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Manente R, Pedroso GL, Gomes E Moura AP, Borsatto MC, Corona SAM. Laser acupuncture in the treatment of neuropathies in dentistry: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:92. [PMID: 36964825 PMCID: PMC10039357 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Laser acupuncture can be used to treat neurosensory alterations and motor disorders caused by dental treatments. This study aimed to review the existing literature on the effects of laser acupuncture on neuropathies in the context of dentistry and to search for treatment modalities in which this technique is used. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and the PICOS strategy. Randomized clinical trials that evaluated laser acupuncture as a primary intervention for facial neuropathy were included. We searched the database for relevant studies and manually searched the gray literature until April 2022, and finally included four studies. The study was considered eligible if it included patients with paresthesia, facial paralysis, or neuralgia, neuropathies within dentistry, and referred to the application of laser acupuncture as a treatment method. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2 tool. It was observed that the recommended wavelengths ranged from 790 nm to 810 nm, with a frequency of at least two applications per week, and to a greater or lesser degree, all evaluated studies obtained an improvement in sensory or motor recovery of the facial nerves. The use of laser acupuncture presented itself as a viable alternative in dentistry for the treatment of paresthesia and facial paralysis due to its therapeutic potential in neuropathic treatment (CRD42022344339).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Manente
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leite Pedroso
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gomes E Moura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Zuo WM, Li YJ, Cui KY, Shen D, Zhang D, Zheng YW, Huang M, Wu Y, Shen XY, Wang LN, Ding GH. The real-time detection of acupuncture-induced extracellular ATP mobilization in acupoints and exploration of its role in acupuncture analgesia. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:69-85. [PMID: 35113324 PMCID: PMC9984633 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our and in vitro studies had confirmed that mechanosensitive ATP release and accumulation in acupoints was elicited by acupuncture (AP), which might be a pivotal step for triggering AP analgesia. But to date, the dynamics of extracellular ATP (eATP) in the interstitial space during AP process was poorly known, mainly due to the low temporal resolution of the current detection approach. This study attempted to capture rapid eATP signals in vivo in the process of needling, and further explored the role of this eATP mobilization in initiating AP analgesic effect. Ipsilateral 20-min needling was applied on Zusanli acupoint (ST36) of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced ankle arthritis rats. Pain thresholds were assessed in injured-side hindpaws. eATP in the interstitial space was microdialyzed and real-time quantified by luciferin-luciferase assay at 1-min interval with the aid of the microfluid chip. We revealed in behavioral tests that modulation of eATP levels in ST36 influenced AP analgesic effect on ankle arthritis. A transient eATP accumulation was induced by needling that started to mobilize at 4 min, climbed to the peak of 11.21 nM within 3.25 min and gradually recovered. Such AP-induced eATP mobilization was significantly impacted by ankle inflammation, needling depth, needle manipulation, and the presence of local ecto-nucleotidases. This work reveals that needling elicits a transient eATP mobilization in acupoints, which contributes to initiating AP analgesia. This study will help us better understand the peripheral mechanism of AP analgesia and guide clinicians to optimize the needle manipulations to improve AP efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Zuo
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
- HuBei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4 Huayuanshan Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Yu-Jia Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Kai-Yu Cui
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Dan Shen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Di Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 201433 China
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Ya-Wen Zheng
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Meng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 201433 China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xue-Yong Shen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 201433 China
| | - Guang-Hong Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 201433 China
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
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Giniatullin R, Nistri A. Role of ATP in migraine mechanisms: focus on P2X3 receptors. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:1. [PMID: 36597043 PMCID: PMC9809127 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-022-01535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a major health burden worldwide with complex pathophysiology and multifarious underlying mechanisms. One poorly understood issue concerns the early steps in the generation of migraine pain. To elucidate the basic process of migraine pain further, it seems useful to consider key molecular players that may operate synergistically to evoke headache. While the neuropeptide CGRP is an important contributor, we propose that extracellular ATP (that generally plays a powerful nociceptive role) is also a major component of migraine headache, acting in concert with CGRP to stimulate trigeminal nociceptive neurons. The aim of the present focused review is to highlight the role of ATP activating its P2X3 membrane receptors selectively expressed by sensory neurons including their nerve fiber terminals in the meninges. Specifically, we present data on the homeostasis of ATP and related purines in the trigeminovascular system and in the CNS; the basic properties of ATP signalling at peripheral and central nerve terminals; the characteristics of P2X3 and related receptors in trigeminal neurons; the critical speed and persistence of P2X3 receptor activity; their cohabitation at the so-called meningeal neuro-immune synapse; the identity of certain endogenous agents cooperating with ATP to induce neuronal sensitization in the trigeminal sensory system; the role of P2X3 receptors in familial type migraine; the current state of P2X3 receptor antagonists and their pharmacological perspectives in migraine. It is proposed that the unique kinetic properties of P2X3 receptors activated by ATP offer an interesting translational value to stimulate future studies for innovative treatments of migraine pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Giniatullin
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490A.I Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - A. Nistri
- grid.5970.b0000 0004 1762 9868Department of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
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Paper-Based Detection Device for Microenvironment Examination: Measuring Neurotransmitters and Cytokines in the Mice Acupoint. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182869. [PMID: 36139442 PMCID: PMC9497130 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The medical practice of acupuncture involves the insertion of a specialized stainless needle into a specific body point, often called an acupoint, to initiate a perceived phenomenon of de-qi sensation. Therefore, the term “de-qi” describes bodily sensations experienced by the recipient during acupuncture, which may include feelings of soreness, heaviness, fullness, numbness, and migration. However, while acupuncture treatments reportedly result in acupoint activation and an increased release of neurotransmitters or cytokines, detecting these substances released into the acupoint microenvironment is often missed or delayed in clinical and basic practice. (2) Methods: To address this situation, we employed a paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to examine acupoint environmental changes using minute volumes of easily accessible acupoint fluids. (3) Results: Our results indicated that while levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, glutamate, substance P, and histamine were all increased in the experimental group following electroacupuncture (EA) treatment, contrary results were observed in the sham EA and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (Trpv1−/−) groups. Subsequently, TRPV1 and its associated molecules were augmented in mouse dorsal root ganglion, spinal cord, thalamus, and the somatosensory cortex, then examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence techniques. Investigations revealed that these elevations were still unobserved in the sham EA or EA in the Trpv1−/− groups. Furthermore, results showed that while administering ATP could mimic EA function, it could be reversed by the ATP P2 receptor antagonist, suramin. (4) Conclusions: Our data provide novel information, indicating that changes in neurotransmitter and cytokine levels can offer insight into acupuncture mechanisms and clinical targeting.
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Wang LN, Wang XZ, Li YJ, Li BR, Huang M, Wang XY, Grygorczyk R, Ding GH, Schwarz W. Activation of Subcutaneous Mast Cells in Acupuncture Points Triggers Analgesia. Cells 2022; 11:809. [PMID: 35269431 PMCID: PMC8909735 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes experimental evidence indicating that subcutaneous mast cells are involved in the trigger mechanism of analgesia induced by acupuncture, a traditional oriental therapy, which has gradually become accepted worldwide. The results are essentially based on work from our laboratories. Skin mast cells are present at a high density in acupuncture points where fine needles are inserted and manipulated during acupuncture intervention. Mast cells are sensitive to mechanical stimulation because they express multiple types of mechanosensitive channels, including TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV4, receptors and chloride channels. Acupuncture manipulation generates force and torque that indirectly activate the mast cells via the collagen network. Subsequently, various mediators, for example, histamine, serotonin, adenosine triphosphate and adenosine, are released from activated mast cells to the interstitial space; they or their downstream products activate the corresponding receptors situated at local nerve terminals of sensory neurons in peripheral ganglia. The analgesic effects are thought to be generated via the reduced electrical activities of the primary sensory neurons. Alternatively, these neurons project such signals to pain-relevant regions in spinal cord and/or higher centers of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.-N.W.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Xue-Zhi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.-Z.W.); (B.-R.L.)
| | - Yu-Jia Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.-N.W.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Bing-Rong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.-Z.W.); (B.-R.L.)
| | - Meng Huang
- Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Experimental Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Guang-Hong Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.-Z.W.); (B.-R.L.)
| | - Wolfgang Schwarz
- Institute for Biophysics, Department of Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue St. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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The Alleviating Effect of Lagerstroemia indica Flower Extract on Stretch Marks through Regulation of Mast Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041274. [PMID: 35209065 PMCID: PMC8877584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Striae distensae (SD) or stretch marks are common linear scars of atrophic skin with disintegrating extracellular matrix (ECM) structures. Although fibroblasts contribute to the construction of ECM structure in SD, some studies have reported that mast cell degranulation causes the disruption of ECM in early SD lesions. Lagerstroemia indica flower (LIF) has traditionally been used in India as a diuretic. However, little is known about the effect and molecular action of Lagerstroemia indica flower extract (LIFE) on alleviating SD. This study evaluated the effects of LIFE on mast cell degranulation and the synthesis of ECM components in fibroblasts. LIFE inhibits the adhesion of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells, RBL-2H3 on fibronectin (FN) and the expression of integrin, a receptor for FN, thereby reducing focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation. In addition, LIFE attenuated the allergen-induced granules and cytokine interleukin 3 (IL-3) through the adhesion with FN. Moreover, the conditioned medium (CM) of activated mast cells decreases the synthesis of ECM components, and LIFE restores the abnormal expressions induced by activated mast cells. These results demonstrate that LIFE suppresses FN-induced mast cell activation and promotes the synthesis of ECM components in fibroblast, which indicates that LIFE may be a useful cosmetic agent for SD treatment.
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Zheng Y, Zuo W, Shen D, Cui K, Huang M, Zhang D, Shen X, Wang L. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 Channel-Induced Extracellular ATP Accumulation at the Acupoint Mediates Acupuncture Analgesia of Ankle Arthritis in Rats. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:513. [PMID: 34073103 PMCID: PMC8228741 DOI: 10.3390/life11060513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Acupuncture (AP) is a safe and effective analgesic therapy. Understanding how fine needles trigger biological signals can help us optimize needling manipulation to improve its efficiency. Adenosine accumulation in treated acupoints is a vital related event. Here, we hypothesized that extracellular ATP (eATP) mobilization preceded adenosine accumulation, which involved local activation of mechanosensitive channels, especially TRPV4 protein. (2) Methods: AP was applied at the injured-side Zusanli acupoint (ST36) of acute ankle arthritis rats. Pain thresholds were assessed in injured-side hindpaws. eATP in microdialysate from the acupoints was determined by luminescence assay. (3) Results: AP analgesic effect was significantly suppressed by pre-injection of GdCl3 or ruthenium red in ST36, the wide-spectrum inhibitors of mechanosensitive channels, or by HC067047, a specific antagonist of TRPV4 channels. Microdialysate determination revealed a needling-induced transient eATP accumulation that was significantly decreased by pre-injection of HC067047. Additionally, preventing eATP hydrolysis by pre-injection of ARL67156, a non-specific inhibitor of ecto-ATPases, led to the increase in eATP levels and the abolishment of AP analgesic effect. (4) Conclusions: These observations indicate that needling-induced transient accumulation of eATP, due to the activation of mechanosensitive TRPV4 channels and the activities of ecto-ATPases, is involved in the trigger mechanism of AP analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zheng
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weimin Zuo
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaiyu Cui
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xueyong Shen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai 201203, China
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Needling Interventions for Sciatica: Choosing Methods Based on Neuropathic Pain Mechanisms-A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102189. [PMID: 34069357 PMCID: PMC8158699 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sciatica is a condition often accompanied by neuropathic pain (NP). Acupuncture and dry needling are common treatments for pain, and the current literature supports acupuncture as an effective treatment for sciatica. However, it is unknown if the mechanisms of NP are considered in the delivery of needling interventions for sciatica. Our objective was to assess the efficacy and the effectiveness of needling therapies, to identify common needling practices and to investigate if NP mechanisms are considered in the treatment of sciatica. A scoping review of the literature on needling interventions for sciatica and a review of the literature on mechanisms related to NP and needling interventions were performed. Electronic literature searches were conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to August, 2020 to identify relevant papers. Reference lists of included papers were also manually screened and a related-articles search through PubMed was performed on all included articles. Mapping of the results included description of included studies, summary of results, and identification of gaps in the existing literature. Ten articles were included. All studies used acupuncture for the treatment of sciatica, no studies on dry needling were identified. Current evidence supports the efficacy and effectiveness of acupuncture for sciatica, however, no studies considered underlying NP mechanisms in the acupuncture approach for sciatica and the rationale for using acupuncture was inconsistent among trials. This review reveals that neuropathic pain mechanisms are not routinely considered in needling approaches for patients with sciatica. Studies showed acupuncture to be an effective treatment for sciatic pain, however, further research is warranted to explore if needling interventions for sciatica and NP would be more effective if NP mechanisms are considered.
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Park JY, Cho SJ, Lee SH, Ryu Y, Jang JH, Kim SN, Park HJ. Peripheral ERK modulates acupuncture-induced brain neural activity and its functional connectivity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5128. [PMID: 33664320 PMCID: PMC7933175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture has been widely used as a therapeutic intervention, and the brain network plays a crucial role in its neural mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the acupuncture mechanism from peripheral to central by identifying how the peripheral molecular signals induced by acupuncture affect the brain neural responses and its functional connectivity. We confirmed that peripheral ERK activation by acupuncture plays a role in initiating acupuncture-induced peripheral proteomic changes in mice. The brain neural activities in the neocortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal grey, and nucleus of the solitary tract (Sol) were significantly changed after acupuncture, and these were altered by peripheral MEK/MAPK inhibition. The arcuate nucleus and lateral hypothalamus were the most affected by acupuncture and peripheral MEK/MAPK inhibition. The hypothalamic area was the most contributing brain region in contrast task PLS analysis. Acupuncture provoked extensive changes in brain functional connectivity, and the posterior hypothalamus showed the highest betweenness centrality after acupuncture. After brain hub identification, the Sol and cingulate cortex were selected as hub regions that reflect both degree and betweenness centrality after acupuncture. These results suggest that acupuncture activates brain functional connectivity and that peripheral ERK induced by acupuncture plays a role in initiating brain neural activation and its functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, 62 Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ho Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Jang
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-Ro, Goyang, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Mast Cell Degranulation and Adenosine Release:Acupoint Specificity for Effect of Electroacupuncture on Pituitrin-Induced Acute Heart Bradycardia in Rabbits. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1348914. [PMID: 33082816 PMCID: PMC7563041 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1348914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture is a medical modality based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and its effect is relatively dependent on acupoint specificity. However, there is little knowledge on acupoint specificity versus acupuncture outcomes because of the deficiency of rigorous investigation on this topic, which has impeded the growing legitimacy of acupuncture in the mainstream of medicine as an evidence-based therapy. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to clarify this critical issue. The present study aims to verify the phenomenon of acupoint specificity in acupuncture-induced cardiovascular regulation and explore the biological mechanism by measuring mast cells' degranulation and adenosine release. This study was conducted to explore the specificity of acupoints in an acute bradycardia rabbit model. After electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at PC6, PC control (con) 1, PC con 2, LU7, LI11, and nonacupoint, only the PC6 group showed a significant improvement in relative heart rate as compared to that of the model group. There was no significant difference between the relative heart rate of other EA groups and that of the model group. Historical results also showed that the ratio of degranulated mast cells in PC6 was significantly higher than other acupoints and control points. From the results of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a transient elevation of adenosine concentration during EA was only observed on acupoints and control points (P < 0.05) along the pericardium meridian. The EA-induced adjustment on acute bradycardia exhibits a relative specificity of acupoints, which may be related to mast cell degranulation and adenosine release in local acupoint areas. Increased degranulation of mast cells and augmentation of adenosine release during EA may be the mechanisms for PC6 having significantly better acupuncture effects than other acupoints and nonacupoints.
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Koroleva K, Ermakova E, Mustafina A, Giniatullina R, Giniatullin R, Sitdikova G. Protective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Against the ATP-Induced Meningeal Nociception. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:266. [PMID: 32982692 PMCID: PMC7492747 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that extracellular ATP and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a recently discovered gasotransmitter, are both triggering the nociceptive firing in trigeminal nociceptors implicated in migraine pain. ATP contributes to meningeal nociception by activating the P2X3 subunit-containing receptors whereas H2S operates mainly via TRP receptors. However, H2S was also proposed as a neuroprotective and anti-nociceptive agent. This study aimed to test the effect of H2S on ATP-mediated nociceptive responses in rat meningeal afferents and trigeminal neurons and on ATP-induced degranulation of dural mast cells. Electrophysiological recording of trigeminal nerve activity in meninges was supplemented by patch-clamp and calcium imaging studies of isolated trigeminal neurons. The H2S donor NaHS induced a mild activation of afferents and fully suppressed the subsequent ATP-induced firing of meningeal trigeminal nerve fibers. This anti-nociceptive effect of H2S was specific as an even stronger effect of capsaicin did not abolish the action of ATP. In isolated trigeminal neurons, NaHS decreased the inward currents and calcium transients evoked by activation of ATP-gated P2X3 receptors. Moreover, NaHS prevented ATP-induced P2X7 receptor-mediated degranulation of meningeal mast cells which emerged as triggers of migraine pain. Finally, NaHS decreased the concentration of extracellular ATP in the meningeal preparation. Thus, H2S exerted the multiple protective actions against the nociceptive effects of ATP. These data highlight the novel pathways to reduce purinergic mechanisms of migraine with pharmacological donors or by stimulation production of endogenous H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Koroleva
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elizaveta Ermakova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alsu Mustafina
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Raisa Giniatullina
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guzel Sitdikova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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12
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Suleimanova A, Talanov M, Gafurov O, Gafarov F, Koroleva K, Virenque A, Noe FM, Mikhailov N, Nistri A, Giniatullin R. Modeling a Nociceptive Neuro-Immune Synapse Activated by ATP and 5-HT in Meninges: Novel Clues on Transduction of Chemical Signals Into Persistent or Rhythmic Neuronal Firing. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:135. [PMID: 32508598 PMCID: PMC7248338 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP and serotonin (5-HT) are powerful triggers of nociceptive firing in the meninges, a process supporting headache and whose cellular mechanisms are incompletely understood. The current study aimed to develop, with the neurosimulator NEURON, a novel approach to explore in silico the molecular determinants of the long-lasting, pulsatile nature of migraine attacks. The present model included ATP and 5-HT release, ATP diffusion and hydrolysis, 5-HT uptake, differential activation of ATP P2X or 5-HT3 receptors, and receptor subtype-specific desensitization. The model also tested the role of branched meningeal fibers with multiple release sites. Spike generation and propagation were simulated using variable contribution by potassium and sodium channels in a multi-compartment fiber environment. Multiple factors appeared important to ensure prolonged nociceptive firing potentially relevant to long-lasting pain. Crucial roles were observed in: (i) co-expression of ATP P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits; (ii) intrinsic activation/inactivation properties of sodium Nav1.8 channels; and (iii) temporal and spatial distribution of ATP/5-HT release sites along the branches of trigeminal nerve fibers. Based on these factors we could obtain either persistent activation of nociceptive firing or its periodic bursting mimicking the pulsating nature of pain. In summary, our model proposes a novel tool for the exploration of peripheral nociception to test the contribution of clinically relevant factors to headache including migraine pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Talanov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg Gafurov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Fail' Gafarov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ksenia Koroleva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Anaïs Virenque
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Nikita Mikhailov
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Andrea Nistri
- Department of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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13
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Wu Y, Huang M, Xia Y, Ding G. Real-time analysis of ATP concentration in acupoints during acupuncture: a new technique combining microdialysis with patch clamp. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:93. [PMID: 31798687 PMCID: PMC6883586 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper introduces a new technique combining microdialysis with patch clamp to detect the changes in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) concentration in acupoints during acupuncture. The microdialysis probe was implanted into the Zusanli acupoint (ST 36) of adult SD (Sprague Dawley) rats to sample acupoint fluid containing ATP released during acupuncture. Then, the fluid with ATP was delivered in real time to 293 T cells overexpressing P2X3 receptors, with which we could carry out patch clamp experiments. The results showed that changes in membrane currents could reflect changes in the concentration of ATP. Thus, we can successfully detect ATP released in acupoints during acupuncture in real time. This technique provides us with a new way to study the mechanism of acupuncture signal initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, No.220, Rd. Handan, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Meng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, No.220, Rd. Handan, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, No.220, Rd. Handan, Shanghai, 200433 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, No.220, Rd. Handan, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Guanghong Ding
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, No.220, Rd. Handan, Shanghai, 200433 China
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14
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Astuti SD, Victory VS, Mahmud AF, Putra AP, Winarni D. The effects of laser diode treatment on liver dysfunction of Mus musculus due to carbofuran exposure: An in vivo study. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6:499-505. [PMID: 31819878 PMCID: PMC6882707 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of laser diode as an alternative treatment on liver dysfunction (in vivo study) that is caused by carbofuran using male mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb/C. Materials and Methods: The samples were divided into three groups, namely, Group C–L– (control group, no treatment), Group C+L– (only treated by carbofuran treatment), and Group C+L+ (treatment group, treated by carbofuran and laser-puncture) with five replications each. After being treated, each liver slice of samples was observed using microscope to get the histology result and then scored. Results: Carbofuran contamination can lead to inflammation of cells and necrosis. The histology results and the scoring test showed that the liver cells repair with the energy dose of laser diode at 0.5 and 1.0 Joule. Conclusion: The optimum energy dose in this study was 1.0 Joule which had the closest score of inflammatory cells and necrosis to normal liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryani Dyah Astuti
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Vivi Sumanti Victory
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Amalia Fitriana Mahmud
- Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Alfian Pramudita Putra
- Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Winarni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
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15
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Stimulation Parameters of Manual Acupuncture and Their Measurement. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1725936. [PMID: 31558907 PMCID: PMC6735182 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1725936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of manual acupuncture (MA) is closely related to the stimulation amount. In the clinical studies, the stimulation amount is often difficult to be determined. The reason is that there are many parameters affecting the stimulation amount, including manipulation selection, treatment time, needling velocity, and force, and no complete and reasonable scheme is available for the measurement of stimulation parameters. This paper reviewed the theoretical and laboratory measurement studies on MA stimulation, summarized 4 types of available parameters according to the theory of physics, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of the existing methods of parameter measurement. Such efforts are hoped for providing reference for the establishment of the stimulation parameter system of MA and possible technical solutions for future measurement experiments.
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16
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Li NC, Li MY, Chen B, Guo Y. A New Perspective of Acupuncture: The Interaction among Three Networks Leads to Neutralization. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:2326867. [PMID: 30915143 PMCID: PMC6409053 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2326867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture has been used to treat multiple medical conditions, but whether the diverse effects of acupuncture are intrinsically linked and how they might be connected have yet to be determined. More and more researches have shown that acupuncture is a kind of nociceptive stimulus, which can cause inflammatory reaction in the sites of acupuncture and then further activate the nerve-endocrine-immune systems to cause the cascade amplification of the acupuncture effect. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive summary of the existing literature concerning the role of "acupoint-meridian-disease network" in various effects of acupuncture and suggest a novel notion that acupuncture may restore homeostasis under different pathological conditions by regulating this network, resulting in the activation of different reaction cascades in response to pathological injury. We think that acupuncture acts on acupoints, first activating the small network of acupoints (Acupoint Network). The information of acupuncture is amplified by cascade, and the nerve endocrine immune system (NEI) is activated through the large network of meridians (Meridian Network) of the body itself. The nerve-endocrine-immune system (NEI) further outputs the effect information to the target organ through multilevel and multisystems and finally acts on the disease network (Disease Network) to produce acupuncture effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-cen Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Acupuncture Research Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming-yue Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Acupuncture Research Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Acupuncture Research Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Chinese Medicine College of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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17
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Acupuncture and Neural Mechanism in the Management of Low Back Pain-An Update. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5030063. [PMID: 29941854 PMCID: PMC6164863 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the last 10 years, the percentage of low back pain (LBP) prevalence increased by 18%. The management and high cost of LBP put a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Many risk factors have been identified, such as lifestyle, trauma, degeneration, postural impairment, and occupational related factors; however, as high as 95% of the cases of LBP are non-specific. Currently, LBP is treated pharmacologically. Approximately 25 to 30% of the patients develop serious side effects, such as drowsiness and drug addiction. Spinal surgery often does not result in a massive improvement of pain relief. Therefore, complementary approaches are being integrated into the rehabilitation programs. These include chiropractic therapy, physiotherapy, massage, exercise, herbal medicine and acupuncture. Acupuncture for LBP is one of the most commonly used non-pharmacological pain-relieving techniques. This is due to its low adverse effects and cost-effectiveness. Currently, many randomized controlled trials and clinical research studies have produced promising results. In this article, the causes and incidence of LBP on global health care are reviewed. The importance of treatment by acupuncture is considered. The efforts to reveal the link between acupuncture points and anatomical features and the neurological mechanisms that lead to acupuncture-induced analgesic effect are reviewed.
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18
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Yang HW, Liu XY, Shen ZF, Yao W, Gong XB, Huang HX, Ding GH. An investigation of the distribution and location of mast cells affected by the stiffness of substrates as a mechanical niche. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1142-1152. [PMID: 29989093 PMCID: PMC6036734 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution and location of mast cells are closely related to their physiological and pathological functions, such as allergic responses, immunity, and fibrosis, and are used in acupuncture. In this study, the distribution of mast cells in vivo was observed, and mechanical clues for understanding their distribution based on mechanical niches were explored. By toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemical staining, we examined the distribution and location of mast cells in rat skin and found that mast cells are distributed in a spatially nonuniform manner, preferring to locate at regions in the tissue and extracellular matrix with stiffness changes. In vitro experiments for studying the distribution of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) mast cell line on poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) substrates with stiffness variations were performed. It was found that RBL-2H3 cells migrate and tend to remain in the areas with stiffness variations. The present research suggests that changing the stiffness of local tissues may stimulate mast cell recruitment, which may be the method by which some traditional Chinese medicine treatments, such as acupuncture. On the basis of the origin of mast cells and our experimental results, we predict that mast cells exist in tissues that contain permeable capillaries and prefer regions with stiffness changes. We discussed this prediction using examples of specific tissues from some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Yang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin-Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics (Ministry of Education), Department of Engineering Mechanics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhou-Feng Shen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Gong
- Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics (Ministry of Education), Department of Engineering Mechanics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua-Xiong Huang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3
| | - Guang-Hong Ding
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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19
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Critical roles of TRPV2 channels, histamine H1 and adenosine A1 receptors in the initiation of acupoint signals for acupuncture analgesia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6523. [PMID: 29695862 PMCID: PMC5916903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is one of the most promising modalities in complimentary medicine. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood yet. We found that in TRPV2 knockout male mice, acupuncture-induced analgesia was suppressed with a decreased activation of mast cells in the acupoints stimulated. The mast cell stabilizer sodium cromolyn could suppress the release of adenosine in the acupoints on male rats. A direct injection of adenosine A1 receptor agonist or histamine H1 receptor agonist increased β-endorphin in the cerebral-spinal fluid in the acute adjuvant arthritis male rats and thus replicated the analgesic effect of acupuncture. These observations suggest that the mast cell is the central structure of acupoints and is activated by acupuncture through TRPV2 channels. The mast cell transduces the mechanical stimuli to acupuncture signal by activating either H1 or A1 receptors, therefore triggering the acupuncture effect in the subject. These findings might open new frontiers for acupuncture research.
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20
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Meyer-Hamme G, Friedemann T, Greten HJ, Plaetke R, Gerloff C, Schroeder S. ACUDIN - ACUpuncture and laser acupuncture for treatment of DIabetic peripheral Neuropathy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, partially double-blinded trial. BMC Neurol 2018; 18:40. [PMID: 29653569 PMCID: PMC5898043 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-018-1037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus with significant clinical sequelae that can affect a patient's quality of life. Metabolic and microvascular factors are responsible for nerve damage, causing loss of nerve function, numbness, painful sensory symptoms, and muscle weakness. Therapy is limited to anti-convulsant or anti-depressant drugs for neuropathic pain and paresthesia. However, reduced sensation, balance and gait problems are insufficiently covered by this treatment. Previous data suggests that acupuncture, which has been in use in Traditional Chinese Medicine for many years, may potentially complement the treatment options for peripheral neuropathy. Nevertheless, more objective data on clinical outcome is necessary to generally recommend acupuncture to the public. METHODS We developed a study design for a prospective, randomized (RCT), placebo-controlled, partially double-blinded trial for investigating the effect of acupuncture on DPN as determined by nerve conduction studies (NCS) with the sural sensory nerve action potential amplitude as the primary outcome. The sural sensory nerve conduction velocity, tibial motor nerve action potential amplitude, tibial motor nerve conduction velocity, the neuropathy deficit score, neuropathy symptom score, and numeric rating scale questionnaires are defined as secondary outcomes. One hundred and eighty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will be randomized into three groups (needle acupuncture, verum laser acupuncture, and placebo laser acupuncture). We hypothesize that needle and laser acupuncture have beneficial effects on electrophysiological parameters and clinical and subjective symptoms in relation to DPN in comparison with placebo. DISCUSSION The ACUDIN trial aims at investigating whether classical needle acupuncture and/or laser acupuncture are efficacious in the treatment of DPN. For the purpose of an objective parameter, NCS were chosen as outcome measures. Acupuncture treatment may potentially improve patients' quality of life and reduce the socio-economic burden caused by DPN. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS), No. DRKS00008562 , trial search portal of the WHO ( http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Meyer-Hamme
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, House O55, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, House O55, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry Johannes Greten
- Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, Karlsruher Str. 12, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology, Instituto di Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050, –313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosemarie Plaetke
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Schroeder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, House O55, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Cui X, Liu K, Xu D, Zhang Y, He X, Liu H, Gao X, Zhu B. Mast cell deficiency attenuates acupuncture analgesia for mechanical pain using c-kit gene mutant rats. J Pain Res 2018; 11:483-495. [PMID: 29551908 PMCID: PMC5842768 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s152015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acupuncture therapy plays a pivotal role in pain relief, and increasing evidence demonstrates that mast cells (MCs) may mediate acupuncture analgesia. The present study aims to investigate the role of MCs in acupuncture analgesia using c-kit gene mutant-induced MC-deficient rats. Materials and methods WsRC-Ws/Ws rats and their wild-type (WT) littermates (WsRC-+/+) were used. The number of MCs in skin of ST36 area was compared in two rats after immunofluorescence labeling. Mechanical withdrawal latency (MWL), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured on bilateral plantar for pain threshold evaluation before and after each stimulus. Acupuncture- and moxibustion-like stimuli (43°C, 46°C heat, 1 mA electroacupuncture [EA], 3 mA EA, and manual acupuncture [MA]) were applied randomly on different days. Results Fewer MCs were observed in the skin of ST36 in mutant rats compared to WT rats (P<0.001). For pain thresholds, MWL and MWT were higher in WsRC-Ws/Ws compared to WsRC-+/+ on bilateral paws (P<0.05), but TWL was not different between the two rats (P>0.05). Bilateral MWL and MWT in WsRC-+/+ rats increased significantly after each stimulus compared to baseline (P<0.01, P<0.001). In WsRC-Ws/Ws rats, only noxious stimuli could produce anti-nociceptive effects for mechanical pain (46°C, 3 mA EA, MA) (P<0.01, P<0.001). Additionally, the net increases in MWL and MWT induced by most stimuli were greater in WT than in mutant rats (P<0.05). For thermal nociception, either high- or low-intensity stimuli could significantly augment TWL in two rats (P<0.001), and the net increases of TWL evoked by most stimuli were to the same extent in two genetic variants. Conclusion MCs influence the basic mechanical but not thermal pain threshold. MCs participate in acupuncture analgesia in mechanical but not in thermal nociception, in that MC deficiency may attenuate the mechanical analgesia evoked by high-intensity stimuli and eliminate analgesia provoked by low-intensity stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cui
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Classic TCM Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Youyou Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Acupuncture and Massage Department, Hangzhou Qihuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun He
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,TCM and Rehabilitation Department, The Third Hospital of Ulanchap, Ulanchap, China
| | - Xinyan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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ATP-mediated Events in Peritubular Cells Contribute to Sterile Testicular Inflammation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1431. [PMID: 29362497 PMCID: PMC5780482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritubular myoid cells, which form the walls of seminiferous tubules in the testis, are functionally unexplored. While they transport sperm and contribute to the spermatogonial stem cell niche, specifically their emerging role in the immune surveillance of the testis and in male infertility remains to be studied. Recently, cytokine production and activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were uncovered in cultured peritubular cells. We now show that human peritubular cells express purinergic receptors P2RX4 and P2RX7, which are functionally linked to TLRs, with P2RX4 being the prevalent ATP-gated ion channel. Subsequent ATP treatment of cultured peritubular cells resulted in up-regulated (pro-)inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion, while characteristic peritubular proteins, that is smooth muscle cell markers and extracellular matrix molecules, decreased. These findings indicate that extracellular ATP may act as danger molecule on peritubular cells, able to promote inflammatory responses in the testicular environment.
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23
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Adly AS, Adly AS, Adly MS, Serry ZMH. Laser acupuncture versus reflexology therapy in elderly with rheumatoid arthritis. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:1097-1103. [PMID: 28451815 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study are to determine and compare efficacy of laser acupuncture versus reflexology in elderly with rheumatoid arthritis. Thirty elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis aged between 60 and 70 years were classified into two groups, 15 patients each. Group A received laser acupuncture therapy (904 nm, beam area of 1cm2, power 100 mW, power density 100 mW/cm2, energy dosage 4 J, energy density 4 J/cm2, irradiation time 40 s, and frequency 100,000 Hz). The acupuncture points that were exposed to laser radiation are LR3, ST25, ST36, SI3, SI4, LI4, LI11, SP6, SP9, GB25, GB34, and HT7. While group B received reflexology therapy, both offered 12 sessions over 4 weeks. The changes in RAQoL, HAQ, IL-6, MDA, ATP, and ROM at wrist and ankle joints were measured at the beginning and end of treatment. There was significant decrease in RAQoL, HAQ, IL-6, and MDA pre/posttreatment for both groups (p < 0.05); significant increase in ATP pre/posttreatment for both groups (p < 0.05); significant increase in ankle dorsi-flexion, plantar-flexion, wrist flexion, extension, and ulnar deviation ROM pre/posttreatment in group A (p < 0.05); and significant increase in ankle dorsi-flexion and ankle plantar-flexion ROM pre/posttreatment in group B (p < 0.05). Comparison between both groups showed a statistical significant decrease in MDA and a statistical significant increase in ATP in group A than group B. Percent of changes in MDA was 41.82%↓ in group A versus 21.68%↓ in group B; changes in ATP was 226.97%↑ in group A versus 67.02%↑ in group B. Moreover, there was a statistical significant increase in ankle dorsi-flexion, ankle plantar-flexion, wrist flexion, wrist extension, and radial deviation in group A than group B. Laser therapy is associated with significant improvement in MDA and ATP greater than reflexology. In addition, it is associated with significant improvement in ankle dorsi-flexion, ankle plantar-flexion, wrist flexion, wrist extension, and radial deviation greater than reflexology in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Sedky Adly
- Medical Applications of Laser in Physical Medicine, Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular-Respiratory Disorders and Geriatrics, Cairo University Kasr El Aini Medical School, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Sedky Adly
- Computer Science, Biomedical Informatics, Helwan University Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Sedky Adly
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Medical Applications of Laser, Cairo University Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zahra M H Serry
- Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular-Respiratory Disorders and Geriatrics, Cairo University Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Cell culture: complications due to mechanical release of ATP and activation of purinoceptors. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 370:1-11. [PMID: 28434079 PMCID: PMC5610203 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is abundant evidence that ATP (adenosine 5′-triphosphate) is released from a variety of cultured cells in response to mechanical stimulation. The release mechanism involved appears to be a combination of vesicular exocytosis and connexin and pannexin hemichannels. Purinergic receptors on cultured cells mediate both short-term purinergic signalling of secretion and long-term (trophic) signalling such as proliferation, migration, differentiation and apoptosis. We aim in this review to bring to the attention of non-purinergic researchers using tissue culture that the release of ATP in response to mechanical stress evoked by the unavoidable movement of the cells acting on functional purinergic receptors on the culture cells is likely to complicate the interpretation of their data.
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He W, Wang XY, Shi H, Bai WZ, Cheng B, Su YS, Yu XC, Jing XH, Zhu B. Cutaneous neurogenic inflammation in the sensitized acupoints induced by gastric mucosal injury in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:141. [PMID: 28270193 PMCID: PMC5341424 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In acupuncture practice, the most important step is to confirm the location of a sensitized acupoint which reflects a diagnosis and can be stimulated with a specialized needle to treat the disease. Abnormal symptoms such as hyperalgesia or allodynia at the sensitized acupoints in patients with visceral disorders are considered to be in relation with referred pain and neurogenic inflammation. Yet, limited study has investigated the cutaneous neurochemical changes of the sensitized acuponits. METHODS The resent study developed an animal model of gastric mucosal injury (GMI) by HCl administered into the stomach of the rats. Evans Blue (EB) dye was applied by injection of tail vein after mucosal damage to observe the neurogenic plasma extravasation dots in the skin of the rats. The EB dots extravagated in the skin were compared with locations of acupoints. Immnohistochemistry analysis was used to detect the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- or substance P (SP)-labeled nerve fibers, histamine (HA)-, serotonin (5-HT)-, and tryptase-labeled cells in EB dots. Images were recorded and analyzed by Confocal imaging system and Olympus Image Processing Software. RESULTS The results showed that GMI resulted in neurogenic plasma extravasation in the skin of the acupoints over the back and abdomen, which mostly occurred in the T9-11 dermatomere. The EB extravasation dots appeared after GMI and disappeared gradually during the natural self-recovery of the gastric mucosa. More SP and CGRP positive nerve fibers were distributed in EB dots than that in regions beside EB dots and in the control, mostly distributed in the nerve fibers around both the vessels and root of hair follicle. Mast cells also aggregated and degranulated to release algogenic substances of 5-HT and HA around the vessels in areas of the EB dots. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicates that the mechanism of EB extravasation in the skin of the acupoints induced by GMI are closely related to neurogenic inflammation, and that the high expression of local allergic substances and nociceptive neuropeptides in the local skin including SP, CGRP, HA, 5-HT, and mast cell tryptase may be the underlying mechanism of the acupoint sensitization.
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Tsai SH, Takeda K. Regulation of allergic inflammation by the ectoenzyme E-NPP3 (CD203c) on basophils and mast cells. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:571-9. [PMID: 27130555 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is released from dying or damaged cells, as well as from activated cells. Once secreted, extracellular ATP induces several immune responses via P2X and P2Y receptors. Basophils and mast cells release ATP upon FcεRI-crosslinking, and ATP activates basophils and mast cells in an autocrine manner. Nucleotide-converting ectoenzymes, such as E-NTPD1, E-NTPD7, and E-NPP3, inhibit ATP-dependent immune responses by hydrolyzing ATP, thereby contributing to immune response regulation. E-NPP3 is a well-known activation marker for human basophils. E-NPP3's physiologic function has recently been disclosed in mice. E-NPP3 is rapidly induced on basophils and mast cells after FcεRI-crosslinking and hydrolyzes extracellular ATP on cell surfaces to prevent ATP-dependent excess activation of basophils and mast cells. In the absence of E-NPP3, basophils and mast cells are overactivated and mice suffer from severe chronic allergic inflammation. Thus, the ATP-hydrolyzing ectoenzymes E-NPP3 has a nonnegligible role in the regulation of basophil- and mast cell-mediated allergic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Han Tsai
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
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Changes of locoregional skin temperature in neonates undergoing laser needle acupuncture at the acupuncture point large intestine 4. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:571857. [PMID: 25922612 PMCID: PMC4398935 DOI: 10.1155/2015/571857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Laser acupuncture bears a potential risk for the skin surface, especially in neonates whose skin has histological and physiological peculiarities. We evaluated thermal changes of skin temperature in neonates during laser acupuncture by using a thermal camera (Flir i5, Flir Systems Inc., Portland, USA). Laserneedles (Laserneedle GmbH, Glienicke/Nordbahn, Germany) were fixed to the skin at Large Intestine 4 (LI 4, Hegu), bilaterally. Before application of laser acupuncture (685 nm, 15 mW, 500 μm), as well as after 1, 5, and 10 min, thermographic pictures of both hands were taken. The measuring was carried out on the 23rd day after birth (20 neonates, mean postmenstrual gestational age 38 + 2, mean weight 2604 g). Compared to the initial temperature of 34.2°C on the right hand, the skin temperature had increased to 35.3°C (P < 0.05) after 5 min and up to 36.1°C (P < 0.05) after 10 min of stimulation. Equally, on the left hand, an increase of the skin temperature from 34.5°C to 35.9°C (P < 0.05) and 35.9°C (P < 0.05) was measured. The highest measured skin temperature after 10 min of stimulation amounted to 38.7°C, without any clinically visible changes on the skin surface.
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Modulation of extracellular ATP content of mast cells and DRG neurons by irradiation: studies on underlying mechanism of low-level-laser therapy. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:630361. [PMID: 25691809 PMCID: PMC4322657 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level-laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective complementary treatment, especially for anti-inflammation and wound healing in which dermis or mucus mast cells (MCs) are involved. In periphery, MCs crosstalk with neurons via purinergic signals and participate in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Whether extracellular ATP, an important purine in purinergic signaling, of MCs and neurons could be modulated by irradiation remains unknown. In this study, effects of red-laser irradiation on extracellular ATP content of MCs and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons were investigated and underlying mechanisms were explored in vitro. Our results show that irradiation led to elevation of extracellular ATP level in the human mast cell line HMC-1 in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by elevation of intracellular ATP content, an indicator for ATP synthesis, together with [Ca2+]i elevation, a trigger signal for exocytotic ATP release. In contrast to MCs, irradiation attenuated the extracellular ATP content of neurons, which could be abolished by ARL 67156, a nonspecific ecto-ATPases inhibitor. Our results suggest that irradiation potentiates extracellular ATP of MCs by promoting ATP synthesis and release and attenuates extracellular ATP of neurons by upregulating ecto-ATPase activity. The opposite responses of these two cell types indicate complex mechanisms underlying LLLT.
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Wang L, Zhang D, Schwarz W. TRPV Channels in Mast Cells as a Target for Low-Level-Laser Therapy. Cells 2014; 3:662-73. [PMID: 24971848 PMCID: PMC4197630 DOI: 10.3390/cells3030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation in the visible as well as infrared range is applied to skin for treatment of various diseases. Here we summarize and discuss effects of laser irradiation on mast cells that leads to degranulation of the cells. This process may contribute to initial steps in the final medical effects. We suggest that activation of TRPV channels in the mast cells forms a basis for the underlying mechanisms and that released ATP and histamine may be putative mediators for therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Fudan University Shanghai, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wolfgang Schwarz
- Institute for Biophysics, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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