1
|
Kanniyappan H, Sundaram MK, Ravikumar A, Chakraborty S, Gnanamani A, Mani U, Kumar N, Muthuvijayan V. Enhancing bone repair through improved angiogenesis and osteogenesis using mesoporous silica nanoparticle-loaded Konjac glucomannan-based interpenetrating network scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135182. [PMID: 39216566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
We have fabricated and characterized novel bioactive nanocomposite interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) scaffolds to treat bone defects by loading mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) into blends of Konjac glucomannan, polyvinyl alcohol, and polycaprolactone. By loading MSNs, we developed a porous nanocomposite scaffold with mechanical strengths comparable to cancellous bone. In vitro cell culture studies proved the cytocompatibility of the nanocomposite scaffolds. RT-PCR studies confirmed that these scaffolds significantly upregulated major osteogenic markers. The in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay confirmed the proangiogenic activity of the nanocomposite IPN scaffolds. In vivo studies were performed using Wistar rats to evaluate the scaffolds' compatibility, osteogenic activity, and proangiogenic properties. Liver and renal function tests confirmed that these scaffolds were nontoxic. X-ray and μ-CT results show that the bone defects treated with the nanocomposite scaffolds healed at a much faster rate compared to the untreated control and those treated with IPN scaffolds. H&E and Masson's trichrome staining showed angiogenesis near the newly formed bone and the presence of early-stage connective tissues, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts in the defect region at 8 weeks after surgery. Hence, these advantageous physicochemical and biological properties confirm that the nanocomposite IPN scaffolds are ideal for treating bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemalatha Kanniyappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Akhil Ravikumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - A Gnanamani
- Microbiology Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India
| | - U Mani
- Animal House, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Vignesh Muthuvijayan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tavakoli Z, Ansari M, Poursamar SA, Rafienia M, Eslami H, Zare F, Shirani S, Alizadeh MH. Synergetic effect of bioglass and nano montmorillonite on 3D printed nanocomposite of polycaprolactone/gelatin in the fabrication of bone scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:136384. [PMID: 39383920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, bone injuries and disorders have increased all over the world and can reduce the quality of human life. Bone tissue engineering repair approaches require new biomaterials and methods to construct scaffolds with the required structural properties as well as improved performance. As potential therapeutic strategies in bone tissue engineering, 3D printed scaffolds have been developed. Polycaprolactone/Ceramic composites have attracted considerable attention due to their cytocompatibility, biodegradability, and physical properties. In this study, a 3D printing process was used to create polycaprolactone (PCL)-Gelatin (GEL) scaffolds containing varying concentrations of Bioglass (BG) and Nano Montmorillonite (MMT). This mixture was then loaded into a 3D printer, and the scaffolds were printed layer by layer. After constructing the scaffolds, they were then examined for their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Surface appearance was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), which revealed that NC increased the diameter of pores from 465 to 480 μm. The elements in the scaffolds were evaluated by EDX analysis, and a uniform dispersion of nano montmorillonite particles was observed. The compressive strength reached 76.43 MPa for PCL/G/35 %MMT/15 %BG scaffold. Also, the rate of water absorption, biodegradability and bioactivity of PCL-GEL scaffolds increased significantly in the presence of NC. According to the MTT cell test results, adding BG and NC increased cell proliferation, adhesion and cell viability to 127.7 %. These findings indicated that the 3D printed PCL/G/35 %MMT/15 %BG scaffold has promising strategies for bone repair applications. Also, polynomial curve fitting shows that scaffold degradability after soaking in PBS can be predicted using the initial weight and soaking time. Adding more variables and data could improve prediction accuracy, reducing the need for experiments and conserving resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakoli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Poursamar
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Eslami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zare
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shahin Shirani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Mello Innocentini M, Fuzatto Bueno BR, Urbaś A, Morawska-Chochół A. Microstructural, Fluid Dynamic, and Mechanical Characterization of Zinc Oxide and Magnesium Chloride-Modified Hydrogel Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4791-4801. [PMID: 39012256 PMCID: PMC11322906 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Scaffolds for the filling and regeneration of osteochondral defects are a current challenge in the biomaterials field, and solutions with greater functionality are still being sought. The novel approach of this work was to obtain scaffolds with biologically active additives possessing microstructural, permeability, and mechanical properties, mimicking the complexity of natural cartilage. Four types of scaffolds with a gelatin/alginate matrix modified with hydroxyapatite were obtained, and the relationship between the modifiers and substrate properties was evaluated. They differed in the type of second modifier used, which was hydrated MgCl2 in two proportions, ZnO, and nanohydroxyapatite. The samples were obtained by freeze-drying by using two-stage freezing. Based on microstructural observations combined with X-ray microanalysis, the microstructure of the samples and the elemental content were assessed. Permeability and mechanical tests were also performed. The scaffolds exhibited a network of interconnected pores and complex microarchitecture, with lower porosity at the surface (15 ± 7 to 29 ± 6%) and higher porosity at the center (67 ± 8 to 75 ± 8%). The additives had varying effects on the pore sizes and permeabilities of the samples. ZnO yielded the most permeable scaffolds (5.92 × 10-11 m2), whereas nanohydroxyapatite yielded the scaffold with the lowest permeability (1.18 × 10-11 m2), values within the range reported for trabecular bone. The magnesium content had no statistically significant effect on the permeability. The best mechanical parameters were obtained for ZnO samples and those containing hydrated MgCl2. The scaffold's properties meet the criteria for filling osteochondral defects. The developed scaffolds follow a biomimetic approach in terms of hierarchical microarchitecture and mechanical parameters as well as chemical composition. The obtained composite materials have the potential as biomimetic scaffolds for the regeneration of osteochondral defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo
Daniel de Mello Innocentini
- Course
of Chemical Engineering, University of Ribeirão
Preto, Avenida Costabile Romano 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department
of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Centre for Regenerative Design
and Engineering for a Net Positive World (RENEW), University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Bruno Ribeiro Fuzatto Bueno
- Course
of Chemical Engineering, University of Ribeirão
Preto, Avenida Costabile Romano 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Agnieszka Urbaś
- Faculty
of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical
Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Morawska-Chochół
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Biomaterials and
Composites, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mîrț AL, Ficai D, Oprea OC, Vasilievici G, Ficai A. Current and Future Perspectives of Bioactive Glasses as Injectable Material. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1196. [PMID: 39057873 PMCID: PMC11280465 DOI: 10.3390/nano14141196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This review covers recent compositions of bioactive glass, with a specific emphasis on both inorganic and organic materials commonly utilized as matrices for injectable materials. The major objective is to highlight the predominant bioactive glass formulations and their clinical applications in the biomedical field. Previous studies have highlighted the growing interest among researchers in bioactive glasses, acknowledging their potential to yield promising outcomes in this field. As a result of this increased interest, investigations into bioactive glass have prompted the creation of composite materials and, notably, the development of injectable composites as a minimally invasive method for administering the material within the human body. Injectable materials have emerged as a promising avenue to mitigate various challenges. They offer several advantages, including minimizing invasive surgical procedures, reducing patient discomfort, lowering the risk of postoperative infection and decreasing treatment expenses. Additionally, injectable materials facilitate uniform distribution, allowing for the filling of defects of any shape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Luiza Mîrț
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1–7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.); (O.-C.O.)
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Denisa Ficai
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.); (O.-C.O.)
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1–7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.); (O.-C.O.)
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1–7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Vasilievici
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anton Ficai
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1–7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.); (O.-C.O.)
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khaledian S, Mohammadi G, Abdoli M, Fatahian A, Fatahian A, Fatahian R. Recent Advances in Implantable 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Repair of Spinal Cord Injury. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:331-345. [PMID: 39206398 PMCID: PMC11347741 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important factor in sensory and motor disorders that affects thousands of people every year. Currently, despite successes in basic science and clinical research, there are few effective methods in the treatment of chronic and acute spinal cord injuries. In the last decade, the use of 3D printed scaffolds in the treatment of SCI had satisfactory and promising results. By providing a microenvironment around the injury site and in combination with growth factors or cells, 3D printed scaffolds help in axon regeneration as well as neural recovery after SCI. Here, we provide an overview of tissue engineering, 3D printing scaffolds, the different polymers used and their characterization methods. This review highlights the recent encouraging applications of 3D printing scaffolds in developing the novel SCI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salar Khaledian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghobad Mohammadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohadese Abdoli
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Innovative Science and Technology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arad Fatahian
- School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arya Fatahian
- School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Fatahian
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anaya-Sampayo LM, García-Robayo DA, Roa NS, Rodriguez-Lorenzo LM, Martínez-Cardozo C. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) modified nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin/alginate scaffolds increase adhesion and viability of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and osteoblasts derived from DPSC. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133064. [PMID: 38866288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue regeneration strategies have incorporated the use of natural polymers, such as hydroxyapatite (nHA), chitosan (CH), gelatin (GEL), or alginate (ALG). Additionally, platelet concentrates, such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have been suggested to improve scaffold biocompatibility. This study aimed to develop scaffolds composed of nHA, GEL, and CH, with or without ALG and lyophilized PRF, to evaluate the scaffold's properties, growth factor release, and dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), and osteoblast (OB) derived from DPSC viability. Four scaffold variations were synthesized and lyophilized. Then, degradation, swelling profiles, and morphological analysis were performed. Furthermore, PDGF-BB and FGF-B growth factors release were quantified by ELISA, and cytotoxicity and cell viability were evaluated. The swelling and degradation profiles were similar in all scaffolds, with pore sizes ranging between 100 and 250 μm. FGF-B and PDGF-BB release was evidenced after 24 h of scaffold immersion in cell culture medium. DPSC and OB-DPSC viability was notably increased in PRF-supplemented scaffolds. The nHA-CH-GEL-PRF scaffold demonstrated optimal physical-biological characteristics for stimulating DPSC and OB-DPSC cell viability. These results suggest lyophilized PRF improves scaffold biocompatibility for bone tissue regeneration purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nelly S Roa
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis Maria Rodriguez-Lorenzo
- Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute Science and Technology of Polymers (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ranganathan P, Sugumaran V, Purushothaman B, Rajendran AR, Subramanian B. Rapidly derived equimolar Ca: P phasic bioactive glass infused flexible gelatin multi-functional scaffolds - A promising tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106264. [PMID: 38029463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to design and fabricate an ultra-easier multi-functional biomedical polymeric scaffold loaded with unique equimolar Ca:P phasic bioactive glass material (BG). Gelatin (G) - 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds were synthesized via a simple laboratory refrigerator with higher biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. The results proved that BG has enhanced bio-mineralization of the scaffolds and results support that the G: BG (1:2) ratio is the more appropriate composition. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) study confirms the higher surface area for pure Gelatin and G: BG (1:2). Scanning Electron Microscopic images display the precipitation of hydroxycarbonate apatite layer over the scaffolds on immersing it in simulated body fluid. Alkaline phosphate activity proved that G: BG (1:2) scaffold could induce mitogenesis in MG-63 osteoblast cells, thus helping in hard tissue regeneration. Sirius red collagen deposition showed that higher content bioactive glass incorporated Gelatin polymeric scaffold G: BG (1:2) could induce rapid collagen secretion of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell line that could help in soft tissue regeneration and earlier wound healing. The scaffolds were also tested for cell viability using NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell lines and MG 63 osteoblastic cell lines through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Thus, the study shows a scaffold of appropriate composition G: BG (1:2) can be a multifunctional material to regenerate hard and soft tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ranganathan
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India; Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Vijayakumari Sugumaran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Bargavi Purushothaman
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Vellapanchavadi, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ajay Rakkesh Rajendran
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balakumar Subramanian
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kazemi M, Mirzadeh M, Esmaeili H, Kazemi E, Rafienia M, Poursamar SA. Evaluation of the Morphological Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on the Rheological Properties and Printability of Hydroxyapatite/Polycaprolactone Nanocomposite Inks and Final Scaffold Features. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2024; 11:132-142. [PMID: 38389680 PMCID: PMC10880679 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study is focused on the importance of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) particle morphology with the same particle size range on the rheological behavior of polycaprolactone (PCL) composite ink with nHA as a promising candidate for additive manufacturing technologies. Two different physiologic-like nHA morphologies, that is, plate and rod shape, with particles size less than 100 nm were used. nHA powders were well characterized and the printing inks were prepared by adding the different ratios of nHA powders to 50% w/v of PCL solution (nHA/PCL: 35/65, 45/55, 55/45, and 65/35 w/w%). Subsequently, the influence of nHA particle morphology and concentration on the printability and rheological properties of composite inks was investigated. HA nanopowder analysis revealed significant differences in their microstructural properties, which affected remarkably the composite ink printability in several ways. For instance, adding up to 65% w/w of plate-like nHA to the PCL solution was possible, while nanorod HA could not be added above 45% w/w. The printed constructs were successfully fabricated using the extrusion-based printing method and had a porous structure with interconnected pores. Total porosity and surface area increased with nHA content due to the improved fiber stability following deposition of material ink. Consequently, degradation rate and bioactivity increased, while compressive properties decreased. While nanorod HA particles had a more significant impact on the mechanical strength than plate-like morphology, the latter showed less crystalline order, which makes them more bioactive than nanorod HA. It is therefore important to note that the nHA microstructure broadly affects the printability of printing ink and should be considered according to the intended biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansure Kazemi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mirzadeh
- Abtin Teb LLC, Research & Development Department, Pardis Technology Park, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Esmaeili
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elahe Kazemi
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Poursamar
- Abtin Teb LLC, Research & Development Department, Pardis Technology Park, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhushan S, Singh S, Maiti TK, Chaudhari LR, Joshi MG, Dutt D. Silver-doped hydroxyapatite laden chitosan-gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: an in-vitro and in-ovo evaluation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:206-227. [PMID: 37947007 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2279795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in bone tissue engineering, the majority of implant failures are caused due to microbial contamination. So, efforts are being made to develop biomaterial with antimicrobial property enhancing the regeneration of damaged bone tissue. In the present study, chitosan-gelatin (CG) scaffolds containing silver-doped hydroxyapatite (AgHAP) nanoparticles at 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% (w/v) were fabricated by lyophilization technique. The results confirmed the synthesis of AgHAP nanoparticles and showed interconnected porous structure of the nanocomposite scaffolds with 89%-75% porosity. Similarly, the swelling percentage, degradation behavior and compressive modulus of CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds were 1666%, 40% and 0.7 MPa, respectively. The developed nanocomposite scaffolds revealed better antimicrobial properties and bioactivity. The cell culture studies showed favorable viability of Wharton's jelly stem cells on CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds. CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) assay determined the angiogenic potential with better visualization of blood vessels in the CAM area. Hence, the obtained results confirmed that CG-AgHAP3 nanocomposite scaffold was the most suitable for bone tissue engineering applications among all scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakchi Bhushan
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Leena R Chaudhari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav AK, Tripathi H, Rajput S, Singh P, Dubey AK, Kumar K, Chawla R, Rath C. Drug kinetics and antimicrobial properties of quaternary bioactive glasses 81S(81SiO 2-(16-x)CaO-2P 2O 5-1Na 2O-xMgO); an in-vitro study. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213729. [PMID: 38101068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses have recently been attracted to meet the challenge in bone tissue regeneration, repair, healing, dental implants, etc. Among the conventional bio-glasses, a novel quaternary mesoporous nano bio-glass with composition 81S(81SiO2-(16-x)CaO-2P2O5-1Na2O-xMgO) (x = 0, 1.6, 2.4, 4 and 8 mol%) employing Stober's method has been explored for examining the above potential application through in-vitro SBF assay, MTT assay, antimicrobial activity and drug loading and release ability. With increasing the MgO concentration up to 4 mol%, from in-vitro SBF assay, we observe that HAp layer develops on the surface of the nBGs confirmed from XRD, FTIR and FESEM. MTT assay using MG-63 cells confirms the biocompatibility of the nBGs having cell viability >225 % for MGO_4 after 72 h which is more than the clinically used 45S5 bio-glass. We have observed cell viability of >125 % even after 168 h. Moreover, MGO_4 is found to restrict the growth of E. coli by 65 % while S. aureus by 75 %, confirming the antimicrobial activity. Despite an increase in the concentration of magnesium, nBGs are found to be non-toxic towards the RBCs up to 4 mol% of MgO while for 8 %, the hemolysis percentage is >6 % which is toxic. Being confirmed MGO_4 nBG as a bioactive material, various concentrations of drug (Dexamethasone (DEX)) loading and release kinetics are examined. We show that 80 % of loading in case of 10 mg-ml-1 and 70 % of cumulative release in 100 h. The mesoporous structure of MGO_4 having an average pore diameter of 5 nm and surface area of 216 m2 g-1 confirmed from BET supports the loading and release kinetics. We conclude that the quaternary MGO_4 nBG may be employed effectively for bone tissue regeneration due to its high biocompatibility, excellent in-vitro cell viability, antimicrobial response and protracted drug release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Himanshu Tripathi
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanjna Rajput
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Dubey
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Ruchi Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Chandana Rath
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
da Costa NMM, Parisi L, Ghezzi B, Elviri L, de Souza SLS, Novaes AB, de Oliveira PT, Macaluso GM, Palioto DB. Anti-Fibronectin Aptamer Modifies Blood Clot Pattern and Stimulates Osteogenesis: An Ex Vivo Study. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:582. [PMID: 38132522 PMCID: PMC10741424 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scaffold (SCA) functionalization with aptamers (APT) provides adsorption of specific bioactive molecules on biomaterial surfaces. The aim of this study was to observe if SCA enriched with anti-fibronectin APT can favor coagulum (PhC) and osteoblasts (OSB) differentiation. METHODS 20 μg of APT was functionalized on SCA by simple adsorption. For PhC formation, SCAs were inserted into rat calvaria defects for 17 h. Following proper transportation (buffer solution PB), OSBs (UMR-106 lineage) were seeded over PhC + SCAs with and without APT. Cells and PhC morphology, PhC cell population, protein labeling and gene expression were observed in different time points. RESULTS The APT induced higher alkaline phosphatase and bone sialoprotein immunolabeling in OSB. Mesenchymal stem cells, leukocytes and lymphocytes cells were detected more in the APT group than when scaffolds were not functionalized. Additionally, an enriched and dense fibrin network and different cell types were observed, with more OSB and white blood cells in PhC formed on SCA with APT. The gene expression showed higher transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1) detection in SCA with APT. CONCLUSIONS The SCA functionalization with fibronectin aptamers may alter key morphological and functional features of blood clot formation, and provides a selective expression of proteins related to osteo differentiation. Additionally, aptamers increase TGF-b1 gene expression, which is highly associated with improvements in regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Malu Miranda da Costa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café-Subsetor Oeste-11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (N.M.M.d.C.); (S.L.S.d.S.); (A.B.N.J.)
| | - Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Benedetta Ghezzi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Lisa Elviri
- Istituto dei Materiali per l’Elettronica ed il Magnetismo, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Parco Area Delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Sergio Luis Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café-Subsetor Oeste-11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (N.M.M.d.C.); (S.L.S.d.S.); (A.B.N.J.)
| | - Arthur Belém Novaes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café-Subsetor Oeste-11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (N.M.M.d.C.); (S.L.S.d.S.); (A.B.N.J.)
| | - Paulo Tambasco de Oliveira
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café-Subsetor Oeste-11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil;
| | - Guido Maria Macaluso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Daniela Bazan Palioto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café-Subsetor Oeste-11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; (N.M.M.d.C.); (S.L.S.d.S.); (A.B.N.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lekhavadhani S, Shanmugavadivu A, Selvamurugan N. Role and architectural significance of porous chitosan-based scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126238. [PMID: 37567529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In designing and fabricating scaffolds to fill the bone defects and stimulate new bone formation, the biomimetics of the construct is a crucial factor in invoking the bone microenvironment to promote osteogenic differentiation. Regarding structural traits, changes in porous characteristics of the scaffolds, such as pore size, pore morphology, and percentage porosity, may patronize or jeopardize their other physicochemical and biological properties. Chitosan (CS), a biodegradable naturally occurring polymer, has recently drawn considerable attention as a scaffolding material in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. CS-based microporous scaffolds have been reported to aid osteogenesis under both in vitro and in vivo conditions by supporting cellular attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells and the formation of mineralized bone matrix. This related notion may be found in numerous earlier research, even though the precise mechanism of action that encourages the development of new bone still needs to be understood completely. This article presents the potential correlations and the significance of the porous properties of the CS-based scaffolds to influence osteogenesis and angiogenesis during bone regeneration. This review also goes over resolving the mechanical limitations of CS by blending it with other polymers and ceramics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadhanan Lekhavadhani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abinaya Shanmugavadivu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tahri S, Maarof M, Masri S, Che Man R, Masmoudi H, Fauzi MB. Human epidermal keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts interactions seeded on gelatin hydrogel for future application in skin in vitro 3-dimensional model. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1200618. [PMID: 37425369 PMCID: PMC10326847 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1200618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plenty of biomaterials have been studied for their application in skin tissue engineering. Currently, gelatin-hydrogel is used to support three-dimensional (3D) skin in vitro models. However, mimicking the human body conditions and properties remains a challenge and gelatin-hydrogels have low mechanical properties and undergo rapid degradation rendering them not suitable for 3D in vitro cell culture. Nevertheless, changing the concentration of hydrogels could overcome this issue. Thus, we aim to investigate the potential of gelatin hydrogel with different concentrations crosslinked with genipin to promote human epidermal keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts culture to develop a 3D-in vitro skin model replacing animal models. Methods: Briefly, the composite gelatin hydrogels were fabricated using different concentrations as follows 3%, 5%, 8%, and 10% crosslinked with 0.1% genipin or non-crosslinked. Both physical and chemical properties were evaluated. Results and discussion: The crosslinked scaffolds showed better properties, including porosity and hydrophilicity, and genipin was found to enhance the physical properties. Furthermore, no alteration was prominent in both formulations of CL_GEL 5% and CL_GEL8% after genipin modification. The biocompatibility assays showed that all groups promoted cell attachment, cell viability, and cell migration except for the CL_GEL10% group. The CL_GEL5% and CL_GEL8% groups were selected to develop a bi-layer 3D-in vitro skin model. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) were performed on day 7, 14, and 21 to evaluate the reepithelization of the skin constructs. However, despite satisfactory biocompatibility properties, neither of the selected formulations, CL_GEL 5% and CL_GEL 8%, proved adequate for creating a bi-layer 3D in-vitro skin model. While this study provides valuable insights into the potential of gelatin hydrogels, further research is needed to address the challenges associated with their use in developing 3D skin models for testing and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Tahri
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Research Laboratory LR12SP18 “Autoimmunity, Cancer, and Immunogenetics”, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syafira Masri
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohaina Che Man
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hatem Masmoudi
- Research Laboratory LR12SP18 “Autoimmunity, Cancer, and Immunogenetics”, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Agnes CJ, Karoichan A, Tabrizian M. The Diamond Concept Enigma: Recent Trends of Its Implementation in Cross-linked Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37310896 PMCID: PMC10354806 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of publications over the past ten years have focused on the development of chitosan-based cross-linked scaffolds to regenerate bone tissue. The design of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications relies heavily on the ideals set forth by a polytherapy approach called the "Diamond Concept". This methodology takes into consideration the mechanical environment, scaffold properties, osteogenic and angiogenic potential of cells, and benefits of osteoinductive mediator encapsulation. The following review presents a comprehensive summarization of recent trends in chitosan-based cross-linked scaffold development within the scope of the Diamond Concept, particularly for nonload-bearing bone repair. A standardized methodology for material characterization, along with assessment of in vitro and in vivo potential for bone regeneration, is presented based on approaches in the literature, and future directions of the field are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celine J Agnes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Shriner's Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec H4A 0A9 Canada
| | - Antoine Karoichan
- Shriner's Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec H4A 0A9 Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1 Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Esmaeilzadeh J, Borhan S, Haghbin M, Khorsand Zak A. Assessments of EISA-synthesized mesoporous bioactive glass incorporated in chitosan-gelatin matrix as potential nanocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2023.2191200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
16
|
Samie M, Khan AF, Rahman SU, Iqbal H, Yameen MA, Chaudhry AA, Galeb HA, Halcovitch NR, Hardy JG. Drug/bioactive eluting chitosan composite foams for osteochondral tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:561-574. [PMID: 36587649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Joint defects associated with a variety of etiologies often extend deep into the subchondral bone leading to functional impairment and joint immobility, and it is a very challenging task to regenerate the bone-cartilage interface offering significant opportunities for biomaterial-based interventions to improve the quality of life of patients. Herein drug-/bioactive-loaded porous tissue scaffolds incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp), chitosan (CS) and either hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) or Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) are fabricated through freeze drying method as subchondral bone substitute. A combination of spectroscopy and microscopy (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were used to analyze the structure of the porous biomaterials. The compressive mechanical properties of these scaffolds are biomimetic of cancellous bone tissues and capable of releasing drugs/bioactives (exemplified with triamcinolone acetonide, TA, or transforming growth factor-β1, TGF-β1, respectively) over a period of days. Mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were observed to adhere and proliferate on the tissue scaffolds as confirmed by the cell attachment, live-dead assay and alamarBlue™ assay. Interestingly, RT-qPCR analysis showed that the TA downregulated inflammatory biomarkers and upregulated the bone-specific biomarkers, suggesting such tissue scaffolds have long-term potential for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Samie
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YW, United Kingdom; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25100, Pakistan.
| | - Ather Farooq Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25100, Pakistan
| | - Haffsah Iqbal
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arfat Yameen
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Aqif Anwar Chaudhry
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hanaa A Galeb
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, 21577 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathan R Halcovitch
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YW, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhushan S, Singh S, Maiti TK, Das A, Barui A, Chaudhari LR, Joshi MG, Dutt D. Cerium oxide nanoparticles disseminated chitosan gelatin scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123813. [PMID: 36858088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free and cell-loaded constructs are used to bridge the critical-sized bone defect. Oxidative stress at the site of the bone defects is a major interference that slows bone healing. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in enhancing the properties of three-dimensional scaffolds with free radical scavenging materials. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) can scavenge free radicals due to their redox-modulating property. In this study, freeze-drying was used to fabricate CG-CNPs nanocomposite scaffolds using gelatin (G), chitosan (C), and cerium oxide nanoparticles. Physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological characterization of CG-CNPs scaffolds were studied. CG-CNPs scaffolds demonstrated better results in terms of physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties as compared to CG-scaffold. CG-CNPs scaffolds were cyto-friendly to MC3T3-E1 cells studied by performing in-vitro and in-ovo studies. The scaffold's antimicrobial study revealed high inhibition zones against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. With 79 % porosity, 45.99 % weight loss, 178.25 kPa compressive modulus, and 1.83 Ca/P ratio, the CG-CNP2 scaffold displays the best characteristics. As a result, the CG-CNP2 scaffolds are highly biocompatible and could be applied to repair bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakchi Bhushan
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Ananya Barui
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Leena R Chaudhari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, India
| | - Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bioresorbable Chitosan-Based Bone Regeneration Scaffold Using Various Bioceramics and the Alteration of Photoinitiator Concentration in an Extended UV Photocrosslinking Reaction. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110696. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an ongoing field of research based on clinical needs to treat delayed and non-union long bone fractures. An ideal tissue engineering scaffold should have a biodegradability property matching the rate of new bone turnover, be non-toxic, have good mechanical properties, and mimic the natural extracellular matrix to induce bone regeneration. In this study, biodegradable chitosan (CS) scaffolds were prepared with combinations of bioactive ceramics, namely hydroxyapatite (HAp), tricalcium phosphate-α (TCP- α), and fluorapatite (FAp), with a fixed concentration of benzophenone photoinitiator (50 µL of 0.1% (w/v)) and crosslinked using a UV curing system. The efficacy of the one-step crosslinking reaction was assessed using swelling and compression testing, SEM and FTIR analysis, and biodegradation studies in simulated body fluid. Results indicate that the scaffolds had comparable mechanical properties, which were: 13.69 ± 1.06 (CS/HAp), 12.82 ± 4.10 (CS/TCP-α), 13.87 ± 2.9 (CS/HAp/TCP-α), and 15.55 ± 0.56 (CS/FAp). Consequently, various benzophenone concentrations were added to CS/HAp formulations to determine their effect on the degradation rate. Based on the mechanical properties and degradation profile of CS/HAp, it was found that 5 µL of 0.1% (w/v) benzophenone resulted in the highest degradation rate at eight weeks (54.48% degraded), while maintaining compressive strength between (4.04 ± 1.49 to 10.17 ± 4.78 MPa) during degradation testing. These results indicate that incorporating bioceramics with a suitable photoinitiator concentration can tailor the biodegradability and load-bearing capacity of the scaffolds.
Collapse
|
19
|
kumari S, Divakar S, Srivastava P, Singh BN, Mishra A. Generation of Graphene oxide and nano-bioglass based scaffold for Bone tissue regeneration. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac92b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanocomposite biocompatible graphene oxide-based scaffolds Ch-G-NBG-go were successfully fabricated by lyophilization technique. The fabricated nano-biocomposite scaffolds were crosslinked with EDC-NHS to achieve water- stabilized structure. Then, these scaffolds were tested through X-Ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, High-Resolution Scanning Electron microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Scanning Colorimetry to analyze their physicochemical properties. The average pore size for Ch-G-NBG-go scaffolds with different concentrations was observed in the range of 120-160μm. After GO incorporation, the reduced weight loss was observed in thermogravimetric analysis, revealing its effect over developed scaffolds. In the Lysozyme -PBS solution, the GO-based scaffolds were found firmly stable at room temperature even after a long duration of 28 days also. However, the degradation rate increased after the 21st day highly in the 90% go based scaffold, yet the water retention capacity improved after GO addition in the Ch-G-NBG scaffolds. The scaffold’s potential for bone tissue engineering was evaluated by MG-63 cell culture. It revealed suitable cell attachment and proliferation of cells compared to the Ch-G-NBG scaffold. ALP activity suggested improved osteogenic differentiation of MG-63 cells over GO scaffolds. Based on these results, the nano-biocomposite scaffold appears to have the potential for utilization in bone tissue restoration, replacement and regeneration.
Collapse
|
20
|
The development of a 3D printable chitosan-based copolymer with tunable properties for dentoalveolar regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
21
|
Sethi S, Medha, Kaith BS. A review on chitosan-gelatin nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Singh YP, Bhaskar R, Agrawal AK, Dasgupta S. Effect of monetite reinforced into the chitosan-based lyophilized 3D scaffolds on physicochemical, mechanical, and osteogenic properties. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2090358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, Yeungnam University, South Korea
| | | | - Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mathew S, Arumainathan S. Crosslinked Chitosan-Gelatin Biocompatible Nanocomposite as a Neuro Drug Carrier. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18732-18744. [PMID: 35694506 PMCID: PMC9178715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The polymers, chitosan, a polysaccharide, and gelatin, a protein, are crosslinked in different ratios without the aid of a crosslinking agent. Facile chemical reactions were followed to synthesize a chitosan/gelatin nanocomposite in three different ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1). The solubility of chitosan and the stability of gelatin were improved due to the crosslinking. Both the polymers have excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, adhesion, and absorption properties in a biological environment. The properties of the composite were favorable to be used in drug delivery applications, and the drug dopamine was encapsulated in the composite for all three ratios. The properties of the chitosan/gelatin nanocomposite and dopamine-loaded chitosan/gelatin nanocomposite were examined using XRD, FTIR, SEM, UV, TGA, TEM, and DLS techniques, and the crosslinking was confirmed. Higuchi kinetic release was seen with a cumulative release of 93% within 24 h for the 1:3 nanocomposite in a neutral medium. The peaks at 9 and 20° in the XRD spectrum confirmed the encapsulation of dopamine with the increase in the crystallinity of chitosan, which is also evident from the SAED image. The dopamine functional groups were confirmed from the IR peaks between 500 and 1500 cm-1 and the wide UV absorption maxima between 250 and 290 nm. The particle size of the drug-loaded composite in the ratios 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1 were calculated to be 275, 405, and 355 nm, respectively. The nanocomposite also showed favorable DPPH antioxidant and antibacterial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus. Sustained release of dopamine in a neutral medium using crosslinked chitosan and gelatin without the presence of a crosslinker is the highlight of the work.
Collapse
|
24
|
Singh YP, Dasgupta S. Gelatin-based electrospun and lyophilized scaffolds with nano scale feature for bone tissue engineering application: review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1704-1758. [PMID: 35443894 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2068943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rebuilding of the normal functioning of the damaged human body bone tissue is one of the main objectives of bone tissue engineering (BTE). Fabricated scaffolds are mostly treated as artificial supports and as materials for regeneration of neo bone tissues and must closely biomimetic the native extracellular matrix of bone. The materials used for developing scaffolds should be biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. For the resurrection of bone disorder, specifically natural and synthetic polymers such as chitosan, PCL, gelatin, PGA, PLA, PLGA, etc. meet the requirements for serving their functions as artificial bone substitute materials. Gelatin is one of the potential candidates which could be blended with other polymers or composites to improve its physicochemical, mechanical, and biological performances as a bone graft. Scaffolds are produced by several methods including electrospinning, self-assembly, freeze-drying, phase separation, fiber drawing, template synthesis, etc. Among them, freeze-drying and electrospinning are among the popular, simplest, versatile, and cost-effective techniques. The design and preparation of freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds are of intense research over the last two decades. Freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds offer a distinctive architecture at the micro to nano range with desired porosity and pore interconnectivity for selective movement of small biomolecules and play its role as an appropriate matrix very similar to the natural bone extracellular matrix. This review focuses on the properties and functionalization of gelatin-based polymer and its composite in the form of bone scaffolds fabricated primarily using lyophilization and electrospinning technique and their applications in BTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Khalvandi A, Saber-Samandari S, Aghdam MM. Application of artificial neural networks to predict Young's moduli of cartilage scaffolds: An in-vitro and micromechanical study. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212768. [PMID: 35929308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, four-phase Gelatin-Polypyrrole-Akermanite-Magnetite scaffolds were fabricated and analyzed using in-vitro tests and numerical simulations. Such scaffolds contained various amounts of Magnetite bioceramics as much as 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt% of Gelatin-Polypyrrole-Akermanite biocomposite. X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted. Swelling and degradation of the scaffolds were studied by immersing them in phosphate-buffered saline, PBS, solution. Magnetite bioceramics decreased the swelling percent and degradation duration. By immersing scaffolds in simulated body fluid, the highest formation rate of Apatite was observed in the 15 wt% Magnetite samples. The mean pore size was in an acceptable range to provide suitable conditions for cell proliferation. MG-63 cells were cultured on extracts of the scaffolds for 24, 48, and 72 h and their surfaces for 24 h. Cell viabilities and cell morphologies were assessed. Afterward, micromechanical models with spherical and polyhedral voids and artificial neural networks were employed to predict Young's moduli of the scaffolds. Based on the results of finite element analyses, spherical-shaped void models made the best predictions of elastic behavior in the 0, 5 wt% Magnetite scaffolds compared to the experimental data. Results of the simulations and experimental tests for the ten wt% Magnetite samples were well matched in both micromechanical models. In the 15 wt% Magnetite sample, models with polyhedral voids could precisely predict Young's modulus of such scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalvandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yadav LR, Balagangadharan K, Lavanya K, Selvamurugan N. Orsellinic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone formation in vitro. Life Sci 2022; 299:120559. [PMID: 35447131 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Orsellinic acid (2,4-Dimethoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid) (OA) is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound with therapeutic potential, but its impact on actuating osteogenesis remains unknown. The bioavailability of OA is hampered by its hydrophobic nature. This study aimed to fabricate nano-drug delivery system-based scaffolds for OA and test its potential for osteogenesis in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS OA was loaded into chitosan nanoparticles (nCS + OA) using the ionic gelation technique at different concentrations. nCS + OA were incorporated onto the scaffolds containing gelatin (Gel) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) by the lyophilization method. Biocomposite scaffolds were examined for their physicochemical and material characteristic properties. The effect of OA in the scaffolds for osteoblast differentiation was determined by alizarin red and von Kossa staining at the cellular level and by reverse transcriptase-qPCR and western blot analysis at the molecular level. KEY FINDINGS The scaffolds showed excellent physiochemical and material characteristics and remained cyto-friendly to mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs, C3H10T1/2). The release of OA from Gel/nHAp/nCS scaffolds enhanced the differentiation of mMSCs towards osteoblasts, as observed through cellular and molecular studies. Moreover, the osteogenic potential of OA was mediated by the activation of FAK and ERK signaling pathways through integrins. SIGNIFICANCE The inclusion of OA into Gel/nHAp/nCS biocomposite scaffolds at 80 μM concentration promoted osteoblast differentiation via cell adhesion mediated signaling, compared with that shown by Gel/nHAp/nCS alone. Overall, this study identified the potential therapeutic OA containing Gel/nHAp/nCS scaffolds, accelerating its potential for clinical application towards bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Roshini Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Capuana E, Lopresti F, Ceraulo M, La Carrubba V. Poly-l-Lactic Acid (PLLA)-Based Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine: A Review on Processing and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1153. [PMID: 35335484 PMCID: PMC8955974 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biopolymers are effective cues to replace damaged tissue in the tissue engineering (TE) field, both for in vitro and in vivo application. Among them, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been highlighted as a biomaterial with tunable mechanical properties and biodegradability that allows for the fabrication of porous scaffolds with different micro/nanostructures via various approaches. In this review, we discuss the structure of PLLA, its main properties, and the most recent advances in overcoming its hydrophobic, synthetic nature, which limits biological signaling and protein absorption. With this aim, PLLA-based scaffolds can be exposed to surface modification or combined with other biomaterials, such as natural or synthetic polymers and bioceramics. Further, various fabrication technologies, such as phase separation, electrospinning, and 3D printing, of PLLA-based scaffolds are scrutinized along with the in vitro and in vivo applications employed in various tissue repair strategies. Overall, this review focuses on the properties and applications of PLLA in the TE field, finally affording an insight into future directions and challenges to address an effective improvement of scaffold properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Capuana
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, RU INSTM, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Francesco Lopresti
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, RU INSTM, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Manuela Ceraulo
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, RU INSTM, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Vincenzo La Carrubba
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, RU INSTM, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (V.L.C.)
- ATeN Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Silva RD, Carvalho LT, Moraes RM, Medeiros SDF, Lacerda TM. Biomimetic Biomaterials Based on Polysaccharides: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Duarte Silva
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA) Embrapa Instrumentation Rua XV de Novembro 1452 São Carlos SP 13560‐970 Brazil
| | - Layde Teixeira Carvalho
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering School of Lorena University of São Paulo (EEL‐USP) Lorena SP 12602‐810 Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Minto Moraes
- Department of Material Engineering Engineering School of Lorena University of São Paulo, (EEL‐USP) Lorena SP 12602‐810 Brazil
| | - Simone de Fátima Medeiros
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering School of Lorena University of São Paulo (EEL‐USP) Lorena SP 12602‐810 Brazil
| | - Talita Martins Lacerda
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering School of Lorena University of São Paulo (EEL‐USP) Lorena SP 12602‐810 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Anitua E, Zalduendo M, Troya M, Erezuma I, Lukin I, Hernáez-Moya R, Orive G. Composite alginate-gelatin hydrogels incorporating PRGF enhance human dental pulp cell adhesion, chemotaxis and proliferation. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121631. [PMID: 35247496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of tissue injuries is fueling the development of autologous biological treatments for regenerative medicine. Here, we investigated the potential of three different bioinks based on the combination of gelatin and alginate (GA), enriched in either hydroxyapatite (GAHA) or hydroxyapatite and PRGF (GAHAP), as a favorable microenvironment for human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Swelling behaviour, in vitro degradation and mechanical properties of the matrices were evaluated. Morphological and elemental analysis of the scaffolds were also performed along with cytocompatibility studies. The in vitro cell response to the different scaffolds was also assessed. Results showed that all scaffolds presented high swelling capacity, and those that contained HA showed higher Young's modulus. GAHAP had the lowest degradation rate and the highest values of cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion and chemotaxis were significantly increased when PRGF was incorporated to the matrices. GAHA and GAHAP compositions promoted the highest proliferative rate as well as significantly stimulated osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the enrichment with PRGF improves the regenerative properties of the composites favouring the development of personalized constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Troya
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Itsasne Erezuma
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Izeia Lukin
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Raquel Hernáez-Moya
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Toughening robocast chitosan/biphasic calcium phosphate composite scaffolds with silk fibroin: Tuning printable inks and scaffold structure for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 134:112690. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
31
|
Sabareeswari K, Valarmathi N, Arunai Nambiraj NS, Sumathi S. Synthesis, characterization, mechanical property and antimicrobial activity of cerium/silver substituted HAP/PVA/CMC composite. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Graphene-Oxide Porous Biopolymer Hybrids Enhance In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation and Promote Ectopic Osteogenesis In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010491. [PMID: 35008918 PMCID: PMC8745160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, natural-based scaffolds have presented impressive results for bone tissue engineering (BTE) application. Further, outstanding interactions have been observed during the interaction of graphene oxide (GO)-reinforced biomaterials with both specific cell cultures and injured bone during in vivo experimental conditions. This research hereby addresses the potential of fish gelatin/chitosan (GCs) hybrids reinforced with GO to support in vitro osteogenic differentiation and, further, to investigate its behavior when implanted ectopically. Standard GCs formulation was referenced against genipin (Gp) crosslinked blend and 0.5 wt.% additivated GO composite (GCsGp/GO 0.5 wt.%). Pre-osteoblasts were put in contact with these composites and induced to differentiate in vitro towards mature osteoblasts for 28 days. Specific bone makers were investigated by qPCR and immunolabeling. Next, CD1 mice models were used to assess de novo osteogenic potential by ectopic implantation in the subcutaneous dorsum pocket of the animals. After 4 weeks, alkaline phosphate (ALP) and calcium deposits together with collagen synthesis were investigated by biochemical analysis and histology, respectively. Further, ex vivo materials were studied after surgery regarding biomineralization and morphological changes by means of qualitative and quantitative methods. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy underlined the newly fashioned material structuration by virtue of mineralized extracellular matrix. Specific bone markers determination stressed the osteogenic phenotype of the cells populating the material in vitro and successfully differentiated towards mature bone cells. In vivo results of specific histological staining assays highlighted collagen formation and calcium deposits, which were further validated by micro-CT. It was observed that the addition of 0.5 wt.% GO had an overall significant positive effect on both in vitro differentiation and in vivo bone cell recruitment in the subcutaneous region. These data support the GO bioactivity in osteogenesis mechanisms as being self-sufficient to elevate osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in ectopic sites while lacking the most common osteoinductive agents.
Collapse
|
33
|
Bakhtiar H, Ashoori A, Rajabi S, Pezeshki-Modaress M, Ayati A, Mousavi MR, Ellini MR, Kamali A, Azarpazhooh A, Kishen A. Human amniotic membrane extracellular matrix scaffold for dental pulp regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Int Endod J 2021; 55:374-390. [PMID: 34923640 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In order to obtain a 3-dimentional scaffold with predictable clinical results for pulp regeneration, this study aims to fabricate and characterize a porous decellularized human amniotic membrane (HAM) extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold, and evaluate its potential to promote pulp regeneration in vitro and in vivo. METHODOLOGY The HAM was decellularized, and its histology and DNA content were analysed to confirm decellularization. The scaffolds were synthesized with 15, 22.5 and 30 mg/ml concentrations. The porosity, pore size, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) absorption and degradation rate of the scaffolds were assessed. In vitro experiments were performed on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) to assess their viability, proliferation, adhesion and migration on the scaffolds. The optimal group was selected for in vivo immunogenicity assessment and was also used as the cell-free or cell-loaded scaffold in root segment models to evaluate pulp regeneration. All nonparametric data were analysed with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test, whilst quantitative data were analysed with one-way anova. RESULTS Decellularization of HAM was confirmed (p < .05). The porosity of all scaffolds was more than 95%, and the pore size decreased with an increase in ECM concentration (p < .01). PBS absorption was not significantly different amongst the groups, whilst 30 mg/ml ECM scaffold had the highest degradation rate (p < .01). The hDPSCs adhered to the scaffold, whilst their proliferation rate increased over time in all groups (p < .001). Cell migration was higher in 30 mg/ml ECM scaffold (p < .05). In vivo investigation with 30 mg/ml ECM scaffold revealed mild to moderate inflammatory response. In root segments, both cell-free and cell-loaded 30 mg/ml scaffolds were replaced with newly formed, pulp-like tissue with no significant difference between groups. Immunohistochemical assessments revealed high revascularization and collagen content with no significant difference amongst the groups. CONCLUSION The 30 mg/ml HAM ECM scaffold had optimal physical properties and better supported hDPSC migration. The HAM ECM scaffold did not interfere with formation of pulp-like tissue and revascularization within the root canal when employed as both cell-free and cell-loaded scaffold. These results highlight the potential of HAM ECM membrane for further investigations in regenerative endodontics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Bakhtiar
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Ashoori
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Rajabi
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Ayati
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mousavi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ellini
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Kamali
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Amir Azarpazhooh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anil Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moncayo-Donoso M, Rico-Llanos GA, Garzón-Alvarado DA, Becerra J, Visser R, Fontanilla MR. The Effect of Pore Directionality of Collagen Scaffolds on Cell Differentiation and In Vivo Osteogenesis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183187. [PMID: 34578088 PMCID: PMC8470614 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many bone substitutes have been designed and produced, the development of bone tissue engineering products that mimic the microstructural characteristics of native bone remains challenging. It has been shown that pore orientation within collagen scaffolds influences bone matrix formation by the endochondral route. In addition, that the unidirectional orientation of the scaffolds can limit the growth of blood vessels. However, a comparison between the amount of bone that can be formed in scaffolds with different pore orientations in addition to analyzing the effect of loading osteogenic and proangiogenic factors is still required. In this work we fabricated uni- and multidirectional collagen sponges and evaluated their microstructural, physicochemical, mechanical and biological characteristics. Although the porosity and average pore size of the uni- and multidirectional scaffolds was similar (94.5% vs. 97.1% and 260 µm vs. 269 µm, respectively) the unidirectional sponges had a higher tensile strength, Young's modulus and capacity to uptake liquids than the multidirectional ones (0.271 MPa vs. 0.478 MPa, 9.623 MPa vs. 3.426 MPa and 8000% mass gain vs. 4000%, respectively). Culturing of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated that these scaffolds support cell growth and osteoblastic differentiation in the presence of BMP-2 in vitro, although the pore orientation somehow affected cell attachment and differentiation. The evaluation of the ability of the scaffolds to support bone growth when loaded with BMP-2 or BMP-2 + VEGF in an ectopic rat model showed that they both supported bone formation. Histological analysis and quantification of mineralized matrix revealed that the pore orientation of the collagen scaffolds influenced the osteogenic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguelangel Moncayo-Donoso
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
| | - Gustavo A. Rico-Llanos
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
| | - Diego A. Garzón-Alvarado
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
| | - José Becerra
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
| | - Rick Visser
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Marta R. Fontanilla
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.R.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ali A, Bano S, Poojary S, Chaudhary A, Kumar D, Negi YS. Effect of cellulose nanocrystals on chitosan/PVA/nano β-TCP composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering application. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 33:1-19. [PMID: 34463203 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1973709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The need for an ideal tissue construct has lead to the search of a myriad of polymer composites with desirable properties. The nature, location and type of tissue to be regenerated determines the type of material to be used. A bone construct has its own requirements such as osteoconductivity, mineralization tendency, synchronized degradation rate, osteogenic differentiation potential etc, which results in search of new possible combination of materials aimed to improve tissue response. The present study involves fabrication of Chitosan/Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) porous composite by freeze drying process to be used as bone tissue engineering matrix. CNCs were isolated by acid hydrolysis of cellulose derived from pistachio shells. The prepared scaffold samples were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-RAY Diffraction analysis (XRD). The scaffolds exhibited refinement in pore morphology and increased mineralization tendency on increasing CNC concentration. Samples with 1% and 5% CNC concentration have deposited apatite crystals with Ca/P ratio of 1.61 and 1.66 which is very close to the stoichiometric ratio of natural bone apatite. Compressive modulus of CS/PVA/β-TCP/CNC composite increased on increasing the CNC concentration to 5%. The highest cell viability was recorded in scaffolds with 5% CNC content. Though cell attachment tendency was observed in all samples but the samples with 5 and 10% CNC content demonstrated higher cell densities with significant calcium depositions when cultured for 72 h. Samples with 5% CNC concentration also possessed highest cell differentiation capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur, UP, India
| | - Saleheen Bano
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur, UP, India
| | - Satish Poojary
- Amity School of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, UP, India
| | - Ananya Chaudhary
- Amity School of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, UP, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity School of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, UP, India
| | - Yuvraj Singh Negi
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Swetha S, Balagangadharan K, Lavanya K, Selvamurugan N. Three-dimensional-poly(lactic acid) scaffolds coated with gelatin/magnesium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100282. [PMID: 34424602 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of critical-sized bone defects has progressively evolved over the years from metallic implants to more ingenious three-dimensional-based scaffolds. The use of three-dimensional scaffolds for bone regeneration from biodegradable polymers like poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is gaining popularity. Scaffolds with surface functionalization using gelatin (Gel) have the advantages of biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) is one of the most promising implant materials utilized in orthopaedics. The osteogenic potential of the nHAp can be improved by the substitution of magnesium (Mg) ions onto the crystal lattice of nHAp. Thus, the goal of this work was to make three-dimensional-PLA scaffolds covered with Gel/Mg-nHAp for osteogenic effect. METHODS AND RESULTS The designed three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds were attributed to various characterizations for the examination of their physicochemical, mechanical properties, cyto-compatibility, and biodegradability as well as their ability to promote osteogenesis in vitro. Mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) were cytocompatible with these scaffolds. The osteogenic potential of three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds employing mMSCs was validated at the cellular and molecular levels. The three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds stimulated the differentiation of mMSCs towards osteoblastic lineage. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, we suggest that the three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds' osteogenic capability may be advantageous in the mending of bone defects in orthopedic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalimuthu Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaraj Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Attayil Sukumaran S, Kalimuthu B, Selvamurugan N, Mani P. Wound dressings based on chitosan/gelatin/MgO composite films. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1960342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prabaharan Mani
- Department of Chemistry, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bhamare N, Tardalkar K, Parulekar P, Khadilkar A, Joshi M. 3D printing of human ear pinna using cartilage specific ink. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34280915 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac15b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biofabrication of a complex structure such as ear pinna is not precise with currently available techniques. Auricular deformities (e.g. microtia) can cause physical, social as well as psychological impacts on a patient's wellbeing. Currently available surgical techniques and transplantation methods have many limitations that can be overcome with the help of 3D bioprinting technology. Printable bioink enriched with cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis was done by digesting goat ear pinna cartilage and polymerized by adding polyvinyl alcohol and gelatine. Rheological analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used for the characterization of bioink to get desired viscosity and polymerization. Human ear pinna was printed using extrusion method and computer-aided design, stereolithography software which facilitated the automated printing in relatively less time without continuous monitoring. Thermal degradation of pinna was checked by thermal gravimetric analysis. Biodegradability and swelling of ear pinna were observed for understanding the nature of pinna and the impact of external factors. Reconstructed pinna's biocompatibility was proved byin ovoandin vivostudies. The occurrence of angiogenesis in the grafted ear manifested the capacity of proliferation and engraftment of cartilage cells. Histology and SEM analysis revealed the recellularization and the synthesis of ECM components such as glycosaminoglycan and collagen in transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. The expression of CD90+ which indicated newly synthesized cartilage in the transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. The absence expression of CD14+ also indicated acceptance of xenogenic transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. Transplantation of 3D ear pinna was successful in an animal model and can be utilized as tissue engineered ear bank.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Bhamare
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kasaba Bawada, Maharashtra 416 006, India
| | - Kishor Tardalkar
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kasaba Bawada, Maharashtra 416 006, India
| | - Pratima Parulekar
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, KIT's College of Engineering (Autonomous), Gokul-Shirgaon, Maharashtra, India 416 234
| | - Archana Khadilkar
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, KIT's College of Engineering (Autonomous), Gokul-Shirgaon, Maharashtra, India 416 234
| | - Meghnad Joshi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kasaba Bawada, Maharashtra 416 006, India.,Stem Plus Biotech Pvt. Ltd, Sangli, Miraj, Kupwad Commercial Complex, C/S No. 1317/2, Near Shivaji Maharaj Putla, Bus Stand Road, Gaon Bhag, Sangli 416 416, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Khan A, Alamry KA. Recent advances of emerging green chitosan-based biomaterials with potential biomedical applications: A review. Carbohydr Res 2021; 506:108368. [PMID: 34111686 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is the most abundant natural biopolymer, after cellulose. It is mainly derived from the fungi, shrimp's shells, and exoskeleton of crustaceans, through the deacetylation of chitin. The ecological sustainability associated with its exercise and the flexibility of chitosan owing to its active functional hydroxyl and amino groups makes it a promising candidate for a wide range of applications through a variety of modifications. The biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan and its derivatives along with their various chemical functionalities make them promising carriers for pharmaceutical, nutritional, medicinal, environmental, agriculture, drug delivery, and biotechnology applications. The present work aims to provide a detailed and organized description of modified chitosan and its derivatives-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications. We addressed the biological and physicochemical benefits of nanocomposite materials made up of chitosan and its derivatives in various formulations, including improved physicochemical stability and cells/tissue interaction, controlled drug release, and increased bioavailability and efficacy in clinical practice. Moreover, several modification techniques and their effective utilization are also reviewed and collected in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajahar Khan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid A Alamry
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bicho D, Canadas RF, Gonçalves C, Pina S, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Porous aligned ZnSr-doped β-TCP/silk fibroin scaffolds using ice-templating method for bone tissue engineering applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1966-1982. [PMID: 34228590 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1952382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The bone is a complex and dynamic structure subjected to constant stress and remodeling. Due to the worldwide incidence of bone disorders, tissue scaffolds and engineered bone tissues have emerged as solutions for bone grafting, which require sophisticated scaffolding architectures while keeping high mechanical performance. However, the conjugation of a bone-like scaffold architecture with efficient mechanical properties is still a critical challenge for biomedical applications. In this sense, the present study focused on the modulating the architecture of silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds crosslinked with horseradish peroxidase and mixed with zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr)-doped β-tricalcium phosphate (ZnSr.TCP) to mimic bone structures. The ZnSr.TCP-SF hydrogels were tuned by programmable ice-templating parameters, and further freeze-dried, in order to obtain 3D scaffolds with controlled pore orientation. The results showed interconnected channels in the ZnSr.TCP-SF scaffolds that mimic the porous network of the native subchondral bone matrix. The architecture of the scaffolds was characterized by microCT, showing tunable pore size according to freezing temperatures (-196 °C: ∼80.2 ± 20.5 µm; -80 °C: ∼73.1 ± 20.5 µm; -20 °C: ∼104.7 ± 33.7 µm). The swelling ratio, weight loss, and rheological properties were also assessed, revealing efficient scaffold integrity and morphology after aqueous immersion. Thus, the ZnSr.TCP-SF scaffolds made of aligned porous structure were developed as affordable candidates for future applications in clinical osteoregeneration and in vitro bone tissue modelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bicho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - R F Canadas
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - C Gonçalves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - S Pina
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - R L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mohapatra B, Rautray TR. Facile fabrication of Luffa cylindrica-assisted 3D hydroxyapatite scaffolds. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.20.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of bone-related disorders is abruptly increasing worldwide, and the current therapies available are not sufficient to fulfill the growing demands of patients. Porous three-dimensional (3D) structures cast in combination with ceramics and polymers, with an intention to mimic native bone tissues, are gaining importance because of their better physicochemical and biological activities. The purpose of this study is to prepare a porous scaffold using Luffa cylindrica (LC) as a template coated with hydroxyapatite and gelatin. Guar gum (GG) was used as a binder, and hydroxyapatite powder was added to slurry of 10% gelatin and 1% GG in which pieces of LC were dipped followed by sintering at 900°C. The fabricated scaffolds (LC-GG) were analyzed by using different characterization techniques along with evaluation of porosity and water retention ability. The results revealed that the as-formed scaffolds have 70% porosity with more than 90% water retention ability. The degree of spreading of lymphocytes over the scaffold surface was less in comparison with that of the control, which showed the immunocompatibility of the fabricated scaffold. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is assumed that the synthesized porous structures can suitably be used for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijayinee Mohapatra
- Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tapash R Rautray
- Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dasgupta S, Mondal S, Ray S, Singh YP, Maji K. Hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles reinforced polyanhydride based injectable paste for bone substitution: effect of dopant addition in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1312-1336. [PMID: 33874849 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1916867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles incorporated polyanhydride paste and investigating its bone regeneration capacity in vitro. Photocrosslinkable polyanhydride paste was prepared after synthesizing methacrylate derivatives of 1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)hexane (MCPH) and sebacic acid dimethacrylate (MSA). These multifunctional monomers, namely 45 wt% MSA, 45 wt% MCPH in addition to 10 wt% poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA) were photopolymerized under ultraviolet light (365 nm) to produce highly crosslinked polyanhydride networks using camphroquinone (CQ)/ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate [4-EDMAB] for light initiated crosslinking and benzoyl peroxide (BPO)/dimethyl toludine (DMT) for chemically initiated crosslinking. Separately, using the co-precipitation process, (1 wt%) Si, (1 wt%) Sr, and (0.5 + 0.5) wt% Si/Sr was doped into hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles in size range between 50 and 70 nm. Si, Sr, and both Si/Sr doped hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles to the extent 10 wt% were added to polyanhydride monomer mixture containing 40 wt% MSA, 40 wt% MCPH and 10 wt% PEGDA and subsequently photopolymerized as previously mentioned. Incorporation of hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles to the extent of 10 wt% into polyanhydride matrix enhanced compressive strength of the hardened paste from 30 to 49 MPa. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from the human umbilical cord were cultured onto pure polyanhydride and hydroxyapatite-collagen added scaffold to assess their cellular proliferation and differentiation capacity to bone cell. MTT assay showed that mesenchymal stem cell proliferation was significantly higher in Si/Sr binary doped hydroxyapatite-collagen-polyanhydride sample as compared to other samples. Again from immunocytochemistry study using confocal images suggested that expression of osteocalcin, a marker indicating differentiation into osteoblast, was the highest in Si/Sr binary doped hydroxyapatite-collagen-polyanhydride sample against the other samples studied in this case. This study thus summarizes the development of photocurable biocomposites containing polyanhydride and Si, Sr doped hydroxyapatite-collagen nanoparticles that exhibited tremendous promise to regenerate bone tissues in complex-shaped musculoskeletal defect sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumini Mondal
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sambit Ray
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | | | - Kanchan Maji
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The influence of 3‐glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane on the rheological and in‐vitro behavior of injectable composites containing
64S
bioactive glass, chitosan, and gelatin. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
44
|
Rahman MS, Hasan MS, Nitai AS, Nam S, Karmakar AK, Ahsan MS, Shiddiky MJA, Ahmed MB. Recent Developments of Carboxymethyl Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1345. [PMID: 33924089 PMCID: PMC8074295 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is one of the most promising cellulose derivatives. Due to its characteristic surface properties, mechanical strength, tunable hydrophilicity, viscous properties, availability and abundance of raw materials, low-cost synthesis process, and likewise many contrasting aspects, it is now widely used in various advanced application fields, for example, food, paper, textile, and pharmaceutical industries, biomedical engineering, wastewater treatment, energy production, and storage energy production, and storage and so on. Many research articles have been reported on CMC, depending on their sources and application fields. Thus, a comprehensive and well-organized review is in great demand that can provide an up-to-date and in-depth review on CMC. Herein, this review aims to provide compact information of the synthesis to the advanced applications of this material in various fields. Finally, this article covers the insights of future CMC research that could guide researchers working in this prominent field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saifur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md. Saif Hasan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Ashis Sutradhar Nitai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Sunghyun Nam
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;
| | - Aneek Krishna Karmakar
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Md. Shameem Ahsan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science (ESC) and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia;
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Salahuddin B, Wang S, Sangian D, Aziz S, Gu Q. Hybrid Gelatin Hydrogels in Nanomedicine Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2886-2906. [PMID: 35014383 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin based hydrogels are often incorporated with supporting materials such as chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol), alginate, carbon nanotubes, and hyaluronic acid. These hybrid materials are specifically of interest in diversified nanomedicine fields as they exhibit unique physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The applications include drug delivery, wound healing, cell culture, and tissue engineering. This paper reviews the various up-to-date methods to fabricate gelatin-based hydrogels, including UV photo-cross-linking, electrospinning, and 3D bioprinting. This paper also includes physical, chemical, mechanical, and biocompatibility characterization studies of several hybrid gelatin hydrogels and discusses their relevance in nanomedicine based applications. Challenges associated with the fabrication of hybrid materials for nanotechnology implementation, specifically in nanomedicine development, are critically discussed, and some future recommendations are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidita Salahuddin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Danial Sangian
- Mechatronic Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technical University of Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shazed Aziz
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Don Nicklin Building (74), St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gupta D, Vashisth P, Bellare J. Multiscale porosity in a 3D printed gellan-gelatin composite for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33761468 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abf1a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a complex-shaped gelatin-gellan composite scaffold with multiscale porosity using a combination of cryogenic 3D printing and lyophilization for bone tissue engineering. Cryogenic 3D printing was used to fabricate a low-concentration composite of complex-shaped macroporous gelatin-gellan structures with a pore size of 919 ± 89 µm. This was followed by lyophilization to introduce micropores of size 20-250 µm and nanometre-level surface functionalities, thus achieving a hierarchical porous structure. These multiscale porous scaffolds (GMu) were compared with two other types of scaffolds having only microporosity (GMi) and macroporosity (GMa) with regard to their physical andin vitrobiological properties. GMu scaffolds were found to be better than GMi and GMa in terms of swelling percentage, degradation rate, uniform pore distribution, cellular infiltration, attachment, proliferation, protein generation and mineralization. In conclusion, we have developed a controlled hierarchical bone-like structure, biomimicking natural bone, together with a reproducible process of manufacture by coupling soft hydrogel 3D printing with lyophilization. This enables the development of complex-shaped patient-specific 3D printed hydrogel scaffolds with enhanced performancein vitroand great potential in the fields of tissue engineering, bioprinting and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Priya Vashisth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jayesh Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Tata Centre for Technology and Design, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering (WRCB), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zeinali R, del Valle LJ, Torras J, Puiggalí J. Recent Progress on Biodegradable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Prepared by Thermally-Induced Phase Separation (TIPS). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073504. [PMID: 33800709 PMCID: PMC8036748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous biodegradable scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells allowing them to attach, proliferate and guide the formation of new tissues. A variety of techniques have been developed to fabricate tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, among them the most relevant is the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). This technique has been widely used in recent years to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) TE scaffolds. Low production cost, simple experimental procedure and easy processability together with the capability to produce highly porous scaffolds with controllable architecture justify the popularity of TIPS. This paper provides a general overview of the TIPS methodology applied for the preparation of 3D porous TE scaffolds. The recent advances in the fabrication of porous scaffolds through this technique, in terms of technology and material selection, have been reviewed. In addition, how properties can be effectively modified to serve as ideal substrates for specific target cells has been specifically addressed. Additionally, examples are offered with respect to changes of TIPS procedure parameters, the combination of TIPS with other techniques and innovations in polymer or filler selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zeinali
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (J.P.); Tel.: +34-93-401-1620 (R.Z.); +34-93-401-5649 (J.P.)
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
| | - Joan Torras
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, c/Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (J.P.); Tel.: +34-93-401-1620 (R.Z.); +34-93-401-5649 (J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Characterization and antibacterial activity of Streptomycin Sulfate loaded Bioglass/Chitosan beads for bone tissue engineering. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
49
|
Hammad HG, Salama MNF. Porosity Pattern of 3D Chitosan/Bioactive Glass Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Prepared for Bone Regeneration. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
The study was conducted to investigate the obtained external and internal porosity and the pore-interconnectivity of specific fabricated bioactive composite tissue engineering scaffolds for bone regeneration in dental applications.
Materials and Methods:
In this study, the bioactive glass [M] was elaborated as a quaternary system to be incorporated into the chitosan [C] scaffold preparation on a magnetic stirrer to provide bioactivity and better strength properties for the attempted composite scaffolds [C/ M] of variable compositions. The homogenous chitosan/bioactive glass mix was poured into tailor-made cylindrical molds [10cm×10cm]; a freeze-dryer program was used for the creation of uniform and interconnected macropores for all prepared chitosan-based scaffolds. The morphology of fabricated chitosan [C] and chitosan-bioactive glass [C/ M] composite scaffolds was studied by a scanning electron microscope [SEM] and a mercury porosimeter. In addition, the in-vitro biodegradation rate of all elaborated scaffolds was reported after immersing the prepared scaffolds in a simulated body fluid [SBF] solution. Furthermore, for every prepared scaffold composition, characterization was performed for phase identification, microstructure, porosity, bioactivity, and mechanical properties using an X-ray diffraction analysis [XRD], an X-ray Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy [FTIR], a mercury porosimetry, a scanning electron microscopy [SEM] coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry [EDS] and a universal testing machine, respectively.
Results:
All the prepared porous chitosan-based composite materials showed pore sizes suitable for osteoblasts seeding, with relatively larger pore sizes for the C scaffolds.
Conclusion:
The smart blending of the prepared bioactive glass [M] with the chitosan matrix offered some advantages, such as the formation of an apatite layer for cell adhesion upon the scaffold surfaces, the reasonable decrease in scaffold pore size, and the relative increase in compressive strength that were enhanced by the incorporation of [M]. Therefore, the morphology, microstructure, and mechanical behavior of the elaborated stress loaded biocomposite tissue engineering scaffolds seem highly dependent on their critical contented bioactive glass.
Collapse
|
50
|
Bueno OMVM, Herrera CL, Bertran CA, San-Miguel MA, Lopes JH. An experimental and theoretical approach on stability towards hydrolysis of triethyl phosphate and its effects on the microstructure of sol-gel-derived bioactive silicate glass. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111759. [PMID: 33545900 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The sol-gel method is versatile and one of the well-established synthetic approaches for preparing bioactive glass with improved microstructure. In a successful approach, alkoxide precursors undergo rapid hydrolysis, followed by immediate condensation leading to the formation of three-dimensional gels. On the other hand, a slow kinetics rate for hydrolysis of one or more alkoxide precursors generates a mismatch in the progression of the consecutive reactions of the sol-gel process, which makes it difficult to form homogeneous multicomponent glass products. The amorphous phase separation (APS) into the gel is thermodynamically unstable and tends to transform into a crystalline form during the calcination step of xerogel. In the present study, we report a combined experimental and theoretical method to investigate the stability towards hydrolysis of triethyl phosphate (TEP) and its effects on the mechanism leading to phase separation in 58S bioactive glass obtained via sol-gel route. A multitechnical approach for the experimental characterization combined with calculations of functional density theory (DFT) suggest that TEP should not undergo hydrolysis by water under acidic conditions during the formation of the sol or even in the gel phase. The activation energy barrier (ΔG‡) showed a height of about 20 kcal·mol-1 for the three stages of hydrolysis and the reaction rates calculated for each stage of TEP hydrolysis were kFHR = 7.0 × 10-3s-1, kSHR = 6.8 × 10-3s-1 and kTHR = 3.5 × 10-3s-1. These results show that TEP remains in the non-hydrolyzed form segregated within the xerogel matrix until its thermal decomposition in the calcination step, when P species preferentially associate with calcium ions (labile species) and other phosphate groups present nearby, forming crystalline domains of calcium pyrophosphates permeated by the silica-rich glass matrix. Together, our data expand the knowledge about the synthesis by the sol-gel method of bioactive glass and establishes a mechanism that explains the role played by the precursor source of phosphorus (TEP) in the phase separation, an event commonly observed for these biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otto Mao Vargas Machuca Bueno
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Christian Leonardo Herrera
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Celso Aparecido Bertran
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel San-Miguel
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Fundamental Sciences (IEF), Aeronautics Institute of Technology - ITA, 12228-900 Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|