1
|
Akhtar N, Wani AK, Sharma NR, Sanami S, Kaleem S, Machfud M, Purbiati T, Sugiono S, Djumali D, Retnaning Prahardini PE, Purwati RD, Supriadi K, Rahayu F. Microbial exopolysaccharides: Unveiling the pharmacological aspects for therapeutic advancements. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109118. [PMID: 38643705 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have emerged as a fascinating area of research in the field of pharmacology due to their diverse and potent biological activities. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pharmacological properties exhibited by EPSs, shedding light on their potential applications in various therapeutic areas. The review begins by introducing EPSs, exploring their various sources, significance in microbial growth and survival, and their applications across different industries. Subsequently, a thorough examination of the pharmaceutical properties of microbial EPSs unveils their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antiviral, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Mechanistic insights into how different EPSs exert these therapeutic effects have also been discussed in this review. The review also provides comprehensive information about the monosaccharide composition, backbone, branches, glycosidic bonds, and molecular weight of pharmacologically active EPSs from various microbial sources. Furthermore, the factors that can affect the pharmacological activities of EPSs and approaches to improve the EPSs' pharmacological activity have also been discussed. In conclusion, this review illuminates the immense pharmaceutical promise of microbial EPS as versatile bioactive compounds with wide-ranging therapeutic applications. By elucidating their structural features, biological activities, and potential applications, this review aims to catalyze further research and development efforts in leveraging the pharmaceutical potential of microbial EPS for the advancement of human health and well-being, while also contributing to sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (144411), Punjab, India.
| | - Neeta Raj Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Samira Sanami
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaikh Kaleem
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Moch Machfud
- Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | - Titiek Purbiati
- Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | - Sugiono Sugiono
- Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | - Djumali Djumali
- Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | | | - Rully Dyah Purwati
- Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | - Khojin Supriadi
- Research Center for Food Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| | - Farida Rahayu
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, (16911), Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng M, Zhang L, Wang J, Sun X, Qi Y, Chen L, Han C. The Artist's Conk Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma applanatum (Agaricomycetes): Mycological, Mycochemical, and Pharmacological Properties: A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:13-66. [PMID: 38884263 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024053900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
As a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat., also known as flat-ling Ganoderma (Chinese name bianlingzhi), old mother fungus (laomujun), and old ox liver (laoniugan), has high medicinal value. It is used as an anti-cancer drug in China and Japan. Besides, it can treat rheumatic tuberculosis and has the effect of relieving pain, clearing away heat, eliminating accumulation, stopping bleeding and eliminating phlegm. The purpose of this review is to analyze the research progress systematically and comprehensively in mycology, mycochemistry and pharmacological activities of G. applanatum, and discuss the prospect of prospective research and implementation of this medicinal material. A comprehensive literature search was performed on G. applanatum using scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Elsevier. Collected data from different sources was comprehensively summarized for mycology, mycochemistry and pharmacology of G. applanatum. A total of 324 compounds were recorded, the main components of which were triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, steroids, and polysaccharides. G. applanatum and its active ingredients have a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor, liver protection, hypoglycemic, anti-fat, anti-oxidation, antibacterial and other activities. Although G. applanatum is widely used in traditional medicine and has diverse chemical constituents, more studies should be carried out in animals and humans to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, Jinan Zhangqiu District Hospital of TCM, Jinan, 250299, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research and Development Center, Shandong Phoenix Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Taian, Shandong, 271000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yitong Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250000, P.R. China
| | - Chunchao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El-Mahdy OM, Mohamed HI, El-Ansary AE. Optimizations of exopolysaccharide production by Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1 and its potential applications as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and emulsifier. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:345. [PMID: 37978435 PMCID: PMC10655473 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by microbes are recognized as biomacromolecules of great significance. EPSs from fungi are widely used in a variety of biotechnological fields, including medicine, bioremediation, and agriculture. RESULTS In this study, ten fungal isolates were isolated from Kafir El-Dair, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt. Isolate 5 produced more exopolysaccharides than the other examined fungi. According to microscopic morphological traits and genetic confirmation by the 18S rRNA gene, isolate 5 was identified as Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1. The present study showed that Czapek's broth media, which contains 6 g/100 ml of sucrose, 10 g/100 ml of peptone, pH 6, and 1.8 × 105 CFU/ml of inoculum size and is incubated at 30 °C for 9 days, was suitable for the production of EPSs from Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1 by using static conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) was employed in the characterization of EPSs, which exhibited the presence of carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and glycosidic bonds. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected that EPSs consist of sucrose and glucose. The scavenging activity indicates that EPSs have good antioxidant activity. The partially purified exopolysaccharides produced from F. nygamai strain AJTYC1 exhibited excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against gram positive, gram negative and fungal strains. The EPSs at a dose of 1000 µg/ml exhibited anticancer activity against colorectal colon cancer (HCT116), breast cancer (MCF7), and hepatocellular cancer cell lines. Moreover, EPSs is an effective emulsifier of a variety of vegetable oils, and the emulsion it produces is generally stable for up to 168 h. CONCLUSIONS The production of EPSs from F. nygamai strain AJTYC1 can be used as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer, and emulsifiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omima M El-Mahdy
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 1575, Egypt
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 1575, Egypt.
| | - Abeer E El-Ansary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gamma St, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maneewattanapinyo P, Monton C, Pichayakorn W, Dangmanee N, Wunnakup T, Suksaeree J. Plaster Gel Loaded with Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Ganoderma applanatum: from Fabrication to Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:105. [PMID: 37081249 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Asian remedies have mainly employed the macrofungus Ganoderma applanatum, which belongs to the family Ganodermataceae, as a medicinal mushroom due to its high antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Extracts of the fungus can be synthesized into nanoparticles, which are subsequently produced as plaster gels. Synthesized silver nanoparticle-mediated G. applanatum was discovered to have the greatest ability to inhibit bacterial growth in S. epidermidis. When applied to the skin, the prepared plaster gel converted from a gel to a film; thus, both gel and film generation are characteristic of its formulation. The plaster gel that was made was found to be consistent and attractive, and the yellow color had darkened. Its viscosity and pH were appropriate for the application and allowed it to remain on the skin without dripping or reacting with the skin until it dried. A shorter duration for film formation is possible. The film's tensile was slightly reduced, and it exhibited excellent thermal stability. Decomposition of the generated film occurred at a slower rate, which constrained the polymer chain's ability to move. The semi-crystalline structure was characteristic of the film. It was found that particles were distributed in the film. Rapid release from plaster gel within 4 h was seen, and this was followed by a period of a slowly declining release rate over 12 h. The accurate first-order kinetic used to estimate the release rate of the formulation. The plaster gel demonstrated greater antibacterial activity than the MIC value indicated. The in vivo evaluation was positive and showed no skin irritation. The formulation showed good stability. Therefore, this indicated that the prepared plaster gel is appropriate for topical pharmaceutical delivery and safe for skin application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pattwat Maneewattanapinyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chaowalit Monton
- Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pichayakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nattakan Dangmanee
- Faculty of Agro and Bio Industry, Cosmetic Technology and Dietary Supplement Products Program, Thaksin University, Ban Pa Phayom, 93210, Phatthalung, Thailand
| | - Thaniya Wunnakup
- Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Jirapornchai Suksaeree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song Y, Li S, Gong H, Yip RCS, Chen H. Biopharmaceutical applications of microbial polysaccharides as materials: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124259. [PMID: 37003381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological characteristics of natural polymers make microbial polysaccharides an excellent choice for biopharmaceuticals. Due to its easy purifying procedure and high production efficiency, it is capable of resolving the existing application issues associated with some plant and animal polysaccharides. Furthermore, microbial polysaccharides are recognized as prospective substitutes for these polysaccharides based on the search for eco-friendly chemicals. In this review, the microstructure and properties of microbial polysaccharides are utilized to highlight their characteristics and potential medical applications. From the standpoint of pathogenic processes, in-depth explanations are provided on the effects of microbial polysaccharides as active ingredients in the treatment of human diseases, anti-aging, and drug delivery. In addition, the scholarly developments and commercial applications of microbial polysaccharides as medical raw materials are also discussed. The conclusion is that understanding the use of microbial polysaccharides in biopharmaceuticals is essential for the future development of pharmacology and therapeutic medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yige Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Shuxin Li
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hao Gong
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sułkowska-Ziaja K, Galanty A, Szewczyk A, Paśko P, Kała K, Apola A, Podolak I, Muszyńska B. Effect of Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation on Triterpene Production and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of Mycelial Culture Extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:294. [PMID: 36679006 PMCID: PMC9867392 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic elicitation, a well-known strategy in mushroom biotechnology, promotes increased accumulation of secondary metabolites in mycelial cultures. The study aimed the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the production of triterpenes in submerged cultures of Ganoderma applanatum. Further, the study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of the extract corresponding to the optimal elicitation variant in selected human cancer cell lines as well as the selectivity against normal cells. MeJA was added on days 1, 4, 6, and 8 in the 10-day growth cycle at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 µM MeJA. The HPLC-DAD was used to analyze the triterpenes. The cytotoxic activity was tested using the MTTFc assay in grouped panels of skin, prostate, and gastrointestinal cancer cells. The results of the quantitative analyses confirmed the stimulating effect of MeJA on the production of ganoderic acid A and ganoderic acid C. The greatest increase in total triterpenes was found on day 6 of the culture cycle compared to the control group-with the concentration of MeJA-150 µM. Compared to the control samples, mycelial culture extract after the most productive elicitation variant showed significant cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer cells and moderate effects on melanoma cells. Ganoderma applanatum mycelial cultures can be proposed as a model to study the dynamics of the accumulation of compounds with therapeutic values through abiotic elicitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Paśko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Apola
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prajapati D, Bhatt A, Gupte A. Evaluation of Bioactive Attributes and Emulsification Potential of Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Brown-rot Fungus Fomitopsis meliae AGDP-2. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2974-2992. [PMID: 36462111 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms possess wide array of biologically active secondary metabolites and have been traditionally used for their medicinal properties. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is one of such bioactive metabolites. The bioactive attributes and emulsification capabilities of the exopolysaccharides produced by a novel brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis meliae AGDP-2 under submerged fermentation has been thoroughly investigated in the present study. Exopolysaccharide displayed anti-oxidant activities in dose dependent manner with the maximum scavenging of ABTS radicals (42.45%), DPPH radicals (75.34%), Hydroxyl radicals (63.64%), Superoxide anion radical (76.54%) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power with IC50 value of 231 µg/mL. Additionally, evaluation of anti-proliferative properties revealed that EPS significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HT-29 cancer cells followed by moderate inhibition of HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines and quite less inhibition of L-132 and KB cell lines. The IC50 values of EPS for the abovementioned cell lines are 9.465 µg/mL, 11.25 µg/mL, 38.98 µg/mL, 87.78 µg/mL, 2061 µg/mL and 2361 µg/mL respectively. Moreover EPS also possess good anti-microbial as well as anti-biofilm properties. The studies on emulsification potential described that EPS is good emulsifier of different vegetable oils and the emulsion formed was quite stable up to 144 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darshankumar Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Bhatt
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Akshaya Gupte
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi JX, Chen GY, Sun Q, Meng SY, Chi WQ. Antimicrobial lanostane triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:1001-1007. [PMID: 34923886 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.2017899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A chemical investigation on the 90% EtOH extract of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum led to the isolation of three new lanostane triterpenoids, designated as 25-methoxy-11-oxo-ganoderiol D (1), 3-oxo-25-methoxy-24,26-dihydroxy-lanosta-7,9(11)-diene (2), and 3β-acetyloxy-lucidone H (3). Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1 D and 2 D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy. All the triterpenoids were in vitro evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against six pathogenic microorganisms. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited some activities against three Gram positive bacteria with MIC values less than 60 μg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xia Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guo-Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shi-Yang Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wei-Qun Chi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a Convenient Tool to Assess the Potential of Low Molecular Fraction Derived from Medicinal Fungus Cerrena unicolor in Action on L929 and CT-26 Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196251. [PMID: 36234787 PMCID: PMC9571975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the incidence of cancer has contributed to the search for new therapeutic methods. In recent years, the use of preparations of natural origin from medical fungi has increased. One such active substance is the extracellular, low molecular active fraction obtained from the medicinal fungus Cerrena unicolor. This study aimed to monitor the pharmacokinetics of different concentrations of substances isolated from the medicinal fungus Cerrena unicolor (ex-LMS) using the ECIS technique. In the study, mouse L929 fibroblasts and colon cancer CT26 cell lines were treated with different concentrations of the active fractions obtained from Cerrena unicolor: C1 = 2.285 (μg/mL); C2 = 22.85 (μg/mL); and C3 = 228.5 (μg/mL). This study demonstrated that the tested preparation from Cerrena unicolor had no considerable effect on the resistance, capacitance, and impedance of L929 fibroblast cells, which was an indicator of no significant effect on its physiological processes. At the same time, those parameters exhibited a decrease in colon cancer cell viability. Following our previous and current studies on Cerrena unicolor, ex-LMS extracts can be safely used in anticancer therapy or chemoprevention with no significant harmful effects on normal cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chugh RM, Mittal P, MP N, Arora T, Bhattacharya T, Chopra H, Cavalu S, Gautam RK. Fungal Mushrooms: A Natural Compound With Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925387. [PMID: 35910346 PMCID: PMC9328747 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are extremely diverse in terms of morphology, ecology, metabolism, and phylogeny. Approximately, 130 medicinal activities like antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, radical scavenging, cardioprotective and antiviral actions are assumed to be produced by the various varieties of medicinal mushrooms. The polysaccharides, present in mushrooms like β-glucans, micronutrients, antioxidants like glycoproteins, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and ergosterols can help establish natural resistance against infections and toxins.. Clinical trials have been performed on mushrooms like Agaricus blazei Murrill Kyowa for their anticancer effect, A. blazei Murrill for its antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects, and some other mushrooms had also been evaluated for their neurological effects. The human evaluation dose studies had been also performed and the toxicity dose was evaluated from the literature for number of mushrooms. All the mushrooms were found to be safe at a dose of 2000 mg/kg but some with mild side effects. The safety and therapeutic effectiveness of the fungal mushrooms had shifted the interest of biotechnologists toward fungal nanobiotechnology as the drug delivery system due to the vast advantages of nanotechnology systems. In complement to the vital nutritional significance of medicinal mushrooms, numerous species have been identified as sources of bioactive chemicals. Moreover, there are unanswered queries regarding its safety, efficacy, critical issues that affect the future mushroom medicine development, that could jeopardize its usage in the twenty-first century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Pooja Mittal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Namratha MP
- CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Tanu Arora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- Innovation, Incubation and Industry (i-cube) Laboratory, Techno India NJR Institute of Technology, Udaipur, India
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
| | - Rupesh K. Gautam
- MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, India
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hamidi M, Valentine Okoro O, Ianiri G, Jafari H, Rashidi K, Ghasemi S, Castoria R, Palmieri D, Delattre C, Pierre G, Mirzaei M, Nie L, Samadian H, Shavandi A. Exopolysaccharide from the yeast Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV for skin wound healing. J Adv Res 2022; 46:61-74. [PMID: 35760297 PMCID: PMC10105244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high-value functional biomaterials mainly produced by bacteria and fungi, with nutraceutical, therapeutic and industrial potentials. OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize and assess the biological properties of the EPS produced by the yeast Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV. METHODS After extracting the yeast's DNA and its molecular identification, the EPS from P. terrestris PT22AV strain was extracted and its physicochemical properties (structural, morphological, monosaccharide composition and molecular weight) were characterized. The EPS's in vitro biological activities and in vivo wound healing potential were also evaluated. RESULTS The obtained EPS was water-soluble and revealed an average molecular weight (Mw) of 202 kDa. Mannose and glucose with 97% and 3% molar percentages, respectively, constituted the EPS. In vitro antibacterial activity analysis of the extracted EPS exhibited antibacterial activity (>80%) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. The EPS showed cytocompatibility against the human fibroblast and macrophage cell lines and the animal studies showed a dose-dependent wound healing capacity of the EPS with higher wound closure at 10 mg/mL compared to negative and positive control after 14 days. CONCLUSION The EPS from P. terrestris PT22AV could serve as a promising source of biocompatible macromolecules with potential for skin wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Ianiri
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Hafez Jafari
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghasemi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Raffaello Castoria
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Davide Palmieri
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mahta Mirzaei
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Susilo RJK, Winarni D, Hayaza S, Doong RA, Wahyuningsih SPA, Darmanto W. Effect of crude Ganoderma applanatum polysaccharides as a renoprotective agent against carbon tetrachloride-induced early kidney fibrosis in mice. Vet World 2022; 15:1022-1030. [PMID: 35698489 PMCID: PMC9178572 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1022-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Interstitial fibrosis is the final stage of chronic kidney injury, which begins with an inflammatory process. Crude Ganoderma applanatum polysaccharides are known to have anti-inflammatory properties. The potential role of crude G. applanatum polysaccharides in renal fibrosis through pro-inflammatory cytokines needs further investigation. This study aimed to determine the renoprotective effect of crude G. applanatum polysaccharide extract in mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced early kidney fibrosis. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted for 4 weeks using 24 male BALB/c mice selected for their metabolic stability. The mice were randomly divided into six groups, including control (CG), model (MG), silymarin group and crude G. applanatum polysaccharide extract groups comprising doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight. After sacrificing the mice, whole blood was analyzed for urea and creatine levels, and kidney tissue was prepared to assess tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), hyaluronic acid (HA), and laminin levels, both using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kidney histology was determined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, while the extracellular matrix (ECM) components were stained using Masson’s trichome staining. The α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) concentration was determined using immunohistochemistry. These parameters were measured to determine the effectiveness of the crude G. applanatum polysaccharide extract in preventing interstitial fibrosis. Results: Administration of crude G. applanatum polysaccharides effectively prevented increases in kidney weight and physiological enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ECM production compared with those in the MG, as evidenced by the low levels of urea, creatinine, TNF-α, IL-6, HA, and laminin. Histopathological results also showed that crude G. applanatum polysaccharides prevented the occurrence of inflammatory infiltration, desquamated nuclei, cytoplasm debris, rupture at the brush border, dilatation of the glomeruli space and lumen of the proximal tubule, and necrotic cells compared with the MG. Masson’s trichrome staining revealed lower collagen levels in the interstitial tubules of kidney tissue than those in the MG. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed low α-SMA expression in the crude G. applanatum polysaccharides treatment groups than that in the MG. Conclusion: The crude polysaccharide extract of G. applanatum has a protective effect that prevents the progression of kidney fibrosis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwi Winarni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Suhailah Hayaza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Sec. 2 Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Win Darmanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Institute of Science Technology and Health, Jl. Kemuning 57A, Jombang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chan YS, Chong KP. Bioactive Compounds of Ganoderma boninense Inhibited Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Growth by Affecting Their Cell Membrane Permeability and Integrity. Molecules 2022; 27:838. [PMID: 35164103 PMCID: PMC8840476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Some species of Ganoderma, such as G. lucidum, are well-known as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and their pharmacological value was scientifically proven in modern days. However, G. boninense is recognized as an oil palm pathogen, and its biological activity is scarcely reported. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of G. boninense fruiting bodies, which formed by condensed mycelial, produced numerous and complex profiles of natural compounds. Extract was cleaned up with normal-phase SPE and its metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). From the disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays, strong susceptibility was observed in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in elute fraction with zone inhibition of 41.08 ± 0.04 mm and MIC value of 0.078 mg mL-1. A total of 23 peaks were detected using MS, which were putatively identified based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and eight compounds, which include aristolochic acid, aminoimidazole ribotide, lysine sulfonamide 11v, carbocyclic puromycin, fenbendazole, acetylcaranine, tigecycline, and tamoxifen, were reported in earlier literature for their antimicrobial activity. Morphological observation via scanning electron microscope (SEM), cell membrane permeability, and integrity assessment suggest G. boninense extract induces irreversible damage to the cell membrane of MRSA, thus causing cellular lysis and death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khim-Phin Chong
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
El-Ghonemy DH. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of exopolysaccharides produced by a novel Aspergillus sp. DHE6 under optimized submerged fermentation conditions. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
15
|
Production of bioactive selenium enriched crude exopolysaccharides via selenourea and sodium selenite bioconversion using Trametes versicolor. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Sulej J, Jaszek M, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Matuszewska A, Bancerz R, Janczarek M. Natural microbial polysaccharides as effective factors for modification of the catalytic properties of fungal cellobiose dehydrogenase. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4433-4448. [PMID: 34132850 PMCID: PMC8360876 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are biopolymers composed of simple sugars like glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, etc. The major natural sources for the production of polysaccharides include plants and microorganisms. In the present work, four bacterial and two fungal polysaccharides (PS or EPS) were used for the modification and preservation of Pycnoporus sanguineus cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) activity. It was found that the presence of polysaccharide preparations clearly enhanced the stability of cellobiose dehydrogenase compared to the control value (4 °C). The highest stabilization effect was observed for CDH modified with Rh110EPS. Changes in the optimum pH in the samples of CDH incubated with the chosen polysaccharide modifiers were evidenced as well. The most significant effect was observed for Rh24EPS and Cu139PS (pH 3.5). Cyclic voltammetry used for the analysis of electrochemical parameters of modified CDH showed the highest peak values after 30 days of incubation with polysaccharides at 4 °C. In summary, natural polysaccharides seem to be an effective biotechnological tool for the modification of CDH activity to increase the possibilities of its practical applications in many fields of industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Sulej
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Matuszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Bancerz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Janczarek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abdullah NR, Sharif F, Azizan NH, Hafidz IFM, Supramani S, Usuldin SRA, Ahmad R, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI. Pellet diameter of Ganoderma lucidum in a repeated-batch fermentation for the trio total production of biomass-exopolysaccharide-endopolysaccharide and its anti-oral cancer beta-glucan response. AIMS Microbiol 2020; 6:379-400. [PMID: 33364534 PMCID: PMC7755588 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pellet morphology and diameter range (DR) of Ganoderma lucidum were observed in a repeated-batch fermentation (RBF) for the trio total production of biomass, exopolysaccharide (EPS) and endopolysaccharide (ENS). Two factors were involved in RBF; broth replacement ratio (BRR: 60%, 75% and 90%) and broth replacement time point (BRTP: log, transition and stationary phase) in days. In RBF, 34.31 g/L of biomass favoured small-compact pellets with DR of 20.67 µm< d < 24.00 µm (75% BRR, day 11 of BRTP). EPS production of 4.34 g/L was prone to ovoid-starburst pellets with DR of 34.33 µm< d <35.67 µm (75% BRR, day 13 of BRTP). Meanwhile, the highest 2.43 g/L of ENS production favoured large-hollow pellets with DR of 34.00 µm< d < 38.67 µm (90% BRR, day 13 of BRTP). In addition, RBF successfully shortened the biomass-EPS–ENS fermentation period (31, 33 and 35 days) from batch to 5 days, in seven consecutive cycles of RBF. In a FTIR detection, β-glucan (BG) from EPS and ENS extracts were associated with β-glycosidic linkages (2925 cm−1, 1635 cm−1, 1077 cm−1, 920 cm−1 and 800 cm−1 wavelengths) with similar 1H NMR spectral behaviour (4.58, 3.87 and 3.81 ppm). Meanwhile, 4 mg/L of BG gave negative cytotoxic effects on normal gingival cell line (hGF) but induced antiproliferation (IC50 = 0.23 mg/mL) against cancerous oral Asian cellosaurus cell line (ORL-48). Together, this study proved that G. lucidum mycelial pellets could withstand seven cycles of long fermentation condition and possessed anti-oral cancer beta-glucan, which suits large-scale natural drug fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Raihan Abdullah
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Faez Sharif
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hafizah Azizan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Fitri Mohd Hafidz
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sugenendran Supramani
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Rokhiyah Ahmad Usuldin
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Malaysia (ABI), National Institutes Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), C/O HQ MARDI, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahayu Ahmad
- Halal Action Laboratory, Kolej Genius Insan, University Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Bioscience Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen Y, Gao J, Chen Q, Liu W, Qi Y, Aisa HA, Yuan T. Applanaic acids A-C, three new highly oxygenated lanostane triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:3918-3924. [PMID: 32252566 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1749612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Three new highly oxygenated lanostane triterpenoids, applanaic acids A-C (1-3), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Ganoderma applanatum. Among them, applanaic acid B (2) possessed the Δ17(20)-double bond connection between the side chain and the tetracyclic skeleton, which was not common in the natural lanostane triterpenoids. Their structures were determined by 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic analysis. Compound 3 showed a weak acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitory activity with 33.5% inhibition rate at 50 μM.[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, and State Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qibin Chen
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, and State Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanru Qi
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, and State Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, and State Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mirzaei Seveiri R, Hamidi M, Delattre C, Sedighian H, Pierre G, Rahmani B, Darzi S, Brasselet C, Karimitabar F, Razaghpoor A, Amani J. Characterization and Prospective Applications of the Exopolysaccharides Produced by Rhodosporidium babjevae. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:254-263. [PMID: 32373494 PMCID: PMC7191244 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Due to the potential industrial and therapeutic applications of the yeast exopolysaccharides (EPSs), there has been an increasing demand to assess these biopolymers with improved characteristics. This study aimed to characterize the EPSs from Rhodosporidium babjevae (ATCC 90942 and IBRC-M 30088) as well as to evaluate their possible antioxidant, emulsifying and antiproliferative activities. Methods: Rhodosporidium babjevae was cultured for 5 days and following isolation of supernatant, EPSs precipitated with adding of cold absolute ethanol and freeze-dried. The EPSs chemical structure was determined by FT-IR, SEM, HPLC-SEC and GC-MS. Additionally the solubility, water holding capacity and emulsifying activity of EPSs were evaluated. In vitro, antioxidant activity was investigated against DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Finally the EPSs consequence on the cell proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Results: R. babjevae excreted 1.6±0.2 g/L of the EPSs. The EPSs had three fractions with molecular weights of 1.02 ×106 , 5×105 and 2×105 Da. Mannose and glucose were found as the main monosaccharides of the EPSs (84:16 mol%, respectively). The EPSs exhibited emulsifying activity on sun flower oil. The scavenging activities were found to be dose-dependent and higher than hyaluronic acid. Significant difference among the EPSs treatments on the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDCK cell lines was not observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: These results show the interesting potential of the EPSs from R. babjevae as biocompatible compounds for using in food and pharmaceutical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Food and Drug Research Center, Vice-Chancellery of Food and Drug, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Babak Rahmani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sina Darzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Clément Brasselet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fatemeh Karimitabar
- Food and Drug Research Center, Vice-Chancellery of Food and Drug, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Razaghpoor
- Student Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Varghese R, Dalvi YB, Lamrood PY, Shinde BP, Nair CKK. Historical and current perspectives on therapeutic potential of higher basidiomycetes: an overview. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:362. [PMID: 31572645 PMCID: PMC6749005 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are macroscopic fungi which can be either epigeous or hypogeous and is estimated to be 140,000 on earth, yet only 10% are known. Since ancient time, it played a diverse role in human history for mycolatry, mycophagy and as medicine in folklore and religion. Many Asian and western countries consider mushrooms as panacea for a large number of diseases and utilized for consumption as a gourmet food for its taste as well as flavor. In recent years, scientific research fraternities have confirmed that various extracts and metabolites of mushrooms used traditionally are able to treat a wide range of diseases due to their balanced modulation of multiple targets thereby providing a greater therapeutic effect or equivalent curative effect to that of modern medicine. Medicinal mushrooms especially those belonging to higher basidiomycete groups are reservoir of bioactive compounds with multiple therapeutic properties. The present review provides historical importance as well as an updated information on pharmacologically relevant higher basidiomycetes belong to the genus Agaricus, Auricularia, Phellinus, Ganoderma, Pleurotus, Trametes and Lentinus and their biologically active secondary metabolites. This will help the researchers to understand various type of secondary metabolites, their therapeutic role and related in vivo or in vitro work at a glance. The mounting evidences from several scientific community across the globe, regarding various therapeutic applications of mushroom extracts, unarguably make it an advance research area worth mass attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Varghese
- Pushpagiri Research Centre, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Tiruvalla, Kerala 689101 India
- MACFAST, Tiruvalla, Kerala India
| | - Yogesh Bharat Dalvi
- Pushpagiri Research Centre, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Tiruvalla, Kerala 689101 India
| | - Prasad Y. Lamrood
- Department of Botany, Ahmednagar College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Ahmednagar, Maharashtra India
| | - Bharat P. Shinde
- Vidya Pratishthan’s Arts Science Commerce College, Baramati, Maharashtra India
| | - C. K. K. Nair
- MACFAST, Tiruvalla, Kerala India
- St. Gregorios Dental College and Research Centre, Kothamangalam, Kerala India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Chemical constituents of thermal stress induced Ganoderma applantum (Per.) secondary metabolites on larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and histopathological effects in mosquito larvae. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Fooladi T, Soudi MR, Alimadadi N, Savedoroudi P, Heravi MM. Bioactive exopolysaccharide from Neopestalotiopsis sp. strain SKE15: Production, characterization and optimization. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:127-139. [PMID: 30710587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungal exopolysaccharides are powerful resources of medicinal applications. Neopestalotiopsis sp. SKE15 was isolated and identified according to phenotypical and genotypical analyses (GenBank Accession No. MG649986). The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was produced by cultivation of mycelia in broth culture and extracted. The production was optimized to 2.02 g/l after selection of agitation, temperature, FeSO4 and K2HPO4 concentrations as the most influencing factors using Placket-Burman design and then by applying response surface methodology. Analytical Tools showed that the EPS is composed of a polysaccharide (1.5-2.1 × 106 Da) and its probable low molecular weight derivatives, in a wide range of chain lengths, among them an oligosaccharide of about 1970 Da was dominant. GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis revealed the EPS was mainly constructed from d-glucose, sorbitol and D-galactose. The EPS showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity assays showed strong antioxidant activity of the EPS. A challenge with three different cancerous cell lines showed cytotoxic activity of the EPS at final concentration of 100 and 200 μg/ml. Further investigation on medicinal applications of the biopolymer is promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Fooladi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, 1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Soudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, 1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nayyereh Alimadadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, 1993893973, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Savedoroudi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, District 1, Daneshjou Boulevard, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Momhed Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, 1993893973, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jaros D, Köbsch J, Rohm H. Exopolysaccharides from Basidiomycota: Formation, isolation and techno-functional properties. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:743-752. [PMID: 32624868 PMCID: PMC6999363 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This Mini Review gives an overview of and respective references for the production and properties of exopolysaccharides from Basidiomycota in submerged cultivation. Media and conditions that are usually applied in laboratory culture are summarized, and the lack of studies related to up-scaling is addressed. Procedures for isolation and purification of the exopolysaccharides from the fermentation media are reviewed, and challenges related to exopolysaccharide quantification are discussed. Finally, the techno-functional properties of the respective exopolysaccharides, and potential applications in foods are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Jaros
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Johannes Köbsch
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Harald Rohm
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bancerz R, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Jaszek M, Sulej J, Wiater A, Matuszewska A, Rogalski J. Fungal polysaccharides as a water-adsorbing material in esters production with the use of lipase from Rhizomucor variabilis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:957-964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Elkhateeb WA, Zaghlol GM, El-Garawani IM, Ahmed EF, Rateb ME, Abdel Moneim AE. Ganoderma applanatum secondary metabolites induced apoptosis through different pathways: In vivo and in vitro anticancer studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:264-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
27
|
Huynh TTM, Phung TV, Stephenson SL, Tran HTM. Biological activities and chemical compositions of slime tracks and crude exopolysaccharides isolated from plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum and Physarella oblonga. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:76. [PMID: 29121887 PMCID: PMC5679387 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The myxomycetes derive their common name (slime molds) from the multinucleate trophic stage (plasmodium) in the life cycle, which typically produces a noticeable amount of slimy materials, some of which is normally left behind as a "slime track" as the plasmodium migrates over the surface of a particular substrate. The study reported herein apparently represents the first attempt to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of slime tracks and the exopolysaccharides (EPS) which cover the surface of the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum and Physarella oblonga. RESULTS Chemical analyses indicated that the slime tracks and samples of the EPS consist largely of carbohydrates, proteins and various sulphate groups. Galactose, glucose and rhamnose are the monomers of the cabohydrates present. The slime tracks of both species and the EPS of Phy. oblonga contained rhamnose, but the EPS of Ph. polycephalum had glucose as the major monomer. In term of biological activities, the slime tracks displayed no antimicrobial activity, low anticancer activity and only moderate antioxidant activity. However, EPSs from both species showed remarkable antimicrobial activities, especially toward Candida albicans (zone of inhibition ≥20 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of this fungus were found to be 2560 μg/mL and 1280 μg/mL for EPS from Phy. oblonga and Ph. polycephalum, respectively. These EPS samples also showed moderate antioxidant activities. However, they both displayed cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. Notably, EPS isolated from the plasmodium of Phy. oblonga inhibited the cell growth of MCF-7 and HepG2 at the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.22 and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS EPS from Ph. polycephalum plasmodium could be a potential source of antifungal compounds, and EPS from Phy. oblonga could be a potential source of anticancer compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen T M Huynh
- School of Biotechnology, International University, VNU-HCM, Block 6, LinhTrung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Trung V Phung
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 01-Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Steven L Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Hanh T M Tran
- School of Biotechnology, International University, VNU-HCM, Block 6, LinhTrung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Economou CN, Diamantopoulou PA, Philippoussis AN. Valorization of spent oyster mushroom substrate and laccase recovery through successive solid state cultivation of Pleurotus, Ganoderma, and Lentinula strains. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5213-5222. [PMID: 28361237 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Pleurotus ostreatus was supplemented with wheat bran and soybean flour in various proportions to obtain C/N ratios of 10, 20, and 30, and their effect was evaluated in successive cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus pulmonarius, Ganoderma adspersum, Ganoderma resinaceum, and Lentinula edodes strains with respect to mycelium growth rate, biomass concentration, recovery of the enzyme laccase and crude exopolysaccharides, and also with additional fruiting body production. All fungi showed the highest growth rate on unamended SMS (C/N 30), with G. resinaceum being the fastest colonizer (Kr = 9.84 mm day-1), while biomass concentration maximized at C/N 10. Moreover, supplementation affected positively laccase activity, with P. pulmonarius furnishing the highest value (44,363.22 U g-1) at C/N 20. On the contrary, L. edodes growth, fruiting, and laccase secretion were not favored by SMS supplementation. Fruiting body formation was promoted at C/N 30 for Ganoderma and at C/N 20 for Pleurotus species. Exopolysaccharide production of further studied Pleurotus strains was favored at a C/N 20 ratio, at the initial stage of SMS colonization. The obtained results support the potential effective utilization of supplemented SMS for laccase production from Ganoderma spp. and for new fruiting body production of Pleurotus spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina N Economou
- Laboratory of Edible Fungi, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou Street, 14123, Lykovryssi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Panagiota A Diamantopoulou
- Laboratory of Edible Fungi, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou Street, 14123, Lykovryssi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Antonios N Philippoussis
- Laboratory of Edible Fungi, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou Street, 14123, Lykovryssi, Attiki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Comparison of multielemental composition of Polish and Chinese mushrooms (Ganoderma spp.). Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
30
|
Polysaccharide of Dendrobium huoshanense activates macrophages via toll-like receptor 4-mediated signaling pathways. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:292-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
31
|
Utilization of Paneer Whey Waste for Cost-Effective Production of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:383-399. [PMID: 27142272 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at isolating rhamnolipid biosurfactant-producing bacteria that could utilize paneer whey, an abundant waste source as sole medium for the production purpose. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, SR17, was isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil that could efficiently utilize paneer whey for rhamnolipid production and reduce surface tension of the medium from 52 to 26.5 mN/m. The yield of biosurfactant obtained was 2.7 g/l, upgraded to 4.8 g/l when supplemented with 2 % glucose and mineral salts. Biochemical, FTIR, and LC-MS analysis revealed that extracted biosurfactant is a combination of both mono and di-rhamnolipid congeners. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was measured to be 110 mg/l. Emulsification activity of the biosurfactant against n-hexadecane, olive oil, kerosene, diesel oil, engine oil, and crude oil were found to be 83, 88, 81, 92, 86, and 100 %, respectively. The rhamnolipid was detected to be non-toxic against mouse fibroblastic cell line L292.
Collapse
|
32
|
Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A, Jaroszuk-Ściseł J, Szałapata K, Nowak A, Jaszek M, Ozimek E, Majewska M. Extracellular polysaccharides from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota: production conditions, biochemical characteristics, and biological properties. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1823-44. [PMID: 26340934 PMCID: PMC4621709 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides (PSs) are the subject of research in many fields of science and industry. Many properties of PSs have already been confirmed and the list of postulated functions continues to grow. Fungal PSs are classified into different groups according to systematic affinity, structure (linear and branched), sugar composition (homo- and heteropolysaccharides), type of bonds between the monomers (β-(1 → 3), β-(1 → 6), and α-(1 → 3)) and their location in the cell (cell wall PSs, exoPSs, and endoPSs). Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are most frequently studied fungal PSs but their definition, classification, and origin are still not clear and should be explained. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi producing EPS have different ecological positions (saprotrophic and endophytic, pathogenic or symbiotic-mycorrhizae fungi); therefore, EPSs play different biological functions, for example in the protection against environmental stress factors and in interactions with other organisms. EPSs obtained from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungal cultures are known for their antioxidant, immunostimulating, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties. The major objective of the presented review article was to provide a detailed description of the state-of-the-art knowledge of the effectiveness of EPS production by filamentous and yeast Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi and techniques of derivation of EPSs, their biochemical characteristics, and biological properties allowing comprehensive analysis as well as indication of similarities and differences between these fungal groups. Understanding the role of EPSs in a variety of processes and their application in food or pharmaceutical industries requires improvement of the techniques of their derivation, purification, and characterization. The detailed analyses of data concerning the derivation and application of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota EPSs can facilitate development and trace the direction of application of these EPSs in different branches of industry, agriculture, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Jarosz-Wilkołazka
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szałapata
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Nowak
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Ozimek
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Majewska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bancerz R, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Jaszek M, Janusz G, Stefaniuk D, Sulej J, Janczarek M, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A, Rogalski J. New alkaline lipase fromRhizomucor variabilis: Biochemical properties and stability in the presence of microbial EPS. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:67-76. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bancerz
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Grzegorz Janusz
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Dawid Stefaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Justyna Sulej
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Monika Janczarek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology; Marai Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Rogalski
- Department of Biochemistry; Maria Curie-Sklodowska University; Lublin Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kumar A, Sharma KK, Kumar P, Ramchiary N. Laccase isozymes from Ganoderma lucidum MDU-7: Isolation, characterization, catalytic properties and differential role during oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
35
|
Pathak M, Devi A, Bhattacharyya KG, Sarma HK, Subudhi S, Lal B. Production of a non-cytotoxic bioflocculant by a bacterium utilizing a petroleum hydrocarbon source and its application in heavy metal removal. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08636a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterium isolated from the activated sludge of an oil refinery of Assam, India retained efficient bioflocculating activity through production of the bioflocculant when it was grown on a crude oil amended medium void of any other carbon source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pathak
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory
- Resource Management and Environment Section
- Life Science Division
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati
| | - A. Devi
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory
- Resource Management and Environment Section
- Life Science Division
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati
| | | | - H. K. Sarma
- Department of Biotechnology
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati
- India
| | - S. Subudhi
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division
- The Energy and Resources Institute
- New Delhi
- India
| | - B. Lal
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division
- The Energy and Resources Institute
- New Delhi
- India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Wlizło K, Szałapata K, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Correlation between the production of exopolysaccharides and oxalic acid secretion by Ganoderma applanatum and Tyromyces palustris. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:3065-74. [PMID: 25178492 PMCID: PMC4210633 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of exopolysaccharides and oxalic acid in cultures of a white rot Ganoderma applanatum strain and a brown rot Tyromyces palustris strain were tested in terms of culture time, pH range, and temperature. The high yield of exopolysaccharides (EPS) required a moderate temperature of 28 °C for G. applanatum and 20 °C for T. palustris. G. applanatum and T. palustris accumulated more EPS when the concentration of the carbon source (maltose for G. applanatum and fructose for T. palustris) was 30 g/L. The results indicate that the production of oxalic acid by G. applanatum is correlated with the initial pH value of the culture medium and the concentration of oxalic acid increased to 1.66 ± 0.2 mM at the initial pH of 6.5 during the fungal growth. During the growth of T. palustris, the reduction of the initial pH value of the growing medium lowered the oxalic acid concentration from 7.7 ± 0.6 mM at pH 6.0 to 1.99 ± 0.2 mM at pH 3.5. T. palustris accumulated considerably more oxalic acid than G. applanatum and its presence did not affect significantly the production of exopolysaccharides. We also observed that the maximum amounts of exopolysaccharides secreted during cultivation of G. applanatum and T. palustris were 45.8 ± 1.2 and 19.1 ± 1.2 g/L, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka Street 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|