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Gao S, Zhang Q, Ding Y, Wang L, Li Z, Hu F, Yao RE, Yu T, Chang G, Wang X. Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of Bardet-Biedl syndrome in Chinese patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:149. [PMID: 38584252 PMCID: PMC11000329 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a type of non-motile ciliopathy. To date, 26 genes have been reported to be associated with BBS. However, BBS is genetically heterogeneous, with significant clinical overlap with other ciliopathies, which complicates diagnosis. Disability and mortality rates are high in BBS patients; therefore, it is urgent to improve our understanding of BBS. Thus, our study aimed to describe the genotypic and phenotypic spectra of BBS in China and to elucidate genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS Twenty Chinese patients diagnosed with BBS were enrolled in this study. We compared the phenotypes of Chinese BBS patients in this study with those from other countries to analyze the phenotypic differences across patients worldwide. In addition, genotype-phenotype correlations were described for our cohort. We also summarized all previously reported cases of BBS in Chinese patients (71 patients) and identified common and specific genetic variants in the Chinese population. RESULTS Twenty-eight variants, of which 10 are novel, in 5 different BBS-associated genes were identified in 20 Chinese BBS patients. By comparing the phenotypes of BBSome-coding genes (BBS2,7,9) with those of chaperonin-coding genes (BBS10,12), we found that patients with mutations in BBS10 and 12 had an earlier age of onset (1.10 Vs. 2.20, p < 0.01) and diagnosis (4.64 Vs. 13.17, p < 0.01), whereas patients with mutations in BBS2, 7, and 9 had a higher body mass index (28.35 Vs. 24.21, p < 0.05) and more vision problems (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in 91 Chinese BBS patients, mutations were predominant in BBS2 (28.89%) and BBS7 (15.56%), and the most frequent variants were in BBS2: c.534 + 1G > T (10/182 alleles) and BBS7: c.1002delT (7/182 alleles), marking a difference from the genotypic spectra of BBS reported abroad. CONCLUSIONS We recruited 20 Chinese patients with BBS for genetic and phenotypic analyses, and identified common clinical manifestations, pathogenic genes, and variants. We also described the phenotypic differences across patients worldwide and among different BBS-associated genes. This study involved the largest cohort of Chinese patients with BBS, and provides new insights into the distinctive clinical features of specific pathogenic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Feihan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ru-En Yao
- Department of Genetic Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Genetic Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guoying Chang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Ali A, Abdullah, Bilal M, Mis EK, Lakhani SA, Ahmad W, Ullah I. Sequence variants in different genes underlying Bardet-Biedl syndrome in four consanguineous families. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9963-9970. [PMID: 37897612 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is a rare (1:13,500-1-160,000) heterogeneous congenital disorder, characterized by postaxial polydactyly, obesity, hypogonadism, rod-cone dystrophy, cognitive impairment, and renal abnormalities (renal cystic dysplasia, anatomical malformation). To date about twenty-five genes have been identified to cause BBS, which accounts for about 80% of BBS diagnosis. METHODS In the current study, we have performed mutational screening of four Pakistani consanguineous families (A-D) with clinical manifestation of BBS by microsatellite-based genotyping and whole exome sequencing. RESULTS Analysis of the data revealed four variants, including a novel/unique inheritance pattern of compound heterozygous variants, p.(Ser40*) and p.(Thr259Leufs*21), in MKKS gene, novel homozygous variant, p.(Gly251Val)] in BBS7 gene and two previously reported p.(Thr259Leufs*21) in MKKS and p.(Met1Lys) in BBS5 gene. The variants were found segregated with the disorder within the families. CONCLUSION The study not only expanded mutations spectrum in the BBS genes, but this will facilitate diagnosis and genetic counselling of families carrying BBS related phenotypes in Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pediatric Genome Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Emily Kathryn Mis
- Pediatric Genome Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saquib Ali Lakhani
- Pediatric Genome Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Xin-Yi Z, Yang-Li D, Ling-Hui Z. Review of the phenotypes and genotypes of Bardet-Biedl syndrome from China. Front Genet 2023; 14:1247557. [PMID: 38034494 PMCID: PMC10684923 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1247557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the phenotypes, genotypes, and the relationship of phenotypes and genotypes for Chinese patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). Methods: The Chinese Wanfang and Weipu data, and PubMed were searched up to December 2022. Patients with detailed clinical feature data were involved in the analysis. Results: A total of 153 Chinese patients, including 87 males, 53 females, and 12 unknown, were enrolled. Their ages ranged from 1.2 to 44 years old with a mean of 16.70 ± 9.90 years old. Among these patients, 80 (52.29%) were reported by ophthalmologists, and only 24 (15.68%) reported by pediatricians. Most patients (132/137, 96.35%) had visual problems; 131/153 (85.62%) had polydactyly; 124/132 (93.93%) were overweight or obese; 63/114 (55.26%) had renal abnormalities; kidney dysfunction was found in 33 (21.57%); 83/104 (79.81%) had hypogonadism and/or genital hypoplasia; and 111/136 (81.62%) had mental retardation. In this series, genetic analysis was performed in 90 (58.82%) patients, including 22 BBS7 (24.71%), 20 BBS2 (22.73%), and 10 BBS10 (11.24%) patients. Moreover, 11 fetuses were diagnosed prenatally in the last 4 years except for one patient in 2004 year. It was noted that BBS7 had higher penetrance. BBS2 had higher hearing impairment and lower renal abnormality penetrance. BBS10 also had lower renal abnormality penetrance as well. Conclusion: Misdiagnosis or miss diagnosis of BBS may be common in China. In patients with polydactyly, visual impairment, obesity, renal abnormalities, hypogonadism, and mental retardation, or in fetuses with polydactyly and/or renal abnormalities, BBS should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Other deformities should be evaluated carefully and genetic analysis should be performed as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zou Xin-Yi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dai Yang-Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Ling-Hui
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhong J, Xie Y, Ye H, Chen C, Sun T, Xu K, Zhang X, Li Y. Phenotypic diversity observed in a Chinese patient cohort with biallelic variants in Bardet-Biedl syndrome genes. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:3398-3405. [PMID: 37031301 PMCID: PMC10630479 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02516-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare multisystem ciliopathy. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and genetic features of a cohort of Chinese patients carrying biallelic BBS gene variants. METHODS We recruited 34 patients from 31 unrelated pedigrees who carried biallelic pathogenic variants in BBS genes. All patients underwent ophthalmic and systematic evaluations, as well as comprehensive molecular genetic analyses. Ultimately, 14 patients were followed up over time. RESULTS We identified 47 diseasing-causing variants in 10 BBS genes; 33 were novel. Diagnosis of BBS and non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa (RP) were established in 28 patients from 27 pedigrees and 6 patients, respectively. The two most prevalent genes in patients with BBS were BBS2 and BBS4, accounting for 51.8% of the probands. The patients exhibited clinical heterogeneity, from patients with all six primary clinical components to patients suffering from non-syndromic RP. The common components were retinal dystrophy, polydactyly, and obesity, with frequencies of 78.6% to 100%, while renal anomaly frequencies were only 7.1%. Patients exhibited early and severe visual defects and retinal degeneration. Patients with biallelic missense variants in BBS2 suffered fewer clinical symptoms and mild visual impairment. Patients with BBS10 variants tended to have cone dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS Our study defined the mutated gene profiles and established the configuration of the variation frequencies for each BBS gene in Chinese patients. Overall, our patients showed early and severe visual defects and retinal degeneration. Genetic analysis is therefore crucial for diagnosis, genetic counseling, and future gene therapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhong
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | | | - Chunjie Chen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Tengyang Sun
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China.
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Nawaz H, Khan SA, Bibi F, Waqas A, Bari A, Khan N, Muhammad N, Khan A, Paracha SA, Alam Q, Kamal MA, Rafeeq MM, Muhammad N, Haq FU, Khan S, Mahmood A, Khan S, Umair M. Biallelic Variants in Seven Different Genes Associated with Clinically Suspected Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051113. [PMID: 37239474 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare clinically and genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive multi-systemic disorder with 22 known genes. The primary clinical and diagnostic features include six different hallmarks, such as rod-cone dystrophy, learning difficulties, renal abnormalities, male hypogonadism, post-axial polydactyly, and obesity. Here, we report nine consanguineous families and a non-consanguineous family with several affected individuals presenting typical clinical features of BBS. In the present study, 10 BBS Pakistani families were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), which revealed novel/recurrent gene variants, including a homozygous nonsense mutation (c.94C>T; p.Gln32Ter) in the IFT27 (NM_006860.5) gene in family A, a homozygous nonsense mutation (c.160A>T; p.Lys54Ter) in the BBIP1 (NM_001195306.1) gene in family B, a homozygous nonsense variant (c.720C>A; p.Cys240Ter) in the WDPCP (NM_015910.7) in family C, a homozygous nonsense variant (c.505A>T; p.Lys169Ter) in the LZTFL1 (NM_020347.4) in family D, pathogenic homozygous 1 bp deletion (c.775delA; p.Thr259Leufs*21) in the MKKS/BBS5 (NM_170784.3) gene in family E, a pathogenic homozygous missense variant (c.1339G>A; p.Ala447Thr) in BBS1 (NM_024649.4) in families F and G, a pathogenic homozygous donor splice site variant (c.951+1G>A; p?) in BBS1 (NM_024649.4) in family H, a pathogenic bi-allelic nonsense variant in MKKS (NM_170784.3) (c.119C>G; p.Ser40*) in family I, and homozygous pathogenic frameshift variants (c.196delA; p.Arg66Glufs*12) in BBS5 (NM_152384.3) in family J. Our findings extend the mutation and phenotypic spectrum of four different types of ciliopathies causing BBS and also support the importance of these genes in the development of multi-systemic human genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sher Alam Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Farhana Bibi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- Department Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54782, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Bari
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Niamatullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Nazif Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences (Zoology), University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat 28420, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Aziz Paracha
- Department of Anatomy, KMU Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Qamre Alam
- Molecular Genomics and Precision Medicine, ExpressMed Laboratories, Block Zinj, Manama 359, Bahrain
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahuddin M Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ul Haq
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 12271, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Khan
- Hafeez Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, H-10, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Arif Mahmood
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Saadullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH), Riyadh 12271, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore 14611, Pakistan
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Tao T, Liu J, Wang B, Pang J, Li X, Huang L. Novel mutations in BBS genes and clinical characterization of Chinese families with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 33:11206721221136324. [PMID: 36325687 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221136324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal-recessive inherited disorder characterized by multisystem anomalies. The objective of this study was to detect and analyse pathogenic variants in four Chinese families with BBS. METHODS Comprehensive clinical examinations were performed to investigate and evaluate the phenotypes of the affected individuals from four families. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for four families, and the presence of pathogenic variants was confirmed via Sanger sequencing. RESULTS There were two males and three females with a mean age of 16.00 years. All probands displayed the primary clinical features of BBS. Mutation screening demonstrated four novel mutations: c.613C>T; p.Q205* in the BBS5 gene, c.1391C>G; p.S464* in the BBS10 gene, and c.155delC; p.S52* and c.1584T>G; p.Y528* in the BBS12 gene. Two previously reported mutations were also identified, including c.534 + 1G>T in the BBS2 gene and c.539G>A; p.G180E in the BBS10 gene. The bioinformatic analysis revealed that all the detected mutations in BBS genes were disease causing. CONCLUSIONS This study identified four novel BBS gene mutations in these Chinese families and further expanded the genotypic spectrum of BBS, thus contributing to the literature and understanding of this multisystem disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchang Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, 71185Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, 71185Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Eye Research Institute, 599608Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jijing Pang
- Eye Research Institute, 599608Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, 71185Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Eye Research Institute, 599608Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 71185Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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A Novel BBS9 Mutation Identified via Whole-Exome Sequencing in a Chinese Family with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4514967. [PMID: 34692830 PMCID: PMC8536422 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4514967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by polydactyly, obesity, rod-cone dystrophy, and mental retardation. Twenty-one genes have been identified as causing BBS. This study collected a BBS pedigree from two patients and performed whole-exome sequencing on one patient. We identified a novel homozygous variant c.1114C>T (p.Q372X) in the BBS9 of the two siblings. This variant was confirmed and completely cosegregated with the disease of this family by Sanger sequencing. We report a novel homozygous variant c.1114C>T in the BBS9 gene in a Chinese family.
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