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Huang C, Liang C, Tong J, Zhong X, Luo L, Liang L, Wen Y, Zhong L, Deng J, Peng M, Wu W, Huang W, Xie A, Huang Y, Chen J. Soluble E-cadherin participates in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by promoting EMT and lung fibroblast migration. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:435-443. [PMID: 37792543 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) is an 80 kDa fragment derived from E-cadherin that is shed from the cell surface through proteolytic cleavage and is a biomarker in various cancers that promotes invasion and migration. Alveolar epithelial destruction, aberrant lung fibroblast migration and inflammation contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we hypothesized that E-cadherin plays an important role in lung fibrosis. In this study, we found that E-cadherin was markedly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of mice with pulmonary fibrosis and that blocking sE-cad with HECD-1, a neutralizing antibody targeting the ectodomain of E-cadherin, effectively inhibited myofibroblast accumulation and collagen deposition in the lungs after bleomycin (BLM) exposure. Moreover, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1) induced the shedding of sE-cad from A549 cells, and treatment with HECD-1 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stimulated by TGF-β1. Fc-E-cadherin (Fc-Ecad), which is an exogenous form of sE-cad, robustly promoted lung fibroblast migration. E-cadherin participates in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis by promoting EMT in the alveolar epithelium and fibroblast activation. E-cadherin may be a novel therapeutic target for lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Congmin Liang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinzhai Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xueying Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Lishan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liping Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Liandi Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jiongrui Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Ming Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weiliang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Anlun Xie
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanming Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jialong Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
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Binabaj MM, Asgharzadeh F, Rahmani F, Al-Asady AM, Hashemzehi M, Soleimani A, Avan A, Mehraban S, Ghorbani E, Ryzhikov M, Khazaei M, Hassanian SM. Vactosertib potently improves anti-tumor properties of 5-FU for colon cancer. Daru 2023; 31:193-203. [PMID: 37740873 PMCID: PMC10624787 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that the TGF-β signaling pathway plays a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. The aim of the current study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of Vactosertib (EW-7197), a selective inhibitor of TGF-β receptor type I, either alone or in combination with the standard first-line chemotherapeutic treatment, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), in CRC progression in both cellular and animal models. METHODS Real-Time PCR, Zymography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) tissue staining, and Flow cytometry techniques were applied to determine the anti-tumor properties of this novel TGF-β inhibitor in in vitro (CT-26 cell line) and in vivo (inbred BALB/C mice) samples. RESULTS Our findings showed that Vactosertib decreased cell proliferation and induced spheroid shrinkage. Moreover, this inhibitor suppressed the cell cycle and its administration either alone or in combination with 5-FU induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of p53 and BAX proteins. It also improved 5-FU anti-cancer effects by decreasing the tumor volume and weight, increasing tumor necrosis, and regulating tumor fibrosis and inflammation in an animal model. Vactosertib also enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on invasive behavior of CRC cells by upregulating the expression of E-cadherin and inhibiting MMP-9 enzymatic activity. CONCLUSION This study demonstrating the potent anti-tumor effects of Vactosertib against CRC progression. Our results clearly suggest that this inhibitor could be a promising agent reducing CRC tumor progression when administered either alone or in combination with standard treatment in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Kashmar School of Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdulridha Mohammed Al-Asady
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Kerbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | | | - Atena Soleimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Mehraban
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Ghorbani
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Aznab M, Shahhosseini R, Safaei M, Mozaffari HR. Salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: A comparative study. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1982-1987. [PMID: 38376307 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_702_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM According to the literature, high levels of salivary soluble E-cadherin may be lined to advanced stage and poor prognosis in cancers. This research aimed at comparing salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in cases with esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. METHODS This case-control research was performed on 68 patients with gastrointestinal cancers and 57 healthy volunteers as a control group to measure salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin using ELISA kits. RESULTS The results showed a statistically significant difference between salivary and serum levels of soluble E-cadherin in the case group, as opposed to the control group (P = 0.031). The salivary level of soluble E-cadherin in the control group was 2.138 ng/mL on average lower than that that in the case group. The median salivary level of soluble E-cadherin among cases with lymph node involvement was significantly higher compared with its median level in the control group (P = 0.049). Soluble E-cadherin salivary level and other variables, such as metastasis and cancer stage, were directly correlated, but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION According to the findings, the salivary level of soluble E-cadherin among cases with gastric cancer could be considered as a prognostic marker, but the diagnostic value of saliva could not be judged in esophageal and colorectal cancers because of small sample size, and more investigations are required for a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffar Aznab
- Medical Oncologist-Hematologist, Department of Internal Medicine, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Chang YP, Huang GK, Chen YC, Huang KT, Chen YM, Lin CY, Huang CC, Lin MC, Wang CC. E-cadherin expression in the tumor microenvironment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and the association with prognosis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:569. [PMID: 37340370 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), E-cadherin, and vimentin in lung cancer tumor microenvironment is known to impact patient survival or response to therapy. The expression of these biomarkers may also differ between primary lung tumors and brain metastatic tumors. In this study, we investigated the interaction between these biomarkers in lung tumors with or without concomitant brain metastasis and the interaction with paired brain metastatic tumors. METHODS The study included 48 patients with stage IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Sixteen of the forty-eight patients were diagnosed with brain metastasis, while the remaining thirty-two were not. All sixteen patients with brain metastasis had brain tumors. The expression of PD-L1, TILs (CD8+ T lymphocytes and FOXP3+ regulatory T lymphocytes), E-cadherin, and vimentin were evaluated using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RESULTS Patients with brain metastasis exhibited a higher frequency of exon 19 deletion and uncommon EGFR mutations, a higher lung tumor vimentin score, worse progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) than patients without brain metastasis. IHC staining showed no difference between paired lung and brain tumors. Patients with low PD-L1 expression had better PFS and OS. After multivariate analysis, higher body mass index, the presence of brain metastasis, bone metastasis, and uncommon EGFR mutations were correlated with worse PFS, while the presence of brain metastasis and high lung tumor E-cadherin score was associated with worse OS. CONCLUSIONS In patients with stage IV EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma, high E-cadherin expression in the lung tumor might be associated with worse OS. Vimentin expression in the lung tumor was positively related to the risk of brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Kai Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tung Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yu Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Biobank and Tissue Bank, Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chou Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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5
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Vitaliti A, Roccatani I, Iorio E, Perta N, Gismondi A, Chirico M, Pisanu ME, Di Marino D, Canini A, De Luca A, Rossi L. AKT-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition is affected by copper bioavailability in HER2 negative breast cancer cells via a LOXL2-independent mechanism. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:93-115. [PMID: 36454513 PMCID: PMC9947069 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main mechanism underlying cancer dissemination is the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process is orchestrated by cytokines like TGFβ, involving "non-canonical" AKT- or STAT3-driven pathways. Recently, the alteration of copper homeostasis seems involved in the onset and progression of cancer. METHODS We expose different breast cancer cell lines, including two triple negative (TNBC) ones, an HER2 enriched and one cell line representative of the Luminal A molecular subtype, to short- or long-term copper-chelation by triethylenetetramine (TRIEN). We analyse changes in the expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin, fibronectin, vimentin and αSMA), in the levels and activity of extracellular matrix components (LOXL2, fibronectin and MMP2/9) and of copper homeostasis markers by Western blot analyses, immunofluorescence, enzyme activity assays and RT-qPCR. Boyden Chamber and wound healing assays revealed the impact of copper chelation on cell migration. Additionally, we explored whether perturbation of copper homeostasis affects EMT prompted by TGFβ. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses were applied to search the effects of copper chelation on the metabolism of breast cancer cells. Finally, bioinformatics analysis of data on breast cancer patients obtained from different databases was employed to correlate changes in kinases and copper markers with patients' survival. RESULTS Remarkably, only HER2 negative breast cancer cells differently responded to short- or long-term exposure to TRIEN, initially becoming more aggressive but, upon prolonged exposure, retrieving epithelial features, reducing their invasiveness. This phenomenon may be related to the different impact of the short and prolonged activation of the AKT kinase and to the repression of STAT3 signalling. Bioinformatics analyses confirmed the positive correlation of breast cancer patients' survival with AKT activation and up-regulation of CCS. Eventually, metabolomics studies demonstrate a prevalence of glycolysis over mitochondrial energetic metabolism and of lipidome changes in TNBC cells upon TRIEN treatment. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence of a pivotal role of copper in AKT-driven EMT activation, acting independently of HER2 in TNBC cells and via a profound change in their metabolism. Our results support the use of copper-chelators as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vitaliti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy ,PhD program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Roccatani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Core Facilities High Resolution NMR Unit, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Nunzio Perta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattea Chirico
- Core Facilities High Resolution NMR Unit, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Pisanu
- Core Facilities High Resolution NMR Unit, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Canini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luisa Rossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Serum and Pleural Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules in Mesothelioma Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122825. [PMID: 35740491 PMCID: PMC9221497 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma, a malignant neoplasm of mesothelial cells, has overall poor prognosis. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are proteins that contribute to the immune response. In this study the clinical utility and prognostic significance of serum and pleural fluid soluble CAM (sCAM) levels were assessed in patients with mesothelioma. Mesothelioma patients were retrospectively recruited (2016-2020). Clinical characteristics, serum and pleural sCAM levels (sE-cadherin, sE-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1)) and histopathological characteristics were gathered. A total of 51 healthy controls were also recruited for a secondary cross-sectional analysis. 92 mesothelioma patients were analyzed (mean age 64.5 years, 87% males, performance status 0-2). Patients with increased pleural sE-cadherin had higher risk for disease progression (adjusted HR 1.11 (1.02, 1.20), p = 0.013). Serum and pleural sE-selectin were decreased in patients with high-grade mesothelioma. Patients with increased serum or pleural sE-selectin levels had lower risk for death (adjusted HR 0.88 (0.81, 0.96), p = 0.003; 0.90 (0.82, 0.99), p = 0.039, respectively). Serum sE-cadherin, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels were significantly increased in mesothelioma patients compared to healthy controls. Further studies are needed to indicate the clinical utility of serum and pleural sCAMs in mesothelioma patients.
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Harryman WL, Marr KD, Nagle RB, Cress AE. Integrins and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Cooperation in the Tumor Microenvironment of Muscle-Invasive Lethal Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837585. [PMID: 35300411 PMCID: PMC8921537 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive lethal carcinomas traverse into and through this specialized biophysical and growth factor enriched microenvironment. We will highlight cancers that originate in organs surrounded by smooth muscle, which presents a barrier to dissemination, including prostate, bladder, esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. We propose that the heterogeneity of cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion receptors is an important driver of aggressive tumor networks with functional consequences for progression. Phenotype heterogeneity of the tumor provides a biophysical advantage for tumor network invasion through the tensile muscle and survival of the tumor network. We hypothesize that a functional epithelial-mesenchymal cooperation (EMC)exists within the tumor invasive network to facilitate tumor escape from the primary organ, invasion and traversing of muscle, and navigation to metastatic sites. Cooperation between specific epithelial cells within the tumor and stromal (mesenchymal) cells interacting with the tumor is illustrated using the examples of laminin-binding adhesion molecules—especially integrins—and their response to growth and inflammatory factors in the tumor microenvironment. The cooperation between cell-cell (E-cadherin, CDH1) and cell-ECM (α6 integrin, CD49f) expression and growth factor receptors is highlighted within poorly differentiated human tumors associated with aggressive disease. Cancer-associated fibroblasts are examined for their role in the tumor microenvironment in generating and organizing various growth factors. Cellular structural proteins are potential utility markers for future spatial profiling studies. We also examine the special characteristics of the smooth muscle microenvironment and how invasion by a primary tumor can alter this environment and contribute to tumor escape via cooperation between epithelial and stromal cells. This cooperative state allows the heterogenous tumor clusters to be shaped by various growth factors, co-opt or evade immune system response, adapt from hypoxic to normoxic conditions, adjust to varying energy sources, and survive radiation and chemotherapeutic interventions. Understanding the epithelial-mesenchymal cooperation in early tumor invasive networks holds potential for both identifying early biomarkers of the aggressive transition and identification of novel agents to prevent the epithelial-mesenchymal cooperation phenotype. Epithelial-mesenchymal cooperation is likely to unveil new tumor subtypes to aid in selection of appropriate therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Harryman
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kendra D Marr
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ray B Nagle
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Anne E Cress
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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8
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HER2-CDH1 Interaction via Wnt/B-Catenin Is Associated with Patients' Survival in HER2-Positive Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051266. [PMID: 35267574 PMCID: PMC8909509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in gastric cacner (GC) pathologenesis would help the identification of prognostic biomarkers and the development of new treatments. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ErbB2), a membrane-bound receptor of the EGFR family, may be overexpressed in GC. Trastuzumab is a HER2 inhibitor used to treat HER2+ metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). The present study aims to investigate the relationship between CDH1 mRNA expression and HER2-positivity in mGC using a multiplexed gene expression profile in two series of GC patients: 38 HER2+ and HER2- mGC and 36 HER2- GC with and without metastasis. Our results revealed the relationship between CDH1 and HER2 mRNA expression in mGC via the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and identified EGF as an independent prognostic biomarker for survival. Abstract Trastuzumab is a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) inhibitor used to treat HER2+ metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). The present study aims to investigate the relationship between CDH1 mRNA expression and HER2-positivity in mGC using a multiplexed gene expression profile in two series of gastric cancer (GC): Series 1 (n = 38): HER2+ and HER2- mGC; Series 2 (n = 36) HER2- GC with and without metastasis. To confirm the results, the same expression profiles were analyzed in 354 GC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The difference in gene expression connected HER2 overexpression with canonical wingless-type (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression loss of E-cadherin (E-CAD). CDH1 mRNA expression was simultaneously associated with the rs16260-A variant and an increase in E-CAD expression. Differences in retinoic acid receptor alfa (RARA), RPL19 (coding for the 60S ribosomal L19 protein), catenin delta 1 (CTNND1), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) mRNA levels—all included in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway—were found associated with overall survival (OS). RARA, CTNND1, and EGF resulted in independent OS prognostic factors. EGF was confirmed as an independent factor along with TNM stage in HER2-overpressed mGC from TCGA collection. Our study highlighted factors involved in the WNT/β-catenin pathway that interconnected E-CAD with HER2 overexpression and patient survival.
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Öksüz Z, Üçbilek E, Serin MS, Yaraş S, Temel GÖ, Sezgin O. Possible relationship between IL28B rs12979860 and TLR2 -196 to -174 del/ins polymorphisms and the liver fibrosis stage in hepatitis C patients. Arch Virol 2022; 167:153-161. [PMID: 34817649 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that host factors play an important role in the progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) del and interleukin 28B (IL28B) T alleles can mediate liver inflammation and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, the possible relationship between the IL28B rs12979860 C/T and TLR2 -196 to -174 del/ins gene variants and different fibrosis stages and host factors in hepatitis C patients was investigated. IL28B and TLR2 polymorphisms in the blood of 50 hepatitis C patients at different stages of fibrosis (24 mild/moderate, 26 advanced) and 24 healthy controls were examined by RT-qPCR. The highest frequency of the TLR2 del (26.9%) and IL28B T (46.2%) alleles was found in hepatitis C patients with the most advanced fibrosis, and the lowest frequency was found in healthy controls. There was a statistically significant difference between hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis and healthy controls in terms of the TLR2 del (p = 0.0062) and IL28B T (p = 0.0017) allele frequencies. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the mild/moderate fibrosis and severe fibrosis patient groups in terms of genotype or IL28B and TLR2 polymorphisms (p > 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between patients with mild/moderate or advanced fibrosis who carried the TLR2 del allele together with the IL28B CT genotype and healthy controls. The present study emphasizes that the TLR2 and IL28B gene variants cannot be single biomarkers for the determination of fibrosis stage in hepatitis C infection but together can play an important role in predicting severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Öksüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Mersin University Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Enver Üçbilek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sami Serin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Mersin University Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yaraş
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gülhan Örekici Temel
- Department of Biostatistics, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Orhan Sezgin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
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10
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Xie D, Chen Y, Wan X, Li J, Pei Q, Luo Y, Liu J, Ye T. The Potential Role of CDH1 as an Oncogene Combined With Related miRNAs and Their Diagnostic Value in Breast Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:916469. [PMID: 35784532 PMCID: PMC9243438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.916469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females and the most common malignancy with high morbidity worldwide. It is imperative to develop new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early diagnosis and effective treatment in BC. METHODS We revealed the oncogene function of cadherin 1 (CDH1) via bioinformatic analysis in BC. Moreover, miRNA database was utilized to predict miRNAs upstream of CDH1. Expression of CDH1-related miRNAs in BC and their values in BC stemness and prognosis were analyzed through TCGA-BRCA datasets. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore the potential functions and signaling pathways of CDH1 in combination with CDH1-related miRNAs in BC progression. Finally, the differential expressions of soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad), which is formed by the secretion of CDH1-encoded E-cadherin into serum, analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of CDH1-related miRNAs in serum samples. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expressions of CDH1 were elevated in BC tissues compared with normal counterparts. Moreover, CDH1 overexpression was positively correlated with BC stage, metastatic, stemness characteristics, and poor prognosis among patients. In predictive analysis, miR-340, miR-185, and miR-20a target CDH1 and are highly expressed in BC. miR-20a overexpression alone was strongly associated with high stemness characteristics and poor prognosis of BC. Additionally, GO, KEGG, and hallmark effect gene set analysis demonstrated that CDH1 in combination with overexpression of miR-340, miR-185, or miR-20a participated in multiple biological processes and underly signaling pathways involving in tumorigenesis and development of BC. Finally, we provide experimental evidence that the combined determination of serum sE-cad and miR-20a in BC has highly diagnostic efficiency. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for CDH1 as an oncogene in BC and suggests that miR-20a may regulate the stemness characteristics of BC to exert a pro-oncogenic effect by regulating CDH1. Moreover, sE-cad and miR-20a in serum can both be used as valid noninvasive markers for BC diagnosis.
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11
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Dwedar FI, Shams-Eldin RS, Nayer Mohamed S, Mohammed AF, Gomaa SH. Potential value of circulatory microRNA10b gene expression and its target E-cadherin as a prognostic and metastatic prediction marker for breast cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23887. [PMID: 34264524 PMCID: PMC8373345 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Most BC studies on candidate microRNAs were tissue specimen based. Recently, there has been a focus on the study of cell‐free circulating miRNAs as promising biomarkers in (BC) diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the circulating levels of miR‐10b and its target soluble E‐ cadherin as potentially easily accessible biomarkers for breast cancer. Methods Sixty‐one breast cancer patients and forty‐eight age‐ and sex‐matched healthy volunteers serving as a control group were enrolled in the present study. Serum samples were used to assess miRNA10b expression by TaqMan miRNA assay technique. In addition, soluble E‐cadherin expression level in serum was determined using ELISA technique. Result Circulating miR‐10b expression level and serum sE‐cadherin was significantly upregulated in patients with BC compared to controls. Moreover, serum miR‐10b displayed progressive up‐regulation in advanced stages with higher level in metastatic compared to non‐metastatic BC. Additionally, the combined use of both serum miR‐10b and sE‐cadherin revealed the highest sensitivity and specificity for detection of BC metastasis (92.9% and 97.9% respectively) with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.98, 95% CI (0.958–1.00). Conclusion Our data suggest that circulating miR‐10b could be utilized as a potential non‐invasive serum biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer with better performance to predict BC metastasis achieved on measuring it simultaneously with serum sE‐cadherin. Further studies with a large cohort of patients are warranted to validate the serum biomarker for breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ibrahim Dwedar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Reham Said Shams-Eldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Nayer Mohamed
- Department of Cancer management and Research, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ayman Farouk Mohammed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Hamdi Gomaa
- Department of Chemical pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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Low Pepsinogen I/II Ratio and High Gastrin-17 Levels Typify Chronic Atrophic Autoimmune Gastritis Patients With Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 11:e00238. [PMID: 33094954 PMCID: PMC7494140 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis (CAAG) can lead to the development of gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) and can be accompanied by other autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to determine, in CAAG patients, the association of gNET development, the prevalence of autoimmune diseases other than CAAG, the association of autoimmunity, and gNET development with pepsinogen I, II, gastrin-17, and Helicobacter pylori infection analysis.
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13
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Lin JC, Wang CC, Jiang RS, Wang WY, Liu SA. Application of proximity ligation assays to identify potential plasma biomarkers in oral cavity cancer patients: A case control study. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:17-23. [PMID: 32568177 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-191195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practical cancer biomarkers for oral cavity cancer are currently in limited use. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the differences in soluble E-cadherin between patients with oral cavity cancer and matched healthy participants via Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA). METHODS Samples were taken from both patients diagnosed with oral cavity cancer, as well as non-cancerous participants. PLA was used to detect soluble E-cadherin and Cycle threshold (Ct) values derived from qPCR in order to calculate the number of starting amplicons. RESULTS In total, 74 patients with oral cavity cancer and 55 matched non-cancerous participants were included for final analysis. The Ct value of E-cadherin was found to be lower in oral cavity cancer patients when compared with that of the matched non-cancerous participants (20.72 ± 0.39 versus 21.27 ± 0.45, P< 0.001). Using a Ct value of 20.9 as a cut-off point, the sensitivity and specificity of discriminating patients with oral cavity cancer from the healthy controls was 63.5% and 87.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Plasma soluble E-cadherin levels were significantly higher in patients with oral cavity cancer when compared with those from the matched non-cancerous participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rong-San Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Wang
- Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-An Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Quality Management, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Bogdanovic A, Despotovic J, Galun D, Bidzic N, Nikolic A, Rosic J, Krivokapic Z. Prognostic Significance of CDH1, FN1 and VIM for Early Recurrence in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastasis After Liver Resection. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:163-171. [PMID: 33469360 PMCID: PMC7810589 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s287974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There are limited data on expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). The study aim was to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of E-cadherin (CDH1), fibronectin (FN1) and vimentin (VIM) in patients with CRLM after curative-intent liver resection. Patients and Methods Thirty patients with CRLM managed by curative-intent liver resection were included in this prospective pilot study. Blood samples, colorectal liver metastases and surrounding non-tumor liver tissue were collected. Expression of CDH1, FN1 and VIM was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Expression in CRLM and non-tumor liver tissue was compared, while expression in serum was correlated with CRLM expression. One-year recurrence-free survival was compared between patients with low and high CDH1, FN1 and VIM expression. Results The expression of CDH1 was similar in CRLM and non-tumor liver tissues, while FN1 and VIM expression was significantly lower in metastatic tissue (P=0.003 and pP<0.001, respectively). Serum expression of CDH1 and VIM was detected in 66.7% and 93.3% of patients, respectively, while FN1 was not detected in any of the patients. The correlation of CDH1 and VIM expression between CRLM and serum was not statistically significant. Decreased CDH1 expression in CRLM and decreased VIM expression in serum were associated with early recurrence after surgical treatment of CRLM. Conclusion Lower expression of CDH1 in CRLM and lower serum expression of VIM were found to be associated with early recurrence after liver resection for CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Bogdanovic
- HPB Unit, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia
| | - Jovana Despotovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia
| | - Danijel Galun
- HPB Unit, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Bidzic
- HPB Unit, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Nikolic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia
| | - Jovana Rosic
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia
| | - Zoran Krivokapic
- HPB Unit, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, 11 000, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia
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15
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Zeljkovic A, Mihajlovic M, Stefanovic A, Zeljkovic D, Trifunovic B, Miljkovic M, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Vekic J. Potential use of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and E-cadherin as biomarkers of colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:2078-2086. [PMID: 32929869 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Despite many efforts, reliable biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are still missing. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and E-cadherin are recognized as potential biomarkers, but their diagnostic capacity is largely unexplored in CRC. The aim of this work is to investigate IGF-1 and E-cadherin levels with respect to various characteristics of CRC and to estimate their diagnostic potential. METHOD Seventy CRC patients and 75 healthy individuals were enrolled. IGF-1 and E-cadherin were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The predictive and diagnostic capacities of IGF-1 and E-cadherin were estimated by logistic regression analysis and by determination of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). RESULTS Concentrations of IGF-1 were lower (P = 0.019) while levels of E-cadherin were higher (P < 0.001) in CRC patients than in controls. IGF-1 concentration decreased in parallel with age and progression of CRC (P = 0.023). Also, IGF-1 was higher in men with CRC than in women (P = 0.003). E-cadherin levels were unaffected by variations in either anthropometric characteristics of CRC patients, or localization, grade and stage of the tumour. Both IGF-1 and E-cadherin were independently associated with CRC (P = 0.040; P < 0.001, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy of IGF-1 was estimated as acceptable (AUC = 0.757; P < 0.001), while the diagnostic accuracy of E-cadherin was outstanding (AUC = 0.954; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Decreased IGF-1 and increased E-cadherin levels were found in CRC patients. IGF-1, but not E-cadherin, concentrations differed according to age, gender and stage of CRC. Both markers were independently associated with the presence of the disease, while E-cadherin demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Zeljkovic
- Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - B Trifunovic
- Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - J Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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A novel FRET peptide assay reveals efficient Helicobacter pylori HtrA inhibition through zinc and copper binding. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10563. [PMID: 32601479 PMCID: PMC7324608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) secretes the chaperone and serine protease high temperature requirement A (HtrA) that cleaves gastric epithelial cell surface proteins to disrupt the epithelial integrity and barrier function. First inhibitory lead structures have demonstrated the essential role of HtrA in H. pylori physiology and pathogenesis. Comprehensive drug discovery techniques allowing high-throughput screening are now required to develop effective compounds. Here, we designed a novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) peptide derived from a gel-based label-free proteomic approach (direct in-gel profiling of protease specificity) as a valuable substrate for H. pylori HtrA. Since serine proteases are often sensitive to metal ions, we investigated the influence of different divalent ions on the activity of HtrA. We identified Zn++ and Cu++ ions as inhibitors of H. pylori HtrA activity, as monitored by in vitro cleavage experiments using casein or E-cadherin as substrates and in the FRET peptide assay. Putative binding sites for Zn++ and Cu++ were then analyzed in thermal shift and microscale thermophoresis assays. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of novel metal ion-dependent protease inhibitors, which might help to fight bacterial infections.
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17
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Zhu S, Zhao G, Zhao X, Zhan X, Cai M, Geng C, Pu Q, Zhao Q, Fu Q, Huang C, Wang Q. Elevated soluble E-cadherin during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and as a diagnostic marker in colorectal cancer. Gene 2020; 754:144899. [PMID: 32544494 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Soluble E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) is a peptide degradation product of the E-cadherin, a key epithelial molecule of EMT. However, it is not known if elevated levels of sE-cadherin also occur during EMT. And the study of sE-cadherin in colorectal cancer is rare. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between sE-cadherin and EMT in CRC and to evaluate the diagnostic value of sE-cadherin as a serum marker for CRC. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was used to induce EMT in HT29 and SW480 cells. The cells treated with TGF-β1 showed morphological and biological behavior changes consistent with EMT. Western blot and ELISA showed the levels of sE-cadherin were increased during EMT in CRC cells. In addition, we intravenously injected luciferase-labeled SW480 cells into nude mice to construct CRC metastasis model. Following the elongation of time, the fluorescence intensity of the experimental group was gradually increased. Correspondingly, the serum concentration of sE-cadherin also increased during CRC metastasis in mice. Furthermore, compared to healthy subjects, significantly higher levels of serum sE-cadherin were also observed in CRC patients and correlated with clinicopathological features. For discriminating CRC from healthy controls, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of sE-cadherin was 0.853, while the optimal cut-off point was set at 5928.16 ng/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity was 73.9% and the specificity was 80%. Compared with current commercial biomarkers (CEA, CA19-9 and CA125), the diagnostic performance of sE-cadherin was highest. Combined sE-cadherin and CEA raised the sensitivity to 82.4%. Serum sE-cadherin level can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Meijuan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Congcong Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qian Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qingsong Fu
- Medical Experimental Center, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Chunxiao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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18
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Baj J, Brzozowska K, Forma A, Maani A, Sitarz E, Portincasa P. Immunological Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2544. [PMID: 32268527 PMCID: PMC7177728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative, microaerophilic pathogen often results in gastric cancer in a subset of affected individuals. This explains why H. pylori is the only bacterium classified as a class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization. Several studies have pinpointed mechanisms by which H. pylori alters signaling pathways in the host cell to cause diseases. In this article, the authors have reviewed 234 studies conducted over a span of 18 years (2002-2020). The studies investigated the various mechanisms associated with gastric cancer induction. For the past 1.5 years, researchers have discovered new mechanisms contributing to gastric cancer linked to H. pylori etiology. Alongside alteration of the host signaling pathways using oncogenic CagA pathways, H. pylori induce DNA damage in the host and alter the methylation of DNA as a means of perturbing downstream signaling. Also, with H. pylori, several pathways in the host cell are activated, resulting in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), together with the induction of cell proliferation and survival. Studies have shown that H. pylori enhances gastric carcinogenesis via a multifactorial approach. What is intriguing is that most of the targeted mechanisms and pathways appear common with various forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Karolina Brzozowska
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Amr Maani
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Sitarz
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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19
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Venhuizen JH, Jacobs FJ, Span PN, Zegers MM. P120 and E-cadherin: Double-edged swords in tumor metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:107-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Devaux CA, Mezouar S, Mege JL. The E-Cadherin Cleavage Associated to Pathogenic Bacteria Infections Can Favor Bacterial Invasion and Transmigration, Dysregulation of the Immune Response and Cancer Induction in Humans. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2598. [PMID: 31781079 PMCID: PMC6857109 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Once bound to the epithelium, pathogenic bacteria have to cross epithelial barriers to invade their human host. In order to achieve this goal, they have to destroy the adherens junctions insured by cell adhesion molecules (CAM), such as E-cadherin (E-cad). The invasive bacteria use more or less sophisticated mechanisms aimed to deregulate CAM genes expression or to modulate the cell-surface expression of CAM proteins, which are otherwise rigorously regulated by a molecular crosstalk essential for homeostasis. Apart from the repression of CAM genes, a drastic decrease in adhesion molecules on human epithelial cells can be obtained by induction of eukaryotic endoproteases named sheddases or through synthesis of their own (prokaryotic) sheddases. Cleavage of CAM by sheddases results in the release of soluble forms of CAM. The overexpression of soluble CAM in body fluids can trigger inflammation and pro-carcinogenic programming leading to tumor induction and metastasis. In addition, the reduction of the surface expression of E-cad on epithelia could be accompanied by an alteration of the anti-bacterial and anti-tumoral immune responses. This immune response dysfunction is likely to occur through the deregulation of immune cells homing, which is controlled at the level of E-cad interaction by surface molecules αE integrin (CD103) and lectin receptor KLRG1. In this review, we highlight the central role of CAM cell-surface expression during pathogenic microbial invasion, with a particular focus on bacterial-induced cleavage of E-cad. We revisit herein the rapidly growing body of evidence indicating that high levels of soluble E-cad (sE-cad) in patients’ sera could serve as biomarker of bacterial-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Devaux
- IRD, MEPHI, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,CNRS, Institute of Biological Science (INSB), Marseille, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- IRD, MEPHI, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- IRD, MEPHI, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Mediterranee Infection, Marseille, France.,APHM, UF Immunology Department, Marseille, France
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21
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Kahtan Al-Bayaty M, Abdul-Rudha Abass S, Faraj Al-Marjani M. E-Cadherin Protein as a Potential Marker for Gastric Cancer and Its Association with Helicobacter Pylori- Induced Gastritis and Gastric Ulcer. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 8:269-277. [PMID: 32274399 PMCID: PMC7103084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is still the main health threat being the third leading cause of deaths from cancers in the world. The major risk behind the gastric cancer is that it remains asymptomatic in the early stages and in (97%) cases it metastasizes to other organs. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease in which Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been known as a risk factor. However, patients with gastritis, especially atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer have been shown to be at an increased risk for developing gastric cancer. METHODS This study included measuring the serum levels of E-Cadherin protein, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 30 patients diagnosed with gastritis, 20 gastric ulcer patients, 20 gastric cancer patients and in 20 healthy volunteers serving as the control group. RESULTS Infection with H. pylori was diagnosed by serology (IgA and IgG antibodies) as well as by rapid urease test (RUT) and histology. The results showed that 50 (71.4%) of the patients were positive for H. pylori. Levels of E-Cadherin were increased significantly in all patients in comparison to the control group with a large significant increase in the gastric cancer group. The levels of E-Cadherin were also significantly increased in H. pylori infected patients compared to H. pylori negative patients. A non-significant difference in the levels of CA19-9 and CEA was observed in all patients in comparison to healthy controls. CONCLUSION This study concluded that serum E-Cadherin could be considered as a potential marker in diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Yu K, Xiang L, Li S, Wang S, Chen C, Mu H. HIF1α promotes prostate cancer progression by increasing ATG5 expression. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:326-334. [PMID: 31700698 PMCID: PMC6830197 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2019.1658637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men. However, the major modifiable risk factors for PCa are poorly known and its specific mechanism of progression remains unclear. Here we reported that, in prostate cancer cells, the autophagy level was elevated under hypoxic condition, as well as the mRNA and protein level of ATG5, which is an important gene related to autophagy. Furthermore, we found HIF1α could directly bind to the promoter of ATG5 and promote the expression of ATG5 on transcriptional level by luciferase assay and ChIP assay. Intriguingly, overexpression of HIF1α by HIF1α-M could increase tumor size and the effect could be abolished by knockdown ATG5 by si-ATG5 in BALB/cA-nu/nu nude mice. Importantly, HIF1α could also promote the metastasis of PC-3 cells by upregulating the ATG5 and autophagy level and knockdown ATG5 and inhibition autophagy both could abolish the effect of overexpression of HIF1α on the migration of PC-3 cells. Taken together, our results, for the first time, proved that HIF1α could promote the proliferation and migration of PC-3 cells by direct upregulating ATG5 and autophagy level in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Our findings not only provide new perspective for the relationship between hypoxia and autophagy, but also add new potential therapeutic regimens for the treatment of prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Luxia Xiang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxun Li
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaibin Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohao Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqi Mu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, People's Republic of China
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23
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Scott LE, Weinberg SH, Lemmon CA. Mechanochemical Signaling of the Extracellular Matrix in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:135. [PMID: 31380370 PMCID: PMC6658819 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a critical process in embryonic development in which epithelial cells undergo a transdifferentiation into mesenchymal cells. This process is essential for tissue patterning and organization, and it has also been implicated in a wide array of pathologies. While the intracellular signaling pathways that regulate EMT are well-understood, there is increasing evidence that the mechanical properties and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) also play a key role in regulating EMT. In turn, EMT drives changes in the mechanics and composition of the ECM, creating a feedback loop that is tightly regulated in healthy tissues, but is often dysregulated in disease. Here we present a review that summarizes our understanding of how ECM mechanics and composition regulate EMT, and how in turn EMT alters ECM mechanics and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis E Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Christopher A Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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24
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Mezouar S, Omar Osman I, Melenotte C, Slimani C, Chartier C, Raoult D, Mege JL, Devaux CA. High Concentrations of Serum Soluble E-Cadherin in Patients With Q Fever. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:219. [PMID: 31293984 PMCID: PMC6598114 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherins switching is a hallmark of neoplasic processes. The E-cadherin (E-cad) subtype is one of the surface molecules regulating cell-to-cell adhesion. After its cleavage by sheddases, a soluble fragment (sE-cad) is released that has been identified as a pro-carcinogenic inflammatory signal in several bacteria-induced cancers. Recently we reported that Q fever, a disease due to Coxiella burnetii infection, can be complicated by occurrence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Therefore, we studied E-cad switching in Q fever. The sE-cad levels were found increased in the sera of acute and persistent Q fever patients, whereas they remained at the baseline in controls groups of healthy donors, people cured of Q fever, patients suffering from unrelated inflammatory diseases, and past Q fever patients who developed NHL. These results indicate that sE-cad can be considered as a new biomarker of C. burnetii infection rather than a marker of NHL-associated to Q fever. We wondered if changes in sE-cad reflected variations in the CDH1 gene transcription. The expression of E-cad mRNA and its intracellular ligand β-catenin was down-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with either acute or persistent forms of Q fever. Indeed, a lower cell-surface expression of E-cad was measured in a minority (<5%) subpopulation of HLADR+/CD16+ monocytes from patients with acute Q fever. However, a very strong increase in E-cad expression was observed on more than 30% of the HLADR+/CD16+ monocytes of persistent Q fever patients, a cell subpopulation known to be a target for C. burnetii in humans. An experimental in vitro infection of healthy donors' PBMCs with C. burnetii, was performed to directly evaluate the link between C. burnetii interaction with PBMCs and their E-cad expression. A significant increase in the percentage of HLADR+/CD16+ monocytes expressing E-cad was measured after PBMCs had been incubated for 8 h with C. burnetii Nine Mile strain. Altogether, these data demonstrate that C. burnetii severely impairs the E-cad expression in circulating cells of Q fever patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mezouar
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ikram Omar Osman
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Cléa Melenotte
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Camélia Slimani
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Céline Chartier
- APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UF Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UF Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Christian A Devaux
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,CNRS, Marseille, France
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25
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Singh M, Tian XJ, Donnenberg VS, Watson AM, Zhang J, Stabile LP, Watkins SC, Xing J, Sant S. Targeting the Temporal Dynamics of Hypoxia-Induced Tumor-Secreted Factors Halts Tumor Migration. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2962-2977. [PMID: 30952634 PMCID: PMC6548579 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeting microenvironmental factors that foster migratory cell phenotypes is a promising strategy for halting tumor migration. However, lack of mechanistic understanding of the emergence of migratory phenotypes impedes pharmaceutical drug development. Using our three-dimensional microtumor model with tight control over tumor size, we recapitulated the tumor size-induced hypoxic microenvironment and emergence of migratory phenotypes in microtumors from epithelial breast cells and patient-derived primary metastatic breast cancer cells, mesothelioma cells, and lung cancer xenograft cells. The microtumor models from various patient-derived tumor cells and patient-derived xenograft cells revealed upregulation of tumor-secreted factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), fibronectin (FN), and soluble E-cadherin, consistent with clinically reported elevated levels of FN and MMP9 in patient breast tumors compared with healthy mammary glands. Secreted factors in the conditioned media of large microtumors induced a migratory phenotype in nonhypoxic, nonmigratory small microtumors. Subsequent mathematical analyses identified a two-stage microtumor progression and migration mechanism whereby hypoxia induces a migratory phenotype in the initialization stage, which then becomes self-sustained through a positive feedback loop established among the tumor-secreted factors. Computational and experimental studies showed that inhibition of tumor-secreted factors effectively halts microtumor migration despite tumor-to-tumor variation in migration kinetics, while inhibition of hypoxia is effective only within a time window and is compromised by tumor-to-tumor variation, supporting our notion that hypoxia initiates migratory phenotypes but does not sustain it. In summary, we show that targeting temporal dynamics of evolving microenvironments, especially tumor-secreted factors during tumor progression, can halt tumor migration. SIGNIFICANCE: This study uses state-of-the-art three-dimensional microtumor models and computational approaches to highlight the temporal dynamics of tumor-secreted microenvironmental factors in inducing tumor migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjulata Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiao-Jun Tian
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Vera S Donnenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, and UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan M Watson
- Center for Biologic Imaging, Center for Vaccine Research, and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - JingYu Zhang
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura P Stabile
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging and the Department of Cellular Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jianhua Xing
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shilpa Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, and McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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26
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Tsaur I, Hüsch T, Jüngel E, Schneider F, Schneider M, Haferkamp A, Thomas C, Lieb V, Wach S, Taubert H, Chun FKH, Blaheta RA. sE-cadherin is upregulated in serum of patients with renal cell carcinoma and promotes tumor cell dissemination in vitro. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:355.e1-355.e9. [PMID: 31005422 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cadherin family proteins are involved in the tumorigenesis of several malignancies. However, their significance in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been extensively investigated. The current study investigates the potential of several cadherins to perform as biomarkers for tumor detection and exert functional RCC activity. METHODS Pre- and postoperative concentrations of sE-cadherin, cadherin-6, N-cadherin, cadherin-11, cadherin-17, and cadherin-5 were measured in serum of patients undergoing surgery for RCC and correlated to clinical and histopathological parameters. Control serum was obtained from healthy volunteers. A498 and Caki-1 cells were incubated with sE-cadherin and assessed for cell growth, adhesion, and chemotaxis. RESULTS sE-cadherin was significantly upregulated in RCC patients, as compared to controls, and discriminated them with striking accuracy (area under the curve value 0.83). Serum levels remained stable several days after surgery. Treating A498 and Caki-1 cancer cells with various concentrations of sE-cadherin attenuated cell growth and adhesion, while chemotaxis was augmented. CONCLUSIONS sE-cadherin is overexpressed in serum of RCC patients and provides a functional cellular switch from sessility to aggressive dissemination. While sE-cadherin is not tumor-specific and thus inappropriate for population-based screening, further studies are warranted to investigate its role in monitoring RCC and employing it as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tsaur
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany; University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Hüsch
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany; University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Eva Jüngel
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Meike Schneider
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena Lieb
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix K-H Chun
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Frankfurt, Germany
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27
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Xiao Q, Chen T, Wu Y, Wu W, Xu Y, Gong Z, Chen S. MicroRNA‑675‑3p promotes esophageal squamous cell cancer cell migration and invasion. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3631-3640. [PMID: 30106155 PMCID: PMC6131498 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer ranks fourth in cancer-associated mortality in China and the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has risen dramatically over the past two decades. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) serves a pivotal role in human cancer cell growth, invasion and migration. MiR-675-3p is highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissues, and may have an influence on ESCC cell migration and invasion. ESCC tumor tissue samples from 35 patients were profiled. MiR-675-3p expression was confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Manipulation of miR-675-3p via knockdown was carried out with subsequent evaluation of effects on cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and use of western blotting and ELISA assays. MiR-675-3p was overexpressed in ESCC tissues compared with normal tissues, and had higher expression levels in ESCC cells compared with the healthy esophageal epithelial cell line. The results revealed a predominant upregulation of cell migration and invasion ability. MiR-675-3p inhibitor inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. It was also demonstrated that downregulation of miR-675-3p decreased the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 and increased the level of E-cadherin. In addition, the effects of miR-675-3p inhibitor on ESCC cell lines were eliminated by con-transfection with miR-675-3p inhibitor and miR-675-3p mimic. In conclusion, the results indicated that miR-675-3p may be involved in the progression of ESCC through regulating ESCC cell migration and invasion capacity via modulating epithelial mesenchymal transition markers (MMP2, MMP 9 and E-cadherin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Tianming Chen
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wu
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiu Wu
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Yandi Xu
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Zhunan Gong
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Backert S, Bernegger S, Skórko-Glonek J, Wessler S. Extracellular HtrA serine proteases: An emerging new strategy in bacterial pathogenesis. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12845. [PMID: 29582532 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The HtrA family of chaperones and serine proteases is important for regulating stress responses and controlling protein quality in the periplasm of bacteria. HtrA is also associated with infectious diseases since inactivation of htrA genes results in significantly reduced virulence properties by various bacterial pathogens. These virulence features of HtrA can be attributed to reduced fitness of the bacteria, higher susceptibility to environmental stress and/or diminished secretion of virulence factors. In some Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens, HtrA itself can be exposed to the extracellular environment promoting bacterial colonisation and invasion of host tissues. Most of our knowledge on the function of exported HtrAs stems from research on Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bacillus anthracis, and Chlamydia species. Here, we discuss recent progress showing that extracellular HtrAs are able to cleave cell-to-cell junction factors including E-cadherin, occludin, and claudin-8, as well as extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, aggrecan, and proteoglycans, disrupting the epithelial barrier and producing substantial host cell damage. We propose that the export of HtrAs is a newly discovered strategy, also applied by additional bacterial pathogens. Consequently, exported HtrA proteases represent highly attractive targets for antibacterial treatment by inhibiting their proteolytic activity or application in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Bernegger
- Department of Biosciences, Division of Microbiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joanna Skórko-Glonek
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Silja Wessler
- Department of Biosciences, Division of Microbiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Caggiari L, Miolo G, Buonadonna A, Basile D, Santeufemia DA, Cossu A, Palmieri G, De Zorzi M, Fornasarig M, Alessandrini L, Canzonieri V, Lo Re G, Puglisi F, Steffan A, Cannizzaro R, De Re V. Characterizing Metastatic HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer at the CDH1 Haplotype. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E47. [PMID: 29295527 PMCID: PMC5795997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The CDH1 gene, coding for the E-cadherin protein, is linked to gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility and tumor invasion. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is amplified and overexpressed in a portion of GC. HER2 is an established therapeutic target in metastatic GC (mGC). Trastuzumab, in combination with various chemotherapeutic agents, is a standard treatment for these tumors leading to outcome improvement. Unfortunately, the survival benefit is limited to a fraction of patients. The aim of this study was to improve knowledge of the HER2 and the E-cadherin alterations in the context of GC to characterize subtypes of patients that could better benefit from targeted therapy. An association between the P7-CDH1 haplotype, including two polymorphisms (rs16260A-rs1801552T) and a subset of HER2-positive mGC with better prognosis was observed. Results indicated the potential evaluation of CDH1 haplotypes in mGC to stratify patients that will benefit from trastuzumab-based treatments. Moreover, data may have implications to understanding the HER2 and the E-cadherin interactions in vivo and in response to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Caggiari
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Gianmaria Miolo
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS, CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Angela Buonadonna
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS, CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Debora Basile
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS, CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Oncology, University of Udine, 0432 Udine, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Cossu
- Operative Unit of Pathology Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Palmieri
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Cancer Genetics Unit, C.N.R., 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Mariangela De Zorzi
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Mara Fornasarig
- Gastroenterology, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Lara Alessandrini
- Pathology, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | | | - Giovanni Lo Re
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, 33170 Pordenone, Italy.
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS, CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Oncology, University of Udine, 0432 Udine, Italy.
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Renato Cannizzaro
- Gastroenterology, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Valli De Re
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
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Matos ML, Lapyckyj L, Rosso M, Besso MJ, Mencucci MV, Briggiler CIM, Giustina S, Furlong LI, Vazquez-Levin MH. Identification of a Novel Human E-Cadherin Splice Variant and Assessment of Its Effects Upon EMT-Related Events. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1368-1386. [PMID: 27682981 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial Cadherin (E-cadherin) is involved in calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction. The E-cadherin decrease/loss is a hallmark of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), a key event in tumor progression. The underlying molecular mechanisms that trigger E-cadherin loss and consequent EMT have not been completely elucidated. This study reports the identification of a novel human E-cadherin variant mRNA produced by alternative splicing. A bioinformatics evaluation of the novel mRNA sequence and biochemical verifications suggest its regulation by Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay (NMD). The novel E-cadherin variant was detected in 29/42 (69%) human tumor cell lines, expressed at variable levels (E-cadherin variant expression relative to the wild type mRNA = 0.05-11.6%). Stable transfection of the novel E-cadherin variant in MCF-7 cells (MCF7Ecadvar) resulted in downregulation of wild type E-cadherin expression (transcript/protein) and EMT-related changes, among them acquisition of a fibroblastic-like cell phenotype, increased expression of Twist, Snail, Zeb1, and Slug transcriptional repressors and decreased expression of ESRP1 and ESRP2 RNA binding proteins. Moreover, loss of cytokeratins and gain of vimentin, N-cadherin and Dysadherin/FXYD5 proteins was observed. Dramatic changes in cell behavior were found in MCF7Ecadvar, as judged by the decreased cell-cell adhesion (Hanging-drop assay), increased cell motility (Wound Healing) and increased cell migration (Transwell) and invasion (Transwell w/Matrigel). Some changes were found in MCF-7 cells incubated with culture medium supplemented with conditioned medium from HEK-293 cells transfected with the E-cadherin variant mRNA. Further characterization of the novel E-cadherin variant will help understanding the molecular basis of tumor progression and improve cancer diagnosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1368-1386, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Matos
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lara Lapyckyj
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Rosso
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Besso
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Mencucci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Clara Isabel Marín Briggiler
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Giustina
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Inés Furlong
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Hebe Vazquez-Levin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME). National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). Fundación IBYME, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Wu Z, Li Y, Li Z, Liu Z, Qin Z, Li X, Ye Y, Bu L, Lin B, Wang Z, Jia G, Chen G. Transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin by small activating RNA: A new double-stranded RNA. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1620-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Antibiotic-Driven Dysbiosis Mediates Intraluminal Agglutination and Alternative Segregation of Enterococcus faecium from the Intestinal Epithelium. mBio 2015; 6:e01346-15. [PMID: 26556272 PMCID: PMC4659461 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01346-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is a complex ecosystem of bacterial communities that continuously interact with the mucosal immune system. In a healthy host, the mucosal immune system maintains homeostasis in the intestine and prevents invasion of pathogenic bacteria, a phenomenon termed colonization resistance. Antibiotics create dysbiosis of microbiota, thereby decreasing colonization resistance and facilitating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Here we describe how cephalosporin antibiotics create dysbiosis in the mouse large intestine, allowing intestinal outgrowth of antimicrobial-resistant Enterococcus faecium. This is accompanied by a reduction of the mucus-associated gut microbiota layer, colon wall, and Muc-2 mucus layer. E. faecium agglutinates intraluminally in an extracellular matrix consisting of secretory IgA (sIgA), polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), and epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) proteins, thereby maintaining spatial segregation of E. faecium from the intestinal wall. Addition of recombinant E-cadherin and pIgR proteins or purified IgA to enterococci in vitro mimics agglutination of E. faeciumin vivo. Also, the Ca2+ levels temporarily increased by 75% in feces of antibiotic-treated mice, which led to deformation of E-cadherin adherens junctions between colonic intestinal epithelial cells and release of E-cadherin as an extracellular matrix entrapping E. faecium. These findings indicate that during antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, the intestinal epithelium stays separated from an invading pathogen through an extracellular matrix in which sIgA, pIgR, and E-cadherin are colocalized. Future mucosal vaccination strategies to control E. faecium or other opportunistic pathogens may prevent multidrug-resistant infections, hospital transmission, and outbreaks. Infections with antibiotic-resistant enterococci are an emerging worldwide problem because enterococci are resistant to most of the antibiotics used in hospitals. During antibiotic treatment, the normal bacteria are replaced by resistant enterococci within the gut, from which they can spread and cause infections. We studied antibiotic-mediated intestinal proliferation of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium and the effects on intestinal architecture. We demonstrated that antibiotics allow proliferation of E. faecium in the gut, alter the mucus-associated gut bacterial layer, and reduce the colon wall, mucus thickness, and amount of Muc-2 protein. E. faecium is agglutinated in the intestine in a matrix consisting of host molecules. We hypothesize that this matrix maintains a segregation of E. faecium from the epithelium. Understanding the processes that occur in the gut during antibiotic treatment may provide clues for future mucosal vaccination strategies to control E. faecium or other multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens, thereby preventing infections, hospital transmission, and outbreaks.
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Tsaur I, Thurn K, Juengel E, Gust KM, Borgmann H, Mager R, Bartsch G, Oppermann E, Ackermann H, Nelson K, Haferkamp A, Blaheta RA. sE-cadherin serves as a diagnostic and predictive parameter in prostate cancer patients. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:43. [PMID: 25967040 PMCID: PMC4490684 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) advanced the diagnostic and prognostic potential for prostate cancer (PCa). However, due to PSA's lack of specificity, novel biomarkers are needed to improve risk assessment and ensure optimal personalized therapy. A set of protein molecules as potential biomarkers was therefore evaluated in serum of PCa patients. METHODS Serum samples from patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RPE) for biopsy-proven PCa without neoadjuvant treatment were compared to serum samples from healthy subjects. Preliminary screening of 119 proteins in 10 PCa patients and 10 controls was carried out by the Proteome Profiler Antibody Array. Those markers showing distinct differences between patients and controls were then further evaluated by ELISA in the serum of 165 PCa patients and 19 controls. Uni- and multivariate as well as correlation analysis were performed to test the capability of these molecules to detect disease and predict pathological outcome. RESULTS Screening showed that soluble (s)E-cadherin, E-selectin, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, Galectin and Clusterin warranted further evaluation. sE-Cadherin, TIMP1, Galectin and Clusterin were significantly over- and MMP9 under-expressed in PCa compared to controls. The concentration of sE-cadherin, MMP2 and Clusterin correlated negatively and that of MMP9 and TIMP1 positively with the Gleason Sum at prostatectomy. Only sE-cadherin significantly correlated with the highest Gleason pattern. Compared to serum PSA, sE-cadherin provided an independent and better matching predictive ability for discriminating PCas with an upgrade at RPE and aggressive tumors with a Gleason Sum ≥7. CONCLUSIONS sE-cadherin performed most favorably from a large panel of serum proteins in terms of diagnostic and predictive potential in curatively treatable PCa. sE-cadherin merits further investigation as a biomarker for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Kristina Thurn
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Kilian M Gust
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Borgmann
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Rene Mager
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Georg Bartsch
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Elsie Oppermann
- Department of Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Hanns Ackermann
- Institute for Biostatistics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Karen Nelson
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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