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Kalantar GH, Saraswat S, SantaCruz-Calvo S, Gholamrezaeinejad F, Javidan A, Agrawal M, Liu R, Kern PA, Zhang XD, Nikolajczyk BS. Fasting and Glucose Metabolism Differentially Impact Peripheral Inflammation in Human Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1404. [PMID: 38794641 PMCID: PMC11124302 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines produced by peripheral T-helper 1/17 cells disproportionately contribute to the inflammation (i.e., metaflammation) that fuels type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis. Shifts in the nutrient milieu could influence inflammation through changes in T-cell metabolism. We aimed to determine whether changes in glucose utilization alter cytokine profiles in T2D. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4+ T-cells, and CD4+CD25- T-effector (Teff) cells were isolated from age-matched humans classified by glycemic control and BMI. Cytokines secreted by CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMCs and Teff were measured in supernatants with multiplex cytokine assays and a FLEXMAP-3D. Metabolic activity of stimulated CD4+ T-cells was measured by a Seahorse XFe96 analyzer. In this study, we demonstrated that T-cell stimulated PBMCs from non-fasted people with T2D produced higher amounts of cytokines compared to fasting. Although dysglycemia characterizes T2D, cytokine production by PBMCs or CD4+ T-cells in T2D was unaltered by hyperglycemic media. Moreover, pharmacological suppression of mitochondrial glucose oxidation did not change T-cell metabolism in T2D, yet enhanced cytokine competency. In conclusion, fasting and glucose metabolism differentially impact peripheral inflammation in human T2D, suggesting that glucose, along with fatty acid metabolites per our previous work, partner to regulate metaflammation. These data expose a major disconnect in the use of glycemic control drugs to target T2D-associated metaflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella H. Kalantar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Shubh Saraswat
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (S.S.); (X.D.Z.)
| | - Sara SantaCruz-Calvo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA (F.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Fatemeh Gholamrezaeinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA (F.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Aida Javidan
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA (F.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Madhur Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA (F.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Philip A. Kern
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xiaohua Douglas Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (S.S.); (X.D.Z.)
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA (F.G.); (A.J.)
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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2
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Michurina S, Agareva M, Zubkova E, Menshikov M, Stafeev I, Parfyonova Y. IL-4 activates the futile triacylglyceride cycle for glucose utilization in white adipocytes. Biochem J 2024; 481:329-344. [PMID: 38323641 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The development of cardiometabolic complications during obesity is strongly associated with chronic latent inflammation in hypertrophied adipose tissue (AT). IL-4 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, playing a protective role against insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and weight gain. The positive effects of IL-4 are associated not only with the activation of anti-inflammatory immune cells in AT, but also with the modulation of adipocyte metabolism. IL-4 is known to activate lipolysis and glucose uptake in adipocytes, but the precise regulatory mechanisms and physiological significance of these processes remain unclear. In this study, we detail IL-4 effects on glucose and triacylglycerides (TAGs) metabolism and propose mechanisms of IL-4 metabolic action in adipocytes. We have shown that IL-4 activates glucose oxidation, lipid droplet (LD) fragmentation, lipolysis and thermogenesis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We found that lipolysis was not accompanied by fatty acids (FAs) release from adipocytes, suggesting FA re-esterification. Moreover, glucose oxidation and thermogenesis stimulation depended on adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL) activity, but not the uncoupling protein (UCP1) expression. Based on these data, IL-4 may activate the futile TAG-FA cycle in adipocytes, which enhances the oxidative activity of cells and heat production. Thus, the positive effect of IL-4 on systemic metabolism can be the result of the activation of non-canonical thermogenic mechanism in AT, increasing TAG turnover and utilization of excessive glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Michurina
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Agareva
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zubkova
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iurii Stafeev
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology named after academician E.I.Chazov, 121552, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Marco-Bonilla M, Fresnadillo M, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G, Mediero A. Energy Regulation in Inflammatory Sarcopenia by the Purinergic System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16904. [PMID: 38069224 PMCID: PMC10706580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purinergic system has a dual role: the maintenance of energy balance and signaling within cells. Adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are essential for maintaining these functions. Sarcopenia is characterized by alterations in the control of energy and signaling in favor of catabolic pathways. This review details the association between the purinergic system and muscle and adipose tissue homeostasis, discussing recent findings in the involvement of purinergic receptors in muscle wasting and advances in the use of the purinergic system as a novel therapeutic target in the management of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aránzazu Mediero
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (M.F.); (R.L.); (G.H.-B.)
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4
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Bourebaba L, Serwotka-Suszczak A, Bourebaba N, Zyzak M, Marycz K. The PTP1B Inhibitor Trodusquemine (MSI-1436) Improves Glucose Uptake in Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affected Liver through Anti-Inflammatory and Antifibrotic Activity. Int J Inflam 2023; 2023:3803056. [PMID: 37808009 PMCID: PMC10560121 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3803056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperactivation of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) has been associated with several metabolic malfunctions ranging from insulin resistance, metaflammation, lipotoxicity, and hyperglycaemia. Liver metabolism failure has been proposed as a core element in underlying endocrine disorders through persistent inflammation and highly fibrotic phenotype. Methods In this study, the outcomes of PTP1B inhibition using trodusquemine (MSI-1436) on key equine metabolic syndrome (EMS)-related alterations including inflammation, fibrosis, and glucose uptake have been analyzed in liver explants collected from EMS-affected horses using various analytical techniques, namely, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Results PTP1B inhibition using trodusquemine resulted in decreased proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) release from liver and PBMC affected by EMS and regulated expression of major proinflammatory microRNAs such as miR-802 and miR-211. Moreover, MSI-1436 enhanced the anti-inflammatory profile of livers by elevating the expression of IL-10 and IL-4 and activating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in treated PBMC. Similarly, the inhibitor attenuated fibrogenic pathways in the liver by downregulating TGF-β/NOX1/4 axis and associated MMP-2/9 overactivation. Interestingly, PTP1B inhibition ameliorated the expression of TIMP-1 and Smad7, both important antifibrotic mediators. Furthermore, application of MSI-1436 was found to augment the abundance of glycosylated Glut-2, which subsequently expanded the glucose absorption in the EMS liver, probably due to an enhanced Glut-2 stability and half-life onto the plasma cell membranes. Conclusion Taken together, the presented data suggest that the PTP1B inhibition strategy and the use of its specific inhibitor MSI-1436 represents a promising option for the improvement of liver tissue integrity and homeostasis in the course of EMS and adds more insights for ongoing clinical trials for human MetS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Anna Serwotka-Suszczak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Nabila Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zyzak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, USA
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Hemmati S, Rasekhi Kazerooni H. Polypharmacological Cell-Penetrating Peptides from Venomous Marine Animals Based on Immunomodulating, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Properties. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120763. [PMID: 36547910 PMCID: PMC9787916 DOI: 10.3390/md20120763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex pathological diseases, such as cancer, infection, and Alzheimer's, need to be targeted by multipronged curative. Various omics technologies, with a high rate of data generation, demand artificial intelligence to translate these data into druggable targets. In this study, 82 marine venomous animal species were retrieved, and 3505 cryptic cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) were identified in their toxins. A total of 279 safe peptides were further analyzed for antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory characteristics. Protease-resistant CPPs with endosomal-escape ability in Hydrophis hardwickii, nuclear-localizing peptides in Scorpaena plumieri, and mitochondrial-targeting peptides from Synanceia horrida were suitable for compartmental drug delivery. A broad-spectrum S. horrida-derived antimicrobial peptide with a high binding-affinity to bacterial membranes was an antigen-presenting cell (APC) stimulator that primes cytokine release and naïve T-cell maturation simultaneously. While antibiofilm and wound-healing peptides were detected in Synanceia verrucosa, APC epitopes as universal adjuvants for antiviral vaccination were in Pterois volitans and Conus monile. Conus pennaceus-derived anticancer peptides showed antiangiogenic and IL-2-inducing properties with moderate BBB-permeation and were defined to be a tumor-homing peptide (THP) with the ability to inhibit programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1). Isoforms of RGD-containing peptides with innate antiangiogenic characteristics were in Conus tessulatus for tumor targeting. Inhibitors of neuropilin-1 in C. pennaceus are proposed for imaging probes or therapeutic delivery. A Conus betulinus cryptic peptide, with BBB-permeation, mitochondrial-targeting, and antioxidant capacity, was a stimulator of anti-inflammatory cytokines and non-inducer of proinflammation proposed for Alzheimer's. Conclusively, we have considered the dynamic interaction of cells, their microenvironment, and proportional-orchestrating-host- immune pathways by multi-target-directed CPPs resembling single-molecule polypharmacology. This strategy might fill the therapeutic gap in complex resistant disorders and increase the candidates' clinical-translation chance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Hemmati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345-1583, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345-1583, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-7132-424-128
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Chen M, Wang Y, Deng S, Lian Z, Yu K. Skeletal muscle oxidative stress and inflammation in aging: Focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:964130. [PMID: 36111339 PMCID: PMC9470179 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.964130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With aging, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle will have negative effect on multiple physiological parameters, such as exercise, respiration, thermoregulation, and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence reveals that oxidative stress and inflammation are the main pathological characteristics of skeletal muscle during aging. Here, we focus on aging-related sarcopenia, summarize the relationship between aging and sarcopenia, and elaborate on aging-mediated oxidative stress and oxidative damage in skeletal muscle and its critical role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the production of excessive reactive oxygen species in aging skeletal muscle, which reduces the ability of skeletal muscle satellite cells to participate in muscle regeneration, and analyze the potential molecular mechanism of ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we have also paid extensive attention to the possibility and potential regulatory pathways of skeletal muscle aging and oxidative stress mediate inflammation. Finally, in response to the abnormal activity of oxidative stress and inflammation during aging, we summarize several potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of sarcopenia, which may provide beneficial help for improving sarcopenia during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization, Lin’an, China
| | - Shoulong Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
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7
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Knežić T, Janjušević L, Djisalov M, Yodmuang S, Gadjanski I. Using Vertebrate Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cellular Agriculture, State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:699. [PMID: 35625626 PMCID: PMC9138761 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global food systems are under significant pressure to provide enough food, particularly protein-rich foods whose demand is on the rise in times of crisis and inflation, as presently existing due to post-COVID-19 pandemic effects and ongoing conflict in Ukraine and resulting in looming food insecurity, according to FAO. Cultivated meat (CM) and cultivated seafood (CS) are protein-rich alternatives for traditional meat and fish that are obtained via cellular agriculture (CA) i.e., tissue engineering for food applications. Stem and progenitor cells are the building blocks and starting point for any CA bioprocess. This review presents CA-relevant vertebrate cell types and procedures needed for their myogenic and adipogenic differentiation since muscle and fat tissue are the primary target tissues for CM/CS production. The review also describes existing challenges, such as a need for immortalized cell lines, or physical and biochemical parameters needed for enhanced meat/fat culture efficiency and ways to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Knežić
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Ljiljana Janjušević
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Mila Djisalov
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Supansa Yodmuang
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Ivana Gadjanski
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
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Michurina S, Stafeev I, Beloglazova I, Zubkova E, Mamontova E, Kopylov A, Shevchenko E, Menshikov M, Parfyonova Y. Regulation of Glucose Transport in Adipocytes by Interleukin-4. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:127-136. [PMID: 35298287 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus are known to be associated with adipose tissue inflammation and impaired secretion of cytokines. Anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) was found to promote insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and reduce lipid accumulation in vivo through multiple mechanisms, including direct regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. However, little is known about its role in adipocyte glucose metabolism. This study reveals that IL-4 upregulates glucose uptake in adipocytes without additional activation of the insulin-dependent IRS1 (insulin receptor substrate 1)-Akt (protein kinase B) pathway. Moreover, the main transcription factor STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6), regulated by IL-4, was not involved in adipocyte glucose uptake. The proteomic results showed that IL-4 upregulates expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, renewal, and glucose oxidation. Our study provides a new hypothesis, explaining protective effects of IL-4 against metabolic abnormalities through activation of adipocytes glucose utilization and maintenance of mitochondrial function under metabolic overload conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Michurina
- National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State Unversity, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iurii Stafeev
- National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Elizaveta Mamontova
- National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State Unversity, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artur Kopylov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Yelena Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State Unversity, Moscow, Russia
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Chang YH, Yang HJ, Chen HW, Hsiao CW, Hsieh YC, Chan YW, Chang SW, Hwang WL, Chen WS, Cheng HH, Chou TY, Chang FP, Ho HL, Chu FY, Lo YL, Chen CJ, Tsai HF, Shiau MY. Characterization of Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 in Colorectal Cancer Progression in Subjects with Diabetic Comorbidity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040727. [PMID: 35203376 PMCID: PMC8869905 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common demographic risk factors are identified in colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), nevertheless, the molecular link and mechanism for CRC-DM comorbidity remain elusive. Dysregulated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta under metabolic imbalance is suggested to accelerate CRC pathogenesis/progression via regulating collpasin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2). Accordingly, roles of CRMP2 in CRC and CRC-DM patients were investigated for elucidating the molecular convergence of CRC and DM. METHODS CRMP2 profile in tumor tissues from CRC and CRC-DM patients was investigated to explore the link between CRC and DM etiology. Meanwhile, molecular mechanism of glucose to regulate CRMP2 profile and CRC characteristics was examined in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS CRMP2 was significantly lower in tumor lesions and associated with advanced tumor stage in CRC-DM patients. Physiological hyperglycemia suppressed CRMP2 expression/activity and augmented malignant characteristics of CRC cells. Hyperglycemia promotes actin de-polymerization, cytoskeleton flexibility and cell proliferation/metastasis by downregulating CRMP2 profile and thus contributes to CRC disease progression. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers molecular evidence to substantiate and elucidate the link between CRC and T2DM, as well as characterizing the roles of CRMP2 in CRC-DM. Accordingly, altered metabolic adaptations are promising targets for anti-diabetic and cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Hsin Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Hui-Ju Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (H.-H.C.)
| | - Huan-Wen Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Yu-Wei Chan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Shu-Wen Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (H.-J.Y.); (H.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Wei-Shone Chen
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (H.-H.C.)
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (H.-H.C.)
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ying Chou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (F.-P.C.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Fu-Pang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (F.-P.C.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (F.-P.C.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Fang-Yeh Chu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lo
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yuh Shiau
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-26318652 (ext. 7090)
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Inflammation and sarcopenia: A focus on circulating inflammatory cytokines. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111544. [PMID: 34478826 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aged-related syndrome that is progressive and can be accelerated by other concomitant disease states. Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, reduced muscle strength, and/or reduced physical performance, is one of the main reasons for limitation of daily activities in the elderly. It is associated with an increased incidence of many adverse events, such as dysfunction, falls, weakness, hospitalization, disability and even death. Sarcopenia justifies one of the most widely accepted theories that low-grade chronic inflammation associated with aging, known as inflammatory aging, is important to the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Currently, the diagnosis of sarcopenia is based on a comprehensive assessment of three aspects: muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. The measurement of muscle mass is complicated, as the measurement of muscle strength and gait speed is easily affected by the physical conditions of the subjects. This makes the measurements inaccurate and prospective, and it is difficult to achieve continuous, purposeful monitoring. In addition, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines change as inflammatory states develop in the elderly population. This manuscript focuses on the correlation between serum inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia in recent years, plus the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Cell Types Used for Cultured Meat Production and the Importance of Myokines. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102318. [PMID: 34681367 PMCID: PMC8534705 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The world’s population continues to increase, meaning we require more consistent protein supply to meet demand. Despite the availability of plant-based protein alternatives, animal meat remains a popular, high-quality protein source. Research studies have focused on cultured meat (meat grown in vitro) as a safe and more efficient alternative to traditional meat. Cultured meat is produced by in vitro myogenesis, which involves the processing of muscle satellite and mature muscle cells. Meat culture efficiency is largely determined by the culture conditions, such as the cell type and cell culture medium used and the biomolecular composition. Protein production can be enhanced by providing the optimum biochemical and physical conditions for skeletal muscle cell growth, while myoblasts play important roles in skeletal muscle formation and growth. This review describes the cell types used to produce cultured meat and the biological effects of various myokines and cytokines, such as interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, interleukin-4, interleukin-15, and interleukin-1β, on skeletal muscle and myogenesis and their potential roles in cultured meat production.
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12
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Hsieh CC, Wang YF, Lin PY, Peng SH, Chou MJ. Seed peptide lunasin ameliorates obesity-induced inflammation and regulates immune responses in C57BL/6J mice fed high-fat diet. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111908. [PMID: 33290807 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity causes immune cells to infiltrate into adipose tissues and secrete proinflammatory mediators, promoting the development of chronic diseases. The seed peptide lunasin has been reported to have several bioactivities. We aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of lunasin in obese models. Female and male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: low-fat diet (LF), high-fat diet (HF), and HF with an intraperitoneal injection of lunasin (HFL). In females, lunasin decreased the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) produced in peritoneal macrophages, indicating a decrease in F4/80+ macrophage infiltration, especially the CD11c + M1 phenotype. Serum leptin and tissue-oxidized lipid malondialdehyde levels were decreased in the HFL group. In males, lunasin normalized the obesity-induced increase in spleen size and splenocyte numbers. Moreover, lunasin inhibited IL-6 secretion while promoting interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-2 production in the splenocytes. In vitro, lunasin increased EL-4 T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production in activated T cells under obese conditions. Thus, lunasin is a potential natural compound that promotes immunomodulation in both female and male obese mice in a sex-dependent manner. Furthermore, lunasin mediates the anti-inflammatory response and enhances the T helper type 1 cell response to obesity-related immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chien Hsieh
- Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Fang Wang
- Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Yu Lin
- Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Han Peng
- Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Jia Chou
- Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
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13
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Cheng YJ, Liu CC, Chu FY, Yang CP, Hsiao CW, Chuang CW, Shiau MY, Lee HT, Tsai JN, Chang YH. Oxygenated Water Inhibits Adipogenesis and Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155493. [PMID: 32752112 PMCID: PMC7432369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of adipose tissue mass is the primary characteristic of the process of becoming obesity, which causes chronic adipose inflammation and is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipocyte hypertrophy restricts oxygen availability, leading to microenvironmental hypoxia and adipose dysfunction. This study aimed at investigating the effects of oxygenated water (OW) on adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and the metabolic function of mature adipocytes. The effects of OW on adipogenesis and the metabolic function of mature adipocytes were examined. Meanwhile, the in vivo metabolic effects of long-term OW consumption on diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice were investigated. OW inhibited adipogenesis and lipid accumulation through down-regulating critical adipogenic transcription factors and lipogenic enzymes. While body weight, blood and adipose parameters were not significantly improved by long-term OW consumption, transient circulatory triglyceride-lowering and glucose tolerance-improving effects were identified. Notably, hepatic lipid contents were significantly reduced, indicating that the DIO-induced hepatic steatosis was attenuated, despite no improvements in fibrosis and lipid contents in adipose tissue being observed in the OW-drinking DIO mice. The study provides evidence regarding OW’s effects on adipogenesis and mature adipocytes, and the corresponding molecular mechanisms. OW exhibits transient triglyceride-lowering and glucose tolerance-improving activity as well as hepatic steatosis-attenuating functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Jen Cheng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Chi Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Fang-Yeh Chu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Wei Chuang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Ming-Yuh Shiau
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Te Lee
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Hsin Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2826-7955; Fax: 886-2-2821-9240
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14
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Interleukin-4 Improves Metabolic Abnormalities in Leptin-Deficient and High-Fat Diet Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124451. [PMID: 32585823 PMCID: PMC7352748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disorder that results from complex interactions between genetic predisposition and dietary factors. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), besides its role in immunity, has metabolic effects on insulin efficacy. We studied the effects of IL-4 on metabolic abnormalities in a mice model of obesity involving leptin deficiency and leptin resistance. Leptin-deficient 145E and leptin-resistant high-fat diet (HFD) mice showed lower levels of circulating IL-4. 145E and HFD mice showed a number of abnormalities: Obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, liver injury, and adiposity with concurrent inflammation, decreases in Akt, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and STAT6 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus, liver, and epididymal fat. Independent of leptin-deficient obesity and dietary obesity, a course of 8-week IL-4 supplementation improved obesity and impairment in Akt, STAT3, and STAT6 signaling. Amelioration of cytokine expression, despite variable extents, was closely linked with the actions of IL-4. Additionally, the browning of white adipocytes by IL-4 was found in epididymal white adipose tissues and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Chronic exercise, weight management, and probiotics are recommended to overweight patients and IL-4 signaling is associated with clinical improvement. Thus, IL-4 could be a metabolic regulator and antiobesity candidate for the treatment of obesity and its complications.
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Chang YH, Tsai JN, Chang SW, Hsu WT, Yang CP, Hsiao CW, Shiau MY. Regulation of Adipogenesis and Lipid Deposits by Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062172. [PMID: 32245267 PMCID: PMC7139951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As emerging evidence suggesting neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic diseases have common pathogenesis, we hypothesized that the neurite outgrowth-controlling collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) was involved in energy homeostasis. Therefore, putative roles of CRMP2 in adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and lipid metabolism were explored and addressed in this study. CRMP2 expression profiles were in vitro and in vivo characterized during adipogenic process of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, respectively. Effects of CRMP2 on lipid metabolism and deposits were also analyzed. Our data revealed that CRMP2 expression pattern was coupled with adipogenic stages. CRMP2 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation at MCE phase, and significantly reduced lipid contents by down-regulating adipogenesis-driving transcription factors and lipid-synthesizing enzymes. Interestingly, GLUT4 translocation and the lipid droplets fusion were disturbed in CRMP2-silencing cells by affecting actin polymerization. Moreover, adipose CRMP2 was significantly increased in DIO mice, indicating CRMP2 is associated with obesity. Accordingly, CRMP2 exerts multiple functions in adipogenesis and lipid deposits through mediating cell proliferation, glucose/lipid metabolism and cytoskeleton dynamics. The present study identifies novel roles of CRMP2 in mediating adipogenesis and possible implication in metabolic disorders, as well as provides molecular evidence supporting the link of pathogenesis between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Hsin Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-T.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-T.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Wei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-T.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Ching-Ping Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-T.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-W.C.); (W.-T.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-W.H.)
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yuh Shiau
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-4-26318652 (ext. 7090); Fax: +886-4-26331198
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