1
|
Jiang Q, Song G, He L, Li X, Jiang B, Wang Q, Wang S, Kim C, Barkestani MN, Lopez R, Fan M, Wanniarachchi K, Quaranta M, Tian X, Mani A, Gonzalez A, Goodwin JE, Sessa WC, Ishibe S, Jane-Wit D. ZFYVE21 promotes endothelial nitric oxide signaling and vascular barrier function in the kidney during aging. Kidney Int 2024; 106:419-432. [PMID: 38797325 PMCID: PMC11343665 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
ZFYVE21 is an ancient, endosome-associated protein that is highly expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) but whose function(s) in vivo are undefined. Here, we identified ZFYVE21 as an essential regulator of vascular barrier function in the aging kidney. ZFYVE21 levels significantly decline in ECs in aged human and mouse kidneys. To investigate attendant effects, we generated EC-specific Zfyve21-/- reporter mice. These knockout mice developed accelerated aging phenotypes including reduced endothelial nitric oxide (ENOS) activity, failure to thrive, and kidney insufficiency. Kidneys from Zfyve21 EC-/- mice showed interstitial edema and glomerular EC injury. ZFYVE21-mediated phenotypes were not programmed developmentally as loss of ZFYVE21 in ECs during adulthood phenocopied its loss prenatally, and a nitric oxide donor normalized kidney function in adult hosts. Using live cell imaging and human kidney organ cultures, we found that in a GTPase Rab5- and protein kinase Akt-dependent manner, ZFYVE21 reduced vesicular levels of inhibitory caveolin-1 and promoted transfer of Golgi-derived ENOS to a perinuclear Rab5+ vesicular population to functionally sustain ENOS activity. Thus, our work defines a ZFYVE21- mediated trafficking mechanism sustaining ENOS activity and demonstrates the relevance of this pathway for maintaining kidney function with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Jiang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Guiyu Song
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Liying He
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Qianxun Wang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shaoxun Wang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Catherine Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mahsa Nouri Barkestani
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Roberto Lopez
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Matthew Fan
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kujani Wanniarachchi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maya Quaranta
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anjelica Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - William C Sessa
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Shuta Ishibe
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dan Jane-Wit
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cardiology, West Haven VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo F, Du N, Wen X, Li Z, Guo Y, Zhou L, Hoffman AR, Li L, Hu JF, Cui J. CircARAP2 controls sMICA-induced NK cell desensitization by erasing CTCF/PRC2-induced suppression in early endosome marker RAB5A. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:307. [PMID: 39048814 PMCID: PMC11335232 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NK) are the "professional killer" of tumors and play a crucial role in anti-tumor immunotherapy. NK cell desensitization is a key mechanism of tumor immune escape. Dysregulated NKG2D-NKG2DL signaling is a primary driver of this desensitization process. However, the factors that regulate NK cell desensitization remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we present the first report that circular RNA circARAP2 (hsa_circ_0069396) is involved in the soluble MICA (sMICA)-induced NKG2D endocytosis in the NK cell desensitization model. CircARAP2 was upregulated during NK cell desensitization and the loss of circARAP2 alleviated NKG2D endocytosis and NK cell desensitization. Using Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) and RNA pull-down approaches, we identified that RAB5A, a molecular marker of early endosomes, was its downstream target. Notably, transcription factor CTCF was an intermediate functional partner of circARAP2. Mechanistically, we discovered that circARAP2 interacted with CTCF and inhibited the recruitment of CTCF-Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) to the promoter region of RAB5A, thereby erasing histone H3K27 and H3K9 methylation suppression to enhance RAB5A transcription. These data demonstrate that inhibition of circARAP2 effectively alleviates sMICA-induced NKG2D endocytosis and NK cell desensitization, providing a novel target for therapeutic intervention in tumor immune evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Guo
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Nawen Du
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhaozhi Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yantong Guo
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Andrew R Hoffman
- Stanford University School of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Lingyu Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Stanford University School of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loaeza-Reyes KJ, Zenteno E, Ramírez-Hernández E, Salinas-Marin R, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Torres-Rosas R, Argueta-Figueroa L, Fernández-Rojas B, Pina-Canseco S, Acevedo-Mascarúa AE, Hernández-Antonio A, Pérez-Cervera Y. The modulation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway impacts the localization of CD36 in macrophages. Acta Biochim Pol 2024; 71:13004. [PMID: 39041003 PMCID: PMC11261345 DOI: 10.3389/abp.2024.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
CD36 is a type 2 cell surface scavenger receptor expressed in various tissues. In macrophages, CD36 recognizes oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which promotes the formation of foam cells, the first step toward an atherosclerotic arterial lesion. CD36 possesses a variety of posttranslational modifications, among them N-glycosylation and O-GlcNAc modification. Some of the roles of these modifications on CD36 are known, such as N-linked glycosylation, which provides proper folding and trafficking to the plasma membrane in the human embryonic kidney. This study aimed to determine whether variations in the availability of UDP-GlcNAc could impact Rab-5-mediated endocytic trafficking and, therefore, the cellular localization of CD36. These preliminary results suggest that the availability of the substrate UDP-GlcNAc, modulated in response to treatment with Thiamet G (TMG), OSMI-1 (O-GlcNAcylation enzymes modulators) or Azaserine (HBP modulator), influences the localization of CD36 in J774 macrophages, and the endocytic trafficking as evidenced by the regulatory protein Rab-5, between the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Julissa Loaeza-Reyes
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleazar Ramírez-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marin
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Torres-Rosas
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Liliana Argueta-Figueroa
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
- CONAHCYT – Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Berenice Fernández-Rojas
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Socorro Pina-Canseco
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Alfonso E. Acevedo-Mascarúa
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Alicia Hernández-Antonio
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Yobana Pérez-Cervera
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lindell E, Zhang X. Exploring the Enigma: The Role of the Epithelial Protein Lost in Neoplasm in Normal Physiology and Cancer Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4970. [PMID: 38732188 PMCID: PMC11084159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in maintaining the epithelial phenotype and is vital to several hallmark processes of cancer. Over the past decades, researchers have identified the epithelial protein lost in neoplasm (EPLIN, also known as LIMA1) as a key regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics, cytoskeletal organization, motility, as well as cell growth and metabolism. Dysregulation of EPLIN is implicated in various aspects of cancer progression, such as tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Its altered expression levels or activity can disrupt cytoskeletal dynamics, leading to aberrant cell motility and invasiveness characteristic of malignant cells. Moreover, the involvement of EPLIN in cell growth and metabolism underscores its significance in orchestrating key processes essential for cancer cell survival and proliferation. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the intricate roles of EPLIN across diverse cellular processes in both normal physiology and cancer pathogenesis. Additionally, this review discusses the possibility of EPLIN as a potential target for anticancer therapy in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ferreira A, Castanheira P, Escrevente C, Barral DC, Barona T. Membrane trafficking alterations in breast cancer progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1350097. [PMID: 38533085 PMCID: PMC10963426 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1350097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women, and remains one of the major causes of death in women worldwide. It is now well established that alterations in membrane trafficking are implicated in BC progression. Indeed, membrane trafficking pathways regulate BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. The 22 members of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) and the >60 members of the rat sarcoma (RAS)-related in brain (RAB) families of small GTP-binding proteins (GTPases), which belong to the RAS superfamily, are master regulators of membrane trafficking pathways. ARF-like (ARL) subfamily members are involved in various processes, including vesicle budding and cargo selection. Moreover, ARFs regulate cytoskeleton organization and signal transduction. RABs are key regulators of all steps of membrane trafficking. Interestingly, the activity and/or expression of some of these proteins is found dysregulated in BC. Here, we review how the processes regulated by ARFs and RABs are subverted in BC, including secretion/exocytosis, endocytosis/recycling, autophagy/lysosome trafficking, cytoskeleton dynamics, integrin-mediated signaling, among others. Thus, we provide a comprehensive overview of the roles played by ARF and RAB family members, as well as their regulators in BC progression, aiming to lay the foundation for future research in this field. This research should focus on further dissecting the molecular mechanisms regulated by ARFs and RABs that are subverted in BC, and exploring their use as therapeutic targets or prognostic markers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Lu C, Guo S, Guo Y, Wei T, Chen Q. Leafhopper salivary vitellogenin mediates virus transmission to plant phloem. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3. [PMID: 38167823 PMCID: PMC10762104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Salivary effectors of piercing-sucking insects can suppress plant defense to promote insect feeding, but it remains largely elusive how they facilitate plant virus transmission. Leafhopper Nephotettix cincticeps transmits important rice reovirus via virus-packaging exosomes released from salivary glands and then entering the rice phloem. Here, we report that intact salivary vitellogenin of N. cincticeps (NcVg) is associated with the GTPase Rab5 of N. cincticeps (NcRab5) for release from salivary glands. In virus-infected salivary glands, NcVg is upregulated and packaged into exosomes mediated by virus-induced NcRab5, subsequently entering the rice phloem. The released NcVg inherently suppresses H2O2 burst of rice plants by interacting with rice glutathione S-transferase F12, an enzyme catalyzing glutathione-dependent oxidation, thus facilitating leafhoppers feeding. When leafhoppers transmit virus, virus-upregulated NcVg thus promotes leafhoppers feeding and enhances viral transmission. Taken together, the findings provide evidence that viruses exploit insect exosomes to deliver virus-hijacked effectors for efficient transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chengcong Lu
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shude Guo
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cooper EJ, Scholpp S. Transport and gradient formation of Wnt and Fgf in the early zebrafish gastrula. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 157:125-153. [PMID: 38556457 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Within embryonic development, the occurrence of gastrulation is critical in the formation of multiple germ layers with many differentiative abilities. These cells are instructed through exposure to signalling molecules called morphogens. The secretion of morphogens from a source tissue creates a concentration gradient that allows distinct pattern formation in the receiving tissue. This review focuses on the morphogens Wnt and Fgf in zebrafish development. Wnt has been shown to have critical roles throughout gastrulation, including in anteroposterior patterning and neural posterisation. Fgf is also a vital signal, contributing to involution and mesodermal specification. Both morphogens have also been found to work in finely balanced synergy for processes such as neural induction. Thus, the signalling range of Wnts and Fgfs must be strictly controlled to target the correct target cells. Fgf and Wnts signal to local cells as well as to cells in the distance in a highly regulated way, requiring specific dissemination mechanisms that allow efficient and precise signalling over short and long distances. Multiple transportation mechanisms have been discovered to aid in producing a stable morphogen gradient, including short-range diffusion, filopodia-like extensions called cytonemes and extracellular vesicles, mainly exosomes. These mechanisms are specific to the morphogen that they transport and the intended signalling range. This review article discusses how spreading mechanisms in these two morphogenetic systems differ and the consequences on paracrine signalling, hence tissue patterning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Cooper
- Living Systems Institute, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen Scholpp
- Living Systems Institute, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koop K, Yuan W, Tessadori F, Rodriguez-Polanco WR, Grubbs J, Zhang B, Osmond M, Graham G, Sawyer S, Conboy E, Vetrini F, Treat K, Płoski R, Pienkowski VM, Kłosowska A, Fieg E, Krier J, Mallebranche C, Alban Z, Aldinger KA, Ritter D, Macnamara E, Sullivan B, Herriges J, Alaimo JT, Helbig C, Ellis CA, van Eyk C, Gecz J, Farrugia D, Osei-Owusu I, Adès L, van den Boogaard MJ, Fuchs S, Bakker J, Duran K, Dawson ZD, Lindsey A, Huang H, Baldridge D, Silverman GA, Grant BD, Raizen D, van Haaften G, Pak SC, Rehmann H, Schedl T, van Hasselt P. Macrocephaly and developmental delay caused by missense variants in RAB5C. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:3063-3077. [PMID: 37552066 PMCID: PMC10586195 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases are important regulators of intracellular vesicular trafficking. RAB5C is a member of the Rab GTPase family that plays an important role in the endocytic pathway, membrane protein recycling and signaling. Here we report on 12 individuals with nine different heterozygous de novo variants in RAB5C. All but one patient with missense variants (n = 9) exhibited macrocephaly, combined with mild-to-moderate developmental delay. Patients with loss of function variants (n = 2) had an apparently more severe clinical phenotype with refractory epilepsy and intellectual disability but a normal head circumference. Four missense variants were investigated experimentally. In vitro biochemical studies revealed that all four variants were damaging, resulting in increased nucleotide exchange rate, attenuated responsivity to guanine exchange factors and heterogeneous effects on interactions with effector proteins. Studies in C. elegans confirmed that all four variants were damaging in vivo and showed defects in endocytic pathway function. The variant heterozygotes displayed phenotypes that were not observed in null heterozygotes, with two shown to be through a dominant negative mechanism. Expression of the human RAB5C variants in zebrafish embryos resulted in defective development, further underscoring the damaging effects of the RAB5C variants. Our combined bioinformatic, in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and clinical data support the association of RAB5C missense variants with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by macrocephaly and mild-to-moderate developmental delay through disruption of the endocytic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Koop
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Weimin Yuan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Federico Tessadori
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Wilmer R Rodriguez-Polanco
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jeremy Grubbs
- Department of Neurology and the Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matt Osmond
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Gail Graham
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Sarah Sawyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Erin Conboy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Francesco Vetrini
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kayla Treat
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Rafal Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Victor Murcia Pienkowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
- Marseille Medical Genetics U1251, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Anna Kłosowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-210, Poland
| | - Elizabeth Fieg
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joel Krier
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Coralie Mallebranche
- Unité d'Onco-Hémato-Immunologie pédiatrique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, 49933, France
| | - Ziegler Alban
- Service de génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, 49933, France
| | - Kimberly A Aldinger
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Deborah Ritter
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ellen Macnamara
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program Translational Laboratory, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Bonnie Sullivan
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - John Herriges
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Joseph T Alaimo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Catherine Helbig
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Colin A Ellis
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA, 19104, USA
| | - Clare van Eyk
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia
| | | | - Ikeoluwa Osei-Owusu
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Lesley Adès
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Marie-Jose van den Boogaard
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584EA, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bakker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Duran
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Zachary D Dawson
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anika Lindsey
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Huiyan Huang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dustin Baldridge
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gary A Silverman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Barth D Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - David Raizen
- Department of Neurology and the Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gijs van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584EA, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen C Pak
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Holger Rehmann
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology, Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, 24943, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Tim Schedl
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, C. elegans Model Organism Screening Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Peter van Hasselt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He Y, Cheng M, Yang R, Li H, Lu Z, Jin Y, Feng J, Tu L. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nanoparticles Crossing the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membrane. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1816. [PMID: 37514003 PMCID: PMC10384977 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the stability of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their penetration ability in the mucosal layer by implementing a nanoparticle delivery strategy is currently a research focus in the pharmaceutical field. However, for most drugs, nanoparticles failed in enhancing their oral absorption on a large scale (4 folds or above), which hinders their clinical application. Recently, several researchers have proved that the intestinal epithelial cell membrane crossing behaviors of nanoparticles deeply influenced their oral absorption, and relevant reviews were rare. In this paper, we systematically review the behaviors of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and mainly focus on their intracellular mechanism. The three key complex intracellular processes of nanoparticles are described: uptake by intestinal epithelial cells on the apical side, intracellular transport and basal side exocytosis. We believe that this review will help scientists understand the in vivo performance of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and assist in the design of novel strategies for further improving the bioavailability of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie He
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ruyue Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Haocheng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianfang Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Liangxing Tu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sharma AK, Ismail N. Role of Autophagy in Ehrlichia-Induced Liver Injury. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091334. [PMID: 37174734 PMCID: PMC10177069 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular process that involves the cell breakdown and recycling of cellular components, such as old, damaged, or abnormal proteins, for important cellular functions including development, immune function, stress, and starvation [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martínez-Morales JC, González-Ruiz KD, Romero-Ávila MT, Rincón-Heredia R, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA 1 trafficking and interaction with Rab proteins, as evidenced by Förster resonance energy transfer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 570:111930. [PMID: 37054840 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
LPA1 internalization to endosomes was studied employing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in cells coexpressing the mCherry-lysophosphatidic acid LPA1 receptors and distinct eGFP-tagged Rab proteins. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced internalization was rapid and decreased afterward: phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) action was slower and sustained. LPA stimulated LPA1-Rab5 interaction rapidly but transiently, whereas PMA action was rapid but sustained. Expression of a Rab5 dominant-negative mutant blocked LPA1-Rab5 interaction and receptor internalization. LPA-induced LPA1-Rab9 interaction was only observed at 60 min, and LPA1-Rab7 interaction after 5 min with LPA and after 60 min with PMA. LPA triggered immediate but transient rapid recycling (i.e., LPA1-Rab4 interaction), whereas PMA action was slower but sustained. Agonist-induced slow recycling (LPA1-Rab11 interaction) increased at 15 min and remained at this level, whereas PMA action showed early and late peaks. Our results indicate that LPA1 receptor internalization varies with the stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karla D González-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - M Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Takasugi N, Komai M, Kaneshiro N, Ikeda A, Kamikubo Y, Uehara T. The Pursuit of the "Inside" of the Amyloid Hypothesis-Is C99 a Promising Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease? Cells 2023; 12:cells12030454. [PMID: 36766796 PMCID: PMC9914381 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aducanumab, co-developed by Eisai (Japan) and Biogen (U.S.), has received Food and Drug Administration approval for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, its successor antibody, lecanemab, has been approved. These antibodies target the aggregated form of the small peptide, amyloid-β (Aβ), which accumulates in the patient brain. The "amyloid hypothesis" based therapy that places the aggregation and toxicity of Aβ at the center of the etiology is about to be realized. However, the effects of immunotherapy are still limited, suggesting the need to reconsider this hypothesis. Aβ is produced from a type-I transmembrane protein, Aβ precursor protein (APP). One of the APP metabolites, the 99-amino acids C-terminal fragment (C99, also called βCTF), is a direct precursor of Aβ and accumulates in the AD patient's brain to demonstrate toxicity independent of Aβ. Conventional drug discovery strategies have focused on Aβ toxicity on the "outside" of the neuron, but C99 accumulation might explain the toxicity on the "inside" of the neuron, which was overlooked in the hypothesis. Furthermore, the common region of C99 and Aβ is a promising target for multifunctional AD drugs. This review aimed to outline the nature, metabolism, and impact of C99 on AD pathogenesis and discuss whether it could be a therapeutic target complementing the amyloid hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobumasa Takasugi
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Masato Komai
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Nanaka Kaneshiro
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Atsuya Ikeda
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamikubo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takashi Uehara
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nauth T, Bazgir F, Voß H, Brandenstein LI, Mosaddeghzadeh N, Rickassel V, Deden S, Gorzelanny C, Schlüter H, Ahmadian MR, Rosenberger G. Cutaneous manifestations in Costello syndrome: HRAS p.Gly12Ser affects RIN1-mediated integrin trafficking in immortalized epidermal keratinocytes. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:304-318. [PMID: 35981076 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous germline missense variants in the HRAS gene underlie Costello syndrome (CS). The molecular basis for cutaneous manifestations in CS is largely unknown. We used an immortalized human cell line, HaCaT keratinocytes, stably expressing wild-type or CS-associated (p.Gly12Ser) HRAS and defined RIN1 as quantitatively most prominent, high-affinity effector of active HRAS in these cells. As an exchange factor for RAB5 GTPases, RIN1 is involved in endosomal sorting of cell-adhesion integrins. RIN1-dependent RAB5A activation was strongly increased by HRASGly12Ser, and HRAS-RIN1-ABL1/2 signaling was induced in HRASWT- and HRASGly12Ser-expressing cells. Along with that, HRASGly12Ser expression decreased total integrin levels and enriched β1 integrin in RAB5- and EEA1-positive early endosomes. The intracellular level of active β1 integrin was increased in HRASGly12Ser HaCaT keratinocytes due to impaired recycling, whereas RIN1 disruption raised β1 integrin cell surface distribution. HRASGly12Ser induced co-localization of β1 integrin with SNX17 and RAB7 in early/sorting and late endosomes, respectively. Thus, by retaining β1 integrin in intracellular endosomal compartments, HRAS-RIN1 signaling affects the subcellular availability of β1 integrin. This may interfere with integrin-dependent processes as we detected for HRASGly12Ser cells spreading on fibronectin. We conclude that dysregulation of receptor trafficking and integrin-dependent processes such as cell adhesion are relevant in the pathobiology of CS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Nauth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Farhad Bazgir
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura I Brandenstein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niloufar Mosaddeghzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Rickassel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Deden
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad R Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Rosenberger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Salvarani C, Paludo J, Hunder GG, Ansell SM, Giannini C, Parisi JE, Huston J, Koster MJ, Warrington KJ, Croci S, Brown RD. Exploring Gene Expression Profiles in Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis. Ann Neurol 2023; 93:120-130. [PMID: 36264136 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to explore the gene expression profile of primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV). METHODS Brain specimens of 4 patients with granulomatous vasculitis (GV), 5 with lymphocytic vasculitis (LV), 4 with amyloid β-related angiitis (ABRA), and 4 normal controls were studied. RNA-sequencing was performed using the Illumina Hiseq-4,000 platform and the Illumina TruSeq Total-RNA library. Student t test and false discovery rate tests were performed for each of the differentially expressed transcripts. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for the pathway expression analysis. CIBERSORT was used to estimate the abundances of different immune cell subsets in the tissues based on gene expression data. RESULTS Transcripts differentially expressed between PCNSV and normal brain indicated that endosomal, mitochondrial, and ribosome dysfunction, alterations in protein synthesis, and noncoding RNAs might be involved in PCNSV. Pathway analysis revealed the activation of dendritic cell maturation and antigen processing as well as neuroinflammation in PCNSV versus normal brain, whereas oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited. CIBERSORT estimation of immune cell subsets suggested that activated NK cells, M1 macrophages, memory B cells, and follicular helper T cells were likely to be more prevalent in PCNSV samples. Naïve CD4 T cells and monocytes were mainly estimated to be present in GV and ABRA. Plasma cell and γδ T-cell signatures were mainly found in LV and normal brain. GV showed higher levels of genes associated with macrophage activities and T cells. ABRA showed higher levels of long noncoding RNAs and miR-616. LV showed higher levels of genes encoding immunoglobulins. INTERPRETATION RNA sequencing confirmed PCNSV heterogeneity. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:120-130.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Salvarani
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Local Health Unit Company-Institute of Hospitalization and Scientific Care, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gene G Hunder
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John Huston
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Robert D Brown
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu A, Xu XN, Luo Z, Huang X, Gong RQ, Fu DY. Identification of prognostic cancer-associated fibroblast markers in luminal breast cancer using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1191660. [PMID: 37207166 PMCID: PMC10191114 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1191660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role in cancer progression and are known to mediate endocrine and chemotherapy resistance through paracrine signaling. Additionally, they directly influence the expression and growth dependence of ER in Luminal breast cancer (LBC). This study aims to investigate stromal CAF-related factors and develop a CAF-related classifier to predict the prognosis and therapeutic outcomes in LBC. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were utilized to obtain mRNA expression and clinical information from 694 and 101 LBC samples, respectively. CAF infiltrations were determined by estimating the proportion of immune and cancer cells (EPIC) method, while stromal scores were calculated using the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumors using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify stromal CAF-related genes. A CAF risk signature was developed through univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method (LASSO) Cox regression model. The Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation between CAF risk score, CAF markers, and CAF infiltrations estimated through EPIC, xCell, microenvironment cell populations-counter (MCP-counter), and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithms. The TIDE algorithm was further utilized to assess the response to immunotherapy. Additionally, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the findings. Results We constructed a 5-gene prognostic model consisting of RIN2, THBS1, IL1R1, RAB31, and COL11A1 for CAF. Using the median CAF risk score as the cutoff, we classified LBC patients into high- and low-CAF-risk groups and found that those in the high-risk group had a significantly worse prognosis. Spearman correlation analyses demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the CAF risk score and stromal and CAF infiltrations, with the five model genes showing positive correlations with CAF markers. In addition, the TIDE analysis revealed that high-CAF-risk patients were less likely to respond to immunotherapy. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified significant enrichment of ECM receptor interaction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and TGF-β signaling pathway gene sets in the high-CAF-risk group patients. Conclusion The five-gene prognostic CAF signature presented in this study was not only reliable for predicting prognosis in LBC patients, but it was also effective in estimating clinical immunotherapy response. These findings have significant clinical implications, as the signature may guide tailored anti-CAF therapy in combination with immunotherapy for LBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Xu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhou Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong-Quan Gong
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - De-Yuan Fu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: De-Yuan Fu,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Watson J, Ferguson HR, Brady RM, Ferguson J, Fullwood P, Mo H, Bexley KH, Knight D, Howell G, Schwartz JM, Smith MP, Francavilla C. Spatially resolved phosphoproteomics reveals fibroblast growth factor receptor recycling-driven regulation of autophagy and survival. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6589. [PMID: 36329028 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.17.427038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) endocytosis-dependent signalling drives cell proliferation and motility during development and adult homeostasis, but is dysregulated in diseases, including cancer. The recruitment of RTK signalling partners during endocytosis, specifically during recycling to the plasma membrane, is still unknown. Focusing on Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2b (FGFR2b) recycling, we reveal FGFR signalling partners proximal to recycling endosomes by developing a Spatially Resolved Phosphoproteomics (SRP) approach based on APEX2-driven biotinylation followed by phosphorylated peptides enrichment. Combining this with traditional phosphoproteomics, bioinformatics, and targeted assays, we uncover that FGFR2b stimulated by its recycling ligand FGF10 activates mTOR-dependent signalling and ULK1 at the recycling endosomes, leading to autophagy suppression and cell survival. This adds to the growing importance of RTK recycling in orchestrating cell fate and suggests a therapeutically targetable vulnerability in ligand-responsive cancer cells. Integrating SRP with other systems biology approaches provides a powerful tool to spatially resolve cellular signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Watson
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Harriet R Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Rosie M Brady
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Jennifer Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Fullwood
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Hanyi Mo
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Katherine H Bexley
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Bio-MS Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Gareth Howell
- Flow Cytometry Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Smith
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Watson J, Ferguson HR, Brady RM, Ferguson J, Fullwood P, Mo H, Bexley KH, Knight D, Howell G, Schwartz JM, Smith MP, Francavilla C. Spatially resolved phosphoproteomics reveals fibroblast growth factor receptor recycling-driven regulation of autophagy and survival. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6589. [PMID: 36329028 PMCID: PMC9633600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) endocytosis-dependent signalling drives cell proliferation and motility during development and adult homeostasis, but is dysregulated in diseases, including cancer. The recruitment of RTK signalling partners during endocytosis, specifically during recycling to the plasma membrane, is still unknown. Focusing on Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2b (FGFR2b) recycling, we reveal FGFR signalling partners proximal to recycling endosomes by developing a Spatially Resolved Phosphoproteomics (SRP) approach based on APEX2-driven biotinylation followed by phosphorylated peptides enrichment. Combining this with traditional phosphoproteomics, bioinformatics, and targeted assays, we uncover that FGFR2b stimulated by its recycling ligand FGF10 activates mTOR-dependent signalling and ULK1 at the recycling endosomes, leading to autophagy suppression and cell survival. This adds to the growing importance of RTK recycling in orchestrating cell fate and suggests a therapeutically targetable vulnerability in ligand-responsive cancer cells. Integrating SRP with other systems biology approaches provides a powerful tool to spatially resolve cellular signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Watson
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Harriet R Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Rosie M Brady
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Jennifer Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Fullwood
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Hanyi Mo
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Katherine H Bexley
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Bio-MS Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Gareth Howell
- Flow Cytometry Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Smith
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kawabata S. Signaling abnormality leading to excessive/aberrant synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1062519. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1062519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
19
|
Unravelling biological roles and mechanisms of GABA BR on addiction and depression through mood and memory disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113700. [PMID: 36152411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABABR) remains a hotspot in the recent research area. Being an idiosyncratic G-protein coupled receptor family member, the GABABR manifests adaptively tailored functionality under multifarious modulations by a constellation of agents, pointing to cross-talk between receptors and effectors that converge on the domains of mood and memory. This review systematically summarizes the latest achievements in signal transduction mechanisms of the GABABR-effector-regulator complex and probes how the up-and down-regulation of membrane-delimited GABABRs are associated with manifold intrinsic and extrinsic agents in synaptic strength and plasticity. Neuropsychiatric conditions depression and addiction share the similar pathophysiology of synapse inadaptability underlying negative mood-related processes, memory formations, and impairments. In the attempt to emphasize all convergent discoveries, we hope the insights gained on the GABABR system mechanisms of action are conducive to designing more therapeutic candidates so as to refine the prognosis rate of diseases and minimize side effects.
Collapse
|
20
|
Neueder A, Kojer K, Hering T, Lavery DJ, Chen J, Birth N, Hallitsch J, Trautmann S, Parker J, Flower M, Sethi H, Haider S, Lee JM, Tabrizi SJ, Orth M. Abnormal molecular signatures of inflammation, energy metabolism, and vesicle biology in human Huntington disease peripheral tissues. Genome Biol 2022; 23:189. [PMID: 36071529 PMCID: PMC9450392 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major challenge in neurodegenerative diseases concerns identifying biological disease signatures that track with disease progression or respond to an intervention. Several clinical trials in Huntington disease (HD), an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disease, are currently ongoing. Therefore, we examine whether peripheral tissues can serve as a source of readily accessible biological signatures at the RNA and protein level in HD patients. RESULTS We generate large, high-quality human datasets from skeletal muscle, skin and adipose tissue to probe molecular changes in human premanifest and early manifest HD patients-those most likely involved in clinical trials. The analysis of the transcriptomics and proteomics data shows robust, stage-dependent dysregulation. Gene ontology analysis confirms the involvement of inflammation and energy metabolism in peripheral HD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we observe changes in the homeostasis of extracellular vesicles, where we find consistent changes of genes and proteins involved in this process. In-depth single nucleotide polymorphism data across the HTT gene are derived from the generated primary cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our 'omics data document the involvement of inflammation, energy metabolism, and extracellular vesicle homeostasis. This demonstrates the potential to identify biological signatures from peripheral tissues in HD suitable as biomarkers in clinical trials. The generated data, complemented by the primary cell lines established from peripheral tissues, and a large panel of iPSC lines that can serve as human models of HD are a valuable and unique resource to advance the current understanding of molecular mechanisms driving HD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Neueder
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kojer
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Hering
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel J Lavery
- CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
- Loulou Foundation, Orphan Disease Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Nathalie Birth
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Sonja Trautmann
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jennifer Parker
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Michael Flower
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Huma Sethi
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Salman Haider
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- Swiss Huntington Centre, Neurozentrum, Siloah AG, Worbstr. 312, 3073, Gümligen, Switzerland.
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
GPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of human salivary histatin 1. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:42. [PMID: 35970844 PMCID: PMC9378733 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human salivary histatin 1 (Hst1) exhibits a series of cell-activating properties, such as promoting cell spreading, migration, and metabolic activity. We recently have shown that fluorescently labeled Hst1 (F-Hst1) targets and activates mitochondria, presenting an important molecular mechanism. However, its regulating signaling pathways remain to be elucidated. We investigated the influence of specific inhibitors of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), endocytosis pathways, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling, p38 signaling, mitochondrial respiration and Na+/K+-ATPase activity on the uptake, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of F-Hst1. We performed a siRNA knockdown (KD) to assess the effect of Sigma-2 receptor (S2R) /Transmembrane Protein 97 (TMEM97)—a recently identified target protein of Hst1. We also adopted live cell imaging to monitor the whole intracellular trafficking process of F-Hst1. Our results showed that the inhibition of cellular respiration hindered the internalization of F-Hst1. The inhibitors of GPCR, ERK1/2, phagocytosis, and clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) as well as siRNA KD of S2R/TMEM97 significantly reduced the uptake, which was accompanied by the nullification of the promoting effect of F-Hst1 on cell metabolic activity. Only the inhibitor of CME and KD of S2R/TMEM97 significantly compromised the mitochondria-targeting of Hst1. We further showed the intracellular trafficking and targeting process of F-Hst1, in which early endosome plays an important role. Overall, phagocytosis, CME, GPCR, ERK signaling, and S2R/TMEM97 are involved in the internalization of Hst1, while only CME and S2R/TMEM97 are critical for its subcellular targeting. The inhibition of either internalization or mitochondria-targeting of Hst1 could significantly compromise its mitochondria-activating property.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang X, Liu J, Pan T, Ward A, Liu J, Xu XZS. A cilia-independent function of BBSome mediated by DLK-MAPK signaling in C. elegans photosensation. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1545-1557.e4. [PMID: 35649417 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetic disorder that affects primary cilia. BBSome, a protein complex composed of eight BBS proteins, regulates the structure and function of cilia, and its malfunction causes BBS in humans. Here, we report a cilia-independent function of BBSome. To identify genes that regulate the C. elegans photoreceptor protein LITE-1 in ciliated ASH photosensory neurons, we performed a genetic screen and isolated bbs mutants. Functional analysis revealed that BBSome regulates LITE-1 protein stability independently of cilia. Through another round of genetic screening, we found that this cilia-independent function of BBSome is mediated by DLK-MAPK signaling, which acts downstream of BBSome to control LITE-1 stability via Rab5-mediated endocytosis. BBSome exerts its function by regulating the expression of DLK. BBSome also regulates the expression of LZK, a mammalian DLK in human cells. These studies identify a cilia-independent function of BBSome and uncover DLK as an evolutionarily conserved BBSome effector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical, School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jinzhi Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical, School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Tong Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical, School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alex Ward
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical, School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Di Felice V, Barone R, Trovato E, D’Amico D, Macaluso F, Campanella C, Marino Gammazza A, Muccilli V, Cunsolo V, Cancemi P, Multhoff G, Coletti D, Adamo S, Farina F, Cappello F. Physiactisome: A New Nanovesicle Drug Containing Heat Shock Protein 60 for Treating Muscle Wasting and Cachexia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091406. [PMID: 35563712 PMCID: PMC9100106 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, no commercially available drugs have the ability to reverse cachexia or counteract muscle wasting and the loss of lean mass. Here, we report the methodology used to develop Physiactisome—a conditioned medium released by heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60)—overexpressing C2C12 cell lines enriched with small and large extracellular vesicles. We also present evidence supporting its use in the treatment of cachexia. Briefly, we obtain a nanovesicle-based secretion by genetically modifying C2C12 cell lines with an Hsp60-overexpressing plasmid. The secretion is used to treat naïve C2C12 cell lines. Physiactisome activates the expression of PGC-1α isoform 1, which is directly involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle atrophy suppression, in naïve C2C12 cell lines. Proteomic analyses show Hsp60 localisation inside isolated nanovesicles and the localisation of several apocrine and merocrine molecules, with potential benefits for severe forms of muscle atrophy. Considering that Physiactisome can be easily obtained following tissue biopsy and can be applied to autologous muscle stem cells, we propose a potential nanovesicle-based anti-cachexia drug that could mimic the beneficial effects of exercise. Thus, Physiactisome may improve patient survival and quality of life. Furthermore, the method used to add Hsp60 into nanovesicles can be used to deliver other drugs or active proteins to vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Felice
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosario Barone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Eleonora Trovato
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Daniela D’Amico
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77573, USA
| | - Filippo Macaluso
- SMART Engineering Solutions & Technologies Research Center, eCampus University, 22160 Novedrate, Italy;
- Euro-Mediterranean Institutes of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Campanella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95129 Catania, Italy; (V.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Cunsolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95129 Catania, Italy; (V.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Patrizia Cancemi
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dario Coletti
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (S.A.)
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergio Adamo
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (S.A.)
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Felicia Farina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.B.); (E.T.); (D.D.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.); (F.F.); (F.C.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institutes of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cesar-Silva D, Pereira-Dutra FS, Moraes Giannini AL, Jacques G. de Almeida C. The Endolysosomal System: The Acid Test for SARS-CoV-2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094576. [PMID: 35562967 PMCID: PMC9105036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to describe and discuss the different functions of the endolysosomal system, from homeostasis to its vital role during viral infections. We will initially describe endolysosomal system's main functions, presenting recent data on how its compartments are essential for host defense to explore later how SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) and other coronaviruses subvert these organelles for their benefit. It is clear that to succeed, pathogens' evolution favored the establishment of ways to avoid, escape, or manipulate lysosomal function. The unavoidable coexistence with such an unfriendly milieu imposed on viruses the establishment of a vast array of strategies to make the most out of the invaded cell's machinery to produce new viruses and maneuvers to escape the host's defense system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Cesar-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (D.C.-S.); (F.S.P.-D.)
| | - Filipe S. Pereira-Dutra
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (D.C.-S.); (F.S.P.-D.)
| | - Ana Lucia Moraes Giannini
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Signal Transduction, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Cecília Jacques G. de Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (D.C.-S.); (F.S.P.-D.)
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Herpesviruses assemble new viral particles in the nucleus. These nucleocapsids bud through the inner nuclear membrane to produce enveloped viral particles in the perinuclear space before fusing with the outer nuclear membrane to reach the cytoplasm. This unusual route is necessary since viral capsids are too large to pass through nuclear pores. However, the transient perinuclear nucleocapsids (250 nm in diameter) are also larger than the width of the perinuclear space (30 to 50 nm). Interestingly, linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) components SUN and KASH connect the inner and outer nuclear membranes and regulate their spacing. Previous work by others on the related pseudorabies virus and human cytomegalovirus showed that they functionally interact with SUN proteins. To clarify the role of SUN proteins, we explored their impact on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), another herpesvirus. Using dominant negative SUN mutants and RNA interference, we show that HSV-1 propagation is dependent on the LINC complex. In contrast to pseudorabies virus, SUN2 disruption by either approach led to increased HSV-1 extracellular viral yields. This SUN2 dependency may be linked to its greater impact on perinuclear spacing in infected cells compared to SUN1. Finally, the virus itself seems to modulate perinuclear spacing. IMPORTANCE The large size of herpesviruses prevents them from travelling across the nuclear pores, and they instead egress across the two nuclear membranes, generating short-lived enveloped perinuclear virions. This poses a challenge as the perinuclear space is smaller than the virions. This implies the separation (unzipping) of the two nuclear membranes to accommodate the viral particles. The LINC complex bridges the two nuclear membranes and is an important regulator of perinuclear spacing. Work by others hint at its functional implication during pseudorabies virus and cytomegalovirus propagation. The present study probes the importance for HSV-1 of the SUN proteins, the LINC components found in the inner nuclear membrane. Using dominant negative constructs and RNA interference (RNAi), the data reveal that SUN2 exhibits antiviral propriety toward HSV-1, as disrupting the protein leads to increased viral yields. This is in contrast with that reported for pseudorabies and suggests that differences among herpesviruses may, once again, prevail.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bertović I, Kurelić R, Mahmutefendić Lučin H, Jurak Begonja A. Early Endosomal GTPase Rab5 (Ras-Related Protein in Brain 5) Regulates GPIbβ (Glycoprotein Ib Subunit β) Trafficking and Platelet Production In Vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e10-e26. [PMID: 34732055 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maturation of megakaryocytes culminates with extensive membrane rearrangements necessary for proplatelet formation. Mechanisms required for proplatelet extension and origin of membranes are still poorly understood. GTPase Rab5 (Ras-related protein in brain 5) regulates endocytic uptake and homotypic fusion of early endosomes and regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate production important for binding of effector proteins during early-to-late endosomal/lysosomal maturation. Approach and Results: To investigate the role of Rab5 in megakaryocytes, we expressed GFP (green fluorescent protein)-coupled Rab5 wild type and its point mutants Q79L (active) and N133L (inactive) in primary murine fetal liver-derived megakaryocytes. Active Rab5 Q79L induced the formation of enlarged early endosomes, while inactive Rab5 N133L caused endosomal fragmentation. Consistently, an increased amount of transferrin internalization in Rab5 Q79L was impaired in Rab5 N133L expressing megakaryocytes, when compared with GFP or Rab5 wild type. Moreover, trafficking of GPIbβ (glycoprotein Ib subunit beta), a subunit of major megakaryocytes receptor and membrane marker, was found to be mediated by Rab5 activity. While GPIbβ was mostly present along the plasma membrane, and within cytoplasmic vesicles in Rab5 wild type megakaryocytes, it accumulated in the majority of Rab5 Q79L enlarged endosomes. Conversely, Rab5 N133L caused mostly GPIbβ plasma membrane retention. Furthermore, Rab5 Q79L expression increased incorporation of the membrane dye (PKH26), indicating higher membrane content. Finally, while Rab5 Q79L increased proplatelet production, inactive Rab5 N133L strongly inhibited it and was coupled with a decrease in late endosomes/lysosomes. Localization of GPIbβ in enlarged endosomes was phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate dependent. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate that Rab5-dependent endocytosis plays an important role in megakaryocytes receptor trafficking, membrane formation, and thrombopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bertović
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Roberta Kurelić
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Martínez-Morales JC, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Roles of receptor phosphorylation and Rab proteins in G protein-coupled receptor function and trafficking. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 101:144-153. [PMID: 34969830 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The G Protein-Coupled Receptors form the most abundant family of membrane proteins and are crucial physiological players in the homeostatic equilibrium, which we define as health. They also participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases and are frequent targets of therapeutic intervention. Considering their importance, it is not surprising that different mechanisms regulate their function, including desensitization, resensitization, internalization, recycling to the plasma membrane, and degradation. These processes are modulated in a highly coordinated and specific way by protein kinases and phosphatases, ubiquitin ligases, protein adaptors, interaction with multifunctional complexes, molecular motors, phospholipid metabolism, and membrane distribution. This review describes significant advances in the study of the regulation of these receptors by phosphorylation and endosomal traffic (where signaling can take place); we revisited the bar code hypothesis and include two additional observations: a) that different phosphorylation patterns seem to be associated with internalization and endosome sorting for recycling or degradation, and b) that, surprisingly, phosphorylation of some G protein-coupled receptors appears to be required for proper receptor insertion into the plasma membrane. Significance Statement G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation is an early event in desensitization/ signaling switching, endosomal traffic, and internalization. These events seem crucial for receptor responsiveness, cellular localization, and fate (recycling/ degradation) with important pharmacological/ therapeutic implications. Phosphorylation sites vary depending on the cells in which they are expressed and on the stimulus that leads to such covalent modification. Surprisingly, evidence suggests that phosphorylation also seems to be required for proper insertion into the plasma membrane for some receptors.
Collapse
|
28
|
Desale SE, Chinnathambi S. α- Linolenic acid modulates phagocytosis and endosomal pathways of extracellular Tau in microglia. Cell Adh Migr 2021; 15:84-100. [PMID: 33724164 PMCID: PMC7971307 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2021.1898727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the resident immune cells, were found to be activated to inflammatory phenotype in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The extracellular burden of amyloid-β plaques and Tau seed fabricate the activation of microglia. The seeding effect of extracellular Tau species is an emerging aspect to study about Tauopathies in AD. Tau seeds enhance the propagation of disease along with its contribution to microglia-mediated inflammation. The excessive neuroinflammation cumulatively hampers phagocytic function of microglia reducing the clearance of extracellular protein aggregates. Omega-3 fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, are recognized to induce anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia. In addition to increased cytokine production, omega-3 fatty acids enhance phagocytic receptors expression in microglia. In this study, we have observed the phagocytosis of extracellular Tau in the presence of α-linolenic acid (ALA). The increased phagocytosis of extracellular Tau monomer and aggregates have been observed upon ALA exposure to microglia cells. After internalization, the degradation status of Tau has been studied with early and late endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. Further, the lysosome-mediated degradation of internalized Tau was studied with LAMP-2A, a lysosome marker. The enhanced migratory ability in the presence of ALA could be beneficial for microglia to access the target and clear it. The increased migration of microglia was found to induce the microtubule-organizing center repolarization. The data indicate that the dietary fatty acids ALA could significantly enhance phagocytosis and intracellular degradation of internalized Tau. Our results suggest that microglia could be influenced to reduce extracellular Tau seed with dietary fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smita Eknath Desale
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (Acsir), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (Acsir), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Singh A, Sen P. Lipid droplet: A functionally active organelle in monocyte to macrophage differentiation and its inflammatory properties. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158981. [PMID: 34119681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) perform several important functions like inflammatory responses, membrane trafficking, acts as secondary messengers, etc. rather than simply working as an energy reservoir. LDs have been implicated as a controlling factor in the progression of atherosclerosis followed by foam cell formation that derives from macrophages during the differentiation process. However, the role of LDs in monocyte differentiation or its further immunological function is still an area that mandates in-depth investigation. We report that LD dynamics is important for differentiation of monocytes and is absolutely required for sustained and prolonged functional activity of differentiated macrophages. In THP-1 cell line model system, we elucidated that increase in total LD content in monocyte by external lipid supplements, can induce monocyte differentiation independent of classical stimuli, PMA. Differential expression of PLIN2 and ATGL during the event, together with abrogation of de novo lipogenesis further confirmed the fact. Besides, an increase in LD content by free fatty acid supplement was able to exert a synergistic effect with PMA on differentiation and phagocytic activity compared to when they are used alone. Additionally, we have shown Rab5a to play a vital role in LDs biosynthesis/maturation in monocytes and thereby directly affecting differentiation of monocytes into macrophages via AKT pathway. Thus our study reveals the multi-faceted function of LDs during the process of monocyte to macrophage differentiation and thereby helping to maintain the functional activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Class IA PI3K regulatory subunits: p110-independent roles and structures. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1397-1417. [PMID: 32677674 PMCID: PMC7458397 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a critical regulator of many cellular processes including cell survival, growth, proliferation and motility. Not surprisingly therefore, the PI3K pathway is one of the most frequently mutated pathways in human cancers. In addition to their canonical role as part of the PI3K holoenzyme, the class IA PI3K regulatory subunits undertake critical functions independent of PI3K. The PI3K regulatory subunits exist in excess over the p110 catalytic subunits and therefore free in the cell. p110-independent p85 is unstable and exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium. Two conformations of dimeric p85 have been reported that are mediated by N-terminal and C-terminal protein domain interactions, respectively. The role of p110-independent p85 is under investigation and it has been found to perform critical adaptor functions, sequestering or influencing compartmentalisation of key signalling proteins. Free p85 has roles in glucose homeostasis, cellular stress pathways, receptor trafficking and cell migration. As a regulator of fundamental pathways, the amount of p110-independent p85 in the cell is critical. Factors that influence the monomer-dimer equilibrium of p110-independent p85 offer additional control over this system, disruption to which likely results in disease. Here we review the current knowledge of the structure and functions of p110-independent class IA PI3K regulatory subunits.
Collapse
|
31
|
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094425. [PMID: 33922618 PMCID: PMC8122874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Rab and Arf families are key regulators of vesicle formation and membrane trafficking. Membrane transport plays an important role in the central nervous system. In this regard, neurons require a constant flow of membranes for the correct distribution of receptors, for the precise composition of proteins and organelles in dendrites and axons, for the continuous exocytosis/endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and for the elimination of dysfunctional proteins. Thus, it is not surprising that Rab and Arf GTPases have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Both pathologies share characteristics such as the presence of protein aggregates and/or the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus, hallmarks that have been related to both Rab and Arf GTPases functions. Despite their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders, very few studies have focused on the role of these GTPases in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize their importance in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as their emergence as potential therapeutical targets for neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
32
|
Serra ND, Sundaram MV. Transcytosis in the development and morphogenesis of epithelial tissues. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106163. [PMID: 33792936 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcytosis is a form of specialized transport through which an extracellular cargo is endocytosed, shuttled across the cytoplasm in membrane-bound vesicles, and secreted at a different plasma membrane surface. This important process allows membrane-impermeable macromolecules to pass through a cell and become accessible to adjacent cells and tissue compartments. Transcytosis also promotes redistribution of plasma membrane proteins and lipids to different regions of the cell surface. Here we review transcytosis and highlight in vivo studies showing how developing epithelial cells use it to change shape, to migrate, and to relocalize signaling molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D Serra
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meera V Sundaram
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhao JM, Qi TG. The role of TXNL1 in disease: treatment strategies for cancer and diseases with oxidative stress. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2929-2934. [PMID: 33660093 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-like protein-1 (TXNL1; also known as thioredoxin-related 32 kDa protein, TRP32) is a thioredoxin involved in the regulation of oxidative stress, which protects cells from damage through redox balance. Studies have shown that TXNL1 has a variety of functions, including cell signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis, modification and degradation, vesicle transport, transcriptional regulation, cell apoptosis, virus replication and oxidative stress regulation, etc., and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of human diseases. Therefore, TXNL1 has a strong correlation with the treatment of cancer and oxidative stress diseases. In this paper, the basic structure, function and potential application value of TXNL1 in diseases are reviewed, so as to open up new targets for the treatment of cancer and oxidative stress-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Tong-Gang Qi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
ALS-causing SOD1 mutants regulate occludin phosphorylation/ubiquitination and endocytic trafficking via the ITCH/Eps15/Rab5 axis. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 153:105315. [PMID: 33636390 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) breakdown is a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). BSCB integrity is disrupted prior to disease onset. Occludin, as the functional component of the endothelial barrier, is downregulated in mouse models expressing ALS-linked superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) mutants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of occludin expression remain elusive. Here, using SOD1G93A transgenic mice and endothelial cells expressing SOD1 mutants of different biochemical characteristics, we found that the SOD1 mutation disrupted endothelial barrier integrity and that the occludin expression level was downregulated with disease progression. Our mechanistic studies revealed that abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mutant SOD1-expressing cells induced occludin phosphorylation, which facilitated the subsequent occludin ubiquitination mediated by the E3 ligase ITCH. Moreover, ubiquitinated occludin interacted with Eps15 to initiate its internalization, then trafficked to Rab5-positive vesicles and be degraded by proteasomes, resulting in a reduction in cell surface localization and total abundance. Notably, either ITCH or Eps15 knockdown was sufficient to rescue occludin degradation and ameliorate endothelial barrier disruption. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel mechanism of occludin degradation mediated by ALS-causing SOD1 mutants and demonstrates a role for occludin in regulating BSCB integrity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Lo Iacono M, Signorino E, Petiti J, Pradotto M, Calabrese C, Panuzzo C, Caciolli F, Pergolizzi B, De Gobbi M, Rege-Cambrin G, Fava C, Giachino C, Bracco E, Saglio G, Frassoni F, Cilloni D. Genetic Screening for Potential New Targets in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Based on Drosophila Transgenic for Human BCR-ABL1. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020293. [PMID: 33466839 PMCID: PMC7830713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome that originates from the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and encodes for the constitutively active tyrosine kinase protein BCR-ABL1 from the Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR) sequence and the Abelson (ABL1) gene. Despite BCR-ABL1 being one of the most studied oncogenic proteins, some molecular mechanisms remain enigmatic, and several of the proteins, acting either as positive or negative BCR-ABL1 regulators, are still unknown. The Drosophila melanogaster represents a powerful tool for genetic investigations and a promising model to study the BCR-ABL1 signaling pathway. To identify new components involved in BCR-ABL1 transforming activity, we conducted an extensive genetic screening using different Drosophila mutant strains carrying specific small deletions within the chromosomes 2 and 3 and the gmrGal4,UAS-BCR-ABL1 4M/TM3 transgenic Drosophila as the background. From the screening, we identified several putative candidate genes that may be involved either in sustaining chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or in its progression. We also identified, for the first time, a tight connection between the BCR-ABL1 protein and Rab family members, and this correlation was also validated in CML patients. In conclusion, our data identified many genes that, by interacting with BCR-ABL1, regulate several important biological pathways and could promote disease onset and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lo Iacono
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-6705445
| | - Elisabetta Signorino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Jessica Petiti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Monica Pradotto
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesca Caciolli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Barbara Pergolizzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Marco De Gobbi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Giovanna Rege-Cambrin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Enrico Bracco
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesco Frassoni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (E.S.); (J.P.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.P.); (F.C.); (B.P.); (M.D.G.); (G.R.-C.); (C.F.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Flores-Espinoza E, Meizoso-Huesca A, Villegas-Comonfort S, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid, phorbol myristate acetate, and insulin on the interaction of the FFA4 (short isoform) receptor with Rab proteins. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173595. [PMID: 32986985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells were co-transfected with plasmids for the expression of mCherry fluorescent protein-tagged FFA4 receptors and the enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged Rab proteins involved in retrograde transport and recycling, to study their possible interaction through Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), under the action of agents that induce FFA4 receptor phosphorylation and internalization through different processes, i.e., the agonist, docosahexaenoic acid, the protein kinase C activator phorbol myristate acetate, and insulin. Data indicate that FFA4 receptor internalization varied depending on the agent that induced the process. Agonist activation (docosahexaenoic acid) induced an association with early endosomes (as suggested by interaction with Rab5) and rapid recycling to the plasma membrane (as indicated by receptor interaction with Rab4). More prolonged agonist stimulation also appears to allow the FFA4 receptors to interact with late endosomes (interaction with Rab9), slow recycling (interaction with Rab 11), and target to degradation (Rab7). Phorbol myristate acetate, triggered a rapid association with early endosomes (Rab5), slow recycling to the plasma membrane (Rab11), and some receptor degradation (Rab7). Insulin-induced FFA4 receptor internalization appears to be associated with interaction with early endosomes (Rab5) and late endosomes (Rab9) and fast and slow recycling to the plasma membrane (Rab4, Rab11). Additionally, we observed that agonist- and PMA-induced FFA4 internalization was markedly reduced by paroxetine, which suggests a possible role of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Flores-Espinoza
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aldo Meizoso-Huesca
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sócrates Villegas-Comonfort
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang J, Sun Y, Zhong LY, Yu NN, Ouyang L, Fang RD, Wang Y, He QY. Structure-based discovery of neoandrographolide as a novel inhibitor of Rab5 to suppress cancer growth. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:3936-3946. [PMID: 33335690 PMCID: PMC7734235 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab5 is a small GTPase that plays a crucial role in oncogenic signal transduction, which was considered as an attractive target for cancer therapy. Rapid GDP/GTP exchange in the packet of Rab5 sustains its high activity for promoting cancer progression. However, Rab5 currently remains undruggable due to the lack of specific inhibitor. Herein, we reported the discovery of a novel Rab5 inhibitor, neoandrographolide (NAP), by using high-throughput virtual screening with a natural product library containing 7459 compounds, which can occupy the surface groove of Rab5, competing with GDP/GTP for the binding. Ser34 is the most important residue in the groove of Rab5, as it forms most hydrogen-bond interactions with GDP/GTP or NAP, and in silico mutation of Ser34 decreased the stabilization of Rab5. Moreover, fluorescence titration experiment and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assay revealed a direct binding between NAP and Rab5. Biochemical and cell-based assays showed that NAP treatment not only diminished the activity of Rab5, but also suppressed cell growth of cancer cell. This finding firstly identifies NAP as a novel inhibitor of Rab5, which directly binds with Rab5 by occupying the GDP/GTP binding groove to suppress its functions, highlighting a great potential of NAP to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li-Ye Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan-Nan Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lan Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Run-Dong Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Endocytosis and Trafficking of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Unraveled with a Polycationic Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218282. [PMID: 33167372 PMCID: PMC7663799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) internalization has been described as following different pathways. The tumor-specific branched NT4 peptide has been demonstrated to bind HSPGs on the plasma membrane and to be internalized in tumor cell lines. The polycationic peptide has been also shown to impair migration of different cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models. Our hypothesis was that HSPG endocytosis could affect two important phenomena of cancer development: cell migration and nourishment. Using NT4 as an experimental tool mimicking heparin-binding ligands, we studied endocytosis and trafficking of HSPGs in a triple-negative human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. The peptide entered cells employing caveolin- or clathrin-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis, in line with what is already known about HSPGs. NT4 then localized in early and late endosomes in a time-dependent manner. The peptide had a negative effect on CDC42-activation triggered by EGF. The effect can be explained if we consider NT4 a competitive inhibitor of EGF on HS that impairs the co-receptor activity of the proteoglycan, reducing EGFR activation. Reduction of the invasive migratory phenotype of MDA-MB-231 induced by NT4 can be ascribed to this effect. RhoA activation was damped by EGF in MDA-MB-231. Indeed, EGF reduced RhoA-GTP and NT4 did not interfere with this receptor-mediated signaling. On the other hand, the peptide alone determined a small but solid reduction in active RhoA in breast cancer cells. This result supports the observation of few other studies, showing direct activation of the GTPase through HSPG, not mediated by EGF/EGFR.
Collapse
|
39
|
The G-Protein Rab5A Activates VPS34 Complex II, a Class III PI3K, by a Dual Regulatory Mechanism. Biophys J 2020; 119:2205-2218. [PMID: 33137306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
VPS34 complex II (VPS34CII) is a 386-kDa assembly of the lipid kinase subunit VPS34 and three regulatory subunits that altogether function as a prototypical class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). When the active VPS34CII complex is docked to the cytoplasmic surface of endosomal membranes, it phosphorylates its substrate lipid (phosphatidylinositol, PI) to generate the essential signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P). In turn, PI3P recruits an array of signaling proteins containing PI3P-specific targeting domains (including FYVE, PX, and PROPPINS) to the membrane surface, where they initiate key cell processes. In endocytosis and early endosome development, net VPS34CII-catalyzed PI3P production is greatly amplified by Rab5A, a small G protein of the Ras GTPase superfamily. Moreover, VPS34CII and Rab5A are each strongly linked to multiple human diseases. Thus, a molecular understanding of the mechanism by which Rab5A activates lipid kinase activity will have broad impacts in both signaling biology and medicine. Two general mechanistic models have been proposed for small G protein activation of PI3K lipid kinases. 1) In the membrane recruitment mechanism, G protein association increases the density of active kinase on the membrane. And 2) in the allosteric activation mechanism, G protein allosterically triggers an increase in the specific activity (turnover rate) of the membrane-bound kinase molecule. This study employs an in vitro single-molecule approach to elucidate the mechanism of GTP-Rab5A-associated VPS34CII kinase activation in a reconstituted GTP-Rab5A-VPS34CII-PI3P-PX signaling pathway on a target membrane surface. The findings reveal that both membrane recruitment and allosteric mechanisms make important contributions to the large increase in VPS34CII kinase activity and PI3P production triggered by membrane-anchored GTP-Rab5A. Notably, under near-physiological conditions in the absence of other activators, membrane-anchored GTP-Rab5A provides strong, virtually binary on-off switching and is required for VPS34CII membrane binding and PI3P production.
Collapse
|
40
|
de-Los-Santos-Cocotle G, Martínez-Morales JC, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Effects of agonists and phorbol esters on α 1A-adrenergic receptor-Rab protein interactions. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173423. [PMID: 32750368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a cell line, stably expressing α1A-adrenoceptors fused to the mCherry red fluorescent protein, noradrenaline, methoxamine, and oxymetazoline induced concentration-dependent increases in intracellular calcium. All of these agents increase α1A-adrenoceptor phosphorylation and internalization. Transient co-expression of these receptors with Rab proteins tagged with the enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein was employed to estimate α1A-adrenoceptor-Rab interaction using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. Noradrenaline and methoxamine increased α1A-adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab7 but did not modify it with Rab9. Oxymetazoline induced adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab9 and only an insignificant increase in Rab7 signal. Phorbol myristate acetate increased α1A-adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab9 but did not modify it with Rab7. The agonists and the active phorbol ester, all of which induce receptor phosphorylation and internalization, favor receptor interaction with Rab5, i.e., association with early endosomes. Cell stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate induced the α1A-adrenoceptors to interact with the late endosomal marker, Rab9, suggesting that the receptors are directed to slow recycling endosomes once they have transited to the Trans-Golgi network to be retrieved to the plasma membrane. The agonists noradrenaline and methoxamine likely induce a faster recycling and might direct some of the adrenoceptors toward degradation and/or very slow recycling to the plasma membrane. Oxymetazoline produced a mixed pattern of interaction with the Rab proteins. These data indicate that α1A-adrenoceptor agonists can trigger different vesicular traffic and receptor fates within the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo de-Los-Santos-Cocotle
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Martínez-Morales
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508; Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Char R, Pierre P. The RUFYs, a Family of Effector Proteins Involved in Intracellular Trafficking and Cytoskeleton Dynamics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:779. [PMID: 32850870 PMCID: PMC7431699 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular trafficking is essential for cell structure and function. In order to perform key tasks such as phagocytosis, secretion or migration, cells must coordinate their intracellular trafficking, and cytoskeleton dynamics. This relies on certain classes of proteins endowed with specialized and conserved domains that bridge membranes with effector proteins. Of particular interest are proteins capable of interacting with membrane subdomains enriched in specific phosphatidylinositol lipids, tightly regulated by various kinases and phosphatases. Here, we focus on the poorly studied RUFY family of adaptor proteins, characterized by a RUN domain, which interacts with small GTP-binding proteins, and a FYVE domain, involved in the recognition of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. We report recent findings on this protein family that regulates endosomal trafficking, cell migration and upon dysfunction, can lead to severe pathology at the organismal level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Char
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Pierre
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine and Ilidio Pinho Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tian L, Doroshenk KA, Zhang L, Fukuda M, Washida H, Kumamaru T, Okita T. Zipcode RNA-Binding Proteins and Membrane Trafficking Proteins Cooperate to Transport Glutelin mRNAs in Rice Endosperm. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2566-2581. [PMID: 32471860 PMCID: PMC7401010 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm cells, mRNAs encoding glutelin and prolamine are translated on distinct cortical-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) subdomains (the cisternal-ER and protein body-ER), a process that facilitates targeting of their proteins to different endomembrane compartments. Although the cis- and trans-factors responsible for mRNA localization have been defined over the years, how these mRNAs are transported to the cortical ER has yet to be resolved. Here, we show that the two interacting glutelin zipcode RNA binding proteins (RBPs), RBP-P and RBP-L, form a quaternary complex with the membrane fusion factors n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and the small GTPase Rab5a, enabling mRNA transport on endosomes. Direct interaction of RBP-L with Rab5a, between NSF and RBP-P, and between NSF and Rab5a, were established. Biochemical and microscopic analyses confirmed the co-localization of these RBPs with NSF on Rab5a-positive endosomes that carry glutelin mRNAs. Analysis of a loss-of-function rab5a mutant showed that glutelin mRNA and the quaternary complex were mis-targeted to the extracellular paramural body structure formed by aborted endosomal trafficking, further confirming the involvement of endosomal trafficking in glutelin mRNA transport. Overall, these findings demonstrate that mRNA localization in plants co-opts membrane trafficking via the acquisition of new functional binding properties between RBPs and two essential membrane trafficking factors, thus defining an endosomal anchoring mechanism in mRNA localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
| | - Kelly A Doroshenk
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
| | - Laining Zhang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
| | - Masako Fukuda
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Washida
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
| | | | - Thomas Okita
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Germann UA, Alam JJ. P38α MAPK Signaling-A Robust Therapeutic Target for Rab5-Mediated Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5485. [PMID: 32751991 PMCID: PMC7432772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifactorial pathologies, involving one or more aggregated protein(s) and neuroinflammation are common in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. This complexity of multiple pathogenic drivers is one potential explanation for the lack of success or, at best, the partial therapeutic effects, respectively, with approaches that have targeted one specific driver, e.g., amyloid-beta, in Alzheimer's disease. Since the endosome-associated protein Rab5 appears to be a convergence point for many, if not all the most prominent pathogenic drivers, it has emerged as a major therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disease. Further, since the alpha isoform of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α) is a major regulator of Rab5 activity and its effectors, a biology that is distinct from the classical nuclear targets of p38 signaling, brain-penetrant selective p38α kinase inhibitors provide the opportunity for significant therapeutic advances in neurogenerative disease through normalizing dysregulated Rab5 activity. In this review, we provide a brief summary of the role of Rab5 in the cell and its association with neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. We then discuss the connection between Rab5 and p38α and summarize the evidence that through modulating Rab5 activity there are therapeutic opportunities in neurodegenerative diseases for p38α kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
|