rosenkranz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Slastnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana N. Lupanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgii P. Georgiev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Sobolev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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MG132 Induces Progerin Clearance and Improves Disease Phenotypes in HGPS-like Patients’ Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040610. [PMID: 35203262 PMCID: PMC8870437 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes (PS), including Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), are premature and accelerated aging diseases, characterized by clinical features mimicking physiological aging. Most classical HGPS patients carry a de novo point mutation within exon 11 of the LMNA gene encoding A-type lamins. This mutation activates a cryptic splice site, leading to the production of a truncated prelamin A, called prelamin A ∆50 or progerin, that accumulates in HGPS cell nuclei and is a hallmark of the disease. Some patients with PS carry other LMNA mutations and are named “HGPS-like” patients. They produce progerin and/or other truncated prelamin A isoforms (∆35 and ∆90). We previously found that MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, induced progerin clearance in classical HGPS through autophagy activation and splicing regulation. Here, we show that MG132 induces aberrant prelamin A clearance and improves cellular phenotypes in HGPS-like patients’ cells other than those previously described in classical HGPS. These results provide preclinical proof of principle for the use of a promising class of molecules toward a potential therapy for children with HGPS-like or classical HGPS.
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Liang R, Tong X, Dong Z, Qin W, Fan L, Bai Z, Zhang Z, Xiang T, Wang Z, Tan N. Suhuang antitussive capsule ameliorates post-infectious cough in mice through AhR-Nrf2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114664. [PMID: 34555451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Suhuang antitussive capsule (SH capsule), a typical traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) compound, is widely used for the treatment of post-infectious cough (PIC) in the clinic. Our previous studies have demonstrated that SH capsule possesses significant ameliorative effects on cough variant asthma (CVA), sputum obstruction and airway remodeling. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is designed to investigate the ameliorative effects and potential mechanisms of SH capsule on PIC in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS To establish the PIC model, ICR mice were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (3 mg/kg) once, followed by cigarettes smoke (CS) exposure for 30 min per day for 30 days. Mice were intragastrically (i.g.) administrated with SH capsule at the doses of 3.5, 7, 14 g/kg each day for 2 weeks since the 24th day. The number of coughs, coughs latencies, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and histological analysis were used to investigate the effects of SH capsule on PIC mice. Quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and western blotting were conducted to evaluate the levels of mRNA and proteins associated with Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) assays were performed to evaluate the oxidative stress. A549 cells were used to investigate the ameliorative effects of SH capsule in vitro. RESULTS SH capsule effectively diminished the number of coughs and extended coughs latencies in PIC mice. The airway inflammation was alleviated by decreasing the expression levels of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Moreover, SH capsule dose-dependently activated AhR-Nrf2 pathway and induced the nuclear translocation in vitro and in vivo. Besides, SH capsule significantly increased the levels of SOD, GSH and T-AOC in mice. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that SH capsule ameliorates airway inflammation-associated PIC in mice through activating AhR-Nrf2 pathway and consequently alleviating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Liang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Xiyang Tong
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Zhikui Dong
- Beijing Haiyan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, Beijing, 102206, PR China; Jiangsu Longfengtang Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, Taizhou, 225321, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Lingling Fan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Ziyu Bai
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Ting Xiang
- Beijing Haiyan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Ninghua Tan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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Takenaka Y, Inoue I, Nakano T, Ikeda M, Kakinuma Y. Prolonged disturbance of proteostasis induces cellular senescence via temporal mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent mitochondrial accumulation in human fibroblasts. FEBS J 2021; 289:1650-1667. [PMID: 34689411 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteolytic activity declines with age, resulting in the accumulation of aggregated proteins in aged organisms. To investigate how disturbance in proteostasis causes cellular senescence, we developed a stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) model, in which normal human fibroblast MRC-5 cells were treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or the vacuolar-type ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BAFA1) for 5 days. Time-course studies revealed a significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide during and after drug treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential initially decreased, suggesting temporal mitochondrial dysfunction during drug treatment, but was restored along with mitochondrial accumulation after drug treatment. AMP-activated protein kinase alpha was notably activated during treatment; thereafter, intracellular ATP levels significantly increased. SIPS induction by MG132 or BAFA1 was partially attenuated by co-treatment with vitamin E or rapamycin, in which the levels of ROS, mitochondrial accumulation, and protein aggregates were suppressed, implying the critical involvement of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in SIPS progression. Rapamycin co-treatment also augmented the expression of HSP70 and activation of AKT, which could recover proteostasis and promote cell survival, respectively. Our study proposes a possible pathway from the disturbed proteostasis to cellular senescence via excess ROS production as well as functional and quantitative changes in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Takenaka
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ikeda
- Department of Physiology, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kakinuma
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Preclinical Advances of Therapies for Laminopathies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214834. [PMID: 34768351 PMCID: PMC8584472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a group of rare disorders due to mutation in LMNA gene. Depending on the mutation, they may affect striated muscles, adipose tissues, nerves or are multisystemic with various accelerated ageing syndromes. Although the diverse pathomechanisms responsible for laminopathies are not fully understood, several therapeutic approaches have been evaluated in patient cells or animal models, ranging from gene therapies to cell and drug therapies. This review is focused on these therapies with a strong focus on striated muscle laminopathies and premature ageing syndromes.
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Cao Y, Yang Z, Chen Y, Jiang S, Wu Z, Ding B, Yang Y, Jin Z, Tang H. An Overview of the Posttranslational Modifications and Related Molecular Mechanisms in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:630401. [PMID: 34124032 PMCID: PMC8193943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.630401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common diabetic microvascular complication, is characterized by its complex pathogenesis, higher risk of mortality, and the lack of effective diagnosis and treatment methods. Many studies focus on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and have reported that the pathophysiology of DN is very complex, involving many molecules and abnormal cellular activities. Given the respective pivotal roles of NF-κB, Nrf2, and TGF-β in inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis during DN, we first review the effect of posttranslational modifications on these vital molecules in DN. Then, we describe the relationship between these molecules and related abnormal cellular activities in DN. Finally, we discuss some potential directions for DN treatment and diagnosis. The information reviewed here may be significant in the design of further studies to identify valuable therapeutic targets for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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10
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Liu F, Yang W, Hu M, Zhang Y, Sun B, Yang H, Brosius J, Deng C. Constitutive activity of GPR26 regulated by ubiquitin-dependent degradation and its antitumor role. FEBS J 2021; 288:4655-4682. [PMID: 33577134 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in many physiological functions and numerous diseases. In addition to the classic ligand-stimulated receptor activity, an increasing number of studies have established that many GPCRs function constitutively in a receptor dose-dependent manner. Previous observations showed that following gene transfection, little or no protein was detectable for certain GPCRs (designated apparent state A), such as GPR26, GPR39, GPR78, GPR133, GPR139, BRS3, and LGR5, which showed strong constitutive activities. When we lysed cells in the immediate presence of western blot loading buffer, a significant increase of protein levels was detected (actual state B), which was much closer to the true expression levels under physiological conditions. GPR26 was chosen for further functional experiments as the actual state B. We identified an important ubiquitination site, K286, as well as the ubiquitin ligase E3 homologous to the E6-associated protein carboxyl terminus domain containing 3 interacting with GPR26. The pronounced differences in the protein expression and constitutive activity of GPR26 were a consequence of the ubiquitin-mediated rapid degradation mechanism. Furthermore, we identified in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity associated with high expression levels and constitutive activity of GPR26 in liver cancer cells. Hence, GPR26 could act as an antitumor gene for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study also represents the actual state B of a batch of GPCRs that actually play potentially important roles in physiological functions by their constitutive activity, which is controlled by rapid ubiquitin-dependent degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Minghui Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- West China - Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juergen Brosius
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Experimental Pathology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Cheng Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
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11
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Behl T, Chadha S, Sachdeva M, Kumar A, Hafeez A, Mehta V, Bungau S. Ubiquitination in rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci 2020; 261:118459. [PMID: 32961230 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease leading to inflammation of synovial membrane that lines the joints. This inflammation further progresses and results in destruction of joints and surrounding cartilages. The underlying factors can be oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory mediators, imbalance and attenuation between various enzymes and proteins (like nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/Nrf2 and ubiquitin). Protein degradation pathways comprises of lysosomal, proteasomal pathway, and autophagosome (that are carried out in mammalian cells) are regulated through ubiquitin. Ubiquitin proteasomal system is dominating pathway for carrying out non-lysosomal proteolysis of intracellularly proteins. Fundamental processes including cell cycle progression, process of division, apoptosis, modulation of immune responses and cell trafficking are regulated by process of ubiquitination. Ubiquitin proteasomal pathway (UPP) includes ubiquitin moieties which are covalently attached to proteins and guides them proteasome for degradation. Misfolded, oxidized and damaged proteins which are responsible for critical processes, are major targets of degradation process. Any alteration in this system leads to dysregulated cellular homeostasis; progressively leading to numerous diseases including rheumatoid arthritis. Factors including TAK1, TRAF6 undergo are required for the progression of disease and thus contributes towards pathology of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. This review will include all linked aspects which contribute its major role in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Swati Chadha
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Ditt. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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12
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Karan A, Bhakkiyalakshmi E, Jayasuriya R, Sarada DVL, Ramkumar KM. The pivotal role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacol Res 2019; 153:104601. [PMID: 31838079 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a key event in the onset and progression of vascular complications associated with diabetes. Regulation of endothelial function and the underlying signaling mechanisms in the progression of diabetes-induced vascular complications have been well established. Recent studies indicate that increased oxidative stress is an important determinant of endothelial injury and patients with hypertension display ED mediated by impaired Nitric Oxide (NO) availability. Further, oxidative stress is known to be associated with inflammation and ED in vascular remodeling and diabetes-associated hypertension. Numerous strategies have been developed to improve the function of endothelial cells and increasing number of evidences highlight the indispensable role of antioxidants in modulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation responses. Nuclear factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), is the principal transcriptional regulator, that is central in mediating oxidative stress signal response. Having unequivocally established the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and oxidative stress, the pivotal role of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE network, has taken the center stage as target for developing therapies towards maintaining the cellular redox environment. Several activators of Nrf2 are known to combat diabetes-induced ED and few are currently in clinical trials. Focusing on their therapeutic value in diabetes-induced ED, this review highlights some natural and synthetic molecules that are involved in the modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE network and its underlying molecular mechanisms in the regulation of ED. Further emphasis is also laid on the therapeutic benefits of directly up-regulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defences in regulating endothelial redox homeostasis for countering diabetes-induced ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Karan
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Elango Bhakkiyalakshmi
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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Jin F, Xiao D, Zhao T, Yu M. Proteasome inhibitor MG132 suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-cell migration by increasing ESE3 expression. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:858-868. [PMID: 31897200 PMCID: PMC6924158 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 has been examined in numerous human cancer types; however, its influence on the metastasis and progression of pancreatic cancer is yet to be determined. In the present study, the effect of MG132 treatment on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines (SW1990 and PANC-1) was examined. Compared with the control groups, MG132 treatment resulted in higher expression levels of ETS homologous factor (ESE3), a crucial member of the E26 transformation-specific family that is central to various differentiation and development processes in epithelial tissues. MG132 treatment also increased the nuclear translocation of ESE3. Mechanistically, MG132 further inhibited the invasion and migration of PDAC cells by promoting E-cadherin expression, which not only plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion, but is also a direct target of ESE3. Furthermore, subsequent knockdown experiments, using short interfering RNAs, demonstrated that MG132 upregulated E-cadherin via an increase in ESE3 expression. The results of the present study support the hypothesis that MG132 treatment inhibits PDAC metastasis, highlighting the potential of MG132 as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjie Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Tiansuo Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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Zhang S, Xue R, Hu R. The neuroprotective effect and action mechanism of polyphenols in diabetes mellitus-related cognitive dysfunction. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1295-1311. [PMID: 31598747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide. Strong evidence has emerged that DM is a risk factor for the accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the development of dementia. Though traditional pharmaceutical agents are efficient for the management of DM and DM-related cognitive decrement, long-term use of these drugs are along with undesired side effects. Therefore, tremendous studies have focused on the therapeutic benefits of natural compounds at present. Ample evidence exists to prove that polyphenols are capable to modulate diabetic neuropathy with minimal toxicity and adverse effects. PURPOSE To describe the benefits and mechanisms of polyphenols on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we introduce an updated overview of associations between DM and cognitive dysfunction. The risk factors as well as pathological and molecular mechanisms of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction are summarized. More importantly, many active polyphenols that possess preventive and therapeutic effects on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and the potential signaling pathways involved in the action are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effects of polyphenols on DM-related cognitive dysfunction pave a novel way for the management of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ran Xue
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruizhe Hu
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Harhouri K, Frankel D, Bartoli C, Roll P, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Lévy N. An overview of treatment strategies for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome. Nucleus 2019; 9:246-257. [PMID: 29619863 PMCID: PMC5973194 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1460045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a sporadic, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by premature and accelerated aging symptoms leading to death at the mean age of 14.6 years usually due to cardiovascular complications. HGPS is caused by a de novo point mutation in the LMNA gene encoding the intermediate filament proteins lamins A and C which are structural components of the nuclear lamina. This mutation leads to the production of a truncated toxic form of lamin A, issued from aberrant splicing and called progerin. Progerin accumulates in HGPS cells' nuclei and is a hallmark of the disease. Small amounts of progerin are also produced during normal aging. HGPS cells and animal preclinical models have provided insights into the molecular and cellular pathways that underlie the disease and have also highlighted possible mechanisms involved in normal aging. This review reports recent medical advances and treatment approaches for patients affected with HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Harhouri
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG - U1251 , Marseille , France
| | - Diane Frankel
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG - U1251 , Marseille , France.,b APHM, Hôpital la Timone, Service de Biologie Cellulaire , Marseille , France
| | | | - Patrice Roll
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG - U1251 , Marseille , France.,b APHM, Hôpital la Timone, Service de Biologie Cellulaire , Marseille , France
| | - Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG - U1251 , Marseille , France.,c APHM, Hôpital la Timone , Département de Génétique Médicale , Marseille , France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG - U1251 , Marseille , France.,c APHM, Hôpital la Timone , Département de Génétique Médicale , Marseille , France
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16
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Liu TT, Guo L, Lin Y, Nie XW, Bian JS. Hydrogen Sulfide: Recent Progression and Perspectives for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152857. [PMID: 31390847 PMCID: PMC6696501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease develops in approximately 40% of diabetic patients and is a major cause of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is synthesized in nearly all organs, including the kidney. Though studies on H2S regulation of renal physiology and pathophysiology are still in its infancy, emerging evidence shows that H2S production by renal cells is reduced under disease states and H2S donors ameliorate kidney injury. Specifically, aberrant H2S level is implicated in various renal pathological conditions including diabetic nephropathy. This review presents the roles of H2S in diabetic renal disease and the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of H2S against diabetic renal damage. H2S may serve as fundamental strategies to treat diabetic kidney disease. These H2S treatment modalities include precursors for H2S synthesis, H2S donors, and natural plant-derived compounds. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggests the potential role of the H2S signaling pathway in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, these results need further clinical translation. Expanding understanding of H2S in the kidney may be vital to translate H2S to be a novel therapy for diabetic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Teng-Teng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ye Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215000, China.
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17
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Deng H, Ikeda A, Cui H, Bartlett JD, Suzuki M. MDM2-Mediated p21 Proteasomal Degradation Promotes Fluoride Toxicity in Ameloblasts. Cells 2019; 8:E436. [PMID: 31083332 PMCID: PMC6562432 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoride overexposure is an environmental health hazard and can cause enamel and skeletal fluorosis. Previously we demonstrated that fluoride increased acetylated-p53 and its downstream target p21 in ameloblast-derived LS8 cells. However, p21 function in fluoride toxicity is not well characterized. This study seeks to gain a better understanding of how p53 down-stream mediators, p21 and MDM2, respond to fluoride toxicity. LS8 cells were treated with NaF with/without MG-132 (proteasome inhibitor) or Nutlin-3a (MDM2 antagonist). NaF treatment for 2-6 h increased phospho-p21, which can inhibit apoptosis. However, phospho-p21 and p21 were decreased by NaF at 24 h, even though p21 mRNA was significantly increased at this time point. MG-132 reversed the fluoride-mediated p21 decrease, indicating that fluoride facilitates p21 proteasomal degradation. MG-132 suppressed fluoride-induced caspase-3 cleavage, suggesting that the proteasome plays a pro-apoptotic role in fluoride toxicity. NaF increased phospho-MDM2 in vitro and in mouse ameloblasts in vivo. Nutlin-3a suppressed NaF-mediated MDM2-p21 binding to reverse p21 degradation which increased phospho-p21. This suppressed apoptosis after 24 h NaF treatment. These results suggest that MDM2-mediated p21 proteasomal degradation with subsequent phospho-p21 attenuation contributes to fluoride-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of MDM2-mediated p21 degradation may be a potential therapeutic target to mitigate fluoride toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Deng
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - John D Bartlett
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Maiko Suzuki
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Zhang F, Munoz FM, Sun L, Zhang S, Lau SS, Monks TJ. Cell-specific regulation of Nrf2 during ROS-Dependent cell death caused by 2,3,5-tris(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone (TGHQ). Chem Biol Interact 2019; 302:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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p62-Dependent Phase Separation of Patient-Derived KEAP1 Mutations and NRF2. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00644-17. [PMID: 30126895 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00644-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-derived loss-of-function mutations in the KEAP1 tumor suppressor gene stabilize the NRF2 transcription factor, resulting in a prosurvival gene expression program that alters cellular metabolism and neutralizes oxidative stress. In a recent genotype-phenotype study, we classified 40% of KEAP1 mutations as ANCHOR mutants. By immunoprecipitation, these mutants bind more NRF2 than wild-type KEAP1 and ubiquitylate NRF2, but they are incapable of promoting NRF2 degradation. BioID-based protein interaction studies confirmed increased abundance of NRF2 within the KEAP1 ANCHOR mutant complexes, with no other statistically significant changes to the complexes. Discrete molecular dynamic simulation modeling and limited proteolysis suggest that the ANCHOR mutations stabilize residues in KEAP1 that contact NRF2. The modeling supports an intramolecular salt bridge between the R470C ANCHOR mutation and E493; mutation of the E493 residue confirmed the model, resulting in the ANCHOR phenotype. In live cells, the KEAP1 R320Q and R470C ANCHOR mutants colocalize with NRF2, p62/SQSTM1, and polyubiquitin in structured spherical droplets that rapidly fuse and dissolve. Transmission electron microscopy coupled with confocal fluorescent imaging revealed membraneless phase-separated biomolecular condensates. We present a model wherein ANCHOR mutations form p62-dependent biomolecular condensates that may represent a transitional state between impaired proteasomal degradation and autophagy.
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Hu S, Jin Y, Liu Y, Ljungman M, Neamati N. Synthesis and mechanistic studies of quinolin-chlorobenzothioate derivatives with proteasome inhibitory activity in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:884-895. [PMID: 30253345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of proteasome activity blocks the degradation of dysfunctional proteins and induces cancer cell death due to cellular stress. Thus, proteasome inhibitors represent an attractive class of anticancer agents, and bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib have been FDA-approved to treat multiple myeloma. However, cancer cells acquire resistance to these inhibitors through point mutations in the proteasome catalytic subunit or induction of alternative compensatory mechanisms. In this study, we identified a quinolin-chlorobenzothioate, QCBT7, as a new proteasome inhibitor showing cytotoxicity in a panel of cancer cell lines. QCBT7 is a more stable derivative of quinoline-8-thiol that targets the regulatory subunit instead of the catalytic subunit of the proteasome. QCBT7 caused the accumulation of ubiquitylated proteins in the cancer cells, indicating its proteasome inhibitory activity. Additionally, QCBT7 increased the expression of a set of genes (PFKFB4, CHOP, HMOX1 and SLC7A11) at both nascent RNA and protein levels, similarly to the known proteasome inhibitors MG132 and ixazomib. Together, QCBT7 induces proteasome inhibition, hypoxic response, endoplasmic reticulum stress and glycolysis, finally leading to cell death. Importantly, we have identified PFKFB4 as a potential biomarker of proteasome inhibitors that can be used to monitor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Yanghan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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Jena KK, Kolapalli SP, Mehto S, Nath P, Das B, Sahoo PK, Ahad A, Syed GH, Raghav SK, Senapati S, Chauhan S, Chauhan S. TRIM16 controls assembly and degradation of protein aggregates by modulating the p62-NRF2 axis and autophagy. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798358. [PMID: 30143514 PMCID: PMC6138442 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequestration of protein aggregates in inclusion bodies and their subsequent degradation prevents proteostasis imbalance, cytotoxicity, and proteinopathies. The underlying molecular mechanisms controlling the turnover of protein aggregates are mostly uncharacterized. Herein, we show that a TRIM family protein, TRIM16, governs the process of stress-induced biogenesis and degradation of protein aggregates. TRIM16 facilitates protein aggregate formation by positively regulating the p62-NRF2 axis. We show that TRIM16 is an integral part of the p62-KEAP1-NRF2 complex and utilizes multiple mechanisms for stabilizing NRF2. Under oxidative and proteotoxic stress conditions, TRIM16 activates ubiquitin pathway genes and p62 via NRF2, leading to ubiquitination of misfolded proteins and formation of protein aggregates. We further show that TRIM16 acts as a scaffold protein and, by interacting with p62, ULK1, ATG16L1, and LC3B, facilitates autophagic degradation of protein aggregates. Thus, TRIM16 streamlines the process of stress-induced aggregate clearance and protects cells against oxidative/proteotoxic stress-induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo Taken together, this work identifies a new mechanism of protein aggregate turnover, which could be relevant in protein aggregation-associated diseases such as neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kautilya Kumar Jena
- Cell Biology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Subhash Mehto
- Cell Biology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Parej Nath
- Cell Biology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Sahoo
- Cell Biology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Immuno-Genomics and Systems Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Gulam Hussain Syed
- Molecular Virology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sunil K Raghav
- Immuno-Genomics and Systems Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shantibhusan Senapati
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Swati Chauhan
- Translational Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Santosh Chauhan
- Cell Biology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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22
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Chen-Roetling J, Regan RF. Targeting the Nrf2-Heme Oxygenase-1 Axis after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:2226-2237. [PMID: 27799046 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161027150616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury to cells adjacent to an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is likely mediated at least in part by toxins released from the hematoma that initiate complex and interacting injury cascades. Pharmacotherapies targeting a single toxin or pathway, even if consistently effective in controlled experimental models, have a high likelihood of failure in a variable clinical setting. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and multiple other proteins with antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects, and may be a target of interest after ICH. METHODS Studies that tested the effect of HO and Nrf2 in models relevant to ICH are summarized, with an effort to reconcile conflicting data by consideration of methodological limitations. RESULTS In vitro studies demonstrated that Nrf2 activators rapidly increased HO-1 expression in astrocytes, and reduced their vulnerability to hemoglobin or hemin. Modulating HO-1 expression via genetic approaches yielded similar results. Systemic treatment with small molecule Nrf2 activators increased HO-1 expression in perivascular cells, particularly astrocytes. When tested in mouse or rat ICH models, Nrf2 activators were consistently protective, improving barrier function and attenuating edema, inflammation, neuronal loss and neurological deficits. These effects were mimicked by selective astrocyte HO-1 overexpression in transgenic mice. CONCLUSION Systemic treatment with Nrf2 activators after ICH is protective in rodents. Two compounds, dimethyl fumarate and hemin, are currently approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis and acute porphyria, respectively, and have acceptable safety profiles over years of clinical use. Further development of these drugs as ICH therapeutics seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen-Roetling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building Room 813, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Raymond F Regan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building Room 813, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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23
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Yang XF, Zhao ZJ, Liu JJ, Yang XH, Gao Y, Zhao S, Shi S, Huang KQ, Zheng HC. SAHA and/or MG132 reverse the aggressive phenotypes of glioma cells: An in vitro and vivo study. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3156-3169. [PMID: 27911270 PMCID: PMC5356872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the anti-tumor effects and molecular mechanisms of SAHA (a histone deacetylase inhibitor) and MG132 (a proteasome inhibitor) on the aggressive phenotypes of glioma cells, we treated U87 and U251 cells with SAHA or/and MG132, and detected phenotypes’ assays with phenotype-related molecules examined. It was found that SAHA or/and MG132 treatment suppressed proliferation in both concentration- and time-dependent manners, inhibited energy metabolism, migration, invasion and lamellipodia formation, and induced G2 arrest and apoptosis in the glioma cells. The treatment with SAHA increased the expression of acetyl-histones 3 and 4, which were recruited to the promoters of p21, p27, Cyclin D1, c-myc and Nanog to down-regulate their transcriptional levels. Expression of acetyl-histones 3 and 4 was higher in gliomas than normal brain tissues. Both drugs’ exposure suppressed tumor growth in nude mice by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation, but increased serum aminotransferase and creatinine. These results indicated that SAHA and/or MG132 may suppress the aggressive phenotypes of glioma cells. They might be employed to treat the glioma if both hepatic and renal injuries are prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Yang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Jia-Jie Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Ke-Qiang Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Hua-Chuan Zheng
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.,Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
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24
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Nrf2, a Potential Therapeutic Target against Oxidative Stress in Corneal Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2326178. [PMID: 29209447 PMCID: PMC5676473 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2326178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Corneal diseases are one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. Conservative medical agents, which may prevent sight-threatening corneal disease progression, are urgently desired. Numerous evidences have revealed the involvement of oxidative stress in various corneal diseases, such as corneal wound healing and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like erythroid-cell-derived protein with CNC homology- (ECH-) associated protein 1 (Keap1)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling is well known as one of the main antioxidative defense systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to elucidate the different expression profiles of Nrf2 signaling as well as the underlying mechanisms in corneal diseases, implicating that Nrf2 may serve as a potentially promising therapeutic target for corneal diseases.
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25
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Dafre AL, Schmitz AE, Maher P. Methylglyoxal-induced AMPK activation leads to autophagic degradation of thioredoxin 1 and glyoxalase 2 in HT22 nerve cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:270-279. [PMID: 28363601 PMCID: PMC5492945 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major glycating agent that reacts with basic residues of proteins and promotes the formation of advanced glycation end products which are believed to play key roles in a number of pathologies, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammation. We previously showed that MGO treatment targets the thioredoxin and the glyoxalase systems, leading to a decrease in Trx1 and Glo2 proteins in immortalized mouse hippocampal HT22 nerve cells. Here, we propose that autophagy is the underlying mechanism leading to Glo2 and Trx1 loss induced by MGO. The autophagic markers p62, and the lipidated and active form of LC3, were increased by MGO (0.5mM). Autophagy inhibition with bafilomycin or chloroquine prevented the decrease in Trx1 and Glo2 at 6 and 18h after MGO treatment. Proteasome inhibition by MG132 exacerbated the effect of MGO on Trx1 and Glo2 degradation (18h), further suggesting a role for autophagy. ATG5 small interfering RNA protected Trx1 and Glo2 from MGO-induced degradation, confirming Trx1 and Glo2 loss is mediated by autophagy. In the search for the signals that control autophagy, we found that AMPK activation, a known autophagy inducer, was markedly increased by MGO treatment. AMPK activation was confirmed by increased acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase phosphorylation, a direct AMPK substrate and by decreased mTOR phosphorylation, an indirect marker of AMPK activation. To confirm that MGO-mediated Trx1 and Glo2 degradation was AMPK-dependent, AMPK-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were treated with MGO. Wildtype MEFs presented the expected decrease in Trx1 and Glo2, while MGO was ineffective in decreasing these proteins in AMPK-deficient cells. Overall, the data indicate that MGO activates autophagy in an AMPK-dependent manner, and that autophagy was responsible for Trx1 and Glo2 degradation, confirming that Trx1 and Glo2 are molecular targets of MGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alcir Luiz Dafre
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ariana Ern Schmitz
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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26
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Jeon YM, Lee S, Kim S, Kwon Y, Kim K, Chung CG, Lee S, Lee SB, Kim HJ. Neuroprotective Effects of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition against ER Stress-Induced Toxicity. Mol Cells 2017; 40:280-290. [PMID: 28359145 PMCID: PMC5424274 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is known to regulate the ER stress signaling pathway, but its role in neuronal systems in terms of ER stress remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that rotenone-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma cell lines and mouse primary cortical neurons was ameliorated by PTP1B inhibition. Moreover, the increase in the level of ER stress markers (eIF2α phosphorylation and PERK phosphorylation) induced by rotenone treatment was obviously suppressed by concomitant PTP1B inhibition. However, the rotenone-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was not affected by PTP1B inhibition, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect of the PTP1B inhibitor is not associated with ROS production. Moreover, we found that MG132-induced toxicity involving proteasome inhibition was also ameliorated by PTP1B inhibition in a human neuroblastoma cell line and mouse primary cortical neurons. Consistently, downregulation of the PTP1B homologue gene in Drosophila mitigated rotenone- and MG132-induced toxicity. Taken together, these findings indicate that PTP1B inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic approach for ER stress-mediated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Jeon
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068,
Korea
| | - Shinrye Lee
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068,
Korea
| | - Seyeon Kim
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068,
Korea
| | - Younghwi Kwon
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068,
Korea
| | - Kiyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
| | - Chang Geon Chung
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988,
Korea
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sung Bae Lee
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988,
Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kim
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068,
Korea
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27
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Cui W, Min X, Xu X, Du B, Luo P. Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:3797802. [PMID: 28512642 PMCID: PMC5420438 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3797802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is manifested as increased urinary protein level, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and final renal dysfunction. DN is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and causes a huge societal healthcare burden. Since satisfied treatments are still limited, exploring new strategies for the treatment of this disease is urgently needed. Oxidative stress takes part in the initiation and development of DN. In addition, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Thus, activation of Nrf2 seems to be a new choice for the treatment of DN. In current review, we discussed and summarized the therapeutic effects of Nrf2 activation on DN from both basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xu Min
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, China
- *Bing Du: and
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
- *Ping Luo:
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28
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Zhang F, Lin X, Yu L, Li W, Qian D, Cheng P, He L, Yang H, Zhang C. Low-dose radiation prevents type 1 diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy via activation of AKT mediated anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1352-66. [PMID: 26991817 PMCID: PMC4929303 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether low-dose radiation (LDR) can prevent late-stage diabetic cardiomyopathy and whether this protection is because of the induction of anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant pathways. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice were treated with/without whole-body LDR (12.5, 25, or 50 mGy) every 2 days. Twelve weeks after onset of diabetes, cardiomyopathy was diagnosed characterized by significant cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy and histopathological abnormalities associated with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, which was prevented by LDR (25 or 50 mGy only). Low-dose radiation-induced cardiac protection also associated with P53 inactivation, enhanced Nrf2 function and improved Akt activation. Next, for the mechanistic study, mouse primary cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose (33 mmol/l) for 24 hrs and during the last 15 hrs bovine serum albumin-conjugated palmitate (62.5 μmol/l) was added into the medium to mimic diabetes, and cells were treated with LDR (25 mGy) every 6 hrs during the whole process of HG/Pal treatment. Data show that blocking Akt/MDM2/P53 or Akt/Nrf2 pathways with small interfering RNA of akt, mdm2 and nrf2 not only prevented LDR-induced anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects but also prevented LDR-induced suppression on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis against HG/Pal. Low-dose radiation prevented diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving cardiac function and hypertrophic remodelling attributed to Akt/MDM2/P53-mediated anti-apoptotic and Akt/Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant pathways simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhang
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiufei Lin
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lechu Yu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingliang Qian
- Department of Inspection, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Luqing He
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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29
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The Activation of Nrf2 and Its Downstream Regulated Genes Mediates the Antioxidative Activities of Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:187265. [PMID: 26681964 PMCID: PMC4670635 DOI: 10.1155/2015/187265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have verified the critical role that antioxidative stress plays in protecting vascular endothelial cells. The aims of the present study were to investigate the antioxidative activities and differential regulation of nuclear erythroid-related factor 2- (Nrf2-) mediated gene expression by Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet (XXT), a traditional Chinese medicine with the effect of treating cardiovascular diseases. The antioxidative activities of XXT were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), a PCR array, and western blotting. Our results indicated that XXT exhibited potent antioxidative activities by suppressing the levels of hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We were also conscious of strong Nrf2-mediated antioxidant induction. XXT enhanced the expressions of Keap1, Nrf2, and Nrf2-mediated genes, such as glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in HUVECs. In summary, XXT strongly activated Nrf2 and its downstream regulated genes, which may contribute to the antioxidative and vascular endothelial cell protective activities of XXT.
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30
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Pace BS, Liu L, Li B, Makala LH. Cell signaling pathways involved in drug-mediated fetal hemoglobin induction: Strategies to treat sickle cell disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1050-64. [PMID: 26283707 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215596859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental regulation of globin gene expression has shaped research efforts to establish therapeutic modalities for individuals affected with sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. Fetal hemoglobin has been shown to block sickle hemoglobin S polymerization to improve symptoms of sickle cell disease; moreover, fetal hemoglobin functions to replace inadequate hemoglobin A synthesis in β-thalassemia thus serving as an effective therapeutic target. In the perinatal period, fetal hemoglobin is synthesized at high levels followed by a decline to adult levels by one year of age. It is known that naturally occurring mutations in the γ-globin gene promoters and distant cis-acting transcription factors produce persistent fetal hemoglobin synthesis after birth to ameliorate clinical symptoms. Major repressor proteins that silence γ-globin during development have been targeted for gene therapy in β-hemoglobinopathies patients. In parallel effort, several classes of pharmacological agents that induce fetal hemoglobin expression through molecular and cell signaling mechanisms have been identified. Herein, we reviewed the progress made in the discovery of signaling molecules targeted by pharmacologic agents that enhance γ-globin expression and have the potential for future drug development to treat the β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty S Pace
- Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA
| | - Biaoru Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Levi H Makala
- Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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31
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Komaravelli N, Tian B, Ivanciuc T, Mautemps N, Brasier AR, Garofalo RP, Casola A. Respiratory syncytial virus infection down-regulates antioxidant enzyme expression by triggering deacetylation-proteasomal degradation of Nrf2. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:391-403. [PMID: 26073125 PMCID: PMC4628892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause of viral acute respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in children, for which no vaccine or treatment is available. RSV infection in cells, mice, and children leads to rapid generation of reactive oxygen species, which are associated with oxidative stress and lung damage, due to a significant decrease in the expression of airway antioxidant enzymes (AOEs). Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RSV-induced lung disease, as antioxidants ameliorate clinical disease and inflammation in vivo. The aim of this study is to investigate the unknown mechanism(s) of virus-induced inhibition of AOE expression. RSV infection is shown to induce a progressive reduction in nuclear and total cellular levels of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), resulting in decreased binding to endogenous AOE gene promoters and decreased AOE expression. RSV induces Nrf2 deacetylation and degradation via the proteasome pathway in vitro and in vivo. Histone deacetylase and proteasome inhibitors block Nrf2 degradation and increase Nrf2 binding to AOE endogenous promoters, resulting in increased AOE expression. Known inducers of Nrf2 are able to increase Nrf2 activation and subsequent AOE expression during RSV infection in vitro and in vivo, with significant amelioration of oxidative stress. This is the first study to investigate the mechanism(s) of virus-induced inhibition of AOE expression. RSV-induced inhibition of Nrf2 activation, due to deacetylation and proteasomal degradation, could be targeted for therapeutic intervention aimed to increase airway antioxidant capacity during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Komaravelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Teodora Ivanciuc
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nicholas Mautemps
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Roberto P Garofalo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Antonella Casola
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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32
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Wan Q, Xu Y, Dong E. Diabetic nephropathy research in China: Data analysis and review from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. J Diabetes 2015; 7:307-14. [PMID: 25565189 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As the largest funding agency of natural science of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has made great efforts in promoting the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) research in recent years. The aim of the current study is to summarize the diabetic nephropathy research in China by analyzing NSFC-funded projects. Data on all projects in the DN field funded by NSFC from 1986 to 2013 were collected. The funding tendency, funding areas, and hotspots in the DN field, and major research institutions, were analyzed. As one output of this support, outstanding research groups in China, and their representative studies, are also highlighted. From 1986 to 2013, the NSFC has funded a total of 248 projects in the DN field, with a total funding amount of 91.5 million RMB (US$14.9 million). A rapid increase could be seen in the past 5 years, with an average annual 30% increase in projects numbers and a 52% increase in funding amount. All fields in DN research have been covered by the NSFC, including etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Along with increased funding of the DN research, there has been a growth in the papers published in Science Citation Index journals by Chinese scholars. In the past decade, the funding scale and funding budget have increased dramatically. Benefiting from this, DN research in China has also made considerable progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wan
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China; Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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33
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HIF-1α SUMOylation affects the stability and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α in human lens epithelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2015; 253:1279-90. [PMID: 25877955 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-015-2999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High blood glucose can induce oxidative damage and result in diabetic cataract. Oxidative stress induces various signal pathways including HIF-1α transcriptional signal to attenuate the damage of lenses. Whether HIF-1α SUMOylation can increase the activation of HIF-1α or if high glucose can affect the SUMOylation of HIF-1α in cultured human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) is still unknown, as well as the function of HIF-1α SUMOylation in oxidative damage induced by high glucose in HLECs. In the present study, we examined SUMO and SUMO E3 (Cbx4 and PIASy) expression induced by high glucose, and investigated SUMO or SUMO E3 overexpression that enhanced HIF-1α SUMOylation in HLECs. METHODS SRA01/04 cells, one kind of human lens epithelial cell line, were addressed in media with 5.5 mmol/l (normal control group), 25 mmol/l (high glucose1 group) and 50 mmol/l (high glucose2 group) final glucose respectively. Expression of SUMO1 ~ 4, Cbx4, PIASy, HIF-1α, GLUT1, and VEGFA were detected in the mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Protein expression localization and co-localization were examined by immunofluorescence and co-immunofluorescence. The effects of SUMO overexpression, SUMO E3 overexpression, and Proteasome inhibitor MG132 respectively on the stability and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α were analyzed by immunoblot. RESULTS High glucose treatment induced SUMO1-4 expression and enhanced the expression of Cbx4 and PIASy. It also increased the expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, and VEGFA. The co-localization of HIF-1α and SUMO was mainly in the nucleus induced by high glucose. Further studies showed that SUMO overexpression or SUMO E3 overexpression could enhance HIF-1α stability and transcriptional activity in HLECs. Proteasome inhibitor MG132 protected the stability and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α in the SRA01/04 cells. CONCLUSIONS HIF-1α SUMOylation affected the stability and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α in cultured human lens epithelial cells; SUMO overexpression or SUMO E3 overexpression enhanced the expression of HIF-1α, which is involved in inhibiting cell apoptosis and protecting lens opacification, and presumably plays a key role in protecting lenses from diabetic cataract.
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Music E, Khan S, Khamis I, Heikkila JJ. Accumulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HSP32) in Xenopus laevis A6 kidney epithelial cells treated with sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride or proteasomal inhibitors. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:75-87. [PMID: 25064141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride, heat shock and the proteasomal inhibitors MG132, withaferin A and celastrol on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1; also known as HSP32) accumulation in Xenopus laevis A6 kidney epithelial cells. Immunoblot analysis revealed that HO-1 accumulation was not induced by heat shock but was enhanced by sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Immunocytochemistry revealed that these metals induced HO-1 accumulation in a granular pattern primarily in the cytoplasm. Additionally, in 20% of the cells arsenite induced the formation of large HO-1-containing perinuclear structures. In cells recovering from sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride treatment, HO-1 accumulation initially increased to a maximum at 12h followed by a 50% reduction at 48 h. This initial increase in HO-1 levels was likely the result of new synthesis as it was inhibited by cycloheximide. Interestingly, treatment of cells with a mild heat shock enhanced HO-1 accumulation induced by low concentrations of sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride. Finally, we determined that HO-1 accumulation was induced in A6 cells by the proteasomal inhibitors, MG132, withaferin A and celastrol. An examination of heavy metal and proteasomal inhibitor-induced HO-1 accumulation in amphibians is of importance given the presence of toxic heavy metals in aquatic habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Music
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saad Khan
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Imran Khamis
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - John J Heikkila
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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Bhakkiyalakshmi E, Sireesh D, Rajaguru P, Paulmurugan R, Ramkumar KM. The emerging role of redox-sensitive Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2014; 91:104-14. [PMID: 25447793 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic processes involving in the development of diabetes range from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells with consequent insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in resistance to insulin action. The major contributing factor for excessive β-cell death includes oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage, which creates an imbalance in redox homeostasis. Yet, β-cells have evolved adaptive mechanisms to endure a wide range of stress conditions to safeguard its potential functions. These include 'Nrf2/Keap1' pathway, a key cellular defense mechanism, to combat oxidative stress by regulating phase II detoxifying and antioxidant genes. During diabetes, redox imbalance provokes defective Nrf2-dependent signaling and compromise antioxidant capacity of the pancreas which turnout β-cells to become highly vulnerable against various insults. Hence, identification of small molecule activators of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway remains significant to enhance cellular defense to overcome the burden of oxidative stress related disturbances. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism behind Nrf2 activation and the impact of Nrf2 activators in diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dornadula Sireesh
- SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Palanisamy Rajaguru
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University-BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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Hybertson BM, Gao B. Role of the Nrf2 signaling system in health and disease. Clin Genet 2014; 86:447-52. [PMID: 25099075 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A key component of cytoprotective gene regulation is the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), also known as nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2, from the gene NFE2L2. Under normal conditions, Nrf2 in the cell is targeted for proteasomal degradation by its inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated inhibitor 1 (Keap1). When stimulated by oxidative stress, electrophiles, or kinase activation, conformational changes in the Nrf2-Keap1 complex inhibit proteasomal degradation of Nrf2, facilitating an increase in the amount of Nrf2 that binds to antioxidant response element sequences in the promoter regions of a variety of antioxidant, detoxification, and metabolic control genes. Nrf2 activation is mostly associated with beneficial cytoprotective gene regulation, but it can also have deleterious effects. For example, gene mutations in some types of cancers can lead to constitutive activation of Nrf2 and give the tumor cells growth advantages and increased drug resistance. Because cases exist where Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling is either too low or too high, there is great interest in the development of both Nrf2 activators and Nrf2 inhibitors as the basis of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hybertson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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The role of Nrf2-mediated pathway in cardiac remodeling and heart failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:260429. [PMID: 25101151 PMCID: PMC4102082 DOI: 10.1155/2014/260429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is frequently the consequence of sustained, abnormal neurohormonal, and mechanical stress and remains a leading cause of death worldwide. The key pathophysiological process leading to HF is cardiac remodeling, a term referring to maladaptation to cardiac stress at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. HF and many of the conditions that predispose one to HF are associated with oxidative stress. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the heart can directly lead to increased necrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes which subsequently induce cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Nuclear factor-erythroid-2- (NF-E2-) related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that controls the basal and inducible expression of a battery of antioxidant genes and other cytoprotective phase II detoxifying enzymes that are ubiquitously expressed in the cardiovascular system. Emerging evidence has revealed that Nrf2 and its target genes are critical regulators of cardiovascular homeostasis via the suppression of oxidative stress, which is the key player in the development and progression of HF. The purpose of this review is to summarize evidence that activation of Nrf2 enhances endogenous antioxidant defenses and counteracts oxidative stress-associated cardiac remodeling and HF.
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The role of ubiquitination and sumoylation in diabetic nephropathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:160692. [PMID: 24991536 PMCID: PMC4065738 DOI: 10.1155/2014/160692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and characteristic microvascular complication of diabetes; the mechanisms that cause DN have not been clarified, and the epigenetic mechanism was promised in the pathology of DN. Furthermore, ubiquitination and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) were involved in the progression of DN. MG132, as a ubiquitin proteasome, could improve renal injury by regulating several signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, TGF-β, Nrf2-oxidative stress, and MAPK. In this review, we summarize how ubiquitination and sumoylation may contribute to the pathology of DN, which may be a potential treatment strategy of DN.
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Arnold P, Mojumder D, Detoledo J, Lucius R, Wilms H. Pathophysiological processes in multiple sclerosis: focus on nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and emerging pathways. Clin Pharmacol 2014; 6:35-42. [PMID: 24591852 PMCID: PMC3938468 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s35033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that is characterized by the demyelination of neuronal axons. Four different patterns of demyelination have been described, showing the heterogeneity in the immunopathologic processes involved in the demyelination. This review will focus on reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related inflammation in MS. Special emphasis will be placed on the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as it regulates the transcription of ROS-protective genes. In the cytosol, Nrf2 binds to Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1), and together they are degraded by the 26S proteasome after ubiquitination. If challenged by ROS Nrf2, binding to Keap1 is abrogated, and it translocates into the nucleus. Here it binds to the antioxidant response element and to a small protein termed Maf (musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog). This leads to an enhanced transcription of ROS protective genes and represents the physiological answer against ROS challenge. It has been shown that dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has the same effect and leads to an enhanced transcription of ROS-protective genes. This response is mediated through a reduced binding of Nrf2 to Keap1, thus resulting in a higher level of free Nrf2 in the cytosol. Consequently, more Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus, promoting transcription of its target genes. DMF has been used for the treatment of psoriasis for many years in Germany without the occurrence of major side effects. In psoriasis, DMF reduces ROS-related inflammation in skin. A DMF analog, BG-12, was recently approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS by the European Union and the US Food and Drug Administration. As an oral formulation, it gives patients a convenient and effective alternative to the injectable immune modulators in the long-term treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Deb Mojumder
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - John Detoledo
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henrik Wilms
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Magnolia extract (BL153) ameliorates kidney damage in a high fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:367040. [PMID: 24381715 PMCID: PMC3863519 DOI: 10.1155/2013/367040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrated that obesity is a risk factor for renal structural and functional changes, leading to the end-stage renal disease which imposes a heavy economic burden on the community. However, no effective therapeutic method for obesity-associated kidney disease is available. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of a magnolia extract (BL153) for treating obesity-associated kidney damage in a high fat diet- (HFD-) induced mouse model. The results showed that inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor-α and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) and oxidative stress markers (3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) were all significantly increased in the kidney of HFD-fed mice compared to mice fed with a low fat diet (LFD). Additionally, proteinuria and renal structure changes in HFD-fed mice were much more severe than that in LFD-fed mice. However, all these alterations were attenuated by BL153 treatment, accompanied by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and hexokinase II (HK II) expression in the kidney. The present study indicates that BL153 administration may be a novel approach for renoprotection in obese individuals by antiinflammation and anti-oxidative stress most likely via upregulation of PGC-1α and HK II signal in the kidney.
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Ziaei A, Schmedt T, Chen Y, Jurkunas UV. Sulforaphane decreases endothelial cell apoptosis in fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a novel treatment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54:6724-34. [PMID: 24030461 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is an oxidative stress disorder that leads to age-related and gradual loss of corneal endothelial cells resulting in corneal edema and loss of vision. To date, other than surgical intervention, there are no treatment options for patients with FECD. We have shown that in FECD, there is a deficiency in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-regulated antioxidant defense due to decreased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activation of antioxidant response element (ARE). In this study, we used sulforaphane (SFN) and D3T to investigate a strategy of targeting Nrf2-ARE in FECD. METHODS FECD and normal ex vivo corneas and human corneal endothelial cell lines were pretreated with SFN or D3T and exposed to oxidative stress with tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). Apoptosis was detected with TUNEL. Cellular localization of Nrf2 and p53 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Effect of SFN was determined by using DCFDA assay, Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS After pretreatment with SFN, oxidative stress was induced with tBHP. In ex vivo FECD specimens, SFN decreased CEC apoptosis by 55% in unstressed group and by 43% in tBHP-treated specimens. SFN enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in FECD specimens and decreased p53 staining under oxidative stress. Pretreatment with SFN enhanced cell viability by decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Upregulation of Nrf2 levels led to increased synthesis of DJ-1, heme oxygenase 1, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide quinone oxidoreductase-1. SFN significantly upregulated major ARE-dependent antioxidants and ameliorated oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in FECD. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that targeting Nrf2-ARE pathway may arrest degenerative cell loss seen in FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ziaei
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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