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Kassym L, Kussainova A, Semenova Y, McLoone P. Antimicrobial Effect of Honey Phenolic Compounds against E. coli-An In Vitro Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:560. [PMID: 38794130 PMCID: PMC11123796 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing concern over antimicrobial resistance in chronic wound patients necessitates the exploration of alternative treatments from natural sources. This study suggests that honey's phenolic compounds may offer antimicrobial benefits, warranting further investigation for therapeutic development. The main aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds and to determine the effects of their sub-inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli (E. coli). 3-phenyllactic acid (PLA), p-coumaric acid (PCA), and phloretin were tested against the bacterial strain of E. coli ATCC 25922. Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of honey constituents in vitro was performed using a broth culture assay. Measurement of the inhibitory properties of constituents in vitro was conducted using disc and well diffusion assays. The effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of PCA on the susceptibility of E. coli ATCC 25922 to penicillin-streptomycin were tested. The results demonstrated that PLA was the most efficient antimicrobial agent, followed by PCA, whereas phloretin, at lower (2 mg/mL) concentrations, led to an increase in the growth of E. coli. Various modifications of the agar diffusion assay did not reveal the antibacterial properties of the studied phytochemicals. The enhancing effect of a sub-inhibitory concentration of PCA in cooperation with penicillin-streptomycin was shown. These findings might be helpful for the further investigation and development of new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of skin infections and wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kassym
- Department of General Medical Practice with a Course of Evidence-Based Medicine, NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Assiya Kussainova
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Pauline McLoone
- School of Medicine, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
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2
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Tsou SC, Chuang CJ, Wang I, Chen TC, Yeh JH, Hsu CL, Hung YC, Lee MC, Chang YY, Lin HW. Lemon Peel Water Extract: A Novel Material for Retinal Health, Protecting Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells against Dynamin-Related Protein 1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission by Blocking ROS-Stimulated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:538. [PMID: 38790643 PMCID: PMC11117509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that NaIO3 can induce oxidative stress-mediated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage to simulate age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lemon peel is rich in antioxidants and components that can penetrate the blood-retinal barrier, but their role in retinal oxidative damage remains unexplored. Here, we explore the protection of lemon peel ultrasonic-assisted water extract (LUWE), containing large amounts of flavonoids and polyphenols, against NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration. We initially demonstrated that LUWE, orally administered, prevented retinal distortion and thinning on the inner and outer nuclei layers, downregulating cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in RPE cells in NaIO3-induced mice. The effect of LUWE was achieved through the suppression of apoptosis and the associated proteins, such as cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3, as suggested by NaIO3-induced ARPE-19 cell models. This is because LUWE reduced reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial fission via regulating p-Drp-1 and Fis1 expression. We further confirmed that LUWE suppresses the expression of p-MEK-1/2 and p-ERK-1/2 in NaIO3-induced ARPE-19 cells, thereby providing the protection described above, which was confirmed using PD98059 and U0126. These results indicated that LUWE prevents mitochondrial oxidative stress-mediated RPE damage via the MEK/ERK pathway. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism may provide a new protective strategy against retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chun Tsou
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.T.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Chen-Ju Chuang
- Emergency Department, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi 60069, Taiwan;
| | - Inga Wang
- Rehabilitation Sciences & Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
| | - Tzu-Chun Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jui-Hsuan Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Chin-Lin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.T.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Yu-Chien Hung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chung Lee
- Brion Research Institute of Taiwan, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Yen Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
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3
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Li SY, Xue RY, Wu H, Pu N, Wei D, Zhao N, Song ZM, Tao Y. Novel Role of Molecular Hydrogen: The End of Ophthalmic Diseases? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1567. [PMID: 38004433 PMCID: PMC10674431 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas which displays non-toxic features at high concentrations. H2 can alleviate oxidative damage, reduce inflammatory reactions and inhibit apoptosis cascades, thereby inducing protective and repairing effects on cells. H2 can be transported into the body in the form of H2 gas, hydrogen-rich water (HRW), hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) or H2 produced by intestinal bacteria. Accumulating evidence suggest that H2 is protective against multiple ophthalmic diseases, including cataracts, dry eye disease, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other fields. In particular, H2 has been tested in the treatment of dry eye disease and corneal endothelial injury in clinical practice. This medical gas has brought hope to patients suffering from blindness. Although H2 has demonstrated promising therapeutic potentials and broad application prospects, further large-scale studies involving more patients are still needed to determine its optimal application mode and dosage. In this paper, we have reviewed the basic characteristics of H2, and its therapeutic effects in ophthalmic diseases. We also focus on the latest progress in the administration approaches and mechanisms underlying these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zong-Ming Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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4
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Direct and selective determination of p-coumaric acid in food samples via layered Nb4AlC3-MAX phase. Food Chem 2023; 403:134130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Olędzka AJ, Czerwińska ME. Role of Plant-Derived Compounds in the Molecular Pathways Related to Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054666. [PMID: 36902097 PMCID: PMC10003729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the primary response to infection and injury. Its beneficial effect is an immediate resolution of the pathophysiological event. However, sustained production of inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species and cytokines may cause alterations in DNA integrity and lead to malignant cell transformation and cancer. More attention has recently been paid to pyroptosis, which is an inflammatory necrosis that activates inflammasomes and the secretion of cytokines. Taking into consideration that phenolic compounds are widely available in diet and medicinal plants, their role in the prevention and support of the treatment of chronic diseases is apparent. Recently, much attention has been paid to explaining the significance of isolated compounds in the molecular pathways related to inflammation. Therefore, this review aimed to screen reports concerning the molecular mode of action assigned to phenolic compounds. The most representative compounds from the classes of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and phenolic glycosides were selected for this review. Our attention was focused mainly on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Literature searching was performed using Scopus, PubMed, and Medline databases. In conclusion, based on the available literature, phenolic compounds regulate NF-κB, Nrf2, and MAPK signaling, which supports their potential role in chronic inflammatory disorders, including osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata J. Olędzka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-116-61-85
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6
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MAPK Pathways in Ocular Pathophysiology: Potential Therapeutic Drugs and Challenges. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040617. [PMID: 36831285 PMCID: PMC9954064 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous cellular signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Once activated through phosphorylation, these MAPKs in turn phosphorylate and activate transcription factors present either in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus, leading to the expression of target genes and, as a consequence, they elicit various biological responses. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive review focusing on the roles of MAPK signaling pathways in ocular pathophysiology and the potential to influence these for the treatment of eye diseases. We summarize the current knowledge of identified MAPK-targeting compounds in the context of ocular diseases such as macular degeneration, cataract, glaucoma and keratopathy, but also in rare ocular diseases where the cell differentiation, proliferation or migration are defective. Potential therapeutic interventions are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss challenges in overcoming the reported eye toxicity of some MAPK inhibitors.
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7
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Stanciauskaite M, Marksa M, Rimkiene L, Ramanauskiene K. Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Sun Protection Factor and Antioxidant Activity of Lithuanian Propolis and Its Plant Precursors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3558. [PMID: 36559670 PMCID: PMC9781500 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in polyphenols of natural origin and their plant sources encourages the study of their chemical composition and biological activity. Propolis is widely used as a source of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the chemical composition, antioxidant activity and sun protection factor (SPF) of the ethanolic extracts of the poplar buds, birch buds and pine buds of propolis plant precursors collected in Lithuania. The IC50 concentration of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS methods. Extracts of poplar buds, birch buds and propolis showed a lower IC50 concentration by ABTS and DPPH methods compared with pine buds extracts. Poplar buds and propolis extracts showed the highest SPF value, while birch and pine buds extracts showed a lower SPF value. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis results showed that phenolic acids, such as p-coumaric acid and cinnamic acid, and flavonoids, such as pinobanksin and pinocembrin, were identified in all the tested extracts. Salicin has been identified only in poplar buds extracts. The results of antioxidant activity showed that propolis poplar and birch buds are a promising source of biologically active polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stanciauskaite
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laura Rimkiene
- Department of Analytical & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Ramanauskiene
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Ojeda-Hernández DD, Canales-Aguirre AA, Matias-Guiu JA, Matias-Guiu J, Gómez-Pinedo U, Mateos-Díaz JC. Chitosan–Hydroxycinnamic Acids Conjugates: Emerging Biomaterials with Rising Applications in Biomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012473. [PMID: 36293330 PMCID: PMC9604192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past thirty years, research has shown the huge potential of chitosan in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering and regeneration, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial treatments, among others. One of the major advantages of this interesting polysaccharide is its modifiability, which facilitates its use in tailor-made applications. In this way, the molecular structure of chitosan has been conjugated with multiple molecules to modify its mechanical, biological, or chemical properties. Here, we review the conjugation of chitosan with some bioactive molecules: hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs); since these derivatives have been probed to enhance some of the biological effects of chitosan and to fine-tune its characteristics for its application in the biomedical field. First, the main characteristics of chitosan and HCAs are presented; then, the currently employed conjugation strategies between chitosan and HCAs are described; and, finally, the studied biomedical applications of these derivatives are discussed to present their limitations and advantages, which could lead to proximal therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doddy Denise Ojeda-Hernández
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre
- Preclinical Evaluation Unit, Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, CIATEJ-CONACyT, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico
| | - Jordi A. Matias-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Matias-Guiu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulises Gómez-Pinedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (U.G.-P.); (J.C.M.-D.)
| | - Juan Carlos Mateos-Díaz
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, CIATEJ-CONACyT, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
- Correspondence: (U.G.-P.); (J.C.M.-D.)
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9
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Cerquido AS, Vojtek M, Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Viegas O, Sousa JB, Ferreira IMPLVO, Diniz C. Unravelling Potential Health-Beneficial Properties of Corema album Phenolic Compounds: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101231. [PMID: 36297345 PMCID: PMC9610266 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corema (C.) album belongs to the family Ericaceae and can be found in the Iberian Peninsula, especially on the coastal areas facing the Atlantic coast. C. album berries have been used for centuries in traditional medicine. Recent studies have revealed that not only the berries but also the leaves have relevant antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties, bringing this plant to the forefront of discussion. A systematic review of the literature was carried out to summarize the phenolic compounds and bioactive properties identified in C. album berries and leaves and to search for research gaps on this topic. The search was conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) using PRISMA methodology. The inclusion criteria were the chemical compositions of the berries, leaves, or their extracts and their bioactive properties. The exclusion criteria were agronomic and archaeological research. The number of studies concerning phenolic compounds' composition and the bioactive properties of C. album berries and leaves is still limited (11 articles). However, the variety of polyphenolic compounds identified make it possible to infer new insights into their putative mechanism of action towards the suppression of NF-kB transcription factor activation, the modulation of inflammatory mediators/enzymes, the induction of apoptosis, the modulation of mitogen activated protein kinase, cell cycle arrest, and the reduction of oxidative stress. These factors can be of major relevance concerning the future use of C. album as nutraceuticals, food supplements, or medicines. Nevertheless, more scientific evidence concerning C. album's bioactivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Cerquido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Martin Vojtek
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga Viegas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Beatriz Sousa
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
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10
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Zeng YQ, He JT, Hu BY, Li W, Deng J, Lin QL, Fang Y. Virgin coconut oil: A comprehensive review of antioxidant activity and mechanisms contributed by phenolic compounds. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1052-1075. [PMID: 35997296 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is obtained by processing mature coconut cores with mechanical or natural methods. In recent years, VCO has been widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries because of its excellent functional activities. VCO has biological functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral, and also has potential therapeutic effects on many chronic degenerative diseases. Among these functions, the antioxidant is the most basic and important function, which is mainly determined by phenolic compounds and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). This review aims to elucidate the antioxidant functions of each phenolic compound in VCO, and discuss the antioxidant mechanisms of VCO in terms of the role of phenolic compounds with fat, intestinal microorganisms, and various organs. Besides, the composition of VCO and its application in various industries are summarized, and the biological functions of VCO are generalized, which should lay a foundation for further research on the antioxidant activity of VCO and provide a theoretical basis for the development of food additives with antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Tao He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Bo-Yong Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Qin-Lu Lin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
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11
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Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Reveal the Mechanism of Cassiae Semen against Cataracts. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5654120. [PMID: 35860180 PMCID: PMC9293494 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5654120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cassiae semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anticataract effects have not been fully explored. In this study, network pharmacology was used to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the actions of CS against cataracts, and molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding activity of proteins and compounds. qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA level of genes, and the cell apoptotic rate was measured using flow cytometry. We identified 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets, as well as 238 cataract-related targets. PPI networks were constructed, and fifty key targets were obtained. These key targets were enriched in the regulation of transcription, apoptotic process, and signal transduction pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated that the compounds of CS exhibited good affinity to some critical targets. Furthermore, CS prevented the apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells induced by UVB lights by decreasing the gene expression of CASP3, ESR1, and TP53 and increasing the CRYAB gene expression. The present study attempted to explain the mechanisms for the effects of CS in the prevention and treatment of cataracts and provided an effective strategy to investigate active ingredients from natural medicines. Further studies are required to verify these findings via in vivo and in vitro experiments.
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12
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Imelda E, Idroes R, Khairan K, Lubis RR, Abas AH, Nursalim AJ, Rafi M, Tallei TE. Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071285. [PMID: 35883773 PMCID: PMC9311900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A cataract is a condition that causes 17 million people to experience blindness and is the most significant cause of vision loss, around 47.9%. The formation of cataracts is linked to both the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the reduction of endogenous antioxidants. ROS are highly reactive molecules produced by oxygen. Examples of ROS include peroxides, super-oxides, and hydroxyl radicals. ROS are produced in cellular responses to xenobiotics and bacterial invasion and during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Excessive ROS can trigger oxidative stress that initiates the progression of eye lens opacities. ROS and other free radicals are highly reactive molecules because their outer orbitals have one or more unpaired electrons and can be neutralized by electron-donating compounds, such as antioxidants. Examples of natural antioxidant compounds are vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plants contain numerous antioxidant compounds that can be used as cataract preventatives or inhibitors. Natural antioxidant extracts for cataract therapy may be investigated further in light of these findings, which show that consuming a sufficient amount of antioxidant-rich plants is an excellent approach to cataract prevention. Several other natural compounds also prevent cataracts by inhibiting aldose reductase and preventing apoptosis of the eye lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Imelda
- Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh 23126, Indonesia
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Khairan Khairan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
| | - Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia;
| | - Abdul Hawil Abas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia; (A.H.A.); (T.E.T.)
| | - Ade John Nursalim
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado 955234, Indonesia;
| | - Mohamad Rafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia; (A.H.A.); (T.E.T.)
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Li S, Lu Z, Huang Y, Wang Y, Jin Q, Shentu X, Ye J, Ji J, Yao K, Han H. Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Micelles: Break the Dry Eye Vicious Cycle. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200435. [PMID: 35435328 PMCID: PMC9189644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) impacts ≈30% of the world's population and causes serious ocular discomfort and even visual impairment. Inflammation is one core cause of the DED vicious cycle, a multifactorial deterioration in DED process. However, there are also reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulating inflammation and other points in the cycle from the upstream, leading to treatment failure of current therapies merely targeting inflammation. Accordingly, the authors develop micelle-based eye drops (more specifically p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) inhibitor Losmapimod (Los)-loaded and ROS scavenger Tempo (Tem)-conjugated cationic polypeptide micelles, designated as MTem/Los) for safe and efficient DED management. Cationic MTem/Los improve ocular retention of conjugated water-soluble Tem and loaded water-insoluble Los via electrostatic interaction with negatively charged mucin on the cornea, enabling an increase in therapeutic efficiency and a decrease in dosing frequency. Mechanistically, MTem/Los effectively decrease ROS over-production, reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, restrain macrophage proinflammatory phenotypic transformation, and inhibit cell apoptosis. Therapeutically, the dual-functional MTem/Los suppress the inflammatory response, reverse corneal epithelial defect, save goblet cell dysfunction, and recover tear secretion, thus breaking the vicious cycle and alleviating the DED. Moreover, MTem/Los exhibit excellent biocompatibility and tolerability for potential application as a simple and rapid treatment of oxidative stress- and inflammation-induced disorders, including DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Zhouyu Lu
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Xingchao Shentu
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
| | - Haijie Han
- Eye CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyZhejiang University88 Jiefang RoadHangzhou310009P. R. China
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Shukal DK, Malaviya PB, Sharma T. Role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211063165. [PMID: 35196887 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211063165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a precise role as a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK is activated in response to the signalling cues that exhaust cellular ATP levels such as hypoxia, ischaemia, glucose depletion and heat shock. As a central regulator of both lipid and glucose metabolism, AMPK is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases, including eye disorders. OBJECTIVE To review all the shreds of evidence concerning the role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. METHOD Scientific data search and review of available information evaluating the influence of AMPK signalling on ocular diseases. RESULTS Review highlights the significance of AMPK signalling in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases, including cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, etc. The review also provides the information on the AMPK-associated pathways with reference to ocular disease, which includes mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and regulation of inflammatory response. CONCLUSION The study concludes the role of AMPK in ocular diseases. There is growing interest in the therapeutic utilization of the AMPK pathway for ocular disease treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK signalling might represent more pertinent strategy than AMPK activation for ocular disease treatment. Such information will guide the development of more effective AMPK modulators for ocular diseases.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval K Shukal
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja B Malaviya
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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15
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Shi L, Zhou J, Guo J, Gladden I, Kong L. Starch inclusion complex for the encapsulation and controlled release of bioactive guest compounds. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118596. [PMID: 34702447 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The linear component of starch, especially amylose, is capable of forming inclusion complex (IC) with various small molecules. It could significantly modify the structure and properties of starch, and it could bring beneficial effects when bioactive compounds can be encapsulated. This review discusses the formation and characterization of the starch-guest IC and focuses on the recent developments in the use of starch ICs for the encapsulation and controlled release of bioactive guest compounds. A great number of guest compounds, such as lipids, aroma compounds, pharmaceuticals, and phytochemicals, were studied for their ability to be complexed with starch and/or amylose and some of the formed ICs were evaluated for the chemical stability improvement and the guest release regulation. Starch-guest ICs has a great potential to be a delivery system, as most existing studies demonstrated the enhancement on guest retention and the possibility of controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfan Shi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Jiayue Guo
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Isabella Gladden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Lingyan Kong
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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16
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Zhang R, Wei Y, Zhang S, Li H, Li J, Ma B, Zhu X, Song X, Zhou H. Inhibitory effect of Idelalisib on selenite-induced cataract in Sprague Dawley rat pups. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:365-371. [PMID: 34720010 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1988984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Idelalisib, Apelisib and Copanlisib on 8-day-old cataract SD rat pups. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model induced by sodium selenate (Na2SeO3) was used in this study. Experimental animals were randomly divided into five groups with eight animals in each group. They were control group, Na2SeO3 group, Idelalisib group, Apelisib group and Copanlisib group. On days 3, 5 and 7, all rats in Na2SeO3, Idelalisib, Apelisib and Copanlisib groups were given subcutaneous injection into the nape with Na2SeO3 and control group was given the same amount of saline. For days 1-14, Idelalisib, Apelisib and Copanlisib were given by intragastric administration, respectively, and the same amount of saline was given to the control group and Na2SeO3 group. On the 15th day of the experiment, we selected the Idelalisib group with the best effect from all groups, separated their lenses, and further analyzed the crystal proteins, oxidative damage and apoptosis indexes. RESULTS The survival rate of rats in control and Idelalisib groups was 100%, the Na2SeO3 group was 37.5%, the Apelisib group was 25%, and the Copanlisib group was 0. According to the rat survival rate and lens score, we selected Idelalisib for further analysis of the crystallin, oxidative damage and apoptosis indexes. The results suggested that Na2SeO3 leads to cataract formation and crystallin precipitation. The levels of antioxidant enzymes GSH and SOD were decreased in the Na2SeO3 group, Nrf-2 and HO-1 were downregulated, Keap1 upregulated, and cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 upregulated. Idelalisib significantly improved crystallin insolubility, reduced oxidative damage, and inhibited lens apoptosis. CONCLUSION In summary, Idelalisib can significantly improve the progression of Na2SeO3-induced cataract in rats. In the future, it may be a potential effective drug candidate for the clinical treatment of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Zhang
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Dongting, China
| | - Yiying Wei
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Dongting, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Li
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhe Li
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Dongting, China
| | - Bowei Ma
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Dongting, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhu
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Song
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- The Stat Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,High-throughput Molecular Drug Screening Centre, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Dongting, China
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17
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Han J, Wang L, Lv H, Liu J, Dong Y, Shi L, Ji Q. EphA2 inhibits SRA01/04 cells apoptosis by suppressing autophagy via activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 711:109024. [PMID: 34487720 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to determine the effect of EphA2 on H2O2-treated lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04) and the underlying mechanisms. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell viability and cell apoptosis. Western blot was carried out to examine the levels of proteins associated with apoptosis and autophagy. Our results revealed that EphA2 significantly elevated the reduced cell viability, and inhibited the increased cell apoptosis in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells, along with the significant up-regulated Bcl-2 and down-regulated Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax protein levels, but which were all abolished by Rapa (autophagy activator). We also found that EphA2 significantly suppressed cell autophagy in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells. Additionally, EphA2 significantly up-regulated the protein levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells, and the inhibition of Akt by MK-2206 and inhibition of mTOR by Rapa both obviously reversed EphA2-mediated the inhibition of autophagy in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells. In summary, these data demonstrated that EphA2 inhibited the apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells by inhibiting autophagy via activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Huayi Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| | - Qingshan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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18
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Meng K, Fang C. Knockdown of Tripartite motif-containing 22 (TRIM22)relieved the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells by suppressing the expression of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Bioengineered 2021; 12:7213-7222. [PMID: 34558381 PMCID: PMC8806417 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1980645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is a disease that causes severe visual impairment in patients. Recent studies have found that lens epithelial cell apoptosis caused by oxidative damage is the critical cause of cataract. Moreover, TRIM22 could alleviate the ubiquitination of TRAF6. The expression of TRAF6 could activate the p38/MAPK pathway and aggravate the oxidative stress induced damage of lens epithelial cells. However, whether the TRIM22 could alleviate the oxidative stress induced damage of lens epithelial cells by regulating the expression of TRAF6 and p38/MAPK pathway is unclear. In this study, we stimulated the lens epithelial cells with the H2O2 and established the TRIM22 knockdown cells. Next, proliferation of these cells was determined by CCK-8 and EdU assays. Apoptosis of these cells was detected with the TUNEL assays. Levels of ROS was explored with the DCFH-DA staining. Finally, the expression levels of TRAF6, p-p38 and p-ERK were determined with the western blotting. According to the results, we found that knockdown of TRIM22 suppressed the proliferation and relieved the H2O2 induced DNA double-strand break and apoptosis of these cells. Inhibition of TRIM22 inhibited the production of ROS in these cells. Moreover, restriction of TRIM22 induced the decreased levels of TRAF6, p-p38 and p-ERK in lens epithelial cells. We concluded that inhibition of TRIM22 relieved the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells by suppressing the expression of TRAF6, p-p38 and p-ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fuyang Futian Eye Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengbo Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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19
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Development of a Novel Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanofibers-Cobalt Phthalocyanine-Laccase for the Detection of p-Coumaric Acid in Phytoproducts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179302. [PMID: 34502203 PMCID: PMC8431354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper developed a new enzymatic biosensor whose support is a screen-printed electrode based on carbon nanofibers modified with cobalt phthalocyanine and laccase (CNF-CoPc-Lac/SPE) to determine the p-coumaric acid (PCA) content by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. Sensor modification was achieved by the casting and cross-linking technique, using glutaraldehyde as a reticulation agent. The biosensor’s response showed the PCA redox processes in a very stable and sensitive manner. The calibration curve was developed for the concentration range of p-coumaric acid of 0.1–202.5 μM, using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The biosensor yielded optimal results for the linearity range 0.4–6.4 μM and stood out by low LOD and LOQ values, i.e., 4.83 × 10−7 M and 1.61 × 10−6 M, respectively. PCA was successfully determined in three phytoproducts of complex composition. The results obtained by the voltammetric method were compared to the ones obtained by the FTIR method. The amount of p-coumaric acid determined by means of CNF-CoPc-Lac/SPE was close to the one obtained by the standard spectrometric method.
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20
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Scavenging Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Para-Coumaric Acid in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081205. [PMID: 34439453 PMCID: PMC8388950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Para-coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant derived secondary metabolite belonging to the phenolic compounds. It is widely distributed in the plant kingdom and found mainly in fruits, vegetables, and cereals. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed its scavenging and antioxidative properties in the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions. This evidence-based review focuses on the protective role of p-CA including its therapeutic potential. p-CA and its conjugates possesses various bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-melanogenic properties. Due to its potent free radical scavenging activity, it can mitigate the ill effects of various diseases including arthritis, neurological disorders, and cardio-vascular diseases. Recent studies have revealed that p-CA can ameliorate the harmful effects associated with oxidative stress in the reproductive system, also by inhibiting enzymes linked with erectile function.
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21
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Liu Y, Bian Y, Luo X, Wang C, Mu D, Pan G, Wu J, Shi H. Synergistic effect of docosahexaenoic acid or conjugated linoleic acid with caffeic acid on ameliorating oxidative stress of HepG2 cells. J Food Sci 2021; 86:3240-3251. [PMID: 34118075 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exploring the synergistic effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with caffeic acid (CA) on ameliorating oxidative stress, thereby introducing CA to DHA or CLA will contribute significantly to enhance the bioactivity. We observed that DHA or CLA with CA promoted the recovery of intact individual morphology and the decline of cavities inside the nucleus and apoptosis under the observation of confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescent inverted microscope. The activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, pyruvate and malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular morphology, and cell cycle were analyzed. Our results showed that DHA or CLA with CA enhanced the activity of CAT and GSH-Px, decreased LDH leakage and the number of apoptotic, significantly inhibited (ROS-induced cellular injury. Cell arrest in G1 and G2 phase during cell mitosis was reduced by the measurement of flow cytometry. DHA or CLA combined with CA could markedly strengthen the free radical scavenging and endogenous antioxidant defense capacity on HepG2 cells. This study provides a new direction in the application of synergies to antioxidant compounds. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Caffeic acid (CA) can synergize with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to enhance antioxidant capacity. This study highlighted an effect of ameliorating oxidative stress injury DHA or CLA with CA on HepG2 cells. The data indicated that DHA or CLA with CA might be used to relieve oxidative stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Liu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Bian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xue Luo
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Delun Mu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Guoyang Pan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Junrui Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Haisu Shi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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22
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Njoroge TM, Calla B, Berenbaum MR, Stone CM. Specific phytochemicals in floral nectar up-regulate genes involved in longevity regulation and xenobiotic metabolism, extending mosquito life span. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8363-8380. [PMID: 34188892 PMCID: PMC8216986 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During nectar feeding, mosquitoes ingest a plethora of phytochemicals present in nectar. The ecological and physiological impacts of these ingested phytochemicals on the disease vectors are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the effects of three nectar phytochemicals-- caffeine, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin--on longevity, fecundity, and sugar-feeding behavior of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus). Adult females of Ae. albopictus were provided continuous access to 10% sucrose supplemented with one of the three phytochemicals and their fecundity, longevity, and the amount of sucrose consumed determined. Transcriptome response of Ae. albopictus females to p-coumaric acid and quercetin was also evaluated. Dietary quercetin and p-coumaric acid enhanced the longevity of female Ae. albopictus, while caffeine resulted in reduced sugar consumption and enhanced fecundity of gravid females. RNA-seq analyses identified 237 genes that were differentially expressed (DE) in mosquitoes consuming p-coumaric acid or quercetin relative to mosquitoes consuming an unamended sucrose solution diet. Among the DE genes, several encoding antioxidant enzymes, cytochrome P450s, and heat shock proteins were upregulated, whereas histones were downregulated. Overall, our findings show that consuming certain nectar phytochemicals can enhance adult longevity of female Asian tiger mosquitoes, apparently by differentially regulating the expression level of genes involved in longevity and xenobiotic metabolism; this has potential impacts not only on life span but also on vectorial capacity and insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia M. Njoroge
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Bernarda Calla
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - May R. Berenbaum
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Christopher M. Stone
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
- Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
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23
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Zhang K, Yin Y, Pei C, Wu C. MicroRNA-124 regulates lens epithelial cell apoptosis by affecting Fas alternative splicing by targeting polypyrimidine tract-binding protein in age-related cataract. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:591-605. [PMID: 34008270 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cataract (ARC) is a primary cause of visual blindness worldwide. Lens epithelial cell (LEC) apoptosis, in which Fas plays an essential role, is a vital cytological basis for cataractogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanism of Fas-dependent LEC apoptosis is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate whether MicroRNA (miRNA)-124 can regulate LEC apoptosis by targeting polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) and thereby affecting Fas alternative splicing in ARC. METHODS Lens capsule samples from patients with ARC and cornea donors with a transparent lens were collected. HLE-B3 cells were cultured and treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) to establish an apoptosis model in LECs. The expression of miRNA-124, PTB, Fas, and Fas isoforms in tissues and cell lines was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and flow cytometry. The miRNA-124 mimic and inhibitor were transfected into HLE-B3 cells, and the effects of the miRNA-124/PTB/Fas pathway in LECs were assessed by analysis of their related targets. RESULTS High expression of miRNA-124 and membrane Fas (mFas) mRNA and decreased PTB expression were observed in the lens capsule samples. In cells undergoing H2 O2 -induced apoptosis, mFas expression was increased, accompanied by decreased PTB and increased miRNA-124 expression. Subsequently, miRNA-124 upregulation suppressed PTB expression, elevated the mFas level without affecting total Fas expression and promoted apoptosis; miRNA-124 downregulation exerted the opposite effects. CONCLUSION This study revealed that miRNA-124 promotes LEC apoptosis in ARC by upregulating mFas through targeted inhibition of PTB. Moreover, the identification of the miRNA-124/PTB/Fas pathway provides novel insight into Fas-dependent LEC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changrui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Zhou T, Yang M, Zhang G, Kang L, Yang L, Guan H. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 protects human lens epithelial cells against H 2O 2 stimuli through the nuclear factor kappa b/p65 and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1653. [PMID: 33490165 PMCID: PMC7812193 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) plays a regulatory role in many biological processes; however, its role in cataracts has yet to be illuminated. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of NEAT1 in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods HLECs (SRA01/04) were treated with 300 µM H2O2 to mimic cataract in vitro. Cell viability was detected by performing an MTT assay and EdU staining. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect apoptosis of HLECs. DNA damage was examined using γ-H2A histone family member X staining. and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using 2’,7’dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. The expression levels of lncRNA and proteins were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Results The expression of NEAT1 was observed to be increased in H2O2-treated HLECs and age-related cataract (ARC) tissues. Knockdown NEAT1 strongly protected against H2O2-induced cell death and also regulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2, and Bcl-2-associated X protein. Further, knockdown NEAT1 also significantly suppressed H2O2-induced intracellular ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but elevated the glutathione (GSH) activity of H2O2-treated cells. Also, it is demonstrated that si-NEAT1 greatly inhibited H2O2-induced phosphorylation of NF-кB p65 and p38 MAPK. Conclusions This study confirmed that knockdown NEAT1 attenuated H2O2-induced damage in HLECs, and inhibited the oxidative stress and apoptosis of HLECs via regulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and p38 MAPK signaling. It may provide a potential target for clinical treatment of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqiu Zhou
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Synergistic antioxidant effects of phenolic acids and carotenes on H 2O 2-induced H9c2 cells: Role of cell membrane transporters. Food Chem 2020; 341:128000. [PMID: 33059273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic acids (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid,) and carotenes (β-carotene, lycopene) were mixed in different ratios to investigate antioxidant interactions on H2O2-induced H9c2 cells with ezetimibe (inhibitor of carotenes membrane transporters). Cellular uptake of carotenes, expression of membrane transporters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) were analyzed. Results revealed that phenolic acids increased cellular uptake of carotenes and expression of their membrane transporters. Combination groups contained more phenolic acids showed synergistic effects. For example, β-carotene: caffeic acid = 1:2 significantly suppressed the intracellular ROS (+EZT, 66.34 ± 51.53%) and enhanced the accumulation of nucleus-Nrf2 (+EZT, 30.23 ± 5.30) compared to the groups contained more β-carotene (+EZT, ROS: 75.48 ± 2.55%, nucleus-Nrf2: 19.48 ± 4.22). This study provided an implication of functional foods formulation and demonstrated that antioxidant synergism may due to the up-regulation of carotenes membrane transporters by phenolic acids.
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Ditta LA, Rao E, Provenzano F, Sánchez JL, Santonocito R, Passantino R, Costa MA, Sabatino MA, Dispenza C, Giacomazza D, San Biagio PL, Lapasin R. Agarose/κ-carrageenan-based hydrogel film enriched with natural plant extracts for the treatment of cutaneous wounds. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2818-2830. [PMID: 32853619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels for complex and chronic wound dressings must be conformable, absorb and retain wound exudates and maintain hydration. They can incorporate and release bioactive molecules that can accelerate the healing process. Wound dressings have to be in contact with the wound and epidermis, even for long periods, without causing adverse effects. Hydrogel dressing formulations based on biopolymers derived from terrestrial or marine flora can be relatively inexpensive and well tolerated. In the present article hydrogel films composed by agarose (1.0 wt%), κ-carrageenan at three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%) and glycerol (3.0 wt%) were prepared without recourse to crosslinking agents, and characterized for their mechanical properties, morphology, swelling and erosion behavior. The films resulted highly elastic and able to absorb and retain large amounts of fluids without losing their integrity. One of the films was loaded with the aqueous extract from Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D. Mohr for its antioxidant properties. Absence of cytotoxicity and ability to reduce the oxidative stress were demonstrated on NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell cultures. These results encourage further biological evaluations to assess their impact on the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Anna Ditta
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Estella Rao
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jesús Lozano Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Av.da del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Radha Santonocito
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Costa
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta Sabatino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Clelia Dispenza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Romano Lapasin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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MicroRNA-182-5p protects human lens epithelial cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by inhibiting NOX4 and p38 MAPK signalling. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:233. [PMID: 32552665 PMCID: PMC7301500 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various ocular diseases, including age-related cataract. However, the role of miR-182-5p in the progression of age-related cataract remains unclear. Methods The expression of miR-182-5p in HLE-B3 cells was detected by qRT-PCR. HLE-B3 cells were transfected with miR-182-5p mimics. CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, JC-1 kit, and western blot were used to assess the cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and protein expression, respectively, in vitro. The relationship between miR-182-5p and NOX4 was confirmed using the dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis. Results We found that miR-182-5p expression was significantly decreased by the H2O2 exposure. Overexpression of miR-182-5p promoted cell proliferation and inhibited ROS production and apoptosis in H2O2-induced HLE-B3 cells. Moreover, p-p-38, p-ERK, and p-JNK were up-regulated in H2O2-treated HLE-B3 cells, and overexpression of miR-182-5p reversed the effects of H2O2 on HLE-B3 cells. In addition, dual-luciferase reporter assay substantiated that NOX4 was a direct target and downregulated by miR-182-5p. Conclusions We concluded that miR-182-5p inhibited lens epithelial cells apoptosis through regulating NOX4 and p38 MAPK signaling, providing a novel biomarker for treatment of age-related cataract.
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Zhang Q, Shi J, Guo D, Wang Q, Yang X, Lu W, Sun X, He H, Li N, Wang Y, Li C, Wang W. Qishen Granule alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced myocardial apoptosis through IRE-1-CRYAB pathway in myocardial ischemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112573. [PMID: 31945401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qishen Granule (QSG) is a prevailing traditional Chinese medicine formula that displays impressive cardiovascular protection in clinical. However, underlying mechanisms by which QSG alleviates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis in myocardial ischemia still remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to elucidate whether QSG ameliorates ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis to protect against myocardial ischemia via inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1)-αBcrystallin (CRYAB) signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Left anterior descending (LAD) ligation induced-ischemic heart model and oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9C2 cells injury model were established to clarify the effects and potential mechanism of QSG. Ethanol extracts of QSG (2.352 g/kg) were orally administered for four weeks and Ginaton Tablets (100 mg/kg) was selected as a positive group in vivo. In vitro, QSG (800 μg/ml) or STF080310 (an inhibitor of IRE-1, 10 μM) was co-cultured under OGD/R in H9C2 cells. Inhibition of IRE-1 was conducted in H9C2 cells to further confirm the exact mechanism. Finally, to define the active components of anti-cardiomyocyte apoptosis in QSG which absorbed into the blood, we furtherly used the OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis model to evaluate the effects. RESULTS QSG treatment improved cardiac function, ameliorated inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial apoptosis. Similar effects were revalidated in OGD/R-induced H9C2 injury model. Western blots demonstrated QSG exerted anti-apoptotic effects by regulating apoptosis-related proteins, including increasing Bcl-2 and caspase 3/12, reducing the expressions of Bax and cleaved-caspase 3/12. Mechanistically, the IRE-1-CRYAB signaling pathway was significantly activated by QSG. Co-treatment with STF080310, the IRE-1 specific inhibitor significantly compromised the protective effects of QSG in vitro. Especially, the active components of QSG including Formononetin, Tanshinone IIA, Tanshinone I, Cryptotanshinon and Harpagoside showed significantly anti-apoptosis effects. CONCLUSION QSG protected against ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis via the IRE-1-CRYAB pathway, which is proposed as a promising therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenji Lu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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29
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Inducible cell-to-cell signaling for tunable dynamics in microbial communities. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1193. [PMID: 32132536 PMCID: PMC7055273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen bacteria at the forefront of biotechnological innovation, with applications including biomolecular computing, living therapeutics, microbiome engineering and microbial factories. These emerging applications are all united by the need to precisely control complex microbial dynamics in spatially extended environments, requiring tools that can bridge the gap between intracellular and population-level coordination. To address this need, we engineer an inducible quorum sensing system which enables precise tunability of bacterial dynamics both at the population and community level. As a proof-of-principle, we demonstrate the advantages of this system when genetically equipped for cargo delivery. In addition, we exploit the absence of cross-talk with respect to the majority of well-characterized quorum sensing systems to demonstrate inducibility of multi-strain communities. More broadly, this work highlights the unexplored potential of remotely inducible quorum sensing systems which, coupled to any gene of interest, may facilitate the translation of circuit designs into applications.
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30
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Wang Z, Zhou S, Hu X, Chai J. Ginsenosides induce extensive changes in gene expression and inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:44. [PMID: 32046688 PMCID: PMC7076854 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2826-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of ginsenosides on the growth and apoptosis of human lens epithelial (HLE) B3 cells exposed to H2O2 was investigated. In addition, the effect of ginsenosides on gene expression in HLE-B3 cells was analyzed using microarray assays to determine its molecular mechanism. Methods HLE-B3 cells were treated with 1.75 M H2O2 in the presence or absence of 5, 10 or 20 μM ginsenosides. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT assays and flow cytometry, respectively, at 24 to 120 h after the treatment. Furthermore, HLE-B3 cells were treated with 20 μM ginsenosides for 8 days and total RNA was isolated and analyzed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Array. Principal component analysis was performed to visualize the microarray data. Results Addition of ginsenosides significantly alleviated the growth inhibitory effect of H2O2 on HLE-B3 cells and the percentage of viable cells was increased by more than 3 folds. Flow cytometric analysis showed that 6.16 ± 0.29% of H2O2-treated HLE-B3 cells were early apoptotic cells, and the percentage was reduced to 4.78 ± 0.16% (P < 0.05) in the presence of 20 μM ginsenosides. Principal component analysis revealed that ginsenoside caused extensive changes in gene expression in HLE-B3 cells. A total of 6219 genes showed significant differential expression in HLE-B3 cells treated with ginsenoside; among them, 2552 (41.0%) genes were significantly upregulated, whereas 3667 (59.0%) genes were significantly downregulated. FOXN2, APP and RAD23B were the top three upregulated genes while WSB1, PSME4 and DCAF7 were the top three downregulated genes in HLE-B3 cells treated with ginsenosides. Conclusion Ginsenosides induce extensive changes in the expression of genes involved in multiple signaling pathways, including apoptotic signaling pathway and DNA damage response signaling pathway. Ginsenosides alleviate H2O2-induced suppression of the growth of HLB cells and inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis of HLB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shiping Zhou
- Endoscopy Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jiannan Chai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China.
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31
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Zou Y, Cui B, Liang P, Tian X, Ma Y, Zhao S. Inhibition of NLRP3 Protects Human Lens Epithelial Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis by NF-κB Signaling. Ophthalmic Res 2019; 63:174-181. [PMID: 31805556 DOI: 10.1159/000504303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS To explore whether NLRP3 is involved in the development of cataract and to study the effect of NLRP3 on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury in human lens epithelial cells. METHODS Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis model was constructed by treating HLEB3 cells with 50 µM H2O2 at different times (6 h, 12 h) and was confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot. HLEB3 were divided into NC, NC+H2O2, shNLRP3, and shNLRP3+H2O2 groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were employed to detect mRNA and protein expressions, DCFH-DA to measure reactive oxygen species production, and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining to determine cell apoptosis. RESULTS NLRP3 expression significantly increased in H2O2-induced HLEB3 cells. shRNA interference of NLRP3 inflammasome protects HLEB3 cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by decreasing the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax and increasing Bcl-2 expression. shNLRP3 was able to effectively suppress H2O2-induced apoptosis via inhibition of NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION NLRP3 might be involved in the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. The inhibition of NLRP3 obviously attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury of human lens epithelial cells via NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zou
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China,
| | - Bingjie Cui
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Pei Liang
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Department of Refraction and Cornea, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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32
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Ko JW, Kwon HJ, Seo CS, Choi SJ, Shin NR, Kim SH, Kim YH, Kim JC, Kim MS, Shin IS. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid suppresses airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin challenge. Phytother Res 2019; 34:624-633. [PMID: 31724257 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HA) has a palliative effect on asthmatic inflammatory responses using a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. The mice were divided into five groups, each consisting of seven females (normal control phosphate-buffered saline); OVA (OVA sensitization/challenge); dexamethasone (DEX, OVA sensitization/challenge + dexamethasone 3 mg/kg); HA-10 and HA-20 OVA sensitization/challenge + HA 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). Mice treated with HA showed a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness and in the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared with asthmatic control. HA treatment also reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 in BALF and of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in the serum compared with asthmatic control. HA treatment relieved airway inflammation and mucus overproduction caused by OVA exposure. Additionally, HA inhibited the increases in levels of nuclear factor kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 that normally occur after OVA exposure. HA treatment also reduced the activity and protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Taken together, HA effectively suppressed asthmatic airway inflammation and mucus production caused by OVA exposure. These findings indicate that HA has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, -si, Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Choi
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Chemical Material Assessment, Korea Environment Corporation, Incheon, Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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33
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Famurewa AC, Maduagwuna EK, Folawiyo AM, Besong EE, Eteudo AN, Famurewa OA, Ejezie FE. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects of virgin coconut oil against antibiotic drug gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity via the suppression of oxidative stress and modulation of iNOS/NF-ĸB/caspase-3 signaling pathway in Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13100. [PMID: 31721240 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gentamicin is an effective antibiotic against severe infections; however, its major side effect is oxidative nephrotoxicity. We explored whether virgin coconut oil (VCO) could mitigate gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were fed with VCO-supplemented diet for 16 days against renal toxicity induced by gentamicin (100 mg/kg bw, ip) from Day 11 to 16. Gentamicin caused marked elevated serum urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels, followed by considerable depletion in renal antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased significantly. It significantly increased renal cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) levels, confirmed by renal histopathology. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and caspase-3 was prominently increased. VCO-supplemented diet significantly modulated the levels of biochemical indices, downregulated the expression of NO, iNOS, NF-ĸB, caspase-3, cytokines, and alleviated histopathological lesions. VCO protects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity; thus, it could be a promising dietary supplement for patients undergoing gentamicin treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Gentamicin is an efficacious clinical antibiotic used against severe infections; however, the robust body of evidence indicates that the nephrotoxic side effect constrained its use. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is an edible oil with growing human consumption and pharmacological effects. Our study has reported herein, for the first time, that VCO diet prevented the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. Dietary supplementation of this oil could be beneficial in alleviating the nephrotoxic side effect of gentamicin in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria.,Biochemistry Division, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | | | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth E Besong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Albert N Eteudo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi A Famurewa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Fidelis E Ejezie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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34
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Provenzano F, Sánchez JL, Rao E, Santonocito R, Ditta LA, Borrás Linares I, Passantino R, Campisi P, Dia MG, Costa MA, Segura-Carretero A, San Biagio PL, Giacomazza D. Water Extract of Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D. Mohr Bryophyte as a Natural Powerful Source of Biologically Active Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225560. [PMID: 31703399 PMCID: PMC6887972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bryophytes comprise of the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Cryphaea heteromalla, (Hedw.) D. Mohr, is a non-vascular lower plant belonging to mosses group. To the date, the most chemically characterized species belong to the liverworts, while only 3.2% and 8.8% of the species belonging to the mosses and hornworts, respectively, have been investigated. In this work, we present Folin-Ciocalteu and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) data related to crude extracts of C. heteromalla obtained by three different extraction solvents: pure water (WT), methanol:water (80:20 v/v) (MET), and ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) (ETH). The water extract proved to be the best solvent showing the highest content of biophenols and the highest ORAC value. The C. heteromalla-WT extract was investigated by HPLC-TOF/MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometry) allowing for the detection of 14 compounds, five of which were phenolic compounds, derivatives of benzoic, caffeic, and coumaric acids. Moreover, the C. heteromalla WT extract showed a protective effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) on the murine NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Jesús Lozano Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Estella Rao
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Radha Santonocito
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Lorena Anna Ditta
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Isabel Borrás Linares
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Patrizia Campisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Dia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Assunta Costa
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
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Zabad OM, Samra YA, Eissa LA. P-Coumaric acid alleviates experimental diabetic nephropathy through modulation of Toll like receptor-4 in rats. Life Sci 2019; 238:116965. [PMID: 31629762 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is responsible for the occurrence of 30-47% of the incident cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. DN is a chronic inflammatory disorder, which results from hyperglycemia-induced alterations and leads to renal fibrosis and ESRD. Toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4) participates in regulation of inflammatory response through controlling of innate immune system. P-Coumaric Acid (P-CA) is a natural hydroxycinnamic acid derivative and is widely present in vegetables, fruits, mushrooms and cereals. This study aimed to explore the renoprotective effect of P-CA, as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant natural compound, against experimental DN. METHODS DN was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) in rats. In kidney homogenate, levels of TLR-4, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) were measured using ELISA technique. Also, kidney collagen content was determined colorimetrically. KEY FINDINGS Oral administration of P-CA (100 mg/kg) for 8 weeks significantly alleviated the DN. P-CA significantly reduced serum concentrations of glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and reduced protein content in urine. Also, P-CA significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and significantly reduced kidney contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), TLR-4, IL-6, TGFβ1 and collagen when compared with DN group. Moreover, P-CA significantly improved DN-induced histopathological abnormalities. SIGNIFICANCE P-CA confers protection against the progression of DN. This renoprotective effect can be attributed to its ability to decrease the generation of inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines in addition to restoring oxidant/antioxidant balance through its ability to down-regulate TLR-4 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Zabad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Yara A Samra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Boo YC. p-Coumaric Acid as An Active Ingredient in Cosmetics: A Review Focusing on its Antimelanogenic Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E275. [PMID: 31382682 PMCID: PMC6720745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling unwanted hyperpigmentation is a major challenge in dermatology and cosmetology, and safe and efficacious antimelanogenic agents are deemed useful for this purpose. p-Coumaric acid is a natural metabolite contained in many edible plants, and its antioxidant activities in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions have been demonstrated in various experimental models. p-Coumaric acid has the optimal structure to be a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase that catalyzes key reactions in the melanin biosynthetic pathway. Experimental evidence supports this notion as it was found to be a more potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, especially toward human enzymes, than other well-known tyrosinase inhibitors such as arbutin and kojic acid. p-Coumaric acid inhibited melanin synthesis in murine melanoma cells, human epidermal melanocytes, and reconstituted three-dimensional human skin models. Ex-vivo skin permeation experiments and in-vivo efficacy tests for p-coumaric acid confirmed its efficient transdermal delivery and functional efficacy in reducing erythema development and skin pigmentation due to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Human studies further supported its effectiveness in hypopigmentation and depigmentation. These findings suggest that p-coumaric acid has good potential to be used as a skin-lightening active ingredient in cosmetics. Future studies are needed to extensively examine its safety and efficacy and to develop an optimized cosmetic formulation for the best performance in skin lightening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
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Wang S, Kong L, Zhao Y, Tan L, Zhang J, Du Z, Zhang H. Lipophilization and molecular encapsulation of p-coumaric acid by amylose inclusion complex. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhou W, Xu J, Wang C, Shi D, Yan Q. miR-23b-3p regulates apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing SIRT1 in lens epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19635-19646. [PMID: 31338869 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cataract is one of the prior causes of blindness and the incidence rates of cataract are even rising. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cataracts. Under oxidative stress, lens epithelial cell (LEC cell) apoptosis is activated, which might lead to the opacity of the lens and accelerate the progression of cataract development. Meanwhile, autophagy is also active to face oxidative stress. miRNAs have been reported to involve cataract. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of miR23b-3p on apoptosis and autophagy in LEC cells under oxidative stress. The expression levels of miR-23b-3p were examined in age-related cataract tissues and LEC cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, showing that miR23b-3p expression levels were upregulated. Knockdown of miR23b-3p expression in LEC cells brought about apoptosis significantly decreased while autophagy significantly increased during hydrogen peroxide. We predicted microRNA miRNA-23b-3p might participate in regulating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) by bioinformatics database of TargetScan. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miRNA-23b-p could suppress SIRT1 expression by binding its 3'UTR. In addition, overexpression or knockdown of miR-23b-3p could decrease or increase SIRT1 expression, which indicated that Mir-23b-3p could suppress SIRT1 expression. In addition, enhanced SIRT1 could attenuate the regulation of cell apoptosis and autophagy induced by overexpression of miR-23b-3p. Taken together, our findings revealed that miR-23b-3p regulated apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing SIRT1 in LEC cell under oxidative stress, which could provide new ideas for clinical treatment of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qichang Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ueda T, Ito T, Kurita H, Inden M, Hozumi I. p-Coumaric Acid Has Protective Effects against Mutant Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase 1 via the Activation of Autophagy in N2a Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122942. [PMID: 31208129 PMCID: PMC6628046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective death of motor neurons. In previous our study, an ethanol extract of Brazilian green propolis (EBGP) prevented mutant copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1mut)-induced neurotoxicity. This paper aims to reveal the effects of p-coumaric acid (p-CA), an active ingredient contained in EBGP, against SOD1mut-induced neurotoxicity. We found that p-CA reduced the accumulation of SOD1mut subcellular aggregation and prevented SOD1mut-associated neurotoxicity. Moreover, p-CA attenuated SOD1mut-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which are significant features in ALS pathology. To examine the mechanism of neuroprotective effects, we focused on autophagy, and we found that p-CA induced autophagy. Additionally, the neuroprotective effects of p-CA were inhibited by chloroquine, an autophagy inhibiter. Therefore, these results obtained in this paper suggest that p-CA prevents SOD1mut-induced neurotoxicity through the activation of autophagy and provides a potential therapeutic approach for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ueda
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Taisei Ito
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
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