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V S, Pattanaik A, Marate S, Mani RS, Pai AR, Mukhopadhyay C. Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review. Neurol Res Pract 2024; 6:21. [PMID: 38600592 PMCID: PMC11008014 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-024-00315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neuropathy. Antecedent infections have been seen to be significant triggering factors for developing GBS. Among them, arboviral infections are rapidly gaining importance as significant triggers, especially in the areas where they are endemic. Chikungunya, an arboviral infection that usually causes a self-limiting acute febrile illness can lead to GBS as one its severe complications. Herein, we describe a case of a 21-year-old female who presented with weakness in all four limbs and paresthesia. Nerve conduction study and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed axonal, demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy with albuminocytological dissociation indicating Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) variant of GBS. Serum IgM antibodies against ganglioside GM1 were detected. Anti-Chikungunya IgM antibodies were found in both serum and CSF samples. The patient was initiated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. In view of hypoxia, she was intubated and was on mechanical ventilation. After 2 weeks of being comatose, the patient gradually improved and was discharged with no sequelae.A literature review on antecedent infections in GBS is presented alongside the case report to better understand the association of GBS with antecedent infections, especially the endemic arboviral infections like Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. This will help in reinforcing the significance of having robust surveillance and public health control measures for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreelakshmi V
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Amrita Pattanaik
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Srilatha Marate
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Reeta S Mani
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Aparna R Pai
- Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Massa F, Vigo T, Bellucci M, Giunti D, Emanuela MM, Visigalli D, Capodivento G, Cerne D, Assini A, Boni S, Rizzi D, Narciso E, Grisanti GS, Coco E, Uccelli A, Schenone A, Franciotta D, Benedetti L. COVID-19-associated serum and cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in post- versus para-infectious SARS-CoV-2-related Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:849-859. [PMID: 38169013 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Coronavirus-2-related severe acute respiratory syndrome (COV-GBS) occurs as para- or post-infectious forms, depending on the timing of disease onset. In these two forms, we aimed to compare the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum proinflammatory cytokine profiles to evaluate differences that could possibly have co-pathogenic relevance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied a retrospective cohort of 26 patients with either post-COV-GBS (n = 15), with disease onset occurring > 7 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, or para-COV-GBS (n = 11), with disease onset 7 days or less. TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured in the serum with SimplePlex™ Ella™ immunoassay. In addition to the para-/post-COV-GBS patients, serum levels of these cytokines were determined in those with non-COVID-associated-GBS (NC-GBS; n = 43), paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection without GBS (COVID, n = 20), and in healthy volunteers (HV; n = 12). CSF cytokine levels were measured in patients with para-/post-COV-GBS, in those with NC-GBS (n = 29), or with Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 24). RESULTS Serum/CSF cytokine levels did not differ in para- vs post-COV-GBS. We found that SARS-CoV-2 infection raises the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, as well as an increase of IL-6 (in serum and CSF) and IL-8 (in CSF) in either NC-GBS or COV-GBS than controls. CSF and serum cytokine levels resulted independent one with another. CONCLUSIONS The change of cytokines linked to SARS-CoV-2 in COV-GBS appears to be driven by viral infection, although it has unique characteristics in GBS as such and does not account for cases with para- or post-infectious onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Massa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Vigo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Margherita Bellucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Debora Giunti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Davide Visigalli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Capodivento
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Denise Cerne
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Assini
- Neurology Unit, Galliera Hospital, Via Mura Delle Cappuccine 14, 1628, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Boni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Galliera Hospital, Via Mura Delle Cappuccine 14, 1628, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenica Rizzi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Narciso
- Department of Neurology, ASL3 Genovese, Corso Onofrio Scassi 1, 16149, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stefano Grisanti
- Department of Neurology, Santa Corona Hospital, Viale XXV Aprile 38, 17027, Pietra Ligure, Savona, Italy
| | - Elena Coco
- Department of Neurology, Santa Corona Hospital, Viale XXV Aprile 38, 17027, Pietra Ligure, Savona, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Luana Benedetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
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de Sales-Neto JM, Madruga Carvalho DC, Arruda Magalhães DW, Araujo Medeiros AB, Soares MM, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Zika virus: Antiviral immune response, inflammation, and cardiotonic steroids as antiviral agents. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111368. [PMID: 38103408 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus first reported from humans in Nigeria in 1954. The first outbreak occurred in Micronesia followed by an outbreak in French Polynesia and another in Brazil when the virus was associated with numerous cases of severe neurological manifestations such as Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and congenital zika syndrome in fetuses, particularly congenital microcephaly. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against ZIKV through triggering an antiviral immune response. Along with innate immune responses, a sufficient balance between anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the amount of these cytokines are triggered to enhance the antiviral responses. Here, we reviewed the complex interplay between the mediators and signal pathways that coordinate antiviral immune response and inflammation as a key to understanding the development of the underlying diseases triggered by ZIKV. In addition, we summarize current and new therapeutic strategies for ZIKV infection, highlighting cardiotonic steroids as antiviral drugs for the development of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marreiro de Sales-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mariana Mendonça Soares
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenhas
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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Li X, Yang L, Wang G, Yuan Y, Wei N, Yang W, Wang X, Wang Z. Extensive cytokine biomarker analysis in serum of Guillain-Barré syndrome patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8354. [PMID: 37221406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35610-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute idiopathic polyneuropathy which is related to infection and immune mechanism. The exact pathogenesis of the disease is unknown and treatment is limited. Thus, the purpose of the study is to identify biomarkers of GBS serum and elucidate their involvement in the underlying pathogenesis of GBS that could help to treat GBS more accurately. Antibody array technology was used to detect the expression levels of 440 proteins in serum of 5 GBS group and 5 healthy control group. Sixty-seven differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by antibody array, among which FoLR1, Legumain, ErbB4, IL-1α, MIP-1α and IGF-2 were down-regulated, while 61 proteins were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that most DEPs were associated with leukocytes, among which IL-1α, SDF-1b, B7-1, CD40, CTLA4, IL-9, MIP-1α and CD40L were in the center of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Subsequently, the ability of these DEPs to distinguish GBS from healthy control was further evaluated. CD23 was identified by means of Random Forests Analysis (RFA) and verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ROC curve result of CD23 respectively displayed that its sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 0.818, 0.800 and 0.824. We speculate that activation of leukocyte proliferation and migration in circulating blood might be associated with inflammatory recruitment of peripheral nerves, leading to the occurrence and development of GBS, but this conclusion still requires deeper confirmation. More importantly, central proteins may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of GBS. In addition, we detected IL-1α, IL-9, and CD23 in the serum of GBS patients for the first time, which may be promising biomarkers for the treatment of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yanping Yuan
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Na Wei
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Wanqiu Yang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- The No.1 People's Hospital of Shizuishan, Shizuishan, 753200, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhenhai Wang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
- Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
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Cao Y, Ji S, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ding G, Tang F. Association between autoimmune diseases of the nervous system and schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 122:152370. [PMID: 36709559 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have found an association between autoimmune diseases of the nervous system (ADNS) and schizophrenia (SCZ), but the findings remain controversial. We conducted the first meta-analysis to summarize the current evidence from cohort studies that evaluated the association between ADNS and SCZ. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were comprehensively searched until May 30, 2022 for articles on the association between ADNS and SCZ. Every included study was reported effect size with 95% CIs for the association between ADNS and SCZ. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were used to assess the heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 8 cohort studies with 12 cohorts were included in the meta-analysis. We observed a significant association between ADNS and SCZ (RR = 1.42; 95%CI, 1.18-1.72). Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of SCZ was significantly increased when ADNS were used as exposure factors (RR = 1.48; 95%CI, 1.15-1.89), whereas with SCZ did not observe an increased risk of subsequent ADNS (RR = 1.33; 95%CI, 0.92-1.92); multiple sclerosis (MS) was positively associated with SCZ (RR = 1.36; 95%CI, 1.12-1.66), but no significant association was found between Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and SCZ (RR = 1.90; 95%CI, 0.87-4.17). Meanwhile, we found location was the source of heterogeneity. LIMITATIONS High heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 92.0%), and only English literature was included in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found a positive association between ADNS and SCZ, and the association was different across the different types of ADNS. The results of the study are helpful for clinicians to carry out targeted preventive measures for ADNS and SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Cao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Shuang Ji
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Tang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China; Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Bedoui Y, De Larichaudy D, Daniel M, Ah-Pine F, Selambarom J, Guiraud P, Gasque P. Deciphering the Role of Schwann Cells in Inflammatory Peripheral Neuropathies Post Alphavirus Infection. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010100. [PMID: 36611893 PMCID: PMC9916230 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Old world alphaviruses (e.g., chikungunya) are known to cause severe acute and chronic debilitating arthralgia/arthritis. However, atypical neurological manifestations and, in particular, unexpected cases of acute inflammatory Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) have been associated with the arthritogenic alphaviruses. The pathogenesis of alphavirus-associated GBS remains unclear. We herein addressed for the first time the role of Schwann cells (SC) in peripheral neuropathy post-alphaviral infection using the prototypical ONNV alphavirus model. We demonstrated that human SC expressed the recently identified alphavirus receptor MxRA8 and granting viral entry and robust replication. A canonical innate immune response was engaged by ONNV-infected SC with elevated gene expression for RIG-I, MDA5, IFN-β, and ISG15 and inflammatory chemokine CCL5. Transcription levels of prostaglandin E2-metabolizing enzymes including cPLA2α, COX-2, and mPGES-1 were also upregulated in ONNV-infected SC. Counterintuitively, we found that ONNV failed to affect SC regenerative properties as indicated by elevated expression of the pro-myelinating genes MPZ and MBP1 as well as the major pro-myelin transcription factor Egr2. While ONNV infection led to decreased expression of CD55 and CD59, essential to control complement bystander cytotoxicity, it increased TRAIL expression, a major pro-apoptotic T cell signal. Anti-apoptotic Bcl2 transcription levels were also increased in infected SC. Hence, our study provides new insights regarding the remarkable immunomodulatory role of SC of potential importance in the pathogenesis of GBS following alphavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Bedoui
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
- Laboratoire D’immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la Zone de L’océan Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Dauriane De Larichaudy
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Matthieu Daniel
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
- Laboratoire D’immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la Zone de L’océan Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Franck Ah-Pine
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
- Laboratoire D’immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la Zone de L’océan Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France
- Service D’anatomopathologie du CHU Sud de La Réunion, 97410 Saint Pierre, France
| | - Jimmy Selambarom
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Pascale Guiraud
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Université de La Réunion, CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France; (D.D.L.); (M.D.); (F.A.-P.); (J.S.); (P.G.); (P.G.)
- Laboratoire D’immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la Zone de L’océan Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La Réunion Site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France
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Ding Y, Shi Y, Wang L, Li G, Osman RA, Sun J, Qian L, Zheng G, Zhang G. Potential biomarkers identified by tandem mass tags based quantitative proteomics for diagnosis and classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Eur J Neurol 2021; 29:1155-1164. [PMID: 34913222 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system. Currently, valid biomarkers are unavailable for the diagnosis of GBS. METHODS A comparative proteomics analysis was performed on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 10 patients with GBS and 10 patients with noninflammatory neurological disease (NND) using the tandem mass tags technique. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics, and then the candidate proteins were validated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in another cohort containing 160 samples (paired CSF and plasma of 40 patients with GBS, CSF of 40 NND patients and plasma of 40 healthy individuals). RESULTS In all, 298 proteins were successfully identified in the CSF samples, of which 97 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the GBS and NND groups. Three key molecules were identified as candidate molecules for further validation. The CSF levels of TGOLN2 and NCAM1 decreased in GBS patients compared with NND patients, whereas the CSF levels of APOC3 increased. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results were consistent with our proteomics analysis. Interestingly, in the validation cohort, serum APOC3 levels in the GBS group were consistent with those in the CSF samples and significantly higher than those in the healthy control group. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary data suggest that the CSF protein expression profile of patients with GBS is different from that of patients with NND. Moreover, alterations of TGOLN2, NCAM1and APOC3 may be used as novel biomarkers for identifying patients with GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Ding
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Shi
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoge Li
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rasha Alsamani Osman
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Jialu Sun
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingye Qian
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing, China
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Li H, Liu S, Han J, Li S, Gao X, Wang M, Zhu J, Jin T. Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Neuroimmune Diseases: Therapeutic Targets and Problems. Front Immunol 2021; 12:777606. [PMID: 34790205 PMCID: PMC8591135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.777606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins playing a key role in innate and adaptive immune responses. TLRs are involved in the development and progression of neuroimmune diseases via initiating inflammatory responses. Thus, targeting TLRs signaling pathway may be considered as a potential therapy for neuroimmune diseases. However, the role of TLRs is elusive and complex in neuroimmune diseases. In addition to the inadequate immune response of TLRs inhibitors in the experiments, the recent studies also demonstrated that partial activation of TLRs is conducive to the production of anti-inflammatory factors and nervous system repair. Exploring the mechanism of TLRs in neuroimmune diseases and combining with developing the emerging drug may conquer neuroimmune diseases in the future. Herein, we provide an overview of the role of TLRs in several neuroimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome and myasthenia gravis. Emerging difficulties and potential solutions in clinical application of TLRs inhibitors will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Shengxian Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Zhang H, Zhao H, Yang G, Li Y, Liu Y. Gene Polymorphisms of Interleukin-27 Correlate with the Susceptibility, Severity, and Clinical Outcomes of Elderly People with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Gerontology 2021; 68:854-860. [PMID: 34607327 DOI: 10.1159/000519227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a common autoimmune disease in the peripheral nervous system. This study aimed to elucidate the role of IL-27 gene polymorphisms in elderly people with GBS. METHODS A total of 395 healthy subjects and 422 GBS patients with an average age of 63 years old were included in this study. Peripheral blood samples were collected. The 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-27, namely, rs153109 and rs785575, of GBS patients were analyzed using the PCR method and compared with those of the healthy controls. The correlations of IL-27 SNPs with disease severity, disease outcome, level of anti-GM1 antibodies, and Campylobacter jejuni infection were assessed. Serum levels of IL-27 of healthy subjects and GBS patients were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS No significant differences in the frequencies of rs785575 SNPs between GBS and healthy subjects were observed. In analyzing rs153109 SNPs, the G allele was found to be more prevalent in the GBS patients (p = 0.012). More alleles show GG genotype in GBS patients (p = 0.023). The -964A>G allele has a higher prevalence in severely affected and anti-GM1-Ab-positive GBS patients. GBS patients with the rs153109 SNP showed a poor clinical outcome than those without rs153109 SNP (p = 0.012). GBS patients showed higher serum IL-27 levels than healthy subjects (p < 0.001). The levels of IL-27 were also higher in GBS patients with genotypes of AG and GG, and those with GG genotypes showed the highest IL-27 levels. CONCLUSION The rs153109 SNP is more prevalent in GBS patients with the GG and G allele and is associated with severer GBS, poorer clinical outcomes, and higher IL-27 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Guotao Yang
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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10
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Stoian A, Bălașa R, Grigorescu BL, Maier S, Andone S, Cocuz IG, Bajko Z, Filep CR, Stoian M. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Covid-19: A close relationship or just a coincidence? (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:916. [PMID: 34306190 PMCID: PMC8281479 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several neurological complications affecting the central and peripheral nervous system were described secondary to COVID-19 infection such as hyposmia, headache, nausea, impaired consciousness, psychosis, neurocognitive syndromes and even cerebrovascular accidents. The mechanism of these complications is not fully understood, but heterogenous mechanisms such as cytokine storm, secondary hypercoagulability and direct neurotropism of the virus are thought to be involved. Guillain-Barré syndrome is a heterogeneous disease that frequently follows a bacterial or viral infection. During the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several isolated case reports and case series have suggested an association between this viral infection and the occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The main mechanism of Guillain-Barré syndrome is probably post-viral dysregulation of the immune system generated by SARS-CoV-2. The clinical characteristics and disease evolution seem to be similar to those observed in Guillain-Barré syndrome secondary to other etiologies. The aim of the present review is to summarize the relevant literature regarding SARS-CoV-2-related Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Stoian
- Department of Pathophysiology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Rodica Bălașa
- Department of Neurology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Bianca Liana Grigorescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Smaranda Maier
- Department of Neurology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Sebastian Andone
- Department of Neurology, 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz
- Department of Pathophysiology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Zoltan Bajko
- Department of Neurology, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Cristian Rares Filep
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Mircea Stoian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
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11
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Shen D, Chu F, Lang Y, Zheng C, Li C, Liu K, Zhu J. Nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor suppresses experimental autoimmune neuritis in mice via declining macrophages polarization to M1 type. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 206:110-117. [PMID: 34118070 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory and immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Macrophages play a central role in its animal model, experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), which has been well accepted. Additionally, nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitors have been used to treat cancers and have shown beneficial effects. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of M2 macrophage and the NF-κB pathway's correlation with macrophage activation in EAN in C57BL/6 mice. We demonstrate that M2 macrophage transfusion could alleviate the clinical symptoms of EAN by reducing the proportion of M1 macrophage in the peak period, inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. The NF-κB inhibitor (BAY-11-7082) could alleviate the clinical symptoms of EAN and shorten the duration of symptoms by reducing the proportion of M1 macrophages and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Consequently, BAY-11-7082 exhibits strong potential as a therapeutic strategy for ameliorating EAN by influencing the balance of M1/M2 macrophages and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Shen
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengna Chu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yue Lang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Oladiran O, Shi XQ, Yang M, Fournier S, Zhang J. Inhibition of TLR4 signaling protects mice from sensory and motor dysfunction in an animal model of autoimmune peripheral neuropathy. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:77. [PMID: 33752705 PMCID: PMC7983271 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the etiology remains elusive, macrophages and T cells in peripheral nerves are considered as effector cells mediating autoimmune peripheral neuropathy (APN), such as Guillain-Barre syndrome. By recognizing both pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signals, TLRs play a central role in the initiation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we aimed to understand the involvement of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of APN and explore the potential of TLR4 as a drug target for therapeutic use. METHODS APN was induced by a partial ligation on one of the sciatic nerves in B7.2 (L31) transgenic mice which possess a predisposed inflammatory background. APN pathology and neurological function were evaluated on the other non-injured sciatic nerve. RESULTS TLR4 and its endogenous ligand HMGB1 were highly expressed in L31 mice, in circulating immune cells and in peripheral nerves. Enhanced TLR4 signaling was blocked with TAK 242, a selective TLR4 inhibitor, before and after disease onset. Intraperitoneal administration of TAK 242 not only inhibited monocyte, macrophage and CD8+ T cell activation, but also reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. TAK 242 protected mice from severe myelin and axonal loss, resulting in a remarkable improvement in mouse motor and sensory functions. TAK 242 was effective in alleviating the disease in both preventive and reversal paradigms. CONCLUSION The study identified the critical contribution of TLR4-mediated macrophage activation in disease course and provided strong evidence to support TLR4 as a useful drug target for treating inflammatory autoimmune neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladayo Oladiran
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Docteur Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC, H3A0G1, Canada
| | - Xiang Qun Shi
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Docteur Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC, H3A0G1, Canada
| | - Mu Yang
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Docteur Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC, H3A0G1, Canada
| | - Sylvie Fournier
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Ji Zhang
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Docteur Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC, H3A0G1, Canada. .,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada. .,Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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13
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Li C, Liu S, Aerqin Q, Shen D, Wu X, Liu K. The therapeutic effects of ginkgolides in Guillain-Barré syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis. J Clin Neurosci 2021; 87:44-49. [PMID: 33863532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acquired immune-mediated inflammatory peripheral neuropathy. The immune regulation of ginkgolides have been revealed in recent years. We herein investigate the potential therapeutic effects of ginkgolides both on GBS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). METHODS EAN in C57BL/6 mice induced by subcutaneous injection with peripheral nerve myelin P0 protein peptide 180-199 (P0 peptide) were treated with ginkgolides at three different doses. GBS patients were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group were treated with ginkgolides as soon as diagnosed. RESULTS Our data indicated that ginkgolides administration daily ameliorated the score of EAN and delayed the peak of disease in EAN mice. Ginkgolides also down-regulated the proportions of T helper (Th) 17 cells in EAN spleens. Furthermore, we also found that administration of ginkgolides significantly decreased the levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin-12 (IL)-12 in GBS patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that ginkgolides ameliorated the clinical score of EAN through down-regulating the proportions of Th 17 cells. Ginkgolides also suppressed inflammation response by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12, suggesting ginkgolides had potential therapeutic effects on GBS patients and EAN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Donghui Shen
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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14
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Li Z, Huang Z, Li X, Huang C, Shen J, Li S, Zhang L, Wong SH, Chan MTV, Wu WKK. Bioinformatic analyses hinted at augmented T helper 17 cell differentiation and cytokine response as the central mechanism of COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13024. [PMID: 33751722 PMCID: PMC8088459 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) results from autoimmune attack on the peripheral nerves, causing sensory, motor and autonomic abnormalities. Emerging evidence suggests that there might be an association between COVID‐19 and GBS. Nevertheless, the underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods We performed bioinformatic analyses to delineate the potential genetic crosstalk between COVID‐19 and GBS. Results COVID‐19 and GBS were associated with a similar subset of immune/inflammation regulatory genes, including TNF, CSF2, IL2RA, IL1B, IL4, IL6 and IL10. Protein‐protein interaction network analysis revealed that the combined gene set showed an increased connectivity as compared to COVID‐19 or GBS alone, particularly the potentiated interactions with CD86, IL23A, IL27, ISG20, PTGS2, HLA‐DRB1, HLA‐DQB1 and ITGAM, and these genes are related to Th17 cell differentiation. Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with COVID‐19 and GBS further demonstrated the activation of interleukin‐17 signalling in both conditions. Conclusions Augmented Th17 cell differentiation and cytokine response was identified in both COVID‐19 and GBS. PBMC transcriptome analysis also suggested the pivotal involvement of Th17 signalling pathway. In conclusion, our data suggested aberrant Th17 cell differentiation as a possible mechanism by which COVID‐19 can increase the risk of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziheng Huang
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingye Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Jishuitan Orthopaedic College of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Osteonecrosis and Joint Preserving & Reconstruction, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxiong Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sunny H Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Abstract
Immune-mediated polyneuropathies are acquired conditions that can be categorized to acute and chronic forms based on the disease course. Although the basic mechanism of these conditions has not been clarified yet, genes that regulate immune responses are putative contributors in their development. In the current study, we assessed expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1-3 and STAT5a genes in peripheral blood of 51 patients and 40 healthy subjects. Expression of STAT1 was higher in female patients compared with female controls (Posterior Beta = 3.622, P = 0.044). The gender*group interaction was significant for this gene which indicates different direction of association in males and females. Expressions of other STAT genes were not different between cases and controls. The diagnostic power of STAT1 in female subjects was estimated to be 0.72 with sensitivity of 68.75% and specificity of 84.62%. There was no significant correlation either between expression of different STAT genes or between their expression and age of study participants. The current study potentiates STAT1 as a putative factor in the pathophysiology of acquired immune-mediated polyneuropathies in females and suggests conduction of further functional studies to elaborate the molecular mechanism of this contribution.
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16
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Zhao Z, Su Z, Liang P, Liu D, Yang S, Wu Y, Ma L, Feng J, Zhang X, Wu C, Huang J, Cui J. USP38 Couples Histone Ubiquitination and Methylation via KDM5B to Resolve Inflammation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002680. [PMID: 33240782 PMCID: PMC7675183 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin modifications, such as histone acetylation, ubiquitination, and methylation, play fundamental roles in maintaining chromatin architecture and regulating gene transcription. Although their crosstalk in chromatin remodeling has been gradually uncovered, the functional relationship between histone ubiquitination and methylation in regulating immunity and inflammation remains unclear. Here, it is reported that USP38 is a novel histone deubiquitinase that works together with the histone H3K4 modifier KDM5B to orchestrate inflammatory responses. USP38 specifically removes the monoubiquitin on H2B at lysine 120, which functions as a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of demethylase KDM5B to the promoters of proinflammatory cytokines Il6 and Il23a during LPS stimulation. KDM5B in turn inhibits the binding of NF-κB transcription factors to the Il6 and Il23a promoters by reducing H3K4 trimethylation. Furthermore, USP38 can bind to KDM5B and prevent it from proteasomal degradation, which further enhances the function of KDM5B in the regulation of inflammation-related genes. Loss of Usp38 in mice markedly enhances susceptibility to endotoxin shock and acute colitis, and these mice display a more severe inflammatory phenotype compared to wild-type mice. The studies identify USP38-KDM5B as a distinct chromatin modification complex that restrains inflammatory responses through manipulating the crosstalk of histone ubiquitination and methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
- Department of Internal MedicineGuangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhouGuangdong510623China
| | - Zexiong Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Puping Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Di Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Shuai Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Yaoxing Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Ling Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Junyan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Chenglei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Jun Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
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17
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Gul SS, Abdulkareem AA, Sha AM, Rawlinson A. Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Fluids Biomarker Profile to Determine the Current and Future Status of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E838. [PMID: 33081038 PMCID: PMC7603129 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe periodontitis is ranked as the sixth most prevalent disease affecting humankind, with an estimated 740 million people affected worldwide. The diagnosis of periodontal diseases mainly relies upon assessment of conventional clinical parameters. However, these parameters reflect past, rather than current, clinical status or future disease progression and, likely, outcome of periodontal treatment. Specific and sensitive biomarkers for periodontal diseases have been examined widely to address these issues and some biomarkers have been translated as point-of-care (PoC) tests. The aim of this review was to provide an update on PoC tests for use in the diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases. Among the PoC tests developed so far, active matrix metalloproteinase-8 has shown promising results in terms of diagnostic and prognostic values. However, further studies are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity via combining more than one biomarker and merging these test kits with periodontal risk assessment tools. Furthermore, the validity of these test kits needs to be investigated by applying the results in further independent studies and the impact on these test kits', together with the results of risk factors for periodontal diseases, such as diabetes and smoking, also needs to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarhang S. Gul
- College of Dentistry, Periodontics Department, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 1124–30, Iraq;
| | - Ali A. Abdulkareem
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq;
| | - Aram M. Sha
- College of Dentistry, Periodontics Department, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 1124–30, Iraq;
| | - Andrew Rawlinson
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
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18
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Li C, Liu K, Liu S, Aerqin Q, Wu X. Role of Ginkgolides in the Inflammatory Immune Response of Neurological Diseases: A Review of Current Literatures. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:45. [PMID: 32848639 PMCID: PMC7411855 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory immune response (IIR) is a physiological or excessive systemic response, induced by inflammatory immune cells according to changes in the internal and external environments. An excessive IIR is the pathological basis for the generation and development of neurological diseases. Ginkgolides are one of the important medicinal ingredients in Ginkgo biloba. Many studies have verified that ginkgolides have anti-platelet-activating, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, neurotrophic, and neuroimmunomodulatory effects. Inflammatory immunomodulation is mediated by inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. They also inhibit the platelet-activating factor (PAF)-mediated signal transduction to attenuate the inflammatory response. Herein, we reviewed the studies on the roles of ginkgolides in inflammatory immunomodulation and suggested its potential role in novel treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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19
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Rezaei S, Ghafouri-Fard S, Komaki A, Mazdeh M, Taheri M, Eftekharian MM. Increased Levels of IL-34 in Acquired Immune-Mediated Neuropathies. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:137-141. [PMID: 32588399 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-34 is ligand for the colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 receptor. This cytokine has fundamental roles the pathogenesis of a number of autoimmune and neurologic disorders. However, its role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies (AIDP and CIDP) has not been assessed yet. We measured serum levels of IL-34 33 CIDP cases, 16 AIDP cases, and 33 control subjects using commercial ELISA kits. IL-34 levels were significantly higher in both AIDP (44.87 ± 4.38) and CIDP (44.87 ± 4.38) groups compared with healthy subjects (30.10 ± 1.05) (P = 0.046 and P = 0.01, respectively). Differences between female subgroups were insignificant. However, levels of this cytokine were significantly higher in male subjects with CIDP compared with male controls (P = 0.042). Thus, levels of this cytokine might be regarded as biomarkers for these kinds of autoimmune disorders. Future studies are needed to verify these results and find the molecular mechanism of participation of IL-34 in the pathogenesis of AIDP/CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Sangsefidi S, Ghafouri-Fard S, Komaki A, Mazdeh M, Taheri M, Eftekharian MM. High Levels of Il-19 in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1997-2000. [PMID: 32472395 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated neuropathies include some specific types such as acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP and CIDP). Previous studies have demonstrated abnormal cellular or humoral immune responses in these conditions. Although aberrant regulation of several cytokines have been reported in AIDP and CIDP, the significance of interleukin 19 (IL-19) in these conditions have not been elucidated yet. In the current study, we assessed serum levels of IL-19 in 12 CIDP patients (female/male ratio, 4/8), 9 AIDP patients (female/male ratio, 3/6), and 27 normal subjects (female/male ratio. 8/19) using commercial ELISA kits. Notably, we detected higher levels of this cytokine in CIDP patients (136.4 ± 8.57 ng/l) compared with both AIDP patients (93.89 ± 2.26 ng/l) and controls (83.78 ± 1.72 ng/l). However, the differences between AIDP patients and controls were not significant. The current study demonstrates the role of IL-19 in the pathogenesis of CIDP and potentiates this cytokine as a biomarker for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Sangsefidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Wang LJ, Zhu J, Wu XJ, Li T, Yang CJ, Kang XX, Zhang HL, Zhang GJ. Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in a murine model of experimental autoimmune neuritis. Arch Med Sci 2020; 19:1145-1150. [PMID: 37560732 PMCID: PMC10408011 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.94982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim was to observe the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected C57BL/10 wild type (WT) mice and TLR4 knockout (KO) mice with the C57BL/10 background for induction of the EAN model by immunizing mice twice (days 0 and 8) via subcutaneous injection of 180 μg P0 peptide 180-199 emulsion in 25 μl of PBS and 0.5 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Difco, USA) in 25 μl of Freund's incomplete adjuvant into the back of mice. The concentrations of serum cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF) were determined using the Ms Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA kit. RESULTS We found that TLR4 deficiency could attenuate the clinical severity and delay the onset of EAN. Moreover, our data showed that the sera levels of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6 and IL-17A were elevated in the WT mice with EAN when compared with the naive WT mice, but only the production of IL-17A was significantly lower in the TLR4 KO mice with EAN than in their WT counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, TLR4 may contribute to the pathogenesis of EAN by regulating Th17 cells and the production of Th17-associated factors. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear and more evidence is needed to elucidate its role in EAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Monogenic Disease Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ting Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chun-Jiao Yang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Monogenic Disease Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Xiong Kang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Monogenic Disease Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Life Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Monogenic Disease Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorder, Beijing, China
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22
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Yi Y, Fang Y, Wu K, Liu Y, Zhang W. Comprehensive gene and pathway analysis of cervical cancer progression. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3316-3332. [PMID: 32256826 PMCID: PMC7074609 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical Cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality in women. The present study aimed to identify key genes and pathways involved in cervical cancer (CC) progression, via a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The GSE63514 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was analyzed for hub genes and cancer progression was divided into four phases (phases I-IV). Pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and pathway crosstalk analyses were performed, to identify key genes and pathways using a criterion nodal degree ≥5. Gene pathway analysis was determined by mapping the key genes into the key pathways. Co-expression between key genes and their effect on overall survival (OS) time was assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A total of 3,446 differentially expressed genes with 107 hub genes were identified within the four phases. A total of 14 key genes with 11 key pathways were obtained, following extraction of ≥5 degree nodes from the PPI and pathway crosstalk networks. Gene pathway analysis revealed that CDK1 and CCNB1 regulated the cell cycle and were activated in phase I. Notably, the following terms, 'pathways in cancer', 'focal adhesion' and the 'PI3K-Akt signaling pathway' ranked the highest in phases II-IV. Furthermore, FN1, ITGB1 and MMP9 may be associated with metastasis of tumor cells. STAT1 was indicated to predominantly function at the phase IV via cancer-associated signaling pathways, including 'pathways in cancer' and 'Toll-like receptor signaling pathway'. Survival analysis revealed that high ITGB1 and FN1 expression levels resulted in significantly worse OS. CDK1 and CCNB1 were revealed to regulate proliferation and differentiation through the cell cycle and viral tumorigenesis, while FN1 and ITGB1, which may be developed as novel prognostic factors, were co-expressed to induce metastasis via cancer-associated signaling pathways, including PI3K-Art signaling pathway, and focal adhesion in CC; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiong Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Wei Zhang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China, E-mail:
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23
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Zika virus infection in chemosensory cells. J Neurovirol 2020; 26:371-381. [PMID: 32144727 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging virus belonging to the genus Flavivirus. ZIKV infection is a significant health concern, with increasing numbers of reports of microcephaly cases in fetuses and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in adults. Interestingly, chemosensory disturbances are also reported as one of the manifestations of GBS. ZIKV infects several human tissues and cell types in vitro and in vivo. However, there is no study demonstrating ZIKV infection and replication in chemosensory cells, including olfactory and taste cells. Taste papilla and olfactory cells are chemosensory receptor cells with unique histological, molecular, and physiological characteristics. Here we examined ZIKV infection (PRVABC59) in cultured human olfactory epithelial cells (hOECs) and fungiform taste papilla (HBO) cells in vitro, as well as in vivo mouse taste and olfactory epithelial and olfactory bulb tissues. Interestingly, while HBO cells showed resistance to ZIKV replication, hOECs were highly susceptible for ZIKV infection and replication. Further, we demonstrated the presence of ZIKV particles and expression of viral proteins in olfactory epithelium, as well as in olfactory bulb, but not in taste papillae, of immunocompromised mice (ifnar/-) infected with the PRVABC59 strain of ZIKV. These observations suggest that chemosensory cells in the olfactory neuroepithelium and olfactory bulb may be important tissues for ZIKV replication and dissemination.
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24
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Shomali N, Baradaran B, Deljavanghodrati M, Akbari M, Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi H, Jang Y, Xu H, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S. A new insight into thymosin β4, a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disorders. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3270-3279. [PMID: 31612500 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a G-actin-sequestering secreted peptide, improves neurovascular remodeling and central nervous system plasticity, which leads to neurological recovery in many neurological diseases. Inflammatory response adjustment and tissue inflammation consequences from neurological injury are vital for neurological recovery. The innate or nonspecific immune system is made of different components. The Toll-like receptor pro-inflammatory signaling pathway, which is one of these components, regulates tissue injury. The main component of the Toll-like/IL-1 receptor signaling pathway, which is known as IRAK1, can be regulated by miR-146a and regulates NF-κB expression. Due to the significant role of Tβ4 in oligodendrocytes, neurons, and microglial cells in neurological recovery, it is suggested that Tβ4 regulates the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pro-inflammatory signaling pathway by upregulating miR-146a in neurological disorders. However, further investigations on the role of Tβ4 in regulating the expression of miR146a and TLR signaling pathway in the immune response adjustment in neurological disorders provides an insight into mechanisms of action and the possibility of Tβ4 therapeutic effect enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Yue Jang
- Department of Immunology, Center of Clinical Medicine and Laboratory, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Center of Clinical Medicine and Laboratory, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Center of Clinical Medicine and Laboratory, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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25
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Sun T, Chen X, Shi S, Liu Q, Cheng Y. Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Levels in Guillain Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:717. [PMID: 31379477 PMCID: PMC6646663 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the immune-mediated damage of the peripheral nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines are important mediators for the onset and progression of GBS. A number of clinical studies have demonstrated elevated levels of T helper-1 (Th1-), Th2-, and Th17-related cytokines in patients with GBS; however, the results were inconsistent across studies. Methods: We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies comparing the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood between patients with GBS and healthy individuals, using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2 software. A database search identified 30 studies comprising 1,302 patients with GBS and 1,073 healthy controls. Results: The random-effects meta-analysis demonstrated that peripheral blood tumor necrosis factor-α (Hedges g, 1.544; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.923–2.165; p < 0.001), interleukin-1β (IL-1β; Hedges g, 0.678; 95% CI, 0.183–1.172; p = 0.007), IL-6 (Hedges g, 0.630; 95% CI, 0.100–1.160; p = 0.02), IL-4 (Hedges g, 0.822; 95% CI, 0.220–1.423; p = 0.007), IL-17 (Hedges g, 1.452; 95% CI, 0.331–2.573; p = 0.011), interferon-γ (Hedges g, 1.104; 95% CI, 0.490–1.719; p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (Hedges g, 0.909; 95% CI, 0.453–1.365; p < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in patients with GBS when compared with healthy controls. Contrastingly, the blood IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β levels were not significantly associated with GBS. Furthermore, the meta-analysis found that cerebrospinal fluid IL-17 levels were significantly associated with GBS (Hedges g, 1.882; 95% CI, 0.104–3.661; p = 0.038). Conclusion: Altogether, our results clarified the circulating inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with GBS, and revealed that Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-related cytokines were highly elevated in the GBS patients, suggesting the potential use of these cytokines as biomarkers for GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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26
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Jahan I, Ahammad RU, Khalid MM, Rahman MI, Hayat S, Islam B, Mohammad QD, Islam Z. Toll-like receptor-4 299Gly allele is associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Bangladesh. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:708-715. [PMID: 31019995 PMCID: PMC6469239 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective TLR4 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS). The relationships between TLR4 polymorphisms and susceptibility to GBS are poorly understood. We investigated the frequency and assessed the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the extracellular domain of TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) with disease susceptibility and the clinical features of GBS in a Bangladeshi cohort. Methods A total of 290 subjects were included in this study: 141 patients with GBS and 149 unrelated healthy controls. The TLR4 polymorphisms Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) assay. Results The minor 299Gly allele was significantly associated with GBS susceptibility (P = 0.0137, OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.17–3.31), and was present at a significantly higher frequency in patients with the acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) subtype of GBS (P = 0.0120, OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.26–4.47) than acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) subtype (P = 0.961, OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.38–3.48); when compared to healthy controls. The genotype frequency of the Asp299Gly polymorphism was not significantly different between patients with GBS and healthy controls. The Asp299‐Thr399 haplotype was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing GBS (P = 0.0451, OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40–0.99). No association was observed between the Thr399Ile polymorphism and GBS disease susceptibility. Interpretation The TLR4 minor 299Gly allele was associated with increased susceptibility to GBS and the axonal GBS subtype in the Bangladeshi population. However, no associations were observed between the genotypes of the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile SNPs and antecedent C. jejuni infection or disease severity in Bangladeshi patients with GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israt Jahan
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Rijwan U Ahammad
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh.,Graduate School of Medicine Department of Neuroscience Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Mir M Khalid
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh.,Gladstone Institutes San Francisco California
| | - Mohammad I Rahman
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh.,School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University Tempe Arizona
| | - Shoma Hayat
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Badrul Islam
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Quazi D Mohammad
- National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Zhahirul Islam
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh
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27
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Fagone P, Mazzon E, Chikovani T, Saraceno A, Mammana S, Colletti G, Mangano K, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F. Decitabine induces regulatory T cells, inhibits the production of IFN-gamma and IL-17 and exerts preventive and therapeutic efficacy in rodent experimental autoimmune neuritis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 321:41-48. [PMID: 29957387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated acute disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Despite treatment, there is an associated mortality and severe disability in 9 to 17% of the cases. Decitabine (DAC) is a hypomethylating drug used in myelodisplastic syndrome, that has been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects. We have evaluated the effects of DAC in two rodent models of GBS, the Experimental Allergic Neuritis (EAN). Both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with DAC ameliorated the clinical course of EAN, increasing the numbers of thymic regulatory T cells and reducing the production of proinflammmatory cytokines. Our data suggest the possible use of decitabine for the treatment of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Tinatin Chikovani
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Andrea Saraceno
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santa Mammana
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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28
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Shen D, Chu F, Lang Y, Geng Y, Zheng X, Zhu J, Liu K. Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4286364. [PMID: 29853789 PMCID: PMC5944239 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4286364+10.1155/2018/4286364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune demyelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and is used to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of GBS. It has been found that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both GBS and EAN. Macrophages have been primarily classified into two major phenotypes: proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The two different macrophage subsets M1 and M2 may play a decisive role in initiation and development of GBS and EAN. However, recently, it has been indicated that the roles of macrophages in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases are more complex than those suggested by a simple M1-M2 dichotomy. Macrophages might exert either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effect by secreting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, and either inducing the activation of T cells to mediate immune response, resulting in inflammation and demyelination in the PNS, or promoting disease recovery. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of macrophages in GBS and EAN and explore the mechanism of macrophage polarization to provide a potential therapeutic approach for GBS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Shen
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fengna Chu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yue Lang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunlong Geng
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14157 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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29
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Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4286364. [PMID: 29853789 PMCID: PMC5944239 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4286364 10.1155/2018/4286364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune demyelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and is used to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of GBS. It has been found that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both GBS and EAN. Macrophages have been primarily classified into two major phenotypes: proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The two different macrophage subsets M1 and M2 may play a decisive role in initiation and development of GBS and EAN. However, recently, it has been indicated that the roles of macrophages in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases are more complex than those suggested by a simple M1-M2 dichotomy. Macrophages might exert either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effect by secreting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, and either inducing the activation of T cells to mediate immune response, resulting in inflammation and demyelination in the PNS, or promoting disease recovery. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of macrophages in GBS and EAN and explore the mechanism of macrophage polarization to provide a potential therapeutic approach for GBS in the future.
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Beneficial or Harmful Role of Macrophages in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4286364. [PMID: 29853789 PMCID: PMC5944239 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4286364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is characterized by acute weakness of the extremities and areflexia or hyporeflexia. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a common animal model for GBS, which represents a CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune demyelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and is used to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of GBS. It has been found that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both GBS and EAN. Macrophages have been primarily classified into two major phenotypes: proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The two different macrophage subsets M1 and M2 may play a decisive role in initiation and development of GBS and EAN. However, recently, it has been indicated that the roles of macrophages in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases are more complex than those suggested by a simple M1-M2 dichotomy. Macrophages might exert either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effect by secreting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, and either inducing the activation of T cells to mediate immune response, resulting in inflammation and demyelination in the PNS, or promoting disease recovery. In this review, we summarize the dual roles of macrophages in GBS and EAN and explore the mechanism of macrophage polarization to provide a potential therapeutic approach for GBS in the future.
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Peng J, Zhang H, Liu P, Chen M, Xue B, Wang R, Shou J, Qian J, Zhao Z, Xing Y, Liu H. IL-23 and IL-27 Levels in Serum are Associated with the Process and the Recovery of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2824. [PMID: 29434217 PMCID: PMC5809385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-23 and IL-27 are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, changes in these cytokines during the dynamic pathological and recovery processes of GBS are not well described. In the present study, plasma was collected from 83 patients with various stages of GBS, 70 patients with central nervous system demyelinating diseases,70 patients with other neurological diseases (OND) and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Serum levels of IL-23, IL-27, and Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) IgM were assessed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that serum IL-23 levels of patients during the acute phase of GBS were significantly higher followed by a decreasing trend during the recovery phase of the disease. Serum IL-27 levels significantly increased during the acute phase of GBS, and gradually increased during the recovery phase. Interestingly, both the severity and subtype of GBS were closely associated with the two cytokines. IL-23 levels were positively correlated with IL-27 levels, prognosis, and other clinical parameters. Our findings confirm that IL-23 may show pro-inflammatory effects, especially at the early stage of GBS. IL-27 appears to have a dual role in GBS, with initial pro-inflammatory effects, followed by anti-inflammatory properties during recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jifei Shou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Juanfeng Qian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhikang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yanmeng Xing
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.
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Nyati KK, Prasad KN, Agrawal V, Husain N. Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 in Campylobacter jejuni-induced paralytic neuropathy resembling Guillain-Barré syndrome in chickens. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:395-401. [PMID: 28916318 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is manifested by changes in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. We investigated the expression of MMP-2, -9 and TNF-α and correlated it with pathological changes in sciatic nerve tissue from Campylobacter jejuni-induced chicken model for GBS. Campylobacter jejuni and placebo were fed to chickens and assessed for disease symptoms. Sciatic nerves were examined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Expressions of MMPs and TNF-α, were determined by real-time PCR, and activities of MMPs by zymography. Diarrhea developed in 73.3% chickens after infection and 60.0% of them developed GBS like neuropathy. Pathology in sciatic nerves showed perinodal and/or patchy demyelination, perivascular focal lymphocytic infiltration and myelin swelling on 10th- 20th post infection day (PID). MMP-2, -9 and TNF-α were up-regulated in progressive phase of the disease. Enhanced MMP-2, -9 and TNF-α production in progressive phase correlated with sciatic nerve pathology in C. jejuni-induced GBS chicken model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishan Kumar Nyati
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India.
| | - Kashi Nath Prasad
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India.
| | - Vinita Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr. RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 010, India
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Tzeng NS, Chang HA, Chung CH, Lin FH, Yeh CB, Huang SY, Chang CC, Lu RB, Kao YC, Yeh HW, Chiang WS, Chien WC. Risk of psychiatric disorders in Guillain-Barre syndrome: A nationwide, population-based, cohort study. J Neurol Sci 2017; 381:88-94. [PMID: 28991722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare immune-related neurological disorder with high mortality and morbidity, but the comorbid psychiatric disorders garnered little attention in the GBS patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between GBS and the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. METHODS A total of 18,192 enrolled patients, with 4548 study subjects who had suffered GBS, and 13,644 controls matched for gender and age, from the Inpatient Dataset of 2000-2013 in Taiwan, and selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). After adjusting for confounding factors, Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare the risk of developing psychiatric disorders during the 13years of follow-up. RESULTS Of the study subjects, 471 (10.35%) developed psychiatric disorders when compared to 1023 (7.50%) in the control group. Fine and Gray's competing risk model analysis revealed that the study subjects were more likely to develop psychiatric disorders (crude hazard ratio [HR]: 4.281 (95% CI=3.819-4.798, p<0.001). After adjusting for gender, age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities, the adjusted HR was 4.320 (95% CI=3.852-4.842, p<0.001). Dementia, depressive disorders, sleep disorders, and psychotic disorders predominate in these psychiatric disorders. Mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis are associated with a lower risk of dementia when compared to the control groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients who suffered from GBS had a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders, and this finding should act as a reminder to the clinicians that a regular psychiatric follow-up might well be needed for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Bin Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Chia Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Wen Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Kang-Ning University (Taipei Campus), Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Shan Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department and Institute of Mathematics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Morris G, Barichello T, Stubbs B, Köhler CA, Carvalho AF, Maes M. Zika Virus as an Emerging Neuropathogen: Mechanisms of Neurovirulence and Neuro-Immune Interactions. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4160-4184. [PMID: 28601976 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arbovirus of the genus Flaviviridae, which causes a febrile illness and has spread from across the Pacific to the Americas in a short timeframe. Convincing evidence has implicated the ZIKV to incident cases of neonatal microcephaly and a set of neurodevelopmental abnormalities referred to as the congenital Zika virus syndrome. In addition, emerging data points to an association with the ZIKV and the development of the so-called Guillain-Barre syndrome, an acute autoimmune polyneuropathy. Accumulating knowledge suggests that neurovirulent strains of the ZIKV have evolved from less pathogenic lineages of the virus. Nevertheless, mechanisms of neurovirulence and host-pathogen neuro-immune interactions remain incompletely elucidated. This review provides a critical discussion of genetic and structural alterations in the ZIKV which could have contributed to the emergence of neurovirulent strains. In addition, a mechanistic framework of neuro-immune mechanisms related to the emergence of neuropathology after ZIKV infection is discussed. Recent advances in knowledge point to avenues for the development of a putative vaccine as well as novel therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, there are unique unmet challenges that need to be addressed in this regard. Finally, a research agenda is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Tir Na Nog, Bryn Road seaside 87, Llanelli, Wales, SA15 2LW, UK
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.,Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.,Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK
| | - Cristiano A Köhler
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. .,Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Revitalis, Waalre, The Netherlands. .,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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Zhang LJ, Guo HY, Zhang DQ, Wang R, Li T, Li LM, Suo DM, Yang L. Analysis of serum interleukin-27 and interleukin-35 concentrations in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 468:5-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Silva LRCD, Souza AMD. Zika virus: what do we know about the viral structure, mechanisms of transmission, and neurological outcomes? Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2017; 49:267-73. [PMID: 27384821 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0150-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus epidemic that started in Brazil in 2014 has spread to >30 countries and territories in Latin America, leading to a rapid rise in the incidence of microcephalic newborns and adults with neurological complications. At the beginning of the outbreak, little was known about Zika virus morphology, genome structure, modes of transmission, and its potential to cause neurological malformations and disorders. With the advancement of basic science, discoveries of the mechanisms of strain variability, viral transfer to the fetus, and neurovirulence were published. These will certainly lead to the development of strategies to block vertical viral transmission, neuronal invasion, and pathogenesis in the near future. This paper reviews the current literature on Zika virus infections, with the aim of gaining a holistic insight into their etiology and pathogenesis. We discuss Zika virus history and epidemiology in Brazil, viral structure and taxonomy, old and newly identified transmission modes, and neurological consequences of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano Miranda de Souza
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Double Roles of Macrophages in Human Neuroimmune Diseases and Their Animal Models. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8489251. [PMID: 27034594 PMCID: PMC4808549 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8489251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are important immune cells of the innate immune system that are involved in organ-specific homeostasis and contribute to both pathology and resolution of diseases including infections, cancer, obesity, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune disorders. Multiple lines of evidence point to macrophages as a remarkably heterogeneous cell type. Different phenotypes of macrophages exert either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory roles depending on the cytokines and other mediators that they are exposed to in the local microenvironment. Proinflammatory macrophages secrete detrimental molecules to induce disease development, while anti-inflammatory macrophages produce beneficial mediators to promote disease recovery. The conversion of the phenotypes of macrophages can regulate the initiation, development, and recovery of autoimmune diseases. Human neuroimmune diseases majorly include multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), myasthenia gravis (MG), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of these neuroimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the double roles of macrophage in neuroimmune diseases and their animal models to further explore the mechanisms of macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders, which may provide a potential therapeutic approach for these disorders in the future.
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Association of NOD1 and NOD2 polymorphisms with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Northern Indian population. J Neurol Sci 2016; 363:57-62. [PMID: 27000222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) proteins are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that respond to bacterial substrate and induce NF-κB activation in host. Association of NOD polymorphisms have been studied in many autoimmune disorders, however its role in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) remains unknown. We have investigated NOD1 Glu266Lys and NOD2 (Arg702Trp and Gly908Arg) gene polymorphisms among patients with GBS. MATERIALS AND METHOD Polymorphisms in NOD-1 (Glu266Lys) and NOD-2 (Arg702Trp and Gly908Arg) genes were studied using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 105 patients with GBS and 100 healthy controls. RESULTS Homozygous genotype (Lys/Lys) of NOD1 was significantly associated with GBS (p=0.013); and its subtypes viz. acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) (p=0.008 and p=0.024 respectively) than controls. In NOD2 (Arg702Trp and Gly908Arg) polymorphisms, only heterozygous genotype (Arg/Trp and Gly/Arg) showed significant association with GBS (p=0.001 and p=0.01 respectively); subtypes AMAN, acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) and AIDP showed association with heterozygote Arg702Trp (p=0.001; p=0.029 and p=0.001 respectively) whereas only AIDP was associated with heterozygote genotype Gly908Arg (p=0.003). CONCLUSION NOD1 (Glu266Lys) and NOD2 (Arg702Trp and Gly908Arg) polymorphisms were associated with an increased susceptibility to GBS. These polymorphisms could be genetic marker to GBS susceptibility.
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Wang H, Li L, Zhang Y, Pan SC, Chen AQ, Qian WD. Expression and significance of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with different phenotypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:19126-19131. [PMID: 26770543 PMCID: PMC4694443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the changes of immune status and significance in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). METHODS The proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells in peripheral blood before immunotherapy for 41 patients with GBS (including 29 classic type and 12 variant type) and 42 normal control patients (healthy volunteers) were evaluated by flow cytometry. And molybdenum three phenol red method was used to detect cerebrospinal fluid protein content of 28 patients with GBS (including 19 with classic type and 9 with variant type). RESULTS Compared with healthy control group, the CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) of GBS group had obvious difference (P<0.05). Of which, the CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells of the classic GBS group had no significant changes compared with the variant group (P>0.05), as well as the cerebrospinal fluid protein content between classic and variant GBS groups. The decrease of the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) regulatory T cells suggested abnormal expression of immune function in GBS patients. CONCLUSION The decrease of GBS regulatory T cell number or function indicated that the immune regulatory T cells mediated imbalance of immune regulation involved in the pathogenesis of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Shu-Chao Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
| | - An-Qiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Wei-Dong Qian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233004, China
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