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Wu JJ, Zhang SY, Mu L, Dong ZG, Zhang YJ. Heyingwuzi formulation alleviates diabetic retinopathy by promoting mitophagy via the HIF-1α/BNIP3/NIX axis. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1317-1339. [PMID: 38983802 PMCID: PMC11229969 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary cause of visual problems in patients with diabetes. The Heyingwuzi formulation (HYWZF) is effective against DR. AIM To determine the HYWZF prevention mechanisms, especially those underlying mitophagy. METHODS Human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs) were treated with high glucose (hg), HYWZF serum, PX-478, or Mdivi-1 in vitro. Then, cell counting kit-8, transwell, and tube formation assays were used to evaluate HRCEC proliferation, invasion, and tube formation, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial morphology, and Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, C57BL/6 mice were established in vivo using streptozotocin and treated with HYWZF for four weeks. Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored continuously. Changes in retinal characteristics were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin, tar violet, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Protein levels in retinal tissues were determined via Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunostaining. RESULTS HYWZF inhibited excessive ROS production, apoptosis, tube formation, and invasion in hg-induced HRCECs via mitochondrial autophagy in vitro. It increased the mRNA expression levels of BCL2-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), FUN14 domain-containing 1, BNIP3-like (BNIP3L, also known as NIX), PARKIN, PTEN-induced kinase 1, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Moreover, it downregulated the protein levels of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and increased the light chain 3-II/I ratio. However, PX-478 and Mdivi-1 reversed these effects. Additionally, PX-478 and Mdivi-1 rescued the effects of HYWZF by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis and increasing mitophagy. HYWZF intervention improved the symptoms of diabetes, tissue damage, number of acellular capillaries, and oxidative stress in vivo. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed the results of in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION HYWZF alleviated DR and associated damage by promoting mitophagy via the HIF-1α/BNIP3/NIX axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin-Jian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Park HY, Yu JH. Mitigation effect of hesperidin on X-ray radiation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114549. [PMID: 38442786 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The tight junctions (TJs) and barrier function of the intestinal epithelium are highly sensitive to radiation. However, polyphenols can be used to reverse the effects of radiation. Here, we investigated the effects of hesperidin (hesperetin-7-rhamnoglucoside) on X-ray-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in human epithelial Caco-2 monolayers. To examine whether hesperidin mitigated the effects of X-ray exposure (2 Gy), cell survival was evaluated and intestinal barrier function was assessed by measuring the transepithelial flux, apparent permeability coefficient (Papp), and barrier integrity. Hesperidin improved the survival of Caco-2 cell monolayers and attenuated X-ray exposure-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. For fluorescein transport experiments, transepithelial flux and Papp of fluorescein in control group were significantly elevated by X-ray, but were restored to near control by 10 μM hesperidin pretreatment. Further, X-ray exposure decreased the barrier integrity and TJ interruption by reducing TJ-related proteins occludin and claudin-4, whereas cell monolayers pretreated with hesperidin before X-ray exposure were reinstated to control level. It was concluded that hesperidin treatment before X-ray exposure alleviated X-ray-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction through regulation of TJ-related proteins. These results indicate that hesperidin prevents and mitigates X-ray-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Young Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Hee Yu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
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Boittin FX, Guitard N, Toth M, Riccobono D, Théry H, Bobe R. The Protein Kinase A Inhibitor KT5720 Prevents Endothelial Dysfunctions Induced by High-Dose Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2269. [PMID: 38396945 PMCID: PMC10889412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-dose irradiation can trigger numerous endothelial dysfunctions, including apoptosis, the overexpression of adhesion molecules, and alteration of adherens junctions. Altogether, these endothelial dysfunctions contribute to the development of tissue inflammation and organ damage. The development of endothelial dysfunctions may depend on protein phosphorylation by various protein kinases, but the possible role of protein kinase A (PKA) has not been investigated so far, and efficient compounds able to protect the endothelium from irradiation effects are needed. Here we report the beneficial effects of the PKA inhibitor KT5720 on a panel of irradiation-induced endothelial dysfunctions in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). High-dose X-irradiation (15 Gy) triggered the late apoptosis of HPMECs independent of the ceramide/P38 MAP kinase pathway or p53. In contrast, the treatment of HPMECs with KT5720 completely prevented irradiation-induced apoptosis, whether applied before or after cell irradiation. Immunostainings of irradiated monolayers revealed that KT5720 treatment preserved the overall integrity of endothelial monolayers and adherens junctions linking endothelial cells. Real-time impedance measurements performed in HPMEC monolayers confirmed the overall protective role of KT5720 against irradiation. Treatment with KT5720 before or after irradiation also reduced irradiation-induced ICAM-1 overexpression. Finally, the possible role for PKA in the development of endothelial dysfunctions is discussed, but the potency of KT5720 to inhibit the development of a panel of irradiation-induced endothelial dysfunctions, whether applied before or after irradiation, suggests that this compound could be of great interest for both the prevention and treatment of vascular damages in the event of exposure to a high dose of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- François-Xavier Boittin
- Unité de Radiobiologie, Département Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, IRBA—Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nathalie Guitard
- Unité de Radiobiologie, Département Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, IRBA—Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Maeliss Toth
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Laboratory of Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology U1180, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Diane Riccobono
- Unité de Radiobiologie, Département Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, IRBA—Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Hélène Théry
- Unité de Radiobiologie, Département Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, IRBA—Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Régis Bobe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Hémostase Inflammation Thrombose HITh U1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France;
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Wu Z, Chen T, Qian Y, Luo G, Liao F, He X, Xu W, Pu J, Ding S. High-Dose Ionizing Radiation Accelerates Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression by Regulating P38/NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy/Ferroptosis of Endothelial Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:223-236. [PMID: 37059236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) significantly increased the incidence of coronary artery diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction has been the major side effect of RT among tumor patients who received RT. However, the involvement between endothelial dysfunction and radiation-induced atherosclerosis (RIA) remains unclear. Here, we constructed a murine model of RIA, aiming to uncover its underlying mechanisms and identify novel strategies for RIA prevention and treatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS Eight-week-old ApoE-/- mice that were fed a Western diet were subjected to partial carotid ligation (PCL). Four weeks later, ionizing radiation (IR) of 10 Gy was performed to verify the detrimental role of IR on atherogenesis. Ultrasound imaging, RT quantitative polymerase chain reaction, histopathology and immunofluorescence, and biochemical analysis were performed 4 weeks after IR. To study the involvement of endothelial ferroptosis induced by IR in RIA, mice after IR were administrated with ferroptosis agonist (cisplatin) or antagonist (ferrostatin-1) intraperitoneally. Western blotting, autophagic flux measurement, reactive oxygen species level detection, and coimmunoprecipitation assay were carried out in vitro. Furthermore, to determine the effect of ferritinophagy inhibition on RIA, in vivo knockdown of NCOA4 was carried out by pluronic gel. RESULTS We verified that accelerated plaque progression was concomitant with endothelial cell (EC) ferroptosis after IR induction, as suggested by a higher level of lipid peroxidation and changes in ferroptosis-associated genes in the PCL + IR group than in the PCL group within vasculature. In vitro experiments further validated the devastating effects of IR on oxidative stress and ferritinophagy in ECs. Mechanistic experiments revealed that IR induced EC ferritinophagy and subsequent ferroptosis in a P38/NCOA4-dependent manner. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the therapeutic effect of NCOA4 knockdown in alleviating IR-induced ferritinophagy/ferroptosis of EC and RIA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of RIA and first prove that IR accelerates atherosclerotic plaque progression by regulating ferritinophagy/ferroptosis of ECs in a P38/NCOA4-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guqing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinjie He
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Yu S, He J, Xie K. Zonula Occludens Proteins Signaling in Inflammation and Tumorigenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3804-3815. [PMID: 37564207 PMCID: PMC10411466 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junction (TJ) is the barrier of epithelial and endothelial cells to maintain paracellular substrate transport and cell polarity. As one of the TJ cytoplasmic adaptor proteins adjacent to cell membrane, zonula occludens (ZO) proteins are responsible for connecting transmembrane TJ proteins and cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, providing a binding platform for transmembrane TJ proteins to maintain the barrier function. In addition to the basic structural function, ZO proteins play important roles in signal regulation such as cell proliferation and motility, the latter including cell migration, invasion and metastasis, to influence embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, damage repair, inflammation, tumorigenesis, and cancer progression. In this review, we will focus on the signal regulating function of ZO proteins in inflammation and tumorigenesis, and discuss the limitations of previous research and future challenges in ZO protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yu
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
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Lyophilized Progenitor Tenocyte Extracts: Sterilizable Cytotherapeutic Derivatives with Antioxidant Properties and Hyaluronan Hydrogel Functionalization Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010163. [PMID: 36671025 PMCID: PMC9854832 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultured primary progenitor tenocytes in lyophilized form were previously shown to possess intrinsic antioxidant properties and hyaluronan-based hydrogel viscosity-modulating effects in vitro. The aim of this study was to prepare and functionally characterize several stabilized (lyophilized) cell-free progenitor tenocyte extracts for inclusion in cytotherapy-inspired complex injectable preparations. Fractionation and sterilization methods were included in specific biotechnological manufacturing workflows of such extracts. Comparative and functional-oriented characterizations of the various extracts were performed using several orthogonal descriptive, colorimetric, rheological, mechanical, and proteomic readouts. Specifically, an optimal sugar-based (saccharose/dextran) excipient formula was retained to produce sterilizable cytotherapeutic derivatives with appropriate functions. It was shown that extracts containing soluble cell-derived fractions possessed conserved and significant antioxidant properties (TEAC) compared to the freshly harvested cellular starting materials. Progenitor tenocyte extracts submitted to sub-micron filtration (0.22 µm) and 60Co gamma irradiation terminal sterilization (5−50 kGy) were shown to retain significant antioxidant properties and hyaluronan-based hydrogel viscosity modulating effects. Hydrogel combination products displayed important efficacy-related characteristics (friction modulation, tendon bioadhesivity) with significant (p < 0.05) protective effects of the cellular extracts in oxidative environments. Overall, the present study sets forth robust control methodologies (antioxidant assays, H2O2-challenged rheological setups) for stabilized cell-free progenitor tenocyte extracts. Importantly, it was shown that highly sensitive phases of cytotherapeutic derivative manufacturing process development (purification, terminal sterilization) allowed for the conservation of critical biological extract attributes.
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7
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Liu XC, Zhou PK. Tissue Reactions and Mechanism in Cardiovascular Diseases Induced by Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314786. [PMID: 36499111 PMCID: PMC9738833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term survival rate of cancer patients has been increasing as a result of advances in treatments and precise medical management. The evidence has accumulated that the incidence and mortality of non-cancer diseases have increased along with the increase in survival time and long-term survival rate of cancer patients after radiotherapy. The risk of cardiovascular disease as a radiation late effect of tissue damage reactions is becoming a critical challenge and attracts great concern. Epidemiological research and clinical trials have clearly shown the close association between the development of cardiovascular disease in long-term cancer survivors and radiation exposure. Experimental biological data also strongly supports the above statement. Cardiovascular diseases can occur decades post-irradiation, and from initiation and development to illness, there is a complicated process, including direct and indirect damage of endothelial cells by radiation, acute vasculitis with neutrophil invasion, endothelial dysfunction, altered permeability, tissue reactions, capillary-like network loss, and activation of coagulator mechanisms, fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. We summarize the most recent literature on the tissue reactions and mechanisms that contribute to the development of radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases (RICVD) and provide biological knowledge for building preventative strategies.
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Role of p53 in Regulating Radiation Responses. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071099. [PMID: 35888186 PMCID: PMC9319710 DOI: 10.3390/life12071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
p53 is known as the guardian of the genome and plays various roles in DNA damage and cancer suppression. The p53 gene was found to express multiple p53 splice variants (isoforms) in a physiological, tissue-dependent manner. The various genes that up- and down-regulated p53 are involved in cell viability, senescence, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Moreover, p53 affects the radioadaptive response. Given that several studies have already been published on p53, this review presents its role in the response to gamma irradiation by interacting with MDM2, NF-κB, and miRNA, as well as in the inflammation processes, senescence, carcinogenesis, and radiation adaptive responses. Finally, the potential of p53 as a biomarker is discussed.
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9
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Sin ZW, Mohan CD, Chinnathambi A, Govindasamy C, Rangappa S, Rangappa KS, Jung YY, Ahn KS. Leelamine Exerts Antineoplastic Effects in Association with Modulating Mitogen‑Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Cascade. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3375-3387. [PMID: 35579498 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2059092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a prominent signaling cascade that modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stress response, drug resistance, immune response, and cell motility. Activation of MAPK by various small molecules/natural compounds has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Herein, the effect of leelamine (LEE, a triterpene derived from bark of pine trees) on the activation of MAPK in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and breast cancer (BC) cells was investigated. LEE induced potent cytotoxicity of HCC (HepG2 and HCCLM3) and BC (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) cells over normal counterparts (MCF10A). LEE significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK MAPKs in a dose-dependent fashion and it did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK in HCC and BC cells. The apoptosis-driving effect of LEE was further demonstrated by cleavage of procaspase-3/Bid and suppression of prosurvival proteins (Bcl-xL and XIAP). Furthermore, LEE also reduced the SDF1-induced-migration and -invasion of HCC and BC cells. Taken together, the data demonstrated that LEE promotes apoptosis and induces an anti-motility effect by activating p38 and JNK MAPKs in HCC and BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wayne Sin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, India
| | | | - Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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El Bakary NM, Abdel-Rafei MK, Maarouf RE, Mansour SZ, Thabet NM. Trans-resveratrol alleviates hepatic and renal injury in γ-irradiated rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221142817. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221142817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Although ionizing radiation (IR) has been of immense value to human life due to its involvement in several fields, it doesn’t eliminate that exposure to IR results in an array of biological consequences, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and death. Thus, this study aimed to explore the curative effect of trans-Resveratrol (t-Res) on hepatic and renal injury in a rat model exposed to single and fractionated doses of γ-rays. Methods Rats exposed to a single dose of IR (6 Gy, as an acute effect) or a fractionated dose of IR (2 Gy/time/3 days, day after day; to imitate a chronic impact) were treated with t-Res. Then, the radio-protective effect of t-Res was investigated via biochemical and histological estimations in the liver and kidney of rats in the different groups. Results The data displayed a significant amelioration in biochemical and histological indices in the liver and kidney of rats exposed to IR doses and treated with t-Res. Particularly, t-Res reduced the oxidative stress milieu through decreasing HIF-1α, ROS, and MDA levels associated with increased CAT activity and Nrf-2 gene expression. Also, t-Res improved the inflammatory status via a decrease in TNF-α, NF-κB, SOCS-3, and HSP-70 genes expression linked with elevations in SIRT-1 and P53 genes expression. Conclusion It could be concluded that t-Res had hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects against the deleterious consequences of γ-rays exposure due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen M El Bakary
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K Abdel-Rafei
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rokaya E Maarouf
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Somaya Z Mansour
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noura M Thabet
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Gamma irradiation exposure for collapsed cell junctions and reduced angiogenesis of 3-D in vitro blood vessels. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18230. [PMID: 34521931 PMCID: PMC8440565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During radiotherapy, microenvironments neighboring the tumor are also exposed to gamma irradiation; this results in unexpected side effects. Blood vessels can serve as microenvironments for tumors and they play an important role in providing nutrients to tumors. This is mostly related to tumor progression, metastasis, and relapse after therapy. Many studies have been performed to obtain a better understanding of tumor vasculature after radiotherapy with in vitro models. However, compared to 3-D models, 2-D in vitro endothelial monolayers cannot physiologically reflect in vivo blood vessels. We previously remodeled the extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel that enhanced the tight barrier formation of 3-D blood vessels and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gradient induced angiogenesis in a microfluidic device. In this study, the blood vessel model is further introduced to understand how gamma irradiation affects the endothelial monolayer. After the gamma irradiation exposure, we observed a collapsed endothelial barrier and a reduced angiogenic potential. Changes in the cell behaviors of the tip and stalk cells were also detected in the angiogenesis model after irradiation, which is difficult to observe in 2-D monolayer models. Therefore, the 3-D in vitro blood vessel model can be used to understand radiation-induced endothelial injuries.
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Perez-Gelvez YNC, Camus AC, Bridger R, Wells L, Rhodes OE, Bergmann CW. Effects of chronic exposure to low levels of IR on Medaka ( Oryzias latipes): a proteomic and bioinformatic approach. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:1485-1501. [PMID: 34355643 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1962570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) at low doses (<100 mGy) has been insufficiently studied to understand fully the risk to health. Relatively little knowledge exists regarding how species and healthy tissues respond at the protein level to chronic exposure to low doses of IR, and mass spectrometric-based profiling of protein expression is a powerful tool for studying changes in protein abundance. MATERIALS AND METHODS SDS gel electrophoresis, LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry-based approaches and bioinformatic data analytics were used to detect proteomic changes following chronic exposure to moderate/low doses of radiation in adults and normally developed Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). RESULTS Significant variations in the abundance of proteins involved in thyroid hormone signaling and lipid metabolism were detected, which could be related to the gonadal regression phenotype observed after 21.04 mGy and 204.3 mGy/day exposure. The global proteomic change was towards overexpression of proteins in muscle and skin, while the opposite effect was observed in internal organs. CONCLUSION The present study provides information on the impacts of biologically relevant low doses of IR, which will be useful in future research for the identification of potential biomarkers of IR exposure and allow for a better assessment of radiation biosafety regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Natalia C Perez-Gelvez
- Carbohydrate Complex Research Center, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alvin C Camus
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Robert Bridger
- Carbohydrate Complex Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Carbohydrate Complex Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Olin E Rhodes
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Odum School of Ecology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Carl W Bergmann
- Carbohydrate Complex Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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El Bakary NM, Thabet NM, El Fatih NM, Abdel-Rafei MK, El Tawill G, Azab KS. Fucoxanthin alters the apelin-13/APJ pathway in certain organs of γ-irradiated mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:600-617. [PMID: 33929015 PMCID: PMC8273792 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Apelin-13 and APJ are implicated in different key physiological processes. This work aims at exploring the radioprotective effect of fucoxanthin (FX) on γ-radiation (RAD)-induced changes in the apelin-13/APJ pathway, which causes damage in the liver, kidney, lung and spleen of mice. Mice were administered FX (10 mg kg-1 day-1, i.p) and exposed to γ-radiation (2.5 Gy week-1) for four consecutive weeks. The treatment of irradiated mice by FX resulted in a significant amendment in protein expression of the apelin-13/APJ/NF-κB signalling pathway concurrently with reduced hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α), suppressed oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde), enhanced antioxidant defence mechanisms (reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase), a modulated inflammatory response [interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-10 and α-7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) and ameliorated angiogenic regulators [matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2), MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1), as well as the tissue damage indicator (lactate dehydrogenase) in organ tissues. In addition, there were significant improvement in serum inflammatory markers tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-10, IL-1β and C-reactive protein compared with irradiated mice. The histopathological investigation of the FX + RAD organ tissues support the biochemical findings where the improvements in the tissues' architecture were obvious when compared with those of RAD. FX was thus shown to have a noticeable radioprotective action mediated through its regulatory effect on the apelin-13/APJ/NF-κB signalling pathway attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity that was reflected in different physiological processes. It could be recommended to use FX in cases of radiation exposure to protect normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen M El Bakary
- Corresponding authors. Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt; , or
| | - Noura Magdy Thabet
- Corresponding authors. Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt; , or
| | - Neama M El Fatih
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Khairy Abdel-Rafei
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada El Tawill
- Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Shaaban Azab
- Corresponding authors. Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt; , or
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14
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Nagane M, Yasui H, Kuppusamy P, Yamashita T, Inanami O. DNA damage response in vascular endothelial senescence: Implication for radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:564-573. [PMID: 33912932 PMCID: PMC8273807 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A post-exposure cohort study in Hiroshima and Nagasaki reported that low-dose exposure to radiation heightened the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as stroke and myocardial infarction, by 14-18% per Gy. Moreover, the risk of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries reportedly increases with radiation therapy of the chest, including breast and lung cancer treatment. Cellular senescence of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) is believed to play an important role in radiation-induced CVDs. The molecular mechanism of age-related cellular senescence is believed to involve genomic instability and DNA damage response (DDR); the chronic inflammation associated with senescence causes cardiovascular damage. Therefore, vascular endothelial cell senescence is believed to induce the pathogenesis of CVDs after radiation exposure. The findings of several prior studies have revealed that ionizing radiation (IR) induces cellular senescence as well as cell death in ECs. We have previously reported that DDR activates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and NO production promotes endothelial senescence. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is a major isoform expressed in ECs that maintains cardiovascular homeostasis. Therefore, radiation-induced NO production, a component of the DDR in ECs, may be involved in CVDs after radiation exposure. In this article, we describe the pathology of radiation-induced CVD and the unique radio-response to radiation exposure in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nagane
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, US
| | - Tadashi Yamashita
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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15
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Tang FR, Liu L, Wang H, Ho KJN, Sethi G. Spatiotemporal dynamics of γH2AX in the mouse brain after acute irradiation at different postnatal days with special reference to the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15815-15832. [PMID: 34162763 PMCID: PMC8266370 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gamma H2A histone family member X (γH2AX) is a molecular marker of aging and disease. However, radiosensitivity of the different brain cells, including neurons, glial cells, cells in cerebrovascular system, epithelial cells in pia mater, ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain in immature animals at different postnatal days remains unknown. Whether radiation-induced γH2AX foci in immature brain persist in adult animals still needs to be investigated. Hence, using a mouse model, we showed an extensive postnatal age-dependent induction of γH2AX foci in different brain regions at 1 day after whole body gamma irradiation with 5Gy at postnatal day 3 (P3), P10 and P21. P3 mouse brain epithelial cells in pia mater, glial cells in white matter and cells in cerebrovascular system were more radiosensitive at one day after radiation exposure than those from P10 and P21 mice. Persistent DNA damage foci (PDDF) were consistently demonstrated in the brain at 120 days and 15 months after irradiation at P3, P10 and P21, and these mice had shortened lifespan compared to the age-matched control. Our results suggest that early life irradiation-induced PDDF at later stages of animal life may be related to the brain aging and shortened life expectancy of irradiated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ru Tang
- Radiation Physiology Lab, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Lian Liu
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Radiation Physiology Lab, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Kimberly Jen Ni Ho
- Radiation Physiology Lab, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
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16
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Liu YD, Tang G, Qian F, Liu L, Huang JR, Tang FR. Astroglial Connexins in Neurological and Neuropsychological Disorders and Radiation Exposure. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1970-1986. [PMID: 32520676 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200610175037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a common treatment for brain and spinal cord tumors and also a risk factor for neuropathological changes in the brain leading to different neurological and neuropsychological disorders. Astroglial connexins are involved in brain inflammation, development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), depressive, epilepsy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and are affected by radiation exposure. Therefore, it is speculated that radiation-induced changes of astroglial connexins may be related to the brain neuropathology and development of neurological and neuropsychological disorders. In this paper, we review the functional expression and regulation of astroglial connexins expressed between astrocytes and different types of brain cells (including oligodendrocytes, microglia, neurons and endothelial cells). The roles of these connexins in the development of AD, depressive, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and brain inflammation have also been summarized. The radiation-induced astroglial connexins changes and development of different neurological and neuropsychological disorders are then discussed. Based on currently available data, we propose that radiation-induced astroglial connexins changes may be involved in the genesis of different neurological and neuropsychological disorders which depends on the age, brain regions, and radiation doses/dose rates. The abnormal astroglial connexins may be novel therapeutic targets for the prevention of radiation-induced cognitive impairment, neurological and neuropsychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Duo Liu
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Ge Tang
- Woodlands Health Campus, National Healthcare Group Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Qian
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | | | - Feng Ru Tang
- Radiation Physiology Laboratory, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage: Emerging models and technologies. Radiother Oncol 2021; 158:21-32. [PMID: 33581220 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced endothelial/vascular injury is a major complicating factor in radiotherapy and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in nuclear or radiological catastrophes. Exposure of tissue to ionizing radiation (IR) leads to the release of oxygen radicals and proteases that result in loss of endothelial barrier function and leukocyte dysfunction leading to tissue injury and organ damage. Microvascular endothelial cells are particularly sensitive to IR and radiation-induced alterations in endothelial cell function are thought to be a critical factor in organ damage through endothelial cell activation, enhanced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, increased barrier permeability and initiation of apoptotic pathways. These radiation-induced inflammatory responses are important in early and late radiation pathologies in various organs. A better understanding of mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium dysfunction is therefore vital, as radiobiological response of endothelium is of major importance for medical management and therapeutic development for radiation injuries. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage and their impact on early and late radiation injury. Furthermore, we review established and emerging in vivo and in vitro models that have been developed to study the mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage and to design, develop and rapidly screen therapeutics for treatment of radiation-induced vascular damage. Currently there are no specific therapeutics available to protect against radiation-induced loss of endothelial barrier function, leukocyte dysfunction and resulting organ damage. Developing therapeutics to prevent endothelium dysfunction and normal tissue damage during radiotherapy can serve as the urgently needed medical countermeasures.
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18
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Brucein D modulates MAPK signaling cascade to exert multi-faceted anti-neoplastic actions against breast cancer cells. Biochimie 2021; 182:140-151. [PMID: 33484785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prominent type of malignancy among women with a high rate of mortality. A number of previous studies have demonstrated the anticancer potential of brucein D (BD), a quassinoid extracted from Brucea javanica, against the cancers of the pancreas, bone, and liver. We investigated the impact of BD on apoptotic as well on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades in breast cancer cells. The effect of BD on p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways and its downstream functions was deciphered in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. We noted that BD decreased the viability of breast cancer cells without affecting the growth of healthy mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that BD can increase sub-G1 cells and enhanced annexin-V-PI stained cells. The apoptogenic impact of BD was further substantiated by cleavage of procaspase-3/8 and downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-xL, XIAP, and survivin). Furthermore, BD also downmodulated the migratory ability, and chemokine triggered invasion of breast cancer cells. Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK kinases abrogated the observed anticancer actions of BD. Overall, the data indicated that BD can induce substantial apoptosis and interfere with cellular invasion by modulating MAPK signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.
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19
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Philipp J, Le Gleut R, von Toerne C, Subedi P, Azimzadeh O, Atkinson MJ, Tapio S. Radiation Response of Human Cardiac Endothelial Cells Reveals a Central Role of the cGAS-STING Pathway in the Development of Inflammation. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8040030. [PMID: 33114474 PMCID: PMC7709117 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced inflammation leading to the permeability of the endothelial barrier may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate potential mechanisms in vitro at the level of the proteome in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCECest2) that were exposed to radiation doses of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 2.0 and 10 Gy (60Co-γ). Proteomics analysis was performed using mass spectrometry in a label-free data-independent acquisition mode. The data were validated using bioinformatics and immunoblotting. The low- and moderate-dose-irradiated samples (0.25 Gy, 0.5 Gy) showed only scarce proteome changes. In contrast, an activation of DNA-damage repair, inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways was seen after the high-dose treatments (2 and 10 Gy). The level of the DNA damage response protein DDB2 was enhanced early at the 10 Gy dose. The expression of proteins belonging to the inflammatory response or cGAS-STING pathway (STING, STAT1, ICAM1, ISG15) increased in a dose-dependent manner, showing the strongest effects at 10 Gy after one week. This study suggests a connection between the radiation-induced DNA damage and the induction of inflammation which supports the inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway in the prevention of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Philipp
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.P.); (P.S.); (O.A.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Ronan Le Gleut
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Prabal Subedi
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.P.); (P.S.); (O.A.); (M.J.A.)
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection, BfS, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.P.); (P.S.); (O.A.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Michael J. Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.P.); (P.S.); (O.A.); (M.J.A.)
- Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Soile Tapio
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (J.P.); (P.S.); (O.A.); (M.J.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-3187-3445
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20
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Wang Q, Chi ZF, Wei D, Zhao ZA, Zhang H, Zhang LM, Liu YX, Kang AL, Zhao M, Wang P, Nie LH, Niu CY, Zhao ZG. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Inflammation Is Involved in the Impairment of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Induced by Post-hemorrhagic Shock Mesenteric Lymph. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1717. [PMID: 33013823 PMCID: PMC7509150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial injury caused by post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return is an important manifestation during refractory hemorrhagic shock. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and transcriptome analysis, this study sought to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the adverse effect of PHSML on vascular endothelium. Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph was collected from male rats after they underwent hemorrhagic shock and following resuscitation, while normal mesenteric lymph (NML) was harvested from sham rats. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with the culture medium containing either 10% phosphate buffered saline (Control), NML, or PHSML for 3 h, and then were harvested for RNA sequencing. In comparison with NML treated cells, 37 genes were differentially expressed in PHSML-treated HUVECs, including 32 upregulated genes and five downregulated genes. These differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory pathways, including signaling pathways for activation of the NOD-like receptors, NF-κB, and TNF. Furthermore, we found that C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was increased significantly after PHSML treatment, and Bindarit, a CCL2 production inhibitor, attenuated the damage of HUVECs induced by PHSML. The results provide molecular evidence on vascular endothelium damage caused by PHSML. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 might represent a new target for reducing vascular injury after severe hemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhen-Fen Chi
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wei
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Ao Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yan-Xu Liu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - An-Ling Kang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ling-Hu Nie
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yu Niu
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zi-Gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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Ju W, Lu W, Ding L, Bao Y, Hong F, Chen Y, Gao H, Xu X, Wang G, Wang W, Zhang X, Fu C, Qi K, Li Z, Xu K, Qiao J, Zeng L. PEDF promotes the repair of bone marrow endothelial cell injury and accelerates hematopoietic reconstruction after bone marrow transplantation. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:91. [PMID: 32873283 PMCID: PMC7466818 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preconditioning before bone marrow transplantation such as irradiation causes vascular endothelial cells damage and promoting the repair of damaged endothelial cells is beneficial for hematopoietic reconstitution. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) regulates vascular permeability. However, PEDF’s role in the repair of damaged endothelial cells during preconditioning remains unclear. The purpose of our study is to investigate PEDF’s effect on preconditioning-induced damage of endothelial cells and hematopoietic reconstitution. Methods Damaged endothelial cells induced by irradiation was co-cultured with hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the absence or presence of PEDF followed by analysis of HSC number, cell cycle, colony formation and differentiation. In addition, PEDF was injected into mice model of bone marrow transplantation followed by analysis of bone marrow injury, HSC number and peripheral hematopoietic reconstitution as well as the secretion of cytokines (SCF, TGF-β, IL-6 and TNF-α). Comparisons between two groups were performed by student t-test and multiple groups by one-way or two-way ANOVA. Results Damaged endothelial cells reduced HSC expansion and colony formation, induced HSC cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and promoted HSC differentiation as well as decreased PEDF expression. Addition of PEDF increased CD144 expression in damaged endothelial cells and inhibited the increase of endothelial permeability, which were abolished after addition of PEDF receptor inhibitor Atglistatin. Additionally, PEDF ameliorated the inhibitory effect of damaged endothelial cells on HSC expansion in vitro. Finally, PEDF accelerated hematopoietic reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation in mice and promoted the secretion of SCF, TGF-β and IL-6. Conclusions PEDF inhibits the increased endothelial permeability induced by irradiation and reverse the inhibitory effect of injured endothelial cells on hematopoietic stem cells and promote hematopoietic reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Lu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lan Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yurong Bao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fei Hong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guozhang Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kunming Qi
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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22
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Saccà SC, Vernazza S, Iorio EL, Tirendi S, Bassi AM, Gandolfi S, Izzotti A. Molecular changes in glaucomatous trabecular meshwork. Correlations with retinal ganglion cell death and novel strategies for neuroprotection. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 256:151-188. [PMID: 32958211 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss. Although significant advances in ophthalmologic knowledge and practice have been made, some glaucoma mechanisms are not yet understood, therefore, up to now there is no effective treatment able to ensure healing. Indeed, either pharmacological or surgical approaches to this disease aim in lowering intraocular pressure, which is considered the only modifiable risk factor. However, it is well known that several factors and metabolites are equally (if not more) involved in glaucoma. Oxidative stress, for instance, plays a pivotal role in both glaucoma onset and progression because it is responsible for the trabecular meshwork cell damage and, consequently, for intraocular pressure increase as well as for glaucomatous damage cascade. This review at first shows accurately the molecular-derived dysfunctions in antioxidant system and in mitochondria homeostasis which due to both oxidative stress and aging, lead to a chronic inflammation state, the trabecular meshwork damage as well as the glaucoma neurodegeneration. Therefore, the main molecular events triggered by oxidative stress up to the proapoptotic signals that promote the ganglion cell death have been highlighted. The second part of this review, instead, describes some of neuroprotective agents such as polyphenols or polyunsaturated fatty acids as possible therapeutic source against the propagation of glaucomatous damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio C Saccà
- Policlinico San Martino University Hospital, Department of Neuroscience and sense organs, Ophthalmology Unit, Genoa, Italy.
| | | | | | - Sara Tirendi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bassi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Gandolfi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Biological, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Mutagenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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