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Liu K, Liu J, Xu A, Ding J. The role of polydatin in inhibiting oxidative stress through SIRT1 activation: A comprehensive review of molecular targets. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118322. [PMID: 38729537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Reynoutria japonica Houtt is a medicinal plant renowned for its diverse pharmacological properties, including heat-clearing, toxin-removing, blood circulation promotion, blood stasis removal, diuretic action, and pain relief. The plant is commonly utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and its major bioactive constituents consist of polydatin (PD) and resveratrol (RES). AIM OF THE STUDY To summarize the relevant targets of PD in various oxidative stress-related diseases through the activation of Silence information regulator1 (SIRT1). Furthermore, elucidating the pharmacological effects and signaling mechanisms to establish the basis for PD's secure clinical implementation and expanded range of application. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature published before November 2023 on the structural analysis and pharmacological activities of PD was collected using online databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. The keywords were "polydatin", "SIRT1" and "oxidative stress". The inclusion criteria were research articles published in English, including in vivo and in vitro experiments and clinical studies. Non-research articles such as reviews, meta-analyses, and letters were excluded. RESULTS PD has been found to have significantly protective and curative effects on diseases associated with oxidative stress by regulating SIRT1-related targets including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), p38/p53, as well as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOs), among others. Strong evidence suggests that PD is an effective natural product for treating diseases related to oxidative stress. CONCLUSION PD holds promise as an effective treatment for a wide range of diseases, with SIRT1-mediated oxidative stress as its potential pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anjian Xu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Junying Ding
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Ma L, Zhou B, Liu H, Chen S, Zhang J, Wang T, Wang C. Dietary rutin improves the antidiarrheal capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6262-6275. [PMID: 38466088 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early weaning is prone to damage intestinal barrier function, resulting in diarrhea, whereas rutin, as a natural flavonoid with multiple biological functions, shows potential in piglets. Therefore, the effects of dietary rutin on growth, antidiarrheal, barrier function, antioxidant status and cecal microbiota of weaned piglets were investigated with the control group (CON) (basal diet) and Rutin (basal diet+500 mg kg-1 rutin) groups fed for 14 days. RESULTS The results showed that dietary 500 mg kg-1 rutin significantly decreased diarrhea index, serum diamine oxidase activity and total aerobic bacterial population in mesenteric lymph nodes, whereas it significantly increased the gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) and serum growth hormone content, jejunal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio, and also enhanced jejunal claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 mRNA and protein expression. Meanwhile, dietary rutin significantly decreased inflammation-associated mRNA expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, swollen mitochondrial number and mitochondrial area in the jejunum, whereas it increased the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Moreover, dietary rutin significantly increased Firmicutes abundance and decreased Campylobacterota abundance, which were closely associated with the decreased diarrhea index and MDA content or increased Claudin-1 expression and T-SOD activity. CONCLUSION Dietary 500 mg kg-1 rutin increased G:F by improving intestinal morphology, and alleviated diarrhea by enhancing intestinal barrier, which might be associated with the enhanced antioxidant capacity via activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and the improved cecal microbial composition in weaned piglets. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Xie Z, Yun Y, Yu G, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang T, Zhang L. Bacillus subtilis alleviates excessive apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in intrauterine growth restriction suckling piglets via the members of Bcl-2 and caspase families. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38597265 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestine is a barrier resisting various stress responses. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can cause damage to the intestinal barrier via destroying the balance of intestinal epithelial cells' proliferation and apoptosis. Bacillus subtilis has been reported to regulate intestinal epithelial cells' proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if B. subtilis could regulate intestinal epithelial cells' proliferation and apoptosis in intrauterine growth restriction suckling piglets. RESULTS Compared with the normal birth weight group, the IUGR group showed greater mean optical density values of Ki-67-positive cells in the ileal crypt (P < 0.05). IUGR resulted in higher ability of proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, by upregulation of the messenger RNA (mRNA) or proteins expression of leucine rich repeat containing G protein coupled receptor 5, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, β-catenin, cyclinD1, B-cell lymphoma-2 associated agonist of cell death, and BCL2 associated X (P < 0.05), and downregulation of the mRNA or protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 and B-cell lymphoma-2-like 1 (P < 0.05). However, B. subtilis supplementation decreased the mRNA or proteins expression of leucine rich repeat containing G protein coupled receptor 5, SPARC related modular calcium binding 2, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19, cyclinD1, Caspase-7, β-catenin, B-cell lymphoma-2 associated agonist of cell death, and Caspase-3 (P < 0.05), and increased the mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IUGR led to excessive apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, which induced compensatory proliferation. However, B. subtilis treatment prevented intestinal epithelial cells of IUGR suckling piglets from excessive apoptosis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
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Lin Y, Wu J, Zhuo Y, Feng B, Fang Z, Xu S, Li J, Zhao H, Wu D, Hua L, Che L. Effects of maternal methyl donor intake during pregnancy on ileum methylation and function in an intrauterine growth restriction pig model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:19. [PMID: 38310243 PMCID: PMC10838427 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) affects intestinal growth, morphology, and function, which leads to poor growth performance and high mortality. The present study explored whether maternal dietary methyl donor (MET) supplementation alleviates IUGR and enhances offspring's growth performance by improving intestinal growth, function, and DNA methylation of the ileum in a porcine IUGR model. METHODS Forty multiparous sows were allocated to the control or MET diet groups from mating until delivery. After farrowing, 8 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets from 8 litters were selected for sampling before suckling colostrum. RESULTS The results showed that maternal MET supplementation tended to decrease the IUGR incidence and increased the average weaning weight of piglets. Moreover, maternal MET supplementation significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of isoleucine, cysteine, urea, and total amino acids in sows and newborn piglets. It also increased lactase and sucrase activity in the jejunum of newborn piglets. MET addition resulted in lower ileal methionine synthase activity and increased betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity in the ileum of newborn piglets. DNA methylation analysis of the ileum showed that MET supplementation increased the methylation level of DNA CpG sites in the ileum of newborn piglets. Down-regulated differentially methylated genes were enriched in folic acid binding, insulin receptor signaling pathway, and endothelial cell proliferation. In contrast, up-regulated methylated genes were enriched in growth hormone receptor signaling pathway and nitric oxide biosynthetic process. CONCLUSIONS Maternal MET supplementation can reduce the incidence of IUGR and increase the weaning litter weight of piglets, which may be associated with better intestinal function and methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lun Hua
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Zhou B, Li J, Zhang J, Liu H, Chen S, He Y, Wang T, Wang C. Effects of Long-Term Dietary Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle on Liver Function, Deposition, and Absorption of Trace Minerals in Intrauterine Growth Retardation Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4746-4757. [PMID: 36585599 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the long-term effects of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano-ZnO, 20-40 nm) on the relative organ weight, liver function, deposition, and absorption of trace minerals in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) pigs, piglets were allocated to NBW (6 normal birth weight piglets fed basal diets), IUGR (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets) and IUGR+NZ (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets + 600 mg Zn/kg from Nano-ZnO) groups at weaning (21 days of age), which were sampled at 163 days of age. There were no noteworthy changes in the relative weight of organs, hepatic histomorphology, serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activities, and Mn, Cu, and Fe concentrations in leg muscle, the liver, the tibia, and feces among the IUGR, NBW, and IUGR+NZ groups (P>0.05), and no intact Nano-ZnO in the jejunum, liver, and muscle was observed, while dietary Nano-ZnO increased the Zn concentrations in the tibia, the liver, serum, and feces (P<0.05) and mRNA expression of metallothionein (MT) 1A, MT2A, solute carrier family 39 member (ZIP) 4, ZIP14, ZIP8, divalent metal transporter 1, solute carrier family 30 member (ZnT) 1, ZnT4 and metal regulatory transcription factor 1, and ZIP8 protein expression in jejunal mucosa (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that dietary Nano-ZnO increased the relative optical density of ZIP8 (mainly expressed in cells of brush border) and MT2A (mainly expressed in villus lamina propria and gland/crypt) (P<0.05). In conclusion, long-term dietary Nano-ZnO showed no obvious side effects on the development of the major organs, liver function, and metabolism of Cu, Fe, and Mn in IUGR pigs, while it increased the Zn absorption and deposition via enhancing the expression of transporters (MT, ZIP, and ZnT families) in the jejunum, rather than via endocytosis as the form of intact nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yudan He
- Department of Animal Science, Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, 608 Nanlian Road, Nanchang, 330200, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Zou D, Yang Y, Ji F, Lv R, Xu T, Hu C. DUOX2-Induced Oxidative Stress Inhibits Intestinal Angiogenesis through MMP3 in a Low-Birth-Weight Piglet Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1800. [PMID: 37891879 PMCID: PMC10603984 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal vessels play a critical role in nutrient absorption, whereas the effect and mechanism of low birth weight (LBW) on its formation remain unclear. Here, twenty newborn piglets were assigned to the control (CON) group (1162 ± 98 g) and LBW group (724 ± 31 g) according to their birth weight. Results showed that the villus height and the activity of maltase in the jejunum were lower in the LBW group than in the CON group. LBW group exhibited a higher oxidative stress level and impaired mitochondrial function in the jejunum and was lower than the CON group in the intestinal vascular density. To investigate the role of oxidative stress in intestinal angiogenesis, H2O2 was employed to induce oxidative stress in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The results showed that the conditioned media from IPEC-J2 with H2O2 treatment decreased the angiogenesis of porcine vascular endothelial cells (PVEC). Transcriptome analysis revealed that a higher expression level of dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) was found in the intestine of LBW piglets. Knockdown of DUOX2 in IPEC-J2 increased the proliferation and decreased the oxidative stress level. In addition, conditioned media from IPEC-J2 with DUOX2-knockdown was demonstrated to promote the angiogenesis of PVEC. Mechanistically, the knockdown of DUOX2 decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, thus increasing the angiogenesis in a matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) dependent manner. Conclusively, our results indicated that DUOX2-induced oxidative stress inhibited intestinal angiogenesis through MMP3 in a LBW piglet model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Zou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fengjie Ji
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Renlong Lv
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Tieshan Xu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (D.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.J.); (R.L.)
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Zhang Y, Ren J, Chen L, Yan H, Zou T, Zhang H, Liu J. Effects of Equol Supplementation on Growth Performance, Redox Status, Intestinal Health and Skeletal Muscle Development of Weanling Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091469. [PMID: 37174509 PMCID: PMC10177536 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) usually undergo injured postnatal growth and development during the early period after birth. Equol (Eq), an isoflavan produced by gut bacteria in response to daidzein intake, has various health benefits. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether Eq supplementation can influence the growth performance, redox status, intestinal health and skeletal muscle development of weanling piglets with IUGR. A total of 10 normal-birth-weight (NBW) newborn female piglets and 20 newborn female piglets with IUGR were selected. After weaning at the age of 21 d, 10 NBW piglets and 10 IUGR piglets were allocated to the NBW group and IUGR group, respectively, and offered a basal diet. The other 10 IUGR piglets were allocated to the IUGR + Eq group and offered a basal diet with 50 mg of Eq per kg of diet. The whole trial lasted for 21 d. At the end of the feeding trial, all piglets were sacrificed for the collection of serum, intestinal tissues and skeletal muscles. Supplementation with Eq increased the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), duodenal villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C), jejunal villus height and V/C, but reduced the duodenal crypt depth in neonatal piglets with IUGR. Meanwhile, Eq supplementation elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the serum and duodenum and the activity of SOD in the jejunum, but lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum, jejunum and ileum of piglets with IUGR. In addition, supplementation with Eq reduced diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and the levels of D-lactate and endotoxin in serum, and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in jejunum and ileum, whereas the concentration of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the mRNA levels of intestinal barrier-related markers in jejunum and ileum of IUGR piglets were increased. Furthermore, supplementation with Eq elevated the percentage of fast-fibers and was accompanied with higher mRNA expression of myosin heavy chain IIb (MyHC IIb) and lower mRNA levels in MyHC I in the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle of IUGR piglets. In summary, Eq supplementation can promote antioxidant capacity, maintain intestinal health and facilitate skeletal muscle development, thus resulting in the higher growth performance of IUGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jingchang Ren
- School of Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Honglin Yan
- School of Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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Pterostilbene Confers Protection against Diquat-Induced Intestinal Damage with Potential Regulation of Redox Status and Ferroptosis in Broiler Chickens. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8258354. [PMID: 36733420 PMCID: PMC9889155 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8258354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes damage to macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipid, and has been recognized as a crucial driver of the onset and progression of several intestinal disorders. Pterostilbene, one of the natural antioxidants, has attracted considerable attention owing to its multiple biological activities. In the present study, we established an oxidative stress model in broiler chickens via injection with diquat to investigate whether pterostilbene could attenuate diquat-induced intestinal damage and reveal the underlying mechanisms. We found that diquat-induced decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the level of reduced glutathione and the increase in hydrogen peroxide content in plasma and jejunum were significantly alleviated by pterostilbene (P < 0.05). Pterostilbene supplementation also decreased intestinal permeability and jejunal apoptosis rate, improved jejunal villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and promoted the transcription and translation of jejunal tight junction proteins occludin and zona occludens 1 in diquat-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, pterostilbene reversed diquat-induced mitochondrial injury in the jejunum, as indicated by the decreased reactive oxygen species level and elevated activities of superoxide dismutase 2 and mitochondrial respiratory complexes (P < 0.05). Importantly, administering pterostilbene maintained iron homeostasis, inhibited lipid peroxidation, and regulated the expression of the markers of ferroptosis in the jejunum of diquat-exposed broilers (P < 0.05). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway in the jejunum of diquat-exposed broilers was also activated by pterostilbene (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our study provides evidence that pterostilbene alleviates diquat-induced intestinal mucosa injury and barrier dysfunction by strengthening antioxidant capacity and regulating ferroptosis of broiler chickens.
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Ji S, Jia P, Wang T. Pterostilbene attenuates intrauterine growth retardation-induced colon inflammation in piglets by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:125. [PMID: 36329539 PMCID: PMC9635184 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy are implicated in the pathophysiology of intestinal inflammation; however, their roles in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)-induced colon inflammation are unclear. This study explored the protective effects of natural stilbene pterostilbene on colon inflammation using the IUGR piglets and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-treated human colonic epithelial cells (Caco-2) by targeting ER stress and autophagy. Results Both the IUGR colon and the TNF-α-treated Caco-2 cells exhibited inflammatory responses, ER stress, and impaired autophagic flux (P < 0.05). The ER stress inducer tunicamycin and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine further augmented inflammatory responses and apoptosis in the TNF-α-treated Caco-2 cells (P < 0.05). Conversely, pterostilbene inhibited ER stress and restored autophagic flux in the IUGR colon and the TNF-α-treated cells (P < 0.05). Pterostilbene also prevented the release of inflammatory cytokines and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B p65, reduced intestinal permeability and cell apoptosis, and facilitated the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins in the IUGR colon and the TNF-α-treated cells (P < 0.05). Importantly, treatment with tunicamycin or autophagosome-lysosome binding inhibitor chloroquine blocked the positive effects of pterostilbene on inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and intestinal barrier function in the TNF-α-exposed Caco-2 cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion Pterostilbene mitigates ER stress and promotes autophagic flux, thereby improving colon inflammation and barrier dysfunction in the IUGR piglets and the TNF-α-treated Caco-2 cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00780-6.
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Cui C, Wu C, Wang J, Ma Z, Zheng X, Zhu P, Wang N, Zhu Y, Guan W, Chen F. Restored intestinal integrity, nutrients transporters, energy metabolism, antioxidative capacity and decreased harmful microbiota were associated with IUGR piglet's catch-up growth before weanling. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:129. [PMID: 36229888 PMCID: PMC9564052 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major inducer of higher morbidity and mortality in the pig industry and catch-up growth (CUG) before weanling could significantly restore this negative influence. But there was limited knowledge about the underlying mechanism of CUG occurrence. METHODS Eighty litters of newborn piglets were divided into normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR groups according to birth weight. At 26 d, those piglets with IUGR but over average body weight of eighty litters of weaned piglets were considered as CUG, and the piglets with IUGR still below average body weight were considered as NCUG. This study was conducted to systemically compare the intestinal difference among NBW, CUG and NCUG weaned piglets considering the crucial role of the intestine for piglet growth. RESULTS The results indicated that the mRNA expression of nutrients (amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids) transporters, and mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) I were upregulated in CUG piglets' gut with improved morphology compared with those NCUG, as well as the ratio of P-AMPK/AMPK protein expression which is the indicator of energy metabolism. Meanwhile, CUG piglet's gut showed higher antioxidative capacity with increased SOD and GSH-Px activity, decreased MDA levels, as well as higher mRNA expressions of Nrf2, Keap1, SOD, and GSH-Px. Furthermore, inflammatory parameters including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 factors, and the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were significantly elevated in the NCUG intestine, while the protein expression of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 was reduced. The alpha diversity of fecal microbiota was higher in CUG piglets in contrast with NCUG piglets, and the increased beneficial bacteria and decreased pathogenic bacteria was also observed in CUG piglets. CONCLUSIONS CUG piglet's intestine showed comprehensive restoration including higher nutrients transport, energy metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal physical barrier, while lower oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and pathogenic microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Caichi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziwei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pengwei Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Nuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology CO., LTD, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Fang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Dietary Epidermal Growth Factor Supplementation Alleviates Intestinal Injury in Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Enhancing Intestinal Glucose Transport and Barrier Function. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172245. [PMID: 36077965 PMCID: PMC9454730 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
EGF plays an important role in the intestinal repair and nutrients transport of animals. However, the effect of EGF on the intestinal health of piglets with IUGR has not been reported. Thus, the present study was performed to investigate the effects of EGF on the intestinal morphology, glucose absorption, antioxidant capacity, and barrier function of piglets with IUGR. A total of 6 NBW piglets and 12 IUGR piglets were randomly divided into three treatments: NC group (NBW piglets fed with basal diet, n = 6), IC group (IUGR piglets fed with basal diet, n = 6), and IE group (IUGR piglets fed with basal diet supplemented with 2 mg/kg EGF, n = 6). Growth performance, serum biochemical profile, jejunum histomorphology, jejunum glucose absorption and antioxidant capacity, and jejunal barrier function were measured. The results showed that EGF supplementation significantly increased the final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets with IUGR; EGF supplementation significantly increased the total protein (TP), glucose (GLU), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels compared with the IUGR piglets in the IC group; EGF administration effectively exhibited an increased jejunum villus height (VH) and the villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio (V/C) of IUGR piglets compared with the IC group; EGF supplementation significantly increased sodium/potassium-transporting adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, glucose transporter sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPK-α1) mRNA expressions in the jejunum of IUGR piglets compared with the IC group; EGF supplementation exhibited increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, tended to increase glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities, and tended to decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the jejunum of IUGR piglets compared with the IC group; EGF supplementation significantly increased ZO-1, Claudin-1, Occludin, and MUC2 mRNA expressions and improved secreted immunoglobulin A (sIgA) secretion in the jejunum of IUGR piglets compared with the IC group and tended to decrease the interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in the jejunum of IUGR piglets compared with the IC group. Pearson’s correlation analysis further showed that EGF can promote intestinal development and nutrient absorption by promoting intestinal barrier function, thus improving the growth performance of IUGR piglets.
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Manriquez D, Poudevigne G, Roche E, Waret-Szkuta A. Association between Head-to-Chest Circumference Ratio and Intrauterine Growth-Retardation Related Outcomes during Preweaning and Postweaning. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121562. [PMID: 35739898 PMCID: PMC9219466 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between the head-to-chest circumference ratio (HCR) and birth weight (BW), colostrum intake, and average daily weight gain (ADG) at preweaning and postweaning periods. Additionally, associations between HCR and PCV-2 serum antibody titers and the PCV-2 seroconversion ratio (SCR) were assessed. Head and chest circumferences were measured at birth, and HCR was calculated from 110 piglets born from 8 pregnant sows randomly selected from maternity pens. Linear mixed models were used to test whether changes in HCR were associated with fluctuations of BW, colostrum intake, and ADG. In addition, HCR least-square means were compared between piglets classified as lower or greater BW, colostrum intake, and ADG. Finally, receiving operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to estimate HCR thresholds for discriminating between lower and greater performance piglets during preweaning and postweaning periods. Increments in HCR were associated with lower BW, colostrum intake, and ADG. An HCR threshold of 0.82 maximized sensibility and specificity for the classification of lower and greater performance piglets regarding BW, colostrum intake, and ADG during the periods of 0 to 7 and 0 to 69 days of life. When piglets were categorized into HCR ≤ 0.82 and HCR > 0.82 groups, piglets with HCR ≤ 0.82 had lower (log10) PCV-2 serum antibody titers at 26 days of life compared with piglets with HCR > 0.82 (3.30 ± 0.05 vs. 3.47 ± 0.05 g/dL). On the other hand, piglets that showed low SCR between 26 and 69 days of life had greater HCRs compared with piglets with high SCRs (0.83 ± 0.008 vs. 0.8 ± 0.008). The use of HCRs allowed us to identify piglets with lower performance and impaired immune response against PCV-2. The HCR indicator could be used as a selection criterion for preventive management for piglets showing delayed performance potentially associated with IUGR.
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Zhou B, Zhang J, Liu H, Chen S, Wang T, Wang C. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Improves the Intestinal Function of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Finishing Pigs via Regulating Intestinal Morphology, Inflammation, Antioxidant Status and Autophagy. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:884945. [PMID: 35733639 PMCID: PMC9207390 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.884945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano-ZnO) on growth, immunity, intestinal morphology and function of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) finishing pigs. Six normal birth weight (NBW) and 12 IUGR male piglets were obtained and weaned at 21 d. NBW-weaned piglets fed basal diets (NBW group), IUGR-weaned piglets allocated to two groups fed basal diets (IUGR group) and basal diets further supplemented 600 mg Zn/kg from Nano-ZnO (IUGR+Zn group), respectively. All pigs were slaughtered at 163 d. Results showed: (1) IUGR pigs showed no difference in body weight at 77d and 163d (P > 0.05), while had increased villus height (VH) and villus surface area in jejunum (P < 0.05) and enhanced interleukin-6, TNF-α and NF-κB mRNA expression (P < 0.05) as compared to NBW group; Compared with IUGR group, dietary Nano-ZnO did not affect the body weight (P > 0.05), but increased VH to crypt depth ratio and IgA concentration (P < 0.05) and decreased TNF-α and NF-κB mRNA expression in jejunum (P < 0.05). (2) IUGR increased the number of swollen mitochondria and autolysosomes, and protein expressions of sequestosome-1 (P62) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 B/A (LC3B/A) in jejunum as compared to NBW group (P < 0.05); Compared with IUGR group, Nano-ZnO decreased the number of swollen mitochondria and autolysosomes, and P62 and LC3B/A protein expression (P < 0.05). (3) IUGR increased mucosal contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl (PC) and Keap1 protein expression (P < 0.05) as compared to NBW group; Compared with IUGR group, dietary Nano-ZnO increased activities of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content (P < 0.05), and enhanced nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit and glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNA expression, and increased total and nuclear Nrf2 protein expression (P < 0.05), and decreased malondialdehyde and PC content, and Keap1 protein expression (P < 0.05) in jejunum. Results suggested that IUGR pigs showed postnatal catch-up growth and improved intestinal morphology, and dietary Nano-ZnO may further improve intestinal morphology, reduce inflammation, decrease autophagy and alleviate oxidative stress via Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in jejunum of IUGR pigs.
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Zhou ZR, Feng G, Li LL, Li W, Wu ZG, Zheng CQ, Xu Q, Ren CC, Peng LZ. 1H‑NMR‑based metabolic profiling of rat urine to assess the toxicity‑attenuating effect of the sweat‑soaking method on Radix Wikstroemia indica. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:465. [PMID: 35747156 PMCID: PMC9204563 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Wikstroemia indica (L.) C.A. Mey. (RWI) is a toxic medicinal species primarily present in the Miao area of China. The toxicity of RWI is effectively reduced whilst maintaining the therapeutic effect when processed using the ‘sweat-soaking method’, which is a common method of Traditional Chinese Medicine preparation. However, there is a lack of scientific and medical evidence to explain the potential mechanisms by which the toxicity of RWI is reduced after preparation using this method, and the endogenous systemic metabolic effect of RWI remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to explore the endogetnous metabolic alterations caused by RWI and to examine the possibility of reducing the toxicity of RWI using the sweat-soaking method using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic analysis in rats. Principal Component Analysis, Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Orthogonal PLS-DA were used to assess individual proton NMR spectra. A total of 34 metabolic products were altered after delivering raw RWI, and 32 endogenous metabolites were induced by processed RWI. The metabolic pathways that lead to a significant impact on energy and carbohydrate, amino acid, organic acids and lipid metabolism following raw and processed RWI use were identified. The mitochondria of hepatic and renal tubules of rats were injured in the raw RWI group, whereas the processed product reduced or interfered with energy substrate, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, whilst reducing the levels of metabolic markers of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, without causing damage to the mitochondria. Our previous study showed that the median lethal dose (LD50) value of raw RWI was 4.05 g/kg in rats after oral administration; however, the LD50 value of the processed RWI could not be measured. The maximum tolerated dose and minimum lethal dose were 20 and 30 g/kg for the processed RWI, respectively, corresponding to 109 and 164 times the clinical daily dose (0.029 g/kg). Thus, the sweat-soaking method reduced the toxicity of RWI. Moreover, after processing, the toxic component YH-10 was converted into a YH-10 + OH compound, reducing the content of the toxic YH-10 by 48%, whilst also reducing the contents of the toxic components YH-12 and YH-15 by 44 and 65%, respectively. In conclusion, the present study showed that the sweat-soaking method reduced the toxicity of RWI, as evidenced by the reduction of the levels of metabolic markers and the activity of metabolic pathways, thus providing a basis for processing of RWI for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Rong Zhou
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Guo Feng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Lai-Lai Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Guang Wu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Qi Zheng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Chen Ren
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Li-Zhen Peng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
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Polydatin Attenuates Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation-Induced Liver Injury and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Weanling Piglets by Improving Energy Metabolism and Redox Balance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040666. [PMID: 35453351 PMCID: PMC9028342 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential of polydatin to protect against liver injury and the mitochondrial dysfunction of weanling piglets suffering from intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Thirty-six normal birth weight weanling piglets and an equal number of IUGR littermates were given a basal diet with or without polydatin (250 mg/kg) from 21 to 35 d of age. Plasma and liver samples were collected to measure biochemistry parameters at 35 d of age. IUGR caused hepatic apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage, along with a lower efficiency of energy metabolism and inferior antioxidant ability. Polydatin decreased apoptotic rate, improved the features of mitochondrial damage, inhibited mitochondrial swelling and superoxide anion formation, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential in the liver. Concurrently, polydatin promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, increased sirtuin 1 activity, and upregulated the expression levels of several genes related to mitochondrial function and fitness. Polydatin also facilitated mitochondrial oxidative metabolism with a beneficial outcome of increased energy production. Furthermore, polydatin mitigated the IUGR-induced reduction in manganese superoxide dismutase activity and prevented the excessive accumulation of oxidative damaging products in the liver. These findings indicate that polydatin confers protection against hepatic injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in the IUGR piglets by improving energy metabolism and redox balance.
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[Polydatin improves intestinal barrier injury after traumatic brain injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response via activating SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of SOD2 and HMGB1]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:93-100. [PMID: 35249875 PMCID: PMC8901389 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.01.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect against intestinal mucosal injury in rats following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS SD rat models of TBI were established by fluid percussion injury (FPI), and the specimens were collected at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after TBI. Another 15 rats were randomly divided into shamoperated group (n=5), TBI with saline treatment (TBI+NS) group (n=5), and TBI with PD treatment (TBI+PD) group (treated with 30 mg/kg PD after TBI; n=5). Body weight gain and fecal water content of the rats were recorded, and after the treatments, the histopathology of the jejunum was observed, and the levels of D-lactic acid (D-LAC), diamine oxidase (DAO), ZO-1, claudin-5, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. Lipid peroxide (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2 content, jejunal pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF- α), Sirt1 activity, SOD2 and HMGB1 acetylation level were also determined after the treatments. RESULTS The rats showed significantly decreased body weight and fecal water content and progressively increased serum levels of D-LAC and DAO after TBI (P < 0.05) with obvious jejunal injury, significantly decreased expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin-5, lowered SOD2 and Sirt1 activity (P < 0.05), increased expression levels of LPO, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and enhanced SOD2 and HMGB1 acetylation levels (P < 0.05). Compared with TBI+NS group, the rats in TBI+PD group showed obvious body weight regain, increased fecal water content, reduced jejunal pathologies, decreased D-LAC and DAO levels (P < 0.05), increased ZO-1, claudin-5, SOD2 expression levels and Sirt1 activity, and significantly decreased ROS, LPO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and acetylation levels of SOD2 and HMGB1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION PD alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response by activating Sirt1-mediated deacetylation of SOD2 and HMGB1 to improve intestinal mucosal injury in TBI rats.
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Wang S, Huang J, Tan KS, Deng L, Liu F, Tan W. Isosteviol Sodium Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Chronic Colitis through the Regulation of Metabolic Profiling, Macrophage Polarization, and NF- κB Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4636618. [PMID: 35126813 PMCID: PMC8813272 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4636618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) constitute a group of chronic intestinal conditions prominently featuring deranged metabolism. Effective pharmacological treatments for IBDs are lacking. Isosteviol sodium (STV-Na) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and may offer therapeutic benefits in chronic colitis. However, the associated mechanism remains unclear. This study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of STV-Na against chronic colitis in terms of metabolic reprogramming and macrophage polarization. Results show that STV-Na attenuated weight loss and colonic pathological damage and restored the hematological and biochemical parameters in chronic colitis mice models. STV-Na also restored intestinal permeability by increasing the goblet cell numbers, which was accompanied by lowered plasma lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase levels. Metabolomic analysis highlighted 102 candidate biomarkers and 5 vital pathways that may be crucial in the potential pharmacological mechanism of STV-Na in regulating intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress. These pathways were glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism. Furthermore, STV-Na significantly decreased M1 macrophage polarization in the spleen and colon. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB/p65 in colonic tissue from the colitis mice were decreased after the STV-Na treatment. Overall, STV-Na could alleviate chronic colitis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation levels, reprogramming the metabolic profile, inhibiting macrophage polarization, and suppressing the NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway. STV-Na remains a promising candidate drug for treating IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanping Wang
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keai Sinn Tan
- 2College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- 3Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd., Hengqin New District, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
| | - Liangjun Deng
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fei Liu
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen Tan
- 3Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd., Hengqin New District, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
- 4Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Ji S, Jia P, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang T. Resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene attenuate oxidative stress-induced intestinal injury by improving mitochondrial redox homeostasis and function via SIRT1 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:1-14. [PMID: 34648904 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress inflicts mitochondrial dysfunction, which has been recognized as a key driver of intestinal diseases. Resveratrol (RSV) and its derivative pterostilbene (PTS) are natural antioxidants and exert a protective influence on intestinal health. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of RSV and PTS on oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and intestinal injury remain unclear. The present study used porcine and cellular settings to compare the effects of RSV and PTS on mitochondrial redox homeostasis and function to alleviate oxidative stress-induced intestinal injury. Our results indicated that PTS was more potent than RSV in reducing oxidative stress, maintaining intestinal integrity, and preserving the mitochondrial function of diquat-challenged piglets. In the in vitro study, RSV and PTS protected against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in intestinal porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2) by facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis and increasing the activities of mitochondrial complexes. In addition, both RSV and PTS efficiently mitigated mitochondrial oxidative stress by increasing sirtuin 3 protein expression and the deacetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 and peroxiredoxin 3 in H2O2-exposed IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, RSV and PTS preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, which restrained the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to the cytoplasm and caspase-3 activation and further reduced apoptotic rates in H2O2-exposed IPEC-J2 cells. Mechanistically, depletion of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) abrogated RSV's and PTS's benefits against mitochondrial reactive oxygen species overproduction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in H2O2-exposed IPEC-J2 cells, suggesting that SIRT1 was required for RSV and PTS to protect against oxidative stress-induced intestinal injury. In conclusion, RSV and PTS improve oxidative stress-induced intestinal injury by regulating mitochondrial redox homeostasis and function via SIRT1 signaling pathway. In offering this protection, PTS is superior to RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shuli Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Peilu Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Yun Y, Ji S, Yu G, Jia P, Niu Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang T, Zhang L. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on jejunal integrity, redox status, and microbial composition of intrauterine growth restriction suckling piglets. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6362641. [PMID: 34473279 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study used intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets as an animal model to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis on intestinal integrity, antioxidant capacity, and microbiota in the jejunum of suckling piglets. In total, 8 normal birth weight (NBW) newborn piglets (1.62 ± 0.10 kg) and 16 newborn IUGR piglets (0.90 ± 0.08 kg) were selected and assigned to three groups. Piglets were orally gavaged with 10-mL sterile saline (NBW and IUGR groups), and IUGR piglets were orally gavaged with 10-mL/d bacterial fluid (B. subtilis diluted in sterile saline, gavage in the dose of 2 × 109 colony-forming units per kg of body weight; IBS group; n = 8). IUGR induced jejunal barrier dysfunction and redox status imbalance of piglets, and changed the abundances of bacteria in the jejunum. Treatment with B. subtilis increased (P < 0.05) the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) in the jejunum, decreased (P < 0.05) the plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, and enhanced (P < 0.05) the gene expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-1 in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with B. subtilis decreased (P < 0.05) the concentration of protein carbonyl (PC) and increased (P < 0.05) the activities of catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with B. subtilis also increased (P < 0.05) gene expressions of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), CAT, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), as well as the protein expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), SOD1, and Nrf2 in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with B. subtilis also improved the abundances and the community structure of bacteria in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. These results suggested that IUGR damaged the jejunal barrier function and antioxidant capacity of suckling piglets, and altered the abundances of bacteria in the jejunum. Treatment with B. subtilis improved the intestinal integrity and antioxidant capacity while also improved the abundances and structure of bacteria in the jejunum of suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Shuli Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ge Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Peilu Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yu Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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Differences in Intestinal Barrier Development between Intrauterine Growth Restricted and Normal Birth Weight Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040990. [PMID: 33916133 PMCID: PMC8065605 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Animals with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are defined as neonates born at term but with low birth weight and a characteristic shape of the head. A number of structural and functional modifications in the IUGR intestine affecting its digestive and absorptive function and impairing intestinal barrier function have been reported in the past. Far less is known about the immune system in the gut of IUGR pigs. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the structures of the immune system of the gut mucosa in IUGR neonates. We found that the immune deficiency in the gut mucosa that results from restricted intrauterine development occurs at postnatal day (PD) 7, but it disappears thereafter within a week. However, all examined IUGR piglets had an increased number of intraepithelial leukocytes in the gut mucosa on PD 14. We have shown that the immune system of the gut of IUGR piglets is able to quickly compensate for the immunological deficiency postnatally and hardly shows any morphological disabilities in later life. Abstract Intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) piglets are born at term but have low birth mass and a characteristic shape of the head. Impaired general condition, especially in intestinal function, leads to an increase in the occurrence of diarrhoea and high mortality in the first days of life. So far, the mechanical and immunological gut barrier functions in IUGR are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to microscopically evaluate the early postnatal changes in the gut mucosa occurring in IUGR piglets. Whole-tissue small intestine samples were collected from littermate pairs (IUGR and normal) on postnatal day (PD) 7, 14 and 180 and analysed by light microscopy. We found that in the IUGR piglets, the percentage of intraepithelial leukocytes was reduced in the duodenum on PD 7, but it increased in the proximal and middle jejunum both on PD 7 and PD 14, which suggested the development of an inflammatory process. The number of goblet cells was also reduced on PD 14. The average size of the Peyer’s patches in the distal jejunum and ileum showed significant reduction on PD 7 as compared to normal pigs; however, on PD 14, it returned to normal. On PD 180, we did not find any differences in the measured parameters between the IUGR and the normal pigs. In conclusion, we found that in one-week-old IUGR pig neonates, the gut barrier and the immune system structures display signs of retarded development but recover within the second postnatal week of life.
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