Effects of a 6-Week Faroese Chain Dance Programme on Postural Balance, Physical Function, and Health Profile in Elderly Subjects: A Pilot Study

Efficacy of Unsupervised YouTube Dance Exercise for Patients With Hypertension: Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND

High blood pressure (BP) is linked to unhealthy lifestyles, and its treatment includes medications and exercise therapy. Many previous studies have evaluated the effects of exercise on BP improvement; however, exercise requires securing a location, time, and staff, which can be challenging in clinical settings. The antihypertensive effects of dance exercise for patients with hypertension have already been verified, and it has been found that adherence and dropout rates are better compared to other forms of exercise. If the burden of providing dance instruction is reduced, dance exercise will become a highly useful intervention for hypertension treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the effects of regular exercise therapy using dance videos on the BP of patients with hypertension, with the goal of providing a reference for prescribing exercise therapy that is highly feasible in clinical settings.

METHODS

This nonblind, double-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Juntendo University, Tokyo, from April to December 2023. A total of 40 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (dance) or a control group (self-selected exercise), with each group comprising 20 participants. The intervention group performed daily dance exercises using street dance videos (10 min per video) uploaded to YouTube. The control group was instructed to choose any exercise other than dance and perform it for 10 minutes each day. The activity levels of the participants were monitored using a triaxial accelerometer. BP and body composition were measured on the day of participation and after 2 months. During the intervention period, we did not provide exercise instruction or supervise participants' activities.

RESULTS

A total of 34 patients were included in the study (16 in the intervention group and 18 in the control group). The exclusion criteria were the absence of BP data, medication changes, or withdrawal from the study. The mean age was 56 (SD 9.8) years, and 18 (53%) of the patients were female. The mean BMI was 28.0 (SD 6.3) m/kg2, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 139.5 (SD 17.1) mm Hg and 85.8 (SD 9.1) mm Hg, respectively. The basic characteristics did not differ between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, SBP and DBP improved significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group (mean SBP -12.8, SD 6.1 mm Hg; P=.047; mean DBP -9.7, SD 3.3 mm Hg; P=.006).

CONCLUSIONS

This study evaluated the effects of dance exercise on patients with hypertension, as previously verified, under the additional condition of using dance videos without direct staff instruction or supervision. The results showed that dance videos were more effective in lowering BP than conventional exercise prescriptions.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

University Hospital Medical Information Network UMIN 000051251; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000058446.

Examining arts and creativity in later life and its impact on older people's health and wellbeing: a systematic review of the evidence

AIM

There is a growing recognition of the contribution that participation in group-based arts and creativity interventions makes to our health and wellbeing. Despite this acknowledgement, more empirical investigation is required to more fully understand its impact. The aim of this mixed-method systematic review was to develop a better understanding of the evidence on the impact of arts and creativity on older people's physical and psychological health and wellbeing.

METHOD

Extensive searches of 14 electronic bibliographic databases were carried out using predefined search criteria for the period 2013-2020. Ninety-three studies were included within the review and appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

RESULTS

Dance was the most common form of arts identified within studies, followed by music and singing. Dance was associated with improved balance, lower body physical strength, flexibility, and aerobic fitness in older adults. Promising evidence showed that music and singing on a regular basis were associated with improved cognitive function, quality of life, affective states and a sense of wellbeing in older adults. Preliminary evidence showed that visual and creative arts were associated with reduced feelings of loneliness, improved sense of community and social connectedness. Initial evidence showed that theatre and drama were associated with emotional wellbeing; however, more evidence is required in this area.

CONCLUSION

The evidence shows that participation in group-based arts and creativity can have positive physical, mental, and social health impacts for older adults, ageing and for population health. These findings support the importance of participation in the arts for older adults, especially for the promotion of positive health and for the prevention, or mitigation, of ill health in later life for both public health and the arts and creativity agenda.

Moving Towards a Medicine of Dance: A Scoping Review of Characteristics of Dance Interventions Targeting Older Adults and a Theoretical Framework

Background

Dance combines cultural and aesthetic elements with behaviors important for brain health, including physical activity, social engagement, and cognitive challenge. Therefore, dance could positively impact public health given the rapidly aging population, increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and lack of uptake of exercise in many older adults. Despite a high volume of literature, existing literature does not support evidence-based guidelines for dance to support healthy aging.

Objective

To conduct a scoping review of the dance intervention literature in older adults and provide information to facilitate a more consistent approach among scientists in designing dance interventions for older adults that stimulate physical and neurocognitive health adaptations.

Methods

Study characteristics (sample size, population, study design, outcomes, intervention details) were ascertained from 112 separate studies of dance reported in 127 papers that reported outcomes important for brain health (cardiorespiratory fitness, balance and mobility, cognition, mood, and quality of life).

Results

High heterogeneity across studies was evident. Class frequency ranged from < 1 to 5 classes per week, class length from 30-120 minutes, and intervention duration from 2 weeks to 18 months. Studies often did not randomize participants, had small (< 30) sample sizes, and used varied comparator conditions. Over 50 tests of cognition, 40 dance forms, and 30 tests of mobility were identified.

Conclusions

Based on these results, important future directions are establishing common data elements, developing intervention mapping and mechanistic modeling, and testing dosing parameters to strengthen and focus trial design of future studies and generate evidence-based guidelines for dance.

Impact of Sharing Dance Older Adults on Physical and Psychosocial Outcomes

Dance for older adults is increasingly being used to support health and well-being. While dance may be enjoyable for many, understanding its benefits for those with limited physical and cognitive abilities may provide further support for how dance may be used in these contexts. This was a study of Sharing Dance Older Adults, a dance program with remotely streamed sessions. Data were collected from 48 older adults who took part in the On Your Feet version of the program, and from 38 who took part in the In Your Seat version. Measures included interviews, physical fitness tests and surveys on mood, quality of life, and program satisfaction. Physical fitness significantly improved for both groups, unlike for mood, social well-being, or quality of life. This contrasts with qualitative findings, with participants reporting how the program enhanced their mood, social interactions, and quality of life.

The Impact of Aerobic Dance Intervention on Postural Balance in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aimed to investigate the impact of an 8-week aerobic dance intervention on postural balance in children. Forty-one children, aged 9 to 11, were randomly assigned to either an aerobic dance group (ADG) or a control group (CG) from a primary school. Postural balance was assessed using center of pressure (CoP) excursions before and after the 8-week intervention period. Evaluations were conducted on both firm and foam surfaces in bipedal and unipedal stances under open-eyes (OE) and closed-eyes (CE) conditions, as well as on both medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) surfaces in a bipedal stance under OE conditions. The ADG exhibited significantly decreased CoPVm values during firm bipedal CE, unipedal OE, foam bipedal OE and CE, and foam unipedal OE (p < 0.005). This study suggests that aerobic dance intervention improved postural balance in children, showcasing adaptability and improved stability under various conditions.

Effectiveness of dance interventions for falls prevention in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION

Fall prevention is a global health priority. Strength and balance exercise programmes are effective at reducing falls. Emerging literature suggests dance is an enjoyable and sociable form of exercise. However, there is little evidence that dance reduces fall incidence.

METHODS

Systematic review and meta-analysis examining effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of dance for falls prevention in older adults. Five databases were searched with no restrictions on publication date or intervention settings. Risk of bias was assessed using variants of Cochrane Risk of bias tools, Mixed-Methods Appraisal and Drummond checklist as appropriate. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.

RESULTS

Forty-one studies were included (19 RCTs, 13 quasi-experimental, two mixed-method, seven observational studies, 2,451 participants). Five types of dance interventions were identified: ballroom and Latin dance, dance exercise, cultural dance, dance therapy, and low-impact dance. Meta-analysis was only possible for functional outcome measures: Timed-Up-and-Go (dance versus usual care, mean difference (MD) = 1.36; 95% CI -3.57 to 0.85), Sit-to-Stand (dance versus exercise MD = -0.85; 95% CI -2.64 to 0.93: dance versus education MD = -1.64; 95% CI -4.12 to 0.85), Berg Balance Scale (dance versus usual care MD = 0.61; 95% CI -4.26 to 5.47). There was unexplained variance in effects and no significant differences between intervention and control groups. Overall, certainty of evidence was very low; we are uncertain about the effect of dance interventions in reducing falls.

CONCLUSIONS

There is very low certainty evidence for dance as an alternative to strength and balance training if the aim is to prevent falls. No robust evidence on the cost-effectiveness of dance interventions for the prevention of falls was found.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION

CRD42022382908.

The effect of aerobic dancing on physical fitness and cognitive function in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic-a natural experiment

During the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the physical activity of older adults is at a lower level. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of aerobic dancing on physical fitness and cognitive function in older adults. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 34 older adults who were assigned into an aerobic dancing group and a control group. Three dance sessions weekly for 60 ​min were scheduled for the aerobic dancing group for a total of 12 weeks. Physical fitness, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, cognitive function were assessed before and after the intervention. Baseline adjusted Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine whether outcome variables varied between groups at pre-test and post-test. Effect size (Cohen's d) was calculated to determine the differences between groups from baseline to post-test. After 12 weeks, we found that the aerobic dancing group showed significant improvement in memory (portrait memory: F ​= ​10.45, p ​= ​0.003, d ​= ​1.18). The Limit of Stability (LOS) parameters in the aerobic dancing group displayed a significant increase after the intervention (right angle: F ​= ​5.90, p ​= ​0.022, d ​= ​0.60; right-anterior angle: F ​= ​4.23, p ​= ​0.049, d ​= ​0.12). Some beneficial effects were found on flexibility, grip strength, balance and subjective well-being (sit and reach: F ​= ​0.25, p ​= ​0.62, d ​= ​-0.40; grip strength: F ​= ​3.38, p ​= ​0.08, d ​= ​0.89; one-legged standing with eyes closed: F ​= ​1.26, p ​= ​0.27, d ​= ​0.50) in the aerobic dancing group. Aerobic dancing training was effective in improving memory and balance ability in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. In the future, aerobic dancing is a promising tool to encourage physical activity in older adults.

The effect of dance on physical health and cognition in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Dancing is an attractive form of exercise among older adults and may positively influence physical and psychosocial health. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence examining the dance prescription and effectiveness of dance in community dwelling older adults.

METHODS

Eight databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of dance programs on community-dwelling older adults from 2007 to December 2020. Data regarding participants, dance programs and outcomes of interest were extracted and narratively synthesized. A meta-analysis was performed on the outcome data where possible.

RESULTS

Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, of those 15 were deemed to be fair quality and 7 high quality using the PEDro scale. Nineteen studies included in the meta-analysis found that dancing can improve mobility and endurance compared to no intervention and afforded equivalent outcomes compared to other exercise programs.

CONCLUSION

The findings suggest that dance is an effective, safe and viable activity for community-dwelling older adults..

Influence of Dance Programmes on Gait Parameters and Physical Parameters of the Lower Body in Older People: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: The regular practice of dancing benefits the physical condition, improving quality of life and minimising the adverse effects of ageing. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the impact of dance programmes by quantifying different physical parameters of the lower body in older adults. (2) Methods: A systematic qualitative review in the English language (PubMed, Scopus, OvidSP, Cochrane and PEDro database) until mid-2020 considering the PRISMA guidelines and the PEDro quality criteria considering the following parameters of gait: stride length and width, speed. Physical parameters: flexion and dorsiflexion joint, muscle strength and range of motion were carried out. (3) Results: 9 studies with a population of 544 subjects from 5 continents and 6 types of dances were taken into account. The improvement of some parameters over others depended on the type of dance and the movements generated, having moderate positive effects on strength, agility, mobility and balance. (4) Conclusions: there is a general improvement in the functional capacity of the elderly through the practice of ballroom dancing, with specific improvement of each parameter depending on the type of dance.

Integrated Nutritional Supports for Diabetic Patients During COVID-19 Infection: A Comprehensive Review

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine metabolic disorder, which affects the major organs in human and comorbid with others. Besides, diabetic patients are more prone to various infectious diseases as well as COVID-19 sporadic infection which is a high risk for patients with diabetes mellitus. To combat these infections and comorbid situations, an integrated balanced nutritional supportive could help in maintaining sound health and increase immunity for prevention and management of such type of viral infections.

OBJECTIVES

While information regarding nutritional supports in COVID-19 pandemic in diabetic patients is not available, this review aimed to accumulate the evidence from previous publications where studied about nutrition-based supports or interventions for viral diseases with special emphasis on respiratory infections.

METHODS

For reviewing, searches are done for getting journal articles into Google Scholar, Pub Med/Medline, Database of Open Access Journal and Science Direct for relevant data and information.

RESULTS

Integrated nutritional supports of both macronutrients and micronutrients guidelines, including home-based physical exercise schedule, is summarized in this comprehensive review for possible prevention and management of diabetic patients in COVID-19 infections. The immuneboosting benefits of some vitamins, trace elements, nutraceuticals and probiotics in viral infections of diabetic patients are also included.

CONCLUSION

There is an urgent need for a healthy diet and integrated nutritional supports with home-based physical activities for diabetic patients during the self-isolation period of COVID-19 Infection.

Multimodal Therapeutic Approach in Women with High Risk of Metabolic Syndrome-A Single Group One Center Pre-Post Study

The study aims to determine the impact of multimodal therapeutic approach on self-perceived stress in women with high risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The study involved 43 women aged 60 years and over (mean 68.6 ± 6.5) participating in a Mental Health Promotion Program. Over the 3-month course of the project, all of the participants attended meetings of a support group (60-min sessions twice a week). During these meetings, they took part in general fitness training (20 min), dancing (20 min), as well as health-promoting education and psychoeducation sessions (20 min). Moreover, the participants were encouraged to modify their diet to reduce their daily fat and sugar intake. Stress levels were assessed using the Perception of Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Mood was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). In all of the subjects, a body composition analysis was performed using a Tanita BC-545N analyzer. Abdomen and hip circumference were measured to determine the waist-hip ratio. Weight and height were measured to determine the BMI score. At the beginning of the project, the intensity of stress correlated with the level of depressive symptoms (GDS), Body Mass Index (BDI), and the amount of visceral fat. Three months of participation in the Mental Health Promotion Program resulted in a significant reduction in stress intensity (p < 0.01). At the end of the project, all of the participants expressed their willingness to continue their participation in the classes, which is very important as there is a need to conduct long-term health-promoting activities in the age group in question.

Relation of Physical Activity Level to Postural Balance in Obese and Overweight Spanish Adult Males: A Cross-Sectional Study

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of physical activity level on postural control in obese and overweight Spanish adult males. Forty-three males aged between 25 and 60 years old were included. Anthropometric, body composition, and physical activity variables were assessed, and postural control was evaluated using the Sensory Organization Test. No correlation was found between the level of physical activity and postural control, assessed by the Sensory Organization Test within the whole sample. However, within the group with a higher total fat mass percentage, non-sedentary individuals presented improved scores on the somatosensory organization test when compared to sedentary individuals (96.9 ± 1.8 vs. 95.4 ± 1.2; p < 0.05) and poorer scores on the composite equilibrium score (73.4 ± 7.2 vs. 79.2 ± 6.9; p < 0.05). The altered integration of somatosensory inputs most likely affects the tuning, sequencing, and execution of balance strategies in sedentary men with a high total fat mass percentage.