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Ferreira CM, Reis NDD, Castro ADO, Höfelmann DA, Kodaira K, Silva MT, Galvao TF. Prevalence of childhood obesity in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97:490-499. [PMID: 33577757 PMCID: PMC9432074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of childhood obesity in Brazil by means of a systematic review of representative studies. SOURCES We searched for population-based studies that assessed obesity in Brazilian children aged < 10 years in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and other sources up to September, 2019. Paired researchers selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of these studies. Meta-analysis of prevalence and confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated, weighted by the population sizes using Freeman-Tukey double-arccosine transformation. Heterogeneity (I2) and publication bias were investigated by meta-regression and Egger's test, respectively. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS 53 studies were included (n = 122,395), which were held from 1986 to 2015 and limited mainly due to inadequate response rates. Prevalence of obesity in the three-decade period was of 8.2% ([95% CI]: 8.1-8.4%, I2 = 98.5%). Higher prevalence was observed in boys (9.7% [9.4-9.9%], I2 = 97.4%) than girls (7.3% [7.1-7.5%], I2 = 96.1%). Prevalence increased according to the decade (1990: 6.5% [6.0-7.0 %], I2 = 96.8%; 2000: 7.9% [7.7-8.0 %], I2 = 98.8%; 2010: 12.0% [11.5-12.6 %], I2 = 95.8%), and Brazilian region (Northeast: 6.4% [6.2-6.7%], I2 = 98.1%; North: 6.7% [6.3-7.2%], I2 = 98.8%; Southeast:10.6% [10.2-11.0%], I2 = 98.2%; South: 10.1 [9.7-10.4%], I2 = 97.7%). Heterogeneity was affected by age and region (p < 0.05) and publication bias was discarded (p = 0.746). CONCLUSION For every 100 Brazilian children, over eight had obesity in the three-decade period and 12 in each 100 had childhood obesity in more recent estimates. Higher prevalence occurred in boys, recent decades and more developed Brazilian regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natália Dutra Dos Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kátia Kodaira
- Universidade de Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tolentino Silva
- Universidade de Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Tais Freire Galvao
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Jari Alshumrani M, Yousef Alhazmi A, Baloush SA, Aljohani SO, Almutairi WT. The Association Between High Body Mass Index and Technology Use Among Female Elementary School Students. Cureus 2020; 12:e11903. [PMID: 33415054 PMCID: PMC7781876 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity among children are progressively turning into global issues. Numerous factors have been linked to the proliferation of pediatric obesity. However, there are still questions as to whether the corresponding proliferation in the use of technology could be linked to the increase in body mass index (BMI) among children. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between high BMI in female elementary school-age children and time spent using electronic devices. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted across three female elementary schools located in Jeddah between 2017 and 2018. All schools which are affiliated with the Ministry of National Guard in Jeddah were included. Demographic data, school performance, sleep routine, physical activity, parents' beliefs, and family demographic data were collected from the legal custodian of the children. The research group visited schools to obtain children's BMI measurements. Results The number of participants who responded to the survey was 681. The results showed that the increase in BMI was non-significantly linked with the period spent using electronic devices, the use of electronic devices before sleep, nor the kind of device used. However, there was a significant association between high BMI and one type of electronic device: the television. There was a significant association between high BMI and the denial by parents that their children were obese. Furthermore, 50% of children were obese while 92.9% of overweight children's parents did not believe that there was a problem with the weight of their children. Conclusion There is no significant association between screen time spent on electronic devices and high BMI among female elementary school-age children. However, lack of physical activity, fast food consumption, and genetic predispositions are still major contributing factors for childhood obesity and overweight. Nearly all parents of children who are overweight did not perceive their children as being overweight, which brings to the fore the subject of lack of awareness about childhood obesity among parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesbah Jari Alshumrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amal Yousef Alhazmi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Samar A Baloush
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Shahad O Aljohani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Wejdan T Almutairi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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Santos JLF, Valério VP, Fernandes RN, Duarte L, Assumpção AC, Guerreiro J, Sickler AL, Lemos ÁAR, Goulart Filho JG, Cesar LAM, Pinto IM, Magalhães C, Hussid MF, Camacho C, Avezum A, Sangaleti CT, Consolim-Colombo FM. Waist Circumference Percentiles and Cut-Off Values for Obesity in a Large Sample of Students from 6 To 10 Years Old Of The São Paulo State, Brazil. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:530-537. [PMID: 32267326 PMCID: PMC7792724 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamento A prevalência da obesidade vem aumentando sistematicamente na população, inclusive nas crianças e adolescentes, ao redor do mundo. Objetivos Descrever curvas percentílicas de referência para a circunferência abdominal (CA) nas crianças brasileiras e fornecer pontos de corte da CA para identificar crianças com risco de obesidade. Métodos Um estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, tranversal foi realizado em crianças com idades entre 6 e 10 anos, matriculadas no ensino fundamental de escolas públicas e particulares de 13 cidades do estado de São Paulo. A estatura, o peso e a CA foram medidos em duplicata em 22.000 crianças (11.199 meninos). Para estabelecer o melhor ponto de corte da CA para o diagnóstico da obesidade, foram calculadas curvas ROC com crianças classificadas como com peso normal e obesas, de acordo com as curvas do IMC, estratificadas por gênero e idade, e o índice Youden foi utilizado como a eficácia potencial máxima desse biomarcador. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados Os valores da CA aumentaram com a idade, tanto nos meninos quanto nas meninas. A prevalência de obesidade em cada grupo variou de 17% (6 anos de idade) a 21,6 % (9 anos de idade), dentre os meninos, e de 14,1% (7 anos de idade) a 17,3 % (9 anos de idade), dentre as meninas. As análises ROC mostraram o percentil 75 como ponto de corte para o risco de obesidade, e o diagnóstico de obesidade está classificado no percentil 85 ou acima. Conclusão Curvas de referência da CA específicas para idade e sexo em crianças brasileiras e pontos de corte para o risco de obesidade podem ser usados em triagem nacional e estudos intervencionais para reduzir a carga da obesidade no Brasil. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(3):530-537)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ligia Duarte
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Jayme Guerreiro
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Antonio L Sickler
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Álvaro A R Lemos
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alvaro Avezum
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Carine T Sangaleti
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - Enfermagem, Guarapuava, PR - Brasil
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de Figueiredo Ferreira M, de Souza Mezzavilla R, Vasconcellos de Barros Vianna G, Quaresma Paolino L, Serrão Lanzillotti H, Lindsay AC, Hasselmann MH. Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165814. [PMID: 32796737 PMCID: PMC7459806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian version (Rio de Janeiro) of the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire (CFSQ) among caregivers of children aged 3 to 6 years enrolled in a family health service in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The cross-cultural adaptation process included the following phases: (1) literature review; (2) translation and back-translation of the instrument; (3) assessment of semantic equivalence through cognitive interviews with caregivers; (4) discussion with experts; (5) pretesting of the revised version; and (6) assessment of psychometric characteristics, including reliability and validity of the scale. Results showed the appropriateness of the caregiver's feeding styles concept within the Brazilian culture and that the instrument was understandable to caregivers enrolled in a family health service. The CFSQ measurements showed perfect intra-observer reliability for "demandingness" and almost perfect for "responsiveness". Inter-observer reliability was almost perfect for both dimensions, "demandingness" and "responsiveness". Factor analysis of the Brazilian CFSQ version proposed an instrument with one dimension and 13 items. The satisfactory results of the cross-cultural adaptation of the CFSQ suggest its applicability in the population of interest with the possible reduction of some scale items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Figueiredo Ferreira
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Raquel de Souza Mezzavilla
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Gabriela Vasconcellos de Barros Vianna
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Leticia Quaresma Paolino
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Haydée Serrão Lanzillotti
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Ana Cristina Lindsay
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02906, USA;
| | - Maria Helena Hasselmann
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil; (M.d.F.F.); (R.d.S.M.); (G.V.d.B.V.); (L.Q.P.); (H.S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Barbosa LMDA, Arruda IKGD, Canuto R, Lira PICD, Monteiro JS, Freitas DL, Paula WKASD, Batista Filho M. Prevalence and factors associated with excess weight in adolescents in a low-income neighborhood - Northeast, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042019000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to study the prevalence of excess weight and associated factors among adolescents from a low-income neighborhood located in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Methods: cross-sectional study, in which behavioral, socioeconomic and demographic information was collected from June to December 2014. Excess weight was calculated based on body mass index for age and the cut-off points, by the World Health Organization (2007). To analyze associations between predictor variables and the outcome, multivariate data analysis was performed following the Poisson Regression (Prevalence Ratio - PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: twenty-five adolescents participated in the study, with a prevalence of 36.4% of excess weight: 20.4% overweight (95%CI=15.1-25.7) and 16.0% obesity (95%CI= 11.2-20.8), predominantly in female gender (42.5%; p=0.031). The outcome was associated with internet access (PR=1.20; 95%CI=1.01-1.43), the number of people in the family (PR= 1.12; 95%CI=1.01-1.28) and screen time (PR=1.13; 95%CI=1.01-1.27), but only in male gender. Conclusions: the prevalence found was higher than that of other national researches, especially for the female gender. In the male gender, not having internet access, a lesser number of family members and a longer screen time proved to be factors associated with being excess weight.
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Cruz NRC, Cardoso PC, Frossard TNSV, Ferreira FDO, Brener S, Gomides AFDF, Valente MAS, Velloso-Rodrigues C. Waist circumference as high blood pressure predictor in school age children. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:1885-1893. [PMID: 31166521 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018245.18012017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood hypertension is becoming more common with the increasing numbers of child obesity, which has encouraged new studies to identify a good anthropometric marker for high blood pressure levels. The objective this study was to identify the best anthropometric predictor of risk of hypertension in children between 8-10 years of age. The Children were evaluated for socioeconomic status and their blood pressure (BP), weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and percentage of body fat (PBF) were measured. The study included 445 children, of which 50.1% were females. The prevalence of obesity defined by body mass index (BMI) was 14.6%. Increased BP was found in 3.4% and 2.2% of the children, considering the pre-hypertension and hypertension classifications respectively. The arithmetic mean of BP value correlated significantly with BMI, WC and PBF. After height control, the correlations that were maintained significant were between WC and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and between WC and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The variable with the highest predictive power of the occurrence of hypertension was WC. The results indicate that, in this population of children between 8 and 10 years old, WC is a measurement of higher value in predicting increased BP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pollyanna Costa Cardoso
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. R. José de Tassis 350, Vila Bretas. 35030-250 Governador Valadares MG Brasil.
| | | | | | - Stela Brener
- Fundação e Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | | | - Maria Anete Santana Valente
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. R. José de Tassis 350, Vila Bretas. 35030-250 Governador Valadares MG Brasil.
| | - Cibele Velloso-Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. R. José de Tassis 350, Vila Bretas. 35030-250 Governador Valadares MG Brasil.
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Guimarães RDF, Silva MPD, Mazzardo O, Martins RV, Watanabe PI, Campos WD. Metabolic risk factors clustering among adolescents: a comparison between sex, age and socioeconomic status. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:545-552. [PMID: 30726386 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018242.01352017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to compare the metabolic risk factors (MRF) between sex, age and socioeconomic status in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Brazil. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 997 adolescents (429 boys) aged 12-17 years old from public schools. Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, Triglycerides, Glycemia, Blood Pressure, waist circumference and body mass index were measured. Sex, age and socioeconomic status information was obtained using a questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, Fisher Exact and Chi-Square Tests were used to establish the sample's characteristics and the MRF comparison between variables. We found that 27.4% were classified as overweight/obese, almost half of them had TC and LDL-c classified as limitrophe/altered, with a difference between the sexes (p < 0.01), and that a higher percentage of altered values was seen among girls. The percentage of 3 and 4 or more MRF was 13.8% and 6.3%, respectively. In addition, 86.5% of the participants had at least one and 39.7% had at least two MRF. We conclude that there was a high percentage of overweight/obese, as well as a great number of subjects with altered TC and HDL-c. We also pointed out the large percentage of aggregated metabolic risk factors in both sexes. Strategies to reduce metabolic risk factors are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane de Fátima Guimarães
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique de la Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal. 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, QC H3T 1J4. Montréal QC Canada.
| | - Michael Pereira da Silva
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (Unicentro). Guarapuava PR Brasil
| | - Oldemar Mazzardo
- Departamento de Educação Física, Unicentro. Mal. Cândido Rondon PR Brasil
| | | | | | - Wagner de Campos
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Curitiba PR Brasil
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de Assumpção PK, Heinzmann-Filho JP, Isaia HA, Holzschuh F, Dalcul T, Donadio MVF. Exercise Capacity Assessment by the Modified Shuttle Walk Test and its Correlation with Biochemical Parameters in Obese Children and Adolescents. Indian J Pediatr 2018; 85:1079-1085. [PMID: 29569079 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-018-2649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate exercise capacity of obese children and adolescents compared with normal-weight individuals and to investigate possible correlations with blood biochemical parameters. METHODS In this study, children and adolescents between 6 and 18 y were included and divided into control (eutrophic) and obese groups according to body mass index (BMI). Data were collected regarding demographic, anthropometric, waist circumference and exercise capacity through the Modified Shuttle Walk Test (MSWT). In the obese group, biochemical parameters in the blood (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and glucose) were evaluated, and a physical activity questionnaire was applied. RESULTS Seventy seven participants were included; 27 in the control group and 50 obese. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding sample characteristics, except for body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Most obese children presented results of biochemical tests within the desirable limit, though none were considered active. There was a significant exercise capacity reduction (p < 0.001) in the obese group compared to control subjects. Positive correlations were identified for the MSWT with age and height, and a negative correlation with BMI. However, there were no correlations with the biochemical parameters analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Obese children and adolescents have reduced exercise capacity when compared to normal individuals. The MSWT performance seems to have a negative association with BMI, but is not correlated with blood biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Kurz de Assumpção
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Integrated School of Santa Maria (FISMA), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Ipiranga Ave. 6690 - 2° floor, Lab. 27, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tiéle Dalcul
- Integrated School of Santa Maria (FISMA), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Ipiranga Ave. 6690 - 2° floor, Lab. 27, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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Silva DFO, Sena-Evangelista KCM, Lyra CO, Pedrosa LFC, Arrais RF, Lima SCVC. Motivations for weight loss in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:364. [PMID: 30463551 PMCID: PMC6247735 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with overweight and obesity report various motivations for weight loss other than the desire for better health. However, there is little evidence regarding the main motivations for weight loss in adolescents. The present systematic review aimed to identify the motivations for weight loss in adolescents with overweight and obesity. METHODS A systematic search for original articles published up to December 2016 was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, and ADOLEC databases. The terms used in the search were: motivation, motive, reason, "weight loss," "lose weight," and adolescent. RESULTS Six studies (all cross-sectional) met the selection criteria and were included in the review. The instruments used to assess the participants' motivations for weight loss were interviews and questionnaires with open questions. Seventeen motivations for weight loss were identified, the main ones being better health, esthetic/cosmetic reasons, improvements in self-esteem, and avoidance of provocation/bullying. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present review show the need for validated instruments to assess the motivations for weight loss in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Moreover, the high frequency of motivations for weight loss related to appearance and social acceptance evidences the need for multidisciplinary weight loss interventions that consider not only the biological factors, but also the psychological and social aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Franciole Oliveira Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59.058-970, Brazil
| | | | - Clélia Oliveira Lyra
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Fernando Arrais
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Gal. Cordeiro de Farias, s/n° - Petrópolis, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
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Assumpção MSD, Ribeiro JD, Wamosy RMG, Figueiredo FCXSD, Parazzi PLF, Schivinski CIS. Impulse oscillometry and obesity in children. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:419-424. [PMID: 28843062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare impulse oscillometry system parameters of normal-weight children with overweight and obese children. METHOD All participants were submitted to the evaluation of lung function (spirometry and impulse oscillometry) following the American Thoracic Society standards. The evaluation of respiratory mechanics was performed using the Jaeger™ MasterScreen™ Impulse Oscillometry System (Erich Jaeger, Germany), three tests were recorded, with acquisition for at least 20seconds. RESULTS The study included 81 children (30 in the control group, 21 in the overweight group, and 30 the in obesity group), matched for age and sex. Regarding spirometry data, obesity group showed higher numerical values in relation to the control group; however, there were no significant differences among the three groups. For impulse oscillometry parameters, there was a difference between control group and obesity group for respiratory impedance (p=0.036), resistance at 5hertz (p=0.026), resonant frequency (p=0.029), and reactance area (p=0.014). For the parameters expressed in percentage of predicted, there were differences in resistance at 5 hertz, resonant frequency, and reactance area between control group and obesity group. CONCLUSIONS Obese children showed increased oscillometry parameters values representative of airway obstruction, compared to normal-weight children. Changes in some oscillometry parameters can already be observed in overweight school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra S de Assumpção
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Departamento de Pediatria, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José D Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Departamento de Pediatria, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata M G Wamosy
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Paloma L F Parazzi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Departamento de Pediatria, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila I S Schivinski
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Departamento de Pediatria, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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A higher number of school meals is associated with a less‐processed diet. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bento BMA, Moreira ADC, Carmo ASD, Santos LCD, Horta PM. A higher number of school meals is associated with a less-processed diet. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:404-409. [PMID: 28961416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the participation of food groups - fresh and minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed - in the diet of students (n=1357) from Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, in accordance with the number of school meals consumed daily. METHODS Four groups were defined: children that did not consume school meals and children that consumed one, two, or three school meals daily. Food groups participation, in g/1000kcal, was obtained using two 24-hour recalls. Three linear regression models were analyzed, in which the consumption of each of the food groups was the dependent variable, the number of school meals was the independent variable, and sociodemographic data (gender, age, health vulnerability) and overweight condition were the control variables. RESULTS Children that consumed 2 or 3 school meals daily showed, respectively, 7.3% and 10.5% higher ingestion of fresh and minimally processed food in comparison to children that did not consume school meals. Moreover, ultra-processed food participation was 18.0% lower among students that consumed two school meals and 26.0% lower among children that consumed three meals daily, in comparison to students that did not consume school meals. CONCLUSION The study showed a possible dose-response effect in children's daily diets with two or three school meals and highlighted the relevance of the prolonged stay at school for healthy eating promotion in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna M A Bento
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Nutrição, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andressa da C Moreira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Nutrição, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ariene S do Carmo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Nutrição, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana C Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Nutrição, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula M Horta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Nutrição, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Impulse oscillometry and obesity in children. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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14
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Nobre GC, Valentini NC, Nobre FSS. Fundamental motor skills, nutritional status, perceived competence, and school performance of Brazilian children in social vulnerability: Gender comparison. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 80:335-345. [PMID: 29702472 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Being at risk or in social vulnerability situations can affect important aspects of child development. The aim of this study was to investigate fundamental motor skills (locomotor and object control) and school (writing, arithmetic, reading) performances, the perceived competence and the nutritional status of girls and boys living in social vulnerability in the poorest regions of Brazil. Two hundred eleven (211) children (87 girls, 41%), 7-10-year-old (M = 8.3, SD = 0.9), from public schools in Ceará (Brazil), living in social vulnerability, participated in the study. Children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development - 2, the Body Mass Index (BMI), the Self-Perception Profile for Children, and the School Performance Test. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), adjusted for age, did not show any significant effect for locomotion. There was an effect of gender on the object control. Boys showed higher scores in striking, kicking, throwing, and rolling a ball. Quade's nonparametric analysis showed no difference in BMI between the genders. Most children presented healthy weight. The MANCOVA showed no effect of gender on children's scores on perceived competence on the subscales; moderate scores were found for most children. There were no gender effects on school performance; both boys and girls demonstrated inferior performance. Boys and girls in social vulnerability showed inferior performance in most motor skills, moderate perceived competence and inferior school performance. These results reveal that the appropriate development of these children is at risk and that intervention strategies should be implemented to compensate the difficulties presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber Carvalho Nobre
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Nadia Cristina Valentini
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Cunha DB, da Costa THM, da Veiga GV, Pereira RA, Sichieri R. Ultra-processed food consumption and adiposity trajectories in a Brazilian cohort of adolescents: ELANA study. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:28. [PMID: 29795367 PMCID: PMC5968026 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives In Brazil, the increase in obesity rates has been accompanied by increased consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF). The objective of this paper was to evaluate body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF) trajectories in adolescents over a 3-year follow-up according to the frequency of UPF consumption. Subjects/methods Data of three consecutive years (2010, 2011, and 2012) were obtained from the Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study (ELANA) that aimed to assess changes in anthropometric indicators of nutritional status, and 1035 adolescents enrolled in the 1st year of high school from six schools (four private and two public) in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were included. At three follow-ups, they had their weights and heights measured. Body composition was measured at the first and second follow-ups. Mixed linear regression models were used to estimate BMI and %BF trajectories based on quartiles of UPF intake, adjusting for type of school, sex, physical activity, and underreporting. Results Compared to their counterparts in the 1st quartile, adolescents in the 4th quartile of UPF consumption had a lower daily intake of fruits, cooked vegetables, and raw vegetables and a higher intake of total sugar and physical activity levels (p < 0.001). There was an inverse association between UPF consumption and BMI both at baseline and at follow-up. Values for %BF followed the same trend. Adolescents in the 4th quartile had the greatest level of physical activity and lowest total energy intake. Conclusion This study confirmed that greater intake of UPF is a marker of an unhealthy diet, but did not support the hypothesis of a high rate of change in BMI associated with greater UPF consumption, even after adjusting for physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Barbosa Cunha
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 7° andar. Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Gloria Valeria da Veiga
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco J, 2° andar - Cidade Universitária, Cep, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Alves Pereira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco J, 2° andar - Cidade Universitária, Cep, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 7° andar. Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil
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Mathias MG, Coelho‐Landell CDA, Scott‐Boyer M, Lacroix S, Morine MJ, Salomão RG, Toffano RBD, Almada MORDV, Camarneiro JM, Hillesheim E, de Barros TT, Camelo‐Junior JS, Campos Giménez E, Redeuil K, Goyon A, Bertschy E, Lévêques A, Oberson J, Giménez C, Carayol J, Kussmann M, Descombes P, Métairon S, Draper CF, Conus N, Mottaz SC, Corsini GZ, Myoshi SKB, Muniz MM, Hernandes LC, Venâncio VP, Antunes LMG, da Silva RQ, Laurito TF, Rossi IR, Ricci R, Jorge JR, Fagá ML, Quinhoneiro DCG, Reche MC, Silva PVS, Falquetti LL, da Cunha THA, Deminice TMM, Tambellini TH, de Souza GCA, de Oliveira MM, Nogueira‐Pileggi V, Matsumoto MT, Priami C, Kaput J, Monteiro JP. Clinical and Vitamin Response to a Short-Term Multi-Micronutrient Intervention in Brazilian Children and Teens: From Population Data to Interindividual Responses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700613. [PMID: 29368422 PMCID: PMC6120145 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Micronutrients are in small amounts in foods, act in concert, and require variable amounts of time to see changes in health and risk for disease. These first principles are incorporated into an intervention study designed to develop new experimental strategies for setting target recommendations for food bioactives for populations and individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS A 6-week multivitamin/mineral intervention is conducted in 9-13 year olds. Participants (136) are (i) their own control (n-of-1); (ii) monitored for compliance; (iii) measured for 36 circulating vitamin forms, 30 clinical, anthropometric, and food intake parameters at baseline, post intervention, and following a 6-week washout; and (iv) had their ancestry accounted for as modifier of vitamin baseline or response. The same intervention is repeated the following year (135 participants). Most vitamins respond positively and many clinical parameters change in directions consistent with improved metabolic health to the intervention. Baseline levels of any metabolite predict its own response to the intervention. Elastic net penalized regression models are identified, and significantly predict response to intervention on the basis of multiple vitamin/clinical baseline measures. CONCLUSIONS The study design, computational methods, and results are a step toward developing recommendations for optimizing vitamin levels and health parameters for individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie‐Pier Scott‐Boyer
- The Microsoft Research, Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI)University of TrentoRoveretoItaly
| | - Sébastien Lacroix
- The Microsoft Research, Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI)University of TrentoRoveretoItaly
| | - Melissa J. Morine
- The Microsoft Research, Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI)University of TrentoRoveretoItaly
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Roberta Garcia Salomão
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | | | | | - Elaine Hillesheim
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nelly Conus
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | | | - Mariana Mendes Muniz
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | - Vinícius Paula Venâncio
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirao PretoBrazil
| | | | | | - Taís Fontellas Laurito
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | - Isabela Ribeiro Rossi
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | - Raquel Ricci
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | - Jéssica Ré Jorge
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | - Mayara Leite Fagá
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | | | | | - Letícia Lima Falquetti
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vicky Nogueira‐Pileggi
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineNutrition and MetabolismUniversity of São Paulo
| | | | - Corrado Priami
- The Microsoft Research, Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI)University of TrentoRoveretoItaly
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Jim Kaput
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
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dos Santos FK, Moura dos Santos MA, Almeida MB, Nobre IG, Nobre GG, Ferreira e Silva WT, Gomes TN, António Ribeiro Maia J, Leandro CG. Biological and behavioral correlates of body weight status among rural Northeast Brazilian schoolchildren. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23096. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelus Brito Almeida
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | - Isabele Goes Nobre
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | - Gabriela Goes Nobre
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carol Góis Leandro
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
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18
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Fradkin C, Valentini NC, Nobre GC, Dos Santos JOL. Obesity and Overweight Among Brazilian Early Adolescents: Variability Across Region, Socioeconomic Status, and Gender. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:81. [PMID: 29682495 PMCID: PMC5897517 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As with most emerging nations, Brazil lacks up-to-date data on the prevalence of obesity and overweight among its children. Of particular concern is the lack of data on children in early adolescence, considered by many to be the crucial stage for weight-related healthcare. OBJECTIVE To assess regional, socioeconomic, and gender differences in the prevalence of obesity and overweight among Brazilian early adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a racially diverse sample of students aged 10-13 years, from schools in three geographic regions (north, northeast, south) (N = 1,738). Data on gender, age, race, socioeconomic status (SES), weight, and height were obtained. Weight class was calculated from age- and gender-adjusted body mass index, based on children's weight and height. Bivariate and multivariable analyses, with post hoc tests, were conducted to estimate differences between groups and were corrected for multiple comparisons. Procedures were approved by institutional review boards at study sites. RESULTS Analyses revealed a higher prevalence of obesity and/or overweight among: (1) children of higher SES; (2) children in southern Brazil; (3) males; and (4) Black females. CONCLUSION The most salient predictor of weight risk among Brazilian early adolescents is higher SES. This finding is consistent with previous findings of an inverse social gradient, in weight risk, among emerging-nation population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Nadia C Valentini
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Glauber C Nobre
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Iguatu, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João O L Dos Santos
- School of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Cunha MPL, Marques RC, Dórea JG. Child Nutritional Status in the Changing Socioeconomic Region of the Northern Amazon, Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 15:E15. [PMID: 29295489 PMCID: PMC5800115 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The living conditions (i.e., socioeconomic, healthcare-related, nutritional, and environmental) to which children are exposed may influence their ability to reach their optimal growth potential. This review focuses on the relationship between the nutritional status of children under five years of age and social and environmental factors in Northern Brazil. Children living in this region have limited access to healthcare and face precarious socioeconomic and environmental conditions. This analysis was based on data from national health surveys, the consolidated food, nutrition surveillance system (SISVAN), and indicators of the DPSEEA (driving force, pressure, state, exposures, health effects, and actions) framework. The northern region has the worst living conditions in the country, and children under five years of age have significant height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height deficits. Concomitantly, the prevalence of children who are overweight has increased significantly, although it remains lower than that in more developed Brazilian regions. Insufficient and/or inadequate dietary practices and early exposure to unfavorable living conditions are risk factors for nutritional deviations. Further advances in public health policies that consider regional characteristics, particularly in the north, where progress has been slower, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica P L Cunha
- Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho CEP 76801-059, RO, Brasil.
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília CEP 70919-970, DF, Brasil.
| | - Rejane C Marques
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro CEP 27930-560, RJ, Brasil.
| | - José G Dórea
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília CEP 70919-970, DF, Brasil.
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Desalew A, Mandesh A, Semahegn A. Childhood overweight, obesity and associated factors among primary school children in dire dawa, eastern Ethiopia; a cross-sectional study. BMC OBESITY 2017; 4:20. [PMID: 28572983 PMCID: PMC5452329 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-017-0156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity in children is increasing worldwide. Malnutrition has become a double burden challenge of public health concern in developing countries. Childhood obesity increases the risk of chronic disease in childhood as well as adulthood. However, information is very scarce about childhood obesity in developing countries specifically in Ethiopia. Therefore, we aimed to assess childhood overweight, obesity and associated factors among primary school children at Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A school based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dire Dawa from 1st to 30th March, 2016. Study participants were selected using multistage sampling method. Pre-tested self-administered questionnaire, face to face interview technique and anthropometric measurements were used to collect data by eight well trained data collectors. Data were coded, cleaned and entered into EpiData software version 3.5.1, and exported into SPSS (version 21.0) statistical software, for data analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were carried out to identify associated factors with childhood overweight and obesity. Statistical significance was declared using Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) at 95% CI and p-value less than 0.05. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 14.7% (95% CI: 11.7, 18.0) and 5.8% (95% CI: 3.6, 8.0), respectively. Children who were from private school (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.4, 8.5), from families belonged to high socioeconomic class (AOR = 16.9, 95% CI: 6.5, 23.9), preferred sweetened foods (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.1), had not engaged in regular physical exercise (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 9.8), had experienced sedentary life style like spent their free time watching TV (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.6, 7.9), play computer game (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI:1.4,15.4), and were not having close friends (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.4, 6.2) were significantly associated with overweight/obesity risk. Conclusion Overweight/obesity in children is on alarming stage in the study area. Therefore, more attention should be given to creating awareness about healthy diet and improving life style through school and public media in collaboration with concerned bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assefa Desalew
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Po. Box. 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemnesh Mandesh
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Agumasie Semahegn
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Po. Box. 235, Harar, Ethiopia
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Santos A, Silva-Santos S, Andaki A, Mendes EL, Vale S, Mota J. Screen time between Portuguese and Brazilian children: a cross-cultural study. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alynne Andaki
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil
| | - Edmar Lacerda Mendes
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil
| | - Susana Vale
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal
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Pedraza DF, Silva FA, Melo NLSD, Araujo EMN, Sousa CPDC. Estado nutricional e hábitos alimentares de escolares de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232017222.26252015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Avaliou-se o estado nutricional e sua associação com os hábitos alimentares de crianças escolares que frequentam a rede pública de ensino do município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Estudo transversal, realizado com 1081 crianças de 5 a 10 anos. Analisaram-se os índices antropométricos estatura/idade (E/I) e Índice de Massa Corporal/idade (IMC/I), e os hábitos alimentares dos escolares. Verificaram-se prevalências de déficit de estatura, sobrepeso e obesidade de 2,4%, 12,3% e 9,2%, respectivamente. O E/I apresentou-se com média inferior (p = 0,029) nas crianças que indicaram quase nunca tomar café da manhã (-0,130 ± 1,053 Escore-z) em comparação com as que faziam essa refeição todas ou na maioria das vezes (0,183 ± 0,912 Escore-z), associação similar foi observada quando a merenda escolar não era consumida (p = 0,001). Para o IMC/I, crianças com hábito de fazer todas as refeições apresentaram menor média (p = 0,034); resultado similar foi observado em relação ao hábito de tomar café da manhã em que menor média foi constatada entre as crianças com esse costume (p = 0,020). Conclui-se que o estado nutricional dos escolares é marcado por altas taxas de sobrepeso/obesidade. Sugere-se que os prejuízos no estado nutricional estejam relacionados ao não consumo do café da manhã e da alimentação oferecida na escola.
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CAVALCANTI AL, RAMOS IA, CARDOSO AMR, FERNANDES LHF, ARAGÃO AS, SANTOS FG, AGUIAR YPC, CARVALHO DF, MEDEIROS CCM, De S. C. SOARES R, CASTRO RD. Association between Periodontal Condition and Nutritional Status of Brazilian Adolescents: A Population-based Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:1586-1594. [PMID: 28053924 PMCID: PMC5207099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a serious problem of public health and affects all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal condition and nutritional status of adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using a probability cluster sampling, and the sample was defined by statistical criterion, consisting of 559 students aged 15-19 yr enrolled in public schools of adolescents of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil in 2012. Socioeconomic characteristics were analyzed, as well as self-reported general and oral health, anthropometric data and periodontal condition (CPI and OHI-S). Descriptive and analytical analysis from bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis with 5% significance level was performed. RESULTS Of the 559 adolescents, 18.6% were overweight and 98.4% had some form of periodontal changes such as: bleeding (34.3%), calculus (38.8%), shallow pocket (22.9%) and deep pocket (2.3%). There was association between presence of periodontal changes with obesity (P<0.05; CI 95%: 0.99 [0.98 - 0.99]). CONCLUSION The association between presence of periodontal changes and obesity status in adolescents was indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro L. CAVALCANTI
- Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil,Corresponding Author:
| | - Ianny A. RAMOS
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda S. ARAGÃO
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Fábio G. SANTOS
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo D. CASTRO
- Dept. of Clinics and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
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Effect of water- versus land-based exercise training as a component of a multidisciplinary intervention program for overweight and obese adolescents. Physiol Behav 2016; 165:365-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Fagundes RB, de Carli D, Xaubet RV, Cantarelli JC. Unchanging pattern of prevalence of esophageal cancer, overall and by histological subtype, in the endoscopy service of the main referral hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State, in Southern Brazil. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:603-6. [PMID: 25967978 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) are the two main histological types of esophageal cancer. Southern Brazil has the highest rates of esophageal cancer in South America, and the most prevalent subtype of esophageal cancer has been SCC. This study assessed the trend changes in the histological types of esophageal cancer, in a 20-year period, in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We searched all cases of esophageal cancer from 1993 to 2012 by their histological diagnosis, grouping the patients in 4-year time periods to evaluate time trends. Among 18 441 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies we identified 686 cases of esophageal cancer. Histological study confirmed the diagnosis of SCC in 640 (93.3%) patients and ADC in 46 (6.7%). Overall, 522 men were diagnosed with esophageal carcinoma; from these, 489 (93.6%) presented SCC, and 33 (6.3%) ADC. Among women, 164 had the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, 151 (92%) SCC, and 13 (7.9%) ADC. The proportion found among men and women was 3.1:1, respectively. The prevalence rate of esophageal cancer, along a 20 year-period, remained stable, as well as the rates of SCC and ADC. SCC was the most common type of esophageal cancer, and ADC presented very low prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Fagundes
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Programa de Post-Graduação: Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - D de Carli
- Gastroenterology Unity of Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R V Xaubet
- Gastroenterology Unity of Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J C Cantarelli
- Gastroenterology Unity of Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Pedraza DF, Oliveira MMD, Cardoso MVLML, Araujo EMND, Rocha ACD. Índices antropométricos de crianças assistidas em creches e sua relação com fatores socioeconômicos, maternos e infantis. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2016; 21:2219-32. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232015217.11712015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Os índices antropométricos peso/estatura e peso/idade destacam-se, respectivamente, por sua importância na identificação de mudanças recentes de peso e de alterações no estado nutricional de forma precoce. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar fatores associados ao peso/estatura e peso/idade em crianças pré-escolares. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com amostra probabilística que analisou 299 crianças assistidas em creches públicas municipais. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevista com as mães, mediante aplicação de um questionário com informações socioeconômicas, maternas e infantis. O peso e a estatura/comprimento das crianças foram medidos seguindo as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram que nenhuma das variáveis maternas associou-se ao estado nutricional das crianças e que apenas o peso ao nascer, dentre as variáveis infantis, apresentou associação aos escores de peso/estatura (p = 0,0030) e peso/idade (p = 0,0018). O bloco de variáveis socioeconômicas, por sua vez, mostrou-se como o mais representativo fator de variação dos resultados encontrados, sobretudo no peso/idade. Conclui-se sobre a relevância do peso ao nascer no peso/estatura e peso/idade das crianças, bem como das condições socioeconômicas, marcadamente, no peso/idade .
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Downey G. Being Human in Cities: Phenotypic Bias from Urban Niche Construction. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1086/685710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Winck AD, Heinzmann-Filho JP, Soares RB, da Silva JS, Woszezenki CT, Zanatta LB. Effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents: a systematic review. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2016; 34:510-517. [PMID: 27130483 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE This is a systematic review, carried out in Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and PEDro databases, using the following Keywords: Plethysmography; Whole Body OR Lung Volume Measurements OR Total Lung Capacity OR Functional Residual Capacity OR Residual Volume AND Obesity. Observational studies or clinical trials that assessed the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents (0-18 years) without any other associated disease; in English; Portuguese and Spanish languages were selected. Methodological quality was assessed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 1,030 articles, only four were included in the review. The studies amounted to 548 participants, predominantly males, with sample size ranging from 45 to 327 individuals. 100% of the studies evaluated nutritional status through BMI (z-score) and 50.0% reported the data on abdominal circumference. All demonstrated that obesity causes negative effects on lung volume and capacity, causing a reduction mainly in functional residual capacity in 75.0% of the studies; in the expiratory reserve volume in 50.0% and in the residual volume in 25.0%. The methodological quality ranged from moderate to high, with 75.0% of the studies classified as having high methodological quality. CONCLUSIONS Obesity causes deleterious effects on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents, mainly by reducing functional residual capacity, expiratory reserve volume and residual volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafaela Borges Soares
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Letiane Bueno Zanatta
- Instituto Cenecista de Ensino Superior de Santo Ângelo (Iesa), Santo Ângelo, RS, Brasil
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Winck AD, Heinzmann-Filho JP, Soares RB, da Silva JS, Woszezenki CT, Zanatta LB. Effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [PMID: 27130483 PMCID: PMC5176074 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE This is a systematic review, carried out in Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and PEDro databases, using the following Keywords: Plethysmography; Whole Body OR Lung Volume Measurements OR Total Lung Capacity OR Functional Residual Capacity OR Residual Volume AND Obesity. Observational studies or clinical trials that assessed the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents (0-18 years) without any other associated disease; in English; Portuguese and Spanish languages were selected. Methodological quality was assessed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 1,030 articles, only four were included in the review. The studies amounted to 548 participants, predominantly males, with sample size ranging from 45 to 327 individuals. 100% of the studies evaluated nutritional status through BMI (z-score) and 50.0% reported the data on abdominal circumference. All demonstrated that obesity causes negative effects on lung volume and capacity, causing a reduction mainly in functional residual capacity in 75.0% of the studies; in the expiratory reserve volume in 50.0% and in the residual volume in 25.0%. The methodological quality ranged from moderate to high, with 75.0% of the studies classified as having high methodological quality. CONCLUSIONS Obesity causes deleterious effects on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents, mainly by reducing functional residual capacity, expiratory reserve volume and residual volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafaela Borges Soares
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Letiane Bueno Zanatta
- Instituto Cenecista de Ensino Superior de Santo Ângelo (Iesa), Santo Ângelo, RS, Brasil
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