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Zhu H, Liang H, Gao Z, Zhang X, He Q, He C, Cai C, Chen J. MiR-483-5p downregulation alleviates ox-LDL induced endothelial cell injury in atherosclerosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:521. [PMID: 37891465 PMCID: PMC10612234 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of the abnormal expression of microRNA (miR-483-5p) in patients with atherosclerosis (AS), its role in vascular endothelial cell injury was explored. And the mechanisms related to autophagy were also elucidated. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were given 100 mg/L ox-LDL to induce endothelial injury. Cell transfection was done to regulate miR-483-5p levels. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected. qRT-PCR was employed for the mRNA levels' detection. RESULTS Autophagic flux impairment of HUVECs was detected after ox-LDL treatment, along with the upregulation of miR-483-5p. Ox-LDL inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis, but these influences were changed by miR-483-5p downregulation. MiR-483-5p downregulation decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. 3-MA, the autophagy inhibitor, reversed the beneficial role of miR-483-5p downregulation in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs' injury. TIMP2 acts as a target gene of miR-483-5p, and was downregulated in HUVEC models. CONCLUSION MiR-483-5p downregulation alleviated ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury via activating autophagy, this might be related to TIMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32 Renminnan Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32 Renminnan Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Chaoyong He
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32 Renminnan Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32 Renminnan Road, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - Jiajuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32 Renminnan Road, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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Fu S, Li G, Zang W, Zhou X, Shi K, Zhai Y. Pure drug nano-assemblies: A facile carrier-free nanoplatform for efficient cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:92-106. [PMID: 35127374 PMCID: PMC8799886 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (Nano-DDSs) have emerged as possible solution to the obstacles of anticancer drug delivery. However, the clinical outcomes and translation are restricted by several drawbacks, such as low drug loading, premature drug leakage and carrier-related toxicity. Recently, pure drug nano-assemblies (PDNAs), fabricated by the self-assembly or co-assembly of pure drug molecules, have attracted considerable attention. Their facile and reproducible preparation technique helps to remove the bottleneck of nanomedicines including quality control, scale-up production and clinical translation. Acting as both carriers and cargos, the carrier-free PDNAs have an ultra-high or even 100% drug loading. In addition, combination therapies based on PDNAs could possibly address the most intractable problems in cancer treatment, such as tumor metastasis and drug resistance. In the present review, the latest development of PDNAs for cancer treatment is overviewed. First, PDNAs are classified according to the composition of drug molecules, and the assembly mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, the co-delivery of PDNAs for combination therapies is summarized, with special focus on the improvement of therapeutic outcomes. Finally, future prospects and challenges of PDNAs for efficient cancer therapy are spotlighted.
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Key Words
- ABC, accelerated blood clearance
- ACT, adoptive cell transfer
- ATO, atovaquone
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BV, Biliverdin
- Ber, berberine
- CI, combination index
- CPT, camptothecin
- CTLs, cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- Cancer treatment
- Carrier-free
- Ce6, chlorine e6
- Combination therapy
- DBNP, DOX-Ber nano-assemblies
- DBNP@CM, DBNP were cloaked with 4T1 cell membranes
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DPDNAs, dual pure drug nano-assemblies
- EGFR, epithelial growth factor receptor
- EPI, epirubicin
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- FRET, Forster Resonance Energy Transfer
- GEF, gefitinib
- HCPT, hydroxycamptothecin
- HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1
- IC50, half maximal inhibitory concentration
- ICB, immunologic checkpoint blockade
- ICD, immunogenic cell death
- ICG, indocyanine green
- ITM, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment
- MDS, molecular dynamics simulations
- MPDNAs, multiple pure drug nano-assemblies
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MTX, methotrexate
- NIR, near-infrared
- NPs, nanoparticles
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- Nano-DDSs, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems
- Nanomedicine
- Nanotechnology
- PAI, photoacoustic imaging
- PD-1, PD receptor 1
- PD-L1, PD receptor 1 ligand
- PDNAs, pure drug nano-assemblies
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PPa, pheophorbide A
- PTT, photothermal therapy
- PTX, paclitaxel
- Poly I:C, polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid
- Pure drug
- QSNAP, quantitative structure-nanoparticle assembly prediction
- RBC, red blood cell
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SPDNAs, single pure drug nano-assemblies
- Self-assembly
- TA, tannic acid
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TNBC, triple negative breast
- TTZ, trastuzumab
- Top I & II, topoisomerase I & II
- UA, ursolic acid
- YSV, tripeptide tyroservatide
- ZHO, Z-Histidine-Obzl
- dsRNA, double-stranded RNA
- α-PD-L1, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guanting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenli Zang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Bio-system Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kexin Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yinglei Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Saha P, Bose S, Srivastava AK, Chaudhary AA, Lall R, Prasad S. Jeopardy of COVID-19: Rechecking the Perks of Phytotherapeutic Interventions. Molecules 2021; 26:6783. [PMID: 34833873 PMCID: PMC8621307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the reason for worldwide pandemic, has already masked around 220 countries globally. This disease is induced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Arising environmental stress, increase in the oxidative stress level, weak immunity and lack of nutrition deteriorates the clinical status of the infected patients. Though several researches are at its peak for understanding and bringing forward effective therapeutics, yet there is no promising solution treating this disease directly. Medicinal plants and their active metabolites have always been promising in treating many clinical complications since time immemorial. Mother nature provides vivid chemical structures, which act multi-dimensionally all alone or synergistically in mitigating several diseases. Their unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with least side effects have made them more effective candidate for pharmacological studies. These medicinal plants inhibit attachment, encapsulation and replication of COVID-19 viruses by targeting various signaling molecules such as angiotensin converting enzyme-2, transmembrane serine protease 2, spike glycoprotein, main protease etc. This property is re-examined and its potency is now used to improve the existing global health crisis. This review is an attempt to focus various antiviral activities of various noteworthy medicinal plants. Moreover, its implications as prophylactic or preventive in various secondary complications including neurological, cardiovascular, acute kidney disease, liver disease are also pinpointed in the present review. This knowledge will help emphasis on the therapeutic developments for this novel coronavirus where it can be used as alone or in combination with the repositioned drugs to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Subhankar Bose
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSUI), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rajiv Lall
- Noble Pharma, LLC, 4602 Domain Drive, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA;
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Noble Pharma, LLC, 4602 Domain Drive, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA;
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Abdulredha A, Abosaooda M, Al-Amran F, Hadi NR. Berberine Protests the Heart from Ischemic Reperfusion Injury via Interference with Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways. Med Arch 2021; 75:174-179. [PMID: 34483445 PMCID: PMC8385727 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.174-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is a pathological condition characterized by an initial restriction of blood supply to an organ followed by the subsequent restoration of perfusion and concomitant reoxygenation. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess the possible cardioprotective potential effect of berberine in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a male rat model. METHODS Total amount of 28 adult male albino rats were randomized into 4 equal groups: 1) Sham group, rats underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the control group except for LAD ligation; 2), Active control group, rats subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours, 3), Control vehicle group, rats received dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) (vehicle of berberine) via IP route and subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery & reperfusion for 2 hr; 4), Berberine treated group, rats pretreated with berberine10 mg/kg via IP injection 30minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery & then subjected to reperfusion for 2 hr. RESULTS In the control group, as compared with sham, tissue TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, caspase-3 and BAX, plasma cTn-T and serum MDA significantly increased (P<0.05), while serum GSH significantly decreased (P<0.05). The histopathological control group showed a significant cardiac injury (P<0.05) compared with the sham group. Berberine significantly counteracted (P<0.05) the increase of TNF-α, IL-6, caspase-3 and BAX and counteracted the increase in plasma cTn-T and serum MDA. Berberine produces a significant elevation (P<0.05) in cardiac IL-10 and serum GSH with a significant reduction in (P<0.05) cardiac injury. CONCLUSION Berberine attenuates myocardial I/R injury in male rats via interfering with inflammatory reactions and apoptosis which were induced by I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Abdulredha
- Al-Sadar Teaching Medical City, Al-Najaf Open Heart and Interventional Cardiac Center. Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Fadhil Al-Amran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Najah R. Hadi
- Al-Sadar Teaching Medical City, Al-Najaf Open Heart and Interventional Cardiac Center. Najaf, Iraq
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Ganapathy R, Ramachandran A, Shivalingaiah SB, Bishir M, Bhojaraj S, Sridhar S, Mohan SK, Veeraraghavan VP, Chidambaram SB, Essa MM, Qoronfleh MW. Cardioprotective potential of polyphenols rich Thraatchathi Chooranam against isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in experimental rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:356. [PMID: 33225920 PMCID: PMC7681955 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study establishes the cardioprotective role of Thraatchathi Chooranam (TC), a polyherbal traditional Siddha medicine, in terms of membrane stabilizing and antioxidant properties in isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial necrosis model in rats. METHODS Animals were divided into six groups (n = 6), normal (received vehicle 0.5% CMC, p.o.), ISO control (received 0.5% CMC + ISO 120 mg/kg, b.w. s.c. twice at an interval of 48 h), standard control (received Vit-E 100 mg/kg, p.o.) + ISO, TC low and high dose (50 and 100 mg/kg p.o., respectively) + ISO, and drug control (received TC at 100 mg/kg, p.o.). At the end of experimental period, blood samples collected and plasma cardiac troponin-I (CTn-I) was measured by ELISA. Cardiac tissues were isolated, levels of membrane stabilizing enzymes, antioxidants and inflammatory markers were estimated. Gene expression of Bax, Bcl2, Caspase 3, HIF-α, TNF-α, iNOS, TRX1 and TrxR were performed by RT-PCR. Histopathological studies on cardiac tissues were conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison as post-hoc test. RESULTS Administration of ISO resulted in a significant increase in plasma CTn-I, decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase; it also significantly altered membrane stabilizing enzymes like Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase Ca2+-ATPase and Cathepsin D. Pretreatment with TC (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) decreased CTn-I, and improved membrane stabilizing and endogenous antioxidant enzymes and decreased cathespin D level in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological examination revealed that TC improves cellular membrane integrity and decreases inflammatory cell infiltration and necrotic death. CONCLUSION The present study provided a strong evidence on the protective effects of TC against ISO-induced myocardial necrosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Ganapathy
- Center for Animal Research, Training and Services (CAReTS), Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility (CIDRF), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be university), Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - Anita Ramachandran
- International Institute of Biotechnology and Toxicology, Padappai, India
| | | | - Muhammed Bishir
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Saravanan Bhojaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Shivashree Sridhar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai, 600123, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India. .,Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Ageing and Dementia Research Group, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research and Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar.
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Hu Y, Liu X, Zhang T, Chen C, Dong X, Can Y, Liu P. Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of KXS on Postmyocardial Infarction Depression. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:561817. [PMID: 32973539 PMCID: PMC7481476 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.561817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) often occur together in clinical practice. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been widely used for the treatment of emotion-related disorders. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether KXS had both antidepressive effects and cardioprotective functions in a rat model of myocardial ischemia (MI) with depression. Methods A total of 50 SD rats were randomly assigned into five groups as follows: normal control (control group), celiac injection of isopropyl adrenaline (ISO) (MI group), depression (depression group), MI+ depression (model group) and MI+ depression treated with intragastric administration of 370 mg/kg KXS (KXS group). MI was induced by subcutaneous injection of 85 mg/kg ISO. Depression was developed by a 7-week chronic mild stress (CMS) challenge. Behavioral test was conducted before and during the experiment. Echocardiography and biochemical analysis were carried out after 7 weeks of CMS challenge. Results After 7 weeks of experiment, depression-like behaviors were observed in all the groups except for control and KXS groups, and KXS treatment dramatically increased open-field test scores and sucrose consumption (P < 0.01 vs. model group). Echocardiography and biochemical analysis showed that KXS treatment could improve levels of ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), which were reduced by depression and ISO challenge. Meanwhile, KXS treatment significantly decreased the levels of creation kinase MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which were increased in the model group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) were increased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was significantly decreased in the KXS group. Moreover, KXS treatment reduced the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in myocardial tissue compared with the model group. Conclusions KXS had antidepressant-like activity and offered cardioprotective effects against ISO-induced myocardial infarction with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Medical Supplier Center, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Medical Supplier Center, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Medical Supplier Center, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xianzhe Dong
- Medical Supplier Center, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Can
- Department of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Medical Supplier Center, Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Fibrauretine reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury via RISK/eNOS activation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1515-1525. [PMID: 31796985 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Current studies have shown that fibrauretine can be used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases; however, the protective mechanism of fibrauretine in cardiovascular diseases is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of fibrauretine in acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. We investigated the effects of glucocorticoid receptor/oestrogen receptor (GR/ER)-mediated Akt phosphorylation, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) activation and nitric oxide (NO) on the treatment of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by fibrauretine. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury models were established in rats and gene-knockout mice, and the infarct size was measured. We detected the expression and phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), glucocorticoid receptor, oestrogen receptor, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB), stress-activated protein kinase (JNK), P38 protein kinase (P38 MAPK) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with or without the inhibitors to investigate the protective effect of fibrauretine on the heart. The results showed that fibrauretine can significantly reduce the myocardial infarction area in myocardial I/R injury, inhibit the activities of LDH and CK-MB in the serum, and increase the content of NO. However, the effects of fibrauretine on the reduction of the myocardial infarction area were eliminated by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, Akt inhibitor IV, GR inhibitor RU468, ER inhibitor tamoxifen, eNOS inhibitor L-NAME and ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126. Moreover, in the case of WT mice and gene-knockout eNOS and iNOS mice, fibrauretine was able to significantly reduce the myocardial infarction area in iNOS-/- and wild type mice. However, there was no significant protective effect of fibrauretine in eNOS-/- mice. It is suggested that eNOS plays an important role in the protective effect of fibrauretine on the heart. Therefore, the results of this study show that the protective effect of fibrauretine on myocardial I/R injury is closely associated with eNOS expression, GR/ER-induced Akt phosphorylation and ERK1/2 activation.
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Berberine Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via a SIRT1/p66Shc-Mediated Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2150394. [PMID: 31885776 PMCID: PMC6918936 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2150394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin- (DOX-) induced cardiotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The adaptor protein p66Shc regulates the cellular redox status and determines cell susceptibility to apoptosis. This study is aimed at investigating the involvement of sirtuin 1- (SIRT1-) mediated p66Shc inhibition in DOX-induced redox signalling and exploring the possible protective mechanisms of berberine (Ber) against DOX-triggered cardiac injury in rats and a cultured H9c2 cell line. Our results showed that the Ber pretreatment markedly increased CAT, SOD, and GSH-PX activities, decreased the levels of MDA, and improved the electrocardiogram and histopathological changes in the myocardium in DOX-treated rats (in vivo). Furthermore, Ber significantly ameliorated the DOX-induced oxidative insult and mitochondrial damage by adjusting the levels of intracellular ROS, ΔΨm, and [Ca2+]m in H9c2 cells (in vitro). Importantly, the Ber pretreatment increased SIRT1 expression following DOX exposure but downregulated p66Shc. Consistent with the results demonstrating the SIRT1-mediated inhibition of p66Shc expression, the Ber pretreatment inhibited DOX-triggered cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. After exposing H9c2 cells to DOX, the increased SIRT1 expression induced by Ber was abrogated by a SIRT1-specific inhibitor (EX527) or the use of siRNA against SIRT1. Accordingly, SIRT1 inhibition significantly abrogated the suppression of p66Shc expression and protection of Ber against DOX-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. These results suggest that Ber protects the heart from DOX injury through SIRT1-mediated p66Shc suppression, offering a novel mechanism responsible for the protection of Ber against DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Wang J, Wang L, Lou GH, Zeng HR, Hu J, Huang QW, Peng W, Yang XB. Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:193-225. [PMID: 30963783 PMCID: PMC6461078 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coptidis rhizome (CR), also known as Huanglian in Chinese, is the rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., C. deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao, or C. teeta Wall (Ranunculaceae). It has been widely used to treat bacillary dysentery, diabetes, pertussis, sore throat, aphtha, and eczema in China. OBJECTIVES The present paper reviews the latest advances of CR, focusing on the botany, phytochemistry, traditional usages, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and toxicology of CR and its future perspectives. METHODS Studies from 1985 to 2018 were reviewed from books; PhD. and MSc. dissertations; the state and local drug standards; PubMed; CNKI; Scopus; the Web of Science; and Google Scholar using the keywords Coptis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Huanglian, and goldthread. RESULTS Currently, 128 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from CR. Alkaloids are the characteristic components, together with organic acids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids and quinones. The extracts/compounds isolated from CR cover a wide pharmacological spectrum, including antibacterial, antivirus, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer and cardioprotective effects. Berberine is the most important active constituent and the primary toxic component of CR. CONCLUSIONS As an important herbal medicine in Chinese medicine, CR has the potential to treat various diseases. However, further research should be undertaken to investigate the clinical effects, toxic constituents, target organs and pharmacokinetics, and to establish criteria for quality control, for CR and its related medications. In addition, the active constituents, other than alkaloids, in both raw and processed products of CR should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Yang
- Ya'an Xun Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ya'an, China
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Che Y, Shen DF, Wang ZP, Jin YG, Wu QQ, Wang SS, Yuan Y. Protective role of berberine in isoprenaline-induced cardiac fibrosis in rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:219. [PMID: 31615408 PMCID: PMC6792193 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis is a crucial aspect of cardiac remodeling that can severely affect cardiac function. Cardiac fibroblasts surely influence this process. Besides, macrophage plays an essential role in cardiac remodeling after heart injury. However, whether macrophage influence fibroblasts remain a question worth exploring. This study aimed to define the role of berberine (BBR) on isoprenaline (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis in an in vivo rat model and try to figure out the mechanism in vitro study. METHODS The Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control group, ISO-treated group, and ISO + BBR (10 mg/kg/d, 30 mg/kg/d, and 60 mg/kg/d orally)-pretreatment groups. Fibrosis was induced by ISO administration (5 mg/kg/d subcutaneously) for 10 days. One day after the last injection, all of the rats were sacrificed. Using picrosirius red (PSR) straining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, western blot, RT-qPCR and cell co-culture, we explored the influence of pretreatment by BBR on ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis. RESULTS Our results showed that BBR pretreatment greatly limited ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Moreover, BBR administration reduced macrophage infiltration into the myocardium of ISO-treated rats and inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/smads signaling pathways in comparison to that seen in the ISO group. Besides, in vitro study showed that BBR-pretreatment reduced ISO-induced TGF-β1 mRNA expression in macrophages and ISO stimulation of macrophages significantly increased the expression of fibrotic markers in fibroblasts, but BBR-pretreatment blocked this increase. CONCLUSION Our results showed that BBR may have a protective role to cardiac injury via reducing of macrophage infiltration and forbidding fibroblasts transdifferent into an 'activated' secretory phenotype, myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Che
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Di-Fei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Peng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Ge Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Rd 238, Wuhan, 430060, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China.
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Phikud Navakot Modulates the Level of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and the Protein Expression of SOD1 and 2 and the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:4823645. [PMID: 31641366 PMCID: PMC6766678 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4823645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phikud Navakot (PN) is nine major herbs in a famous traditional Thai recipe namely “Yahom Navakot” used to treat cardiovascular disorders. This study investigated the cardioprotective effects of PN formula on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (IMI) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty-five rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 5 per group): the control, the IMI, the IMI + propranolol, the control or the IMI + PN formula (PN ethanolic extract at doses of 64, 127, or 255 mg/kg) by oroesophageal gavage for 28 days. The ST segment and serum troponin T levels were significantly increased in IMI rats. PN did not eliminate tissue necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, or interstitial edema in IMI rats. All doses of PN decreased (p < 0.001) serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels. PN (127 and 255 mg/kg) up-regulated (p < 0.05) heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression, whereas PN (255 mg/kg) significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 and 2 expression, compared with IMI rats. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1 expression significantly increased in IMI rats and IMI rats that received PN. PN formula possesses potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties by modulating the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and antioxidant enzymes. Our study reveals a novel cardioprotective effect of PN in IMI rats through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
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Feng X, Sureda A, Jafari S, Memariani Z, Tewari D, Annunziata G, Barrea L, Hassan ST, Šmejkal K, Malaník M, Sychrová A, Barreca D, Ziberna L, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G, Xu S, Nabavi SM, Shen AZ. Berberine in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Theranostics 2019; 9:1923-1951. [PMID: 31037148 PMCID: PMC6485276 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, underscoring the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is an eminent component of traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for more than 2000 years. Recently, BBR has attracted much interest for its pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing CVMD. Recent discoveries of basic, translational and clinical studies have identified many novel molecular targets of BBR (such as AMPK, SIRT1, LDLR, PCSK9, and PTP1B) and provided novel evidences supporting the promising therapeutic potential of BBR to combat CVMD. Thus, this review provides a timely overview of the pharmacological properties and therapeutic application of BBR in CVMD, and underlines recent pharmacological advances which validate BBR as a promising lead drug against CVMD.
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13
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Chen X, Guo H, Li Q, Zhang Y, Liu H, Zhang X, Xie K, Zhu Z, Miao Q, Su S. Protective effect of berberine on aconite‑induced myocardial injury and the associated mechanisms. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4468-4476. [PMID: 30221717 PMCID: PMC6172373 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconitum plants, which have analgesic, diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects, have been widely used to treat various types of disease. However, the apparent toxicity of Aconitum-derived agents, particularly in the cardiovascular system, has largely limited their clinical use. Thus, the present study investigated whether berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, may reduce myocardial injury induced by aconitine (AC) in rats and the underlying mechanisms. Rats (n=40) were randomly divided into four groups: Control, Chuan-wu and Chuan-wu + Ber (8 and 16 mg/kg doses). Electrocardiograms (ECG) of the rats were recorded and serum biomarkers of cardiac function [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB] were assayed. Histopathological changes were assessed using myocardial tissue sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Additionally, the effects of Ber on AC-induced arrhythmias in rats were observed. The changes in ECG following AC perfusion were observed, and the types and onset time of arrhythmias were analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of Ber and AC on papillary muscle action potentials were observed. The results suggested that Ber ameliorated myocardial injury induced by Chuan-wu, which was indicated by reduced arrhythmias and decreased LDH, CK and CK-MB levels in serum. Furthermore, histological damage, including dilation of small veins and congestion, was also markedly attenuated by Ber. In addition, the occurrence of arrhythmias was significantly delayed, and the dosage of AC required to induce arrhythmias was also increased by Ber pretreatment. Additionally, AC-induced changes in action potential amplitude, duration of 30% repolarization and duration of 90% repolarization in the papillary muscle were attenuated by Ber. All of these results indicate that Ber had a preventive effect on acute myocardial injury induced by Chuan-wu and arrhythmias caused by AC, which may be associated with the inhibition of delayed depolarization and triggered activity caused by AC. Thus, combination treatment of Ber with Aconitum plants may be a novel strategy to prevent AC-induced myocardial injury in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Family Planning Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Huanlong Liu
- Pharmaceutical Department of The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Kerang Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Zhongning Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Suwen Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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14
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Meng FC, Wu ZF, Yin ZQ, Lin LG, Wang R, Zhang QW. Coptidis rhizoma and its main bioactive components: recent advances in chemical investigation, quality evaluation and pharmacological activity. Chin Med 2018. [PMID: 29541156 PMCID: PMC5842587 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coptidis rhizoma (CR) is the dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., C. deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao or C. teeta Wall. (Ranunculaceae) and is commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of various diseases including bacillary dysentery, typhoid, tuberculosis, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, empyrosis, pertussis, and other illnesses. Methods A literature survey was conducted via SciFinder, ScieneDirect, PubMed, Springer, and Wiley databases. A total of 139 selected references were classified on the basis of their research scopes, including chemical investigation, quality evaluation and pharmacological studies. Results Many types of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, lignans, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saccharides, and steroids have been isolated from CR. Among them, protoberberine-type alkaloids, such as berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, columamine, are the main components of CR. Quantitative determination of these alkaloids is a very important aspect in the quality evaluation of CR. In recent years, with the advances in isolation and detection technologies, many new instruments and methods have been developed for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the main alkaloids from CR. The quality control of CR has provided safety for pharmacological applications. These quality evaluation methods are also frequently employed to screen the active components from CR. Various investigations have shown that CR and its main alkaloids exhibited many powerful pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-Alzheimer and hepatoprotective activities. Conclusion This review summarizes the recent phytochemical investigations, quality evaluation methods, the biological studies focusing on CR as well as its main alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Cheng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines Pharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cardioprotective effects of total flavonoids from Jinhe Yangxin prescription by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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16
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Tekce E, Gül M. Effects of Origanum Syriacum Essential Oil on Blood Parameters of Broilers Reared at High Ambient Heat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Gül
- Atatürk University Erzurum, Turkey
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17
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Bai C, Ren Y, Huang J, Zhang Y, LI L, Du G. High-mobility group Box-1 regulates acute myocardial ischemia-induced injury through the toll-like receptor 4-related pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:8344-8352. [PMID: 31966685 PMCID: PMC6965424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein released by necrotic cells as a result of its interactions with several receptors, including the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and members of the toll-like receptor family. HMGB1 has been implicated in autoimmune diseases and hepatic and intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, its role in myocardial ischemia-induced injury remains unclear. In this study, isoproterenol (ISO) was used to establish a myocardial ischemia mouse model. Treating mice with recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) worsened myocardial injury, whereas treating mice with antibodies that neutralized HMGB1 significantly reduced tissue damage. Interestingly, myocardial ischemia severity was not affected by rHMGB1 or HMGB1 antibody administration in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient mice (TLR4-/-), which demonstrated significantly reduced ischemia-induced cardiac tissue damage compared with wild-type (WT) mice. HMGB1 plays an important role in myocardial ischemia-induced injury by binding to TLR4, which results in proinflammatory pathway activation and enhanced myocardial injury. Therefore, blocking HMGB1 or TLR4 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating myocardial ischemia-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Bai
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yun Ren
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lingyi LI
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guangsheng Du
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshan, China
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, Xinjiang, China
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18
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Sun L, Liu J, Sun M, Lin L, Miao L, Ge Z, Yang B. Comprehensive metabonomic analysis of heart tissue from isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction rat based on reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2198-2206. [PMID: 28371309 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We aim to describe the metabonomic characteristics of myocardial infarction rats. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was utilized to develop a metabonomic method of the heart homogenates of myocardial infarction rats. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography allows the analysis of high polar metabolites, providing complementary information to reversed-phase liquid chromatography. We combined reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatographic separations to analyze 18 samples, ten from myocardial infarction rat hearts and eight from normal rat hearts. A total of 16 potential biomarkers in rat heart tissue were screened out, primarily related to oxidative stress, nitric oxide damage, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. This research showed that a comprehensive metabonomic study is a useful tool to reveal the underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqian Sun
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lin
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Miao
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyan Ge
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Xiyuan hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing key lab of TCM pharmacology, Beijing, China
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Lee DU, Ko YS, Kim HJ, Chang KC. 13-Ethylberberine reduces HMGB1 release through AMPK activation in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells and protects endotoxemic mice from organ damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 86:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Li S, Guo M, Mao H, Gao Z, Xu H, Shi D. Qing-Xin-Jie-Yu Granules in addition to conventional treatment for patients with stable coronary artery disease (QUEST Trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2016; 17:451. [PMID: 27628038 PMCID: PMC5024507 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent cardiovascular event remains high in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD), especially in patients with multiple risk factors, despite a high rate of use conventional treatment. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a promising complementary and alternative medicine for treating SCAD, while evidence for its effect on long-term survival is limited. This study was designed to test if Chinese herbal medicine in addition to conventional treatment is more effective than conventional treatment alone in reducing major adverse cardiac event (MACE) for SCAD patients with multiple risk factors during a 1-year follow-up. METHODS This is a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 1500 patients are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive the Qing-Xin-Jie-Yu Granules (QXJYG) or the placebo granules, twice daily for 6 months. The primary outcome is the combined outcomes including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction and revascularization. The secondary outcome is the combined outcomes including all-cause mortality, re-admission for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure, malignant supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmia influencing hemodynamics, ischemic stroke, and other thromboembolic events during 1-year follow-up. The assessment is performed at baseline (before randomization), 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after randomization. DISCUSSION This is the first multicenter trial sponsored by the national funding of China to evaluate TCM in combination with conventional treatment on 1-year survival in high-risk SCAD patients. If successful, it will provide an evidence-based complementary therapeutic approach for reducing MACE from SCAD. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on December 28, 2013. The registration number is ChiCTR-TRC-13004370 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
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Chang KC, Ko YS, Kim HJ, Nam DY, Lee DU. 13-Methylberberine reduces HMGB1 release in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells and increases the survival of septic mice through AMPK/P38 MAPK activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 40:269-276. [PMID: 27632705 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a late phase cytokine of sepsis, is viewed as a potential target for the treatment of sepsis. The authors considered that 13-methylberberine (13-MB) might reduce circulating HMGB1 levels and increase survival in a mouse model of sepsis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Western blot analysis and vascular contraction testing were performed using RAW264.7 cells and rat thoracic aorta, respectively. The mechanisms responsible were investigated using various signal inhibitors and small interfering RNA techniques. 13-MB significantly reduced HMGB1 release by LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, and this was prevented by silencing AMPK or p38, or by pretreating cells with p38 MAPKinase inhibitor, suggesting that the activations of p38 and AMPK were responsible for the observed reduction in HMGB1 release. As was expected, 13-MB increased the phosphorylations of p38 and AMPK. Interestingly, phosphorylations of p38 by 13-MB were inhibited by AMPKsiRNA, indicating that AMPK lies upstream of p38. Furthermore, 13-MB concentration-dependently inhibited IκB phosphorylation in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, and in aortic rings, co-treatment with 13-MB and LPS for 8h, in vitro, significantly restored the isometric contraction induced by phenylephrine. Importantly, 13-MB significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced endotoxemic mice. These results suggest 13-MB may be useful for treating diseases in which HMGB1 is viewed as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Churl Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Gyeongsang National University and Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Shin Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Gyeongsang National University and Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Gyeongsang National University and Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yeong Nam
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ung Lee
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis Vulgaris and Berberine: An Update Review. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1745-1764. [PMID: 27528198 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid present in several plants, including Coptis sp. and Berberis sp. Berberine is a customary component in Chinese medicine, and is characterized by a diversity of pharmacological effects. An extensive search in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Wiley, ProQuest, ISI, and Science Direct) were used to identify the pharmacological and clinical studies on Berberis vulgaris and berberine, during 2008 to 2015, using 'berberine' and 'Berberis vulgaris' as search words. We found more than 1200 new article studying the properties and clinical uses of berberine and B. vulgaris, for treating tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemia trauma, mental disease, Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, and so on. In this article, we have updated the pharmacological effects of B. vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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23
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Zhao C, Meng F, Geng L, Zhao X, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Qin S. Cardiac-protective effects and the possible mechanisms of alatamine during acute myocardial ischemia. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:433-40. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alatamine is a constituent in the extract of a traditional herbal medicine Ramulus euonymi widely used for cardiac protection. However, its precise effects remain unclear. In the present study, we found that alatamine was able to reduce acute myocardial ischemia (AMI)-induced cardiac dysfunction in a rat model, as reflected by significantly restored electrocardiograms, M-mode echocardiograms, and left ventricular hemodynamics. Also, Nagar Olsen staining revealed that alatamine markedly reduced AMI-induced cardiac injury and cardiac myocyte apoptosis. TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay showed that cardiac myocytes underwent significant apoptosis during AMI, and levels of LDH and CK-MB increased in the serum. However, such changes were significantly inhibited by pre-administration of alatamine. Furthermore, such anti-apoptotic effects of alatamine was also confirmed in a cardiac myocyte model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced damage. Mechanistically, it was also found that alatamine improved the expression and activity of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), which were inhibited during AMI, promoting contractility and relaxation. Meanwhile, alatamine decreased Bax and increased Bcl-2 expressions both in vivo and in vitro, therefore inhibiting cardiac myocyte apoptosis and preventing cardiac dysfunction caused by AMI at the cellular level. The present study revealed the beneficial role of alatamine in cardiac protection and highlighted it as a potential therapeutic reagent for reduction of AMI-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Fanxin Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Geng
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhi Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, P. R. China
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Berberine protects rat heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling and attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:354-67. [PMID: 26806299 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline-derived alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, exerts cardioprotective effects. Because endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R)-induced apoptosis, it was interesting to examine whether the protective effects of BBR resulted from modulating ER stress levels during MI/R injury, and to define the signaling mechanisms in this process. METHODS Male rats were treated with BBR (200 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1), ig) for 2 weeks, and then subjected to MI/R surgery. Cardiac dimensions and function were assessed using echocardiography. Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis was examined. Total serum LDH levels and CK activities, superoxide production, MDA levels and the antioxidant SOD activities in heart tissue were determined. An in vitro study was performed on cultured rat embryonic myocardium-derived cells H9C2 exposed to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SIR). The expression of apoptotic, ER stress-related and signaling proteins were assessed using Western blot analyses. RESULTS Pretreatment with BBR significantly reduced MI/R-induced myocardial infarct size, improved cardiac function, and suppressed myocardial apoptosis and oxidative damage. Furthermore, pretreatment with BBR suppressed MI/R-induced ER stress, evidenced by down-regulating the phosphorylation levels of myocardial PERK and eIF2α and the expression of ATF4 and CHOP in heart tissues. Pretreatment with BBR also activated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in heart tissues, and co-treatment with AG490, a specific JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, blocked not only the protective effects of BBR, but also the inhibition of BBR on MI/R-induced ER stress. In H9C2 cells, treatment with BBR (50 μmol/L) markedly reduced SIR-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and ER stress, which were abolished by transfection with JAK2 siRNA. CONCLUSION BBR ameliorates MI/R injury in rats by activating the AK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and attenuating ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Suman RK, Borde MK, Mohanty IR, Maheshwari U, Deshmukh YA. Myocardial Salvaging Effects of Berberine in Experimental Diabetes Co-Existing with Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:FF13-8. [PMID: 27134894 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/15794.7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Berberis aristata, has been shown to display a wide array of pharmacological activities (hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic). AIM The present study was designed to investigate whether these pharmacological properties translate into the cardioprotective effects of Berberine in the setting of diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Necessary approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee was taken for the study. Experimental diabetes was produced with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ): 45mg/kg ip and myocardial infarction was induced by administering Isoproterenol (ISP): 85mg/kg, sc to rats on 35(th) & 36(th) day. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7(th) day (>200mg/dl), Berberine (100 mg/kg) was administered orally to experimental rats from day 8 and continued for 30 days thereafter. Various anti-diabetic (Glucose, HbA1c), cardioprotective (CPK-MB), metabolic (lipid profile), safety {liver function (SGPT, kidney function (Creatinine)} and histopathological indices of injury were evaluated in Healthy Control, Diabetic Control and Berberine treated groups. RESULTS Administration of STZ-ISP resulted in a significant decrease in body weight (p<0.001), diabetic changes (increase in blood glucose, HbA1c), cardiac injury (leakage of myocardial CPK-MB), altered lipid profile, SGPT, creatinine levels (p<0.001) in the diabetic control group rats as compared to healthy control. Berberine treatment demonstrated significant antidiabetic as well as myocardial salvaging effects as indicated by restoration of blood glucose, HbA1c and CPK-MB levels (p<0.001) compared to diabetic control group. In addition, Berberine favourably modulated the lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL). Subsequent to ISP challenge, histopathological assessment of heart, pancreas and biochemical indices of injury confirmed the cardioprotective effects of Berberine in setting of diabetes. In addition, Berberine was found to be safe to the liver and kidney. CONCLUSION Berberine treatment produced myocardial salvaging effects in the setting of diabetes challenged with ISP induced myocardial necrosis. Cardioprotection may be attributed to anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Suman
- Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Manjusha K Borde
- Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ipseeta Ray Mohanty
- Professor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ujwala Maheshwari
- Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Y A Deshmukh
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
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Development of an Experimental Model of Diabetes Co-Existing with Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2016; 2016:9463476. [PMID: 26880906 PMCID: PMC4736803 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9463476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. The incidence of metabolic syndrome co-existing with diabetes mellitus is on the rise globally. Objective. The present study was designed to develop a unique animal model that will mimic the pathological features seen in individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome, suitable for pharmacological screening of drugs. Materials and Methods. A combination of High-Fat Diet (HFD) and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 30, 35, and 40 mg/kg was used to induce metabolic syndrome in the setting of diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats. Results. The 40 mg/kg STZ produced sustained hyperglycemia and the dose was thus selected for the study to induce diabetes mellitus. Various components of metabolic syndrome such as dyslipidemia {(increased triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and decreased HDL cholesterol)}, diabetes mellitus (blood glucose, HbA1c, serum insulin, and C-peptide), and hypertension {systolic blood pressure} were mimicked in the developed model of metabolic syndrome co-existing with diabetes mellitus. In addition to significant cardiac injury, atherogenic index, inflammation (hs-CRP), decline in hepatic and renal function were observed in the HF-DC group when compared to NC group rats. The histopathological assessment confirmed presence of edema, necrosis, and inflammation in heart, pancreas, liver, and kidney of HF-DC group as compared to NC. Conclusion. The present study has developed a unique rodent model of metabolic syndrome, with diabetes as an essential component.
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Liu G, Song H, Qiu L, He A, Tong F, Wan Q, Wang X, Xia Y, Huang L. Dexmedetomidine preconditioning inhibits the long term inflammation induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:8-14. [PMID: 26840350 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160010000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lili Qiu
- Qianjiang central Hospital, China
| | - Anren He
- Qianjiang central Hospital, China
| | | | - Qifu Wan
- Qianjiang central Hospital, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Qianjiang central Hospital, China
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Berberine Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Response: Role of Silent Information Regulator 1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:1689602. [PMID: 26788242 PMCID: PMC4691633 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1689602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) exerts potential protective effect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Activation of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling attenuates MI/R injury by reducing oxidative damage and inflammation response. This study investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of BBR treatment in MI/R condition and elucidated its potential mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with BBR in the absence or presence of the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol (Stnl) and then subjected to MI/R injury. BBR conferred cardioprotective effects by improving postischemic cardiac function, decreasing infarct size, reducing apoptotic index, diminishing serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, upregulating SIRT1, Bcl-2 expressions, and downregulating Bax and caspase-3 expressions. Stnl attenuated these effects by inhibiting SIRT1 signaling. BBR treatment also reduced myocardium superoxide generation, gp91phox expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and cardiac inflammatory markers and increased myocardium superoxide dismutase (SOD) level. However, these effects were also inhibited by Stnl. Consistently, BBR conferred similar antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects against simulated ischemia reperfusion injury in cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes. SIRT1 siRNA administration also abolished these effects. In summary, our results demonstrate that BBR significantly improves post-MI/R cardiac function recovery and reduces infarct size against MI/R injury possibly due to its strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, SIRT1 signaling plays a key role in this process.
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Phytochemical Compounds and Protection from Cardiovascular Diseases: A State of the Art. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:918069. [PMID: 26504846 PMCID: PMC4609427 DOI: 10.1155/2015/918069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a worldwide relevant socioeconomical problem. Cardiovascular disease prevention relies also on lifestyle changes, including dietary habits. The cardioprotective effects of several foods and dietary supplements in both animal models and in humans have been explored. It was found that beneficial effects are mainly dependent on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, also involving modulation of mitochondrial function. Resveratrol is one of the most studied phytochemical compounds and it is provided with several benefits in cardiovascular diseases as well as in other pathological conditions (such as cancer). Other relevant compounds are Brassica oleracea, curcumin, and berberine, and they all exert beneficial effects in several diseases. In the attempt to provide a comprehensive reference tool for both researchers and clinicians, we summarized in the present paper the existing literature on both preclinical and clinical cardioprotective effects of each mentioned phytochemical. We structured the discussion of each compound by analyzing, first, its cellular molecular targets of action, subsequently focusing on results from applications in both ex vivo and in vivo models, finally discussing the relevance of the compound in the context of human diseases.
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Thymoquinone Protects against Myocardial Ischemic Injury by Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:143629. [PMID: 26101531 PMCID: PMC4458551 DOI: 10.1155/2015/143629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at investigating the cardioprotective activity of thymoquinone (TMQ), an active principle of the herb, Nigella sativa, which is used for the management of various diseases. The present study examined the cardioprotective effect of TMQ in isoproterenol- (ISP-) induced myocardial infarction in rats. Myocardial infarction was induced by two subcutaneous injections of ISP (85 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 hr. TMQ (20 mg/kg) was administered orally for 21 days. ISP-treated rats showed depletion of antioxidants and marker enzymes from myocardium along with lipid peroxidation and enhanced levels of proinflammatory cytokines. ISP also induced histopathological alterations in myocardium. Treatment with TMQ prevented the depletion of endogenous antioxidants and myocyte injury marker enzymes and inhibited lipid peroxidation as well as reducing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. TMQ pretreatment also reduced myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells and showed preservation of cardiomyocytes histoarchitecture. The present study results demonstrate that TMQ exerts cardioprotective effect by mitigating oxidative stress, augmenting endogenous antioxidants, and maintaining structural integrity. The results of the present study indicate that TMQ may serve as an excellent agent alone or as adjuvant to prevent the onset and progression of myocardial injury.
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Vitamin D attenuates pro-inflammatory TNF-α cytokine expression by inhibiting NF-кB/p65 signaling in hypertrophied rat hearts. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:289-99. [PMID: 25929726 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that immune activation and inflammatory mediators may play a key role in the development and progression of left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the cardioprotective effect of cholecalciferol (Vit-D3) is mediated via the regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group received normal saline (0.9 % NaCl) i.p. for 14 days; Vit-D3 group received Vit-D3 at a dose of 12 μg/kg/day by gavage for 14 days; ISO group received saline for 7 days, and at day 7, ISO (5 mg/kg/day) was injected i.p. for 7 consecutive days to induce cardiac hypertrophy; and Vit-D3 + ISO group was treated with Vit-D3 for 14 days, and at day 7, ISO was administered for 7 consecutive days. Heart/body weight ratio, troponin-T, creatine kinase-MB, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels of LV tissue were estimated. Levels of mRNA expression of NF-кB (NF-кB)/p65 and inhibitory kappa B (IкB)-α were determined by real-time PCR. Vit-D3 administration before and during induction of cardiac hypertrophy significantly reduced (P < 0.001) cardiac biomarkers. The histopathological examination further confirmed these results. In addition, Vit-D3 significantly decreased (P < 0.001) NF-кB-p65 mRNA expression and increased (P < 0.01) IкB-α mRNA expression in LV tissues compared to ISO group. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the administration of cholecalciferol markedly attenuated the development of ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy likely through downregulation of TNF-α /NF-кb/p65 signaling pathways. However, it should be pointed out that other signaling pathways may contribute to the cardioprotective effect of Vit-D3 which requires further investigation.
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