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Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhuang Q. IL2RB affects Th1/Th2 and Th17 responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from septic patients. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:1-7. [PMID: 37169553 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i3.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune dysfunction is a common and serious complication of sepsis. This study finds key genes linked to immunity in sepsis. METHODS The "Limma package" was used to analyze GSE154918 datasets for differentially expressed genes. The differentially expressed genes were then enriched for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and interleukin 2 receptor subunit Beta (IL2RB) protein coding gene was chosen for investigation. IL2RB expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was assessed by polymerase chain reaction. White blood cells of septic patients and healthy controls were collected from hospitals and linked with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) of septic patients using Pearson's correlation analysis. PBMC cells were transfected with IL2RB, and the effect of transfection was observed on cellular interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-12, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A. RESULTS A total of 686 differential genes, comprising 446 upregulated and 240 down regulated genes, were identified. The enrichment of KEGG pathway revealed that the majority of differential genes were enriched in the T helper (Th1)/Th2 cell and Th17 cell differentiation pathways. In patients with sepsis, correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between IL2RB and APACHE II score, SOFA score, CRP, and PCT. IFN-γ and IL-12 levels were elevated in PBMC of septic patients after IL2RB transfection, but IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A levels were lowered. CONCLUSION Sepsis-induced immunological dysfunction is improved by IL2RB, which also balances Th1/Th2 responses and prevents Th17 activation. © 2023 Codon Publications. Published by Codon Publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Qing Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
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2
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Wang XH, Xu DQ, Chen YY, Yue SJ, Fu RJ, Huang L, Tang YP. Traditional Chinese Medicine: A promising strategy to regulate inflammation, intestinal disorders and impaired immune function due to sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952938. [PMID: 36188532 PMCID: PMC9523403 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is described as a dysregulation of the immune response to infection, which leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. The interaction between intestinal microbiota and sepsis can’t be ignored. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota may regulate the progress of sepsis and attenuate organ damage. Thus, maintaining or restoring microbiota may be a new way to treat sepsis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumes a significant part in the treatment of sepsis through multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-targeting abilities. Moreover, TCM can prevent the progress of sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis by improving the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, improving immunity and reducing the damage to the intestinal barrier. This paper expounds the interaction between intestinal microbiota and sepsis, then reviews the current research on the treatment of sepsis with TCM, to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
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De G, Chen A, Zhao Q, Xie R, Wang C, Li M, Zhao H, Gu X, McCarl LH, Zhang F, Cai W, Yang M, Lin P, Liu S, Bian B. A multi-herb-combined remedy to overcome hyper-inflammatory response by reprogramming transcription factor profile and shaping monocyte subsets. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105617. [PMID: 33872811 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese multi-herb-combined prescriptions usually show better performance than a single agent since a group of effective compounds interfere multiple disease-relevant targets simultaneously. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction is a remedy made of four herbs that are widely used to treat oral ulcers, gingivitis, and periodontitis. However, the active ingredients and underlying mechanisms are not clear. To address these questions, we prepared a water extract solution of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD), called it as WEH (Water Extract Solution of HLJDD), and used it to treat LPS-induced systemic inflammation in mice. We observed that WEH attenuated inflammatory responses including reducing production of cytokines, chemokines and interferons (IFNs), further attenuating emergency myelopoiesis, and preventing mice septic lethality. Upon LPS stimulation, mice pretreated with WEH increased circulating Ly6C- patrolling and splenic Ly6C+ inflammatory monocytes. The acute myelopoiesis related transcriptional factor profile was rearranged by WEH. Mechanistically we confirmed that WEH interrupted LPS/TLR4/CD14 signaling-mediated downstream signaling pathways through its nine principal ingredients, which blocked LPS stimulated divergent signaling cascades, such as activation of NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and ERK1/2. We conclude that the old remedy blunts LPS-induced "danger" signal recognition and transduction process at multiple sites. To translate our findings into clinical applications, we refined the crude extract into a pure multicomponent drug by directly mixing these nine chemical entities, which completely reproduced the effect of protecting mice from lethal septic shock. Finally, we reduced a large number of compounds within a multi-herb water extract to seven-chemical combination that exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy compared with WEH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gejing De
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Apeng Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Qinghe Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chaoxi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Meng Li
- Berry Genomics Corp., Beijing, Science & Technology Park, Changping District, Beijing 102299, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xinru Gu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lauren H McCarl
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Fangbo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Miyi Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peihui Lin
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China.
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4
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Qin Z, Xiang K, Su DF, Sun Y, Liu X. Activation of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 11:595342. [PMID: 33633726 PMCID: PMC7901247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) underlined the urgent need for alleviating cytokine storm. We propose here that activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is a potential therapeutic strategy. However, there is currently no approved drugs targeting the regulatory pathway. It is evident that nicotine, anisodamine and some herb medicine, activate the CAP and exert anti-inflammation action in vitro and in vivo. As the vagus nerve affects both inflammation and specific immune response, we propose that vagus nerve stimulation by invasive or non-invasive devices and acupuncture at ST36, PC6, or GV20, are also feasible approaches to activate the CAP and control COVID-19. It is worth to investigate the efficacy and safety of the strategy in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Kefa Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Feng Su
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Jiang S, Chen Z, Lai W, Mai Q, Chen D, Sun S, Zhang Y. Decoction of Heat-Clearing, Detoxifying and Blood Stasis Removing Relieves Acute Soft Tissue Injury via Modulating MiR-26b-5p/COX2 Axis to Inhibit Inflammation. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20201981. [PMID: 33270831 PMCID: PMC7753743 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang, a heat-clearing and detoxifying decoction is beneficial to alleviation of inflammation-related diseases. The objective of this study is to uncover the effect and mechanism of heat-clearing, detoxifying and blood stasis removing decoction (HDBD) on the treatment of acute soft tissue injury (STI) which is characterized with excessive inflammatory cascade at the onset. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with hammer beating served as the in vivo models of acute STI. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used for histopathology assessment. The levels of inflammatory factors, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-αumTNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1t and IL-6 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human dermal microvascular endothelium cell line HMEC-1 and rat vascular endothelium cell line RAOEC were used to explore the mechanism in vitro. Luciferase gene reporter assay was applied to determine the relationship between miR-26b-5p and COX2. The results showed that HDBD intervention significantly reduced the temperature difference between the healthy side and affected side of rats with hammer beating, together with the decreased levels of COX2, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and the increased level of miR-26b-5p. In mechanism, miR-26b-5p targeted COX2 and decreased its expression, leading to significant decreases in the levels of PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 in RAOEC and HMEC-1 cells. In addition, miR-26b-5p inhibition impaired the effects of HDBD on the suppression of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in vitro. In conclusion, this study revealed that HDBD relieved acute STI via modulating miR-26b-5p/COX2 axis to inhibit inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunwan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Wenqiang Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Qingchun Mai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Dayu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Shufen Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, China
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6
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Fan TT, Cheng BL, Fang XM, Chen YC, Su F. Application of Chinese Medicine in the Management of Critical Conditions: A Review on Sepsis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1315-1330. [PMID: 32907362 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Critical care medicine is a medical specialty engaging the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients who have or are likely to have life-threatening organ failure. Sepsis, a life-threatening condition that arises when the body responds to infection, is currently the major cause of death in intensive care units (ICU). Although progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of sepsis, many drawbacks in sepsis treatment remains unresolved. For example, antimicrobial resistance, controversial of glucocorticoids use, prolonged duration of ICU care and the subsequent high cost of the treatment. Recent years have witnessed a growing trend of applying traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in sepsis management. The TCM application emphasizes use of herbal formulation to balance immune responses to infection, which include clearing heat and toxin, promoting blood circulation and removing its stasis, enhancing gastrointestinal function, and strengthening body resistance. In this paper, we will provide an overview of the current status of Chinese herbal formulations, single herbs, and isolated compounds, as an add-on therapy to the standard Western treatment in the sepsis management. With the current trajectory of worldwide pandemic eruption of newly identified Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), the adjuvant TCM therapy can be used in the ICU to treat critically ill patients infected with the novel coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Fan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Li Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Can Chen
- Gastroenterology of Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, P. R. China
| | - Fan Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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Liu F, Yu C, Liu J, Johnson N, Zhang Y, Su Z, Sun C, Ding X. Dahuang Fuzi decoction reduces inflammation levels and alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier damage in septic rats. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Qi Y, Zhang Q, Zhu H. Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction: a review on phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic investigations. Chin Med 2019; 14:57. [PMID: 31867052 PMCID: PMC6918586 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD), a famous traditional Chinese prescription constituted by Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Cortex Phellodendri and Fructus Gradeniae, has notable characteristics of dissipating heat and detoxification, interfering with tumors, hepatic diseases, metabolic disorders, inflammatory or allergic processes, cerebral diseases and microbial infections. Based on the wide clinical applications, accumulating investigations about HLJDD focused on several aspects: (1) chemical analysis to explore the underlying substrates responsible for the therapeutic effects; (2) further determination of pharmacological actions and the possible mechanisms of the whole prescription and of those representative ingredients to provide scientific evidence for traditional clinical applications and to demonstrate the intriguing molecular targets for specific pathological processes; (3) pharmacokinetic feature studies of single or all components of HLJDD to reveal the chemical basis and synergistic actions contributing to the pharmacological and clinically therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarized the main achievements of phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles of HLJDD and its herbal or pharmacologically active chemicals, as well as our understanding which further reveals the significance of HLJDD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Qi
- 1Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,3Jiangsu Research Center of Botanical Medicine Refinement Engineering, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- 1Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,3Jiangsu Research Center of Botanical Medicine Refinement Engineering, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,4Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- 1Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,3Jiangsu Research Center of Botanical Medicine Refinement Engineering, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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9
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Inhibition activity of a traditional Chinese herbal formula Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang and its major components found in its plasma profile on neuraminidase-1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15549. [PMID: 29138445 PMCID: PMC5686190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT), a traditional formula with four TCM herbs, has been used for hundred years for different diseases. The current study aimed to assess the inhibitory activity of HLJDT against H1N1 neuraminidase (NA-1), and identify potent NA-1 inhibitors from its plasma profile. The in vitro NA-1 study has shown that the water extract of HLJDT potently inhibited NA-1 (IC50 = 112.6 μg/ml; Ki = 55.6 μg/ml) in a competitive mode. The IC50 values of the water extracts of its four herbs were as follows: Coptidis Rhizoma, 96.1 μg/ml; Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, 108.6 μg/ml; Scutellariae Radix, 303.5 μg/ml; Gardeniae Fructus, 285.0 μg/ml. Thirteen compounds found in the plasma profile of HLJDT were also identified as potent NA-1 inhibitors, which included jatrorrhizine, palmatine, epiberberine, geniposide, oroxylin A, berberine, coptisine, baicalein, wogonoside, phellodendrine, wogonin, oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide and baicalin (sorted in ascending order by their IC50 values). Their inhibitory activities were consistent with molecular docking analysis when considering crystallographic water molecules in the ligand-binding pocket of NA-1. Our current findings suggested that HLJDT can be used as a complementary medicine for H1N1 infection and its potent active compounds can be developed as NA-1 inhibitors.
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10
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Asadi-Samani M, Bagheri N, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Shirzad H. Inhibition of Th1 and Th17 Cells by Medicinal Plants and Their Derivatives: A Systematic Review. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1128-1139. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Asadi-Samani
- Students Research Committee; Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences; Shahrekord Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute; Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences; Shahrekord Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute; Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences; Shahrekord Iran
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Xu D, Lv Y, Wang J, Yang M, Kong L. Deciphering the mechanism of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction on the treatment of sepsis by formula decomposition and metabolomics: Enhancement of cholinergic pathways and inhibition of HMGB-1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling. Pharmacol Res 2017; 121:94-113. [PMID: 28434923 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (HLJDD), a well-known Chinese herb formula, has long been used for the treatment of sepsis. In this investigation, by leaving one herb out each time, the four component herbs of HLJDD were reformulated to four HLJDD variants Form1-4, corresponding to the removal of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructu and Coptidis Rhizoma, respectively. Metabolomics approach combined with histological inspection, biochemical measurement and molecular biology was used to investigate the treatment effects of HLJDD and its four variants on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis, which were compared to decipher the formulating principles of HLJDD. Our results showed that HLJDD exhibit the strongest therapeutic effects in the CLP models as compared with the four variants, which could be ascribed to its most significant enhancement of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and inhibition of HMGB-1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Most of all, metabolites changed specifically between groups of HLJDD and its four variants were related with the exceptional treatment effects of HLJDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingqiao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsong Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing, 210014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghua Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Li P, Liao S, Wang J, Zhang Q, Xu D, Lv Y, Yang M, Kong L. Protection by Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction and its constituent herbs of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:221-236. [PMID: 28174688 PMCID: PMC5292670 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, characterized by systemic inflammation, often leads to end-organ dysfunction, such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Despite of the severity and frequency of septic AKI in clinic, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Combined with histopathology evaluations, mortality assessments, biochemical evaluations, reverse transcription (RT) reaction and quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot, 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach was applied to investigate effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decotion (HLJDD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, and its four component herbs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic AKI and the underlying mechanism. LPS induced kidney dysfunction via activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), by excessive production of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and COX-2, producing perturbance in energy metabolism and oxidative stress. HLJDD and its component herbs could effectively inhibit LPS-induced AKI in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation and activating the Akt/HO-1 pathway, and by markedly ameliorating disturbances in oxidative stress and energy metabolism induced by LPS. The four-component herbs could complement each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shan‐Ting Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun‐Song Wang
- Center for Molecular MetabolismNanjing University of Science and TechnologyChina
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ding‐Qiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ming‐Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ling‐Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
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Compositions, Formation Mechanism, and Neuroprotective Effect of Compound Precipitation from the Traditional Chinese Prescription Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081094. [PMID: 27548137 PMCID: PMC6272921 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds in the form of precipitation (CFP) are universally formed during the decocting of Chinese prescriptions, such as Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT). The formation rate of HLJDT CFP even reached 2.63% ± 0.20%. The identification by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)) proved that the main chemical substances of HLJDT CFP are baicalin and berberine, which is coincident with the theory that the CFP might derive from interaction between acidic and basic compounds. To investigate the formation mechanism of HLJDT CFP, baicalin and berberine were selected to synthesize a simulated precipitation and then the baicalin-berberine complex was obtained. Results indicated that the melting point of the complex interposed between baicalin and berberine, and the UV absorption, was different from the mother material. In addition, ¹H-NMR integral and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HR-MS) can validate that the binding ratio was 1:1. Compared with baicalin, the chemical shifts of H and C on glucuronide had undergone significant changes by ¹H-, (13)C-NMR, which proved that electron transfer occurred between the carboxylic proton and the lone pair of electrons on the N atom. Both HLJDT CFP and the baicalin-berberine complex showed protective effects against cobalt chloride-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. It is a novel idea, studying the material foundation of CFP in Chinese prescriptions.
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Wei Y, Gao N, Zhang Z, Zu X, Hu Z, Zhang W, Yin J, Liu X. Metabolic changes at the early stage of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture in rats and the interventional effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1026:176-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chen GR, Zhang G, Li MY, Jing J, Wang J, Zhang X, Mackie B, Dou DQ. The effective components of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction against sepsis evaluated by a lipid A-based affinity biosensor. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 186:369-376. [PMID: 27045865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD), the classical recipe for relieving fever and toxicity, has been used for treating sepsis in China for sixteen years. However, the effective components of HJD have not been elucidated until now. Therefore, there is a need to elucidate the effective components of HJD against sepsis on animal models induced by endotoxin (LPS). The affinity force of the effective components of HJD with lipid A was evaluated by a biosensor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lipid A is regarded as the bioactive center of LPS and is always used as a drug target. In order to obtain the effective components of HJD against sepsis, seven fractions from HJD were tested by a biosensor method for assessing the affinity for lipid A. After further separation, the components were isolated from high lipid A-binding fractions and their affinities to lipid A were assessed with the aid of a biosensor. Their activities were then assayed by an in vivo experiment administered through a tail vein injection. The levels of LPS, TNF-α, and IL-6 from the blood were found and pathology experiments were performed. RESULTS Three out of the seven fractions exhibited high lipid A-binding affinities. Berberine, baicalin and geniposide were obtained from the three high lipid A-binding fractions. The animal experiments indicated that the levels of LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 in the medicated treatment groups were much lower than that of the model group ((**)P<0.01). The medicated treatment groups exhibited stronger protective activities on varying organs in the animal model. CONCLUSIONS Berberine, baicalin and geniposide could neutralize LPS by binding with lipid A and then reduce the release of IL-6 and TNF-α induced by LPS. Furthermore, berberine, baicalin and geniposide exhibited protective activities on varying organs compared to the animal model established by the LPS-induced. These results validate that the components from HJD neutralized LPS and then depressed the release of IL-6 and TNF-α induced by LPS. This gives further evidence that HJD would be a suitable treatment for sepsis and protecting vital organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Rong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 23219, USA
| | - Ming-Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing Jing
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Brianna Mackie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 23219, USA
| | - De-Qiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life One Road, DD port, Dalian 116600, China
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Ren W, Zuo R, Wang YN, Wang HJ, Yang J, Xin SK, Han LY, Zhao HY, Han SY, Gao B, Hu H, Hu YJ, Bian BL, Si N. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis on Inflammation Rat Model after Oral Administration of Huang Lian Jie Du Decoction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156256. [PMID: 27280291 PMCID: PMC4900566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD) is a classical Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula with heat-dissipating and detoxifying effects. It is used to treat inflammation-associated diseases. However, no systematic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data concerning the activity of HLJDD under inflammatory conditions is available to date. In the present study, the concentration-time profiles and the hepatic clearance rates (HCR) of 41 major components in rat plasma in response to the oral administration of a clinical dose of HLJDD were investigated by LC-QqQ-MS using a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (DMRM) method. Additionally, the levels of 7 cytokines (CKs) in the plasma and the body temperature of rats were analyzed. Furthermore, a PK-PD model was established to describe the time course of the hemodynamic and anti-inflammatory effects of HLJDD. As one of the three major active constituents in HLJDD, iridoids were absorbed and eliminated more easily and quickly than alkaloids and flavonoids. Compared with the normal controls, the flavonoids, alkaloids and iridoids in inflamed rats exhibited consistently changing trends of PK behaviors, such as higher bioavailability, slower elimination, delays in reaching the maximum concentration (Tmax) and longer substantivity. The HCR of iridoids was different from that of alkaloids and flavonoids in inflamed rats. Furthermore, excellent pharmacodynamic effects of HLJDD were observed in inflamed rats. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-10, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and body temperature significantly decreased after the administration of HLJDD. Based on PK-PD modeling with the three-phase synchronous characterization of time-concentration-effect, flavonoids exhibited one mechanism of action in the anti-inflammatory process, while iridoids and alkaloids showed another mechanism of action. Taken together, the results demonstrated that HLJDD may restrain inflammation synergistically via its major constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids and iridoids). A correlation between the exposure concentration of different types of compounds and their anti-inflammatory effects in the body was shown. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the anti-inflammatory activity of HLJDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ran Zuo
- Li Kang Hospital, Beijing 102609, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Nan Wang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Jie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shao-Kun Xin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ling-Yu Han
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- * E-mail: (HYZ); (NS)
| | - Shu-Yan Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and WesternMedicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, PR China
| | - Bo Gao
- Anhui Jinchan Biochemistry Company Ltd., Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bao-Lin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- * E-mail: (HYZ); (NS)
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Chen HY, Lin YH, Chen YC. Identifying Chinese herbal medicine network for treating acne: Implications from a nationwide database. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:1-8. [PMID: 26721214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acne is a highly prevalent inflammatory skin disease which causes patients great psychological stress, especially teenagers. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used to treat acne with personalized but complicated prescriptions. The aim of this study is to determine a CHM network and core CHM treatments for acne by analyzing a nationwide database. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 1st to December 31st, 2011, all CHM prescriptions made for acne (ICD-9-CM code: 706.0 or 706.1) were included in this study. Visits with acupuncture, manual therapy or other treatment modalities were excluded, and CHM visits with other diagnoses were also excluded in final analysis. Association rule mining (ARM) and social network analysis (SNA) were used to explore and demonstrate a CHM network. RESULTS A total of 91,129 patients used traditional Chinese medicine, and 99% of them chose CHM for acne treatment. Most CHM users were teenagers, and there were twice as many female patients as male patients. A total of 279,823 CHM prescriptions were made for acne in 2011. Qing-Shang-Fang-Feng-Tang was the most commonly used CHM (31.2% of all prescriptions), and Zhen-Ren-Huo-Ming-Yin combined with Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. (Lian Qiao) was the most commonly used CHM-CHM combination. Thirty-one important CHM-CHM combinations were identified, and the CHM network could be built. Extensive coverage of the known pathogenesis of acne could be found in the CHM network when incorporating CHM pharmacological mechanisms into the network. Anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects were commonly found in the CHM network, and CHMs with anti-androgen, anti-depressive and skin whitening effects were frequently used in combination. CONCLUSIONS The CHM combination patterns and core treatments for acne were disclosed in this study by applying network analysis to a CHM prescription database. These results may be beneficial for further bench or clinical studies when choosing target CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yu Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, I-Lan, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Liu S, Yu X, Hu B, Zou Y, Li J, Bo L, Deng X. Salidroside rescued mice from experimental sepsis through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects. J Surg Res 2015; 195:277-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Identifying chinese herbal medicine network for eczema: implications from a nationwide prescription database. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:347164. [PMID: 25685167 PMCID: PMC4320894 DOI: 10.1155/2015/347164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Eczema is a highly prevalent dermatological disease that can severely affect the patient's quality of life. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used in combination for eczema due to the complicated pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify a CHM network for the treatment of eczema by using a nationwide database. During 2011, 381,282 CHM prescriptions made for eczema (ICD-9-CM 692.x) were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan and analyzed by using association rule mining and social network analysis. Among 661 available CHMs, 44 important combinations were identified. Among the CHM networks, seven clusters with the predominant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern were recognized. The largest CHM cluster was used to treat the wind-dampness-heat pattern, and Xiao-Feng-San (24.1% of all prescriptions) was the core of this cluster with anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antiallergic effects. Lonicera japonica (11.0% of all prescriptions) with Forsythia suspense (17.0% of all prescriptions) was the most commonly used CHM combination and was also the core treatment for treating the heat pattern, in which an antimicrobial effect is found. CHM network analysis is helpful for TCM doctors or researchers to choose candidates for clinical practice or further studies.
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