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Wu K, Liu H, Zheng J, Zou L, Gu S, Zhou R, Yuan Z, Huang Z, Wu X. Diabetes Treatment Is Associated With Better Cognitive Function: The Age Disparity. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:753129. [PMID: 35069170 PMCID: PMC8770273 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.753129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognised risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between active treatment for DM and cognitive function in middle-aged (< 60 years) and older adults (≥60 years), respectively. Methods: A total of 13,691 participants (58.55 ± 9.64 years, 47.40% of men) from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The participants were classified into three groups according to whether or not they have diabetes and to their diabetes treatment status: diabetes-free, treated-diabetes and untreated-diabetes, in which the diabetes-free group was regarded as reference specially. Cognitive function was assessed by two interview-based measurements for mental intactness and episodic memory. Results: Compared with the participants in the diabetes-free group, the older participants in the treated-diabetes group had better performance in terms of mental intactness (β = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.04–0.70). No significant association was observed in the middle-aged participants. In the subgroup analyses, the lower cognitive score was only observed in people without depression, who had never smoked and drunk, and with a normal weight (body mass index: 18.5–23.9 kg/m2). Conclusion: The cognitive function of actively treated diabetic patients was better than that of patients without diabetes, but the improvement was significant only in elderly people. Depression, smoking, drinking, and an abnormal weight may attenuate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianwu Zou
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyuan Gu
- Inpatient Department, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelin Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianbo Wu
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Adefegha SA, Dada FA, Oyeleye SI, Oboh G. Effects of berberine on cholinesterases and monoamine oxidase activities, and antioxidant status in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:389-397. [PMID: 33725758 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies had been conducted to examine the link between diabetes and diabetes encephalopathy. This study was conducted to examine the potency of berberine (BER) on the restoration of impaired neurochemicals in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. METHODS Fifty-six (56) adult rats weighing between 200 and 230 g were randomly divided into seven groups (n=8) as follows; Group I is normal control; Groups II and III were normal rats treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively; Group IV-VII were STZ-induced rats, but Groups V-VII were treated with acarbose (25 mg/kg), 50 and 100 mg/kg of BER, respectively. RESULTS The result of the study showed that untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats have increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities, and malonylaldehyde (MDA) level, with concomitant decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) level. However, daily treatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg BER and ACA significantly reversed these effects. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study clearly indicated that BER possesses neuro-protective and antioxidative potentials and normalize neurochemical impairment distort by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Adefegha
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Felix A Dada
- Science Laboratory Technology Department (Biochemistry Unit), Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday I Oyeleye
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Zhang X, Liu X, Xia R, Li N, Liao X, Chen Z. Chinese herbal medicine for vascular cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22455. [PMID: 33019432 PMCID: PMC7535689 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is the most common etiology of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). VCI in CSVD (CSVD-VCI) shows a progressive course with multiple stages and is also associated with dysfunctions such as gait, emotional and behavioral, and urinary disturbances, which seriously affect the life quality of elderly people. In mainland China, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is clinically used for CSVD-VCI and presenting positive efficacy, but the evidence revealed in relevant clinical trials has not been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this study is to assess the current evidence available for the clinical efficacy and safety of CHM for CSVD-VCI. METHODS A literature search of published RCTs up to April 30, 2020, has been conducted in the following 7 electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Journals Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed). For unpublished studies, 2 clinical trial online registration websites will be searched: ClinicalTrials.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using CHM in the treatment of patients with CSVD-VCI, which compares CHM with no treatment, placebo, or other conventional treatments, will be included in this systematic review. Primary outcomes will be set as acknowledged scales measuring cognitive function. Secondary outcomes will involve activities of daily living, behavioral, and psychological symptoms, global performance of dementia, neurological function, biological markers of endothelial dysfunction, the clinical effective rate, and adverse events. After screening studies and extracting data, the Cochrane Collaborations tool for assessing risk of bias will be applied to assess the methodological quality of included RCTs. Review Manager Version 5.3 software will be used for data synthesis and statistical analysis. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and meta-regression will be conducted to detect potential sources of heterogeneity. The funnel plot and Eggers test will be developed to evaluate publication bias, if available. We will perform the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to appraise the quality of evidence. RESULTS Evidence exhibited in this systematic review will provide practical references in the field of CHM treating CSVD-VCI. Moreover, our detailed appraisals of methodological deficiencies of relevant RCTs will offer helpful advice for researchers who are designing trials of CHMs in the treatment of CSVD-VCI. CONCLUSION The conclusion about the clinical efficacy and safety of CHM for CSVD-VCI will be provided for clinical plans, decisions, and policy developments in the full version of this systematic review. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION INPLASY202080120.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruyu Xia
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Xing Liao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Liu G, Zhang N. Therapeutic potentials and mechanisms of the Chinese traditional medicine Danshensu. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 864:172710. [PMID: 31586468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Danshensu is a pure molecule derived from Danshen, which is the root of the herb Salvia miltiorrhiza. It has a clearly defined chemical structure and demonstrates therapeutic effects in cardiovascular diseases (e.g., myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, atherosclerosis, hypertension), cerebral lesions and disorders (e.g., ischemia, cognitive decline, and anxiety), and other health problems (e.g., thrombosis, tumorigenesis, pancreatitis). The mechanisms behind these effects include antioxidation, anti-apoptosis, vasodilation, inflammation regulation, lipidemia control, etc., through the PI3K/Akt-ERK1/2/Nrf2/HO-1, Bcl-2/Bax, eNOS and other molecular signaling pathways. Both Danshen and Danshensu might be more effective than classical cardiovascular drugs, and their combination yields improved therapeutic efficiency. Here, we provide an overview of these drugs for a better understanding of Danshensu as a promising Chinese traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Health Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Guang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Health Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Health Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, PR China.
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Chen H, Zhao M, Li X, Zhang Y, Hao Y, Xiao E, Gao W, Wang H. Comparative effectiveness of different forms of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of post-stroke depression: Protocol for network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16477. [PMID: 31348252 PMCID: PMC6709183 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy is effective for post-stroke depression (PSD). TCM therapy encompasses various forms of practices. However, the comparative effectiveness of these therapies is still not clear. Here, we provide a network meta-analysis protocol to compare the effects of different types of TCM therapy on PSD, using both direct and indirect evidence. METHODS Twelve databases investigation will be conducted through the keywords from their inception to June 1, 2019. At least 2 independent reviewers will identify eligible articles. EndNote X7 software is utilized to manage the literatures and RevMan V.5.3 (The Cochrane Collaboration) software is for data processing throughout the review. The package "netmeta" (version 0.5-0) in R (version 3.0.2, The R Foundation for Statistical Computing) will be used to perform network meta-analysis (NMA). In addition, the overall quality of evidence is evaluated by GRADEPro software, and Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool is employed for the methodological quality. Generally speaking, this review protocol is reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols 2015 guidelines. RESULTS According to this protocol, it will provide evidence in support of, or against, the hypothesis that TCM therapy for PSD is more effective than pharmacotherapy. The results of this study will also provide evidence on relative efficacy of different forms of TCM. Furthermore, this analysis will show which form(s) of TCM therapy is (are) the most effective. CONCLUSION The results will help PSD doctors and patients choose the treatment regimen which is effective, time-saving and economical. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016041594.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Healthy Industrial Park, Jinghai
| | | | | | - Yanhong Zhang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Healthy Industrial Park, Jinghai
| | - Yu Hao
- Library, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ergang Xiao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Healthy Industrial Park, Jinghai
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai
| | - Hongwu Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Healthy Industrial Park, Jinghai
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Oboh G, Oyeleye SI, Akintemi OA, Olasehinde TA. Moringa oleifera supplemented diet modulates nootropic-related biomolecules in the brain of STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with acarbose. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:457-466. [PMID: 29435808 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There are strong correlations between diabetes mellitus and cognitive dysfunction. This study sought to investigate the modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera leaf (ML) and seed (MS) inclusive diets on biomolecules [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)] angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE), arginase, catalase, glutathione transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels] associated with cognitive function in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated with acarbose (ACA). The rats were made diabetic by intraperitoneal administration of 0.1 M sodium-citrate buffer (pH 4.5) containing STZ [60 mg/kg b.w (BW)] and fed with diets containing 2 and 4% ML/MS. Acarbose (25 mg/kg BW) was administered by gavage daily for 14 days. The animals were distributed in eleven groups of eight animals as follows: control, STZ-induced, STZ + ACA, STZ + 2% ML, STZ + ACA + 2% ML, STZ + 4% ML, STZ + ACA + 4% ML, STZ + 2% MS, STZ + ACA + 2% MS, STZ + 4% MS, STZ + ACA + 4% MS. There were marked increase in AChE, BChE, arginase, ACE and concomitant decrease in catalase, GST, GSH-Px, activities and NO levels in STZ-diabetic group compared with the control. However, there was a decrease in AChE, BChE and ACE activities and concomitant increase in the antioxidant molecules in the groups fed with supplemented diets treated with/without ACA compared with the STZ-diabetic group. These findings suggest that ML/MS supplemented diet could prevent cognitive dysfunction-induced by chronic hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.
| | - Sunday I Oyeleye
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.
| | - Omoyemi A Akintemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Tosin A Olasehinde
- Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Lagos, 100261, Nigeria
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Improvement of spatial learning and memory, cortical gyrification patterns and brain oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats treated with Ficus deltoidea leaf extract and vitexin. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:190-202. [PMID: 29322009 PMCID: PMC5755998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that Ficus deltoidea and vitexin played important roles in controlling hyperglycemia, an effective mitigation strategy dealing with cognitive deficit observed in diabetes, little is known about its neuroprotective effects. The study is aimed to determine changes in behavioral, gyrification patterns and brain oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats following F. deltoidea and vitexin treatments. Diabetic rats were treated orally with metformin, methanolic extract of F. deltoidea leaves and vitexin for eight weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate learning and memory functions. The patterns of cortical gyrification were subsequently visualized using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Quantification of brain oxidative stress biomarkers, insulin, amylin as well as serum testosterone were measured using a spectrophotometer. The brain fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography (GC). Biochemical variation in brain was estimated using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Results showed that oral administration of F. deltoidea extract and vitexin to diabetic rats attenuated learning and memory impairment, along with several clusters of improved gyrification. Both treatments also caused a significant increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) values, as well as a significant reduction of TBARS. Strikingly, improvement of cortical gyrification, spatial learning and memory are supported by serum testosterone levels, fatty acid composition of brain and FT-IR spectra.
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Synergism of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Illustrated by Danshen Compound. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7279361. [PMID: 27190537 PMCID: PMC4846759 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7279361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The primary therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) are based on the properties of each herb and the strategic combination of herbs in formulae. The herbal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory: the “Traditional Principles for Constructing Chinese Herbal Medicinal Formulae” and the “Principles of Combining Medicinal Substances.” These principles of formulation detail how and why multiple medicinal herbs with different properties are combined together into a single formula. However, the concept of herbal synergism in CHM still remains a mystery due to lack of scientific data and modern assessment methods. The Compound Danshen Formula (CDF) is a validated formula that has been used to treat a variety of diseases for hundreds of years in China and other countries. The CDF will be employed to illustrate the theory and principle of Chinese herbal medicine formulation. The aim of this review is to describe how Chinese herbal medicinal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory and to illustrate with scientific evidence how Chinese herbs work synergistically within a formula, thereby supporting Chinese medicine theory and practice.
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Feng M, Lu J, May BH, Liu S, Guo X, Zhang AL, Xue CC, Lu C. Chinese herbal medicine for patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010295. [PMID: 27016244 PMCID: PMC4809105 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review is to assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of patients with vascular cognitive impairment but no dementia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will perform a comprehensive retrieval in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), Wan-fang database and other sources. After screening the studies, the methodological quality of all included trials will be assessed according to the risk of bias instrument provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials will be conducted using RevMan V.5.3 software. Funnel plot analysis and Egger's test will be used to assess publication bias, if possible. The quality of evidence will be assessed by the GRADE system. DISSEMINATION This systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and a relevant conference presentation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD 42015023682.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Feng
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical research Service Group, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingmin Lu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Brian H May
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaonan Liu
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical research Service Group, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Guo
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical research Service Group, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charlie Changli Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Qiang G, Wenzhai C, Huan Z, Yuxia Z, Dongdong Y, Sen Z, Qiu C. Effect of Sancaijiangtang on plasma nitric oxide and endothelin-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular dementia: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:375-80. [PMID: 26427105 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Sancaijiangtang powders on plasma nitric oxide and endothelin-1 levels. We sought to identify the common pathological link and mechanism of action for Traditional Chinese medicine in type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular dementia, and to explicate the material basis for treating the different diseases with the same method in Traditional Chinese Medicine. METHODS In total, 168 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular dementia were enrolled in the study, and randomly divided into two groups by simple randomization. Patients in the treatment group received oral Sancaijiangtang powders with pioglitazone hydrochloride three times daily, while patients in the control group received pioglitazone hydrochloride alone. The treatment course was for 12 weeks. Mini-mental state examinations (Chinese version) and Montreal Cognitive Assessments (Beijing version) were performed, and fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, plasma nitric oxide and endothelin-1 levels were measured before and after the treatment. RESULTS The post-treatment levels for all measurements in both groups were better than pre-treat- ment levels (P < 0.05). The post-treatment levels for all measurements in the treatment group were better than the levels measured in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular dementia have common pathological mechanisms for insulin resistance and endothelium dysfunction. Sancaijiangtang powders could improve the release of nitric oxide and inhibit the secretion of endothelin-1. Therefore, the material basis exists for treating the different diseases with the same method in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Seto SW, Yang GY, Kiat H, Bensoussan A, Kwan YW, Chang D. Diabetes Mellitus, Cognitive Impairment, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:810439. [PMID: 26060494 PMCID: PMC4427766 DOI: 10.1155/2015/810439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder affecting a large number of people worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated that DM can cause damage to multiple systems, leading to complications such as heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disorders. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that DM is closely associated with dementia and cognition dysfunction, with recent research focusing on the role of DM-mediated cerebrovascular damage in dementia. Despite the therapeutic benefits of antidiabetic agents for the treatment of DM-mediated cognitive dysfunction, most of these pharmaceutical agents are associated with various undesirable side-effects and their long-term benefits are therefore in doubt. Early evidence exists to support the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interventions, which tend to have minimal toxicity and side-effects. More importantly, these TCM interventions appear to offer significant effects in reducing DM-related complications beyond blood glucose control. However, more research is needed to further validate these claims and to explore their relevant mechanisms of action. The aims of this paper are (1) to provide an updated overview on the association between DM and cognitive dysfunction and (2) to review the scientific evidence underpinning the use of TCM interventions for the treatment and prevention of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Seto
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - G. Y. Yang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - H. Kiat
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - A. Bensoussan
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Y. W. Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - D. Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- *D. Chang:
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