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Sherkhane B, Kalvala AK, Arruri VK, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Renoprotective potential of myo-inositol on diabetic kidney disease: Focus on the role of the PINK1/Parkin pathway and mitophagy receptors. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23032. [PMID: 35243728 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have emphasized the role of mitochondria in renal function as well as in renal injury. Poor mitochondrial quality control mechanisms including mitochondrial fusion, fission and mitophagy are major contributors for progression of diabetic renal injury. The current study is aimed to evaluate the protective role of myo-inositol (MI) against diabetic nephropathy (DN) by utilizing high glucose exposed NRK 52E cell and streptozotocin (STZ) induced DN model. MI supplementation (at doses 37.5 and 75 mg/kg) ameliorated albuminuria and enhanced the renal function as indicated significant improvement in urinary creatinine and urea levels. On the other hand, the western blot analysis of both in vitro and in vivo studies has revealed poor mitophagy in renal cells which was reversed upon myo-inositol treatment. Apart from targeting the canonical PINK1/Parkin pathway, we also focused on the role mitophagy receptors prohibitin (PHB) and NIP3-like protein (NIX). A significant reduction in expression of NIX and PHB2 was observed in renal tissue of diabetic control rats and high glucose exposed NRK 52E cells. Myo-inositol treatment resulted in positive modulation of PINK1/Parkin pathway as well as PHB2 and NIX. Myo-inositol also enhanced the mitochondrial biogenesis in renal tissue of diabetic rat by upregulating Nrf2/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis. The current study thus underlines the renoprotective effect myo-inositol, upregulation of mitophagy proteins and mitochondrial biogenesis upon myo-inositol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhoomika Sherkhane
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Kalvala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Arruri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Chronotype: A Tool to Screen Eating Habits in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050955. [PMID: 35267930 PMCID: PMC8912410 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, whose lifestyle approach is an essential part of the treatment. Recently, chronotype, i.e., a trait that determines individual’s circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythms, has been reported to play a role in determining nutrition preferences and the risk of developing chronic diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate if chronotype categories (morning, evening, and neither) could be used as tool to screen eating habits in women with PCOS. In this observational cross-sectional study, we assessed anthropometric measurements, lifestyle habits, chronotype categories, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, dietary pattern, and metabolic parameters in 112 women with PCOS. Chronotype was classified as morning in 27.7%, evening in 42.9%, and neither in 29.5% of subjects. Women with PCOS with evening chronotype showed significantly higher percentages of grade I (p = 0.003) and grade II obesity (p = 0.001), did less regular exercise (p < 0.001), and most of them were smokers (p < 0.001) compared to those with neither and morning chronotypes. Women with PCOS with evening chronotype were significantly more insulin resistant (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HoMA-IR) cut off > 2.5) than other two chronotypes (p < 0.001). Women with PCOS with evening chronotype had the lowest PREvención con DIetaMEDiterránea (PREDIMED) score, consumed more calories (p < 0.001), total (p < 0.001) and simple carbohydrates (p < 0.001), total fat (p < 0.001) and saturated fatty acids (p < 0.001), polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.001) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.001), and less fiber (p < 0.001) than women with PCOS with other chronotypes. In addition, women with PCOS with evening chronotype consumed less extra virgin olive oil (p = 0.001), legumes (p = 0.038), fish/seafood (p < 0.001), and tree nuts (p = 0.041) than women with PCOS of the other two chronotype categories and less red wine (p < 0.001) and more red/processed meat (p < 0.001) than women with PCOS with morning chronotype. In conclusion, in women with PCOS, evening chronotype has been associated with a most severe insulin resistance and unhealthiest eating habits. Thus, chronotype assessment could be an effective tool to screen the eating habits, and more generally the lifestyle, of women with PCOS.
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Barrea L, Vetrani C, Verde L, Napolitano B, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. "Forever young at the table": metabolic effects of eating speed in obesity. J Transl Med 2021; 19:530. [PMID: 34952593 PMCID: PMC8709969 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are recognized as the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. In recent years eating speed (ES) has been of particular interest since some studies have associated it with the development of obesity and CMD. However, the different impact of the ES at which main meals are eaten on the risk of developing these diseases has not yet been identified. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of ES at the main meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) on the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and hypertension) in middle-aged Caucasian subjects with obesity. Methods For this purpose we carried out a cross-sectional, observational study. One hundred and eighty-seven middle-aged subjects aged 43.6 ± 16 years were enrolled of which anthropometric parameters and lifestyle habits were studied. A dietary interview was performed to collect information about meal duration and eating habits at the main meals. According to median value of meal duration, meals were classified in two groups: fast eating group (FEG) and slow eating group (SEG). Results The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was more than twice in FEG compared to SEG at lunch and dinner. For all main meals, FEG had a significantly higher risk of dyslipidaemia than SEG (p < 0.05) in unadjusted model. However, when the model was adjusted for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking and alcohol use and medication, the result remained significant for lunch and dinner (p < 0.05). Conclusion The results of our study suggest that fast eating increases at lunch and dinner increase the risk of developing dyslipidaemia in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Department of Humanities, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143, Naples, Italy.,Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients With Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Napolitano
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients With Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients With Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients With Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients With Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. .,UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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PCOS and Assisted Reproduction Technique: Role and Relevance of Inositols. ENDOCRINES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines2040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder often characterized by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, especially in overweight/obese women. Among insulin sensitizers, the positive role of inositols has been increasingly established in recent years. The action of inositols not only concerns the metabolic parameters of these patients, but also the hormonal profile, resulting in beneficial effects on ovarian function. For this reason, many studies have tried to recognize their role in PCOS infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.
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Dietz de Loos A, Jiskoot G, Beerthuizen A, Busschbach J, Laven J. Metabolic health during a randomized controlled lifestyle intervention in women with PCOS. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 186:53-64. [PMID: 34714771 PMCID: PMC8679850 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Both PCOS and MetS are associated with excess weight. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of a three-component lifestyle intervention (LSI) with or without short message service (SMS+ or SMS-, respectively) on the prevalence and severity of MetS and metabolic parameters, compared to care as usual (CAU). DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. METHODS Women diagnosed with PCOS and a BMI >25 kg/m2 (n = 183) were either assigned to a 1-year three-component (cognitive behavioural therapy, diet, and exercise) LSI, with or without SMS support, or to CAU which provided weight-loss advice only. Main outcome measures included changes in the prevalence of MetS, the continuous MetS severity z-score (cMetS z-score), metabolic parameters, and the impact of weight loss. RESULTS After 1 year, the decrease in the cMetS z-score was greater in the SMS+ group than the CAU group (-0.39, P = 0.015). The prevalence of MetS changed with -21.6% (P = 0.037), -16.5% (P = 0.190), and +7.0% (P = 0.509) in both LSI groups and CAU group, respectively. A post hoc analysis for both LSI groups combined vs CAU resulted in a MetS difference of -25.9% (P = 0.046). Moreover, weight loss per se resulted in significantly favourable effects on all metabolic parameters. CONCLUSIONS This three-component LSI was more successful in improving metabolic health compared to CAU. Therefore, we recommend this intervention to women with PCOS and excess weight, provided that a clinically relevant weight loss is being pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dietz de Loos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Correspondence should be addressed to A Dietz de Loos;
| | - Geranne Jiskoot
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemerle Beerthuizen
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joop Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Liyanage GSG, Inoue R, Fujitani M, Ishijima T, Shibutani T, Abe K, Kishida T, Okada S. Effects of Soy Isoflavones, Resistant Starch and Antibiotics on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Like Features in Letrozole-Treated Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113759. [PMID: 34836015 PMCID: PMC8621859 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. Recently, various dietary interventions have been used extensively as a novel therapy against PCOS. In the present study, we show that soy isoflavone metabolites and resistant starch, together with gut microbiota modulations, were successful in decreasing the severity of PCOS-like reproductive features while increasing the expression of gut barrier markers and butyric acid in the gut. In the letrozole-induced PCOS model rats, the intake of both 0.05% soy isoflavones and 11% resistant starch, even with letrozole treatment, reduced the severity of menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries with a high concentration of soy isoflavones and equol in plasma. Antibiotic cocktail treatment suppressed soy isoflavone metabolism in the gut and showed no considerable effects on reducing the PCOS-like symptoms. The mRNA expression level of occludin significantly increased with soy isoflavone and resistant starch combined treatment. Bacterial genera such as Blautia, Dorea and Clostridium were positively correlated with menstrual irregularity under resistant starch intake. Moreover, the concentration of butyric acid was elevated by resistant starch intake. In conclusion, we propose that both dietary interventions and gut microbiota modulations could be effectively used in reducing the severity of PCOS reproductive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geethika S. G. Liyanage
- Food Functionality Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (G.S.G.L.); (T.I.); (T.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Osaka 573-0101, Japan;
| | - Mina Fujitani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Science, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (M.F.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomoko Ishijima
- Food Functionality Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (G.S.G.L.); (T.I.); (T.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Taisei Shibutani
- Food Functionality Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (G.S.G.L.); (T.I.); (T.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Keiko Abe
- Food Functionality Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (G.S.G.L.); (T.I.); (T.S.); (K.A.)
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Taro Kishida
- Laboratory of Nutrition Science, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (M.F.); (T.K.)
- Food and Health Sciences Research Centre, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Food Functionality Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (G.S.G.L.); (T.I.); (T.S.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5841-1127
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Barrea L, Frias-Toral E, Verde L, Ceriani F, Cucalón G, Garcia-Velasquez E, Moretti D, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype. Metabol Open 2021; 12:100123. [PMID: 34622189 PMCID: PMC8479825 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine/metabolic disorder with an ever-increasing prevalence. It has various clinical characteristics; the cardinals are androgen excess, oligo-anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance (IR), and cardiometabolic alterations. These disturbances are a consequence of PCOS's complex etiology. PCOS is mainly related to women with obesity; however, there are many PCOS lean patients too. Even though they share some aspects in their metabolic profiles, each group has individual differences in body composition and other parameters. Thus, in order to achieve successful therapeutic strategies, they should be tailored to these details. The authors reviewed PubMed's updated and related publications about body composition and nutritional strategies for PCOS lean and obese patients. As previous reports have determined, dietary patterns are essential in PCOS treatment. Several diets have been studied to control and improve IR, infertility, and cardiometabolic dysfunctions in PCOS. This review will explain the specific features in metabolic characterization and body composition among these patients. Finally, the diverse nutritional strategies used in women with PCOS will be analyzed depending on their lean or obese phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143, Napoli, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Av. Pdte. Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, Guayaquil, 090615, Ecuador
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Italy
| | - Florencia Ceriani
- Escuela de Nutrición, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriela Cucalón
- ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Lifescience Faculty, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | - Dino Moretti
- Hospital "Eva Perón", Avenida San Martín, 1645, G. Baigorria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Italy
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Melatonin and Myo-Inositol: Supporting Reproduction from the Oocyte to Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168433. [PMID: 34445135 PMCID: PMC8395120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pregnancy is a sequence of events finely tuned by several molecular interactions that come with a new birth. The precise interlocking of these events affecting the reproductive system guarantees safe embryo formation and fetal development. In this scenario, melatonin and myo-inositol seem to be pivotal not only in the physiology of the reproduction process, but also in the promotion of positive gestational outcomes. Evidence demonstrates that melatonin, beyond the role of circadian rhythm management, is a key controller of human reproductive functions. Similarly, as the most representative member of the inositol’s family, myo-inositol is essential in ensuring correct advancing of reproductive cellular events. The molecular crosstalk mediated by these two species is directly regulated by their availability in the human body. To date, biological implications of unbalanced amounts of melatonin and myo-inositol in each pregnancy step are growing the idea that these molecules actively contribute to reduce negative outcomes and improve the fertilization rate. Clinical data suggest that melatonin and myo-inositol may constitute an optimal dietary supplementation to sustain safe human gestation and a new potential way to prevent pregnancy-associated pathologies.
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Bizzarri M, Logoteta P, Monastra G, Laganà AS. An innovative approach to polycystic ovary syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:546-556. [PMID: 34169781 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1920006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are insulin sensitising agents. In the ovary, myo-inositol acts as second messenger of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Both molecules were administered to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) women. The gynaecologist Vittorio Unfer was the first to give specific value to myo-inositol for the treatment of PCOS: this important innovation opened new ways of research to identify efficient therapies based on myo-inositol alone or with low doses of D-chiro-inositol. Significant successes were also gained using myo-inositol in treating male and female infertility. Unfer's researches allowed to identify "the D-Chiro-Inositol Paradox in the Ovary" and the best myo-inositol/D-chiro-inositol ratio (40:1) for the treatment of PCOS. Furthermore, his studies allowed to improve the inositol's efficacy using alpha-lactalbumin. As shown in this review, the main stages of Unfer's scientific career have been closely intertwined with important phases of the recent pharmacological research about the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Mosavat M, Mirsanjari M, Lwaleed BA, Kamarudin M, Omar SZ. Adipocyte-Specific Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (AFABP) and Chemerin in Association with Gestational Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5533802. [PMID: 34007846 PMCID: PMC8100411 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5533802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipocytokines participate in regulating the inflammatory response in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes. However, among these peptides, the role of adipocyte-specific fatty-acid-binding protein (AFABP), chemerin, and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in gestational diabetes (GDM) has not been fully investigated. METHOD The maternal fasting level of adipocytokines of 53 subjects with GDM and 43 normal pregnant (NGDM) was measured using multiplex immunoassay at 24-28 weeks, before delivery, immediate postpartum, and 2-6 months postpuerperium. RESULTS Higher levels of AFABP were associated with a 3.7-fold higher risk of GDM. Low chemerin levels were associated with a 3.6-fold higher risk of GDM. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) was inversely associated with the risk of GDM. SPARC had no association with GDM. AFABP was directly correlated to interleukin-6 (r = 0.50), insulin resistance index (r = 0.26), and body mass index (r = 0.28) and inversely correlated to C-reactive protein (r = -0.27). Chemerin levels were directly and strongly correlated with IL-10 (r = 0.41) and interleukin-4 (r = 0.50) and inversely correlated to insulin resistance index (r = -0.23) in GDM but not NGDM. In the longitudinal assessment, there were no significant differences in AFABP and chemerin concentrations of both studied groups. CONCLUSION AFABP and chemerin were associated with a higher risk of GDM. These adipocytokines were related to insulin resistance, body mass index, and inflammation in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mosavat
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mitra Mirsanjari
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Fereidonkenar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | | | - Maherah Kamarudin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Zawiah Omar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Frias-Toral E, Garcia-Velasquez E, de Los Angeles Carignano M, Rodriguez-Veintimilla D, Alvarado-Aguilera I, Bautista-Litardo N. Polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity: clinical aspects and nutritional management. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2021; 47:215-241. [PMID: 33792235 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by androgen excess, oligo-anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovaries in ultrasound examination, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic disorders, with overweight/obesity and visceral adiposity. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical characteristics and nutritional therapy of PCOS and obesity. METHODS The authors analyzed the updated and relevant publications found on Pubmed about clinical aspects and nutritional management of PCOS and obesity in studies done in animal and human models. DISCUSSION It is crucial an early detection and intervention in PCOS patients to avoid the more challenging control of the onset of more impaired-health conditions that this pathology causes. It is presented evidence that clearly shows the close interaction among oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, and PCOS. It is also analyzed the relevance of treating metabolic and nutritional correlations of PCOS with a complete therapeutic strategy that includes individualized medication, diet, and healthy habits. CONCLUSIONS By an integral approach and treatment that includes not only medications for PCOS symptoms, supplementation of minerals and vitamins to control PCOS complications but an antiinflammatory diet, nutritional education, exercise individualized program, lifestyle changes, it is possible to improve insulin resistance, sustained weight loss, ovulation rates, among other goals for the management of this disease. Further studies are needed to clarify mechanisms, beneficial effects, and doses of supplements and precise medication to determine the best combination of diets and exercise programs according to these patients' specific requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Research Committee, SOLCA Guayaquil, Av. Pedro Menendez Gilbert, Guayaquil, Ecuador - .,Palliative Care Residency from Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador -
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Pillai RA, Islam MO, Selvam P, Sharma N, Chu AHY, Watkins OC, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Chan SY. Placental Inositol Reduced in Gestational Diabetes as Glucose Alters Inositol Transporters and IMPA1 Enzyme Expression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e875-e890. [PMID: 33165596 PMCID: PMC7116629 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Perturbed inositol physiology in insulin-resistant conditions has led to proposals of inositol supplementation for gestational diabetes (GDM) prevention, but placental inositol biology is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE Investigate associations of maternal glycemia with placental inositol content, determine glucose effects on placental expression of inositol enzymes and transporters, and examine relations with birthweight. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Case-control study of placentae from term singleton pregnancies (GDM n = 24, non-GDM n = 26), and culture of another 9 placentae in different concentrations of glucose and myo-inositol for 48 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Placental inositol was quantified by the Megazyme assay. Relative expression of enzymes involved in myo-inositol metabolism and plasma membrane inositol transport was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Linear regression analyses were adjusted for maternal age, body mass index, ethnicity, gestational age, and sex. RESULTS Placental inositol content was 17% lower in GDM compared with non-GDM. Higher maternal mid-gestation glycemia were associated with lower placental inositol. Increasing fasting glycemia was associated with lower protein levels of the myo-inositol synthesis enzyme, IMPA1, and the inositol transporters, SLC5A11 and SLC2A13, the expression of which also correlated with placental inositol content. In vitro, higher glucose concentrations reduced IMPA1 and SLC5A11 mRNA expression. Increasing fasting glycemia positively associated with customized birthweight percentile as expected in cases with low placental inositol, but this association was attenuated with high placental inositol. CONCLUSION Glycemia-induced dysregulation of placental inositol synthesis and transport may be implicated in reduced placental inositol content in GDM, and this may in turn be permissive to accelerated fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma A Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohammed O Islam
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne H Y Chu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Oliver C Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Shiao Y Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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13
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Montt-Guevara MM, Finiguerra M, Marzi I, Fidecicchi T, Ferrari A, Genazzani AD, Simoncini T. D-Chiro-Inositol Regulates Insulin Signaling in Human Adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660815. [PMID: 33859622 PMCID: PMC8042392 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
D-Chiro-Inositol (D-Chiro-Ins) is a secondary messenger in the insulin signaling pathway. D-Chiro-Ins modulates insulin secretion, the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and glycogen storage. Due to these actions D-Chiro-Ins has been proposed to correct defective insulin function in a variety of conditions characterized by metabolic dysfunction, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity, gestational diabetes and fat accumulation at menopause. Since it is unclear whether D-Chiro-Ins directly acts on adipocytes, we aimed to study D-Chiro-Ins's actions on adipocyte viability, proliferation, differentiation, and insulin-related protein expression using a human adipocyte cell line derived from Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) which fully differentiates to mature adipocytes. Throughout differentiation, cells were treated with D-Chiro-Ins, 17β-estradiol (E2) or Insulin. Cell viability and proliferation were not affected by D-Chiro-Ins, then D-Chiro-Ins promoted cell differentiation only during the final days of the process, while E2 enhanced it from the first phases. D-Chiro-Ins stimulated lipid storage and the production of big lipid droplets, thus reducing the content of free fatty acids. We also found that D-Chiro-Ins, either alone or in combination with insulin and E2 increased the expression and activation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). In conclusion, this work shows that D-Chiro-Ins plays a direct role in the differentiation and in the function of human adipocytes, where it synergizes with insulin and estrogen through the recruitment of signal transduction pathways involved in lipid and glucose storage. These findings give clear insights to better understand the actions of D-Chiro-Ins on fat metabolism in women in physiology and in a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Montt-Guevara
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Finiguerra
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzi
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Fidecicchi
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Amerigo Ferrari
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro D. Genazzani
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Tommaso Simoncini,
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14
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Pani A, Giossi R, Menichelli D, Fittipaldo VA, Agnelli F, Inglese E, Romandini A, Roncato R, Pintaudi B, Del Sole F, Scaglione F. Inositol and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review on Deficiencies and Supplementation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113379. [PMID: 33153126 PMCID: PMC7694137 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver lipid accumulation is a hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), broadly associated with insulin resistance. Inositols (INS) are ubiquitous polyols implied in many physiological functions. They are produced endogenously, are present in many foods and in dietary supplements. Alterations in INS metabolism seems to play a role in diseases involving insulin resistance such as diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. Given its role in other metabolic syndromes, the hypothesis of an INS role as a supplement in NAFLD is intriguing. We performed a systematic review of the literature to find preclinical and clinical evidence of INS supplementation efficacy in NAFLD patients. We retrieved 10 studies on animal models assessing Myoinosiol or Pinitol deficiency or supplementation and one human randomized controlled trial (RCT). Overall, INS deficiency was associated with increased fatty liver in animals. Conversely, INS supplementation in animal models of fatty liver reduced hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol accumulation and maintained a normal ultrastructural liver histopathology. In the one included RCT, Pinitol supplementation obtained similar results. Pinitol significantly reduced liver fat, post-prandial triglycerides, AST levels, lipid peroxidation increasing glutathione peroxidase activity. These results, despite being limited, indicate the need for further evaluation of INS in NAFLD in larger clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (R.G.); (A.R.); (R.R.); (F.S.)
- Department of Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S., Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Giossi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (R.G.); (A.R.); (R.R.); (F.S.)
- Department of Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S., Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Menichelli
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherothrombosis Center, I Medical Clinic l, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Francesca Agnelli
- Internal Medicine Department, ASST Great Metropolitan Hospital Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elvira Inglese
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASST Great Metropolitan Hospital Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Romandini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (R.G.); (A.R.); (R.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (R.G.); (A.R.); (R.R.); (F.S.)
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Oncology Referral Center (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Basilio Pintaudi
- SSD Diabetes Unit, ASST Great Metropolitan Hospital Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesco Del Sole
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherothrombosis Center, I Medical Clinic l, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (R.G.); (A.R.); (R.R.); (F.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASST Great Metropolitan Hospital Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy;
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15
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Idicula-Thomas S, Gawde U, Bhaye S, Pokar K, Bader GD. Meta-analysis of gene expression profiles of lean and obese PCOS to identify differentially regulated pathways and risk of comorbidities. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1735-1745. [PMID: 32695266 PMCID: PMC7352056 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multigenic disorder and women with PCOS suffer from several comorbidities. Although, obesity is a known risk factor for PCOS, the incidence of lean women with PCOS is on the rise. A systematic and comparative study on lean and obese PCOS with respect to genes, pathways and comorbidity analysis has not been attempted so far. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across tissue types for lean and obese PCOS revealed that the majority of them were downregulated for lean and obese PCOS. Ovarian and endometrial tissues shared several commonly dysregulated genes, suggesting shared PCOS pathophysiology mechanisms exist across tissues. Several pathways for cellular homeostasis, such as inflammation and immune response, insulin signaling, steroidogenesis, hormonal and metabolic signaling, regulation of gonadotrophic hormone secretion, cell structure and signaling that are known to be affected in PCOS were found to be enriched in our gene expression analysis of lean and obese PCOS. The gene-disease network is denser for obese PCOS with a higher comorbidity score as compared to lean PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India.,The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ulka Gawde
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sameeksha Bhaye
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Khushal Pokar
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Derosa G, D’Angelo A, Vanelli A, Maffioli P. An Evaluation of a Nutraceutical with Berberine, Curcumin, Inositol, Banaba and Chromium Picolinate in Patients with Fasting Dysglycemia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:653-661. [PMID: 32184644 PMCID: PMC7060772 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s232791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate if a nutraceutical containing Berberine, Curcumin, Inositol, Banaba, and Chromium Picolinate (Reglicem®), can ameliorate glycemic status in patients with dysglycemia. METHODS We enrolled 148 patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, not taking any hypoglycemic compounds. Patients were randomized to take nutraceutical or placebo for 3 months, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Both nutraceutical and placebo were self-administered once a day, 1 tablet during the breakfast. RESULTS A reduction of fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose was observed with the nutraceutical combination (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo, respectively). Furthermore, a decrease of glycated hemoglobin, and fasting plasma insulin was observed with the nutraceutical combination (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo, respectively). Then, there was a reduction of homeostasis model assessment index with the nutraceutical combination (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo). M value was higher (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo) in the nutraceutical combination group at the end of the treatment. We observed a reduction of total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.05 vs baseline) and triglycerides (Tg) (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo) with the nutraceutical combination, respectively. Finally, high sensitivity C-reactive protein was reduced after 3 months with nutraceutical combination therapy (p < 0.05 vs baseline and p < 0.05 vs placebo, respectively). CONCLUSION A nutraceutical containing Berberine, Curcumin, Inositol, Banaba, and Chromium Picolinate can be helpful in improving glyco-metabolic compensation, TC and Tg value, and in reducing inflammatory status in patients with dysglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Derosa
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Center for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: Giuseppe Derosa Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le C. Golgi, 2, Pavia27100, ItalyTel +39-0382 526217Fax +39-0382 526259 Email
| | - Angela D’Angelo
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Pamela Maffioli
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Center for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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17
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Özturan A, Arslan S, Kocaadam B, Elibol E, İmamoğlu İ, Karadağ MG. Effect of inositol and its derivatives on diabetes: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 59:1124-1136. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1392926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayçıl Özturan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Gazi University, Beşevler/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Arslan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Gazi University, Beşevler/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Kocaadam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Gazi University, Beşevler/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Elibol
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İdil İmamoğlu
- Nutrition Counseling Center, Çukurambar Mahallesi Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Cad. No: 8/31, Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Makbule Gezmen Karadağ
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Gazi University, Beşevler/Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Reyes-Muñoz E, Sathyapalan T, Rossetti P, Shah M, Long M, Buscema M, Valenti G, La Rosa VL, Cianci S, Vitale SG. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implication for Drug Metabolism on Assisted Reproductive Techniques-A Literature Review. Adv Ther 2018; 35:1805-1815. [PMID: 30311070 PMCID: PMC6224003 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-018-0810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 6-10% of women and could be considered one of the most common endocrine alterations in women of reproductive age. The syndrome is characterized by several hormonal and metabolic alterations, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, which play a severe detrimental role in the patient's fertility. We aimed to offer an overview about drug metabolism in the PCOS population. Nevertheless, we did not find any study that directly compared drug metabolism between PCOS and healthy women. We therefore decided to summarize briefly how hormonal and insulin sensitizer drugs act differently in healthy and PCOS women, who show altered steroidogenesis by theca cells and metabolic imbalance, focusing especially on assisted reproductive techniques. To date, data about drug metabolism in the PCOS population appears to be extremely limited. This important gap could have significant implications for therapeutic approaches and future perspectives: the dosage of drugs commonly used for the treatment of PCOS women should be tailored according to each patient's characteristics; we should implement new clinical trials in order to identify the best pharmacologic strategy for PCOS patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF); it would be advisable to create an international expert panel to investigate the drug metabolism in the PCOS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Paola Rossetti
- Unit of Diabetology and Endocrino-Metabolic Diseases, Hospital for Emergency Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Min Long
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Massimo Buscema
- Unit of Diabetology and Endocrino-Metabolic Diseases, Hospital for Emergency Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Valenti
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Cianci
- Unità Operativa Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giovanni Vitale
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Mahamed RR, Maganhin CC, Sasso GRS, de Jesus Simões M, Baracat MCP, Baracat EC, Soares- JM. Metformin improves ovarian follicle dynamics by reducing theca cell proliferation and CYP-17 expression in an androgenized rat model. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:18. [PMID: 29490689 PMCID: PMC5831207 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metformin influences insulin receptor signaling, which might interfere with the proliferation of ovarian follicular structures and steroidogenesis. We hypothesize that reductions in glucose and insulin levels might interfere with CYP-17 expression and histomorphological changes in an androgenized rat model. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of metformin on CYP-17 expression, follicular dynamics, and proliferative parameters in neonatally androgenized female rats. Methods Thirty-six newborn rats were randomly allocated to the following three groups on the third day of life: control (CG, n = 12), androgenized (GA, n = 12), and androgenized + metformin (GAmet, n = 12). The GA and GAmet animals were administered 0.1 mL of testosterone propionate (1.25 mg/animal) diluted in castor oil (vehicle) in a single dose; the CG rats received a subcutaneous injection of the vehicle in the dorsum. After 90 days, gavage treatment was initiated, distilled water was administered to the CG and GA rats, and metformin (150 mg/kg) was administered to the GAmet animals. The treatment was administered daily for six weeks. Following anesthesia, blood was drawn for biochemical measurements, and the ovaries were removed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses of Ki67, VEGFA and CYP17 expression. The glucose and insulin levels were also measured. Results The comparison of the GA and GAmet animals revealed that metformin decreased the weight as well as the glucose and insulin levels, slowed the proliferation of the theca interna and interstitial cells, as evidenced by Ki-67 and VEGF-A expression, and diminished CYP17 expression in the analyzed ovarian structures. In addition, metformin reduced the number of degenerating follicles and interstitial cells and improved angiogenesis. Conclusion Metformin improves the carbohydrate metabolism, reduces proliferation, and decreases CYP-17 expression in the follicular structures of androgenized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rassi Mahamed
- Department of Gynecology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Gynecology (LIM 58) of Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455- sala 2113, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 01246903, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Maganhin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Gynecology (LIM 58) of Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455- sala 2113, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 01246903, Brazil.
| | - Gisela Rodrigues Silva Sasso
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Candida Pinheiro Baracat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Gynecology (LIM 58) of Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455- sala 2113, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 01246903, Brazil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Gynecology (LIM 58) of Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455- sala 2113, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 01246903, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares-
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Gynecology (LIM 58) of Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 455- sala 2113, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 01246903, Brazil
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20
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Rizzo G, Baroni L. Soy, Soy Foods and Their Role in Vegetarian Diets. Nutrients 2018; 10:E43. [PMID: 29304010 PMCID: PMC5793271 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy is a basic food ingredient of traditional Asian cuisine used for thousands of years. In Western countries, soybeans have been introduced about a hundred years ago and recently they are mainly used for surrogate foods production. Soy and soy foods are common nutritional solutions for vegetarians, due to their high protein content and versatility in the production of meat analogues and milk substitutes. However, there are some doubts about the potential effects on health, such as the effectiveness on cardiovascular risk reduction or, conversely, on the possible disruption of thyroid function and sexual hormones. The soy components that have stimulated the most research interest are isoflavones, which are polyphenols with estrogenic properties highly contained in soybeans. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of soy and soy foods, focusing on their nutrient content, including phytoestrogens and other bioactive substances that are noteworthy for vegetarians, the largest soy consumers in the Western countries. The safety of use will also be discussed, given the growing trend in adoption of vegetarian styles and the new soy-based foods availability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Baroni
- Primary Care Unit, Northern District, Local Health Unit 2, 31100 Treviso, Italy.
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21
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Unfer V, Facchinetti F, Orrù B, Giordani B, Nestler J. Myo-inositol effects in women with PCOS: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:647-658. [PMID: 29042448 PMCID: PMC5655679 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myo-inositol (MI) supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been evaluated over the last years. Many hormonal and reproductive impairments associated with this disorder seem relieved by the supplement. The objective of the meta-analysis was to assess the effects of MI alone or combined with d-chiro-inositol (DCI) on the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities of women with PCOS. Literature was retrieved from selected databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and Research Gate (up to November 2016). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of MI alone or combined with DCI were reviewed. Nine RCTs involving 247 cases and 249 controls were included. Significant decreases in fasting insulin (SMD = -1.021 µU/mL, 95% CI: -1.791 to -0.251, P = 0.009) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index (SMD = -0.585, 95% CI: -1.145 to -0.025, P = 0.041) were identified after MI supplementation. The trial sequential analysis of insulin meta-analysis illustrates that the cumulative z-curve crossed the monitoring boundary, providing firm evidence of the intervention effect. A slight trend toward a reduction of testosterone concentration by MI with respect to controls was found (SMD = -0.49, 95% CI: -1.072 to 0.092, P = 0.099), whereas androstenedione levels remained unaffected. Throughout a subgroup's meta-analysis, a significant increase in serum SHBG was observed only in those studies where MI was administered for at least 24 weeks (SMD = 0.425 nmol/L, 95% CI: 0.050-0.801, P = 0.026). These results highlight the beneficial effect of MI in improving the metabolic profile of women with PCOS, concomitantly reducing their hyperandrogenism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Unfer
- Health DepartmentUniPoliSi - Institut des Etudes Universitaires, Disentis, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Facchinetti
- Mother-Infant DepartmentUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Orrù
- Medical Affairs DepartmentLo.Li. Pharma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - John Nestler
- Departments of Medicine and Obstetrics and GynecologyVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Muscogiuri G, Palomba S, Laganà AS, Orio F. Erratum to "Inositols in the Treatment of Insulin-Mediated Diseases". Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:6189820. [PMID: 28044078 PMCID: PMC5164898 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6189820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/3058393.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- IOS and Coleman Medicina Futura Medical Center, Centro Direzionale, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Palomba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Orio
- Endocrinology, Department of Sports Science and Wellness, “Parthenope” University of Naples, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Fertility Techniques SSD, “S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona” University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
- CMSO (Centro Medico Specialistico Orio), 84127 Salerno, Italy
- *Francesco Orio:
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