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Ji Q, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Su Q, He T, Hou S, Gui L. Multi-Omics Revealed Resveratrol and β-Hydroxy-β-methyl Butyric Acid Alone or in Combination Improved the Jejunal Function in Tibetan Sheep. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:892. [PMID: 39199138 PMCID: PMC11351831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research studies confirmed that both resveratrol (RES) and β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyric acid (HMB) improved growth performance by altering intestinal microbiota. However, the mechanism underlying of RES and HMB on intestinal function remains unclear in ruminant. In this study, supplements of RES and HMB alone or in combination were evaluated as promoters of antioxidant capacity, immune response and barrier function, and modulators of the microbiota and metabolite profiles in the jejunum of Tibetan sheep. A total of 120 two-month-old Tibetan rams were randomly divided into four treatments (n = 30 per treatment), which were supplemented with a basal diet with 1.5 g RES/d (RES group), 1.25 g HMB/d (HMB group), 1.5 g RES/d plus 1.25 g HMB/d (RES-HMB group), and without additions (Control group). The results showed that RES and HMB improved the antioxidant capacity (CAT, GSH-Px, SOD, and T-AOC), immunity (IgA, IgG, and IgM), and digestive enzyme activity (α-amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsin) of the experimental lambs (p < 0.05). Additionally, jejunal morphology including villus width, villus height, and muscle layer thickness exhibited a significant difference when rams were fed diets supplemented with RES and HMB (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the determination of fermentation parameters showed that the butyrate concentration in the RES-HMB group was greater than those in the C and RES groups (p < 0.05). When compared to the C group, barrier-related gene expression (MUC-2, ZO-1, and IL-10) was significantly increased in the RES-HMB group (p < 0.05). Dietary RES and (or) HMB supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Methanobrevibacter, Actinobacteriota and Bacillus (p < 0.05). The abundance of differential bacteria was positively associated with butyrate concentration (p < 0.05). Metabolome analysis revealed that alpha ketoglutarate, succinic semialdehyde, and diacetyl as well as butanoate metabolism pathways connected to the improvements in butyrate concentration by RES and (or) HMB supplementation. Collectively, our results suggested that RES and (or) HMB supplementation improved butyrate concentration via regulating the microbial community (Methanobrevibacter, Actinobacteriota and Bacillus) and metabolism (alpha ketoglutarate, succinic semialdehyde, and diacetyl), thus contributing to jejunal morphology, antioxidant capacity, immune response, digestive enzyme activity, and barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Q.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Q.S.); (T.H.); (S.H.)
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Huang Y, Lei Y, Gong Z, Wang Y, Li M, Zhao D, Song L. Feeding Eucommia ulmoides extract enhances protection against high-temperature stress in chicks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103827. [PMID: 38801811 PMCID: PMC11150962 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chick's susceptibility to heat stress often leads to growth retardation, immune function impairment, disease, and mortality. This thesis explores the potential ameliorative effect of 0.8% Eucommia ulmoides extract (EUE) into the diet of heat-stressed chicks in a 15-d feeding trial. The investigation reveals that feeding EUE significantly enhances the BW, ADG, AFI, and F/G of chicks experiencing heat stress. Additionally, the EUE groups exhibited higher levels of T-AOC (at 7 and 15d), SOD (at 15 d), GSH-Px (at 15 d), as well as lower MDA concentrations (at 7 and 15d) in chick serum. Pathological changes and H&E staining revealed that EUE effectively improved tissue damage in the duodenum, heart, and stomach induced by heat stress in the chicks. The EUE groups also showed higher levels of IgA (at 7 d), IgG and IgM (at 7 and 15 d). RNA-seq and WGCNA analysis revealed that EUE mitigates cellular damage and losses in heat-stressed chicks primarily through pathways involving signal transduction, protein synthesis and degradation, as well as cell cycle regulation, particularly the latter. This investigation serves as a fundamental and cognitive framework for the development and application of Eucommia ulmoides feed additives aimed at safeguarding the well-being of chicks in adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding (Guizhou), Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China
| | - Yue Lei
- Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops, Xingyi, Guizhou Province 562400, China
| | - Zouxian Gong
- Clinical Medical College of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550004, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding (Guizhou), Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China
| | - Minxue Li
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Shuicheng District, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province 553040, China
| | - Degang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding (Guizhou), Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550006, China
| | - Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding (Guizhou), Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China.
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3
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Wang J, Deng L, Chen M, Che Y, Li L, Zhu L, Chen G, Feng T. Phytogenic feed additives as natural antibiotic alternatives in animal health and production: A review of the literature of the last decade. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:244-264. [PMID: 38800730 PMCID: PMC11127233 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in animal production raises great public safety concerns; therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of substitutes for antibiotics. In recent decades, plant-derived feed additives have been widely investigated as antibiotic alternatives for use in animal health and production because they exert multiple biological functions and are less likely to induce resistance development. This review summarizes the research history and classification of phytogenic feed additives and their main functions, potential modes of action, influencing factors, and potential negative effects. Further, we highlight the challenges in developing sustainable, safe, and affordable plant-derived antibiotic alternatives for use in livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Lufang Deng
- Feed Branch of Beijing Sanyuan Breeding Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101105, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuyan Che
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guoshun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Zha A, Yan J, Li J, Wang J, Qi M, Liao P, Chun G, Yin Y. Melatonin increased antioxidant capacity to ameliorate growth retardation and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in diquat-challenged piglets. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2262-2271. [PMID: 37947497 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diquat is a common environmental pollutant, which can cause oxidative stress in humans and animals. Diquat exposure causes growth retardation and intestinal damage. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effects of melatonin on diquat-challenged piglets. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin significantly increased the average daily gain and feed conversion rate in piglets. Melatonin increased antioxidant capacity, and improved intestinal epithelial barrier function of duodenum and jejunum in piglets. Moreover, melatonin was found to regulated the expression of immune and antioxidant-related genes. Melatonin also alleviated diquat-induced growth retardation and anorexia in diquat-challenged piglets. It also increased antioxidant capacity, and ameliorated diquat-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury. Melatonin also regulated the expression of MnSOD and immuner-elated genes in intestinal. CONCLUSION Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin increased antioxidant capacity to ameliorate diquat-induced oxidative stress, alleviate intestinal epithelial barrier injury, and increase growth performance in weaned piglets. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Zha
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiameng Yan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Chun
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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5
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Hong C, Huang Y, Cao S, Wang L, Yang X, Hu S, Gao K, Jiang Z, Xiao H. Accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors: Does the dose matter in swine production? J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:11. [PMID: 38273345 PMCID: PMC10811888 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with a number of physiological problems in swine, including reduced production efficiency. Recently, although there has been increased research into regulatory mechanisms and antioxidant strategies in relation to oxidative stress-induced pig production, it remains so far largely unsuccessful to develop accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors. Here, we discuss the dose and dose intensity of the causes of oxidative stress involving physiological, environmental and dietary factors, recent research models and the antioxidant strategies to provide theoretical guidance for future oxidative stress research in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiguo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Zhou H, Shi X, Yu Y, Yang L, OuYang J, Bian Y, Liu Y, Li G. Puerarin Alleviates Oxidized Oil-Induced Oxidative Injury and Inflammation via Inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathways: An Investigation in a Chicken Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200663. [PMID: 37776050 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Puerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil-induced injury. Here, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of puerarin are described using a chicken model. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 360 broilers are arranged in four treatments. Diets include two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg kg-1 ). Results show that puerarin alleviates oxidized soybean oil-induced hepatic and thymic oxidative injury. This effect is observed by increasing the SOD activity and the expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes and reducing the MDA content in the liver and thymus. Moreover, puerarin supplementation decreases the concentrations and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the liver and thymus. The potential mechanism responsible for this is the decrease in the mRNA or protein levels of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, and p65 in the liver or thymus. Western blotting results indicate that puerarin also decreases the phosphorylation of JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and p38 in the liver and thymus. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates puerarin may be a potential nutrient supplement in the treatment of oxidized oil-induced damage, and the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK signaling pathways might be its important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yingmei Yu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yinhao Bian
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Guanhong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
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Debele GR, Kuse SA, Kefeni BT, Geda A, Jifar WW, Kitila KM, Hajure M. Why too soon? Predictors of time to diabetic peripheral neuropathy among newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients: a multicenter follow-up study at health-care setting of Ethiopia. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:186. [PMID: 37865762 PMCID: PMC10589986 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rising number of diabetic patients, the burden of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is clearly posing a major challenge to the long-term viability of the health-care system. Despite this, most DPN epidemiological research in eastern Africa, including Ethiopia, has so far been limited to survey studies. Thus, we determined the incidence of DPN and its predictors among diabetic patients in tertiary health-care setting of southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A multicenter retrospective follow-up study was carried out on 567 randomly selected diabetic patients. Data were entered using Epi-Data v4.6 and analyzed using R v4.0.4. The survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier, and compared using Log-rank test between groups of categorical variables. The PHA were evaluated using the Schoenfeld residuals test. Multivariable Gompertz proportional hazard model was used to examine the predictors of DPN at 5% level of significance. RESULTS Overall, of 567 DM patients 119 developed DPN with an incidence rate of 3.75, 95%CI [3.13, 4.49] per 100 PY. About 15.13% and 69% of DPN cases occurred within 2 and 5 years of DM diagnosis, respectively. In the multivariable Gompertz PH model, being female [AHR = 1.47; 95% CI (1.01, 2.15)], T2DM [AHR = 3.49 95% CI (1.82, 6.71)], having diabetic retinopathy [AHR = 1.9 95% CI (1.25, 2.91)], positive proteinuria [AHR = 2.22 95% CI (1.35, 3.65)], being obese [AHR = 3.94 95% CI (1.2, 12.89)] and overweight [AHR = 3.34 95% CI (1.09, 10.25)] significantly predicts the future risk of DPN. CONCLUSION Nearly, 7 in 10 of DPN cases occurred within short period of time (5 year) of DM diagnosis. Being female, T2DM, DR, positive proteinuria, obese and overweight significantly predicts the risk of DPN. Therefore, we recommend screening and early diagnosis of diabetes with its complication. While doing so, attention should be given for DM patients with DR and positive proteinuria at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebiso Roba Debele
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
| | - Samuel Abdisa Kuse
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | | | - Abdi Geda
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Wakuma Wakene Jifar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Keno Melkamu Kitila
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammedamin Hajure
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
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Zhou X, He Y, Chen J, Xiong X, Yin J, Liang J, Peng C, Huang C, Guan G, Yin Y. Colonic phosphocholine is correlated with Candida tropicalis and promotes diarrhea and pathogen clearance. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:62. [PMID: 37666845 PMCID: PMC10477305 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea is characterized by alterations in the gut microbiota, metabolites, and host response to these changes. Studies have focused on the role of commensal bacteria in diarrhea; however, the effect of fungi on its pathogenesis remains unexplored. Here, using post-weaned piglets with or without diarrhea, we found an unexpected decrease in the abundance of Candida tropicalis in diarrheal piglets. We also observed increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the colonic tissues of diarrheal piglets. Using dectin-1-knockout mice, we found that the over-accumulation of ROS killed C. tropicalis by promoting NET formation, which was dependent on dectin-1. The decreased abundance of C. tropicalis resulted in reduced phosphocholine consumption. Then, colonic phosphocholine accumulation drives water efflux by increasing cAMP levels by activating adenylyl cyclase, which promotes the clearance of pathogenic bacteria. Collectively, we demonstrated that phosphocholine is correlated with colonic C. tropicalis and promotes diarrhea and pathogen clearance. Our results suggest that mycobiota colonizing the colon might be involved in maintaining intestinal metabolic homeostasis through the consumption of certain metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiwen He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingqing Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Can Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiping Guan
- College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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9
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Liang C, Ren Y, Tian G, He J, Zheng P, Mao X, Yu J, Yu B. Dietary glutathione supplementation attenuates oxidative stress and improves intestinal barrier in diquat-treated weaned piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37133420 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2023.2199806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of glutathione (GSH) against oxidative stress and intestinal barrier disruption caused by diquat (an oxidative stress inducer) in weaned piglets. Twenty-four piglets were randomly assigned to four treatments with six pigs per treatment for an 18-d trial. Treatments were basal diet, basal diet + diquat challenge, 50 mg/kg GSH diets + diquat challenge and 100 mg/kg GSH diets + diquat challenge. On day 15, piglets in basal diet group and diquat-challenged groups were intraperitoneally injected with sterile saline and diquat at 10 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The results showed that GSH supplementation improved growth performance of diquat-injected piglets from days 15 to 18 (p < 0.05), especially at a dose of 100 mg/kg GSH. Meanwhile, diquat also caused oxidative stress and intestinal barrier damage in piglets. However, GSH supplementation enhanced the antioxidant capacity of serum and jejunum, as evidenced by the increase in GSH content and total superoxide dismutase activities and the decrease in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations (p < 0.05). GSH also up-regulated the mRNA expressions of intestinal tight junction protein (zonula occludens 1, ZO1; occludin, OCLN; claudin-1, CLDN1) and mitochondrial biogenesis and function (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha, PGC1α; mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM; cytochrome c, CYCS), compared with diquat-challenged piglets in basal diet (p < 0.05). Thus, the study demonstrates that GSH protects piglets from oxidative stress caused by diquat and 100 mg/kg GSH has a better protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Zhou H, Yu Y, Shi X, Zou T, Yang L, OuYang J, Bian Y, Liu Y, Li G. Dietary puerarin supplementation improves immune function in the small intestines of oxidized oil-challenged broilers. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13895. [PMID: 38031207 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil-induced injury. Here, we describe the anti-inflammatory effects of puerarin in chickens. A total of 360 broilers were arranged in four treatments. Diets included two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg/kg). Results showed that puerarin alleviated oxidized soybean oil-induced intestinal immune injury by decreasing the expressions of HSP and pro-inflammatory factor (P < 0.05) and enhancing the mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory factor and CATH-1 (P < 0.05) in broilers. Moreover, puerarin supplementation decreased the mRNA abundances of TLR4 and MyD88 (P < 0.05) and upregulated the expressions of A20 and SOCS-1 (P < 0.05) in the small intestine of oxidized soybean oil-challenged broilers. Collectively, this study demonstrates puerarin may be a potential nutrient supplement in the treatment of oxidized oil-induced damage in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingmei Yu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingxin OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Yinhao Bian
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
| | - Guanhong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, China
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11
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Abbasi A, Rahbar Saadat T, Rahbar Saadat Y. Microbial exopolysaccharides-β-glucans-as promising postbiotic candidates in vaccine adjuvants. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:346-361. [PMID: 36347372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The urgent task of creating new, enhanced adjuvants is closely related to our comprehension of their mechanisms of action. A few adjuvants have shown sufficient efficacy and low toxicity to be allowed for use in human vaccines, despite the fact that they have a long history and an important function. Adjuvants have long been used without a clear understanding of how precisely they augment the immune response. The rational production of stronger and safer adjuvants has been impeded by this lack of information, which necessitates more mechanistic research to support the development of vaccines. Carbohydrate structures-polygalactans, fructans, β-D-glucans, α-D-glucans, D-galactose, and D-glucose-are desirable candidates for the creation of vaccine adjuvants and immunomodulators because they serve important functions in nature and are often biocompatible, safe, and well tolerated. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in microbial-derived carbohydrate-based adjuvants, their immunostimulatory activity, and the implications of this for vaccine development, along with the critical view on the microbial sources, chemical composition, and biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Grados L, Pérot M, Barbezier N, Delayre-Orthez C, Bach V, Fumery M, Anton PM, Gay-Quéheillard J. How advanced are we on the consequences of oral exposure to food contaminants on the occurrence of chronic non communicable diseases? CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135260. [PMID: 35688194 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of an individual during fetal life and childhood is characterized by rapid growth as well as gradual maturation of organs and systems. Beyond the nutritional intake in essential nutrients, food contaminants can permanently influence the way organs mature and function. These processes are called "programming" and play an essential role in the occurrence of non-communicable chronic diseases throughout the lifespan. Populations as pregnant women, fetuses and young children are vulnerable and particularly sensitive to food contaminants which can induce epigenetic modifications transmissible to future generations. Among these contaminants, pesticides are found in most food matrices exposing humans to cocktails of molecules through variable concentrations and duration of exposure. The Maillard reaction products (MRPs) represent other food contaminants resulting from heat treatment of food. Modern diet, rich in fats and sugars, is also rich in neoformed pathogenic compounds, Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs), the levels of which depend on the heat treatment of foods and eating habits and whose effects on health are controversial. In this review, we have chosen to present the current knowledge on the impacts of selected pesticides and MRPs, on the risk of developing during life non-communicable chronic diseases such as IBD, metabolic disorders or allergies. A large review of literature was performed via Pubmed, and the most appropriate studies were summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Grados
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France; CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service D'hépato-gastro-entérologie, Rond-point Du Pr Cabrol, Amiens, France
| | - Maxime Pérot
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Nicolas Barbezier
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Carine Delayre-Orthez
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France
| | - Mathurin Fumery
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France; CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service D'hépato-gastro-entérologie, Rond-point Du Pr Cabrol, Amiens, France
| | - Pauline M Anton
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Jérôme Gay-Quéheillard
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France.
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13
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Zhou N, Tian Y, Liu W, Tu B, Xu W, Gu T, Zou K, Lu L. Protective Effects of Resveratrol and Apigenin Dietary Supplementation on Serum Antioxidative Parameters and mRNAs Expression in the Small Intestines of Diquat-Challenged Pullets. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:850769. [PMID: 35711792 PMCID: PMC9196582 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.850769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry as a large-scale intensive farming is vulnerable to oxidative stress. Resveratrol and apigenin are recognized to have many beneficial bioactive functions. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary resveratrol and apigenin supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat-challenged pullets. A total of 200 healthy pullets were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control group fed with a basal diet (CON), diquat group fed with a basal diet (DIQ), resveratrol group fed with a basal diet containing 500 mg/kg resveratrol (RES), and an apigenin group fed with a basal diet containing 500 mg/kg apigenin (API) and injected intraperitoneally with either 1 ml of saline (CON) or 8 mg/kg body weight of diquat (DIQ, RES, and API) to induce oxidative stress. The day of the injection was considered as day 0. The results indicated that resveratrol and apigenin were able to decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and upregulate total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in serum on day 1 and 10 after being diquat-challenged. In addition, resveratrol increased mRNA expression of NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1) and HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) in ileum and jejunum on day 10, while apigenin upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), NQO1, and HO-1 in ileum and jejunum on day 10. Both resveratrol and apigenin increased the mRNA expression of CLAUDIN-1 in ileum and jejunum on day 1 and that of ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1) in ileum on day 10 post-diquat-injection. These findings indicate that dietary supplementation with resveratrol and apigenin attenuates oxidative stress involving NRF2 signaling pathways in diquat-challenged pullets to some extent. These observations are valuable for the chicken industry and resveratrol and apigenin applications in animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Huzhou Lvchang Ecoagriculture Co., Ltd., Huzhou, China
| | - Bingjiang Tu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Huzhou Wuxing District Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Huzhou, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Zou
| | - Lizhi Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- Lizhi Lu
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14
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Zhou N, Tian Y, Liu W, Tu B, Gu T, Xu W, Zou K, Lu L. Effects of quercetin and coated sodium butyrate dietary supplementation in diquat-challenged pullets. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1434-1443. [PMID: 35240016 PMCID: PMC9449397 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that dietary quercetin (QUE) and coated sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation alleviate oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat (DIQ)-challenged pullets. Methods A total of 200 13-week-old pullets were divided into four groups: the control group (CON), the DIQ group, the QUE group, and the coated SB group, and injected intraperitoneally with either saline (CON) or diquat (DIQ, QUE, and SB) to induce oxidative stress on day 0. Results On the first day, the malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations in the SB group were significantly different from those in the DIQ and QUE groups (p<0.05), and dietary supplementation with SB increased serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels compared with the DIQ group (p<0.05). Quercetin and SB increased the levels of CLAUDIN-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the jejunum. On the tenth day of treatment, QUE attenuated the decrease in GSH-PX levels compared to those of the CON group (p<0.05), while SB increased SOD, GSH-PX, and total antioxidant capacity levels compared to those of the DIQ group. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA levels in the QUE and SB groups increased (p<0.05) and CLAUDIN-1 mRNA levels in the QUE and SB groups were upregulated compared to those in the DIQ group ileum tissue. Conclusion Supplementation of QUE and SB demonstrated the ability to relieve oxidative stress in pullets post DIQ-injection with a time-dependent manner and QUE and SB may be potential antioxidant additives for relieving oxidative stress and protecting the intestinal barrier of pullets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Huzhou Lvchang Ecoagriculture Co., Ltd. Huzhou, 313025, China
| | - Bingjiang Tu
- Huzhou Wuxing District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Kang Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
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15
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Lee HS, Lee IH, Kang K, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. Network Pharmacological Dissection of the Mechanisms of Eucommiae Cortex-Achyranthis Radix Combination for Intervertebral Disc Herniation Treatment. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211055024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucommiae cortex (EC) and Achyranthis radix (AR) are herbal medicines widely used in combination for the treatment of intervertebral disc herniation (IDH). The mechanisms of action of the herbal combination have not been understood from integrative and comprehensive points of view. By adopting network pharmacological methodology, we aimed to investigate the pharmacological properties of the EC-AR combination as a therapeutic agent for IDH at a systematic molecular level. Using the pharmacokinetic information for the chemical ingredients of the EC-AR combination obtained from the comprehensive herbal drug-associated databases, we determined its 31 bioactive ingredients and 68 IDH-related therapeutic targets. By analyzing their enrichment for biological functions, we observed that the targets of the EC-AR combination were associated with the regulation of angiogenesis; cytokine and chemokine activity; oxidative and inflammatory stress responses; extracellular matrix organization; immune response; and cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, migration, and activation. Pathway enrichment investigation revealed that the EC-AR combination may target IDH-pathology-associated signaling pathways, such as those of cellular senescence and chemokine, neurotrophin, TNF, MAPK, toll-like receptor, and VEGF signaling, to exhibit its therapeutic effects. Collectively, these data provide mechanistic insights into the pharmacological activity of herbal medicines for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases such as IDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, 87 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05542, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, 129 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05549, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hee Lee
- The Fore, 87 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05542, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungrae Kang
- Forest Hospital, 129 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05549, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, 129 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05549, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Yang
- Kyunghee Naro Hospital, 67, Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13586, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kwon
- Forest Hospital, 129 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05549, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, 87 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05542, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, 129 Ogeum-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05549, Republic of Korea
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Hu T, Lei Y, Li M, Liu Q, Song L, Zhao D. Dietary Eucommia ulmoides Extract Alleviates the Effect of Cold Stress on Chick Growth Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Ability. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3008. [PMID: 34827741 PMCID: PMC8614489 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective value of Eucommia ulmoides extract (EUE) on chicks under cold stress. A total of 21 compounds were identified in EUE using mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Ninety chicks were divided into a control group (CS) fed a basal diet and an experimental group supplemented with EUE, exposed to 10 ± 1 °C for 8 h per day. Results showed, compared with the CS group, the body weights (BW) (p < 0.01) and average daily gains ADG (p < 0.05) of the EUE group were increased throughout the study period. Chicks fed EUE had higher AFI (0-7 d, p < 0.001) and lower feed-to-gain ratios (F/G) (0-15 d, p < 0.001). EUE increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (15 d, p < 0.05) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (7 d, p < 0.05), whereas it decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) (15 d, p < 0.01). The contents of IgA (7 d, p < 0.05), IgG (7 d; 15 d, p < 0.01), and IgM (15 d, p < 0. 001) were higher in the EUE group. Dietary EUE could also reduce chick organ damage. Overall, EUE as a natural feed additive can improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune level, and reduce the organ damage of cold-stressed chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.H.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Lei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.H.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops, Xingyi 562400, China
| | - Minxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.H.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Liu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.H.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Degang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.H.); (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang 550006, China
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Hussain T, Murtaza G, Metwally E, Kalhoro DH, Kalhoro MS, Rahu BA, Sahito RGA, Yin Y, Yang H, Chughtai MI, Tan B. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Balance in Pregnancy. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9962860. [PMID: 34616234 PMCID: PMC8490076 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9962860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely known that oxidative stress disrupts the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system in the body. During pregnancy, the physiological generation of ROS is involved in a variety of developmental processes ranging from oocyte maturation to luteolysis and embryo implantation. While abnormal overproduction of ROS disrupts these processes resulting in reproductive failure. In addition, excessive oxidative stress impairs maternal and placental functions and eventually results in fetal loss, IUGR, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Although some oxidative stress is inevitable during pregnancy, a balancing act between oxidant and antioxidant production is necessary at different stages of the pregnancy. The review aims to highlight the importance of maintaining oxidative and antioxidant balance throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, we highlight the role of oxidative stress in pregnancy-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Elsayed Metwally
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dildar Hussain Kalhoro
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Baban Ali Rahu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | | | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Muhammad Ismail Chughtai
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
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The Role of Polyphenols in Regulation of Heat Shock Proteins and Gut Microbiota in Weaning Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6676444. [PMID: 34531940 PMCID: PMC8440081 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is the natural residents of the intestinal ecosystem which display multiple functions that provide beneficial effects on host physiology. Disturbances in gut microbiota in weaning stress are regulated by the immune system and oxidative stress-related protein pathways. Weaning stress also alters gut microbiota response, limits digestibility, and influences animal productive performance through the production of inflammatory molecules. Heat shock proteins are the molecular chaperones that perform array functions from physiological to pathological point of view and remodeling cellular stress response. As it is involved in the defense mechanism, polyphenols ensure cellular tolerance against enormous stimuli. Polyphenols are nature-blessed compounds that show their existence in plenty of amounts. Due to their wider availability and popularity, they can exert strong immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Their promising health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in different cellular and animal studies. Dietary interventions with polyphenols may alter the gut microbiome response and attenuate the weaning stress related to inflammation. Further, polyphenols elicit health-favored effects through ameliorating inflammatory processes to improve digestibility and thereby exert a protective effect on animal production. Here, in this article, we will expand the role of dietary polyphenol intervention strategies in weaning stress which perturbs gut microbiota function and also paid emphasis to heat shock proteins in gut health. This review article gives new direction to the feed industry to formulate diet containing polyphenols which would have a significant impact on animal health.
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Acar A. In vivo toxicological assessment of diquat dibromide: cytotoxic, genotoxic, and biochemical approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47550-47561. [PMID: 33893917 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diquat dibromide is a comprehensive herbicide commonly used in the cultivation of cotton, soybeans, and other crops to combat unwanted weeds. In this study, the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of diquat dibromide was determined 60 mg/L in the Allium root growth inhibition test. ½ × EC50 (30 mg/L), EC50 (60 mg/L), and 2 × EC50 (120 mg/L) concentrations of diquat dibromide were applied to Allium cepa L. bulbs for 72 h to investigate the dose-dependent toxic effects. To determine the toxic effects cytogenetic, biochemical and physiological parameters were used. Physiological effects were investigated by determination of the percentage of rooting, relative injury rate, root length, and weight gain. Genetic effects were evaluated by the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), micronucleus (MN) formation, mitotic index (MI) rate, and comet assay. Biochemical parameters were evaluated with antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation by determining malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione (GSH) level. Also, chlorophyll pigment contents (a, b, and total) in green leaves were calculated to elucidate the effect of diquat dibromide on plants and the biosphere. The findings show that increasing doses of diquat dibromide caused a decrease in all physiological parameters and MI ratio, promoting MN and CAs and tail DNA formation in genetic parameters. It was determined by the increases in MDA level, SOD, and CAT activities and decreases in GSH levels that diquat dibromide administration caused oxidative stress depending on the dose. Also, chlorophyll pigment levels (a, b, and total) measured in leaf tissues decreased with the application dose. Considering that the toxic effects caused by diquat dibromide and that organisms other than unwanted plants will be exposed during the application, its use should be abandoned and biocontrol methods should be used instead. In cases where use is compulsory, doses that will not harm the environment and organisms should be determined and used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Acar
- Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
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Upadhaya SD, Kim IH. The Impact of Weaning Stress on Gut Health and the Mechanistic Aspects of Several Feed Additives Contributing to Improved Gut Health Function in Weanling Piglets-A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082418. [PMID: 34438875 PMCID: PMC8388735 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current review aimed to provide an overview on the problems associated with weaning with a special focus on gut health, and also highlighted the nutritional approach using different kinds of feed additives and their mechanistic aspects in mitigating production inefficiencies and gut health dysfunction in weanling pigs. Abstract Newly weaned pig encounters psychosocial, physical, and nutritional stressors simultaneously when their immune system is not fully developed. These stressors have a cumulative effect on the immune response that contributes to the post-weaning growth lag which is characterized by depression in feed intake, reduced or negative growth rates, and increased susceptibility to pathogens in the first 24 to 48 h post-weaning. Consequently, the intestinal integrity, and digestive and absorptive capacity are impaired, and there is an increase in intestinal oxidative stress. It also causes the shifts in the taxonomic and functional properties of intestinal microbiome abruptly, thereby adversely affecting the health and performance of animals. It has been suggested that the effects of weaning stress on immune functions, intestinal barrier functions, and nervous system function in early weaned pigs extends into adulthood. The inclusion of different types of feed additives into the diet have been reported to alleviate the negative effects of weaning stress. The objective of this paper was to provide an overview on how the weaning stress affects gut health and the impact it has on production efficiencies, as well as the mechanistic aspects of several feed additives applied in reducing the weaning associated gut health problems and performance inefficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-550-3652; Fax: +82-41-565-2949
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21
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Wang S, Bai M, Xu K, Shao Y, Yang Z, Xiong X, Huang R, Li Y, Liu H. Effects of Coated Cysteamine on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Weaned Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082217. [PMID: 34438677 PMCID: PMC8388385 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of dietary coated cysteamine on oxidative stress and inflammation in diquat-induced weaning pigs. Twenty-four pigs were randomly assigned to three dietary groups with eight replicates: the control (fed base diet), diquat (fed base diet), and coated cysteamine + diquat groups (fed 80 mg/kg cysteamine). The experiment was conducted for 21 d, and consisted of a pre-starter period (14 d) and a starter period (7 d). Coated cysteamine treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) the final weight and average daily gain (ADG) in pigs. The contents of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), immunoglobulin G (IgG), serine (Ser), and isoleucine (Ile) were elevated (p < 0.05) while the contents of albumin (ALB) and aspartic acid (Asp) were reduced (p < 0.05) in the serum after coated cysteamine supplementation. Coated cysteamine supplementation resulted in greater (p < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA in the colon, and the CuSOD mRNA expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05) and colon (p = 0.073). Coated cysteamine supplementation showed an increasing trend in villus height (p = 0.060), villus height/crypt depth (V/C) (p = 0.056), the expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA (p = 0.061), and Occludin mRNA (p = 0.074) in the jejunum. In summary, dietary supplementation with coated cysteamine improves the intestinal barrier function of the jejunum by increasing the immunoglobulin content and the relative expression of intestinal immune factor mRNA in pigs while alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions caused by diquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miaomiao Bai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Kang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Yirui Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Zhe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Xia Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Ruilin Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Yao Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.L.)
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Xun W, Fu Q, Shi L, Cao T, Jiang H, Ma Z. Resveratrol protects intestinal integrity, alleviates intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating AhR/Nrf2 pathways in weaned piglets challenged with diquat. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107989. [PMID: 34303281 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of resveratrol (RES) on intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, intestinal inflammation, and barrier function in weaned piglets challenged with diquat (DIQ). Thirty weaned piglets were randomly assigned to 5 treatments: non-challenged group (CON), DIQ-challenged group (DIQ), and DIQ-challenged group with 10, 30, or 90 mg/kg of RES, respectively. The trail lasted 21 days, and piglets were intraperitoneally injected with DIQ or the same amount of saline on day 15. The results showed that supplementation with 90 mg/kg RES increased (P < 0.05) jejunal villus height and villus height: crypt depth ratio, and decreased (P < 0.05) crypt depth, plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) compared with the DIQ group. Piglets fed with 30 or 90 mg/kg RES prevented the diquat-induced decrease (P < 0.05) of mRNA expression of occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1, and IL-10, and increase (P < 0.05) of TNF-α mRNA expression. Moreover, addition of 90 mg/kg RES increased (P < 0.05) the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and decreased (P < 0.05) the MDA levels in jejunal mucosa compared with the DIQ group. Finally, addition of 90 mg/kg RES enhanced (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GPx1, and HO-1, and increased (P < 0.05) mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, NQO1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and cytochrome P450 family 1 member A1 (CYP1A1). These data indicated that supplementation with 90 mg/kg RES was effective in protecting the intestinal integrity, alleviating intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress by activating AhR/Nrf2 pathways in diquat-challenged piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xun
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction, and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Qingyao Fu
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction, and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Liguang Shi
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, PR China
| | - Ting Cao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, PR China
| | - Hongzheng Jiang
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction, and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction, and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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Azad MAK, Wang H, Yang H, Tan B, Zhou S, Guan G. Effects of dietary carboxymethyl pachyman on oxidative stress and inflammation in weaned piglets challenged with diquat. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Yang C, Lim W, Song G. Mechanisms of deleterious effects of some pesticide exposure on pigs. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 175:104850. [PMID: 33993968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the size of the global population increases the food and energy demand, making the use of pesticides in agricultural and livestock industries unavoidable. Exposure to pesticides can be toxic to the non-target species, such as humans, wildlife, and livestock, in addition to the target organisms. Various chemicals are used in the livestock industry to control harmful organisms, such as insects, weeds, and parasites. Pigs are one of the most important food sources for humans. In addition, pigs can be used as promising models for assessing the risk of absorption of environmental pollutants through the skin and oral exposure since they are physiologically similar to humans. Exposure to numerous environmental pollutants, such as mycotoxins, persistent organic pollutants, and heavy metals, has been reported to adversely affect growth, fertility, and endocrine homeostasis in pigs. Various pesticides have been observed in porcine tissues, blood, urine, and processed foods; however, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of their effects on porcine health. This review provides a comprehensive description of the characteristics of pesticides that pigs can be exposed to and how their exposure affects porcine reproductive function, intestinal health, and endocrine homeostasis in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Liao W, Zhao S, Yang Z, Yang W, Huang L, Liu F, Liu M, Ge J, Wang Y, Jiang S. Illicium verum and Eucommia ulmoides leaf extracts promote nutrient availability and antioxidant capacity in piglets by upregulating duodenal and jejunal Nrf2/TNF-α. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:916-926. [PMID: 33769629 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Illicium verum extracts (IVE) or Eucommia ulmoides leaf extracts (ELE) on nutrient availability, duodenal and jejunal antioxidant ability of Duroc ×Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) and Chinese native Licha-black (LCB) piglets was investigated. Ninety-six piglets (48 DLY and 48 LCB respectively) without significant difference in body weight (11.22 ± 0.32 kg) were used in a 2 × 4 factorial design. Animals were randomly allocated to four treatments, and each had four replicates with three DLY and three LCB piglets. Treatments were basal diet (CON) and basal diet with 500 mg/kg IVE, 250 mg/kg ELE and 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (CHL) respectively. Animals were placed individually for 7-days adaptation following 42-days test. Results showed the significant interaction (p < 0.05) between dietary treatments and pig species in activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and α-tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2/TNF-α at mRNA and protein level in duodenum and jejunum of DLY and LCB piglets. The IVE and ELE increased (p < 0.05) activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD, and the Nrf2/TNF-α at mRNA and protein level, however, the decreased (p < 0.05) MDA content, and TNF-α at mRNA and protein level in duodenum and jejunum were observed. The CHL decreased (p < 0.05) activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD, TNF-α and Nrf2 at mRNA and protein level in duodenum, but increased (p < 0.05) MDA content and Nrf2/TNF-α in jejunum. DLY piglets had higher (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility (organic matter, crude protein and gross energy), availability (biological value and net protein utilization), MDA content, and TNF-α at mRNA and protein level in jejunum, and had lower (p < 0.05) activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD, and Nrf2 and Nrf2/TNF-α at mRNA and protein level in duodenum and jejunum than LCB. In conclusion, the 500 mg/kg IVE and 250 mg/kg ELE improved the nutrient availability, and the improvement of antioxidant capacity is realized by activating the Nrf2/TNF-α of duodenum and jejunum. The CHL had adverse effects on antioxidant ability of DLY and LCB piglets. The results showed that the nutrient digestion and absorption capacity of DLY were stronger than that of LCB piglets, but the antioxidant capacity was lower than that of LCB piglets. Therefore, the IVE and ELE are recommended as a new potential alternative to antibiotics in piglets' diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuang Liao
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Jiaozhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center, Jiaozhou, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zaibin Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiren Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Libo Huang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Faxiao Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinshan Ge
- Shandong Zhongcheng Feed Technology Co., Ltd, Feicheng City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
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26
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Koo B, Amarakoon SB, Jayaraman B, Siow YL, Prashar S, Shang Y, Karmin O, Nyachoti CM. Effects of dietary red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) on growth performance, blood profile, ileal morphology, and oxidative status in weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli K88+. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2019-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 28 piglets weaned at 21 d of age (6.94 ± 0.28 kg of body weight) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments for 14 d: (1) negative control (NC; a corn–wheat–soybean meal diet), (2) positive control [PC; NC + 0.025% antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP)], (3) ROD2 [2% red-osier dogwood (ROD)], and (4) ROD4 (4% ROD). All pigs were orally inoculated with Escherichia coli K88+ on day 8. The pre-planned orthogonal test was performed to compare (1) NC vs. PC and (2) NC vs. ROD. The inclusion of ROD in a nursery diet increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the serum. Moreover, pigs fed with ROD diets had shallower (P < 0.05) crypt depth and higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than those fed the NC diet. Dietary AGP supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) the MDA concentration in the ileum and serum at 24 h after challenge, and improved (P < 0.01) the SOD activities in the serum. In conclusion, the inclusion of ROD in a nursery diet enhanced the antioxidative defense system and intestinal morphology, showing comparable effects with AGP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonjin Koo
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sirini Budhika Amarakoon
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | | | - Yaw L. Siow
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Suvira Prashar
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Yue Shang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - O. Karmin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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Xun W, Fu Q, Hou G, Shi L, Cao T. Protective effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation against oxidative stress in diquat-challenged piglets. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1851148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Danzhou, PR China
| | - Qingyao Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Danzhou, PR China
| | - Liguang Shi
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Danzhou, PR China
| | - Ting Cao
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Danzhou, PR China
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Yuan D, Wang J, Xiao D, Li J, Liu Y, Tan B, Yin Y. Eucommia ulmoides Flavones as Potential Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in a Low-Protein Diet Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Health in Weaning Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1998. [PMID: 33143126 PMCID: PMC7694009 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides flavones (EUF) have been demonstrated to attenuate the inflammation and oxidative stress of piglets. This study aimed to test whether EUF could be used as an alternative antibiotic growth promoter to support growth performance and maintain intestinal health in weanling piglets. Weaned piglets (n = 480) were assigned into three groups and fed with a low-protein basal diet (NC), or supplementation with antibiotics (PC) or 0.01% EUF (EUF). Blood, intestinal contents, and intestine were collected on days 15 and 35 after weaning. The results showed the PC and EUF supplementations increased (p < 0.05) body weight on day 35, average daily gain and gain: feed ratio from day 15 to day 35 and day 0 to day 35, whereas decreased (p < 0.05) the diarrhea index of weanling piglets. EUF treatment increased (p < 0.05) jejunal villus height: crypt depth ratio, jejunal and ileal villus height, and population of ileal lactic acid bacteria on day 15 but decreased (p < 0.05) the population of ileal coliform bacteria on day 15 and day 35. These findings indicated the EUF, as the potential alternative to in-feed antibiotic growth promoter, could improve growth performance and intestinal morphology, and decrease colonization of coliform bacteria and diarrhea index in weanling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daixiu Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China; (D.X.); (B.T.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Dingfu Xiao
- Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China; (D.X.); (B.T.)
| | - Jiefeng Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Bie Tan
- Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China; (D.X.); (B.T.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
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Wang M, Huang H, Hu Y, Liu Y, Zeng X, Zhuang Y, Yang H, Wang L, Chen S, Yin L, He S, Zhang S, Li X, He S. Effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extract mixture on growth performance, organ weight and intestinal morphology in weaning piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1462-1470. [PMID: 32776662 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many countries are increasingly prohibiting the addition of antibiotics in livestock diets. Therefore, herb extracts have gradually drawn attention to substitute antibiotics. Our present study aimed to determine the effects of herbal extract mixture (HEM) in dietary on growth performance, organ weight, intestinal morphology and intestinal nutrient transporters in weaned pigs. METHODS 27 piglets (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire]; Body Weight (BW) = 5.99 ± 0.13 kg) were weaned at day 21 and randomly divided into three groups (n = 9 piglets/group). All piglets received a basal diet containing similar amounts of nutrients for 14 days. The three groups were the control (no additive), the antibiotics (375 mg/kg chlortetracycline, 20%, 500 mg/kg enramycin, 4%, 1,500 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium, 50%) and the HEM group (1000 mg/kg extract mixture of golden-and-silver honeysuckle, huangqi, duzhong leaves and dangshen). After 14 d of treatment, we collected tissue samples to measure organ weight, intestinal parameters, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal mRNA expression of nutrient transporters. RESULTS The HEM group had no effects on growth performance and organ weight of weaned pigs. But compared with the control group, both HEM and antibiotics improved intestinal morphology, and HEM elevated the expression of nutrient transporters in ileum (SLC6A9, SLC15A1, and SLC5A1). HEM significantly decreased the activities of maltase in ileum and the ratio of small intestinal weight to BW than control group. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate benefit effects of the supplementation of HEM in diet, including modulating intestinal morphology and increasing the mRNA expression of nutrients transporters. These findings suggest that HEM provides novel insights into a variety of herbal extract mixtures to replace antibiotics in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Yangping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Lanmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
| | - Shengwen He
- Anhui Tianan Biotechnology Company Limited, Luan City, Anhui, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Yunnan Yin Yulong Academician Workstation, Yunnan Xinan Tianyou Animal Husbandry Technology Company Limited, Kunming City, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- Yunnan Yin Yulong Academician Workstation, Yunnan Xinan Tianyou Animal Husbandry Technology Company Limited, Kunming City, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanping He
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan, China
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Piceatannol Ameliorates Hepatic Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction of Weaned Piglets Challenged with Diquat. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071239. [PMID: 32708214 PMCID: PMC7401537 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In our experiment, piglets in two challenged groups were orally administrated either piceatannol or another vehicle solution, and then injected with diquat, a bipyridyl herbicide that can cause a large amount of reactive oxygen species in animal bodies and is widely used to cause oxidative stress, to investigate the effects of piceatannol on hepatic redox status, mitochondrial function and the underlying mechanism. A control group was given neither piceatannol supplementation nor diquat injection. Results showed that piceatannol could improve hepatic redox status, preserve mitochondrial function, and prevent excessive apoptosis of liver cells. In addition, piceatannol might exert its protective effects through a classic antioxidant signaling pathway named Nrf2. Our findings indicated that piceatannol might be an appropriate candidate for further development as an antioxidant food supplement to minimize the risk of oxidative stress in young animals. Abstract The liver is an organ that produces large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Human infants or piglets are prone to oxidative damage due to their uncompleted development of the antioxidant system, causing liver disease. Piceatannol (PIC) has been found to have significant antioxidant effects. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of PIC on the liver in piglets experiencing oxidative stress caused by diquat (DQ). After weaning, 54 male piglets (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire]) were selected and randomly divided into three treatment groups: the CON group, the DQ-CON group, and the DQ-PIC group. The two challenged groups were injected with DQ and then orally administrated either PIC or another vehicle solution, while the control group was given sterile saline injections and an orally administrated vehicle solution. Compared to the results of the CON group, DQ increased the percentage of apoptosis cells in the liver, also decreased the amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, activities of mitochondrial complex I, II, III, and V, and the protein expression level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were inhibited by DQ. Furthermore, PIC supplementation inhibited the apoptosis of hepatic cells caused by DQ. PIC also decreased MDA levels and increased the amount of GSH. Piglets given PIC supplementation exhibited increased activities of mitochondrial complex I, II, III, and V, the protein expression level of SIRT1, and the ATP production in the liver. In conclusion, PIC affected the liver of piglets by improving redox status, preserving mitochondrial function, and preventing excessive apoptosis.
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Wen C, Li F, Guo Q, Zhang L, Duan Y, Wang W, Li J, He S, Chen W, Yin Y. Protective effects of taurine against muscle damage induced by diquat in 35 days weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:56. [PMID: 32514342 PMCID: PMC7268319 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a key factor that influences piglets’ health. Taurine plays an imperative role in keeping the biological system from damage. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of taurine against muscle injury due to the secondary effect of diquat toxicity. Results Our study found that taurine effectively and dose-dependently alleviated the diquat toxicity induced rise of feed/gain, with a concurrent improvement of carcass lean percentage. The plasma content of taurine was considerably increased in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, dietary taurine efficiently improved the activity of plasma antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, taurine attenuated muscle damage by restoring mitochondrial micromorphology, suppressing protein degradation and reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells in the skeletal muscle. Taurine supplementation also suppressed the genes expression levels of the antioxidant-, mitochondrial biogenesis-, and muscle atrophy-related genes in the skeletal muscle of piglets with oxidative stress. Conclusions These results showed that the dose of 0.60% taurine supplementation in the diet could attenuate skeletal muscle injury induced by diquat toxicity. It is suggested that taurine could be a potential nutritional intervention strategy to improve growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
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Wen C, Guo Q, Wang W, Duan Y, Zhang L, Li J, He S, Chen W, Li F. Taurine Alleviates Intestinal Injury by Mediating Tight Junction Barriers in Diquat-Challenged Piglet Models. Front Physiol 2020; 11:449. [PMID: 32547405 PMCID: PMC7270355 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intestinal barrier contributes as an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Oxidative stress can cause critical damages in intestinal integrity of animals. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the alleviated effect of taurine against small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) injury induced by oxidative stress. Methods: The piglet model of diquat-induced oxidative stress was employed. In addition, analysis of intestinal morphology, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and Western blot were used in this study. Results: Compared with the control group (CON), diquat-induced oxidative stress triggers immune response; the content of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was significantly changed, but 0.60% taurine supplementation could restore the level of serum immunoglobulin. Oxidative stress induces serious damage in intestinal morphology structure and tight junction barrier. Compared with the CON, the villus height of intestine was significantly decreased, the crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth (V/C) were also decreased, and 0.60% taurine supplementation could restore impaired morphology and even improve crypt depth and V/C of the jejunum and ileum. Compared with the CON, oxidative stress markedly increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of claudin-1 and occludin in the duodenum, and the value of occludin was significantly decreased in the jejunum of the diquat group (DIQ). Relative to the DIQ, 0.60% taurine supplementation increased the mRNA expression level of claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in the ileum. Compared with the CON, the expression of claudin-1 protein was significantly upregulated, and occludin and ZO-1 protein were both downregulated in the small intestine of DIQ. Conclusion: Taurine exerts protective effects by regulating immune response and restores the intestinal tight junction barrier when piglets suffer from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhang H, Wang T. Pterostilbene as a protective antioxidant attenuates diquat-induced liver injury and oxidative stress in 21-day-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3158-3167. [PMID: 32475452 PMCID: PMC7597657 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of pterostilbene (PT) supplementation on growth performance, hepatic injury, and antioxidant variables in a broiler chicken model with diquat (DQ)-induced oxidative stress. There were 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups: 1) broilers fed a basal diet and 2) broilers fed a diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg PT. At 20 D of age, half of the broilers in each group were intraperitoneally injected with DQ (20 mg per kg BW), whereas the other half were injected with an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Diquat induced a rapid loss of BW (P < 0.001) 24 h post-injection, but dietary PT supplementation improved the BW change of broilers (P = 0.014). Compared with unchallenged controls, the livers of DQ-treated broilers were in severe cellular damage and oxidative stress, with the presence of higher plasma transaminase activities (P < 0.05), a greater number of apoptotic hepatocytes (P < 0.001), and an increased malondialdehyde content (P = 0.007). Pterostilbene supplementation prevented the increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity (P = 0.001), the percentage of hepatocyte apoptosis (P < 0.001), and the hepatic malondialdehyde accumulation (P = 0.011) of the DQ-treated broilers. Regarding the hepatic antioxidant function, PT significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.007), superoxide dismutase activity (P = 0.016), reduced glutathione content (P = 0.011), and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (P = 0.003), whereas it reduced the concentration of oxidized glutathione (P = 0.017). Pterostilbene also boosted the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (P = 0.010), heme oxygenase 1 (P = 0.037), superoxide dismutase 1 (P = 0.014), and the glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (P = 0.001), irrespective of DQ challenge. In addition, PT alleviated DQ-induced adenosine triphosphate depletion (P = 0.010). In conclusion, PT attenuates DQ-induced hepatic injury and oxidative stress of broilers presumably by restoring hepatic antioxidant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Li M, Yuan D, Liu Y, Jin H, Tan B. Dietary Puerarin Supplementation Alleviates Oxidative Stress in the Small Intestines of Diquat-Challenged Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040631. [PMID: 32272553 PMCID: PMC7222835 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The oxidant stress which piglets suffer from during the weaning period has caused huge losses to the pig farm industry. It is important for scientists to find an effective way to alleviate the oxidant stress in weaned piglets. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that dietary puerarin supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat-challenged piglets. Interestingly, dietary puerarin supplementation improved intestinal morphology, cell proliferation, barrier function, and increased Nrf2 and its downstream enzymes in diquat-challenged piglets, which shows that puerarin has potent protective effects against diquat-induced oxidative stress. These findings will be very beneficial to the pig industry, especially to the development of antibiotic-free diets, new anti-inflammatory drugs and the application of puerarin in piglets. Abstract This study was conducted to demonstrate that dietary puerarin supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat-challenged piglets. The results showed that puerarin administration markedly alleviated diquat-induced intestinal injury, which was indicated by the improvement of intestinal morphology, cell proliferation and barrier function. One of the potential mechanisms responsible for this was the decrease in oxidative stress, as evidenced by the increase in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the small intestine. Puerarin increased the protein expression levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream enzymes, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic and its modifier subunit (GCLc and GCLm) in the jejunal mucosa of diquat-induced piglets. Puerarin administration improved intestinal morphology, cell proliferation, and barrier function, and increased Nrf2 and its downstream enzymes. These findings indicate that the dietary supplementation of puerarin attenuates the oxidative stress involving Nrf2 signaling pathways in diquat-challenged piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (M.L.); (H.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Daixu Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China;
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Hui Jin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (M.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (M.L.); (H.J.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-511-611-0998
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Flavonoids and type 2 diabetes: Evidence of efficacy in clinical and animal studies and delivery strategies to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104629. [PMID: 31918019 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder develops due to the overproduction of free radicals where oxidative stress could contribute it. Possible factors are defective insulin signals, glucose oxidation, and degradation of glycated proteins as well as alteration in glutathione metabolism which induced hyperglycemia. Previous studies revealed a link between T2DM with oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance which are assumed to be regulated by numerous cellular networks such as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, GSK3 and PPARγ. Flavonoids are ubiquitously present in the nature and classified according to their chemical structures for example, flavonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanidins, flavanones, and isoflavones. Flavonoids indicate poor bioavailability which could be improved by employing various nano-delivery systems against the occurrences of T2DM. These bioactive compounds exert versatile anti-diabetic activities via modulating targeted cellular signaling networks, thereby, improving glucose metabolism, α -glycosidase, and glucose transport or aldose reductase by carbohydrate metabolic pathway in pancreatic β-cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes and skeletal myofibres. Moreover, anti-diabetic properties of flavonoids also encounter diabetic related complications. This review article has designed to shed light on the anti-diabetic potential of flavonoids, contribution of oxidative stress, evidence of efficacy in clinical, cellular and animal studies and nano-delivery approaches to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. This article might give some new insights for therapeutic intervention against T2DM in near future.
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Martínez G, Diéguez SN, Fernández Paggi MB, Riccio MB, Pérez Gaudio DS, Rodríguez E, Amanto FA, Tapia MO, Soraci AL. Effect of fosfomycin, Cynara scolymus extract, deoxynivalenol and their combinations on intestinal health of weaned piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2019; 5:386-395. [PMID: 31890916 PMCID: PMC6920400 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Weaning is a challenging stage of pig farming. Animals undergo environmental, social and dietary changes leading to weaning stress syndrome. In order to compensate for the detrimental effects of weaning stress, antibiotics and natural extracts are used as feed additives, sometimes without fully understanding the interactions between them or even with low concentrations of mycotoxins that are frequently present in feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fosfomycin (FOS), Cynara scolymus extract (CSE), deoxynivalenol (DON) and their combined administration on intestinal health of weaned piglets. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 3 factors (FOS, CSE and DON treatments), 2 levels each (presence and absence) and 3 repeats. Weaned piglets (n = 24) were randomly divided in groups to receive the different treatments, namely DON administered in diet (50 μg/kg BW), FOS administered into the drinking water (30 mg/kg BW), CSE administered in diet (15 mg/kg BW) and all their combinations. After 15 d, the animals were euthanized and gastrointestinal tract samples were immediately taken to evaluate gastrointestinal pH, Enterobacteriaceae to lactic acid bacteria (E:L) ratio, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, disaccharidase (lactase, sucrase and maltase) activity, histology (intestinal absorptive area [IAA] and goblet cells count) and mucus ability to adhere pathogenic Escherichia coli. From our results, FOS and CSE treatments, individually or combined, produced a lower E:L ratio, an enhanced production of butyrate, increased disaccharidase activity (particularly maltase), and a greater IAA and goblet cells count along with an increase in pathogenic bacteria adherence to intestinal mucus. Deoxynivalenol did not show interactions with the other factors and its administration produced decreases on VFA, disaccharidase activity and goblet cells count. In conclusion, weaning piglets receiving diets containing FOS, CSE or both exhibited evident beneficial intestinal effects compared to animals receiving diets free from these compounds. On the contrary, the presence of DON at sub-toxic concentrations produced detrimental effects on intestinal health. The knowledge of the physiological and pathological gut changes produced by these compounds contributes to understand their potential productive consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Martínez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Susana N. Diéguez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, B1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B. Fernández Paggi
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área Producción Porcina, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B. Riccio
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Denisa S. Pérez Gaudio
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Edgardo Rodríguez
- Área Estadística, Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián A. Amanto
- Área Producción Porcina, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María O. Tapia
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Alejandro L. Soraci
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Campus Universitario, Tandil, B7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
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Nutritional Regulation of Gut Barrier Integrity in Weaning Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121045. [PMID: 31795348 PMCID: PMC6940750 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Weaning is a very stressful period in the piglet’s life in intensive farming: it is a sudden process occurring between three to four weeks of age, when the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is still immature. The GIT is formed by the epithelial, immune and enteric nervous system which controls epithelial barrier integrity as well as gut functions including the transport of luminal nutrients, water and electrolytes. Early weaning is characterized by a breakdown of these gut functions, an increase in intestinal permeability and the appearance of gastrointestinal functional disorders, which can have long-lasting consequences in the pig’s life. Weaning, therefore, requires the correct level of nutrients, high quality ingredients, and management, which are directed primarily at encouraging rapid feed intake whilst reducing mortality and morbidity. This review describes the organization of the GIT and highlights the interactions between feed components and the morphology and physiology of the epithelial barrier. Novel dietary strategies focused on improving gut health are also discussed, considering the impacts of selected feed ingredients or additives on the GIT such as functional amino acids, phytochemicals and organic acids. Abstract Weaning is very stressful for piglets and leads to alterations in the intestinal barrier, a reduction in nutrient absorption and a higher susceptibility to intestinal diseases with heavy economic losses. This review describes the structures involved in the intestinal barrier: the epithelial barrier, immune barrier and the enteric nervous system. Here, new insights into the interactions between feed components and the physiology and morphology of the epithelial barrier are highlighted. Dietary strategies focused on improving gut health are also described including amino acids, phytochemicals and organic acids.
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Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Protects Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis by Upregulating let-7a Expression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1076512. [PMID: 31827667 PMCID: PMC6885843 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1076512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a causal factor and key promoter of all kinds of reproductive disorders related to granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis that acts by dysregulating the expression of related genes. Various studies have suggested that grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) may protect GCs from oxidative injury, though the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, whether the beneficial effects of GSPB2 are associated with microRNAs, which have been suggested to play a critical role in GC apoptosis by regulating the expression of protein-coding genes, was investigated in this study. The results showed that GSPB2 treatment protected GCs from a H2O2-induced apoptosis, as detected by an MTT assay and TUNEL staining, and increased let-7a expression in GCs. Furthermore, let-7a overexpression markedly increased cell viability and inhibited H2O2-induced GC apoptosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of let-7a reduced the upregulation of Fas expression in H2O2-treated GCs at the mRNA and protein levels. Dual-luciferase reporter assay results indicated that let-7a directly targets the Fas 3′-UTR. Furthermore, the overexpression of let-7a enhanced the protective effects of GSPB2 against GC apoptosis induced by H2O2. These results indicate that GSPB2 inhibits H2O2-induced apoptosis of GCs, possibly through the upregulation of let-7a.
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The Role of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Eucommia ulmoides Flavones Regulating Oxidative Stress in the Intestine of Piglets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9719618. [PMID: 31565157 PMCID: PMC6745127 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9719618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides flavones (EUF) have been demonstrated to alleviate oxidative stress and intestinal damage in piglets, but their effect target is still poorly understood. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway plays a very important role in the defense mechanism. This study was designed to investigate the regulation of EUF on the Nrf2 pathway and inhibition of Nrf2 on oxidative stress in the intestine of piglets. An in vivo study was conducted in weaned piglets treated with basal diet, basal diet+diquat, and 100 mg/kg EUF diet+diquat for 14 d to determine Nrf2 and Keap1 protein expressions, as well as downstream antioxidant gene mRNA expression. An in vitro study was performed in a porcine jejunal epithelial cell line to investigate the effect of inhibiting Nrf2 on cell growth and intracellular oxidative stress parameters. The results showed that the supplementation of EUF decreased the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentration and the ratio of GSSG to glutathione (GSH) but increased the protein expressions of nuclear Nrf2 and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) as well as mRNA expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) in the small intestinal mucosa of diquat-challenged piglets. When Nrf2 was inhibited by using ML385, cell viability, cellular antioxidant activities, expressions of nuclear Nrf2 and Keap1 protein, and downstream antioxidant enzyme (HO-1, NQO-1, and GCLC) mRNA were decreased in paraquat-treated enterocytes. These results showed that the Nrf2 signaling pathway played an important role in EUF-regulating oxidative stress in the intestine of piglets.
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Wang Y, Tan X, Li S, Yang S. The total flavonoid of Eucommia ulmoides sensitizes human glioblastoma cells to radiotherapy via HIF-α/MMP-2 pathway and activates intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5515-5524. [PMID: 31371989 PMCID: PMC6633463 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As one of the most common and lethal malignant primary brain tumors, glioblastomas (GBMs) are identified as grade IV neoplasms, the most severe grade, according to WHO classification systems. The outcome of surgery against GBMs is limited since its frequent relapse. Radiotherapy is a crucial and widely used treatment after surgery, while the strong radioresistance of GBM cells still becomes a severe problem of radiotherapy. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is used for the treatment of various diseases, such as lower blood pressure and inflammation. Purpose: To explore the anti-tumor effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. against GBMs. Methods: Dose-viability assays were performed to examine the anti-tumor effect. Would-healing and transwell assays were carried out to evaluate the migration and invasion ability of GBMs. Cell apoptosis was detected by 33, 258 staining, and the expressions of key proteins were examined by western blot. Results: In this study, we confirmed that the inhibitory effect of the total flavonoid of Eucommia ulmoides on proliferation, migration and invasion of human GBM cells. Its favorable effects inspired us to explore the potential ability in enhancing radiosensitivity of GBM cells. The results demonstrated that it could further induce apoptosis during radiotherapy via intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Besides, it could significantly reduce the malondialdehyde level after radiotherapy, which suggested it inhibited tumor cell and protected normal neuronal cells. By examining the expression of important genes of radioresistant pathway, we found a significant decrease of HIF-α/MMP-2 when using the total flavonoid of Eucommia ulmoides during radiotherapy. Conclusion: This result suggests that the enhancement of radiotherapy may be mediated by modulating glucose metabolism of GBMs in HIF-α/MMP-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Caoxian People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Heze, Shandong 274400, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangru Tan
- Department of Neurology, Caoxian People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Heze, Shandong 274400, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Caoxian People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Heze, Shandong 274400, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuilu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Caoxian People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Heze, Shandong 274400, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Li ZX, Yang DD, Liu PQ, Wang ZQ, Zeng YQ, Chen W. Diquat Determines a Deregulation of lncRNA and mRNA Expression in the Liver of Postweaned Piglets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9148535. [PMID: 31214284 PMCID: PMC6535875 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9148535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is detrimental to animals and can depress the growth performance and regulate the gene expression of animals. However, it remains unclear how oxidative stress regulates the expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to explore the profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the liver of piglets under oxidative stress. Here, we constructed a piglet oxidative stress model induced by diquat and evaluated the effects of oxidative stress on the growth performance and antioxidant enzyme activity of piglets. We also used RNA-Seq to examine the global expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in piglets under oxidative stress. The targets of lncRNAs and mRNAs were enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms and signaling pathways. The results show that the growth performance and activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased in piglets under oxidative stress. Moreover, eight lncRNAs (6 upregulated and 2 downregulated) and 30 mRNAs (8 upregulated and 22 downregulated) were differentially expressed in the oxidative stress group of piglets compared to the negative control group. According to biological processes in enriched GO terms, the oxoacid metabolic process, intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, and oxidation-reduction process play important roles in oxidative stress. Pathway analysis showed that the signaling pathways involved in insulin and glucose metabolism had a close relationship with oxidative stress. Further in vitro experiments showed that the expression of the upregulated gene GNMT was significantly increased in primary porcine hepatocytes after diquat stimulation. In contrast, the level of the downregulated gene GCK was significantly decreased at 12 h in primary porcine hepatocytes after diquat stimulation. Our results expand our knowledge of the lncRNAs and mRNAs transcribed in the livers of piglets under oxidative stress and provide a basis for future research on the molecular mechanisms mediating oxidative stress and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Zhi-xin Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Dan-dan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Pei-qi Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Zhi-qiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Yong-qing Zeng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
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Xiong X, Tan B, Song M, Ji P, Kim K, Yin Y, Liu Y. Nutritional Intervention for the Intestinal Development and Health of Weaned Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:46. [PMID: 30847348 PMCID: PMC6393345 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Weaning imposes simultaneous stress, resulting in reduced feed intake, and growth rate, and increased morbidity and mortality of weaned pigs. Weaning impairs the intestinal integrity, disturbs digestive and absorptive capacity, and increases the intestinal oxidative stress, and susceptibility of diseases in piglets. The improvement of intestinal development and health is critically important for enhancing nutrient digestibility capacity and disease resistance of weaned pigs, therefore, increasing their survival rate at this most vulnerable stage, and overall productive performance during later stages. A healthy gut may include but not limited several important features: a healthy proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, an integrated gut barrier function, a preferable or balanced gut microbiota, and a well-developed intestinal mucosa immunity. Burgeoning evidence suggested nutritional intervention are one of promising measures to enhance intestinal health of weaned pigs, although the exact protective mechanisms may vary and are still not completely understood. Previous research indicated that functional amino acids, such as arginine, cysteine, glutamine, or glutamate, may enhance intestinal mucosa immunity (i.e., increased sIgA secretion), reduce oxidative damage, stimulate proliferation of enterocytes, and enhance gut barrier function (i.e., enhanced expression of tight junction protein) of weaned pigs. A number of feed additives are marketed to assist in boosting intestinal immunity and regulating gut microbiota, therefore, reducing the negative impacts of weaning, and other environmental challenges on piglets. The promising results have been demonstrated in antimicrobial peptides, clays, direct-fed microbials, micro-minerals, milk components, oligosaccharides, organic acids, phytochemicals, and many other feed additives. This review summarizes our current understanding of nutritional intervention on intestinal health and development of weaned pigs and the importance of mechanistic studies focusing on this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xiong
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kwangwook Kim
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Lee HY, Lee GH, Yoon Y, Chae HJ. R. verniciflua and E. ulmoides Extract (ILF-RE) Protects against Chronic CCl₄-Induced Liver Damage by Enhancing Antioxidation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020382. [PMID: 30759889 PMCID: PMC6412399 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the protective effects of R. verniciflua extract (ILF-R) and E. ulmoides extract (ILF-E), the combination called ILF-RE, against chronic CCl4-induced liver oxidative injury in rats, as well as to investigate the mechanism underlying hepatoprotection by ILF-RE against CCl4-induced hepatic dysfunction. Chronic hepatic stress was induced via intraperitoneal (IP) administration of a mixture of CCl4 (0.2 mL/100 g body weight) and olive oil [1:1(v/v)] twice a week for 4 weeks to rats. ILF-RE was administered orally at 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg to rats for 4 weeks. Alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and lipid peroxidation assays were performed, and total triglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were quantified. Furthermore, ER stress and lipogenesis-related gene expression including sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and P-AMPK were assessed. ILF-RE markedly protected against liver damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity including glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. Furthermore, hepatic dyslipidemia was regulated after ILF-RE administration. Moreover, hepatic lipid accumulation and its associated lipogenic genes, including those encoding SREBP-1 and FAS, were regulated after ILF-RE administration. This was accompanied by regulation of ER stress response signaling, suggesting a mechanism underlying ILF-RE-mediated hepatoprotection against lipid accumulation. The present results indicate that ILF-RE exerts hepatoprotective effects against chronic CCl4-induced dysfunction by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress and lipogenesis, suggesting that ILF-RE is a potential preventive/therapeutic natural product in treating hepatoxicity and associated dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-180, Korea.
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-180, Korea.
| | - Young Yoon
- Imsil Cheese & Food Research Institute, Doin 2-gil, Seongsu-myeon, Imsil-gun, Chonbuk 55918, Korea.
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-180, Korea.
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-180, Korea.
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Wang C, Cao S, Zhang Q, Shen Z, Feng J, Hong Q, Lu J, Xie F, Peng Y, Hu C. Dietary Tributyrin Attenuates Intestinal Inflammation, Enhances Mitochondrial Function, and Induces Mitophagy in Piglets Challenged with Diquat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1409-1417. [PMID: 30599507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effects of butyric acid, in the form of tributyrin on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in diquat-challenged pigs. Twenty-four weaned pigs were allocated to four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with the main effects of tributyrin supplementation and diquat challenge. The results showed that supplemental tributyrin increased ( P < 0.05) average daily gain and average daily feed intake of diquat-challenged pigs. Tributyrin elevated ( P < 0.05) the activities of total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase, reduced ( P < 0.05) malondialdehyde content, and increased ( P < 0.05) mRNA levels of copper and zinc superoxide dismutase and manganese-containing superoxide dismutase of diquat-challenged pigs. Tributyrin relieved ( P < 0.05) intestinal inflammation reflected by decreased mRNA abundances of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-6 in the intestine. Tributyrin reduced ( P < 0.05) serum diamine oxidase activity and d-lactate content, increased ( P < 0.05) transepithelial electrical resistance, decreased paracellular flux of dextran (4 kDa), and prevented the diquat-induced decrease ( P < 0.05) in the expressions of claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occludens-1. Tributyrin alleviated ( P < 0.05) diquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction shown by lowered reactive oxygen species, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased adenosine triphosphate content. Furthermore, tributyrin increased ( P < 0.05) expressions of mitophagy proteins (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 and Parkin), and ratio of light chain 3-II to light chain 3-I in intestine. Collectively, tributyrin attenuated oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation, improved mitochondrial function, and induced mitophagy in diquat-challenged pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Wang
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Shuting Cao
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Zhuojun Shen
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Jie Feng
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Qihua Hong
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Fei Xie
- Shanghai Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co. Ltd. , Shanghai 201807 , P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Shanghai Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co. Ltd. , Shanghai 201807 , P.R. China
| | - Caihong Hu
- Animal Science College , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
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Wang M, Huang H, Liu S, Zhuang Y, Yang H, Li Y, Chen S, Wang L, Yin L, Yao Y, He S. Tannic acid modulates intestinal barrier functions associated with intestinal morphology, antioxidative activity, and intestinal tight junction in a diquat-induced mouse model. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31988-31998. [PMID: 35530805 PMCID: PMC9072718 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04943f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The concentration of 2.5 mg kg−1 TA can ameliorate diquat-challenged jejunal injury in mice.
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Involvement of calcium-sensing receptor activation in the alleviation of intestinal inflammation in a piglet model by dietary aromatic amino acid supplementation. Br J Nutr 2018; 120:1321-1331. [PMID: 30375295 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518002891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) represents a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel diseases and strongly prefers aromatic amino acid ligands. We investigated the regulatory effects of dietary supplementation with aromatic amino acids - tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine (TPT) - on the CaSR signalling pathway and intestinal inflammatory response. The in vivo study was conducted with weanling piglets using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a randomised complete block design. Piglets were fed a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with TPT and with or without inflammatory challenge. The in vitro study was performed in porcine intestinal epithelial cell line to investigate the effects of TPT on inflammatory response using NPS-2143 to inhibit CaSR. Dietary supplementation of TPT alleviated histopathological injury and decreased myeloperoxidase activity in intestine challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Dietary supplementation of TPT decreased serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, TNF-α), as well as the mRNA abundances of pro-inflammatory cytokines in intestine but enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and transforming growth factor-β mRNA levels compared with pigs fed control diet and infected by lipopolysaccharide. Supplementation of TPT increased CaSR and phospholipase Cβ2 protein levels, but decreased inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α/β and inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) protein levels in the lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglets. When the CaSR signalling pathway was blocked by NPS-2143, supplementation of TPT decreased the CaSR protein level, but enhanced phosphorylated NF-κB and IκB levels in IPEC-J2 cells. To conclude, supplementation of aromatic amino acids alleviated intestinal inflammation as mediated through the CaSR signalling pathway.
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Cao S, Wu H, Wang C, Zhang Q, Jiao L, Lin F, Hu CH. Diquat-induced oxidative stress increases intestinal permeability, impairs mitochondrial function, and triggers mitophagy in piglets. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1795-1805. [PMID: 29562342 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the influence of diquat-induced oxidative stress on intestinal barrier, mitochondrial function, and the level of mitophagy in piglets. Twelve male Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire 35-d-old pigs (weaned at 21 d of age), with an average body of 9.6 kg, were allotted to two treatments of six piglets each including the challenged group and the control group. The challenged pigs were injected with 100 mg/kg bodyweight diquat and control pigs injected with 0.9% (w/v) NaCl solution. The results showed that diquat injection decreased ADFI and ADG. Diquat decreased (P < 0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increased (P < 0.05) the malondialdehyde concentrations. The lower (P < 0.05) transepithelial electrical resistance and higher (P < 0.05) paracellular permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran 4 kDa were found in diquat challenged piglets. Meanwhile, diquat decreased (P < 0.05) the protein abundance of claudin-1, occluding, and zonula occludens-1 in jejunum compared with the control group. Diquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as demonstrated by increased (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species production and decreased (P < 0.05) membrane potential of intestinal mitochondria. Diquat-injected pigs revealed a decrease (P < 0.05) of mRNA abundance of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and functions, PPARg coactivator-1α, mammalian-silencing information regulator-1, nuclear respiratory factor-1, mt transcription factor A, mt single-strand DNA-binding protein, mt polymerase r, glucokinase, citrate synthase, ATP synthase, and cytochrome coxidase subunit I and V in the jejunum. Diquat induced an increase (P < 0.05) in expression of mitophagy-related proteins, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10-induced putative kinase, and Parkin in the intestinal mitochondria, as well as an enhancement of the ratio of light chain 3-II (LC3-II) to LC3-I content in the jejunal mucosa. These results suggest that oxidative stress disrupted the intestinal barrier, caused mitochondrial dysfunction, and triggered mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Cao
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - ChunChun Wang
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanghui Lin
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong H Hu
- Animal Science College, Zhejiang University, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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Alpinetin exerts anti-colitis efficacy by activating AhR, regulating miR-302/DNMT-1/CREB signals, and therefore promoting Treg differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:890. [PMID: 30166541 PMCID: PMC6117360 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alpinetin, a flavonoid compound extracted from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been demonstrated to exert massive biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and elucidate the potential mechanisms. Alpinetin significantly alleviated colitis in mice, accompanied with restored Th17/Treg balance in colons. In vitro, alpinetin directly promoted Treg differentiation but exerted little effect on Th17 differentiation, and the action was in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. It acted as a potential AhR activator, evidenced by increased expression of CYP1A1, dissociation of AhR/HSP90 complexes, AhR nuclear translocation, XRE-driven luciferase reporter gene and DNA-binding activity of AhR/ARNT/XRE in T cells. Furthermore, alpinetin significantly promoted expression of miR-302 but not others, and restrained expression of DNMT-1 and methylation level of Foxp3 promoter region in CD4+ T cells and colons of colitis mice. However, the association of CREB and Foxp3 promoter region but not expression, nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity of CREB was up-regulated by alpinetin in CD4+ T cells. The relationship of alpinetin-adjusted AhR activation, expressions of miR-302 and DNMT-1, association of CREB and Foxp3 promoter region, and Treg differentiation was confirmed by using CH223191, siAhR, miR-302 inhibitor and pcDNA3.1(+)-mDNMT-1. Finally, CH223191 abolished the amelioration of alpinetin on colitis, induction of Treg cells and regulation of miR-302/DNMT-1/CREB signals in colons of colitis mice. In conclusion, alpinetin ameliorated colitis in mice via activating AhR, regulating miR-302/DNMT-1/CREB signals, therefore promoting Treg differentiation.
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Lv Q, Wang K, Qiao SM, Dai Y, Wei ZF. Norisoboldine, a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, alleviates TNBS-induced colitis in mice, by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:161-174. [PMID: 29576052 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is still uncertain, increasing evidence indicates that the excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome plays a major role. Norisoboldine (NOR), an alkaloid isolated from Radix Linderae, has previously been demonstrated to inhibit inflammation and IL-1β production. The present study was to examine the effect of NOR on colitis and the underlying mechanism related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results showed that NOR alleviated colitis symptom in mice induced by 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Moreover, it significantly reduced expressions of cleaved IL-1β, NLRP3 and cleaved Caspase-1 but not ASC in colons of mice. In THP-1 cells, NOR suppressed the expressions of NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1 and cleaved IL-1β but not ASC induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, NOR could activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in THP-1 cells, inducing CYP1A1 mRNA expression, and promoting dissociation of AhR/HSP90 complexes, association of AhR and ARNT, AhR nuclear translocation, XRE reporter activity and binding activity of AhR/ARNT/XRE. Both siAhR and α-naphthoflavone (α-NF) markedly diminished the inhibition of NOR on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition, NOR elevated Nrf2 level and reduced ROS level in LPS- and ATP-stimulated THP-1 cells, which was reversed by either siAhR or α-NF treatment. Finally, correlations between activation of AhR and attenuation of colitis, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and up-regulation of Nrf2 level in colons were validated in mice with TNBS-induced colitis. Taken together, NOR ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in mice through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via regulating AhR/Nrf2/ROS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Si-Miao Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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