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Kulkarni S, Gaikwad A, Bhoi N, Hade A, Kokwar M, Gulwade M. Isolation, purification and structure elucidation of eight saponin compounds from Calotropis gigantea. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38534095 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2331605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the active ingredient from plant extracts and establishing its safety and efficacy remains a challenge, so there is need to develop optimised Isolation and purification method to concentrate the natural product from plant resources. In the key content areas of Pharmaceutical, natural product Industry and food application. Asclepiadaceae perennial herb Calotropis gigantea has a long history of usage in folk medicine. The purpose of this study to isolate, purified and structure elucidation of the saponin compounds. As per the Literature study reported that, the saponin compounds remain a huge source for medicinal, are rich sources of chemical compounds having tremendous diversity with respect to structure, function and mechanism of action. In this study we selected Calotropis gigantea for the separation of the saponin. In the present study we successfully isolated, purified, elucidated the structure and identified the saponin compounds using HPLC and HR LC-MS techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Kulkarni
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra
| | - Ajit Gaikwad
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra
| | - Nilesh Bhoi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra
| | - Amit Hade
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra
| | - Mona Kokwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra
| | - Manali Gulwade
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra
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2
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Liu XY, Wang YN, Du JS, Chen BH, Liu KY, Feng L, Xiang GS, Zhang SY, Lu YC, Yang SC, Zhang GH, Hao B. Biosynthetic pathway of prescription bergenin from Bergenia purpurascens and Ardisia japonica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1259347. [PMID: 38239219 PMCID: PMC10794647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1259347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Bergenin is a typical carbon glycoside and the primary active ingredient in antitussive drugs widely prescribed for central cough inhibition in China. The bergenin extraction industry relies on the medicinal plant species Bergenia purpurascens and Ardisia japonica as their resources. However, the bergenin biosynthetic pathway in plants remains elusive. In this study, we functionally characterized a shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH), two O-methyltransferases (OMTs), and a C-glycosyltransferase (CGT) involved in bergenin synthesis through bioinformatics analysis, heterologous expression, and enzymatic characterization. We found that BpSDH2 catalyzes the two-step dehydrogenation process of shikimic acid to form gallic acid (GA). BpOMT1 and AjOMT1 facilitate the methylation reaction at the 4-OH position of GA, resulting in the formation of 4-O-methyl gallic acid (4-O-Me-GA). AjCGT1 transfers a glucose moiety to C-2 to generate 2-Glucosyl-4-O-methyl gallic acid (2-Glucosyl-4-O-Me-GA). Bergenin production ultimately occurs in acidic conditions or via dehydration catalyzed by plant dehydratases following a ring-closure reaction. This study for the first time uncovered the biosynthetic pathway of bergenin, paving the way to rational production of bergenin in cell factories via synthetic biology strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi-Na Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiang-Shun Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bi-Huan Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kun-Yi Liu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Feng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Xiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuang-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying-Chun Lu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bing Hao
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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3
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Pang LW, Hamzah S, Tan SLJ, Mah SH, Yow HY. The Effects and Mechanisms of Xanthones in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3485-3511. [PMID: 37578655 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Xanthones are natural secondary metabolites that possess great potential as neuroprotective agents due to their prominent biological effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their underlying mechanisms in AD remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically review the effects and mechanisms of xanthones in cell culture and animal studies, gaining a better understanding of their roles in AD. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the Medline and Scopus databases using specific keywords to identify relevant articles published up to June 2023. After removing duplicates, all articles were imported into the Rayyan software. The article titles were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant full-text articles were assessed for biases using the OHAT tool. The results were presented in tables. Xanthones have shown various pharmacological effects towards AD from the 21 preclinical studies included. Cell culture studies demonstrated the anti-cholinesterase activity of xanthones, which protects against the loss of acetylcholine. Xanthones exhibited neuroprotective effects by promoting cell viability, reducing the accumulation of β-amyloid and tau aggregation. The administration of xanthones in animal models resulted in a reduction in neuronal inflammation by decreasing microglial and astrocyte burden. In terms of molecular mechanisms, xanthones prevented neuroinflammation through the modulation of signaling pathways, including TLR4/TAK1/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Mechanisms such as activation of caspase-3 and -9 and suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress were also reported. Despite the various neuroprotective effects associated with xanthones, there are limited studies reported on their underlying mechanisms in AD. Further studies are warranted to fully understand their potential roles in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharina Hamzah
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sui Ling Janet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Yin Yow
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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4
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Minniti G, Laurindo LF, Machado NM, Duarte LG, Guiguer EL, Araujo AC, Dias JA, Lamas CB, Nunes YC, Bechara MD, Baldi Júnior E, Gimenes FB, Barbalho SM. Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2270. [PMID: 38137871 PMCID: PMC10744517 DOI: 10.3390/life13122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango and its by-products have traditional medicinal uses. They contain diverse bioactive compounds offering numerous health benefits, including cardioprotective and metabolic properties. This study aimed to explore the impact of mango fruit and its by-products on human health, emphasizing its metabolic syndrome components. PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR were searched following PRISMA guidelines, and the COCHRANE handbook was utilized to assess bias risks. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown several benefits of mango and its by-products. For this systematic review, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. The collective findings indicated that the utilization of mango in various forms-ranging from fresh mango slices and mango puree to mango by-products, mango leaf extract, fruit powder, and mangiferin-yielded many favorable effects. These encompassed enhancements in glycemic control and improvements in plasma lipid profiles. Additionally, mango reduces food intake, elevates mood scores, augments physical performance during exercise, improves endothelial function, and decreases the incidence of respiratory tract infections. Utilizing mango by-products supports the demand for healthier products. This approach also aids in environmental conservation. Furthermore, the development of mango-derived nanomedicines aligns with sustainable goals and offers innovative solutions for healthcare challenges whilst being environmentally conscious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Nathalia Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Lidiane Gonsalves Duarte
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Jefferson Aparecido Dias
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Caroline Barbalho Lamas
- Department of Gerontology, School of Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Yandra Crevelin Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Dib Bechara
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Edgar Baldi Júnior
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Fabrício Bertoli Gimenes
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
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5
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Ruangsawasdi N, Boonnak N, Pruksaniyom C, Rodanant P. Xanthones Isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinensis Reduced Oxidative Stress in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14675. [PMID: 37834121 PMCID: PMC10573000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthone compounds from Cratoxylum cochinchinensis (C. cochinchinensis) have demonstrated antioxidant effects and potency in treating many inflammatory diseases. However, the efficiency of the three xanthone extracts isolated from the young fruit of this plant, i.e., two geranyloxy xanthones (F6, F8) and one 1,3,7-hydroxy xanthone (F137), as antioxidants and therapeutics for periodontal disease has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of three xanthones isolated from C. cochinchinensis on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and their osteogenic differentiation. The antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts was determined using a DPPH assay, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated using an MTT assay. H2O2 was used to induce intracellular stress, and the scavenging effect of the isolated compounds against reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed with a fluorescence assay. The expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was evaluated, and the effects of the three compounds on PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation were investigated. The isolated compounds reduced both extracellular and intracellular ROS in a dose-dependent manner and induced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in PDLSCs. Under redox conditions, these compounds potentiated PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. Our study demonstrated that the hydroxy xanthones from C. cochinchinensis had antioxidant effects on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and might be effective therapeutic substrates for damage prevention and the regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisarat Ruangsawasdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Nawong Boonnak
- Department of Basic Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Science and digital innovation, Thaksin University, Songkhla 90000, Thailand;
| | - Chareerut Pruksaniyom
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Pirasut Rodanant
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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6
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Abonia R, Insuasty D, Laali KK. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Propargyl Derivatives, and Their Application as Synthetic Intermediates and Building Blocks. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083379. [PMID: 37110613 PMCID: PMC10146578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The propargyl group is a highly versatile moiety whose introduction into small-molecule building blocks opens up new synthetic pathways for further elaboration. The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in both the synthesis of propargylation agents and their application in the synthesis and functionalization of more elaborate/complex building blocks and intermediates. The goal of this review is to highlight these exciting advances and to underscore their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali A.A. 25360, Colombia
| | - Daniel Insuasty
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biología, Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Kenneth K Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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7
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Kauffmann AC, Castro VS. Phenolic Compounds in Bacterial Inactivation: A Perspective from Brazil. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040645. [PMID: 37107007 PMCID: PMC10135396 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are natural substances that are produced through the secondary metabolism of plants, fungi, and bacteria, in addition to being produced by chemical synthesis. These compounds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, among others. In this way, Brazil represents one of the most promising countries regarding phenolic compounds since it has a heterogeneous flora, with the presence of six distinct biomes (Cerrado, Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Pantanal, and Pampa). Recently, several studies have pointed to an era of antimicrobial resistance due to the unrestricted and large-scale use of antibiotics, which led to the emergence of some survival mechanisms of bacteria to these compounds. Therefore, the use of natural substances with antimicrobial action can help combat these resistant pathogens and represent a natural alternative that may be useful in animal nutrition for direct application in food and can be used in human nutrition to promote health. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) evaluate the phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties isolated from plants present in Brazil, (ii) discuss the compounds across different classes (flavonoids, xanthones, coumarins, phenolic acids, and others), and (iii) address the structure-activity relationship of phenolic compounds that lead to antimicrobial action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinicius Silva Castro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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8
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Phukhatmuen P, Suthiphasilp V, Rujanapan N, Duangyod T, Maneerat T, Charoensup R, Laphookhieo S. Xanthones from the latex and twig extracts of Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex T. Anderson (Clusiaceae) and their antidiabetic and cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:702-712. [PMID: 35695129 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2086544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new geranylated xanthone, nigrolineaxanthone AA (1) together with 18 known compounds (2-19) were isolated from latex and twig extracts of Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex T. Anderson. Some of the isolated compounds were assessed for their antidiabetic activities and cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines. Of these, compounds 12 (IC50 value of 25.8 ± 0.2 µM), 16 (IC50 value of 124.8 ± 0.7 µM), and 17 (IC50 value of 44.4 ± 1.1 µM) exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory, α-amylase inhibitory, and glycation inhibition activities, respectively. Compound 11 showed glucose consumption and glucose uptake with IC50 values of 14.2 ± 0.8 µM and 3.1-fold. Compound 10 displayed cytotoxic activity against colon cancer (SW480) with an IC50 value of 4.3 ± 0.1 µM), while compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against leukemic cancer (K562) with IC50 value of 4.4 ± 0.3 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyaporn Phukhatmuen
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Narawadee Rujanapan
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Duangyod
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Tharakorn Maneerat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Medicinal Plant Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Charoensup
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Medicinal Plant Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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9
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Spaggiari C, Righetti L, Spadini C, Annunziato G, Nsanzurwimo A, Cabassi CS, Bruni R, Costantino G. Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivities of Leaves, Stems, and Flowers of Rumex usambarensis (Dammer) Dammer, a Traditional African Medicinal Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:482. [PMID: 36771567 PMCID: PMC9921730 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive identification of secondary metabolites represents a fundamental step for the assessment of bioactivities and pharmacological properties of traditional herbal drugs. Rumex usambarensis (Dammer) Dammer has been described as a multipurpose remedy in different African traditional pharmacopoeias, but its phytochemical profile has not been properly investigated. Herein we report a high throughput metabolomic screening, based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (UHPLC-TWINS-QTOF), which was performed for the first time on different R. usambarensis plant parts. By applying high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and chemometric analysis, a complete discrimination of different aerial parts was obtained, with the annotation of 153 significant metabolites in leaves, stems, and flowers, suggesting an easy authentication and discrimination route. Phytochemical data were correlated to antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Flavonoids, benzopyranes, chromones, and xanthones derivatives, along with a richer phytocomplex, might be responsible for the stronger bioactivities obtained from flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Spaggiari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Costanza Spadini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Renato Bruni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Swati K, Bhatt V, Sendri N, Bhatt P, Bhandari P. Swertia chirayita: A comprehensive review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, quality assessment and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115714. [PMID: 36113678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst. is a traditionally used, well-recognized medicinal plant of the family Gentianaceae with significant therapeutic potential. It has been traditionally used to cure various ailments such as fever, vomiting, jaundice, digestive disorders, heart diseases, diabetes, malaria, scorpion bite, and skin diseases. AIM OF REVIEW The present review emphasized the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, chemical profiling, and structural identification of isolated compounds by analytical and spectroscopic techniques. This review demonstrates the possibility of advanced ethnopharmacological research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature on S. chirayita was obtained from bibliographic databases like Web of Science, PubMed, Science-Direct, American Chemical Society (ACS), Google Scholar, and SciFinder. The compiled review is covered up until March 2022. RESULTS Approximately, 123 specialized metabolites including xanthones, seco-iridoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids have been isolated and characterized from S. chirayita. The extract and isolated compounds exhibited a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antimalarial, and antibacterial offering scientific evidence for traditional claims of this medicinal plant. In addition, various analytical methods using HPTLC, UPLC, HPLC, LC-MS, and GC-MS have also been documented to determine the phytochemicals of S. chirayita. CONCLUSION The current article provides information on traditional usage, phytochemistry, chemical profiling, structure elucidation, pharmacological efficacy, toxicity, and future prospects of S. chirayita. This plant has long been traditionally used in a variety of ways by indigenous people. Numerous phytoconstituents and several pharmacological activities have been reported in S. chirayita. However, there are still some scientific gaps such as identification of bioactive compounds, structure-activity relationship and mechanistic action of isolated bioactive compounds, development of effective analytical methods for comprehensive quality control, and safety profiles that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Km Swati
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vinod Bhatt
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Nitisha Sendri
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pooja Bhatt
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pamita Bhandari
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Djiobie Tchienou GE, Tsatsop Tsague RK, Dongmo Sokeng S, Ngassoum MB. Kinetic study in the extraction of xanthones from Securidaca longepedunculata roots by microwave-assisted-extraction. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Extraction of active compounds from plants using microwave can be utilized as an alternative solution for conventional extraction. To well understand this technology, the study of the modelization and kinetics mechanism of the extraction method is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the suitable kinetics models for MAE of the Xanthones from Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen roots.
Results
The experimental data (xanthones versus time, power and ratio, respectively) were fitted to three-parameter empirical kinetics models. The second-order models appear to be the best fit to explain kinetics study of MAE than the first model. The second-order model was acceptable, with elevated value of the correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9861), showing that it perfectly relates the process.
Conclusion
Based on the results obtained, the extraction of xanthones from roots of S. longepedunculata is done successively in two steps, washing and diffusion of compounds from matrices as described by second-order kinetics model. The latter could report the kinetics model of extraction process from S. longepedunculata Fresen using microwave technology.
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Lizazman MA, Karunakaran T, Jong VIYM. Trapezifolixanthone as a common constituent in the genus Calophyllum: An insight Review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Fernández S, Allegue D, Santamaría J, Ballesteros A. Diastereoselective and Synergistic Gold‐Catalyzed Bispropargylation of Xanthones and Thioxanthones: An Access to Xanthene Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Kalaimathi K, Rani JMJ, Vijayakumar S, Prakash N, Karthikeyan K, Thiyagarajan G, Bhavani K, Prabhu S, Varatharaju G. Anti-dengue Potential of Mangiferin: Intricate Network of Dengue to Human Genes. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022; 32:410-420. [PMID: 35572718 PMCID: PMC9078210 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-022-00258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever has become one of the deadliest infectious diseases and requires the development of effective antiviral therapies. It is caused by members of the Flaviviridae family, which also cause various infections in humans, including dengue fever, tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile fever, and yellow fever. In addition, since 2019, dengue-endemic regions have been grappling with the public health and socio-economic impact of the ongoing coronavirus disease 19. Co-infections of coronavirus and dengue fever cause serious health complications for people who also have difficulty managing them. To identify the potentials of mangiferin, a molecular docking with various dengue virus proteins was performed. In addition, to understand the gene interactions between human and dengue genes, Cytoscape was used in this research. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes software was used to find the paths of Flaviviridae. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and the Reactome Pathway Library were used to understand the biochemical processes involved. The present results show that mangiferin shows efficient docking scores and that it has good binding affinities with all docked proteins. The exact biological functions of type I interferon, such as interferon-α and interferon-β, were also shown in detail through the enrichment analysis of the signaling pathway. According to the docking results, it was concluded that mangiferin could be an effective drug against the complications of dengue virus 1, dengue virus 3, and non-structural protein 5. In addition, computational biological studies lead to the discovery of a new antiviral bioactive molecule and also to a deeper understanding of viral replication in the human body. Ultimately, the current research will be an important resource for those looking to use mangiferin as an anti-dengue drug.
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Veríssimo ACS, Pinto DCGA, Silva AMS. Marine-Derived Xanthone from 2010 to 2021: Isolation, Bioactivities and Total Synthesis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060347. [PMID: 35736150 PMCID: PMC9225453 DOI: 10.3390/md20060347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine life has proved to be an invaluable source of new compounds with significant bioactivities, such as xanthones. This review summarizes the advances made in the study of marine-derived xanthones from 2010 to 2021, from isolation towards synthesis, highlighting their biological activities. Most of these compounds were isolated from marine-derived fungi, found in marine sediments, and associated with other aquatic organisms (sponge and jellyfish). Once isolated, xanthones have been assessed for different bioactivities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic properties. In the latter case, promising results have been demonstrated. Considering the significant bioactivities showed by xanthones, efforts have been made to synthesize these compounds, like yicathins B and C and the secalonic acid D, through total synthesis.
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16
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de Sousa NF, Scotti L, de Moura ÉP, dos Santos Maia M, Soares Rodrigues GC, de Medeiros HIR, Lopes SM, Scotti MT. Computer Aided Drug Design Methodologies with Natural Products in the Drug Research Against Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:857-885. [PMID: 34636299 PMCID: PMC9881095 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211005145952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are compounds isolated from plants that provide a variety of lead structures for the development of new drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. The interest in these substances increases because of their beneficial effects on human health. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects occur in about 80% of individuals aged 65 years. AD, the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive neurodegenerative alterations, as decrease of cholinergic impulse, increased toxic effects caused by reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory process that the amyloid plaque participates. In silico studies is relevant in the process of drug discovery; through technological advances in the areas of structural characterization of molecules, computational science and molecular biology have contributed to the planning of new drugs used against neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the social impairment caused by an increased incidence of disease and that there is no chemotherapy treatment effective against AD; several compounds are studied. In the researches for effective neuroprotectants as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease, natural products have been extensively studied in various AD models. This study aims to carry out a literature review with articles that address the in silico studies of natural products aimed at potential drugs against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the period from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil;,Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil,Address correspondence to this author at the Health Sciences Center, Chemioinformatic Laboratory, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil; E-mail:
| | - Érika Paiva de Moura
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Mayara dos Santos Maia
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina Soares Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Herbert Igor Rodrigues de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Mendes Lopes
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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Pasdaran A, Butovska D, Kerr P, Naychov Z, Aneva I, Kozuharova E. Gentians, natural remedies for future of visceral pain control; an ethnopharmacological review with an in silico approach. Biol Futur 2022; 73:219-227. [PMID: 35318616 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different gentian preparations are used as traditional remedies for internal pain control in: Persian traditional medicine (PTM), Chinese traditional medicine (CTM) and Ancient Greek medicine (AGM) from the time of the Roman Empire. Objective: To present a survey of the ethnopharmacological applications of gentians recorded as being used in Eastern and Western traditional medical systems (PTM, CTM and AGM) and their pharmacological effects, chemical composition as well as an in silico investigation of the possible active component/s for the alleviation of internal pain via molecular docking studies. Major traditional medicine literature (PTM, CTM and AGM, 50 AD- 1770) and ethnobotanical studies for the application of gentians were reviewed. Nine European species representing 5 of the 13 sections currently attributed to Gentiana were selected. Chemical compounds and pharmacological activity data of these species were gathered from different databases including Google Scholar, PubChem, PubMed and Web of Science (between 1972 and 2020). The possible active constituents of gentians on visceral pain receptors were investigated, in silico. In all investigated literature, traditional uses of gentian were indicated to have anti-nociceptive effects on visceral pain and possess diuretic action. According to our computational study, acylated flavonoid glycosides, viz. trans-feruloyl-2"-isovitexin (33), trans-feruloyl-2"-isovitexin-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (34), iso-orientin-4'-O-glucoside (38), trans-caffeoyl-2"-iso-orientin-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (39), iso-orientin-2"-O-β-D-glucoside (40) and isoscoparin (41), might be responsible for visceral pain reduction by interacting with the purinergic receptor (P2X3) and vanilloid receptor 1 (TrpV1). This finding shows a good correlation with different traditional gentian uses in Persian, Chinese and European ethnomedicine for visceral pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | - Philip Kerr
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Graham Centre, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma St, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | | | - Ina Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, G. Bončev Str, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Kozuharova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1000, Bulgaria.
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18
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Ishaque M, Bibi Y, Masood S, Al Ayoubi S, Qayyum A, Nisa S, Ahmed W. Xanthone C-glycosides isomers purified from Dryopteris ramosa (Hope) C. Chr. with bactericidal and cytotoxic prospects. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1191-1196. [PMID: 35197786 PMCID: PMC8848010 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones C-glycosides are plants secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. Among the C-glycoside xanthones, the mangiferin (MF) is of widespread occurrence in plants while isomangiferin (IsoMF) is not very common. For the present study mangiferin (MF) and isomangiferin (IsoMF) were isolated from Dryopteris ramosa. The antibacterial potential of MF and IsoMF was evaluated by using agar well diffusion method while cytotoxic properties of MF and IsoMF were assessed by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The antibacterial potential of MF and IsoMF increases in dose dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) indicated strong antibacterial potential of MF against Salmonella setubal (125 µg/mL) and Bacillus subtilis (125 µg/mL) while MF showed weak antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli (500 µg/mL). On the other hand the IsoMF showed better antibacterial potential against all the tested strain including Escherichia coli (MIC = 250 µg/mL). The MF and IsoMF showed poor cytotoxicity towards Brine shrimp nauplii as indicated by their LD50 (969.77 ± 0.67 and 768.92 ± 0.81 µg/mL respectively). The present study has highlighted the antibacterial potential of MF and IsoMF. Further evaluation of these two isomeric compounds may prove to be the future remedies for various bacterial infections and other human ailments.
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19
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Jiwacharoenchai N, Saruengkhanphasit R, Niwetmarin W, Seetaha S, Choowongkomon K, Ruchirawat S, Eurtivong C. Discovery of potent antiproliferative agents from selected oxygen heterocycles as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors from the U.S. National Cancer Institute database by in silico screening and bioactivity evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 58:128524. [PMID: 34995690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A similarity search was conducted on the U.S. Enhanced National Cancer Institute Database Browser 2.2 to find structures related to 1,5-dihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one, a previously established EGFR-TK inhibitor. Compounds were virtually screened and selected for bioactivity testing revealed 5 candidates, mostly displayed stronger antiproliferative activities than erlotinib with IC50 values between 0.95 and 17.71 μM against overexpressed EGFR-TK cancer cell lines: A431 and HeLa. NSC107228 displayed the strongest antiproliferative effects with IC50 values of 2.84 and 0.95 μM against A431 and HeLa cancer cell lines, respectively. Three compounds, NSC81111, NSC381467 and NSC114126 inhibited EGFR-TK with IC50 values between 0.15 and 30.18 nM. NSC81111 was the best inhibitor with IC50 = 0.15 nM. Molecular docking analysis of the 3 compounds predicted hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with key residues were important for the bioactivities observed. Furthermore, calculations of the physicochemical properties suggest the compounds are drug-like and are potentially active orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattanan Jiwacharoenchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Genetic Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Rungroj Saruengkhanphasit
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Worawat Niwetmarin
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Seetaha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Commission on Higher Education (CHE), Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chatchakorn Eurtivong
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Commission on Higher Education (CHE), Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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20
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Haque S, Ekbbal R, Iqubal A, Ansari M, Ahmad S. Evaluation of cardioprotective potential of isolated swerchirin against the isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in wistar albino rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_500_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chi X, Zhang F, Gao Q, Xing R, Chen S. A Review on the Ethnomedicinal Usage, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Gentianeae (Gentianaceae) in Tibetan Medicine. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2383. [PMID: 34834747 PMCID: PMC8620629 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gentianaceae is a large plant family and is distributed worldwide. As the largest tribe in Gentianaceae, Gentianeae contains 939-968 species, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas are the main centers of diversity for Gentianeae. Species from the Gentianeae are widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine. In this review, a systematic and constructive overview of the information on botany, ethnomedicinal usage, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Gentianeae in Tibetan medicine is provided. The results of this study are based on a literature search, including electronic databases, books, websites, papers, and conference proceedings. Botanical studies showed that Gentianeae includes the subtribe Gentianeae and Swertiinae, and several new genera and taxa have been identified. Approximately 83 species from Gentianeae were used in Tibetan medicine, among which Gentiana and Swertia constituted the largest number of species with 42 and 24 species, respectively. The species from Gentianeae are mainly used as Bangjian (སྤང་རྒྱན།), Jieji (ཀྱི་ལྕེ།), Dida (ཏིག་ཏ།), and Ganggaqiong (གང་གྰཆུང་།) in Tibetan medicine with different clinical applications. More than 240 formulas were found containing Gentianeae species with different attending functions. Phytochemical studies showed that the main active components of Gentianeae species are iridoids, xanthones, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The bioactivities of plants from Gentianeae include hepatic protection, upper respiratory tract protection, joint and bone protection, glucose regulation, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral effects. This review will provide a reference for future research on natural resource protection, plant-based drug development, and further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chi
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (X.C.); (F.Z.); (Q.G.); (R.X.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining 810008, China
| | - Faqi Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (X.C.); (F.Z.); (Q.G.); (R.X.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining 810008, China
| | - Qingbo Gao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (X.C.); (F.Z.); (Q.G.); (R.X.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining 810008, China
| | - Rui Xing
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (X.C.); (F.Z.); (Q.G.); (R.X.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining 810008, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (X.C.); (F.Z.); (Q.G.); (R.X.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining 810008, China
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22
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Elsayed HE, Kamel RA, Ibrahim RR, Abdel-Razek AS, Shaaban MA, Frese M, Sewald N, Ebrahim HY, Moharram FA. Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial, and In Silico Studies of Secondary Metabolites From Aspergillus sp. Isolated From Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. Ex Kunth Leaves. Front Chem 2021; 9:760083. [PMID: 34722462 PMCID: PMC8548774 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.760083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are prolific producers of privileged secondary metabolites with diverse therapeutic potential, although their anticancer and antimicrobial potential still have a room for further investigation. Herein, seven known secondary metabolites namely, arugosin C (1), ergosterol (2), iso-emericellin (3), sterigmatocystin (4), dihydrosterigmatocystin (5), versicolorin B (6), and diorcinol (7) were isolated from the rice culture of Aspergillus sp. retrieved from Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth leaves. Their anticancer and antimicrobial activities were evaluated in MTT and agar well diffusion assays, respectively. The cytotoxicity results showed that metabolite 3 displayed the best viability inhibition on the MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 = 225.21 µM, while 5 on the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells with IC50 = 161.81 µM. 5 demonstrated a 60% apoptotic mode of cell death which is virtually correlated to its high docking affinity to Hsp90 ATP binding cleft (binding score −8.4 Kcal/mol). On the other side, metabolites 4 and 5 displayed promising antimicrobial activity especially on Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC = 125 μg/ml. The observed effect may be likely related to their excellent in silico inhibition of the bacterial DNA-gyrase kinase domain (binding score −10.28 Kcal/mol). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report the promising cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of metabolites 3, 4, and 5 which needs further investigation and renovation to therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba E Elsayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Reem A Kamel
- Mansheyat El-Bakry General Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham R Ibrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdel-Razek
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egyp
| | - Mohamed A Shaaban
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Division of Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marcel Frese
- Organic and Bio-organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bio-organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hassan Y Ebrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Moharram
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
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23
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Silva-Castro LF, Derbré S, Le Ray AM, Richomme P, García-Sosa K, Peña-Rodriguez LM. Using 13 C-NMR dereplication to aid in the identification of xanthones present in the stem bark extract of Calophyllum brasiliense. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:1102-1109. [PMID: 33938065 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Xanthones are metabolites with a variety of biological properties. The Clusiaceae family, which until recently included the genus Calophyllum, is recognised for its production of monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated xanthones. Presently, C. brasiliense is the only Calophyllum spp. known to occur in the Yucatan peninsula. OBJECTIVE To use a combination of traditional phytochemical methods and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13 C-NMR) dereplication analysis to identify xanthones in the stem bark of C. brasiliense. MATERIAL AND METHODS Initial fractionation and purification of the stem bark extract of C. brasiliense produced macluraxanthone (1). Additional xanthones, together with chromanones and terpenoids, were identified using 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis in different semipurified fractions obtained from the low and medium polarity fractions of the stem bark extract of C. brasiliense. RESULTS Initial identification of macluraxanthone (1) was confirmed by 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis; additionally, 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis allowed the identification of a number of monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated xanthones, together with chromanones and terpenoids. CONCLUSION This study confirms C. brasiliense as a rich source of xanthones and the 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis as a suitable method to quickly identify the presence of different families of secondary metabolites in semipurified fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Séverine Derbré
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Anne Marie Le Ray
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Karlina García-Sosa
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Zailan AAD, Karunakaran T, Abu Bakar MH, Mian VJY. The Malaysian genus Calophyllum (Calophyllaceae): a review on its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4575-4585. [PMID: 34636709 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1982936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Genus Calophyllum from the family of Calophyllaceae is an evergreen broad-leaved tree that is endemic to Southeast Asia, especially Malaysia. They have been reported for various ethnomedicinal uses in traditional medicine. Previous studies of Malaysian Calophyllum species revealed them to be a rich source of bioactive phytoconstituents such as xanthones, coumarins, terpenoids, and chromanone acids. To date, the extracts and compounds from Malaysian Calophyllum species have shown a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. For example, calanolide A, a coumarin isolated from Malaysian C. lanigerum, has now reached clinical development to become an anti-HIV drug. This article presents an overview of the significant phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Malaysian Calophyllum species to aid researchers in further discovery of potential benefits of various species of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiruventhan Karunakaran
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.,School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Vivien Jong Yi Mian
- Centre of Applied Science Studies, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Kuching, Malaysia
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25
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Sasaki N, Nemoto K, Nishizaki Y, Sugimoto N, Tasaki K, Watanabe A, Goto F, Higuchi A, Morgan E, Hikage T, Nishihara M. Identification and characterization of xanthone biosynthetic genes contributing to the vivid red coloration of red-flowered gentian. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1711-1723. [PMID: 34245606 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated Japanese gentians traditionally produce vivid blue flowers because of the accumulation of delphinidin-based polyacylated anthocyanins. However, recent breeding programs developed several red-flowered cultivars, but the underlying mechanism for this red coloration was unknown. Thus, we characterized the pigments responsible for the red coloration in these cultivars. A high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, including flavones and xanthones, as well as the accumulation of colored cyanidin-based anthocyanins. The chemical structures of two xanthone compounds contributing to the coloration of red-flowered gentian petals were determined by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The compounds were identified as norathyriol 6-O-glucoside (i.e., tripteroside designated as Xt1) and a previously unreported norathyriol-6-O-(6'-O-malonyl)-glucoside (designated Xt2). The copigmentation effects of these compounds on cyanidin 3-O-glucoside were detected in vitro. Additionally, an RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify the cDNAs encoding the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these xanthones. Recombinant proteins encoded by the candidate genes were produced in a wheat germ cell-free protein expression system and assayed. We determined that a UDP-glucose-dependent glucosyltransferase (StrGT9) catalyzes the transfer of a glucose moiety to norathyriol, a xanthone aglycone, to produce Xt1, which is converted to Xt2 by a malonyltransferase (StrAT2). An analysis of the progeny lines suggested that the accumulation of Xt2 contributes to the vivid red coloration of gentian flowers. Our data indicate that StrGT9 and StrAT2 help mediate xanthone biosynthesis and contribute to the coloration of red-flowered gentians via copigmentation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Sasaki
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Keiichirou Nemoto
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Yuzo Nishizaki
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tasaki
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Aiko Watanabe
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Fumina Goto
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Atsumi Higuchi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Ed Morgan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Takashi Hikage
- Hachimantai City Floricultural Research and Development Center, Kamasuda 70, Hachimantai, Iwate, 028-7533, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishihara
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
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26
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Uchida K, Akashi T, Hirai MY. Identification and characterization of glycosyltransferases catalyzing direct xanthone 4-C-glycosylation in Hypericum perforatum. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2608-2615. [PMID: 34390592 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones are compounds with a diphenyl ether skeleton mainly found in plants and often glycosylated at carbon atoms. Although many C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs) participating in flavone C-glycosylation have been identified, MiCGT from Mangifera indica, adding sugar to an open-chain benzophenone skeleton, is the only identified xanthone biosynthesis-related CGT. Here, we identified two CGTs from Hypericum perforatum that add sugar to the closed-ring xanthone, but not benzophenone. These CGTs catalyze sugar transfer to the C-4 position of norathyriol (1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) to form isomangiferin (1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone 4-C-glucoside), a major xanthone C-glucoside. This is the first study to report CGTs that mediate the direct C-glycosylation of xanthone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Uchida
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Akashi
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Masami Yokota Hirai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
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27
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Elsaman T, Mohamed MS, Eltayib EM, Abdalla AE, Mohamed MA. Xanthone: A Promising Antimycobacterial Scaffold. Med Chem 2021; 17:310-331. [PMID: 32560609 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200619114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality and still remains one of the top-ten leading causes of human death in the world. The development of new anti-TB drugs is mandatory due to the existence of latent infection as well as the expansion of the resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains. Xanthones encompass a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive compounds, obtained either naturally or through chemical synthesis. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the antitubercular activity of xanthone derivatives. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to highlight the main natural sources along with the critical design elements, structure-activity relationships (SARs), modes of action and pharmacokinetic profiles of xanthone-based anti-TB compounds. METHODS In the present review, the anti-TB activity of xanthones reported in the literature from 1972 to date is presented and discussed. RESULTS Exploration of xanthone scaffold led to the identification of several members of this class having superior activity against both sensitive and resistant MBT strains with distinctive mycobacterial membrane disrupting properties. However, studies regarding their modes of action, pharmacokinetic properties and safety are limited. CONCLUSION Comprehendible data and information are afforded by this review and it would certainly provide scientists with new thoughts and means which will be conducive to design and develop new drugs with excellent anti-TB activity through exploration of xanthone scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilal Elsaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Suliman Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyman Mohamed Eltayib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Wu HC, Chen YF, Cheng MJ, Wu MD, Chen YL, Chang HS. Investigations into Chemical Components from Monascus purpureus with Photoprotective and Anti-Melanogenic Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:619. [PMID: 34436158 PMCID: PMC8396976 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monascus species are asexually or sexually reproduced homothallic fungi that can produce a red colorant, specifically the so-called red yeast rice or Anka, which is used as a food ingredient in Asia. Traditional experiences of using Monascus for treating indigestion, enhancing blood circulation, and health remedies motivate us to investigate and repurpose Monascus-fermented products. Here, two new 5H-cyclopenta[c]pyridine type azaphilones, 5S,6S-monaspurpyridine A (1) and 5R,6R-monaspurpyridine A (2), two new xanthonoids, monasxanthones A and B (3 and 4), one new naphthalenone, monasnaphthalenone (5), and one new azaphilone, monapurpurin (6), along with two known compounds were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of a citrinin-free domesticated strain M. purpureus BCRC 38110. The phytochemical properties of the xanthonoid and naphthalenone components were first identified from Monascus sp. differently from the representative ingredients of polyketide-derived azaphilones. UVB-induced cell viability loss and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in human keratinocytes were attenuated by monascuspirolide B (7) and ergosterol peroxide (8), indicating their photoprotective potentials. Ergosterol peroxide (8) decreased the melanin contents and tyrosinase activities of mouse melanocytes, depending on the concentration, suggesting their anti-melanogenic effects. In conclusion, six new and two known compounds were isolated from M. purpureus BCRC 38110, and two of them exhibited dermal protective activities. The results revealed the novel potential of M. purpureus for developing natural cosmeceutics against skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.W.); (Y.-F.C.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.W.); (Y.-F.C.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute (FIRDI), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (M.-J.C.); (M.-D.W.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Ming-Der Wu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute (FIRDI), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (M.-J.C.); (M.-D.W.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute (FIRDI), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (M.-J.C.); (M.-D.W.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Hsun-Shuo Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.W.); (Y.-F.C.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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29
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Kalli S, Araya-Cloutier C, Hageman J, Vincken JP. Insights into the molecular properties underlying antibacterial activity of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against MRSA. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14180. [PMID: 34244528 PMCID: PMC8270993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High resistance towards traditional antibiotics has urged the development of new, natural therapeutics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Prenylated (iso)flavonoids, present mainly in the Fabaceae, can serve as promising candidates. Herein, the anti-MRSA properties of 23 prenylated (iso)flavonoids were assessed in-vitro. The di-prenylated (iso)flavonoids, glabrol (flavanone) and 6,8-diprenyl genistein (isoflavone), together with the mono-prenylated, 4'-O-methyl glabridin (isoflavan), were the most active anti-MRSA compounds (Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) ≤ 10 µg/mL, 30 µM). The in-house activity data was complemented with literature data to yield an extended, curated dataset of 67 molecules for the development of robust in-silico prediction models. A QSAR model having a good fit (R2adj 0.61), low average prediction errors and a good predictive power (Q2) for the training (4% and Q2LOO 0.57, respectively) and the test set (5% and Q2test 0.75, respectively) was obtained. Furthermore, the model predicted well the activity of an external validation set (on average 5% prediction errors), as well as the level of activity (low, moderate, high) of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against other Gram-positive bacteria. For the first time, the importance of formal charge, besides hydrophobic volume and hydrogen-bonding, in the anti-MRSA activity was highlighted, thereby suggesting potentially different modes of action of the different prenylated (iso)flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kalli
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Araya-Cloutier
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Hageman
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Biometris, Applied Statistics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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30
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The Genus Cladosporium: A Rich Source of Diverse and Bioactive Natural Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133959. [PMID: 34203561 PMCID: PMC8271404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi are renowned as one of the most fruitful sources of chemodiversity and for their ubiquitous occurrence. Among the many taxonomic groupings considered for the implications deriving from their biosynthetic aptitudes, the genus Cladosporium stands out as one of the most common in indoor environments. A better understanding of the impact of these fungi on human health and activities is clearly based on the improvement of our knowledge of the structural aspects and biological properties of their secondary metabolites, which are reviewed in the present paper.
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31
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Ndongo TM, Passos MLC, Durães F, Resende DISP, Pinto M, Sousa E, Saraiva MLMFS. Microsequential injection analysis/lab-on-valve system for the automatic evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100150. [PMID: 34105191 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A miniaturized microsequential injection/lab-on-valve (µSIA-LOV) system was developed and shown to be a useful alternative to perform inhibitory studies on acetylcholinesterase. These studies are essential for the evaluation of the potential therapeutic effect of drugs commonly used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine were tested, in addition to compounds based on the xanthone scaffold. Four of these xanthone derivatives were identified as having EC50 values between 676 and 4466 µmol/l, showing a potential inhibitory effect higher than the clinical agent rivastigmine. The developed automatic system added advantages of reduction of reagents and sample consumption (around 55 µl per analysis), lower cost per analysis, and the generation of less waste (around 1.2 ml per analysis). The µSIA-LOV system is also a robust, rapid, reliable, and simple system to use. Docking studies suggested a possible mode of interaction with the target acetylcholinesterase protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierno Moussa Ndongo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Porto, Portugal.,Faculté des sciences et techniques, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France
| | - Marieta L C Passos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Durães
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Diana I S P Resende
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
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32
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Comparative Genomics Used to Predict Virulence Factors and Metabolic Genes among Monilinia Species. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060464. [PMID: 34201288 PMCID: PMC8228255 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown rot, caused by Monilinia spp., is among the most important diseases in stone fruits, and some pome fruits (mainly apples). This disease is responsible for significant yield losses, particularly in stone fruits, when weather conditions favorable for disease development appear. To achieve future sustainable strategies to control brown rot on fruit, one potential approach will be to characterize genomic variation among Monilinia spp. to define, among others, the capacity to infect fruit in this genus. In the present work, we performed genomic and phylogenomic comparisons of five Monilinia species and inferred differences in numbers of secreted proteins, including CAZy proteins and other proteins important for virulence. Duplications specific to Monilinia were sparse and, overall, more genes have been lost than gained. Among Monilinia spp., low variability in the CAZome was observed. Interestingly, we identified several secondary metabolism clusters based on similarity to known clusters, and among them was a cluster with homology to pyriculol that could be responsible for the synthesis of chloromonilicin. Furthermore, we compared sequences of all strains available from NCBI of these species to assess their MAT loci and heterokaryon compatibility systems. Our comparative analyses provide the basis for future studies into understanding how these genomic differences underlie common or differential abilities to interact with the host plant.
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33
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John OD, du Preez R, Panchal SK, Brown L. Tropical foods as functional foods for metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2021; 11:6946-6960. [PMID: 32692322 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tropical foods are an integral part of the traditional diet and form part of traditional medicine in many countries. This review examines the potential of tropical foods to treat signs of metabolic syndrome, defined as a chronic low-grade inflammation leading to obesity, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and fatty liver. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disease as well as osteoarthritis and some cancers. Tropical foods such as seaweeds and tropical fruits including indigenous fruits such as Davidson's plums are effective in reducing these signs of metabolic syndrome in rats, as well as reducing degeneration of bone cartilage and altering gut microbiome. Further, waste products from tropical fruits including mangosteen rind, coffee pulp and spent coffee grounds provide further options to reduce metabolic syndrome. Production of local tropical foods and local recovery of food waste from these foods could allow the development of commercial, sustainable and cost-effective functional foods in tropical countries. The aim is to develop these functional foods to reduce the incidence of metabolic syndrome and decrease the risk of costly chronic cardiovascular and metabolic disorders locally and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D John
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
| | - Ryan du Preez
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia. and School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Sunil K Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia. and School of Science, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia. and School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
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34
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Pearce KC, Fuentes RG, Calderon S, Marolikar R, Kingston DGI, Crawford TD. Structure Elucidation and Confirmation of Phloroglucinols from the Roots of Garcinia dauphinensis by Comparison of Experimental and Calculated ECD Spectra and Specific Rotations. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1163-1174. [PMID: 33823109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eight phloroglucinols from Garcinia dauphinensis were recently reported to have good to moderate antiplasmodial and anticancer activities, consistent with other phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from natural sources. Chiroptical properties were previously calculated and compared to experimental data for compound 2 as a means to deduce its absolute configuration. Tentative assignments for the remaining compounds were also reported based on these data. In order to arrive at stereochemical assignments for phloroglucinols 1 and 3-8, ECD spectra and specific rotations were computed for all stereoisomers of each compound. Molecular orbital analyses were also carried out for the most energetically favorable conformers of each compound. Absolute configurations are reported for all eight phloroglucinols for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk C Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Rolly G Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College, 6500 Tacloban City, Philippines
| | - Susana Calderon
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Rageshwari Marolikar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - T Daniel Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Molecular Sciences Software Institute, 1880 Pratt Drive, Suite 1100, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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Silva V, Gil-Martins E, Silva B, Rocha-Pereira C, Sousa ME, Remião F, Silva R. Xanthones as P-glycoprotein modulators and their impact on drug bioavailability. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:441-482. [PMID: 33283552 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1861247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an important efflux pump responsible for the extruding of many endogenous and exogenous substances out of the cells. P-gp can be modulated by different molecules - including xanthone derivatives - to surpass the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon through P-gp inhibition, or to serve as an antidotal strategy in intoxication scenarios through P-gp induction/activation.Areas covered: This review provides a perspective on P-gp modulators, with particular focus on xanthonic derivatives, highlighting their ability to modulate P-gp expression and/or activity, and the potential impact of these effects on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of P-gp substrates.Expert opinion: Xanthones, of natural or synthetic origin, are able to modulate P-gp, interfering with its protein synthesis or with its mechanism of action, by decreasing or increasing its efflux capacity. These modulatory effects make the xanthonic scaffold a promising source of new derivatives with therapeutic potential. However, the mechanisms beyond the xanthones-mediated P-gp modulation and the chemical characteristics that make them more potent P-gp inhibitors or inducers/activators are still understudied. Furthermore, a new window of opportunity exists in the neuropathologies field, where xanthonic derivatives with potential to modulate P-gp should be further explored to optimize the prevention/treatment of brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Gil-Martins
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Rocha-Pereira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Hasanah U, Miki K, Nitoda T, Kanzaki H. Aerobic bioconversion of C-glycoside mangiferin into its aglycone norathyriol by an isolated mouse intestinal bacterium. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:989-997. [PMID: 33710320 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Norathyriol is an aglycone of a xanthonoid C-glycoside mangiferin that possesses different bioactive properties useful for humans compared to mangiferin. Mangiferin is more readily available in nature than norathyriol; thus, efficient mangiferin conversion into norathyriol is desirable. There are a few reports regarding mangiferin C-deglycosylation because of the C-C bond resistance toward acid, alkaline, and enzyme hydrolysis. In this study, we isolated a mangiferin-deglycosylating bacterium strain KM7-1 from the mouse intestine. 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that KM7-1 belongs to the Bacillus genus. Compared to the taxonomically similar bacteria, the growth characteristic of facultative anaerobic and thermophilic resembled, yet only Bacillus sp. KM7-1 was able to convert mangiferin into norathyriol. Resting cells of Bacillus sp. KM7-1 obtained from aerobic cultivation at 50 °C showed high norathyriol formation from 1 m m of mangiferin. Norathyriol formation can be conducted either under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, and the reaction depended on time and bacterial amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswatun Hasanah
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kasumi Miki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Nitoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Liang Y, D. Barve B, Kuo Y, Fang H, Kuo T, Li W. Metal‐Free, DBU‐Mediated, Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Benzo[
c
]xanthones by Tandem Reactions of Alkynyl‐1,3‐diketones. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐En Liang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 11221 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Balaji D. Barve
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 11221 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yao‐Haur Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 11221 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Hsu‐Wei Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei 10608 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ting‐Shen Kuo
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 10610 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Wen‐Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 11221 Taiwan R.O.C
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From Natural Products to New Synthetic Small Molecules: A Journey through the World of Xanthones. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020431. [PMID: 33467544 PMCID: PMC7829950 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reviews the contributions of the corresponding author (M.M.M.P.) and her research group to Medicinal Chemistry concerning the isolation from plant and marine sources of xanthone derivatives as well as their synthesis, biological/pharmacological activities, formulation and analytical applications. Although her group activity has been spread over several chemical families with relevance in Medicinal Chemistry, the main focus of the investigation and research has been in the xanthone family. Xanthone derivatives have a variety of activities with great potential for therapeutic applications due to their versatile framework. The group has contributed with several libraries of xanthones derivatives, with a variety of activities such as antitumor, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and multidrug resistance reversal effects. Besides therapeutic applications, our group has also developed xanthone derivatives with analytical applications as chiral selectors for liquid chromatography and for maritime application as antifouling agents for marine paints. Chemically, it has been challenging to afford green chemistry methods and achieve enantiomeric purity of chiral derivatives. In this review, the structures of the most significant compounds will be presented.
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Bisht R, Bhattacharyya A, Shrivastava A, Saxena P. An Overview of the Medicinally Important Plant Type III PKS Derived Polyketides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:746908. [PMID: 34721474 PMCID: PMC8551677 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce interesting secondary metabolites that are a valuable source of both medicines for human use, along with significant advantages for the manufacturer species. The active compounds which lead to these instrumental effects are generally secondary metabolites produced during various plant growth phases, which provide the host survival advantages while affecting human health inadvertently. Different chemical classes of secondary metabolites are biosynthesized by the plant type III polyketide synthases (PKSs). They are simple homodimeric proteins with the unique mechanistic potential to produce a broad array of secondary metabolites by utilizing simpler starter and extender units. These PKS derived products are majorly the precursors of some important secondary metabolite pathways leading to products such as flavonoids, stilbenes, benzalacetones, chromones, acridones, xanthones, cannabinoids, aliphatic waxes, alkaloids, anthrones, and pyrones. These secondary metabolites have various pharmaceutical, medicinal and industrial applications which make biosynthesizing type III PKSs an important tool for bioengineering purposes. Because of their structural simplicity and ease of manipulation, these enzymes have garnered interest in recent years due to their application in the generation of unnatural natural polyketides and modified products in the search for newer drugs for a variety of health problems. The following review covers the biosynthesis of a variety of type III PKS-derived secondary metabolites, their biological relevance, the associated enzymes, and recent research.
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Therapeutic potential of mangiferin in the treatment of various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 2020; 143:104939. [PMID: 33346032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones are important chemical class of bioactive products that confers therapeutic benefits. Of several xanthones, mangiferin is known to be distributed widely across several fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. Mangiferin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in both in-vitro and in-vivo models. Mangiferin attenuates cerebral infarction, cerebral edema, lipid peroxidation (MDA), neuronal damage, etc. Mangiferin further potentiate levels of endogenous antioxidants to confer protection against the oxidative stress inside the neurons. Mangiferin is involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways that influences the production and levels of proinflammatory cytokines in brain. Mangiferin cosunteracted the neurotoxic effect of amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA etc and confer protection to neurons. These evidence suggested that the mangiferin may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various neurological disorders. The present review demonstrated the pharmacodynamics-pharmacokinetics of mangiferin and neurotherapeutic potential in several neurological disorders with underlying mechanisms.
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Manessis G, Kalogianni AI, Lazou T, Moschovas M, Bossis I, Gelasakis AI. Plant-Derived Natural Antioxidants in Meat and Meat Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1215. [PMID: 33276503 PMCID: PMC7761563 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The global meat industry is constantly evolving due to changes in consumer preferences, concerns and lifestyles, as well as monetary, geographical, political, cultural and religious factors. Part of this evolution is the introduction of synthetic antioxidants to increase meat and meat products' shelf-life, and reduce meat spoilage due to lipid and protein oxidation. The public perception that natural compounds are safer and healthier per se has motivated the meat industry to replace synthetic antioxidants with plant-derived ones in meat systems. Despite several promising results from in vitro and in situ studies, the effectiveness of plant-derived antioxidants against lipid and protein oxidation has not been fully documented. Moreover, the utility, usability, marketability and potential health benefits of natural antioxidants are not yet fully proven. The present review aims to (i) describe the major chemical groups of plant-derived antioxidants and their courses of action; (ii) present the application of spices, herbs and fruits as antioxidants in meat systems; and (iii) discuss the legislative framework, future trends, challenges and limitations that are expected to shape their acceptance and mass exploitation by the meat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Manessis
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (A.I.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Aphrodite I. Kalogianni
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (A.I.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Thomai Lazou
- Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin-Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Marios Moschovas
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (A.I.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Ioannis Bossis
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Athanasios I. Gelasakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (A.I.K.); (M.M.)
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Vitale GA, Coppola D, Palma Esposito F, Buonocore C, Ausuri J, Tortorella E, de Pascale D. Antioxidant Molecules from Marine Fungi: Methodologies and Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1183. [PMID: 33256101 PMCID: PMC7760651 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment represents a prosperous existing resource for bioprospecting, covering 70% of the planet earth, and hosting a huge biodiversity. Advances in the research are progressively uncovering the presence of unknown microorganisms, which have evolved unique metabolic and genetic pathways for the production of uncommon secondary metabolites. Fungi have a leading role in marine bioprospecting since they represent a prolific source of structurally diverse bioactive metabolites. Several bioactive compounds from marine fungi have already been characterized including antibiotics, anticancer, antioxidants and antivirals. Nowadays, the search for natural antioxidant molecules capable of replacing those synthetic currently used, is an aspect that is receiving significant attention. Antioxidants can inactivate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, preventing the insurgence of several degenerative diseases including cancer, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, they also find applications in different fields, including food preservation, healthcare and cosmetics. This review focuses on the production of antioxidants from marine fungi. We begin by proposing a survey of the available tools suitable for the evaluation of antioxidants, followed by the description of various classes of marine fungi antioxidants together with their extraction strategies. In addition, a view of the future perspectives and trends of these natural products within the "blue economy" is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Andrea Vitale
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.V.); (C.B.); (J.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Daniela Coppola
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (F.P.E.)
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Palma Esposito
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (F.P.E.)
| | - Carmine Buonocore
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.V.); (C.B.); (J.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Janardhan Ausuri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.V.); (C.B.); (J.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Emiliana Tortorella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.V.); (C.B.); (J.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.V.); (C.B.); (J.A.); (E.T.)
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (F.P.E.)
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Masuelli L, Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Ciuffa S, Fazi S, Bei A, Miele MT, Piredda L, Manzari V, Modesti A, Bei R. Targeting the tumor immune microenvironment with "nutraceuticals": From bench to clinical trials. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107700. [PMID: 33045254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of immune effector cells in the tissue microenvironment during neoplastic progression is critical in determining tumor growth outcomes. On the other hand, tumors may also avoid immune system-mediated elimination by recruiting immunosuppressive leukocytes and soluble factors, which coordinate a tumor microenvironment that counteracts the efficiency of the antitumor immune response. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy results have indicated a way forward via activation of the immune system against cancer. Widespread evidence has shown that different compounds in foods, when administered as purified substances, can act as immunomodulators in humans and animals. Although there is no universally accepted definition of nutraceuticals, the term identifies a wide category of natural compounds that may impact health and disease statuses and includes purified substances from natural sources, plant extracts, dietary supplements, vitamins, phytonutrients, and various products with combinations of functional ingredients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory effects of nutraceuticals with a special focus on the cancer microenvironment, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of nutraceuticals for envisioning future therapies employing nutraceuticals as chemoadjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Bei
- Medical School, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Martino Tony Miele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Piredda
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; CIMER, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Benvenuto M, Albonici L, Focaccetti C, Ciuffa S, Fazi S, Cifaldi L, Miele MT, De Maio F, Tresoldi I, Manzari V, Modesti A, Masuelli L, Bei R. Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6635. [PMID: 32927836 PMCID: PMC7555128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cellular transformation is the altered mechanism of cell death. There are three main types of cell death, characterized by different morphological and biochemical features, namely apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II) and necrosis (type III). Autophagy, or self-eating, is a tightly regulated process involved in stress responses, and it is a lysosomal degradation process. The role of autophagy in cancer is controversial and has been associated with both the induction and the inhibition of tumor growth. Autophagy can exert tumor suppression through the degradation of oncogenic proteins, suppression of inflammation, chronic tissue damage and ultimately by preventing mutations and genetic instability. On the other hand, tumor cells activate autophagy for survival in cellular stress conditions. Thus, autophagy modulation could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Several studies have shown that polyphenols, natural compounds found in foods and beverages of plant origin, can efficiently modulate autophagy in several types of cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of polyphenols on autophagy, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of polyphenols for envisioning future therapies employing polyphenols as chemoadjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benvenuto
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Loredana Albonici
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Martino Tony Miele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fernando De Maio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilaria Tresoldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (C.F.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (F.D.M.); (I.T.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
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Khaw KY, Kumar P, Yusof SR, Ramanathan S, Murugaiyah V. Probing simple structural modification of α-mangostin on its cholinesterase inhibition and cytotoxicity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000156. [PMID: 32716578 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
α-Mangostin has been reported to possess a broad range of pharmacological effects including potent cholinesterase inhibition, but the development of α-mangostin as a potential lead compound is impeded by its toxicity. The present study investigated the impact of simple structural modification of α-mangostin on its cholinesterase inhibitory activities and toxicity toward neuroblastoma and liver cancer cells. The dialkylated derivatives retained good acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities with IC50 values between 4.15 and 6.73 µM, but not butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities, compared with α-mangostin, a dual inhibitor (IC50 : AChE, 2.48 µM; BChE, 5.87 µM). Dialkylation of α-mangostin produced AChE selective inhibitors that formed hydrophobic interactions at the active site of AChE. Interestingly, all four dialkylated derivatives of α-mangostin showed much lower cytotoxicity, being 6.4- to 9.0-fold and 3.8- to 5.5-fold less toxic than their parent compound on neuroblastoma and liver cancer cells, respectively. Likewise, their selectivity index was higher by 1.9- to 4.4-fold; in particular, A2 and A4 showed improved selectivity index compared with α-mangostin. Taken together, modification of the hydroxyl groups of α-mangostin at positions C-3 and C-6 greatly influenced its BChE inhibitory and cytotoxic but not its AChE inhibitory activities. These dialkylated derivatives are viable candidates for further structural modification and refinement, worthy in the search of new AChE inhibitors with higher safety margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kooi-Yeong Khaw
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Penang, Malaysia.,School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Kaur P, Gupta RC, Dey A, Malik T, Pandey DK. Optimization of salicylic acid and chitosan treatment for bitter secoiridoid and xanthone glycosides production in shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata using response surface methodology and artificial neural network. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:225. [PMID: 32429895 PMCID: PMC7238632 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was used to construct the predicted models of linear, quadratic and interactive effects of two independent variables viz. salicylic acid (SA) and chitosan (CS) for the production of amarogentin (I), swertiamarin (II) and mangiferin (III) from shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata Wall. These compounds are the major therapeutic metabolites in the Swertia plant, which have significant role and demand in the pharmaceutical industries. RESULTS Present study highlighted that different concentrations of SA and CS elicitors substantially influenced the % yield of (I), (II) and (III) compounds in the shoot culture established on modified ½ MS medium (supplemented with 2.22 mM each of BA and KN and 2.54 mM NAA). In RSM, different response variables with linear, quadratic and 2 way interaction model were computed with five-factor-three level full factorial CCD. In ANN modelling, 13 runs of CCD matrix was divided into 3 subsets, with approximate 8:1:1 ratios to train, validate and test. The optimal enhancement of (I) (0.435%), (II) (4.987%) and (III) (4.357%) production was achieved in 14 days treatment in shoot cultures of S. paniculata elicited by 9 mM and 12 mg L- 1 concentrations (SA) and (CS). CONCLUSIONS In optimization study, (I) show 0.170-0.435%; (II) display 1.020-4.987% and (III) upto 2.550-4.357% disparity with varied range of SA (1-20 mM) and CS (1-20 mg L- 1). Overall, optimization of elicitors to promote secoiridoid and xanthone glycoside production with ANN modeling (r2 = 100%) offered more significant results as compared to RSM (r2 = 99.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - R C Gupta
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
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Alburae NA, Mohammed AE, Alorfi HS, Turki AJ, Asfour HZ, Alarif WM, Abdel-Lateff A. Nidulantes of Aspergillus (Formerly Emericella): A Treasure Trove of Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities. Metabolites 2020; 10:E73. [PMID: 32079311 PMCID: PMC7073611 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Emericella (Ascomycota) includes more than thirty species with worldwide distribution across many ecosystems. It is considered a rich source of diverse metabolites. The published classes of natural compounds that are discussed here are organized according to the following biosynthetic pathways: polyketides (azaphilones, cyclopentenone pigments, dicyanides, furan derivatives, phenolic ethers, and xanthones and anthraquinones); shikimate derivatives (bicoumarins); mevalonate derivatives (meroterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sesterterpenes and steroids) and amino acids derivatives (alkaloids (indole-derivatives, isoindolones, and piperazine) and peptides (depsipeptides)). These metabolites produce the wide array of biological effects associated with Emericella, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimalarial, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and kinase inhibitors. Careful and extensive study of the diversity and distribution of metabolites produced by the genus Emericella (either marine or terrestrial) revealed that, no matter the source of the fungus, the composition of the culture medium effectively controls the metabolites produced. The topic of this review is the diversity of metabolites that have been identified from Emericella, along with the contextual information on either their biological or geographic sources. This review presents 236 natural compounds, which were reported from marine and terrestrial Emericella. Amongst the reported compounds, only 70.2% were biologically assayed for their effects, including antimicrobial or cytotoxicity. This implies the need for substantial investigation of alternative activities. This review includes a full discussion of compound structures and disease management, based on materials published from 1982 through December 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Ali Alburae
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afrah E. Mohammed
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hajer Saeed Alorfi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adnan Jaman Turki
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hani Zakaria Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walied Mohamed Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Khattab AR, Farag MA. Current status and perspectives of xanthones production using cultured plant biocatalyst models aided by in-silico tools for its optimization. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:415-431. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1721426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amira R. Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
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Bioactivities of Centaurium erythraea (Gentianaceae) Decoctions: Antioxidant Activity, Enzyme Inhibition and Docking Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203795. [PMID: 31652501 PMCID: PMC6832739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Centaurium erythraea is recommended for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and to reduce hypercholesterolemia in ethno-medicinal practice. To perform a top-down study that could give some insight into the molecular basis of these bioactivities, decoctions from C. erythraea leaves were prepared and the compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Secoiridoids glycosides, like gentiopicroside and sweroside, and several xanthones, such as di-hydroxy-dimethoxyxanthone, were identified. Following some of the bioactivities previously ascribed to C. erythraea, we have studied its antioxidant capacity and the ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR). Significant antioxidant activities were observed, following three assays: free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction; lipoperoxidation; and NO radical scavenging capacity. The AChE and HMGR inhibitory activities for the decoction were also measured (56% at 500 μg/mL and 48% at 10 μg/mL, respectively). Molecular docking studies indicated that xanthones are better AChE inhibitors than gentiopicroside, while this compound exhibits a better shape complementarity with the HMGR active site than xanthones. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first report on AChE and HMGR activities by C. erythraea decoctions, in a top-down analysis, complemented with in silico molecular docking, which aims to understand, at the molecular level, some of the biological effects ascribed to infusions from this plant.
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Maldonado-Celis ME, Yahia EM, Bedoya R, Landázuri P, Loango N, Aguillón J, Restrepo B, Guerrero Ospina JC. Chemical Composition of Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) Fruit: Nutritional and Phytochemical Compounds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1073. [PMID: 31681339 PMCID: PMC6807195 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mango fruit has a high nutritional value and health benefits due to important components. The present manuscript is a comprehensive update on the composition of mango fruit, including nutritional and phytochemical compounds, and the changes of these during development and postharvest. Mango components can be grouped into macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, lipids, fatty, and organic acids), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and phytochemicals (phenolic, polyphenol, pigments, and volatile constituents). Mango fruit also contains structural carbohydrates such as pectins and cellulose. The major amino acids include lysine, leucine, cysteine, valine, arginine, phenylalanine, and methionine. The lipid composition increases during ripening, particularly the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The most important pigments of mango fruit include chlorophylls (a and b) and carotenoids. The most important organic acids include malic and citric acids, and they confer the fruit acidity. The volatile constituents are a heterogeneous group with different chemical functions that contribute to the aromatic profile of the fruit. During development and maturity stages occur important biochemical, physiological, and structural changes affecting mainly the nutritional and phytochemical composition, producing softening, and modifying aroma, flavor, and antioxidant capacity. In addition, postharvest handling practices influence total content of carotenoids, phenolic compounds, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity, and organoleptic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elhadi M. Yahia
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ramiro Bedoya
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Patricia Landázuri
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Nelsy Loango
- Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Tecnologías, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Johanny Aguillón
- Escuela Normal Superior del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Beatriz Restrepo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Guerrero Ospina
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
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