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Bajgai B, Suri M, Singh H, Hanifa M, Bhatti JS, Randhawa PK, Bali A. Naringin: A flavanone with a multifaceted target against sepsis-associated organ injuries. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155707. [PMID: 38788393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis causes multiple organ dysfunctions and raises mortality and morbidity rates through a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite the growing research interest over the last few years, no satisfactory treatment exists. Naringin, a naturally occurring bioflavonoid with vast therapeutic potential in citrus fruits and Chinese herbs, has received much attention for treating sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunctions. PURPOSE The review describes preclinical evidence of naringin from 2011 to 2024, particularly emphasizing the mechanism of action mediated by naringin against sepsis-associated specific injuries. The combination therapy, safety profile, drug interactions, recent advancements in formulation, and future perspectives of naringin are also discussed. METHODS In vivo and in vitro studies focusing on the potential role of naringin and its mechanism of action against sepsis-associated organ injuries were identified and summarised in the present manuscript, which includes contributions from 2011 to 2024. All the articles were extracted from the Medline database using PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science with relevant keywords. RESULTS Research findings revealed that naringin modulates many signaling cascades, such as Rho/ROCK and PPAR/STAT1, PIP3/AKT and KEAP1/Nrf2, and IkB/NF-kB and MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1, to potentially protect against sepsis-induced intestinal, cardiac, and lung injury, respectively. Furthermore, naringin treatment exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant action against sepsis harm, highlighting naringin's promising effects in septic settings. Naringin could be employed as a treatment against sepsis, based on studies on combination therapy, synergistic effects, and toxicological investigation that show no reported severe side effects. CONCLUSION Naringin might be a promising therapeutic approach for preventing sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Naringin should be used alongside other therapeutic therapies with caution despite its great therapeutic potential and lower toxicity. Nonetheless, clinical studies are required to comprehend the therapeutic benefits of naringin against sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bivek Bajgai
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Manisha Suri
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Harshita Singh
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Mohd Hanifa
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Puneet Kaur Randhawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amritsar Group of Colleges, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India; Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Anjana Bali
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India.
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Estarreja J, Caldeira G, Silva I, Mendes P, Mateus V. The Pharmacological Effect of Hemin in Inflammatory-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:898. [PMID: 38672251 PMCID: PMC11048114 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemin is clinically used in acute attacks of porphyria; however, recent evidence has also highlighted its capability to stimulate the heme oxygenase enzyme, being associated with cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Indeed, current preclinical evidence emphasizes the potential anti-inflammatory role of hemin through its use in animal models of disease. Nevertheless, there is no consensus about the underlying mechanism(s) and the most optimal therapeutic regimens. Therefore, this review aims to summarize, analyze, and discuss the current preclinical evidence concerning the pharmacological effect of hemin. METHODS Following the application of the search expression and the retrieval of the articles, only nonclinical studies in vivo written in English were considered, where the potential anti-inflammatory effect of hemin was evaluated. RESULTS Forty-nine articles were included according to the eligibility criteria established. The results obtained show the preference of using 30 to 50 mg/kg of hemin, administered intraperitoneally, in both acute and chronic contexts. This drug demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities considering its capacity for reducing the expression of proinflammatory and oxidative markers. CONCLUSIONS This review highlighted the significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of hemin, providing a clearer vision for the medical community about the use of this drug in several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Estarreja
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.E.); (G.C.); (I.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Gonçalo Caldeira
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.E.); (G.C.); (I.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Inês Silva
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.E.); (G.C.); (I.S.); (P.M.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Priscila Mendes
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.E.); (G.C.); (I.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Vanessa Mateus
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.E.); (G.C.); (I.S.); (P.M.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Reis F, Fernandes R. Molecular Pharmacology in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3051. [PMID: 38474296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue highlights the key molecules and molecular signaling pathways associated with diabetes and its multifaceted complications [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Reis
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Cheng B, Song X, Yin L, Lin J, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Wu H. HMOX1-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes facilitate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 690:149271. [PMID: 38006802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Many scholars have suggested that exosomes (Exos) can carry active molecules to induce angiogenesis and thus accelerate diabetic wound healing. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) encoded by the gene HMOX1 promotes wound healing in DM by enhancing angiogenesis. Nevertheless, whether HMOX1 regulates wound healing in DM through mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) remains to be further explored. The primary isolated- and cultured-cells expressed MSC-specific marker proteins, and had low immunogenicity and multi-differentiation potential, which means that MSCs were successfully isolated in this study. Notably, HO-1 protein expression was significantly higher in Exo-HMOX1 than in Exos, indicating that HMOX1 could be delivered to Exos as an MSCs-secreted protein. After verifying the -Exo structure, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with Exo-HMOX1 or Exo, and the findings displayed that Exo-HMOX1 introduction promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, keratinocytes and the angiogenic ability of HUVECs in vitro study. After establishing diabetic wound model mice, PBS, Exo, and Exo-HMOX1 were subcutaneously injected into multiple sites on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th day, DM injected with Exo-HMOX1 showed faster wound healing, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis than those in PBS and Exo groups in vitro study. In summary, Exo-HMOX1 could enhance the activity of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and HUVEC, and accelerate wound healing by promoting angiogenesis in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomin Cheng
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Xiaorong Song
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Lin Yin
- Thyroid Gland Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Jiwei Lin
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Zhuochao Liu
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Haibin Wu
- Chinese Medicine Health Management Center, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Xue C, Dou J, Zhang S, Yu H, Zhang S. Shikonin potentiates skin wound healing in Sprague-Dawley rats by stimulating fibroblast and endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3633. [PMID: 38017625 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin, a major component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects and expedites wound healing. This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of shikonin in a Sprague-Dawley rat model and cell models using fibroblast and endothelial cells. METHODS The impact of shikonin on the activity of endothelial cells and fibroblasts was examined by cell counting kit 8 and wound-healing assays. A diabetic rat model was constructed, followed by wound creation for treatment with shikonin. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to assess pathological changes, and Masson's trichrome method to detect collagen deposition. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen and CD31 was conducted to detect proliferation and vascular density. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry were carried out to assess pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factor concentrations. Western blot and immunofluorescence were implemented to analyze oxidative stress-related protein expression. RESULTS Shikonin induced the activity of both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Shikonin treatment contributed to facilitated wound healing and higher healing rates in rats. It also resulted in faster lesion debulking in tissues, reduced inflammatory infiltration, increased collagen deposition, and enhanced angiogenesis. Detection of markers at the wounds showed that shikonin accelerated cell proliferation, enhanced tissue remodeling, and inhibited oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Shikonin stimulates the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, resulting in faster wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhong Xue
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinfa Dou
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huiqian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shoumin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Li W, Shen MY, Liu RB, Zhang JY, Li RY, Wang GG. Deletion of protein kinase C θ attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and further elucidates its mechanism in pathophysiology. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:1323-1330. [PMID: 39229579 PMCID: PMC11366945 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.77365.16730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) is a severe process in pathophysiology that occurs clinically in hepatectomy, and hepatic transplantations. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of PKC θ deletion against HIR injury and elucidate its mechanism in pathophysiology. Materials and Methods HIR injury was induced in wild-type and PKC θ deletion mice treated with or without heme. The ALT and AST levels were determined to evaluate liver function. HIR injury was observed via histological examination. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response markers, and their signaling pathways were detected. Results The study found that PKC θ knockout decreased serum AST and ALT levels when compared to the WT mice. Furthermore, heme treatment significantly reduced the ALT and AST levels of the PKC θ deletion mice compared with the untreated PKC θ deletion mice. PKC θ deletion markedly elevated superoxide dismutase activity in the liver tissue, reduced malondialdehyde content in the tissue, and the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels compared with the WT mice. Heme treatment was observed to elevate the activity of SOD and reduced MDA content and serum of TNF-α and IL 6 in the PKC θ deletion animals. Meanwhile, heme treatment increased HO-1 and Nrf 2 protein expression, and reduced the levels of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB, and IKB-α. Conclusion These findings suggested that PKC θ deletion ameliorates HIR, and heme treatment further improves HIR, which is related to regulation of PKC θ deletion on Nrf 2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB/IKB α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Shen
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Ruo-Bing Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun-Yang Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Rong-Yu Li
- Department of Immunology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guo-Guang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Ganesh GV, Ramkumar KM. Pterostilbene accelerates wound healing response in diabetic mice through Nrf2 regulation. Mol Immunol 2023; 164:17-27. [PMID: 37926050 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTS), known for its diverse beneficial effects via Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (Nrf2) activation, holds potential for Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) treatment. However, PTS-mediated Nrf2 regulation in diabetic wounds has yet to be elucidated. We used IC21 macrophage-conditioned media to simulate complex events that can influence the fibroblast phenotype using L929 cells during the wound healing process under a hyperglycemic microenvironment. We found that PTS attenuated fibroblast migration and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels and hypoxia-inducible factor- 1 alpha (HIF1α). Furthermore, we demonstrated that wounds in diabetic mice characterized by impaired wound closure in a heightened inflammatory milieu, such as the NOD-like receptor P3 (NLRP3) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), and deficient Nrf2 response accompanying lowered Akt signaling and heme oxygenase1 (HO1) expression along with the impaired macrophage M2 marker CD206 expression, was rescued by administration of PTS. Such an elicited response was also compared favorably with the standard treatment using Regranex, a commercially available topical formulation for treating DFUs. Our findings suggest that PTS regulates Nrf2 in diabetic wounds, triggering a pro-wound healing response mediated by macrophages. This insight holds the potential for developing targeted therapies to heal chronic wounds, including DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutham V Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Li W, Jiang Y, Yu TT, Hao W, Wang G. Lycopene improves autophagy and attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Croat Med J 2023; 64:243-255. [PMID: 37654036 PMCID: PMC10509677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of lycopene on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS Male rats were randomly assigned to the control group, CCl4 group, and lycopene group. The CCl4 group was intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 twice per week for 12 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with olive oil. Lycopene was orally administered during CCl4 treatment. Body weight and liver weight were recorded. Liver function was assessed. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were measured. Histological changes and collagen expression were evaluated. The expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, HO-1, SIRT 1, REDD1, SHP2, P62, and LC3 in the liver was determined, as well as the levels of phosphorylated NF-κB and IκB α. RESULTS Lycopene significantly reduced the liver/body weight ratio, and AST (P=0.001) and ALT levels (P=0.009). It also significantly increased CAT and SOD activities (P<0.001) and decreased MDA content (P<0.001), IL-6 (P<0.001), and TNF-α (P=0.001). Histological analysis demonstrated that lycopene improved lobular architecture and decreased collagen expression. It also decreased the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, P62, and SHP2, and increased the ratio of LC3 II/I, as well as Beclin 1 and REDD1 expression. In addition, it reduced NF-κB and IκB-α phosphorylation, and elevated the levels of HO-1, SIRT 1, and PGC 1α. CONCLUSION Lycopene attenuates CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis because of its effect on autophagy by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guoguang Wang
- Guoguang Wang, 22# Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, China,
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Ayuningtyas NF, Hendarti HT, Soebadi B, Condro Surboyo MD, Hadi P, Ganesha R, Ernawati DS, Marsetyo RI. Expression of VEGF and CD-31 in traumatic ulcer of diabetic Wistar rats after application of Citrus limon peel essential oil. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:380-385. [PMID: 37025967 PMCID: PMC10070900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that delays the healing process, including the interruption of the processes of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The etiology of most angiogenic-related diseases, such as diabetes complications, includes the presence of hypoxia caused by declined vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) and CD-31. d-limonene, one of the main constituents of Citrus limon, is considered to have angiogenic, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the exact mechanism of this process remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the potential of C. limon as a medication for diabetic ulceration. Methods A total of 30 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) induced with DM and traumatic ulcers on the lower lip mucosa were divided into six groups-three each for control and treatment groups. Control groups were treated with CMC 5% gel, and treatment groups were administered with C. limon peel essential oil gel. The expression of VEGF and CD-31 was observed on days 5, 7, and 9. Immunohistochemical examinations were performed with the monoclonal antibodies anti-VEGF and anti-CD-31. ANOVA was conducted to analyze the differences between the groups (p < 0.05). Result An increase in VEGF and CD-31 expression in the treatment group was observed compared with that of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Citrus limon peel essential oil gel increased VEGF and CD-31 expression during the healing process of traumatic ulcers in diabetes-afflicted Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hening Tuti Hendarti
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bagus Soebadi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Priyo Hadi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Raziv Ganesha
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Diah Savitri Ernawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Riyan Iman Marsetyo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Wang YY, Addisu KD, Gebrie HT, Darge HF, Wu TY, Hong ZX, Tsai HC. Multifunctional thermosensitive hydrogel based on alginate and P(NIPAM-co-HEMIN) composites for accelerated diabetic wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124540. [PMID: 37085062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Non-healing wounds in patients with diabetes are a concerning issue associated with amputation and a high mortality rate. These wounds are exacerbated by oxidative stress and microbial infections resulting from hyperglycemia. Therefore, advanced materials for repairing wound beds must be identified urgently. This paper introduces a topically applicable composite hydrogel with thermosensitive properties and presents the antibacterial and antioxidant activities in mice with diabetes-induced wounds. This composite is developed by combining poly N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM)-copolymerized HEMIN (NIPAM-co-HEMIN) and amine-modified alginate (ALG-EDA) biomaterials, with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated into the system as an antibacterial agent. Results of antibacterial tests show that the p(NIPAM-co-HEMIN)/ALG-EDA/AgNP composite system is effective against E. coli and S. aureus. Additionally, the AgNP composite exhibits low cellular toxicity in NIH3T3 and CT-2A cell lines. The wounds in diabetic mice treated with the composite system healed in <12 days, and the composite system accelerated the healing process by increasing collagen synthesis. In conclusion, the biocomposite reported herein is highly promising for repairing diabetic skin wounds and treating infections caused by bacterial microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kefyalew Dagnew Addisu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Hailemichael Tegenu Gebrie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tsung-Yun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhen-Xiang Hong
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advance Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
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Pterostilbene attenuates hemin-induced dysregulation of macrophage M2 polarization via Nrf2 activation in experimental hyperglycemia. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01134-y. [PMID: 36662400 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit a high degree of plasticity that is physiologically relevant in wound healing, and disruption in normal macrophage response leads to delayed wound closure resulting in chronic wounds. Here, we attempt to discern macrophage responses to hemin via regulation of the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that could help us better understand the pathophysiology of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). We demonstrate the alleviation of hemin-mediated Nrf2 suppression and M2 macrophage polarization by pterostilbene (PTS), a proven Nrf2 activator. IC-21 macrophages were treated with hemin under the normoglycemic or hyperglycemic environment with or without PTS and the expression levels of various markers, such as Nrf2 and its downstream target Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), CD206, Ferroportin-1 among others were analyzed using qPCR and Western blot. Our results revealed that hemin under hyperglycemia reduced Nrf2 activation and its downstream targets, M2 polarization, and the induction of a proinflammatory cellular environment, and interestingly all of these were remedied by PTS treatment. Gelatin zymography of matrix metalloproteinase2 (MMP2) expression revealed that hemin under hyperglycemic condition significantly elevated MMP2 expression, which was reversed by PTS treatment. Further proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed a heightened cellular stress profile accompanying inflammation that was suppressed by PTS. This study has furthered our understanding on the role of Nrf2 in attenuating hemin-induced perturbations in macrophage responses and suggests a potential therapeutic target in the management of DFU.
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Leal EC, Carvalho E. Heme Oxygenase-1 as Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912043. [PMID: 36233341 PMCID: PMC9569859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the major complications of diabetes. Wound healing under diabetic conditions is often impaired. This is in part due to the excessive oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation, immune cell dysfunction, delayed re-epithelialization, and decreased angiogenesis present at the wound site. As a result of these multifactorial impaired healing pathways, it has been difficult to develop effective therapeutic strategies for DFU. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation generating carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV) which is converted into bilirubin (BR), and iron. HO-1 is a potent antioxidant. It can act as an anti-inflammatory, proliferative, angiogenic and cytoprotective enzyme. Due to its biological functions, HO-1 plays a very important role in wound healing, in part mediated through the biologically active end products generated by its enzymatic activity, particularly CO, BV, and BR. Therapeutic strategies involving the activation of HO-1, or the topical application of its biologically active end products are important in diabetic wound healing. Therefore, HO-1 is an attractive therapeutic target for DFU treatment. This review will provide an overview and discussion of the importance of HO-1 as a therapeutic target for diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermelindo Carreira Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.C.L.); (E.C.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (E.C.L. & E.C.)
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.C.L.); (E.C.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (E.C.L. & E.C.)
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13
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Humar R, Schaer DJ, Vallelian F. Erythrophagocytes in hemolytic anemia, wound healing, and cancer. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:906-915. [PMID: 36096988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hemolysis is a ubiquitous pathology defined as premature red blood cell destruction within the circulation or local tissues. One of the most archetypal functions of macrophages is phagocytosis of damaged or extravasated red blood cells, preventing the extracellular release of toxic hemoglobin and heme. Upon erythrophagocytosis, spiking intracellular heme concentrations drive macrophage transformation into erythrophagocytes, leveraging antioxidative and iron recycling capacities to defend against hemolytic stress. This unique phenotype transformation is coordinated by a regulatory network comprising the transcription factors BACH1, SPI-C, NRF2, and ATF1. Erythrophagocytes negatively regulate inflammation and immunity and may modulate disease-specific outcomes in hemolytic anemia, wound healing, atherosclerosis, and cancer. In this opinion article, we outline the known and presumed functions of erythrophagocytes and their implications for therapeutic innovation and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok Humar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik J Schaer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Polaka S, Katare P, Pawar B, Vasdev N, Gupta T, Rajpoot K, Sengupta P, Tekade RK. Emerging ROS-Modulating Technologies for Augmentation of the Wound Healing Process. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30657-30672. [PMID: 36092613 PMCID: PMC9453976 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered a double-edged sword. The slightly elevated level of ROS helps in wound healing by inhibiting microbial infection. In contrast, excessive ROS levels in the wound site show deleterious effects on wound healing by extending the inflammation phase. Understanding the ROS-mediated molecular and biomolecular mechanisms and their effect on cellular homeostasis and inflammation thus substantially improves the possibility of exogenously augmenting and manipulating wound healing with the emerging antioxidant therapeutics. This review comprehensively delves into the relationship between ROS and critical phases of wound healing and the processes underpinning antioxidant therapies. The manuscript also discusses cutting-edge antioxidant therapeutics that act via ROS scavenging to enhance chronic wound healing.
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15
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High Glucose Induces Late Differentiation and Death of Human Oral Keratinocytes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4015-4027. [PMID: 36135187 PMCID: PMC9498150 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are essential cells for wound repair. Impaired oral wound healing is common in diabetic patients with periodontal disease. High glucose, or hyperglycemia, impairs the cellular function of different cell types. However, it is unknown whether high glucose has a detrimental effect on the functions of oral keratinocytes. In the current study, a human gingival keratinocyte cell line, telomerase immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGK), was treated with high glucose (24 and 48 mM) for up to 120 h. Proliferation, migration, cell viability, and production of markers of differentiation, growth factors and enzymatic antioxidants were assessed after high glucose treatment. The results showed that high glucose significantly inhibited TIGK proliferation and migration. High glucose also induced significant cell death through apoptosis and necrosis as determined by flow cytometry, especially at 120 h after high glucose treatment. Necrosis was the dominant form of cell death induced. Real-time PCR showed that high glucose treatment upregulated mRNA expression of late keratinocyte differentiation makers, such as keratin 1, 10, 13 and loricrin, and downregulated enzymatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2 -related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1. In conclusion, high glucose impairs the proliferation and migration of oral keratinocytes and likely induces cell death through the promotion of late cell differentiation and down-regulation of enzymatic antioxidants.
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16
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Abernethie AJ, Gastaldello A, Maltese G, Morgan RA, McInnes KJ, Small GR, Walker BR, Livingstone DE, Hadoke PW, Andrew R. Comparison of mechanisms of angiostasis caused by the anti-inflammatory steroid 5α-tetrahydrocorticosterone versus conventional glucocorticoids. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 929:175111. [PMID: 35738450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone (5αTHB) is an effective topical anti-inflammatory agent in mouse, with less propensity to cause skin thinning and impede new blood vessel growth compared with corticosterone. Its anti-inflammatory effects were not prevented by RU38486, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, suggesting alternative mechanisms. The hypothesis that 5αTHB directly inhibits angiogenesis to a lesser extent than hydrocortisone was tested, focussing on glucocorticoid receptor mediated actions. New vessel growth from aortae from C57BL/6 male mice was monitored in culture, in the presence of 5αTHB, hydrocortisone (mixed glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid receptor agonist) or the selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone. Transcript profiles were studied, as was the role of the glucocorticoid receptor, using the antagonist, RU38486. Ex vivo, 5αTHB suppressed vessel growth from aortic rings, but was less potent than hydrocortisone (EC50 2512 nM 5αTHB, versus 762 nM hydrocortisone). In contrast to conventional glucocorticoids, 5αTHB did not alter expression of genes related to extracellular matrix integrity or inflammatory signalling, but caused a small increase in Per1 transcript, and decreased transcript abundance of Pecam1 gene. RU38486 did not antagonise the residual effects of 5αTHB to suppress vessel growth or regulate gene expression, but modified effects of dexamethasone. 5αTHB did not alter expression of glucocorticoid-regulated genes Fkbp51 and Hsd11b1, unlike hydrocortisone and dexamethasone. In conclusion, compared with hydrocortisone, 5αTHB exhibits limited suppression of angiogenesis, at least directly in blood vessels and probably independent of the glucocorticoid receptor. Discriminating the mechanisms employed by 5αTHB may provide the basis for the development of novel safer anti-inflammatory drugs for topical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber J Abernethie
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Annalisa Gastaldello
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Giorgia Maltese
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ruth A Morgan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kerry J McInnes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gary R Small
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, King's Gate, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Dawn Ew Livingstone
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Patrick Wf Hadoke
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ruth Andrew
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Feng J, Wang J, Wang Y, Huang X, Shao T, Deng X, Cao Y, Zhou M, Zhao C. Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation: Prospective Associations Between Ferroptosis and Delayed Wound Healing in Diabetic Ulcers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:898657. [PMID: 35874833 PMCID: PMC9304626 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.898657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic ulcers are one of the major complications of diabetes, and patients usually suffer from amputation and death due to delayed ulcer wound healing. Persistent inflammation and oxidative stress at the wound site are the main manifestations of delayed wound healing in diabetic ulcers. In addition, chronic hyperglycemia in patients can lead to circulatory accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and impaired iron metabolism pathways leading to the presence of multiple free irons in plasma. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, is characterized by intracellular iron overload and accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. These indicate that ferroptosis is one of the potential mechanisms of delayed wound healing in diabetic ulcers and will hopefully be a novel therapeutic target for delayed wound healing in diabetic patients. This review explored the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcer wound healing, reveals that oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are common pathological mechanisms of ferroptosis and delayed wound healing in diabetic ulcers. Based on strong evidence, it is speculated that ferroptosis and diabetic ulcers are closely related, and have value of in-depth research. We attempted to clarify prospective associations between ferroptosis and diabetic ulcers in terms of GPX4, iron overload, ferroptosis inhibitors, AGEs, and HO-1, to provide new ideas for exploring the clinical treatment of diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Feng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengteng Shao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Deng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yemin Cao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingmei Zhou, ; Cheng Zhao,
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingmei Zhou, ; Cheng Zhao,
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18
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V Ganesh G, Ganesan K, Xu B, Ramkumar KM. Nrf2 driven macrophage responses in diverse pathophysiological contexts: Disparate pieces from a shared molecular puzzle. Biofactors 2022; 48:795-812. [PMID: 35618963 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The wide anatomical distribution of macrophages and their vast array of functions match various polarization states and their involvement in homeostasis and disease. The confluence of different cellular signaling networks, including direct involvement in inflammation, at the doorstep of the transcription factor Nuclear Factor- erythroid (NF-E2) p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation raises the importance of deciphering the molecular circuitry at the background of multiple-discrete and antagonistic yet flexible and contextual pathways. While we primarily focus on wound healing and repair mechanisms that are affected in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), we strive to explore the striking similarities and differences in molecular events including inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis during tissue injury and wound persistence that accumulates pro-inflammatory senescent macrophages, as a means to identify possible targets or cellular mediators to lessen DFU disease burden. In addition, the role of iron in the modulation of Nrf2 response in macrophages is crucial and reviewed here. Targeted approaches, unlike conventional treatments, in DFU management will require the review and re-assessment of mediators with relevance to other pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutham V Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Programme, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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19
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Topical application of sustained released-carbon monoxide promotes cutaneous wound healing in diabetic mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115016. [PMID: 35331735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Clinical incidences of pressure ulcers in the elderly and intractable skin ulcers in diabetic patients are increasing because of the aging population and an increase in the number of diabetic patients worldwide. Although various agents are used to treat pressure and skin ulcers, these ulcers are often refractory and deteriorate the patients' quality of life. Therefore, a novel therapeutic agent with a novel mechanism of action is required. Carbon monoxide (CO) contributes to many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including anti-inflammatory activity; therefore, it can be a therapeutic gaseous molecule. Recent studies have revealed that CO accelerates wound healing in gastrointestinal tract injuries. However, it remains unclear whether CO promotes cutaneous wound healing. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of topical application of a CO-containing solution and elucidate the underlying mechanism. A full-thickness skin wound generated on the back of diabetic mice was treated topically with CO or vehicle. Sustained release of CO was achieved using polyacrylic acid (PAA) as a thickener. The administration of CO-containing PAA aqueous solution resulted in a significant acceleration in wound recovery without elevating serum CO levels in association with increased angiogenesis and supported by elevated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in the wound granulomatous tissues. These data suggest that CO might represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
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20
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Li Q, Liang S, Lai Q, Shen L, Zhang Y, Guo R. Heme oxygenase-1 alleviates advanced glycation end product-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response and biological behavioral disorders in rat dermal fibroblasts. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1212. [PMID: 34584557 PMCID: PMC8422385 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in delaying the wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers. The present study investigated the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on oxidative stress, inflammatory insult and biological behaviors in rat dermal fibroblasts in the presence of AGEs. Rat dermal fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of AGEs (100 µg/ml), glucose (1.0 g/l or 4.5 g/l), hemin (5 µM) and chromium mesoporphyrin (CrMP; 20 µM). A bilirubin kit, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to measure the activity and mRNA and protein levels of HO-1, respectively. ELISA kits were used to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and the viability and collagen (hydroxyproline) secretion of fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured via flow cytometry. The scratch test was performed to evaluate cell migration. The results revealed that AGEs resulted in oxidative stress, inflammatory response and biological behavioral disorders in fibroblasts, while worsened functional disorders were caused by the combination of AGEs and high-glucose treatment. Hemin treatment induced sustained high HO-1 expression, decreased the levels of ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and cell apoptosis, and increased cellular collagen synthesis, viability, proliferation and migration, whereas CrMP abolished the effects of hemin. It was observed that high HO-1 expression reversed the AGE-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response and biological behavioral disorders in fibroblasts, but fibroblast function did not return to that observed under normal glucose levels. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that hemin treatment induced high HO-1 expression. HO-1 reduced the AGE-induced functional disorders in fibroblasts and may accelerate the healing of diabetic wounds by improving fibroblast biological behaviors and reducing the oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Li
- Department of VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Shangyan Liang
- Department of VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Qianwei Lai
- Department of VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Lishan Shen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ruomi Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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21
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Guan Y, Niu H, Liu Z, Dang Y, Shen J, Zayed M, Ma L, Guan J. Sustained oxygenation accelerates diabetic wound healing by promoting epithelialization and angiogenesis and decreasing inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0153. [PMID: 34452918 PMCID: PMC8397271 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic wounds are common complications for diabetic patients. Because chronic hypoxia prominently delays wound healing, sustained oxygenation to alleviate hypoxia is hypothesized to promote diabetic wound healing. However, sustained oxygenation cannot be achieved by current clinical approaches, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Here, we present a sustained oxygenation system consisting of oxygen-release microspheres and a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hydrogel. The hydrogel captures the naturally elevated ROS in diabetic wounds, which may be further elevated by the oxygen released from the administered microspheres. The sustained release of oxygen augmented the survival and migration of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, promoted angiogenic growth factor expression and angiogenesis in diabetic wounds, and decreased the proinflammatory cytokine expression. These effects significantly increased the wound closure rate. Our findings demonstrate that sustained oxygenation alone, without using drugs, can heal diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Zhongting Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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22
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Zhang W, Chen L, Xiong Y, Panayi AC, Abududilibaier A, Hu Y, Yu C, Zhou W, Sun Y, Liu M, Xue H, Hu L, Yan C, Xie X, Lin Z, Cao F, Mi B, Liu G. Antioxidant Therapy and Antioxidant-Related Bionanomaterials in Diabetic Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:707479. [PMID: 34249895 PMCID: PMC8264455 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.707479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcers are a lower-extremity complication of diabetes with high recurrence rates. Oxidative stress has been identified as a key factor in impaired diabetic wound healing. Hyperglycemia induces an accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end products, activation of intracellular metabolic pathways, such as the polyol pathway, and PKC signaling leading to suppression of antioxidant enzymes and compounds. Excessive and uncontrolled oxidative stress impairs the function of cells involved in the wound healing process, resulting in chronic non-healing wounds. Given the central role of oxidative stress in the pathology of diabetic ulcers, we performed a comprehensive review on the mechanism of oxidative stress in diabetic wound healing, focusing on the progress of antioxidant therapeutics. We summarize the antioxidant therapies proposed in the past 5 years for use in diabetic wound healing, including Nrf2- and NFκB-pathway-related antioxidant therapy, vitamins, enzymes, hormones, medicinal plants, and biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Abudula Abududilibaier
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenyan Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengfei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuedong Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Faqi Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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Sun LJ, Qiao W, Xiao YJ, Ren WD. Layer-specific strain for assessing the effect of naringin on systolic myocardial dysfunction induced by sepsis and its underlying mechanisms. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520986369. [PMID: 33445988 PMCID: PMC7812414 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520986369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of naringin on myocardial deformation and oxidative responses in rats with sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD). METHODS Global and segmental layer-specific longitudinal strain (LS) was assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography. Serum levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde were measured. The activity of cleaved caspase-3 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Protein expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured by western blotting. RESULTS Naringin inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced decrease in global and layer-specific LS of the left ventricle. Naringin also increased superoxide dismutase expression and decreased malondialdehyde, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and cleaved caspase-3 expression in rats with SIMD. Furthermore, naringin increased Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression levels, and decreased Keap1 protein expression levels in rats with SIMD. CONCLUSION Layer-specific LS analysis of myocardial function by speckle tracking echocardiography can reflect early changes in myocardial systolic function. Naringin may possess a protective effect through moderating lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial oxidative stress via the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats with SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Jie Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Song M, Chen L, Zhang L, Li C, Coffie JW, Fang Z, Zhang L, Wang S, Gao X, Wang H. Cryptotanshinone enhances wound healing in type 2 diabetes with modulatory effects on inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodelling. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:845-853. [PMID: 32870741 PMCID: PMC8641666 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1803369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cryptotanshinone (CT) is a diterpene quinone compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Labiatae has been widely used in cardio-cerebral vascular diseases, which could be potentially effective in treating diabetic wounds. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the wound healing activity of CT by employing an excisional wound splinting model in db/db mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wounds were induced at the dorsum of non-diabetic (db/+) and diabetic (db/db) mice and treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) or 300 mg/kg/d CT for 16 days. Wound closure was measured every two days. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, re-epithelialization, granulation, leukocyte infiltration, capillary density, collagen deposition and expressions of CXCL1, CXCL2, VEGF, Ang-1, p-eNOS, eNOS, α-SMA, MMP2 and MMP9 were analysed. Expression of VEGF and tube formation was measured in vitro with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS CT significantly accelerated rate of wound closure, as the contraction ratio increased from 68% (non-treated group) to 83% (CT-treated group) at days 16 post-injury. A significant increase was observed in re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation. Mechanistically, CT suppressed leukocyte infiltration and CXCL1 and CXCL2 expression. CT treatment also increased blood vessel density and expression level of VEGF, Ang-1 and p-eNOS. In vitro, CT boosted expression of VEGF and tube formation of endothelial cells. Moreover, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling was enhanced by CT via promoting fibroblast transformation and inhibiting MMP2 and MMP9. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that CT could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lusha Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Joel Wake Coffie
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhirui Fang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxia Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- CONTACT Hong Wang , School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Rd., West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai Dist., Tianjin301617, China
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Duvigneau JC, Esterbauer H, Kozlov AV. Role of Heme Oxygenase as a Modulator of Heme-Mediated Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100475. [PMID: 31614577 PMCID: PMC6827082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system is essential for heme and iron homeostasis and necessary for adaptation to cell stress. HO degrades heme to biliverdin (BV), carbon monoxide (CO) and ferrous iron. Although mostly beneficial, the HO reaction can also produce deleterious effects, predominantly attributed to excessive product formation. Underrated so far is, however, that HO may exert effects additionally via modulation of the cellular heme levels. Heme, besides being an often-quoted generator of oxidative stress, plays also an important role as a signaling molecule. Heme controls the anti-oxidative defense, circadian rhythms, activity of ion channels, glucose utilization, erythropoiesis, and macrophage function. This broad spectrum of effects depends on its interaction with proteins ranging from transcription factors to enzymes. In degrading heme, HO has the potential to exert effects also via modulation of heme-mediated pathways. In this review, we will discuss the multitude of pathways regulated by heme to enlarge the view on HO and its role in cell physiology. We will further highlight the contribution of HO to pathophysiology, which results from a dysregulated balance between heme and the degradation products formed by HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catharina Duvigneau
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrey V Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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Wang QH, Li W, Jiang YX, Lu XH, Wang GG. The extract from Agkistrodon halys venom protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:176. [PMID: 31315617 PMCID: PMC6637617 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snake venoms contain various bioactive constituents which possess potential therapeutic effects. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the extract from Agkistrodon halys venom on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (10 rats per group): control group, LPS group and LPS + extract group. Rats in control and the LPS groups were intravenously injected with sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS + extract group with the extract. After 2 h, rats of the control group were intraperitoneally injected sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS and the LPS + extract groups were treated with LPS (20 mg per kg body weight). Levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were determined. Anti-inflammation of the extract was analyzed via determination of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum, and expression of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and p-ERK protein in hearts. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and p-NF-κB protein expression in hearts, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum were used to evaluate the anti-oxidative properties of the extract. RESULTS Extract pretreatment significantly decreased the level of serum CK and LDH, reduced the generation of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and also reduced serum level of MDA in the LPS + extract group compared with the LPS group. In addition, the extract increased SOD activity in serum, HO-1 protein expression in hearts, and decreased TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, p-NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 protein expression. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that beneficial effect of this extract might be associated with an improved anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effect via downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2 signaling by activating HO-1/CO in hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Hai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Guo-Guang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Kumar D, Jena GR, Ram M, Lingaraju MC, Singh V, Prasad R, Kumawat S, Kant V, Gupta P, Tandan SK, Kumar D. Hemin attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation to improve wound healing in diabetic rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1435-1445. [PMID: 31273394 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and persistent inflammation play crucial role in the progression of diabetic wound complications. Hemeoxgenase-1 (HO-1) by degrading hemin has been shown to display anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Further, hemin is a potent HO-1 inducer. Thus, the current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of topical application of hemin on diabetic wound in rats. Four hundred square millimeter open excision wound were created 2 weeks after induction of diabetes with single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), and the diabetic rats were divided into three groups namely diabetic control, hemin, and tin protoporphyrin (SnPPIX). Ointment base, hemin (0.5% in ointment base), and SnPPIX (0.5% in ointment base) were applied topically to wounded area in diabetic control, hemin, and SnPPIX group rats, respectively, twice daily for 19 days. Hemin significantly increased the wound contraction in comparison to control and SnPPIX-treated rats. Time-dependent analysis revealed significant increase in anti-oxidants with concomitant decrease in oxidants in hemin-treated rats as compared to diabetic control rats. Further, mRNA expression decreased for inflammatory cytokine and increased for anti-inflammatory cytokine in hemin group as compared to diabetic control rats. Expression of HO-1 also increased in hemin group as compared to diabetic control rats. However, SnPPIX group results were in disagreement with results of hemin which is clearly reflected in histopathology. Results indicate the ability of hemin to accelerate wound healing in diabetic rats by combating inflammation and oxidative stress probably via HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India.
| | - Geeta Rani Jena
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Mahendra Ram
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | | | - Vishakha Singh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Raju Prasad
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Sanjay Kumawat
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Vinay Kant
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Tandan
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
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Park JY, Shin MS, Hwang GS, Yamabe N, Yoo JE, Kang KS, Kim JC, Lee JG, Ham J, Lee HL. Beneficial Effects of Deoxyshikonin on Delayed Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113660. [PMID: 30463303 PMCID: PMC6274849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiunko ointment is composed of five ingredients including Lithospermi Radix (LR), Angelicae Gigantis Radix, sesame seed oil, beeswax, and swine oil. It is externally applied as a treatment for a wide range of skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, hair loss, burns, topical wounds, and atopic dermatitis. Deoxyshikonin is the major angiogenic compound extracted from LR. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of LR extract and deoxyshikonin on impaired wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Treatment with LR extract elevated tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and exerted antioxidant activity. An open skin wound was produced on the backs of diabetic mice and was then topically treated with deoxyshikonin or vehicle. In addition, deoxyshikonin promoted tube formation in high glucose conditions exposed to HUVECs, and which may be regulated by increased VEGFR2 expression and phosphorylation of Akt and p38. Our results demonstrate that deoxyshikonin application promoted wound repair in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Collectively, these data suggest that deoxyshikonin is an active ingredient of LR, thereby contributing to wound healing in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea.
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Department of Gynecology, School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 302-869, Korea.
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 25451, Korea.
| | - Jeong Gun Lee
- BIO Research and Development Team, S-Skin, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Jungyeob Ham
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 25451, Korea.
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
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Krzyszczyk P, Schloss R, Palmer A, Berthiaume F. The Role of Macrophages in Acute and Chronic Wound Healing and Interventions to Promote Pro-wound Healing Phenotypes. Front Physiol 2018; 9:419. [PMID: 29765329 PMCID: PMC5938667 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 756] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play key roles in all phases of adult wound healing, which are inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. As wounds heal, the local macrophage population transitions from predominantly pro-inflammatory (M1-like phenotypes) to anti-inflammatory (M2-like phenotypes). Non-healing chronic wounds, such as pressure, arterial, venous, and diabetic ulcers indefinitely remain in inflammation—the first stage of wound healing. Thus, local macrophages retain pro-inflammatory characteristics. This review discusses the physiology of monocytes and macrophages in acute wound healing and the different phenotypes described in the literature for both in vitro and in vivo models. We also discuss aberrations that occur in macrophage populations in chronic wounds, and attempts to restore macrophage function by therapeutic approaches. These include endogenous M1 attenuation, exogenous M2 supplementation and endogenous macrophage modulation/M2 promotion via mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, biomaterials, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, and oxygen therapy. We recognize the challenges and controversies that exist in this field, such as standardization of macrophage phenotype nomenclature, definition of their distinct roles and understanding which phenotype is optimal in order to promote healing in chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Krzyszczyk
- Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Rene Schloss
- Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Andre Palmer
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - François Berthiaume
- Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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Dai J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen H, Chai Y. ROS-activated NLRP3 inflammasome initiates inflammation in delayed wound healing in diabetic rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9902-9909. [PMID: 31966879 PMCID: PMC6965894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammasome formation in the development of diabetic rat wound inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ, and a skin wound (2×2 cm2) was produced on the back. Diabetic animals were treated with NAC and Bay 11-7082 to block ROS and the NLRP3 inflammasome, respectively. Total mRNA and protein were isolated from wound tissue and subjected to real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analyses and ELISA. We also assessed the rate of wound closure and time to wound healing. RESULTS During healing, the diabetic rat exhibited increased ROS production, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion. NAC was responsible for the inhibition of ROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in diabetic rat wounds. We also found that blocking ROS generation improved the impaired healing pattern in diabetic rats and decreased the time for complete skin healing. CONCLUSION These data suggest that excessive ROS production contributes to activating NLRP3-IL-1β pathway events and impairs wound healing in a diabetic rat wound model.
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Liu Y, Li F, Zhang L, Wu J, Wang Y, Yu H. Taurine alleviates lipopolysaccharide‑induced liver injury by anti‑inflammation and antioxidants in rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6512-6517. [PMID: 28901400 PMCID: PMC5865819 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of taurine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury and its mechanisms. Male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Normal saline, LPS model and taurine treatment. Experimental animals were treated with saline or taurine (dissolved in saline, 200 mg/kg/day) via intravenous injection. After 2 h, saline or LPS (0.5 mg/kg) was administrated via intraperitoneal injection. Markers of liver injury, pro-inflammatory cytokines and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in plasma. Liver tissues were removed for morphological analysis and determination by western blot analysis. Taurine significantly reduced the elevation in the levels of LPS-induced aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase and decreased the concentrations of LPS-induced inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Taurine also increased the activity of SOD in serum and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 protein in liver tissue. Taurine pretreatment also reduced the elevated expression levels of LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor κB and extracellular regulated protein kinase. The results from the present study demonstrated that taurine alleviates LPS-induced liver injury. The beneficial role of taurine may be associated with its reduction of pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Clinical Medicine, West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, Anhui 237005, P.R. China
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Effects of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression and Cutaneous Wound Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020438. [PMID: 28218659 PMCID: PMC5343972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds may lead to scar formation and impaired functionality. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can induce the anti-inflammatory enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protect against tissue injury. We aim to improve cutaneous wound repair by RIPC treatment via induction of HO-1. RIPC was applied to HO-1-luc transgenic mice and HO-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression in skin and several other organs were determined in real-time. In parallel, RIPC was applied directly or 24h prior to excisional wounding in mice to investigate the early and late protective effects of RIPC on cutaneous wound repair, respectively. HO-1 promoter activity was significantly induced on the dorsal side and locally in the kidneys following RIPC treatment. Next, we investigated the origin of this RIPC-induced HO-1 promoter activity and demonstrated increased mRNA in the ligated muscle, heart and kidneys, but not in the skin. RIPC did not change HO-1 mRNA and protein levels in the wound 7 days after cutaneous injury. Both early and late RIPC did not accelerate wound closure nor affect collagen deposition. RIPC induces HO-1 expression in several organs, but not the skin, and did not improve excisional wound repair, suggesting that the skin is insensitive to RIPC-mediated protection.
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Cytoprotective effects of mild plasma-activated medium against oxidative stress in human skin fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42208. [PMID: 28169359 PMCID: PMC5294635 DOI: 10.1038/srep42208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) has recently been applied to living cells and tissues and has emerged as a novel technology for medical applications. NTAPP affects cells not only directly, but also indirectly with previously prepared plasma-activated medium (PAM). The objective of this study was to demonstrate the preconditioning effects of “mild PAM” which was prepared under relatively mild conditions, on fibroblasts against cellular injury generated by a high dose of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We observed the preconditioning effects of mild PAM containing approximately 50 μM H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide needs to be the main active species in mild PAM for it to exert preconditioning effects because the addition of catalase to mild PAM eliminated these effects. The nuclear translocation and recruitment of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to antioxidant response elements (ARE) in heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) promoters and the up-regulation of HO-1 were detected in fibroblasts treated with mild PAM. The addition of ZnPP, a HO-1-specific inhibitor, or the knockdown of Nrf2 completely abrogated the preconditioning effects. Our results demonstrate that mild PAM protects fibroblasts from oxidative stress by up-regulating HO-1, and the H2O2-induced activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway needs to be involved in this reaction.
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