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Bugga P, Stoner MW, Manning JR, Mushala BAS, Bhattarai N, Sharifi-Sanjani M, Webster BR, Thapa D, Scott I. Validation of GCN5L1/BLOC1S1/BLOS1 antibodies using knockout cells and tissue. Biochem J 2024; 481:643-651. [PMID: 38683688 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
GCN5L1, also known as BLOC1S1 and BLOS1, is a small intracellular protein involved in many key biological processes. Over the last decade, GCN5L1 has been implicated in the regulation of protein lysine acetylation, energy metabolism, endo-lysosomal function, and cellular immune pathways. An increasing number of published papers have used commercially-available reagents to interrogate GCN5L1 function. However, in many cases these reagents have not been rigorously validated, leading to potentially misleading results. In this report we tested several commercially-available antibodies for GCN5L1, and found that two-thirds of those available did not unambiguously detect the protein by western blot in cultured mouse cells or ex vivo liver tissue. These data suggest that previously published studies which used these unverified antibodies to measure GCN5L1 protein abundance, in the absence of other independent methods of corroboration, should be interpreted with appropriate caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramesha Bugga
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Michael W Stoner
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Janet R Manning
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Bellina A S Mushala
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Nisha Bhattarai
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Maryam Sharifi-Sanjani
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
| | - Bradley R Webster
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Department of Human Performance - Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, U.S.A
| | - Iain Scott
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, U.S.A
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Xu W, Ma X, Wang Q, Ye J, Wang N, Ye Z, Chen T. GCN5L1 regulates pulmonary surfactant production by modulating lamellar body biogenesis and trafficking in mouse alveolar epithelial cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:90. [PMID: 37936104 PMCID: PMC10631113 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pulmonary surfactant that lines the air-liquid surface within alveoli is a protein-lipid mixture essential for gas exchange. Surfactant lipids and proteins are synthesized and stored in the lamellar body (LB) before being secreted from alveolar type II (AT2) cells. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate these processes are incompletely understood. We previously identified an essential role of general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1 (GCN5L1) and the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelle complex 1 subunit 1 (BLOS1) in surfactant system development in zebrafish. Here, we explored the role of GCN5L1 in pulmonary surfactant regulation. METHOD GCN5L1 knockout cell lines were generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Released surfactant proteins were measured by ELISA. Released surfactant lipids were measured based on coupled enzymatic reactions. Gene overexpression was mediated through lentivirus. The RNA levels were detected through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)- polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The protein levels were detected through western blotting. The cellular localization was analyzed by immunofluorescence. Morphology of the lamellar body was analyzed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Lysotracker staining, and BODIPY phosphatidylcholine labeling. RESULTS Knocking out GCN5L1 in MLE-12 significantly decreased the release of surfactant proteins and lipids. We detected the downregulation of some surfactant-related genes and misregulation of the ROS-Erk-Foxo1-Cebpα axis in mutant cells. Modulating the activity of the axis or reconstructing the mitochondrial expression of GCN5L1 could partially restore the expression of these surfactant-related genes. We further showed that MLE-12 cells contained many LB-like organelles that were lipid enriched and positive for multiple LB markers. These organelles were smaller in size and accumulated in the absence of GCN5L1, indicating both biogenesis and trafficking defects. Accumulated endogenous surfactant protein (SP)-B or exogenously expressed SP-B/SP-C in adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporterA3 (ABCA3)-positive organelles was detected in mutant cells. GCN5L1 localized to the mitochondria and LBs. Reconstruction of mitochondrial GCN5L1 expression rescued the organelle morphology but failed to restore the trafficking defect and surfactant release, indicating specific roles associated with different subcellular localizations. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study identified GCN5L1 as a new regulator of pulmonary surfactant that plays a role in the biogenesis and positioning/trafficking of surfactant-containing LBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Xu
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaocui Ma
- Henan Clinical Research Center of Childhood Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Nengqian Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Tianbing Chen
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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3
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Roohi TF, Faizan S, Parray ZA, Baig MDAI, Mehdi S, Kinattingal N, Krishna KL. Beyond Glucose: The Dual Assault of Oxidative and ER Stress in Diabetic Disorders. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:513-531. [PMID: 38041772 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health concern, is characterized by hyperglycemia. However, recent research reveals a more intricate landscape where oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress orchestrate a dual assault, profoundly impacting diabetic disorders. This review elucidates the interplay between these two stress pathways and their collective consequences on diabetes. Oxidative stress emanates from mitochondria, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) production spirals out of control, leading to cellular damage. We explore ROS-mediated signaling pathways, which trigger β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction the quintessential features of diabetes. Simultaneously, ER stress unravels, unveiling how protein folding disturbances activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). We dissect the UPR's dual role, oscillating between cellular adaptation and apoptosis, significantly influencing pancreatic β-cells and peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues. Crucially, this review exposes the synergy between oxidative and ER stress pathways. ROS-induced UPR activation and ER stress-induced oxidative stress create a detrimental feedback loop, exacerbating diabetic complications. Moreover, we spotlight promising therapeutic strategies that target both stress pathways. Antioxidants, molecular chaperones, and novel pharmacological agents offer potential avenues for diabetes management. As the global diabetes burden escalates, comprehending the dual assault of oxidative and ER stress is paramount. This review not only unveils the intricate molecular mechanisms governing diabetic pathophysiology but also advocates a holistic therapeutic approach. By addressing both stress pathways concurrently, we may forge innovative solutions for diabetic disorders, ultimately alleviating the burden of this pervasive health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas Campus, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - M D Awaise Iqbal Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - K L Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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Wei T, Guo Y, Huang C, Sun M, Zhou B, Gao J, Shen W. Fibroblast-to-cardiomyocyte lactate shuttle modulates hypertensive cardiac remodelling. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:151. [PMID: 37580825 PMCID: PMC10426103 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiomyocytes are the major cell populations in the heart. CFs not only support cardiomyocytes by producing extracellular matrix (ECM) but also assimilate myocardial nutrient metabolism. Recent studies suggest that the classical intercellular lactate shuttle may function in the heart, with lactate transported from CFs to cardiomyocytes. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding the generation and delivery of lactate from CFs to cardiomyocytes have yet to be explored. RESULTS In this study, we found that angiotensin II (Ang II) induced CFs differentiation into myofibroblasts that, driven by cell metabolism, then underwent a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. During this metabolic conversion, the expression of amino acid synthesis 5-like 1 (GCN5L1) was upregulated and bound to and acetylated mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2) at lysine residue 19. Hyperacetylation of MPC2k19 disrupted mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and mitochondrial respiration. GCN5L1 ablation downregulated MPC2K19 acetylation, stimulated mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism, and inhibited glycolysis and lactate accumulation. In addition, myofibroblast-specific GCN5L1-knockout mice (GCN5L1fl/fl: Periostin-Cre) showed reduced myocardial hypertrophy and collagen content in the myocardium. Moreover, cardiomyocyte-specific monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1)-knockout mice (MCT1fl/fl: Myh6-Cre) exhibited blocked shuttling of lactate from CFs to cardiomyocytes and attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that GCN5L1-MPC2 signalling pathway alters metabolic patterns, and blocking MCT1 interrupts the fibroblast-to-cardiomyocyte lactate shuttle, which may attenuate cardiac remodelling in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yuetong Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chenglin Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mengwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of State General Administration of Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weili Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Roumeliotis S, Liakopoulos V, Dounousi E, Mark PB. Oxidative Stress in End-Stage Renal Disease: Pathophysiology and Potential Interventions. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9870138. [PMID: 37448556 PMCID: PMC10338128 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9870138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dounousi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Patrick B. Mark
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Molecular Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
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Lv T, Xiong X, Yan W, Liu M, Xu H, He Q. Mitochondrial general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis development through ferroptosis-induced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1325. [PMID: 37415391 PMCID: PMC10326373 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play central roles in metabolic diseases including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, how mitochondria regulate NASH progression remains largely unknown. Our previous findings demonstrate that mitochondrial general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1 (GCN5L1) is associated with mitochondrial metabolism. Nevertheless, the roles of GCN5L1 in NASH are unclear. AIMS AND METHODS The GCN5L1 expression was detected in the fatty livers of NASH patients and animals. Hepatocyte-specific GCN5L1 deficiency or overexpression mice were used to induce NASH models by feeding with a high-fat/high-cholesterol or methionine-choline deficient diet. The molecular mechanisms underlying GCN5L1-regulated NASH were further explored and verified in mice. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS GCN5L1 expression was increased in NASH patients. Upregulated GCN5L1 level was also illustrated in NASH mice. Mice with hepatocyte-specific GCN5L1 conditional knockout improved the inflammatory response compared to GCN5L1flox/flox mice. However, overexpression of mitochondrial GCN5L1 augmented the inflammatory response. Mechanically, GCN5L1 acetylated CypD and enhanced its binding with ATP5B, which induced the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores and the release of mitochondrial ROS into the cytoplasm. The increased ROS promoted ferroptosis of hepatocytes and induced accumulation of high mobility group box 1 in the microenvironment, which recruited neutrophils and induced the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs block impaired GCN5L1-induced NASH progression. Furthermore, the upregulation of GCN5L1 in NASH was contributed by lipid overload-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Together, mitochondrial GCN5L1 has a vital function in promoting NASH progression by regulating oxidative metabolism and the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment. Thus, GCN5L1 might be a potential intervention target in NASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- Department of GastroenterologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Cancer CenterShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiaofeng Xiong
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
| | - Qin He
- Department of GastroenterologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
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Ji X, Chu L, Su D, Sun J, Song P, Sun S, Wang Y, Mu Q, Liu Y, Wan Q. MRPL12-ANT3 interaction involves in acute kidney injury via regulating MPTP of tubular epithelial cells. iScience 2023; 26:106656. [PMID: 37182101 PMCID: PMC10173734 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious disease with no effective treatment. Abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is an important pathological process in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), the key factor of AKI. It is essential to elucidate MPTP regulation mechanism. Here, we identified mitochondrial ribosomal protein L7/L12 (MRPL12) specifically binds to adenosine nucleotide translocase 3 (ANT3) under normal physiological conditions, stabilizes MPTP and maintains mitochondrial membrane homeostasis in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). During AKI, MRPL12 expression was significantly decreased in TECs, and MRPL12-ANT3 interaction was reduced, leading to ANT3 conformation change, MPTP abnormal opening, and cell apoptosis. Importantly, MRPL12 overexpression protected TECs from MPTP abnormal opening and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Our results suggest MRPL12-ANT3 axis involves in AKI by regulating MPTP, and MRPL12 could be potential intervention target for treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Ji
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Lingju Chu
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Dun Su
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Qian Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Qiang Wan
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
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Identification of Ultrasound-Sensitive Prognostic Markers of LAML and Construction of Prognostic Risk Model Based on WGCNA. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:2353249. [PMID: 36816364 PMCID: PMC9937759 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2353249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (LAML) is the most widely known acute leukemia in adults. Chemotherapy is the main treatment method, but eventually many individuals who have achieved remission relapse, the disease will ultimately transform into refractory leukemia. Therefore, for the improvement of the clinical outcome of patients, it is crucial to identify novel prognostic markers. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were utilized to retrieve RNA-Seq information and clinical follow-up details for patients with acute myeloid leukemia, respectively, whereas samples that received or did not receive ultrasound treatment were analyzed using differential expression analysis. For consistent clustering analysis, the ConsensusClusterPlus package was utilized, while by utilizing weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), important modules were found and the generation of the coexpression network of hub gene was generated using Cytoscape. CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and xCell algorithms of the "IOBR" R package were employed for the calculation of the relative quantity of immune infiltrating cells, whereas the mutation frequency of cells was estimated by means of the "maftools" R package. The pathway enrichment score was calculated using the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm of the "Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA)" R package. The IC50 value of the drug was predicted by utilizing the "pRRophetic." The indications linked with prognosis were selected by means of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) Cox analysis. Results Two categories of samples were created as follows: Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 depending on the differential gene consistent clustering of ultrasound treatment. The prognosis of patients in Cluster 2 was better than that in Cluster 1, and a considerable variation was observed in the immune microenvironment of Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. Lasso analysis finally obtained an 8-gene risk model (GASK1A, LPO, LTK, PRRT4, UGT3A2, BLOCK1S1, G6PD, and UNC93B1). The model acted as an independent risk factor for the patients' prognosis, and it showed good robustness in different datasets. Considerable variations were observed in the abundance of immune cell infiltration, genome mutation, pathway enrichment score, and chemotherapeutic drug resistance between the low and high-risk groups in accordance with the risk score (RS). Additionally, model-based RSs in the immunotherapy cohort were significantly different between complete remission (CR) and other response groups. Conclusion The prognosis of people with LAML can be predicted using the 8-gene signature.
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Sun Y, Jin D, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Kang X, Jiang L, Tong X, Lian F. Effects of antioxidants on diabetic kidney diseases: mechanistic interpretations and clinical assessment. Chin Med 2023; 18:3. [PMID: 36624538 PMCID: PMC9827645 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is more prevalent with an increase in diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress is a major factor in the occurrence and progression of DKD. Defending against oxidative stress and restoring antioxidant defense might be key to preventing and treating DKD. The purpose of this article is to provide an explanation of how oxidative stress affects DKD, conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on DKD, and examine the effect of antioxidants on the disease. An analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials showed that the use of antioxidants could reduce UAE (albumin excretion rate) in patients with DKD (SMD: - 0.31; 95% CI [- 0.47, - 0.14], I2 = 0%), UACR (urine albumin/creatinine ratio) (SMD: - 0.60; 95% CI [- 1.15, - 0.06], I2 = 89%), glycosylated hemoglobin (hbA1c) (MD: - 0.61; 95% CI [- 1.00, - 0.21], I2 = 93%) and MDA (malonaldehyde) (SMD:-1.05; 95% CI [- 1.87, - 0.23], I2 = 94%), suggesting that antioxidants seemed to have therapeutic effects in patients with DKD, especially in reducing proteinuria and hbA1c. The purpose of this study is to provide new targets and ideas for drug research and clinical treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - De Jin
- grid.469513.c0000 0004 1764 518XHangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- grid.440665.50000 0004 1757 641XCollege of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, ChangchunJilin, 130117 China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- grid.464297.aInstitute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
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10
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Lv T, Zhang Y, Ji X, Sun S, Xu L, Ma W, Liu Y, Wan Q. GCN5L1-mediated TFAM acetylation at K76 participates in mitochondrial biogenesis in acute kidney injury. J Transl Med 2022; 20:571. [PMID: 36474281 PMCID: PMC9724393 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important pathogenic event in acute kidney injury (AKI). GCN5L1 is a specific acetyltransferase in mitochondria, which regulates glucose and fatty acid metabolism. However, the role of GCN5L1 in mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of ischemic AKI are not fully understood. METHODS The protein level of GCN5L1 was detected by western blot assay. Acetylated proteomics was used to explore the level of acetylated TFAM. Duolink proximity ligation assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used to detect the interaction of TFAM and translocase of outer membrane 70 (TOM70). mtDNA copy number, the expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes, the number and morphology of mitochondria were measured. The renal injury of AKI mice was reflected by the levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen and the pathological changes of renal tissue. RESULTS We showed that GCN5L1 was highly expressed in vivo and in vitro and renal tubules specific knockdown of GCN5L1 could effectively attenuate AKI-induced mitochondrial impairment. Besides, acetylated proteomics revealed that acetylated TFAM was significantly upregulated in AKI mice kidney, which reminded us that TFAM might be an acetylating substrate of GCN5L1. Mechanistically, we evidenced that GCN5L1 could acetylate TFAM at its K76 site and subsequently inhibited its binding to TOM70, thereby reducing TFAM import into mitochondria and mitochondrial biogenesis. Clinically, GCN5L1 and acetylated TFAM were positively correlated with disease severity (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In sum, these data demonstrated an unrecognized regulating mechanism of GCN5L1 on TFAM acetylation and its intracellular trafficking, and a potential intervening target for AKI associated mitochondrial disorders as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Yu Zhang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Allergy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - XingZhao Ji
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Allergy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China ,grid.410587.fShandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Li Xu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Allergy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China ,grid.410587.fShandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Weixia Ma
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Allergy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China ,grid.410587.fShandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Yi Liu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Allergy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China ,grid.410587.fShandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Qiang Wan
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
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11
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Xie Y, Liu F, Zhang X, Jin Y, Li Q, Shen H, Fu H, Mao J. Benefits and risks of essential trace elements in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1400. [PMID: 36660676 PMCID: PMC9843383 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health concern. With the decline of renal function, CKD patients gradually progress to end-stage kidney disease and need to undergo dialysis or kidney transplantation to maintain life, bringing a heavy economic burden to the family and society. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively prevent and delay the progression of CKD. Essential trace elements play an indispensable role in CKD, and the objective of this study is to systematically review their benefits in the disease and summarize the risks of their excess. Methods The keywords "trace elements", "chronic kidney disease", "dialysis", "inflammation", and "fibrosis" and their combinations were used to search for relevant literature published in the PubMed database and Web of Science. We then summarized the role of trace element abnormalities in CKD patients in anemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and chronic fibrosis, and the risk of their excess. Key Content and Findings Imbalance of essential trace elements is a common complication of CKD and a risk factor for CKD progression, cardiovascular events, and death. This article reviews the effects of essential trace elements (iron, zinc, selenium, copper, iodine, and manganese) on CKD. We analyze literature and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various essential trace elements. Conclusions Research shows CKD patients have an imbalance of essential trace elements, and treatment based on these is an important direction for future exploration. A knowledge of the homeostasis of trace elements is important to improving the prognosis of CKD patients and delaying the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Shen
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Manning JR, Thapa D, Zhang M, Stoner MW, Sembrat JC, Rojas M, Scott I. GPER-dependent estrogen signaling increases cardiac GCN5L1 expression. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H762-H768. [PMID: 35245133 PMCID: PMC8977132 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00024.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reversible lysine acetylation regulates the activity of cardiac metabolic enzymes, including those controlling fuel substrate metabolism. Mitochondrial-targeted GCN5L1 and SIRT3 have been shown to regulate the acetylation status of mitochondrial enzymes, but the role that lysine acetylation plays in driving metabolic differences between male and female hearts is not currently known. In this study, we describe a significant difference in GCN5L1 levels between male and female mouse hearts, and in the hearts of women between post- and premenopausal age. We further find that estrogen drives GCN5L1 expression in a cardiac cell line and uses pharmacological approaches to determine the mechanism to be G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) activation, via translational regulation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate here for the first time that mitochondrial protein acetylation is increased in female hearts, associated with an increase in GCN5L1 levels through a GPER-dependent mechanism. These findings reveal a new potential mediator of divergent cardiac mitochondrial function between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet R Manning
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Manling Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael W Stoner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John C Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Iain Scott
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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13
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Maresin 1 Alleviates Diabetic Kidney Disease via LGR6-Mediated cAMP-SOD2-ROS Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7177889. [PMID: 35498124 PMCID: PMC9042615 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7177889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Chronic hyperglycemia-induced inflammation is recognized as the most important pathophysiological process in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). As maresin 1 (MaR1) is an extensive anti-inflammatory lipid mediator, the present study investigated the protective role of MaR1 in the pathogenesis of DKD and its clinical relevance. Methods. Serum MaR1 concentrations were analyzed in 104 subjects with normal glucose tolerant, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), or DKD. Streptozotocin (STZ) together with high fat diet was used to induce male C57BL/6 J mice into diabetic mice which were treated with MaR1. Human renal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) were treated by high glucose for glucotoxicity cell model and transfected with LGR6 siRNA for knockdown with MaR1 added,and detected oxidative stress and inflammatory related factors. Results. Serum MaR1 concentrations were significant decreased in T2DM with or without kidney disease compared with normal participant and were lowest in patients with DKD. Serum MaR1 concentrations were negatively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), duration of diabetes, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), neutrophil, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In mouse model, MaR1 injection alleviated hyperglycemia, UACR and the pathological progression of DKD. Interestingly, the renal expression of LGR6 was down-regulated in DKD and high glucose treated HK-2 cells but up-regulated by MaR1 treatment. Mechanistically, MaR1 alleviated inflammation via LGR6-mediated cAMP-SOD2 antioxidant pathway in DKD mice and high glucose treated HK-2 cells. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that decreased serum MaR1 levels were correlated with the development of DKD. MaR1 could alleviate DKD and glucotoxicity-induced inflammation via LGR6-mediated cAMP-SOD2 antioxidant pathway. Thus, our present findings identify MaR1 as a predictor and a potential therapeutic target for DKD.
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14
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is gradually attacking the health and life of people all over the world. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common chronic microvascular complications of DM, whose mechanism is complex and still lacks research. Sirtuin family is a class III histone deacetylase with highly conserved NAD+ binding domain and catalytic functional domain, while different N-terminal and C-terminal structures enable them to bind different deacetylated substrates to participate in the cellular NAD+ metabolism. The kidney is an organ rich in NAD+ and database exploration of literature shows that the Sirtuin family has different expression localization in renal, cellular, and subcellular structures. With the progress of modern technology, a variety of animal models and reagents for the Sirtuin family and DKD emerged. Machine learning in the literature shows that the Sirtuin family can regulate pathophysiological injury mainly in the glomerular filtration membrane, renal tubular absorption, and immune inflammation through various mechanisms such as epigenetics, multiple signaling pathways, and mitochondrial function. These mechanisms are the key nodes participating in DKD. Thus, it is of great significance for target therapy to study biological functions of the Sirtuin family and DKD regulation mechanism in-depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Bian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiwen Ren
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Huiwen Ren,
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