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Sun S, Peng K, Yang B, Yang M, Jia X, Wang N, Zhang Q, Kong D, Du Y. The therapeutic effect of wine-processed Corni Fructus on chronic renal failure in rats through the interference with the LPS/IL-1-mediated inhibition of RXR function. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117511. [PMID: 38036016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Corni Fructus, derived from the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc, is a widely utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with established efficacy in the treatment of diverse chronic kidney diseases. Crude Corni Fructus (CCF) and wine-processed Corni Fructus (WCF) are the main processed forms of Corni Fructus. Generally, TCM is often used after processing (paozhi). Despite the extensive use of processed TCM, the underlying mechanisms of processing for most TCMs have been unclear so far. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, an integrated strategy combined renal metabolomics with proteomics was established and investigated the potential processing mechanisms of CCF or WCF on chronic renal failure (CRF) models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the differences in biochemical parameters and pathological histology were compared to evaluate the effects of CCF and WCF on CRF model rats. Then, the tissue differential metabolites and proteins between CCF and WCF on CRF model rats were screened based on metabolomics and proteomics technology. Concurrently, a combined approach of metabolomics and proteomics was employed to investigate the underlying mechanisms associated with these marker metabolic products and proteins. RESULTS Compared to the MG group, there were 27 distinct metabolites and 143 different proteins observed in the CCF-treatment group, while the WCF-treatment group exhibited 24 distinct metabolites and 379 different proteins. Further, the integration interactions analysis of the protein and lipid metabolite revealed that both WCF and CCF improved tryptophan degradation and LPS/IL-1-mediated inhibition of RXR function. WCF inhibited RXR function more than CCF via the modulation of LPS/IL-1 in the CRF model. Experimental results were validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Notably, the gene expression amount and protein levels of FMO3 and CYP2E1 among 8 genes influenced by WCF were higher compared to CCF. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for further study of Corni Fructus with different processing techniques in CRF. The findings also offer guidance for investigating the mechanism of action of herbal medicines in diseases employing diverse processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China; Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Kenan Peng
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, PR China
| | - Bingkun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Mengxin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Xinming Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China.
| | - Yingfeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, PR China.
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Gao L, Huang X, Deng R, Wu S, Peng Y, Xiong G, Lu J, Liu X. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula alleviates renal fibrosis by restoring NAD+ biosynthesis in vivo and in vitro. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 16:106-128. [PMID: 38157259 PMCID: PMC10817388 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) lack efficacious treatment. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in treating CKD for decades. However, its renoprotective mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine whether JPYSF could delay renal fibrosis progression in CKD by restoring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis. METHODS Adenine-diet feeding was used to model CKD in C57BL/6 mice. JPYSF was orally administered for 4 weeks. Human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) cells were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) with or without JPYSF treatment. Renal function of mice was assessed by serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Renal histopathological changes were assessed using Periodic acid-Schiff and Masson's trichrome staining. Cell viability was assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay. NAD+ concentrations were detected by a NAD+/NADH assay kit. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were employed to examine fibrosis-related proteins and key NAD+ biosynthesis enzymes expression in the CKD kidney and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. RESULTS JPYSF treatment could not only improve renal function and pathological injury but also inhibit renal fibrosis in CKD mice. Additionally, JPYSF reversed fibrotic response in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. Moreover, JPYSF rescued the decreased NAD+ content in CKD mice and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells through restoring expression of key enzymes in NAD+ biosynthesis, including quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1, and nicotinamide riboside kinase 1. CONCLUSIONS JPYSF alleviated renal fibrosis in CKD mice and reversed fibrotic response in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells, which may be related to the restoration of NAD+ biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Ruyu Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Guoliang Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
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Ito S, Yamatani F, Arai Y, Manabe E, Tsujino T. Dimethyl Fumarate Ameliorated Cardiorenal Anemia Syndrome and Improved Overall Survival in Dahl/Salt-Sensitive Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 387:299-305. [PMID: 37857438 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and anemia are known to adversely affect each other. Inflammation is commonly involved in these diseases. Cardiorenal anemia syndrome (CRAS) is the name given to this mutually harmful condition. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of DMF on Dahl/salt-sensitive (DS) rats as a CRAS model. Six-week-old DS rats were divided into three groups: the control group, the high-salt (HS) group, and the HS+DMF group. The HS and HS+DMF groups were fed a high-salt diet (8% NaCl) from 6 weeks of age. In the HS+DMF group, DMF (90 mg/kg per day) was orally administered from 6 to 15 weeks of age. Systolic blood pressure was measured every 2 weeks. The heart and renal injuries were assessed with histopathological analysis. The heart and renal expression of mRNAs was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. DMF significantly improved overall survival, which was shortened by HS in DS rats. Systolic blood pressure increased in the HS group compared with the control group, and DMF tended to suppress this change. DMF ameliorated the cardiac and renal abnormalities confirmed in the HS group by histopathological analysis. Furthermore, the changes in mRNA expressions associated with disease exacerbation in the HS group were suppressed by DMF. DMF also improved anemia. This study suggests that DMF improves overall survival in DS rats through organ-protective effects and is effective against cardiorenal anemia syndrome. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Dimethyl fumarate was found to improve overall survival in Dahl/salt-sensitive rats, associated with its ability to ameliorate anemia and induce cardioprotective and renoprotective effects through anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoyasu Ito
- The Second Division of Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (S.I., F.Y., Y.A., E.M., T.T.) and Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine (E.M., T.T.), Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Fuyuka Yamatani
- The Second Division of Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (S.I., F.Y., Y.A., E.M., T.T.) and Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine (E.M., T.T.), Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuri Arai
- The Second Division of Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (S.I., F.Y., Y.A., E.M., T.T.) and Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine (E.M., T.T.), Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Eri Manabe
- The Second Division of Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (S.I., F.Y., Y.A., E.M., T.T.) and Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine (E.M., T.T.), Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsujino
- The Second Division of Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (S.I., F.Y., Y.A., E.M., T.T.) and Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, School of Medicine (E.M., T.T.), Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
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A Chinese Medicine Compound Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Its Antiapoptosis and Anti-Inflammation Effects in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7841284. [PMID: 35815260 PMCID: PMC9259212 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7841284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin, also known as cis-diamine dichloroplatinum (CDDP), is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug. However, its application is limited by the occurrence of serious nephrotoxicity. Currently, no effective therapy is available for combating CDDP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of Jianpi Yishen Tang (JPYST), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound commonly used to treat chronic kidney disease, against CDDP-induced AKI. In the CDDP + JPYST group, male mice were pretreated with JPYST (18.35 g/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days before receiving a single dose of CDDP (20 mg/kg), all mice were sacrificed 72 h after the CDDP injection. Results showed that JPYST suppressed CDDP-induced kidney dysfunction and tubular damage scores in the mice. Mechanistically, JPYST treatment attenuated CDDP-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis in AKI mice, as manifested by a marked decreased in TUNEL-positive cell counts, downregulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bad and caspase 3, and upregulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in kidney tissues. Meanwhile, JPYST decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the serum and renal tissues of mice following CDDP administration. These factors are involved in suppressing the activation of phospho-NF-κB p65 in tubular epithelial cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that JPYST exerts renoprotective effects against CDDP-induced AKI through antiapoptosis and anti-inflammation effects, and these are associated with downregulation of NF-κB activation. Therefore, JPYST has potential for development of treatment therapies against CDDP-induced AKI.
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Liu X, Deng R, Chen Y, Huang S, Lu J, Zheng L, Xiong G, Li S. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Formula Improves Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease via Regulating Tryptophan Metabolism and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922707. [PMID: 35865941 PMCID: PMC9294467 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important complementary and alternative branch of chronic kidney disease (CKD) therapy. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) is a TCM formula used for treating CKD with good efficacy. However, the underlying mechanisms of JPYSF in treating CKD remain to be elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the renoprotective effect and potential mechanism of JPYSF in treating CKD. CKD rat model was induced by feeding a diet containing 0.75% w/w adenine for 4 weeks. JPYSF was given by gavage every day, starting from the 3rd week of the adenine-containing diet and continuing for 4 weeks at the dose of 10.89 g/kg. Renal injury was evaluated by serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), histopathology, and fibrotic markers expression. Serum levels of tryptophan metabolites were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling was tested by Western blot analysis. The results found that JPYSF treatment significantly lowered Scr and BUN levels, improved renal pathological injury, and down-regulated fibrotic markers expression in CKD rats. Furthermore, JPYSF significantly reduced the levels of 10 tryptophan metabolites in the serum of CKD rats and restored the level of tryptophan. Additionally, the kidney expression of AHR signaling was enhanced in CKD rats and was further suppressed in JPYSF treated rats. These results suggested that JPYSF protected against adenine-induced CKD via modulating tryptophan metabolism and AHR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhui Liu, ; Guoliang Xiong, ; Shunmin Li,
| | - Ruyu Deng
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulian Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoliang Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhui Liu, ; Guoliang Xiong, ; Shunmin Li,
| | - Shunmin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhui Liu, ; Guoliang Xiong, ; Shunmin Li,
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Zhao Y, Li X, Wang F, Huang S, Du H, Li S, Chen J. Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification Strategies to Illustrate the Mechanism of Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Formula in Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:873023. [PMID: 35656312 PMCID: PMC9152215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.873023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been recommended to treat renal fibrosis for decades. Previous studies had shown that JPYSF could inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important regulatory role in renal fibrosis. However, the mechanism of JPYSF action is largely unknown. In this study, network pharmacology and experimental verification were combined to elucidate and identify the potential mechanism of JPYSF against renal fibrosis by suppressing EMT at molecular and pathway levels. Network pharmacology was first performed to explore the mechanism of JPYSF against renal fibrosis targeting EMT, and then a 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx)-induced rat model of renal fibrosis was selected to verify the predictive results by Masson’s trichrome stains and western blot analysis. Two hundred and thirty-two compounds in JPYSF were selected for the network approach analysis, which identified 137 candidate targets of JPYSF and 4,796 known therapeutic targets of EMT. The results of the Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis included 2098, 88, and 133 GO terms for biological processes (BPs), molecular functions (MFs), and cell component entries, respectively. The top 10 enrichment items of BP annotations included a response to a steroid hormone, a metal ion, oxygen levels, and so on. Cellular composition (CC) is mainly enriched in membrane raft, membrane microdomain, membrane region, etc. The MF of JPYSF analysis on EMT was predominately involved in proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding, protein heterodimerization activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding, and so on. The involvement signaling pathway of JPYSF in the treatment of renal fibrosis targeting EMT was associated with anti-fibrosis, anti-inflammation, podocyte protection, and metabolism regulation. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments confirmed that JPYSF effectively ameliorated interstitial fibrosis and inhibited the overexpression of α-SMA, Wnt3a, and β-catenin, and increased the expression of E-cadherin by wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway in 5/6 Nx-induced renal fibrosis rats. Using an integrative network pharmacology-based approach and experimental verification, the study showed that JPYSF had therapeutic effects on EMT by regulating multi-pathway, among which one proven pathway was the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway. These findings provide insights into the renoprotective effects of JPYSF against EMT, which could suggest directions for further research of JPYSF in attenuating renal fibrosis by suppressing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangbin Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fochang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanqian Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Yong C, Zhang Z, Huang G, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Qian L, Tian F, Liu L, Wu Q, Xu Z, Chen C, Zhao J, Gao K, Zhou E. Exploring the Critical Components and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Perilla frutescens L. in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease via Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:717744. [PMID: 34899287 PMCID: PMC8662752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.717744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic progressive disease that seriously threatens human health. Some patients will continue to progress into the CKD stage 3–5 (also called chronic renal failure), which is mainly manifested by a decline in renal function and multi-system damage. Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton. (Lamiaceae) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs in CKD, especially in CKD stage 3–5. But its active components and mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we used network pharmacology to analyze the active components of P. frutescens and the main therapeutic targets for intervention in CKD stage 3–5. Then, the key components were selected for enrichment analysis and identified by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). Finally, we verified the critical components through molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. The results show that 19 main active components of P. frutescens were screened, and 108 targets were intersected with CKD stage 3–5. The PPI network was constructed and found that the core nodes AKT1, TP53, IL6, TNF, and MAPK1 may be key therapeutic targets. Enrichment analysis shows that related targets may be involved in regulating various biological functions, and play a therapeutic role in CKD stage 3–5 by regulating apoptosis, T cell receptor, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicates that the key active components were well docked with its corresponding targets. Five active components were identified and quantified by HPLC. According to the results, luteolin was selected as the critical component for further verification. In vitro experiments have shown that luteolin can effectively alleviate adriamycin (ADR)-induced renal tubular apoptosis and suppress AKT and p53 phosphorylation. The effects of luteolin to reduce apoptosis may be mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress and downregulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p53 pathways. In general, we screened and analyzed the possible active components, therapeutic targets and pathways of P. frutescens for treating CKD. Our findings revealed that luteolin can reduce renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and may be the critical component of P. frutescens in the treatment of CKD. It provides references and direction for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yong
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengchun Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, JiangYan Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| | - Guoshun Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiye Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Qian
- Division of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Rugao, Rugao, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qijing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongchi Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Gao
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Enchao Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula enhances perindopril inhibition of chronic kidney disease progression by activation of SIRT3, modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, and antioxidant effects. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229914. [PMID: 34633033 PMCID: PMC8536834 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockade is the mainstay of CKD therapy with limitations. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) is a traditional herbal decoction and has been used for treating CKD for decades. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intervention effects of combined used of perindopril erbumine (PE) and JPYSF on CKD progression and explore their underlying mechanisms. CKD rat model was induced by feeding a diet containing 0.75% w/w adenine for 3 weeks. CKD rats were treated with PE or JPYSF or PE+JPYSF from the induction of CKD and lasted 4 weeks. Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Pathological lesions were observed by Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome staining. The protein expression was tested by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. The morphology of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscope. The results showed that combined used of PE and JPYSF could better improve renal function and pathological lesions and ameliorate renal fibrosis in CKD rats. Administration of PE and JPYSF enhanced sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression, inhibited mitochondrial fission, promoted mitochondrial fusion, and suppressed oxidative stress in the kidney of CKD rats. In conclusion, combined use of PE and JPYSF protected against CKD more effectively than either alone. The underlying mechanism may be associated with activation of SIRT3, modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, and antioxidant effects.
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Zhou F, Zou X, Zhang J, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wang D. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Formula Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis by Activating the Nrf2 Signaling in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:630210. [PMID: 33841151 PMCID: PMC8027107 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.630210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing global public health problem, with high morbidity and mortality. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) formula is a representative traditional Chinese medicine formula in the treatment of CKD, which is widely used in clinical practice in China. However, the underlying mechanism has not been well elucidated. In the present study, we measured the markers of apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling to investigate the effects of JPYS formula on renal function and fibrosis and its molecular mechanism in an established animal model of 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6Nx) rats. The results demonstrated that the JPYS formula exerted a significant preventive effect on renal dysfunction and fibrosis, based on analysis of correlative parameters such as urinary protein, SCr, BUN, glomerular sclerosis index, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis score and renal histopathology and ultrastructural pathology of CKD rats. JPYS formula also induced downregulation of gene expression associated with fibrosis, such as TGF-β and type I, III, and IV collagen. Moreover, the JPYS formula showed a significant protective effect in suppressing cell apoptosis according to the results of apoptotic indexes, including increased gene expression of Bcl-2, decreased gene expression of Bax, caspase 3, caspase 9, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells. JPYS formula also ameliorated the activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway, as manifested by the downregulation of gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IκBα, NF-κB p65, MCP-1, CXCL1, COX-2, and iNOS in the kidney. Our evidence also suggested that the JPYS formula ameliorates oxidative stress by promoting antioxidant function according to antioxidant index indicators as an indicator of GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPx and abating excessive accumulation of the reactive oxygen species biomarkers, including ROS, TBARS, 8-oxo-dG, and MDA. The data also suggested that the JPYS formula reversed the downregulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 level and upregulation of Keap1 expression. Together, our data highlighted that the JPYS formula relieved renal oxidative injury mediated by activation of Nrf2 signaling by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis in CKD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyuan Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohu Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for R&D of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dongtao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China.,Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Liu X, Liu S, Luo D, Huang S, Wang F, Zhang B, Chen Y, Zheng L, Lu J, Li S. Involvement of Circulating Exosomal MicroRNAs in Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Formula Protection Against Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:622658. [PMID: 33603670 PMCID: PMC7884821 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.622658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used in clinic to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) for decades. However, the mechanisms of JPYSF in treating CKD have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to test the renoprotective effect of JPYSF on CKD rat model and investigate the potential mechanism from the perspective of serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). CKD rat model was induced by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats a diet containing 0.75% w/w adenine for four weeks. The rats in the treatment group were given 10.89 g/kg JPYSF by gavage every day, starting from the 3rd week of the adenine-containing diet for six weeks. Serum biochemistry and histopathology were used to evaluate the renoprotective effects of JPYSF. Serum exosomes were isolated by ExoQuick-TC PLUS exosomes extraction kit and were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. Exosomal miRNAs profiling was analyzed by small RNA sequencing. The results showed that JPYSF treatment significantly lowered serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels and alleviated renal pathological injury in CKD rats. Furthermore, serum exosomes were successfully isolated and identified. Small RNA sequencing revealed that 4 exosomal miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-194-5p, miR-802-5p, and miR-143-3p) were significantly downregulated in the CKD group and were markedly upregulated after JPYSF treatment. At last, miR-192-5p was identified as the most relevant miRNA for CKD diagnosis and JPYSF treatment. In conclusion, JPYSF protects kidney from adenine-induced CKD, which may be associated with modulation of exosomal miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Denggui Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fochang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulian Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Wang F, Huang S, Chen Q, Hu Z, Li Z, Zheng P, Liu X, Li S, Zhang S, Chen J. Chemical characterisation and quantification of the major constituents in the Chinese herbal formula Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen pill by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:915-929. [PMID: 32488993 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen pill (JPYSP) is a Chinese medicine formula developed for the treatment of anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical profile of JPYSP in the treatment of renal anaemia. METHODS A method coupling ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was established to characterise the chemical constituents present in JPYSP. Subsequently, a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) was developed to quantify the major constituents from the identified compounds related to the treatment of CKD and anaemia. RESULTS A total of 71 compounds were tentatively identified from JPYSP, including saponins, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, anthranones, anthraquinones, tannins, phenolic acids and others. Amongst them, 12 compounds (i.e. astragaloside IV, calycosin, calycosin 7-O-glucoside, salvianolic acid A, rosmarinic acid, rhein, liquiritin, formononetin, atractylenolide I, dioscin, tanshinone IIA, and acteoside) were further quantified simultaneously by HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. CONCLUSION The newly developed approach is suitable for the chemical profiling analysis and quality control of JPYSP, and could lead to additional pharmacodynamic studies involving the components of JPYSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fochang Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiugu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaoliu Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonggui Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangbin Zhang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Regulates EPO and Iron Recycling Protein Expressions in Anemic Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease: Accumulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-2 α via ERK Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8894257. [PMID: 33178327 PMCID: PMC7647762 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8894257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS), the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction, has been commonly used to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications such as anemia. JPYS has been previously found to induce erythropoietin (EPO) production in HEK293T cells and CKD rats. However, the mechanism of JPYS in treating anemia of CKD rats has remained largely unknown. Here, we further extend our effort to investigate the translational control of hypoxia inducible factor- (HIF-) α protein via ERK signaling and the effect on iron recycling-related protein expression by JPYS, thus revealing the mechanism of JPYS in correcting anemia in CKD. Experimental CKD rats with anemia were induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. Rats were administrated orally with high dose (6.0 g/kg/d) and low dose (1.5 g/kg/d) of JPYS for 90 days. Serum hepcidin level was determined to evaluate iron homeostasis. The protein expressions of HIF-2α, erythropoietin (EPO), ferritin, and ferroportin (FPN) and the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were detected by Western blot. The results showed that JPYS treatment significantly ameliorated kidney function by reducing increased levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and urine protein (UPRO). Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining observation showed that the renal pathological damage was restored in JPYS-treated CKD rats. In parallel, JPYS markedly improved CKD anemia through upregulation of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT). JPYS stimulated EPO and HIF-2α protein expressions in both the kidney and liver of CKD rats. Furthermore, JPYS induced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 protein. In addition, JPYS regulated protein expression of ferritin and FPN in both the liver and spleen of CKD rats and the serum level of hepcidin. In conclusion, JPYS induces the expression of EPO through ERK-mediated HIF-2α protein accumulation and regulates systemic iron recycling, supporting its role in promoting erythropoiesis and improvement of anemia in CKD.
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Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals the Protective Effect of a Traditional Chinese Herbal Decoction on Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8524132. [PMID: 33101449 PMCID: PMC7569447 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8524132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF), a traditional Chinese herbal decoction, has a renoprotective effect in 5/6 nephrectomy-induced chronic kidney injury. However, the role and potential mechanisms of JPYSF in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unknown. This study was designed to test the beneficial effect of JPYSF in an AKI mouse model and to investigate the underlying mechanism by using metabolomics analysis. The AKI mouse model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The mice in the treatment group were pretreated orally with JPYSF (18.35 g/kg/d) for 5 days before cisplatin injection. Seventy-two hours after cisplatin injection, serum and kidney samples were collected for biochemical and histological examination. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) was applied to analyze metabolic profiling variations in the kidney. The results showed that pretreatment with JPYSF obviously reduced the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and alleviated renal pathological injury in AKI mice. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) score plot revealed a clear separation between the AKI and AKI + JPYSF group. A total of 68 and 87 significantly differentially expressed metabolites were identified in the kidney of AKI mice responding to JPYSF treatment in negative and positive ion mode, respectively. The pivotal pathways affected by JPYSF included vitamin B6 metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, and butanoate metabolism. In conclusion, JPYSF can protect the kidney from cisplatin-induced AKI, which may be associated with regulating renal metabolic disorders.
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Liu X, Zhang B, Huang S, Wang F, Zheng L, Lu J, Zeng Y, Chen J, Li S. Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Protection Mechanism of Huangqi-Danshen Decoction on Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:992. [PMID: 31551789 PMCID: PMC6747014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD) is a commonly used drug pair for clinical treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in traditional Chinese medicine with good efficacy. However, the potential mechanisms of this action have not been well elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the metabolic profiling variations in response to HDD treatment in a CKD rat model. CKD rat model was induced by adding 0.75% adenine to the diet for 4 weeks. The rats in the treatment group received HDD extract orally at the dose of 4.7 g/kg/day during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, serum and kidney samples were collected for biochemical and pathological examination. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) was used to analyze metabolic profiling variations in the kidney. The results showed that treatment with HDD markedly attenuated kidney injury and improved renal function. A total of 28 metabolites contributing to CKD phenotype were found and identified in the kidney samples. The primary metabolic pathways disordered in the kidney of CKD rats were glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis, and citrate cycle. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot showed that the three groups of renal samples were obviously divided into three categories, and the metabolic trajectory of the HDD treatment group moved to the control group. (E)-Piperolein A, phosphatidylcholines (PC) (18:1/22:6), phosphatidylinositols (PI) (13:0/18:1), PI (15:0/20:3), phosphatidylserines (PS) (O-20:0/12:0), and triglyceride (TG) (22:4/24:0/O-18:0) represented potential biomarkers of the renoprotective effects of HDD against CKD. In conclusion, HDD has renoprotective effect against adenine-induced CKD, which may be mediated via partially restoration of perturbed metabolism in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fochang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Youjia Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang F, Tang B, Zhang Z, Xu D, Ma G. DUSP6 Inhibitor (E/Z)-BCI Hydrochloride Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Murine Macrophage Cells via Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Axis and Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway. Inflammation 2019; 42:672-681. [PMID: 30506106 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play a fundamental role in human chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated that dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) was upregulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of macrophages. (E/Z)-BCI hydrochloride (BCI) functions as a small molecule inhibitor of DUSP6, and BCI treatment inhibited DUSP6 expression in LPS-activated macrophages. BCI treatment inhibited LPS-triggered inflammatory cytokine production, including IL-1β and IL-6, but not TNF-α, and also affected macrophage polarization to an M1 phenotype. In addition, BCI treatment decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and significantly elevated the levels of Nrf2. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of DUSP6 attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responses was independent of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Furthermore, BCI treatment inhibited phosphorylation of P65 and nuclear P65 expression in LPS-activated macrophages. These results demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of DUSP6 attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory mediators and ROS production in macrophage cells via activating the Nrf2 signaling axis and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. These anti-inflammatory effects indicated that BCI may be considered as a therapeutic agent for blocking inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Zijiao Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowu Ma
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
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Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Decoction Relieves Renal Anemia in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats: Production of Erythropoietin via Hypoxia Inducible Factor Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2807926. [PMID: 30941190 PMCID: PMC6420977 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2807926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) is one of the herbal medicines for treatment of anemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, less of scientific evidence to support JPYS involved in treating anemia has been revealed. Here, an animal study was performed to investigate its hematopoietic activities and the underlying mechanism. The 5/6 nephrectomized inductions of CKD anemic rats were randomly divided into two groups: CKD group and JPYS group. Sham-operated rats served as sham group. JPYS (1.36 g/kg/d) was administered orally to CKD rats daily for six consecutive weeks. Results showed that JPYS treatment notably improved renal function and pathological injury in CKD rats. JPYS also restored the hematological parameters, including red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. In parallel, the reduction level of EPO was reversed by JPYS. Furthermore, JPYS induced the accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-α protein expression. Collectively, these results provide convincing evidence for JPYS decoction in ameliorating CKD-associated anemia, and its mechanism might be related to regulate EPO production via HIF signaling pathway.
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Huangqi-Danshen Decoction Ameliorates Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease by Modulating Mitochondrial Dynamics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9574045. [PMID: 30713579 PMCID: PMC6332985 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9574045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. However, the therapies remain limited. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for treating kidney disease for thousands of years and is an effective alternative treatment for CKD patients in China and other Asian countries. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD), a TCM herbal decoction, on treating CKD. CKD rat model was induced by adding 0.75% adenine to the diet for 4 weeks. HDD extract was administrated orally to CKD rats at the dose of 4.7 g/kg/d for consecutive 4 weeks in adenine-induced CKD rats. Kidney function was evaluated by the levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The pathological changes of kidney tissues were observed by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson's trichrome staining. The proteins expression of renal fibrosis and mitochondrial dynamics were determined and quantified by Western blot analysis. CKD rats showed obvious decline in renal function as evidenced by increased levels of Scr and BUN, which were blunted by HDD treatment. HDD could also improve tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis of CKD rats. Moreover, HDD downregulated fibronectin, type IV collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in CKD rats. Furthermore, mitochondrial dynamics was disturbed in CKD rats, which manifested as increased mitochondrial fission and decreased mitochondrial fusion. HDD treatment restored mitochondrial dynamics in CKD rats by repressing dynamin-related protein 1 and Mid 49/51 expression, promoting mitofusin 2 expression, and suppressing optic atrophy 1 proteolysis. In conclusion, HDD could significantly retard CKD progression through modulating mitochondrial dynamics.
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